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Joseph Butler

Index Joseph Butler

Joseph Butler (18 May 1692 – 16 June 1752) was an English bishop, theologian, apologist, and philosopher. [1]

83 relations: Adam Smith, Age of Enlightenment, Altruism (ethics), Anglicanism, Apologetics, Archbishop of Canterbury, Austin Duncan-Jones, Bachelor of Arts, Bath, Somerset, Berkshire, Bishop, Bishop of Bristol, Bishop of Durham, Bishop of Salisbury, Bristol Cathedral, British people, C. D. Broad, C. S. Lewis, Calendar of saints (Church of England), Canonical election, Caroline of Ansbach, Christian philosophy, Christian theology, Church of England, Clerk of the Closet, Confirmation of bishops, David Hume, David Seabury, Dean of St Paul's, Deism, Diocese of Durham, Dissenter, Doctor of Civil Law, Edward Chandler (bishop), Empiricism, England, English people, Ethical egoism, Francis Hare (bishop), Francis Hutcheson (philosopher), George II of Great Britain, Great Britain, Henry Sidgwick, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Jeremy Bentham, John Conybeare, John Henry Newman, John Locke, John Toland, John Warwick Montgomery, ..., Josiah Tucker, Kingsmead Square, Bath, Lambeth Palace, Lancelot Blackburne, Lectionary 189, Matthew Tindal, Oriel College, Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, Personal identity, Philosopher, Plato, Presbyterianism, Rector (ecclesiastical), Richard Trevor (bishop), Samuel Clarke, Samuel Jones (academy tutor), Somerset, St James's Church, Piccadilly, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Stanhope, County Durham, The Reverend, The Right Reverend, Theology, Thomas Gooch, Thomas Hobbes, Thomas Reid, Thomas Secker, Wantage, Will Durant, William Lucas Collins, William Paley, William Talbot (bishop). Expand index (33 more) »

Adam Smith

Adam Smith (16 June 1723 NS (5 June 1723 OS) – 17 July 1790) was a Scottish economist, philosopher and author as well as a moral philosopher, a pioneer of political economy and a key figure during the Scottish Enlightenment era.

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Age of Enlightenment

The Enlightenment (also known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason; in lit in Aufklärung, "Enlightenment", in L’Illuminismo, “Enlightenment” and in Spanish: La Ilustración, "Enlightenment") was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe during the 18th century, "The Century of Philosophy".

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Altruism (ethics)

Altruism (also called the ethic of altruism, moralistic altruism, and ethical altruism) is an ethical doctrine that holds that the moral value of an individual's actions depend solely on the impact on other individuals, regardless of the consequences on the individual itself.

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Anglicanism

Anglicanism is a Western Christian tradition that evolved out of the practices, liturgy and identity of the Church of England following the Protestant Reformation.

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Apologetics

Apologetics (from Greek ἀπολογία, "speaking in defense") is the religious discipline of defending religious doctrines through systematic argumentation and discourse.

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Archbishop of Canterbury

The Archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury.

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Austin Duncan-Jones

Austin Ernest Duncan-Jones (5 August 1908 – 2 April 1967) was a British philosopher.

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Bachelor of Arts

A Bachelor of Arts (BA or AB, from the Latin baccalaureus artium or artium baccalaureus) is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate course or program in either the liberal arts, sciences, or both.

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Bath, Somerset

Bath is the largest city in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England, known for its Roman-built baths.

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Berkshire

Berkshire (abbreviated Berks, in the 17th century sometimes spelled Barkeshire as it is pronounced) is a county in south east England, west of London and is one of the home counties.

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Bishop

A bishop (English derivation from the New Testament of the Christian Bible Greek επίσκοπος, epískopos, "overseer", "guardian") is an ordained, consecrated, or appointed member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight.

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Bishop of Bristol

The Bishop of Bristol heads the Church of England Diocese of Bristol in the Province of Canterbury, in England.

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Bishop of Durham

The Bishop of Durham is the Anglican bishop responsible for the Diocese of Durham in the Province of York.

