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Kosovo

Index Kosovo

Kosovo (Kosova or Kosovë; Косово) is a partially recognised state and disputed territory in Southeastern Europe that declared independence from Serbia in February 2008 as the Republic of Kosovo (Republika e Kosovës; Република Косово / Republika Kosovo). [1]

630 relations: Abdullah Gërguri, Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film, Accession of Kosovo to the European Union, Administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire, Adnan Januzaj, Adriatic Sea, Aegean Sea, Ahtisaari Plan, Albania, Albania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2012, Albania national football team, Albania–Kosovo relations, Albanian cuisine, Albanian diaspora, Albanian language, Albanian National Awakening, Albanians, Aleksandar Ranković, Alpine climate, Anđelka Tomašević, Anna Komnene, Armed Forces of Serbia and Montenegro, Armed forces of the Principality of Serbia, Arsenije III Čarnojević, Arta Dobroshi, Arvanites, Aska (group), Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo, Austria-Hungary, Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija, Ayran, Azerbaijan, Çifteli, Đeravica, Šar Mountains, Štip, Šumadija and Western Serbia, B92, Bachelor's degree, Bajram Rexhepi, Baklava, Balkan mixed forests, Balkan Wars, Balkans, Banjska Monastery, Basketball, Basketball Federation of Kosovo, Battle of Kosovo, Bauxite, ..., Börek, BBC News, BBC News Online, Bekim Fehmiu, Bektashi Order, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Belgrade, Belgrade–Pristina negotiations, Bern, Bird, Birth rate, Bjeshkët e Nemuna National Park, Black Sea, Bogë, Kosovo, Boreal Kingdom, Bosniaks, Bosniaks in Kosovo, Bosnian language, Bosnian War, Boxing, Branković dynasty, Brazil, Brezovica, Kosovo, Bronze Age, Bronze Age Europe, Brown bear, Brown University, Brussels Agreement (2013), Bulgaria, Bulgarian Empire, Byzantine architecture, Byzantine Empire, Cabbage, Canyon, Carla Del Ponte, Catholic Church in Kosovo, Celtic settlement of Eastern Europe, Central Europe, Central European Free Trade Agreement, Central European Summer Time, Central European Time, Central Powers, Chairman of the Assembly of Kosovo, Chardonnay, Christianity in Kosovo, Christianization, Christmas, Circumboreal Region, Civil disobedience, Classical antiquity, Classical music in Kosovo, Cobalt, Cold War, Collective action, Common blackbird, Community of Serb Municipalities, Constantinople, Constituent state, Constitution Day, Constitution of Kosovo, Constitutional Court of Kosovo, Continental climate, Council of Europe, Council of Europe Development Bank, Crêpe, Crimes against humanity, Croatian language, Cucumber, Dardani, Dardania (Roman province), Dayton Agreement, Deçan, Deer, Dejan Musli, Democratic League of Kosovo, Democratic Party of Kosovo, Demographic history of Kosovo, Demographics of Kosovo, Desivojca, Deutsche Bundesbank, Dinaric Alps, Diplomatic rank, Diplomatic recognition, District of Ferizaj, District of Gjakova, District of Gjilan, District of Mitrovica, District of Peć, District of Pristina, District of Prizren, Districts of Kosovo, Doctor of Philosophy, Dokufest, Drin River, Dua Lipa, Dukagjini family, Durrës, Durrës-Kukës Highway, E!, Easter, Eastern imperial eagle, Economy of Kosovo, Ecoregion, Eid al-Adha, Eid al-Fitr, Electrical energy in Kosovo, Elez Han, Ellipsis (linguistics), Encyclopædia Britannica, Endangered species, Engjëll Berisha, English language, Enver Hoxha, Era Istrefi, Esat Valla, Ethnic cleansing, Ethnic nationalism, Euro, Euro sign, Europe, Europe (anthem), Europe Day, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, European Centre for Minority Issues, European Commission, European Games, European route E65, European route E75, European route E80, European Union, European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo, Eurovision Song Contest, Eurovision Song Contest 1982, Eurovision Song Contest 2012, Eurovision Song Contest 2017, Eurozone, Executive (government), Expulsion of the Albanians 1877–1878, Fahrudin Jusufi, Faruk Begolli, Fatmir Sejdiu, FC Prishtina, Ferizaj, FIBA, Financial crisis of 2007–2008, First Balkan War, First Bulgarian Empire, Flia, Flora, Football, Football at the 1960 Summer Olympics, Football Federation of Kosovo, Foreign direct investment, Foreign relations of Kosovo, Fox, Frank G. 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Abdullah Gërguri

Abdullah Gërguri (1931–1994) was a Kosovo Albanian artist in restoration and conservation of the icons and frescoes.

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Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film

The Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film is one of the Academy Awards handed out annually by the U.S.-based Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).

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Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film

This name for the Academy Award for Live Action Short Film was introduced in 1974.

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Accession of Kosovo to the European Union

Accession of Kosovo to the European Union (EU) is on the current agenda for future enlargement of the EU and Kosovo is recognized by the EU as a potential candidate for accession.

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Administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire

The administrative divisions of the Ottoman Empire were administrative divisions of the state organisation of the Ottoman Empire.

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Adnan Januzaj

Adnan Januzaj (born 5 February 1995) is a Belgian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Spanish club Real Sociedad.

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Adriatic Sea

The Adriatic Sea is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan peninsula.

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Aegean Sea

The Aegean Sea (Αιγαίο Πέλαγος; Ege Denizi) is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea located between the Greek and Anatolian peninsulas, i.e., between the mainlands of Greece and Turkey.

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Ahtisaari Plan

The Ahtisaari Plan, formally the Comprehensive Proposal for the Kosovo Status Settlement (CSP), is a status settlement proposal covering a wide range of issues related to the Kosovo status process for Kosovo.

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Albania

Albania (Shqipëri/Shqipëria; Shqipni/Shqipnia or Shqypni/Shqypnia), officially the Republic of Albania (Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern Europe.

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Albania in the Eurovision Song Contest 2012

Albania participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 in Baku, Azerbaijan.

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Albania national football team

The Albania national football team (Kombëtarja shqiptare e futbollit) is the men's football team that has represented Albania in international competition since 1946.

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Albania–Kosovo relations

Albania–Kosovo relations (Marrëdhëniet Shqiptaro-Kosovare) refer to the current, cultural and historical relations of Albania and Kosovo.

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Albanian cuisine

The Albanian cuisine (—) is a representative of the cuisine of the Mediterranean.

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Albanian diaspora

The Albanian diaspora (Mërgata Shqiptare or Diaspora Shqiptare) refers to the Albanians and their descendants living outside of Albania, including Kosovo and the minorities in Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia.

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Albanian language

Albanian (shqip, or gjuha shqipe) is a language of the Indo-European family, in which it occupies an independent branch.

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Albanian National Awakening

The Albanian National Awakening (Rilindja Kombëtare) (also known as the National Renaissance or National Revival), refers to the period in the history of Albania from the 19th century until the declaration of independence in 1912.

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Albanians

The Albanians (Shqiptarët) are a European ethnic group that is predominantly native to Albania, Kosovo, western Macedonia, southern Serbia, southeastern Montenegro and northwestern Greece, who share a common ancestry, culture and language.

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Aleksandar Ranković

Aleksandar Ranković (nom de guerre Leka; Александар Ранковић Лека; 28 November 1909 – 19 August 1983) was a Yugoslav communist of Serb origin, considered to be the third most powerful man in Yugoslavia after Josip Broz Tito and Edvard Kardelj.

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Alpine climate

Alpine climate is the average weather (climate) for the regions above the tree line.

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Anđelka Tomašević

Anđelka Tomašević (Serbian Cyrillic: Aнђeлка Томашевић; born 6 July 1993) is a Serbian model and beauty pageant titleholder.

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Anna Komnene

Anna Komnene (Ἄννα Κομνηνή, Ánna Komnēnḗ; 1 December 1083 – 1153), commonly latinized as Anna Comnena, was a Byzantine princess, scholar, physician, hospital administrator, and historian.

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Armed Forces of Serbia and Montenegro

The Armed Forces of Serbia and Montenegro (Војска Србије и Црне Горе/Vojska Srbije i Crne Gore; ВСЦГ/VSCG) included ground forces with internal and border troops, naval forces, air and air defense forces, and civil defense.

