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Keelung Campaign

Index Keelung Campaign

The Keelung Campaign (August 1884–April 1885) was a controversial military campaign undertaken by the French in northern Formosa (Taiwan) during the Sino-French War. After making a botched attack on Keelung in August 1884, the French landed an expeditionary corps of 2,000 men and captured the port in October 1884. Unable to advance beyond their bridgehead, they were invested inside Keelung by superior Chinese forces under the command of the imperial commissioner Liu Mingchuan. In November and December 1884 cholera and typhoid drained the strength of the French expeditionary corps, while reinforcements for the Chinese army flowed into Formosa via the Pescadores Islands, raising its strength to 35,000 men by the end of the war. Reinforced in January 1885 to a strength of 4,500 men, the French won two impressive tactical victories against the besieging Chinese in late January and early March 1885, but were not strong enough to exploit these victories. The Keelung campaign ended in April 1885 in a strategic and tactical stalemate. The campaign was criticised at the time by Admiral Amédée Courbet, the commander of the French Far East Squadron, as strategically irrelevant and a wasteful diversion of the French navy. [1]

82 relations: Amédée Courbet, Battle of Fuzhou, Battle of Tamsui, Battle of Yu Oc, Bắc Lệ ambush, Bắc Ninh Campaign, Chinese language, Cholera, Congreve rocket, Empire of Japan, Enfilade and defilade, Far East Squadron, First Battle of the Marne, Flag of France, Foochow Arsenal, French colonial empire, French ironclad Bayard, French language, French Third Republic, Fujian Fleet, Fuzhou, Gapsin Coup, Geography of Taiwan, George Leslie Mackay, History of the French Navy, Hotchkiss gun, Hsinchu, Imperial Japanese Navy, Jacques Duchesne, James Paris Lee, James W. Davidson, Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1874), Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1895), Joseph Joffre, Jules Ferry, Jules Patenôtre des Noyers, Kaohsiung, Keelung, Krupp, Krupp gun, List of Marshals of France, Liu Mingchuan, Liu Yongfu, Lungshan Temple of Manka, Madagascar, Magong, Mauser Model 1871, Military campaign, Military strategy, Penghu, ..., Pescadores Campaign, Pinyin, Qing dynasty, Ranks in the French Navy, Retreat from Lạng Sơn, Sébastien Lespès, Siege of Tourane, Siege of Tuyên Quang, Simplified Chinese characters, Sino-French War, Sun Kaihua, Tainan, Taipeh Prefecture, Taipei, Taiping Rebellion, Taiwan, Tamsui District, Tōgō Heihachirō, Tientsin Accord, Tonkin, Tonkin Campaign, Tonkin Expeditionary Corps, Traditional Chinese characters, Troupes de marine, Twatutia, Typhoid fever, Uhrshawan Battery, Wade–Giles, Winchester rifle, World War I, Xizhi District, Yilan City. Expand index (32 more) »

Amédée Courbet

Anatole-Amédée-Prosper Courbet (26 June 1827 – 11 June 1885) was a French admiral who won a series of important land and naval victories during the Tonkin campaign (1883–86) and the Sino-French War (August 1884–April 1885).

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Battle of Fuzhou

The Battle of Fuzhou, or Battle of Foochow, also known as the Battle of the Pagoda Anchorage (French: Combat naval de Fou-Tchéou, Chinese:, 馬江之役 or 馬尾海戰, literally Battle of Mawei), was the opening engagement of the 16-month Sino-French War (December 1883 – April 1885).

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Battle of Tamsui

The Battle of Tamsui, Danshui, or Hobe (2–8 October 1884) was a significant French defeat by the Qing Dynasty at Tamsui on Taiwan during the Keelung Campaign of the Sino-French War.

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Battle of Yu Oc

The Battle of Yu Oc (19 November 1884) was a French victory during the Sino-French War.

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Bắc Lệ ambush

The Bac Le ambush (guet-apens de Bac-Lé, Vietnamese: trận Bắc Lệ or trận cầu Quan Âm) was a clash during the Tonkin Campaign in June 1884 between Chinese troops of the Guangxi Army and a French column sent to occupy Lang Son and other towns near the Chinese border.

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Bắc Ninh Campaign

The Bắc Ninh Campaign (6–24 March 1884) was one of a series of clashes between French and Chinese forces in northern Vietnam during the Tonkin campaign (1883–86).