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Bishop of Salisbury

The Bishop of Salisbury is the ordinary of the Church of England's Diocese of Salisbury in the Province of Canterbury.

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Bristol Cathedral

Bristol Cathedral, formally the Cathedral Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity, is the Church of England cathedral in the city of Bristol, England.

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British people

The British people, or the Britons, are the citizens of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the British Overseas Territories, and the Crown dependencies.

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C. D. Broad

Charlie Dunbar Broad (30 December 1887 – 11 March 1971), usually cited as C. D. Broad, was an English epistemologist, historian of philosophy, philosopher of science, moral philosopher, and writer on the philosophical aspects of psychical research.

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C. S. Lewis

Clive Staples Lewis (29 November 1898 – 22 November 1963) was a British novelist, poet, academic, medievalist, literary critic, essayist, lay theologian, broadcaster, lecturer, and Christian apologist.

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Calendar of saints (Church of England)

The Church of England commemorates many of the same saints as those in the General Roman Calendar, mostly on the same days, but also commemorates various notable (often post-Reformation) Christians who have not been canonised by Rome, with a particular though not exclusive emphasis on those of English origin.

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Canonical election

A canonical election, in the canon law of the Latin Church of the Catholic Church, is the designation of a suitable candidate to a vacant ecclesiastical office by a vote of a collegial body.

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Caroline of Ansbach

Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach (Wilhelmina Charlotte Caroline; 1 March 1683 – 20 November 1737) was Queen consort of Great Britain as the wife of King George II.

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Christian philosophy

Christian philosophy is a development in philosophy that is characterised by coming from a Christian tradition.

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Christian theology

Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.

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Church of England

The Church of England (C of E) is the state church of England.

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Clerk of the Closet

The College of Chaplains of the Ecclesiastical Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom is under the Clerk of the Closet, an office dating from 1437.

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Confirmation of bishops

In canon law the confirmation of a bishop is the act by which the election of a new bishop receives the assent of the proper ecclesiastical authority.

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David Hume

David Hume (born David Home; 7 May 1711 NS (26 April 1711 OS) – 25 August 1776) was a Scottish philosopher, historian, economist, and essayist, who is best known today for his highly influential system of philosophical empiricism, skepticism, and naturalism.

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David Seabury

David Seabury (1885 – 1 April 1960) was an American psychologist, author, and lecturer.

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Dean of St Paul's

The Dean of St Paul's is a member of, and chairman of the Chapter of St Paul's Cathedral in London in the Church of England.

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Deism

Deism (or; derived from Latin "deus" meaning "god") is a philosophical belief that posits that God exists and is ultimately responsible for the creation of the universe, but does not interfere directly with the created world.

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Diocese of Durham

The Diocese of Durham is a Church of England diocese, based in Durham, and covering the historic County Durham (and therefore including the part of Tyne and Wear south of the River Tyne, and excluding southern Teesdale).

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Dissenter

A dissenter (from the Latin dissentire, "to disagree") is one who disagrees in matters of opinion, belief, etc.

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Doctor of Civil Law

Doctor of Civil Law (DCL; Doctor Civilis Legis) is a degree offered by some universities, such as the University of Oxford, instead of the more common Doctor of Laws (LLD) degrees.

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Edward Chandler (bishop)

Edward Chandler (1668? – 20 July 1750) was an English bishop.

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Empiricism

In philosophy, empiricism is a theory that states that knowledge comes only or primarily from sensory experience.

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England

England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.