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Armed forces of the Principality of Serbia

The Military of the Principality of Serbia or Army of the Principality of Serbia (Војска Кнежевине Србије / Vojska Kneževine Srbije), known as the Serbian Military or Serbian Army (Српска војска / Srpska vojska), was the armed forces of the Principality of Serbia.

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Arsenije III Čarnojević

Arsenije III Čarnojević (Арсеније III Чарнојевић, 1633 – 27 October 1706) was the Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch from 1674 to his death in 1706.

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Arta Dobroshi

Arta Dobroshi (born 2 October 1980) is a Kosovo-Albanian actress.

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Arvanites

Arvanites (Αρβανίτες, Arvanítes; Arvanitika: Arbëreshë / Αρbε̰ρεσ̈ε̰ or Arbërorë) are a bilingual population group in Greece who traditionally speak Arvanitika, a dialect of the Albanian language, along with Greek.

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Aska (group)

Aska came to prominence when they were chosen to represent Yugoslavia at the 1982 Eurovision Song Contest, where their song "Halo, halo" only managed to achieve a lacklustre 14th place out of 18 participants with 21 points, although having received the top mark of 12 points from the Swedish jury.

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Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo

The Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo (Kuvendi i Republikës së Kosovës; Скупштина Републике Косово) was originally established by the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo in 2001"" to provide 'provisional, democratic self-government'.

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Austria-Hungary

Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy in English-language sources, was a constitutional union of the Austrian Empire (the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council, or Cisleithania) and the Kingdom of Hungary (Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen or Transleithania) that existed from 1867 to 1918, when it collapsed as a result of defeat in World War I. The union was a result of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and came into existence on 30 March 1867.

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Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija

Kosovo and Metohija (Косово и Метохија / Kosovo i Metohija (КиМ / KiM), Kosova dhe Dukagjini), officially the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija (Аутономна Покрајина Косово и Метохиja / Autonomna Pokrajina Kosovo i Metohija, Krahina Autonome e Kosovës dhe Metohisë), known as short Kosovo (Косово, Kosova) or simply Kosmet (from '''Kos'''ovo and '''Met'''ohija; Serbian Cyrillic: Космет), refers to the region of Kosovo as defined in the Constitution of Serbia.

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Ayran

Ayran (from ayran, ayran, دوغ "doogh", dew) is a cold savory yogurt-based beverage that is mixed with salt.

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Azerbaijan

No description.

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Çifteli

The çifteli (çiftelia, erroneously qifteli, "doubled" or "double stringed") is a plucked string instrument, with only two strings, played mainly by the Gheg people of northern and central Albania, Southern Montenegro, and Kosovo.

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Đeravica

Đeravica or Gjeravica (Gjeravica; Ђеравица) is the second highest mountain peak in the Prokletije mountain range and the Dinaric Alps chain, after Maja Jezercë.

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Šar Mountains

The Šar Mountains (Macedonian and Шар планина, Šar planina) or Sharr Mountains (Malet e Sharrit), form a mountain range in the Balkans that extends from Kosovo and the northwest of the Republic of Macedonia, to northeastern Albania.

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Štip

Štip (Штип) is the largest urban agglomeration in the eastern part of the Republic of Macedonia, serving as the economic, industrial, entertainment and educational focal point for the surrounding municipalities.

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Šumadija and Western Serbia

The Šumadija and Western Serbia (Шумадија и западна Србија / Šumadija i zapadna Srbija) is one of the five statistical regions of Serbia.

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B92

RTV B92 or simply B92, is a Serbian news station and television and radio broadcaster with national coverage headquartered in Belgrade, Serbia.

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Bachelor's degree

A bachelor's degree (from Middle Latin baccalaureus) or baccalaureate (from Modern Latin baccalaureatus) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to seven years (depending on institution and academic discipline).

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Bajram Rexhepi

Bajram Rexhepi (3 June 1954 – 21 August 2017) was a Kosovar politician who served as the first elected post-war prime minister and later as interior minister of the Republic of Kosovo and as a member of the Kosovo Assembly.

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Baklava

Baklava is a rich, sweet dessert pastry made of layers of filo filled with chopped nuts and sweetened and held together with syrup or honey.

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Balkan mixed forests

The Balkan mixed forests constitute a terrestrial ecoregion of Europe according to both the WWF and Digital Map of European Ecological Regions by the European Environment Agency.

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Balkan Wars

The Balkan Wars (Balkan Savaşları, literally "the Balkan Wars" or Balkan Faciası, meaning "the Balkan Tragedy") consisted of two conflicts that took place in the Balkan Peninsula in 1912 and 1913.

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Balkans

The Balkans, or the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographic area in southeastern Europe with various and disputed definitions.

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Banjska Monastery

Banjska Monastery (Манастир Бањска/Manastir Banjska;, Manastiri i Banjskës) is a Serbian Orthodox monastery in the Banjska village near Zvečan in Kosovo.

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Basketball

Basketball is a team sport played on a rectangular court.

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Basketball Federation of Kosovo

The Basketball Federation of Kosovo (Albanian: Federata e Basketbollit e Kosovës, Кошаркашки савез Косова/Košarkaški savez Kosova) is the governing body of basketball in Kosovo.

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Battle of Kosovo

The Battle of Kosovo took place on 15 June 1389 between an army led by the Serbian Prince Lazar Hrebeljanović and an invading army of the Ottoman Empire under the command of Sultan Murad Hüdavendigâr.

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Bauxite

Bauxite is a sedimentary rock with a relatively high aluminium content.

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Börek

Börek (also burek and other variants) is a family of baked filled pastries made of a thin flaky dough known as phyllo (or yufka), of Anatolian origins and also found in the cuisines of the Balkans, Levant, Mediterranean, and other countries in Eastern Europe and Western Asia.

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BBC News

BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs.

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BBC News Online

BBC News Online is the website of BBC News, the division of the BBC responsible for newsgathering and production.

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Bekim Fehmiu

Bekim Fehmiu (Беким Фехмију; 1 June 1936 – 15 June 2010) was a Yugoslavian theater and film actor of Albanian ethnicity.

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Bektashi Order

Bektashi Order or Shī‘ah Imāmī Alevī-Bektāshī Ṭarīqah (Tarikati Bektashi; Bektaşi Tarîkatı) is a dervish order (tariqat) named after the 13th century Alevi Wali (saint) Haji Bektash Veli from Khorasan, but founded by Balım Sultan.

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Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs

The Robert and Renée Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs (also known as the Belfer Center) is a permanent research center located within the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University.

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Belgrade

Belgrade (Beograd / Београд, meaning "White city",; names in other languages) is the capital and largest city of Serbia.

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Belgrade–Pristina negotiations

Belgrade–Pristina dialogue is a series of EU-facilitated talks between the governments of Serbia and Kosovo.

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Bern

Bern or Berne (Bern, Bärn, Berne, Berna, Berna) is the de facto capital of Switzerland, referred to by the Swiss as their (e.g. in German) Bundesstadt, or "federal city".

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Bird

Birds, also known as Aves, are a group of endothermic vertebrates, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.

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Birth rate

The birth rate (technically, births/population rate) is the total number of live births per 1,000 in a population in a year or period.

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Bjeshkët e Nemuna National Park

The Bjeshkët e Nemuna National Park (Parku Kombëtar Bjeshkët e Nemuna) is a national park in Gjakova and Pejë Districts of Western Kosovo along the borders with Albania and Montenegro.

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Black Sea

The Black Sea is a body of water and marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean between Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and Western Asia.

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Bogë, Kosovo

Bogë is a small mountainous village and also a holiday resort village in western Kosovo.

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Boreal Kingdom

The Boreal Kingdom or Holarctic Kingdom (Holarctis) is a floristic kingdom identified by botanist Ronald Good (and later by Armen Takhtajan), which includes the temperate to Arctic portions of North America and Eurasia.

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Bosniaks

The Bosniaks (Bošnjaci,; singular masculine: Bošnjak, feminine: Bošnjakinja) are a South Slavic nation and ethnic group inhabiting mainly the area of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Bosniaks in Kosovo

Bosniaks are the second largest ethnic minority group in Kosovo, numbering 27,553 (2011 census).

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Bosnian language

The Bosnian language (bosanski / босански) is the standardized variety of Serbo-Croatian mainly used by Bosniaks.

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Bosnian War

The Bosnian War was an international armed conflict that took place in Bosnia and Herzegovina between 1992 and 1995.