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Chinese language

Chinese is a group of related, but in many cases mutually unintelligible, language varieties, forming a branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family.

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Cholera

Cholera is an infection of the small intestine by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.

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Congreve rocket

The Congreve rocket was a British military weapon designed and developed by Sir William Congreve in 1804, based directly on Mysorean rockets.

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Empire of Japan

The was the historical nation-state and great power that existed from the Meiji Restoration in 1868 to the enactment of the 1947 constitution of modern Japan.

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Enfilade and defilade

Enfilade and defilade are concepts in military tactics used to describe a military formation's exposure to enemy fire.

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Far East Squadron

The French Far East Squadron (escadre de l'Extrême-Orient) was an exceptional naval grouping created for the duration of the Sino-French War (August 1884 – April 1885).

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First Battle of the Marne

The Battle of the Marne (Première bataille de la Marne, also known as the Miracle of the Marne, Le Miracle de la Marne) was a World War I battle fought from It resulted in an Allied victory against the German armies in the west.

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Flag of France

The flag of France (Drapeau français) is a tricolour flag featuring three vertical bands coloured blue (hoist side), white, and red.

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Foochow Arsenal

The Foochow Arsenal, also known as the Fuzhou or Mawei Arsenal, was one of several shipyards in Qing China as part of the Self-Strengthening Movement.

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French colonial empire

The French colonial empire constituted the overseas colonies, protectorates and mandate territories that came under French rule from the 16th century onward.

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French ironclad Bayard

The French ironclad Bayard was an early stationary battleship of the French Navy, lead ship of her class.

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French language

French (le français or la langue française) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.

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French Third Republic

The French Third Republic (La Troisième République, sometimes written as La IIIe République) was the system of government adopted in France from 1870 when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War until 1940 when France's defeat by Nazi Germany in World War II led to the formation of the Vichy government in France.

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Fujian Fleet

The Fujian Fleet founded in 1678 as the Fujian Marine Fleet was one of China's four regional fleets during the closing decades of the nineteenth century.

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Fuzhou

Fuzhou, formerly romanized as Foochow, is the capital and one of the largest cities in Fujian province, China.

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Gapsin Coup

The Gapsin Coup, also known as the Gapsin Revolution, was a failed three-day coup d'état during 1884 in Korea.

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Geography of Taiwan

Taiwan, formerly known as Formosa, is an island in East Asia; located some off the southeastern coast of mainland China across the Taiwan Strait.

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George Leslie Mackay

George Leslie Mackay (or Má-kai; 21 March 1844 – 2 June 1901, aged 57) was the first Presbyterian missionary to northern Formosa (Qing-era Taiwan).

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History of the French Navy

Although the History of the French Navy goes back to the Middle Ages, its history can be said to effectively begin with Richelieu under Louis XIII.

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Hotchkiss gun

The Hotchkiss gun can refer to different products of the Hotchkiss arms company starting in the late 19th century.

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Hsinchu

Hsinchu officially known as Hsinchu City, is a provincial city in northern Taiwan.

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Imperial Japanese Navy

The Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN; Kyūjitai: 大日本帝國海軍 Shinjitai: 大日本帝国海軍 or 日本海軍 Nippon Kaigun, "Navy of the Greater Japanese Empire") was the navy of the Empire of Japan from 1868 until 1945, when it was dissolved following Japan's defeat and surrender in World War II.

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Jacques Duchesne

General Jacques Charles René Achille Duchesne (3 March 1837 – 27 April 1918) was a 19th-century French military officer.

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James Paris Lee

James Paris Lee (9 August 1831 – 24 February 1904) was a British and later American inventor and arms designer, best known for inventing the action and magazine used in the Lee–Metford and Lee–Enfield series of rifles.

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James W. Davidson

James Wheeler Davidson (14 June 1872 – 18 July 1933) was an explorer, writer, United States diplomat, businessman and philanthropist.

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Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1874)

The Japanese punitive expedition to Taiwan in 1874, referred to in Japan as the and in Taiwan and mainland China as the Mudan incident, was a punitive expedition launched by the Japanese in retaliation for the murder of 54 Ryukyuan sailors by Paiwan aborigines near the southwestern tip of Taiwan in December 1871.

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Japanese invasion of Taiwan (1895)

The Japanese invasion of Taiwan (May–October 1895) was a conflict between the Empire of Japan and the armed forces of the short-lived Republic of Formosa following the Qing Dynasty's cession of Taiwan to Japan in April 1895 at the end of the First Sino-Japanese War.

