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Judiciary Act of 1789

Index Judiciary Act of 1789

The Judiciary Act of 1789 (ch. 20) was a United States federal statute adopted on September 24, 1789, in the first session of the First United States Congress. [1]

85 relations: Admiralty, Admiralty law, Alien (law), Alien Tort Statute, Anti-Administration party, Article Three of the United States Constitution, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, Case citation, Chief Justice of the United States, Columbia University Press, Common law, Connecticut, Constitutionality, Delaware, Diversity jurisdiction, Edmund Randolph, Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Eleventh Amendment to the United States Constitution, Encyclopædia Britannica, Equity (law), Federal Judicial Center, Federal judiciary of the United States, Federal question jurisdiction, Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution, George Washington, Georgia (U.S. state), Habeas Corpus Act 1867, International law, James Iredell, James Wilson, John Blair Jr., John Jay, John Rutledge, Judge, Judicial Circuits Act, Judiciary Act of 1802, Judiciary Act of 1869, Judiciary Act of 1891, Judiciary Act of 1925, Jurisdiction, Kentucky, Lawsuit, Library of Congress, List of courts of the United States, List of federal judges appointed by George Washington, List of United States treaties, Maine, Mandamus, Marbury v. Madison, Maryland, ..., Massachusetts, Midnight Judges Act, National Archives and Records Administration, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York (state), North Carolina, Oliver Ellsworth, Original jurisdiction, Pennsylvania, Pro se legal representation in the United States, Rhode Island, Richard Henry Lee, Robert H. Harrison, South Carolina, State court (United States), Statute, Supreme court, Supreme Court of the United States, Tort, Tyrant, United States Attorney, United States Attorney General, United States Bill of Rights, United States circuit court, United States Constitution, United States courts of appeals, United States district court, United States House of Representatives, United States Marshals Service, United States Senate, Virginia, West Virginia, William Cushing, 1st United States Congress. Expand index (35 more) »

Admiralty

The Admiralty, originally known as the Office of the Admiralty and Marine Affairs, was the government department responsible for the command of the Royal Navy firstly in the Kingdom of England, secondly in the Kingdom of Great Britain, and from 1801 to 1964, the United Kingdom and former British Empire.

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Admiralty law

Admiralty law or maritime law is a body of law that governs nautical issues and private maritime disputes.

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Alien (law)

In law, an alien is a person who is not a national of a given country, though definitions and terminology differ to some degree.

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Alien Tort Statute

The Alien Tort Statute (ATS), also called the Alien Tort Claims Act (ATCA), is a section of the United States Code that reads: "The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of any civil action by an alien for a tort only, committed in violation of the law of nations or a treaty of the United States." Since 1980, courts have interpreted this statute to allow foreign citizens to seek remedies in U.S. courts for human-rights violations for conduct committed outside the United States.

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Anti-Administration party

The Anti-Administration party (1789–1792) was an informal faction led by James Madison and Thomas Jefferson that opposed policies of then Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton in the first term (1789–1792) of President George Washington.

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Article Three of the United States Constitution

Article Three of the United States Constitution establishes the judicial branch of the federal government.

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Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States

Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States are the members of the Supreme Court of the United States other than the Chief Justice of the United States.

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Case citation

Case citation is a system used by legal professionals to identify past court case decisions, either in series of books called reporters or law reports, or in a neutral style that identifies a decision regardless of where it is reported.

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Chief Justice of the United States

The Chief Justice of the United States is the chief judge of the Supreme Court of the United States and thus the head of the United States federal court system, which functions as the judicial branch of the nation's federal government.

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Columbia University Press

Columbia University Press is a university press based in New York City, and affiliated with Columbia University.

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Common law

Common law (also known as judicial precedent or judge-made law, or case law) is that body of law derived from judicial decisions of courts and similar tribunals.

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Connecticut

Connecticut is the southernmost state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.

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Constitutionality

Constitutionality is the condition of acting in accordance with an applicable constitution; the status of a law, a procedure, or an act's accordance with the laws or guidelines set forth in the applicable constitution.

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Delaware

Delaware is one of the 50 states of the United States, in the Mid-Atlantic or Northeastern region.

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Diversity jurisdiction

In the law of the United States, diversity jurisdiction is a form of subject-matter jurisdiction in civil procedure in which a United States district court in the federal judiciary has the power to hear a civil case when the amount in controversy exceeds $75,000 and where the persons that are parties are "diverse" in citizenship or state of incorporation (for corporations being legal persons), which generally indicates that they differ in state and/or nationality.

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Edmund Randolph

Edmund Jennings Randolph (August 10, 1753 September 12, 1813) was an American attorney and politician.

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Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution

The Eighth Amendment (Amendment VIII) of the United States Constitution prohibits the federal government from imposing excessive bail, excessive fines, or cruel and unusual punishments.