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Boxing

Boxing is a combat sport in which two people, usually wearing protective gloves, throw punches at each other for a predetermined set of time in a boxing ring.

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Branković dynasty

The Branković (Бранковић, Brankovići / Бранковићи) was a Serbian medieval noble family and dynasty.

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Brazil

Brazil (Brasil), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (República Federativa do Brasil), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America.

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Brezovica, Kosovo

Brezovica (Brezovicë, Брезовица) is a settlement in the Štrpce municipality in Kosovo, known for its ski resort.

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Bronze Age

The Bronze Age is a historical period characterized by the use of bronze, and in some areas proto-writing, and other early features of urban civilization.

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Bronze Age Europe

The European Bronze Age is characterized by bronze artifacts and the use of bronze implements.

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Brown bear

The brown bear (Ursus arctos) is a bear that is found across much of northern Eurasia and North America.

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Brown University

Brown University is a private Ivy League research university in Providence, Rhode Island, United States.

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Brussels Agreement (2013)

The Brussels Agreement (Marrëveshja e Brukselit; translit) was made between the governments of Serbia and Kosovo on the normalization of their relations.

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Bulgaria

Bulgaria (България, tr.), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Република България, tr.), is a country in southeastern Europe.

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Bulgarian Empire

In the medieval history of Europe, Bulgaria's status as the Bulgarian Empire (Българско царство, Balgarsko tsarstvo), wherein it acted as a key regional power (particularly rivaling Byzantium in Southeastern Europe) occurred in two distinct periods: between the seventh and eleventh centuries, and again between the twelfth and fourteenth centuries.

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Byzantine architecture

Byzantine architecture is the architecture of the Byzantine Empire, also known as the Later Roman or Eastern Roman Empire.

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Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire and Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, which had been founded as Byzantium).

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Cabbage

Cabbage or headed cabbage (comprising several cultivars of Brassica oleracea) is a leafy green, red (purple), or white (pale green) biennial plant grown as an annual vegetable crop for its dense-leaved heads.

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Canyon

A canyon (Spanish: cañón; archaic British English spelling: cañon) or gorge is a deep cleft between escarpments or cliffs resulting from weathering and the erosive activity of a river over geologic timescales.

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Carla Del Ponte

Carla Del Ponte (born February 9, 1947) is a former Chief Prosecutor of two United Nations international criminal law tribunals.

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Catholic Church in Kosovo

The Catholic Church has a population in Kosovo of approximately 65,000 in a region of roughly 2 million people.

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Celtic settlement of Eastern Europe

Gallic groups, originating from the various La Tène chiefdoms, began a south-eastern movement into the Balkan peninsula from the 4th century BC.

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Central Europe

Central Europe is the region comprising the central part of Europe.

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Central European Free Trade Agreement

The Central European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA) is a trade agreement between non-EU countries, members of which are now mostly located in Southeastern Europe.

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Central European Summer Time

Central European Summer Time (CEST), sometime referred also as Central European Daylight Time (CEDT), is the standard clock time observed during the period of summer daylight-saving in those European countries which observe Central European Time (UTC+1) during the other part of the year.

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Central European Time

Central European Time (CET), used in most parts of Europe and a few North African countries, is a standard time which is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

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Central Powers

The Central Powers (Mittelmächte; Központi hatalmak; İttifak Devletleri / Bağlaşma Devletleri; translit), consisting of Germany,, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria – hence also known as the Quadruple Alliance (Vierbund) – was one of the two main factions during World War I (1914–18).

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Chairman of the Assembly of Kosovo

The Chairman of the Assembly of Kosovo (literally translated as President of the Assembly of Kosovo, or, literally translated as Speaker of the Parliament, Serbian: / Predsednik Skupštine Kosova, literally translated as President of the Assembly of Kosovo) is a post within the Provisional Institutions of Self-Government established by the United Nations administration in Kosovo to provide 'provisional, democratic self-government' in advance of a decision on the final status of Kosovo.

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Chardonnay

Chardonnay is a green-skinned grape variety used in the production of white wine.

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Christianity in Kosovo

Christianity in Kosovo has a long-standing tradition dating to the Roman Empire.

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Christianization

Christianization (or Christianisation) is the conversion of individuals to Christianity or the conversion of entire groups at once.

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Christmas

Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ,Martindale, Cyril Charles.

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Circumboreal Region

The Circumboreal Region in phytogeography is a floristic region within the Holarctic Kingdom in Eurasia and North America, as delineated by such geobotanists as Josias Braun-Blanquet and Armen Takhtajan.

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Civil disobedience

Civil disobedience is the active, professed refusal of a citizen to obey certain laws, demands, orders or commands of a government or occupying international power.

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Classical antiquity

Classical antiquity (also the classical era, classical period or classical age) is the period of cultural history between the 8th century BC and the 5th or 6th century AD centered on the Mediterranean Sea, comprising the interlocking civilizations of ancient Greece and ancient Rome, collectively known as the Greco-Roman world.

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Classical music in Kosovo

Classical music in Kosovo refers to the art music cultivated in Kosovo.

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Cobalt

Cobalt is a chemical element with symbol Co and atomic number 27.

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Cold War

The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others).

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Collective action

Collective action refers to action taken together by a group of people whose goal is to enhance their status and achieve a common objective.

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Common blackbird

The common blackbird (Turdus merula) is a species of true thrush.

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Community of Serb Municipalities

The Community of Serb Municipalities (Заједница српских општина / Zajednica srpskih opština; abbr. ZSO) or Association of Serb Municipalities (Asociacioni i komunave serbe) is a planned self-governing association of municipalities with majority Serb population in Kosovo.

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Constantinople

Constantinople (Κωνσταντινούπολις Konstantinoúpolis; Constantinopolis) was the capital city of the Roman/Byzantine Empire (330–1204 and 1261–1453), and also of the brief Latin (1204–1261), and the later Ottoman (1453–1923) empires.

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Constituent state

A constituent state is a territorial and constitutional entity forming part of a sovereign state.

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Constitution Day

Constitution Day is a holiday to honor the constitution of a country.

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Constitution of Kosovo

The Constitution of Kosovo (Kushtetuta e Kosovës, Устав Косовa, Ustav Kosova), refers to the supreme law (article 16) of the Republic of Kosovo.

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Constitutional Court of Kosovo

The Constitutional Court of Kosovo (Gjykata Kushtetuese e Kosovës; Ustavni sud Kosova) is the final authority for the interpretation of the Constitution of Kosovo and judicial review of laws for compliance with the constitution.

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Continental climate

Continental climates are defined in the Köppen climate classification as having the coldest month with the temperature never rising above 0.0° C (32°F) all month long.

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Council of Europe

The Council of Europe (CoE; Conseil de l'Europe) is an international organisation whose stated aim is to uphold human rights, democracy and the rule of law in Europe.

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Council of Europe Development Bank

The Council of Europe Development Bank (CEB, Banque de Développement du Conseil de l'Europe) dates from 1956, when the Council of Europe established the Resettlement Fund for National Refugees and Over-Population in Europe as a Partial Agreement.

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Crêpe

A crêpe or crepe (or,, Quebec French) is a type of very thin pastry.

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Crimes against humanity

Crimes against humanity are certain acts that are deliberately committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack or individual attack directed against any civilian or an identifiable part of a civilian population.

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Croatian language

Croatian (hrvatski) is the standardized variety of the Serbo-Croatian language used by Croats, principally in Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Serbian province of Vojvodina and other neighboring countries.

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Cucumber

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is a widely cultivated plant in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae.

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Dardani

The Dardani (Δαρδάνιοι, Δάρδανοι; Dardani), or Dardanians (Δαρδανίωνες) were a tribe which occupied the region that took its name from them of Dardania, at the Thraco-Illyrian contact zone; their identification as either an Illyrian or Thracian tribe is uncertain.

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Dardania (Roman province)

Dardania (Δαρδανία; Dardania) was a Roman province in the Central Balkans, initially an unofficial region in Moesia (87–284), then a province administratively part of the Diocese of Moesia (293–337).

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Dayton Agreement

The General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, also known as the Dayton Agreement, Dayton Accords, Paris Protocol or Dayton–Paris Agreement, (Dejtonski mirovni sporazum, Dejtonski mirovni sporazum, Daytonski sporazum) is the peace agreement reached at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base near Dayton, Ohio, United States, in November 1995, and formally signed in Paris, France, on 14 December 1995.

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Deçan

Deçan (Deçani) or Dečani (Дечани), is a town located in Deçan Municipality in the Gjakova District of Kosovo.