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Joseph Joffre

Marshal Joseph Jacques Césaire Joffre (12 January 1852 – 3 January 1931), was a French general who served as Commander-in-Chief of French forces on the Western Front from the start of World War I until the end of 1916.

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Jules Ferry

Jules François Camille Ferry (5 April 183217 March 1893) was a French statesman and republican.

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Jules Patenôtre des Noyers

Jules Patenôtre des Noyers (April 20, 1845 – December 26, 1925) was a French diplomat.

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Kaohsiung

Kaohsiung City (Hokkien POJ: Ko-hiông; Hakka: Kô-hiùng; old names: Takao, Takow, Takau) is a special municipality located in southern-western Taiwan and facing the Taiwan Strait.

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Keelung

Keelung, officially known as Keelung City, is a major port city situated in the northeastern part of Taiwan.

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Krupp

The Krupp family (see pronunciation), a prominent 400-year-old German dynasty from Essen, became famous for their production of steel, artillery, ammunition, and other armaments.

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Krupp gun

The Krupp gun is a family of artillery pieces that was used by several world armies from the nineteenth century onwards.

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List of Marshals of France

Marshal of France (Maréchal de France, plural Maréchaux de France) is a French military distinction, rather than a military rank, that is awarded to generals for exceptional achievements.

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Liu Mingchuan

Liu Mingchuan (1836–1896), courtesy name Xingsan, was a Chinese official who lived in the mid-Qing dynasty.

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Liu Yongfu

Liu Yongfu (1837–1917) was a Chinese soldier of fortune and commander of the celebrated Black Flag Army.

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Lungshan Temple of Manka

Lungshan Temple of Manka is a Chinese folk religious temple in Wanhua District, Taipei, Taiwan.

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Madagascar

Madagascar (Madagasikara), officially the Republic of Madagascar (Repoblikan'i Madagasikara; République de Madagascar), and previously known as the Malagasy Republic, is an island country in the Indian Ocean, off the coast of East Africa.

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Magong

Magong, formerly romanized as Makung, is a county-controlled city and seat of Penghu, Taiwan.

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Mauser Model 1871

The Mauser Model 1871 adopted as the Gewehr 71 or Infanterie-Gewehr 71, or "Infantry Rifle 71" ("I.G.Mod.71" was stamped on the rifles themselves) was the first rifle model in a distinguished line designed and manufactured by Paul Mauser and Wilhelm Mauser of the Mauser company and later mass-produced at Spandau arsenal.

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Military campaign

The term military campaign applies to large scale, long duration, significant military strategy plans incorporating a series of inter-related military operations or battles forming a distinct part of a larger conflict often called a war.

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Military strategy

Military strategy is a set of ideas implemented by military organizations to pursue desired strategic goals.

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Penghu

The Penghu or Pescadores Islands are an archipelago of 90 islands and islets in the Taiwan Strait.

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Pescadores Campaign

The Pescadores Campaign which took place in late March, 1885, was one of the last campaigns of the Sino-French War (August 1884–April 1885).

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Pinyin

Hanyu Pinyin Romanization, often abbreviated to pinyin, is the official romanization system for Standard Chinese in mainland China and to some extent in Taiwan.

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Qing dynasty

The Qing dynasty, also known as the Qing Empire, officially the Great Qing, was the last imperial dynasty of China, established in 1636 and ruling China from 1644 to 1912.

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Ranks in the French Navy

The rank insignia of the French Navy (Marine Nationale) are worn on shoulder straps of shirts and white jackets, and on sleeves for navy jackets and mantels.

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Retreat from Lạng Sơn

The Retreat from Lang Son (retraite de Lang-Son) was a controversial French strategic withdrawal in Tonkin at the end of March 1885 that brought down the government of the French premier Jules Ferry and brought the Sino-French War (August 1884 to April 1885) to an end in circumstances of considerable embarrassment for France.

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Sébastien Lespès

Sébastien-Nicolas-Joachim Lespès (13 March 1828 – 24 August 1897) was a French admiral who played an important role in naval operations during the Sino-French War (August 1884–April 1885), as second-in-command of Admiral Amédée Courbet's Far East Squadron.

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Siege of Tourane

The Siege of Tourane (September 1858–March 1860) was a Vietnamese victory during the Cochinchina Campaign, a punitive campaign against the Vietnamese launched by France and Spain in 1858.