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English people

The English are a nation and an ethnic group native to England who speak the English language. The English identity is of early medieval origin, when they were known in Old English as the Angelcynn ("family of the Angles"). Their ethnonym is derived from the Angles, one of the Germanic peoples who migrated to Great Britain around the 5th century AD. England is one of the countries of the United Kingdom, and the majority of people living there are British citizens. Historically, the English population is descended from several peoples the earlier Celtic Britons (or Brythons) and the Germanic tribes that settled in Britain following the withdrawal of the Romans, including Angles, Saxons, Jutes and Frisians. Collectively known as the Anglo-Saxons, they founded what was to become England (from the Old English Englaland) along with the later Danes, Anglo-Normans and other groups. In the Acts of Union 1707, the Kingdom of England was succeeded by the Kingdom of Great Britain. Over the years, English customs and identity have become fairly closely aligned with British customs and identity in general. Today many English people have recent forebears from other parts of the United Kingdom, while some are also descended from more recent immigrants from other European countries and from the Commonwealth. The English people are the source of the English language, the Westminster system, the common law system and numerous major sports such as cricket, football, rugby union, rugby league and tennis. These and other English cultural characteristics have spread worldwide, in part as a result of the former British Empire.

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Ethical egoism

Ethical egoism is the normative ethical position that moral agents ought to do what is in their own self-interest.

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Francis Hare (bishop)

Francis Hare (1671–1740) was an English churchman and classical scholar, bishop of St Asaph from 1727 and bishop of Chichester from 1731.

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Francis Hutcheson (philosopher)

Francis Hutcheson (8 August 1694 – 8 August 1746) was an Irish philosopher born in Ulster to a family of Scottish Presbyterians who became known as one of the founding fathers of the Scottish Enlightenment.

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George II of Great Britain

George II (George Augustus; Georg II.; 30 October / 9 November 1683 – 25 October 1760) was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover) and a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 11 June 1727 (O.S.) until his death in 1760.

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Great Britain

Great Britain, also known as Britain, is a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe.

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Henry Sidgwick

Henry Sidgwick (31 May 1838 – 28 August 1900) was an English utilitarian philosopher and economist; he held the Knightbridge Professor of Moral Philosophy from the year 1883 until his death.

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Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy

The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (IEP) is a scholarly online encyclopedia, dealing with philosophy, philosophical topics, and philosophers.

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Jeremy Bentham

Jeremy Bentham (15 February 1748 – 6 June 1832) was an English philosopher, jurist, and social reformer regarded as the founder of modern utilitarianism.

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John Conybeare

John Conybeare DD (31 January 1692 – 13 July 1755) was Bishop of Bristol and one of the most notable theologians of the 18th century.

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John Henry Newman

John Henry Newman, (21 February 1801 – 11 August 1890) was a poet and theologian, first an Anglican priest and later a Catholic priest and cardinal, who was an important and controversial figure in the religious history of England in the 19th century.

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John Locke

John Locke (29 August 1632 – 28 October 1704) was an English philosopher and physician, widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and commonly known as the "Father of Liberalism".

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John Toland

John Toland (30 November 1670 – 11 March 1722) was an Irish rationalist philosopher and freethinker, and occasional satirist, who wrote numerous books and pamphlets on political philosophy and philosophy of religion, which are early expressions of the philosophy of the Age of Enlightenment.

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John Warwick Montgomery

John Warwick Montgomery is a noted lawyer, professor, Lutheran theologian, and prolific author living in France.

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Josiah Tucker

Josiah Tucker (also Josias) (December 1713 – 4 November 1799), also known as Dean Tucker, was a Welsh churchman, known as an economist and political writer.

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Kingsmead Square, Bath

Kingsmead Square in Bath, Somerset, England was laid out by John Strahan in the 1730s.

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Lambeth Palace

Lambeth Palace is the official London residence of the Archbishop of Canterbury in England, in north Lambeth, on the south bank of the River Thames, 400 yards south-east of the Palace of Westminster, which houses the Houses of Parliament, on the opposite bank.

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Lancelot Blackburne

No description.

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Lectionary 189

Lectionary 189, designated by siglum ℓ 189 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering) is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment leaves.

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Matthew Tindal

Matthew Tindal (1657 – 16 August 1733) was an eminent English deist author.

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Oriel College, Oxford

Oriel CollegeOxford University Calendar 2005–2006 (2005) p.323 has the corporate designation as "The Provost and Scholars of the House of the Blessed Mary the Virgin in Oxford, commonly called Oriel College, of the Foundation of Edward the Second of famous memory, sometime King of England", p324 has people — Oxford University Press.