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Deer

Deer (singular and plural) are the ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae.

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Dejan Musli

Dejan Musli (Дејан Мусли; born January 3, 1991) is a Serbian professional basketball player for Brose Bamberg of the Basketball Bundesliga and the EuroLeague.

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Democratic League of Kosovo

The Democratic League of Kosovo (Lidhja Demokratike e Kosovës, LDK) is the second-largest political party in Kosovo.

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Democratic Party of Kosovo

The Democratic Party of Kosovo (Albanian: Partia Demokratike e Kosovës, PDK) the third-largest political party in Kosovo.

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Demographic history of Kosovo

This article includes information on the demographic history of Kosovo.

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Demographics of Kosovo

The Kosovo Agency of Statistics monitors various demographic features of the population of Kosovo, such as population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

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Desivojca

Desivojca is a village in the municipality of Kamenica, in the east of Kosovo.

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Deutsche Bundesbank

The Deutsche Bundesbank is the central bank of the Federal Republic of Germany and as such part of the European System of Central Banks (ESCB).

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Dinaric Alps

The Dinaric Alps, also commonly Dinarides, are a mountain range in Southern and Southeastern Europe, separating the continental Balkan Peninsula from the Adriatic Sea.

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Diplomatic rank

Diplomatic rank is a system of professional and social rank used in the world of diplomacy and international relations.

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Diplomatic recognition

Diplomatic recognition in international law is a unilateral political act with domestic and international legal consequences, whereby a state acknowledges an act or status of another state or government in control of a state (may be also a recognized state).

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District of Ferizaj

The District of Ferizaj or District of Uroševac (Rajoni i Ferizajit; Урошевачки округ, Uroševački okrug) is one of the seven districts of Kosovo, with its seat in Ferizaj.

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District of Gjakova

The District of Gjakova or the District of Đakovica (Rajoni i Gjakovës; Ђаковички округ or Đakovički okrug) is one of the seven districts of Kosovo, with seat in the city of Gjakova.

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District of Gjilan

The District of Gjilan (Rajoni i Gjilanit) or the District of Gnjlane (Гњилански округ/Gnjilanski okrug) is one of the seven districts (the higher-level administrative divisions) of Kosovo.

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District of Mitrovica

Mitrovica District (Rajoni i Mitrovicës, Косовскомитровачки округ) is one of the seven districts of Kosovo.

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District of Peć

The District of Peć or District of Peja (Rajoni i Pejës; Пећки округ or Pećki okrug) is one of the seven districts (the higher-level administrative divisions) of Kosovo; it has its seat in the city of Peć.

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District of Pristina

The District of Pristina (Rajoni i Prishtinës, Prištinski okrug) is the largest of the districts of Kosovo.

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District of Prizren

The Prizren District (Rajoni i Prizrenit; Призренски округ, Prizrenski okrug) is one of the seven districts of Kosovo.

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Districts of Kosovo

A District (Qark, or Rajon, Дистрикт / Distrikt or Округ / Okrug, or Регион / Region) is the highest level of administrative divisions of Kosovo.

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Doctor of Philosophy

A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD or Ph.D.; Latin Philosophiae doctor) is the highest academic degree awarded by universities in most countries.

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Dokufest

Dokufest is an International Documentary and Short Film Festival held in the Kosovo town of Prizren.

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Drin River

The Drin (Drin or Drini; Дрим) is a river in Southern and Southeastern Europe with two distributaries one discharging into the Adriatic Sea and the other one into the Buna River.

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Dua Lipa

Dua Lipa (born 22 August 1995) is an English singer, songwriter, and model.

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Dukagjini family

The Dukagjini family (Ducagini or Ducaginus) was one of the most important feudal families in medieval Albania.

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Durrës

Durrës (Durazzo,, historically known as Epidamnos and Dyrrachium, is the second most populous city of the Republic of Albania. The city is the capital of the surrounding Durrës County, one of 12 constituent counties of the country. By air, it is northwest of Sarandë, west of Tirana, south of Shkodër and east of Rome. Located on the Adriatic Sea, it is the country's most ancient and economic and historic center. Founded by Greek colonists from Corinth and Corfu under the name of Epidamnos (Επίδαμνος) around the 7th century BC, the city essentially developed to become significant as it became an integral part of the Roman Empire and its successor the Byzantine Empire. The Via Egnatia, the continuation of the Via Appia, started in the city and led across the interior of the Balkan Peninsula to Constantinople in the east. In the Middle Ages, it was contested between Bulgarian, Venetian and Ottoman dominions. Following the declaration of independence of Albania, the city served as the capital of the Principality of Albania for a short period of time. Subsequently, it was annexed by the Kingdom of Italy and Nazi Germany in the interwar period. Moreover, the city experienced a strong expansion in its demography and economic activity during the Communism in Albania. Durrës is served by the Port of Durrës, one of the largest on the Adriatic Sea, which connects the city to Italy and other neighbouring countries. Its most considerable attraction is the Amphitheatre of Durrës that is included on the tentative list of Albania for designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Once having a capacity for 20,000 people, it is the largest amphitheatre in the Balkan Peninsula.

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Durrës-Kukës Highway

The Durrës-Kukës Highway (Autostrada Durrës-Kukës or Rruga e Kombit), is a four-lane highway constructed between 2006-2009 and connects the coastal city of Durrës with the north-eastern border region of Kukës.

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E!

E! (originally an initialism of Entertainment Television) is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by the NBCUniversal Cable Entertainment Group division of NBCUniversal, all owned by Comcast.

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Easter

Easter,Traditional names for the feast in English are "Easter Day", as in the Book of Common Prayer, "Easter Sunday", used by James Ussher and Samuel Pepys and plain "Easter", as in books printed in,, also called Pascha (Greek, Latin) or Resurrection Sunday, is a festival and holiday celebrating the resurrection of Jesus from the dead, described in the New Testament as having occurred on the third day of his burial after his crucifixion by the Romans at Calvary 30 AD.

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Eastern imperial eagle

The eastern imperial eagle (Aquila heliaca) is a large species of bird of prey that breeds from southeastern Europe to western and central Asia.

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Economy of Kosovo

The Economy of Kosovo is a transition economy.

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Ecoregion

An ecoregion (ecological region) is an ecologically and geographically defined area that is smaller than a bioregion, which in turn is smaller than an ecozone.

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Eid al-Adha

Eid al-Adha (lit), also called the "Festival of Sacrifice", is the second of two Islamic holidays celebrated worldwide each year (the other being Eid al-Fitr), and considered the holier of the two.

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Eid al-Fitr

Eid al-Fitr (عيد الفطر) is an important religious holiday celebrated by Muslims worldwide that marks the end of Ramadan, the Islamic holy month of fasting (sawm).

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Electrical energy in Kosovo

The electricity sector of Kosovo relies on coal-fired power plants (97%) and is considered one of the sectors with the greatest potential of development.

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Elez Han

Elez Han (Han i Elezit; Ђенерал Јанковић, Đeneral Janković; officially Елез Хан, Elez Han) is a town and municipality located in the Ferizaj District of Kosovo.

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Ellipsis (linguistics)

In linguistics, ellipsis (from the ἔλλειψις, élleipsis, "omission") or an elliptical construction is the omission from a clause of one or more words that are nevertheless understood in the context of the remaining elements.

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Encyclopædia Britannica

The Encyclopædia Britannica (Latin for "British Encyclopaedia"), published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.

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Endangered species

An endangered species is a species which has been categorized as very likely to become extinct.

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Engjëll Berisha

Engjëll Berisha (1926 – 15 September 2010), also known as Befre, was an Albanian painter from Kosovo.

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English language

English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now a global lingua franca.

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Enver Hoxha

Enver Halil Hoxha (16 October 190811 April 1985) was an Albanian communist politician who served as the head of state of Albania from 1944 until his death in 1985, as the First Secretary of the Party of Labour of Albania.

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Era Istrefi

Era Istrefi (born 4 July 1994) is a Kosovar singer and songwriter.

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Esat Valla

Esat Valla (born 22 April 1944) is a Kosovar Albanian painter noted for his figurative paintings of small animals or insects such as butterflies and birds.

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Ethnic cleansing

Ethnic cleansing is the systematic forced removal of ethnic or racial groups from a given territory by a more powerful ethnic group, often with the intent of making it ethnically homogeneous.