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Siege of Tuyên Quang

The Siege of Tuyen Quang was an important confrontation between the French and the Chinese armies in Tonkin (northern Vietnam) during the Sino-French War (August 1884 – April 1885).

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Simplified Chinese characters

Simplified Chinese characters are standardized Chinese characters prescribed in the Table of General Standard Chinese Characters for use in mainland China.

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Sino-French War

The Sino-French War (Guerre franco-chinoise, សង្គ្រាមបារាំង-ចិន, Chiến tranh Pháp-Thanh), also known as the Tonkin War and Tonquin War, was a limited conflict fought from August 1884 through April 1885, to decide whether France would supplant China's control of Tonkin (northern Vietnam).

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Sun Kaihua

Sun Kaihua (died 1893) was a military student of Hunan, who joined Bao Chao's army and fought bravely against the Taiping and Nien rebels, receiving many wounds.

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Tainan

Tainan (Hokkien POJ: Tâi-lâm), officially Tainan City, is a special municipality of Taiwan, facing the Formosan Strait or Taiwan Strait in the west and south.

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Taipeh Prefecture

Taipeh Prefecture was a Qing dynasty prefecture created from the northern part of Taiwan Prefecture, Qing-era Taiwan in 1875, while the island was still part of Fujian Province.

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Taipei

Taipei, officially known as Taipei City, is the capital and a special municipality of Taiwan (officially known as the Republic of China, "ROC").

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Taiping Rebellion

The Taiping Rebellion, also known as the Taiping Civil War or the Taiping Revolution, was a massive rebellion or total civil war in China that was waged from 1850 to 1864 between the established Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom under Hong Xiuquan.

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Taiwan

Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a state in East Asia.

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Tamsui District

Tamsui also Danshui is a sea-side district in New Taipei, Taiwan.

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Tōgō Heihachirō

Marshal-Admiral The Marquis Tōgō Heihachirō, OM, GCVO (東郷 平八郎; 27 January 184830 May 1934), was a gensui or admiral of the fleet in the Imperial Japanese Navy and one of Japan's greatest naval heroes.

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Tientsin Accord

The Tientsin Accord or Li–Fournier Convention, concluded on 11 May 1884, was intended to settle an undeclared war between France and China over the sovereignty of Tonkin (northern Vietnam).

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Tonkin

Tonkin (historically Đàng Ngoài), also spelled Tongkin, Tonquin or Tongking, is in the Red River Delta Region of northern Vietnam.

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Tonkin Campaign

The Tonkin Campaign was an armed conflict fought between June 1883 and April 1886 by the French against, variously, the Vietnamese, Liu Yongfu's Black Flag Army and the Chinese Guangxi and Yunnan armies to occupy Tonkin (northern Vietnam) and entrench a French protectorate there.

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Tonkin Expeditionary Corps

The Tonkin Expeditionary Corps (corps expéditionnaire du Tonkin) was an important French military command based in northern Vietnam (Tonkin) from June 1883 to April 1886.

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Traditional Chinese characters

Traditional Chinese characters (Pinyin) are Chinese characters in any character set that does not contain newly created characters or character substitutions performed after 1946.

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Troupes de marine

The Troupe de marine (TDM) are a corps of the French Army which regroups several specialties: infantry, artillery, armoured and airborne.

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Twatutia

Twatutia (a transliteration of the Taiwanese Hokkien Tōa-tiū-tiâⁿ), is an area in Datong District, Taipei, Taiwan.

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Typhoid fever

Typhoid fever, also known simply as typhoid, is a bacterial infection due to ''Salmonella'' typhi that causes symptoms.

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Uhrshawan Battery

Uhrshawan Battery, or better known as Tenable Gate of the Sea is a battery emplacements camp in Zhongzheng District, Keelung, Taiwan.

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Wade–Giles

Wade–Giles, sometimes abbreviated Wade, is a Romanization system for Mandarin Chinese.

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Winchester rifle

Winchester rifle is a comprehensive term describing a series of lever-action repeating rifles manufactured by the Winchester Repeating Arms Company.

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World War I

World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.

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Xizhi District

Xizhi is an inner city district in New Taipei City in northern Taiwan.

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Yilan City

Yilan City is a city and the county seat of Yilan County, Taiwan.

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Redirects here:

Jilong Campaign.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keelung_Campaign

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