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Eleventh Amendment to the United States Constitution

The Eleventh Amendment (Amendment XI) to the United States Constitution, which was passed by Congress on March 4, 1794, and ratified by the states on February 7, 1795, deals with each state's sovereign immunity and was adopted to overrule the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Chisholm v. Georgia,.

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Encyclopædia Britannica

The Encyclopædia Britannica (Latin for "British Encyclopaedia"), published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.

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Equity (law)

In jurisdictions following the English common law system, equity is the body of law which was developed in the English Court of Chancery and which is now administered concurrently with the common law.

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Federal Judicial Center

The Federal Judicial Center is the education and research agency of the United States federal courts.

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Federal judiciary of the United States

The federal judiciary of the United States is one of the three co-equal branches of the federal government of the United States organized under the United States Constitution and laws of the federal government.

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Federal question jurisdiction

In United States law, federal question jurisdiction is the subject-matter jurisdiction of United States federal courts to hear a civil case because the plaintiff has alleged a violation of the United States Constitution, federal law, or a treaty to which the United States is a party.

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Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution

The Fourth Amendment (Amendment IV) to the United States Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights that prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures.

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George Washington

George Washington (February 22, 1732 –, 1799), known as the "Father of His Country," was an American soldier and statesman who served from 1789 to 1797 as the first President of the United States.

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Georgia (U.S. state)

Georgia is a state in the Southeastern United States.

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Habeas Corpus Act 1867

The Habeas Corpus Act of 1867 (sess. ii, chap. 28) is an act of Congress that significantly expanded the jurisdiction of federal courts to issue writs of habeas corpus.

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International law

International law is the set of rules generally regarded and accepted as binding in relations between states and between nations.

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James Iredell

James Iredell (October 5, 1751 – October 20, 1799) was one of the first Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States.

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James Wilson

James Wilson (September 14, 1742 – August 21, 1798) was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and a signatory of the United States Declaration of Independence and the United States Constitution.

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John Blair Jr.

John Blair Jr. (April 17, 1732 – August 31, 1800) was an American politician, Founding Father and jurist.

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John Jay

John Jay (December 12, 1745 – May 17, 1829) was an American statesman, Patriot, diplomat, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, negotiator and signatory of the Treaty of Paris of 1783, second Governor of New York, and the first Chief Justice of the United States (1789–1795).

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John Rutledge

John Rutledge (September 17, 1739 – July 23, 1800) was the second Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States and the first Governor of South Carolina after the Declaration of Independence.

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Judge

A judge is a person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as a part of a panel of judges.

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Judicial Circuits Act

The Judicial Circuits Act of 1866 (ch. 210) reorganized the United States circuit courts and provided for the gradual elimination of several seats on the Supreme Court of the United States.

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Judiciary Act of 1802

The United States Judiciary Act of 1802 (2 Stat.) was a Federal statute, enacted on April 29, 1802, to reorganize the federal court system.

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Judiciary Act of 1869

The Judiciary Act of 1869 (16 Stat.), also called the Circuit Judges Act of 1869, is a United States statute that stipulated that the makeup of the United States Supreme Court would consist of the Chief Justice and eight associate justices, any six of whom would constitute a quorum.

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Judiciary Act of 1891

The Judiciary Act of 1891, also known as the Evarts Act after its primary sponsor, Senator William M. Evarts, created the United States courts of appeals, and reassigned the jurisdiction of most routine appeals from the district and circuit courts to these appellate courts.

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Judiciary Act of 1925

The Judiciary Act of 1925 (43 Stat. 936), also known as the Judge's Bill or Certiorari Act, was an act of the United States Congress that sought to reduce the workload of the Supreme Court of the United States.

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Jurisdiction

Jurisdiction (from the Latin ius, iuris meaning "law" and dicere meaning "to speak") is the practical authority granted to a legal body to administer justice within a defined field of responsibility, e.g., Michigan tax law.

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Kentucky

Kentucky, officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky, is a state located in the east south-central region of the United States.

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Lawsuit

A lawsuit (or suit in law) is "a vernacular term for a suit, action, or cause instituted or depending between two private persons in the courts of law." A lawsuit is any proceeding by a party or parties against another in a court of law.

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Library of Congress

The Library of Congress (LOC) is the research library that officially serves the United States Congress and is the de facto national library of the United States.

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List of courts of the United States

The courts of the United States are closely linked hierarchical systems of courts at the federal and state levels.

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List of federal judges appointed by George Washington

United States President George Washington appointed 39 Article III United States federal judges during his presidency,Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, passim.

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List of United States treaties

This is a list of treaties to which the United States has been a party or which have had direct relevance to U.S. history.

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Maine

Maine is a U.S. state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.