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Ethnic nationalism

Ethnic nationalism, also known as ethno-nationalism, is a form of nationalism wherein the nation is defined in terms of ethnicity.

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Euro

The euro (sign: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of the European Union.

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Euro sign

The euro sign (€) is the currency sign used for the euro, the official currency of the Eurozone in the European Union (EU).

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Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

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Europe (anthem)

"Europe" is the national anthem of Kosovo.

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Europe Day

Europe Day is the name of two annual observance days, 5 May by the Council of Europe and 9 May by the European Union which recognise the peace and prosperity within Europe both have achieved since their formation.

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European Bank for Reconstruction and Development

The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) is an international financial institution founded in 1991.

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European Centre for Minority Issues

The European Centre for Minority Issues (ECMI) is a research institute based in Flensburg, Germany, that conducts research into minority-majority relations in Europe.

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European Commission

The European Commission (EC) is an institution of the European Union, responsible for proposing legislation, implementing decisions, upholding the EU treaties and managing the day-to-day business of the EU.

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European Games

The European Games is an international multi-sport event in the Olympic tradition contested by athletes from European nations.

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European route E65

European route E 65 is a north-south Class-A European route that begins in Malmö, Sweden and ends in Chaniá, Greece.

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European route E75

European route E 75 is part of the International E-road network, which is a series of main roads in Europe.

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European route E80

European route E 80, also known as Trans-European Motorway or TEM, is an A-Class West-East European route, extending from Lisbon, Portugal to Gürbulak, Turkey, on the border with Iran.

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European Union

The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.

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European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo

The European Union Rule of Law Mission in Kosovo (EULEX Kosovo) is a deployment of European Union (EU) police and civilian resources to Kosovo.

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Eurovision Song Contest

The Eurovision Song Contest (Concours Eurovision de la chanson), often simply called Eurovision, is an international song competition held primarily among the member countries of the European Broadcasting Union.

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Eurovision Song Contest 1982

The Eurovision Song Contest 1982 was the 27th edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest.

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Eurovision Song Contest 2012

The Eurovision Song Contest 2012 was the 57th edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest.

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Eurovision Song Contest 2017

The Eurovision Song Contest 2017 was the 62nd edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest.

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Eurozone

No description.

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Executive (government)

The executive is the organ exercising authority in and holding responsibility for the governance of a state.

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Expulsion of the Albanians 1877–1878

The Expulsion of Albanians 1877–1878 refers to events of forced migration of Albanian populations from areas that became incorporated into the Principality of Serbia and Principality of Montenegro in 1878.

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Fahrudin Jusufi

Fahrudin Jusufi (Фахрудин Јусуфи; born 8 December 1939) is a former international footballer who played for Yugoslavia.

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Faruk Begolli

Faruk Begolli (14 February 1944 – 23 August 2007) was a prominent Kosovo Albanian actor and director in former Yugoslavia.

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Fatmir Sejdiu

Fatmir Sejdiu (born 23 October 1951) is a politician from Kosovo.

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FC Prishtina

FC Prishtina, commonly known as Prishtina is a professional football club based in Pristina, Kosovo.

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Ferizaj

Ferizaj (Ferizaji), or Uroševac (Урошевац; old name: Ferizović (Феризовић)), is a city and municipality located in the Ferizaj District of Kosovo.

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FIBA

The International Basketball Federation, more commonly known as FIBA, FIBA World, or FIBA International, from its French name Fédération internationale de basket-ball, is an association of national organizations which governs international competition in basketball.

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Financial crisis of 2007–2008

The financial crisis of 2007–2008, also known as the global financial crisis and the 2008 financial crisis, is considered by many economists to have been the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s.

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First Balkan War

The First Balkan War (Балканска война; Αʹ Βαλκανικός πόλεμος; Први балкански рат, Prvi Balkanski rat; Birinci Balkan Savaşı), lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and comprised actions of the Balkan League (the kingdoms of Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece and Montenegro) against the Ottoman Empire.

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First Bulgarian Empire

The First Bulgarian Empire (Old Bulgarian: ц︢рьство бл︢гарское, ts'rstvo bl'garskoe) was a medieval Bulgarian state that existed in southeastern Europe between the 7th and 11th centuries AD.

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Flia

Flia, also known as fli or flija, is a dish in Albanian cuisine It consists of multiple crepe-like layers brushed with cream and served with sour cream.

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Flora

Flora is the plant life occurring in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring or indigenous—native plant life.

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Football

Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball with a foot to score a goal.

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Football at the 1960 Summer Olympics

The football tournament at the 1960 Summer Olympics was held from 26 August to 10 September in 1960 throughout Italy.

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Football Federation of Kosovo

The Football Federation of Kosovo (Federata e Futbollit e Kosovës; translit) is the governing body of football in Kosovo, with headquarters in Pristina.

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Foreign direct investment

A foreign direct investment (FDI) is an investment in the form of a controlling ownership in a business in one country by an entity based in another country.

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Foreign relations of Kosovo

Foreign relations of Kosovo are accomplished by efforts of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Kosovo.

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Fox

Foxes are small-to-medium-sized, omnivorous mammals belonging to several genera of the family Canidae.

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Frank G. Wisner

Frank George Wisner II (born July 2, 1938) is an American businessman and former diplomat.

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Freedom of religion

Freedom of religion is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or community, in public or private, to manifest religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance without government influence or intervention.

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Future enlargement of the European Union

There are five recognised candidates for future membership of the European Union: Turkey (applied in 14 April 1987), Macedonia (applied in 22 March 2004), Montenegro (applied in 2008), Albania (applied in 2009), and Serbia (applied in 2009).

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Gender equality

Gender equality, also known as sexual equality, is the state of equal ease of access to resources and opportunities regardless of gender, including economic participation and decision-making; and the state of valuing different behaviors, aspirations and needs equally, regardless of gender.

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Gjakova

Gjakova (Gjakovë) or Đakovica (Ђаковица) is a city and municipality located in the Gjakova District of western Kosovo.

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Gjakova Airport

Gjakova Airport AMIKO (Aeroporti i Gjakovës, Аеродром Ђаковица/Aerodrom Đakovica) is an airport in village Lugbunar, near Gjakova in western Kosovo.

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Gjilan

Gjilan (Gjilani) or Gnjilane (Serbian Cyrillic: Гњилане), is a city and municipality located in the Gjilan District in eastern Kosovo.

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Global Peace Index

Global Peace Index (GPI) measures the relative position of nations' and regions' peacefulness.

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Glogovac

Glogovac (Глоговац) or Gllogoc (in Albanian), is a town and municipality located in the Pristina District in central Kosovo.

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Golden eagle

The golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) is one of the best-known birds of prey in the Northern Hemisphere.

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Gorani people

The Gorani (Горани) or Goranci (Serbian Cyrillic: Горанци) are a Slavic Muslim ethnic group inhabiting the Gora region - the triangle between Kosovo, Albania, and the Republic of Macedonia.

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Government of Kosovo

The Government of Kosovo (Qeveria e Kosovës; Vlada Kosova) exercises executive authority in the Republic of Kosovo.

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Gračanica Monastery

Gračanica Monastery (Манастир Грачаница / Manastir Gračanica, Manastiri i Graçanicës) is a Serbian Orthodox monastery located in Kosovo.

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Gray wolf

The gray wolf (Canis lupus), also known as the timber wolf,Paquet, P. & Carbyn, L. W. (2003).

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Great Migrations of the Serbs

The Great Migrations of the Serbs (Velike seobe Srba/Велике сеобе Срба), also known as the Great Exodus of the Serbs, refers mainly to two large migrations of Serbs from the Ottoman Empire to the Habsburg Monarchy.

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Greater Albania

Greater Albania is an irredentist concept of lands that are considered to form the national homeland by many Albanians, based on claims on the present-day or historical presence of Albanian populations in those areas.

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Greece

No description.

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Greenwood Publishing Group

ABC-CLIO/Greenwood is an educational and academic publisher (middle school through university level) which is today part of ABC-CLIO.

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Gross domestic product

Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all final goods and services produced in a period (quarterly or yearly) of time.

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Gusle

The gusle (гусле, гусла, lahuta, lăuta) is a single-stringed musical instrument (and musical style) traditionally used in the Dinarides region of Southeastern Europe.

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Handball

Handball (also known as team handball, fieldball, European handball or Olympic handball) is a team sport in which two teams of seven players each (six outfield players and a goalkeeper) pass a ball using their hands with the aim of throwing it into the goal of the other team.