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Oxford

Oxford is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire.

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Oxfordshire

Oxfordshire (abbreviated Oxon, from Oxonium, the Latin name for Oxford) is a county in South East England.

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Personal identity

In philosophy, the matter of personal identity deals with such questions as, "What makes it true that a person at one time is the same thing as a person at another time?" or "What kinds of things are we persons?" Generally, personal identity is the unique numerical identity of a person in the course of time.

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Philosopher

A philosopher is someone who practices philosophy, which involves rational inquiry into areas that are outside either theology or science.

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Plato

Plato (Πλάτων Plátōn, in Classical Attic; 428/427 or 424/423 – 348/347 BC) was a philosopher in Classical Greece and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world.

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Presbyterianism

Presbyterianism is a part of the reformed tradition within Protestantism which traces its origins to Britain, particularly Scotland, and Ireland.

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Rector (ecclesiastical)

A rector is, in an ecclesiastical sense, a cleric who functions as an administrative leader in some Christian denominations.

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Richard Trevor (bishop)

Richard Trevor (30 September 1707 – 9 June 1771) was an English prelate, who served as Bishop of St David's from 1744 to 1752 and Bishop of Durham from 1752 until his death.

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Samuel Clarke

Samuel Clarke (11 October 1675 – 17 May 1729) was an English philosopher and Anglican clergyman.

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Samuel Jones (academy tutor)

Samuel Jones (1681/2–1719) was an English Dissenter and educator, known for founding a significant Dissenting academy at Tewkesbury.

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Somerset

Somerset (or archaically, Somersetshire) is a county in South West England which borders Gloucestershire and Bristol to the north, Wiltshire to the east, Dorset to the south-east and Devon to the south-west.

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St James's Church, Piccadilly

St James's Church, Piccadilly, also known as St James's Church, Westminster, and St James-in-the-Fields, is an Anglican church on Piccadilly in the centre of London, United Kingdom.

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Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (SEP) combines an online encyclopedia of philosophy with peer-reviewed publication of original papers in philosophy, freely accessible to Internet users.

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Stanhope, County Durham

Stanhope (pronounced in the regional dialect "Stanup") is a small market town in County Durham, England.

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The Reverend

The Reverend is an honorific style most often placed before the names of Christian clergy and ministers.

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The Right Reverend

The Right Reverend (abbreviations: The Rt Revd; The Rt Rev'd; The Rt Rev.) is a style applied to certain religious figures.

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Theology

Theology is the critical study of the nature of the divine.

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Thomas Gooch

Sir Thomas Gooch, 2nd Baronet (1674–1754) was an English bishop.

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Thomas Hobbes

Thomas Hobbes (5 April 1588 – 4 December 1679), in some older texts Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, was an English philosopher who is considered one of the founders of modern political philosophy.

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Thomas Reid

Thomas Reid DD FRSE (26 April 1710 – 7 October 1796) was a religiously-trained British philosopher, a contemporary of David Hume as well as "Hume's earliest and fiercest critic".

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Thomas Secker

Thomas Secker (21 September 1693 – 3 August 1768) was the Archbishop of Canterbury in the Church of England.

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Wantage

Wantage is a historic market town and civil parish in the ceremonial county of Oxfordshire, England.

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Will Durant

William James "Will" Durant (November 5, 1885 – November 7, 1981) was an American writer, historian, and philosopher.

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William Lucas Collins

Rev William Lucas Collins (baptised 23 May 1815 – 24 March 1887) was a Church of England priest and essayist.

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William Paley

William Paley (July 1743 – 25 May 1805) was an English clergyman, Christian apologist, philosopher, and utilitarian.

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William Talbot (bishop)

William Talbot (1658 – 10 October 1730) was an English Anglican bishop.

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Redirects here:

Analogy of Religion, Natural and Revealed, Butler's Analogy, Butler's Analogy, or Philosophical Evidences of Christianity, Butler, Joseph.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Butler

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