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Mandamus

Mandamus (Latin "we command") is a judicial remedy in the form of an order from a superior court, to any government, subordinate court, corporation, or public authority, to do (or forbear from doing) some specific act which that body is obliged under law to do (or refrain from doing), and which is in the nature of public duty, and in certain cases one of a statutory duty.

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Marbury v. Madison

Marbury v. Madison,, was a U.S. Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in the United States, so that American courts have the power to strike down laws, statutes, and executive actions that contravene the U.S. Constitution.

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Maryland

Maryland is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia, and Washington, D.C. to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware to its east.

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Massachusetts

Massachusetts, officially known as the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is the most populous state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.

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Midnight Judges Act

The Midnight Judges Act (also known as the Judiciary Act of 1801;, and officially An act to provide for the more convenient organization of the Courts of the United States) represented an effort to solve an issue in the U.S. Supreme Court during the early 19th century.

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National Archives and Records Administration

The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an independent agency of the United States government charged with preserving and documenting government and historical records and with increasing public access to those documents, which comprise the National Archives.

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New Hampshire

New Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.

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New Jersey

New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the Northeastern United States.

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New York (state)

New York is a state in the northeastern United States.

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North Carolina

North Carolina is a U.S. state in the southeastern region of the United States.

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Oliver Ellsworth

Oliver Ellsworth (April 29, 1745 – November 26, 1807) was an American lawyer, judge, politician, and diplomat.

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Original jurisdiction

The original jurisdiction of a court is the power to hear a case for the first time, as opposed to appellate jurisdiction, when a higher court has the power to review a lower court's decision.

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Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania German: Pennsylvaani or Pennsilfaani), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state located in the northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.

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Pro se legal representation in the United States

Pro se legal representation comes from Latin, literally meaning "on behalf of themselves", which basically means advocating on one's own behalf before a court, rather than being represented by a lawyer.

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Rhode Island

Rhode Island, officially the State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, is a state in the New England region of the United States.

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Richard Henry Lee

Richard Henry Lee (January 20, 1732June 19, 1794) was an American statesman from Virginia best known for the Lee Resolution, the motion in the Second Continental Congress calling for the colonies' independence from Great Britain.

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Robert H. Harrison

Robert Hanson Harrison (1745 – April 2, 1790) was an American Army officer, attorney, and judge.

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South Carolina

South Carolina is a U.S. state in the southeastern region of the United States.

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State court (United States)

In the United States, a state court has jurisdiction over disputes with some connection to a U.S. state, as opposed to the federal government.

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Statute

A statute is a formal written enactment of a legislative authority that governs a city, state, or country.

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Supreme court

A supreme court is the highest court within the hierarchy of courts in many legal jurisdictions.

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Supreme Court of the United States

The Supreme Court of the United States (sometimes colloquially referred to by the acronym SCOTUS) is the highest federal court of the United States.

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Tort

A tort, in common law jurisdictions, is a civil wrong that causes a claimant to suffer loss or harm resulting in legal liability for the person who commits the tortious act.

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Tyrant

A tyrant (Greek τύραννος, tyrannos), in the modern English usage of the word, is an absolute ruler unrestrained by law or person, or one who has usurped legitimate sovereignty.

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United States Attorney

United States Attorneys (also known as chief federal prosecutors and, historically, as United States District Attorneys) represent the United States federal government in United States district courts and United States courts of appeals.

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United States Attorney General

The United States Attorney General (A.G.) is the head of the United States Department of Justice per, concerned with all legal affairs, and is the chief lawyer of the United States government.

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United States Bill of Rights

The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution.

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United States circuit court

The United States circuit courts were the original intermediate level courts of the United States federal court system.

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United States Constitution

The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States.

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United States courts of appeals

The United States courts of appeals or circuit courts are the intermediate appellate courts of the United States federal court system.

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United States district court

The United States district courts are the general trial courts of the United States federal court system.

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United States House of Representatives

The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, the Senate being the upper chamber.

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United States Marshals Service

The United States Marshals Service (USMS) is a federal law-enforcement agency within the U.S. Department of Justice.

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United States Senate

The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, which along with the United States House of Representatives—the lower chamber—comprise the legislature of the United States.

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Virginia

Virginia (officially the Commonwealth of Virginia) is a state in the Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States located between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains.

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West Virginia

West Virginia is a state located in the Appalachian region of the Southern United States.

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William Cushing

William Cushing (March 1, 1732 – September 13, 1810) was one of the original six associate justices of the United States Supreme Court, from September 27, 1789, until his death.

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1st United States Congress

The First United States Congress, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives, met from March 4, 1789, to March 4, 1791, during the first two years of George Washington's presidency, first at Federal Hall in New York City and later at Congress Hall in Philadelphia.

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Redirects here:

First Judiciary Act of 1789, Judicary act of 1789, Judiciary Act 1789, Judiciary Act 1789 (US), Judiciary act of 1789, The judiciary act of 1789.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judiciary_Act_of_1789

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