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Hashim Thaçi

Hashim Thaçi (.

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Head of government

A head of government (or chief of government) is a generic term used for either the highest or second highest official in the executive branch of a sovereign state, a federated state, or a self-governing colony, (commonly referred to as countries, nations or nation-states) who often presides over a cabinet, a group of ministers or secretaries who lead executive departments.

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Head of state

A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona that officially represents the national unity and legitimacy of a sovereign state.

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Health care

Health care or healthcare is the maintenance or improvement of health via the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in human beings.

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History of Kosovo

The history of Kosovo is intertwined with the histories of its neighboring regions.

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Human Rights Watch

Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.

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Hungary

Hungary (Magyarország) is a country in Central Europe that covers an area of in the Carpathian Basin, bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Austria to the northwest, Romania to the east, Serbia to the south, Croatia to the southwest, and Slovenia to the west.

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Hysni Krasniqi

Hysni Krasniqi (born 10 March 1942 in Lukare/Llukar, near Pristina whilst disputed between Independent State of Albania and Kingdom of Yugoslavia) is an Albanian painter and graphic artist.

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Ibar (river)

The Ibar, also known as the Ibër and Ibri (Ibër, Ibri, Ибар), is a river that flows through eastern Montenegro, Serbia and Kosovo, with a total length of.

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Ibrahim Kodra

Ibrahim Likmetaj Kodra (April 22, 1918 - February 7, 2006) was an Albanian painter.

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Ibrahim Rugova

Ibrahim Rugova (2 December 1944 – 21 January 2006) was the first President of the partially recognised Republic of Kosova, serving from 1992 to 2000 and again from 2002 until his death in 2006, and a prominent Kosovo Albanian political leader, scholar, and writer. He oversaw a popular struggle for independence, advocating a peaceful resistance to Yugoslav rule and lobbying for U.S. and European support, especially during the Kosovo War. Owing to his role in Kosovo's history, Rugova has been dubbed "Father of the Nation" and "Gandhi of the Balkans," awarded, among others, the Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought, and posthumously declared a Hero of Kosovo.

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Illyria

In classical antiquity, Illyria (Ἰλλυρία, Illyría or Ἰλλυρίς, Illyrís; Illyria, see also Illyricum) was a region in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula inhabited by the Illyrians.

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Illyrians

The Illyrians (Ἰλλυριοί, Illyrioi; Illyrii or Illyri) were a group of Indo-European tribes in antiquity, who inhabited part of the western Balkans.

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Illyricum (Roman province)

Illyricum was a Roman province that existed from 27 BC to sometime during the reign of Vespasian (69–79 AD).

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Industry of Kosovo

Kosovo has a slowly developing plain industry.

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Inflation

In economics, inflation is a sustained increase in price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time.

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Internally displaced person

An internally displaced person (IDP) is someone who is forced to flee his or her home but who remains within his or her country's borders.

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International Airport Skopje

Skopje Airport (Аеродром Скопје, Aerodrom Skopje) or Skopje International Airport (Меѓународен аеродром Скопје, Megjunaroden aerodrom Skopje), previously known as Petrovec Airport (Аеродром Петровец, Aerodrom Petrovec) and Skopje "Alexander the Great" Airport (Аеродром „Александар Велики“ Скопје, Aerodrom "Aleksandar Veliki" Skopje), is the larger and busier of the two international airports in the Republic of Macedonia, with the other being the St. Paul the Apostle Airport in Ohrid.

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International Civilian Representative for Kosovo

The International Civilian Representative for Kosovo (ICR), supported by the International Civilian Office (ICO), was the European Union Special Representative (EUSR) for Kosovo (appointed by the Council of the European Union) which was re-appointed by the International Steering Group for Kosovo as the ICR pursuant to the Ahtisaari Plan.

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International Committee of the Red Cross

The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) is a humanitarian institution based in Geneva, Switzerland, and a three-time Nobel Prize Laureate.

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International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia

The International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Persons Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law Committed in the Territory of the Former Yugoslavia since 1991, more commonly referred to as the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), was a body of the United Nations established to prosecute serious crimes committed during the Yugoslav Wars, and to try their perpetrators.

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International Humanist and Ethical Union

The International Humanist and Ethical Union (IHEU) is an umbrella organisation of humanist, atheist, rationalist, secular, skeptic, freethought and Ethical Culture organisations worldwide.

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International Monetary Fund

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of "189 countries working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world." Formed in 1945 at the Bretton Woods Conference primarily by the ideas of Harry Dexter White and John Maynard Keynes, it came into formal existence in 1945 with 29 member countries and the goal of reconstructing the international payment system.

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International Olympic Committee

The International Olympic Committee (IOC; French: Comité International Olympique, CIO) is a Swiss private non-governmental organisation based in Lausanne, Switzerland, which is the authority responsible for the modern Olympic Games.

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International rankings of Kosovo

The following are international rankings of Kosovo.

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International recognition of Kosovo

Since its declaration of independence from Serbia (enacted on 17 February 2008), international recognition of Kosovo has been mixed, and the international community continues to be divided on the issue.

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International Road Transport Union

The International Road Transport Union (IRU) is the world road transport organisation, which upholds the interests of bus, coach, taxi and truck operators to ensure economic growth and prosperity via the sustainable mobility of people and goods by road worldwide.

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International Steering Group for Kosovo

The International Steering Group for Kosovo (ISG) was an organization formed pursuant to the Ahtisaari Plan concerning the Kosovo status process.

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International Workers' Day

International Workers' Day, also known as Labour Day or Workers' Day in some countries and often referred to as May Day, is a celebration of labourers and the working classes that is promoted by the international labour movement which occurs every year on May Day (1 May), an ancient European spring festival.

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Invasion of Yugoslavia

The invasion of Yugoslavia, also known as the April War or Operation 25, was a German-led attack on the Kingdom of Yugoslavia by the Axis powers which began on 6 April 1941 during World War II.

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Iron Age Europe

In Europe, the Iron Age may be defined as including the last stages of the prehistoric period and the first of the proto-historic periods.

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Isa Qosja

Isa Qosja (born in Vuthaj, Montenegro in 1949) is an Albanian film director.

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Islam

IslamThere are ten pronunciations of Islam in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the s is or, and whether the a is pronounced, or (when the stress is on the first syllable) (Merriam Webster).

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Islam in Kosovo

Islam in Kosovo has a long-standing tradition dating back to the Ottoman conquest of the Balkans, including Kosovo.

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Islamization

Islamization (also spelled Islamisation, see spelling differences; أسلمة), Islamicization or Islamification is the process of a society's shift towards Islam, such as found in Sudan, Pakistan, Iran, Malaysia, or Algeria.

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Israel Council on Foreign Relations

The Israel Council on Foreign Relations (ICFR) is an independent, non-partisan forum for the study and debate of foreign policy issues, especially those relating to the State of Israel and the Jewish people.

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Istok

Istok or Istog (Istog, Istogu, Исток, Istok) is a town and municipality located in the Peć District of eastern Kosovo According to the 2011 census, the town of Istok has 5,115 inhabitants, while the municipality has 39,289 inhabitants.

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James Biberi

James Biberi (born July 28, 1965 in Gjakova, Kosova, Yugoslavia) is an Albanian-American actor.

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Jamie Donoughue

Jamie Donoughue is an Oscar nominated British film director, producer and writer.

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Janjevci

Kosovo Croats (Kroatët e Kosovës, Kosovski Hrvati), locally known as Janjevci (Janjevët, Janjevci) are the Croat community in Kosovo, inhabiting the town of Janjevo and surrounding villages near Pristina, as well as villages centered on Letnica near Vitina (Shashare, Vrnez and Vrnavokolo).

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Jizya

Jizya or jizyah (جزية; جزيه) is a per capita yearly tax historically levied on non-Muslim subjects, called the dhimma, permanently residing in Muslim lands governed by Islamic law.

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Judiciary

The judiciary (also known as the judicial system or court system) is the system of courts that interprets and applies the law in the name of the state.

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Judo

was created as a physical, mental and moral pedagogy in Japan, in 1882, by Jigoro Kano (嘉納治五郎).

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Judo at the 2015 European Games

Judo competitions at the 2015 European Games in Baku was held from 25–28 June 2015 at the Heydar Aliyev Arena in Baku.

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Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2007

The Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2007 was the fifth edition of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest.

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Kačamak

Kačamak (Cyrillic: качамак; Albanian: Kaçamaku), also known as pura (Cyrillic: пура), is a kind of maize porridge made in the cuisine of Turkey and Balkan.

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Kadri Veseli

Kadri Veseli (born May 31, 1967 in the village Braboniq, municipality of Mitrovica) is the outgoing Chairman of Assembly of the Republic of Kosovo and leader of the Democratic Party of Kosovo.

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Kaymak

Kaymak is a creamy dairy product similar to clotted cream, made from the milk of water buffalos, cows, sheep, or goats in Central Asia, some Balkan countries, Turkic regions, Iran and Iraq.

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Kebab

Kebabs (also kabobs or kababs) are various cooked meat dishes, with their origins in Middle Eastern cuisine.

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KF Flamurtari

KF Flamurtari (Klubi Futbollistik Flamurtari) is a football club based in Pristina, Kosovo.

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KF Trepça

KF Trepça (Klubi Futbollistik Trepça Mitrovicë) is a football club based in the southern part of Mitrovica, Kosovo.

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Kingdom of Montenegro

The Kingdom of Montenegro (Serbian: Краљевина Црнa Горa / Kraljevina Crna Gora), was a monarchy in southeastern Europe, present day Montenegro, during the tumultuous years on the Balkan Peninsula leading up to and during World War I. Legally it was a constitutional monarchy, but absolutist in practice.

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Kingdom of Serbia

The Kingdom of Serbia (Краљевина Србија / Kraljevina Srbija), often rendered as Servia in English sources during the time of its existence, was created when Milan I, ruler of the Principality of Serbia, was proclaimed king in 1882.

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Kingdom of Serbia (medieval)

The Kingdom of Serbia (Краљевина Србија / Kraljevina Srbija), or Serbian Kingdom (Српско краљевство / Srpsko kraljevstvo), was a medieval Serbian state that existed from 1217 to 1346, ruled by the Nemanjić dynasty.

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Kingdom of Yugoslavia

The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (Serbo-Croatian, Slovene: Kraljevina Jugoslavija, Краљевина Југославија; Кралство Југославија) was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe, that existed from 1918 until 1941, during the interwar period and beginning of World War II.

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Klina

Klina (Serbian Cyrillic: Клина, Klinë) is a town and municipality located in the Peć District of north-western Kosovo.

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Kopaonik

Kopaonik (Kopaoniku, Копаоник) is a mountain in Serbia and Kosovo.

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Kosova National Art Gallery

The Kosova National Art Gallery (KNAG; Galeria Kombëtare e Arteve e Kosovës, translit), is an art gallery situated at The University of Pristina Campus ('''6'''), right behind the National Library of Kosova in Prishtina, Kosovo, founded in February 1979.

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Kosovan parliamentary election, 2007

Parliamentary elections to the unicameral Assembly of Kosovo (Kuvendi i Kosovës, Serbian: Скупштина Косова, transliterated Skupština Kosova) were held on 17 November 2007, together with municipal elections.

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Kosovo Agency of Statistics

Kosovo Agency of Statistics (Agjencia e statistikave të Kosovës, script) is the Kosovan national statistics bureau.

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Kosovo Albanians

Albanians are the largest ethnic group in Kosovo, commonly called Kosovar Albanians, Kosovan Albanians or Kosovo Albanians and simply Kosovars.

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Kosovo at the 2015 European Games

Kosovo participated as a sovereign country at the 2015 European Games, in Baku, Azerbaijan from 12 to 28 June 2015.

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Kosovo at the Olympics

Kosovo has made its Olympic debut as a member state in 2016.

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Kosovo field (Kosovo)

The Kosovo field (Косово поље / Kosovo polje, fusha e Kosovës, Amselfeld, Rigómező) is a large karst field (polje), a plain located in the eastern part of Kosovo (Kosovo proper).

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Kosovo Force

The Kosovo Force (KFOR) is a NATO-led international peacekeeping force which was responsible for establishing a secure environment in Kosovo.

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Kosovo je Srbija

"Kosovo je Srbija" (Косово је Србија; Kosovo is Serbia) is a slogan used in Serbia since at least 2004, popularised as a reaction to Kosovo's declaration of independence from Serbia on 17 February 2008.

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Kosovo Judicial Council

Kosovo Judicial Council (Këshilli Gjyqësor i Kosovës) (KJC) is the oversight body that aims to ensure the independence and impartiality of the judicial system, and the administration of justice in the Republic of Kosovo.

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Kosovo Liberation Army

No description.

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Kosovo national football team

The Kosovo national football team (Përfaqësuesja e futbollit të Kosovës, translit) represents Kosovo in international men's football.

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Kosovo Police

Kosovo Police (Policia e Kosovës); is the policing law enforcement agency of the Republic of Kosovo.

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Kosovo Polje

Kosovo Polje (Косово Поље, "Kosovo Field") or Fushë Kosovë (Fushë Kosova) is a town and municipality located in the Pristina district in central of Kosovo.

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Kosovo Protection Corps

The Kosovo Protection Corps (Trupat e Mbrojtjes së Kosovës) was a civilian emergency services organisation in Kosovo active from 1999 to 2009.

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Kosovo Security Force

The Kosovo Security Force (Forca e Sigurisë së Kosovës; Косовске безбедносне снаге/Kosovske bezbednosne snage, abbr. KSF) is the security force of Kosovo, tasked with conducting crisis response operations in Kosovo and abroad and civil protection operations in Kosovo.

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Kosovo Serbs

Kosovo Serbs are the largest ethnic minority group in Kosovo, numbering around 150,000 people.

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Kosovo Vilayet

The Vilayet of Kosovo (ولايت قوصوه, Vilâyet-i Kosova; Kosova Vilayeti; Vilajeti i Kosovës; Macedonian: Косовски вилает, Kosovski vilaet; Serbian: Косовски вилајет, Kosovski vilajet) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkan Peninsula which included the current territory of Kosovo and the western part of the Republic of Macedonia.

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Kosovo War

No description.

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Kratovo, Macedonia

Kratovo (Кратово) is a small town in Macedonia.

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Kukës

Kukës (Kukësi) is a city in the Republic of Albania.

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Kumanovo

Kumanovo (Куманово; also known by other alternative names) is a city in the Republic of Macedonia and is the seat of Kumanovo Municipality, the largest municipality in the country.

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Lake

A lake is an area filled with water, localized in a basin, that is surrounded by land, apart from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake.

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Lake Radonjić massacre

The Lake Radonjić massacre or the Massacre at Lake Radonjić (Масакр на Радоњићком језеру, Masakra e Liqeni i Radoniqit) refers to the mass murder of at least 34 Kosovo Serb and Kosovo Albanian civilians near Lake Radonjić, by the village of Glodjane, in Kosovo, Federal Republic of Yugoslavia on 9 September 1998.

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Lamb and mutton

Lamb, hogget, and mutton are the meat of domestic sheep (species Ovis aries) at different ages.

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Landlocked country

A landlocked state or landlocked country is a sovereign state entirely enclosed by land, or whose only coastlines lie on closed seas.

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Latin peoples

Latin peoples, also called Romance peoples, is a term used broadly to refer to those societies heavily influenced by Roman culture that, after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, started to diverge from the spoken Vulgar Latin language, creating localized versions which nowadays make up the Romance languages.

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Lazar of Serbia

Prince Lazar Hrebeljanović (Лазар Хребељановић; ca. 1329 – 15 June 1389) was a medieval Serbian ruler who created the largest and most powerful state on the territory of the disintegrated Serbian Empire.

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League of Lezhë

The League of Lezhë (Besëlidhja e Lezhës) was a military alliance of Albanian feudal lords forged in Lezhë on 2 March 1444, with Skanderbeg as leader of the regional Albanian and Serbian chieftains united against the Ottoman Empire.

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League of Prizren

The League of Prizren (Besëlidhja e Prizrenit), officially the League for the Defense of the Rights of the Albanian Nation (Lidhja për mbrojtjen e të drejtave te kombit Shqiptar), was an Albanian political organization officially founded on June 10, 1878 in the old town of Prizren, in the Kosova Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire.

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Left- and right-hand traffic

The terms right-hand traffic (RHT) and left-hand traffic (LHT) refer to the practice, in bidirectional traffic situations, to keep to the right side or to the left side of the road, respectively.

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Legislature

A legislature is a deliberative assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city.

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Lesser kestrel

The lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni) is a small falcon.

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Lindita (singer)

Lindita Halimi (born 24 March 1989), commonly known as simply Lindita, is a Kosovo-Albanian singer and songwriter.

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Lipljan

Lipljan (Липљан) or Lipjan (Lipjani) is a town and municipality located in the Pristina District of Kosovo.

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List of Albanian painters

Following is a list of notable Albanian painters & sculptors.

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List of cities in Kosovo

This is the list of total 37 cities and towns in Kosovo, listed by population according to the data of 2011 census.

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List of diplomatic missions in Kosovo

The Republic of Kosovo is recognised by UN member states, as well as the Republic of China (Taiwan), Sovereign Military Order of Malta, the Cook Islands and Niue; 21 of which have opened embassies in Pristina.

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List of diplomatic missions of Kosovo

This page is a list of diplomatic missions of Kosovo.

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List of heads of the Serbian Orthodox Church

This article lists the heads of the Serbian Orthodox Church, since the establishment of the church as an autocephalous Archbishopric in 1219 to today's Patriarchate.

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List of Kosovo Albanians

This is a list of historical and living Kosovar Albanians (ethnic Albanian people from Kosovo or people of full or partial Kosovar Albanian ancestry) who are famous or notable, sorted by occupation and name.

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List of national independence days

An Independence Day is an annual event commemorating the anniversary of a nation's independence or statehood, usually after ceasing to be a group or part of another nation or state; more rarely after the end of a military occupation; and in the unique case of Singapore, expulsion from Malaysia.

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List of pre-college music schools

No description.

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List of rock formations

A rock formation is an isolated, scenic, or spectacular surface rock outcrop.

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List of Serbian Orthodox monasteries

This is a list of Serbian Orthodox Christian monasteries.

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List of Slavic cultures

This is a list of the cultures of Slavic Europe.

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List of states with limited recognition

A number of polities have declared independence and sought diplomatic recognition from the international community as de jure sovereign states, but have not been universally recognised as such.

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List of territorial disputes

This is a list of territorial disputes over lands around the world, both past and in modern times.

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List of World Heritage in Danger

The List of World Heritage in Danger is compiled by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) through the World Heritage Committee according to Article 11.4 of the World Heritage Convention,Full title: Convention concerning the protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage which was established in 1972 to designate and manage World Heritage Sites.

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Lorik Cana

Lorik Agim Cana (born 27 July 1983) is an Albanian former professional footballer.

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Lynx

A lynx (plural lynx or lynxes) is any of the four species (Canada lynx, Iberian lynx, Eurasian lynx, Bobcat) within the medium-sized wild cat genus Lynx.

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Macmillan Publishers

Macmillan Publishers Ltd (occasionally known as the Macmillan Group) is an international publishing company owned by Holtzbrinck Publishing Group.

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Majlinda Kelmendi

Majlinda Kelmendi (born 9 May 1991) is a Kosovar-Albanian judoka and a double world champion with two European titles.

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Mališevo

Mališevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Малишево) or Malisheva (Malishevë), is a town and municipality located in the Prizren District of Kosovo.

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Marigona Dragusha

Marigona Dragusha (born 23 September 1990) also known as Gona Dragusha is a Kosovar model and beauty queen who placed as the 2nd runner-up at the Miss Universe 2009 pageant.

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Marko Simonović

Marko Simonović (Марко Симоновић, born May 30, 1986) is a Serbian professional basketball player for Zenit Saint Petersburg of the VTB United League.

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Martti Ahtisaari

Martti Ahtisaari (officially Martti Oiva Kalevi Ahtisaari; born 23 June 1937) is a Finnish politician, the tenth President of Finland (1994–2000), a Nobel Peace Prize laureate, and a United Nations diplomat and mediator noted for his international peace work.

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Masar Caka

Masar Caka (1946 - 2000) was an Albanian painter.

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Master's degree

A master's degree (from Latin magister) is an academic degree awarded by universities or colleges upon completion of a course of study demonstrating mastery or a high-order overview of a specific field of study or area of professional practice.

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Media of Kosovo

The Media of Kosovo consists of different kinds of communicative media such as radio, television, newspapers, and internet web sites.

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Medical school

A medical school is a tertiary educational institution —or part of such an institution— that teaches medicine, and awards a professional degree for physicians and surgeons.

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Medieval Monuments in Kosovo

The Medieval Monuments in Kosovo are a World Heritage Site consisting of four Serbian Orthodox Christian churches and monasteries which represent the fusion of the eastern Orthodox Byzantine and the western Romanesque ecclesiastical architecture to form the Palaiologian Renaissance style.

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Mediterranean climate

A Mediterranean climate or dry summer climate is characterized by rainy winters and dry summers.

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Member state of the European Union

The European Union (EU) consists of 28 member states.

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Merdare

Merdare is a village in the municipality of Kuršumlija, Serbia.

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Merlot

Merlot is a dark blue-colored wine grape variety, that is used as both a blending grape and for varietal wines.

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Mesolithic

In Old World archaeology, Mesolithic (Greek: μέσος, mesos "middle"; λίθος, lithos "stone") is the period between the Upper Paleolithic and the Neolithic.

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Metohija

Metohija (Метохија) or Dukagjini (Rrafshi i Dukagjinit)) is a large basin and the name of the region covering the southwestern part of Kosovo. The region covers 35% (3,891 km2) of Kosovo's total area. According to the 2011 census, the population of the region is 700,577.

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Metres above sea level

Metres above mean sea level (MAMSL) or simply metres above sea level (MASL or m a.s.l.) is a standard metric measurement in metres of the elevation or altitude of a location in reference to a historic mean sea level.

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Michael Attaleiates

Michael Attaleiates or Attaliates (Μιχαήλ Ἀτταλειάτης) (c. 1022-1080) was a Byzantine public servant and historian active in Constantinople and around the empire's provinces in the second half of the eleventh century.

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Middle Ages

In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages (or Medieval Period) lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.

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Military of the Ottoman Empire

The history of the military of the Ottoman Empire can be divided in five main periods.

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Milutin Šoškić

Milutin Šoškić (Serbian Cyrillic: Милутин Шошкић; born 31 December 1937) is a Serbian former goalkeeper who is one of FK Partizan's biggest legends.

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Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (Kosovo)

The Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of the Republic of Kosovo (MEST) writes laws for education and science in Kosovo.

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Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Kosovo)

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ministria e Punëve të Jashtme; Serbo-Croat: Ministarstvo Inostranih Poslova, Министарство Иностраних Послова) of Kosovo is a department of the Government of Kosovo in charge of foreign relations and admission of Kosovo into the European Union and North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO).

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Minority language

A minority language is a language spoken by a minority of the population of a territory.

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Minority Rights Group International

Minority Rights Group International (MRG) is an international human rights organisation founded with the objective of working to secure rights for ethnic, national, religious and linguistic minorities and indigenous peoples around the world.

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Miss Earth 2013

Miss Earth 2013, the 13th edition of the Miss Earth pageant, was held on 7 December 2013 at the Versailles Palace in Alabang, Muntinlupa, Philippines.

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Miss Kosovo

Miss Kosovo (Miss Kosova) is a national Beauty pageant in Kosovo.

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Miss Serbia

Miss Serbia (Miss Srbije) is a national Beauty pageant in Serbia.

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Miss Universe

Miss Universe is an annual international beauty pageant that is run by the American based Miss Universe Organization.

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Miss Universe 2008

Miss Universe 2008, the 57th Miss Universe pageant, was held on 14 July 2008 at the Crown Convention Center in Nha Trang, Vietnam.

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Miss Universe 2009

Miss Universe 2009, the 58th Miss Universe pageant, was held on 23 August at the Imperial Ballroom in Atlantis Paradise Island, Nassau, The Bahamas.

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Miss Universe 2014

Miss Universe 2014, the 63rd Miss Universe pageant, was held on 25 January 2015 at the FIU Arena in Miami, Florida, United States.

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Miss Universe Kosovo

Miss Universe Kosova is a national beauty pageant that sends representatives from Kosova to the Miss Universe pageant.

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Mitrovica, Kosovo

Mitrovica (Mitrovicë) or Kosovska Mitrovica (Serbian Cyrillic: Косовска Митровица) is a city and municipality located in the Mitrovica District of Kosovo.

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Moesia

Moesia (Latin: Moesia; Μοισία, Moisía) was an ancient region and later Roman province situated in the Balkans south of the Danube River.

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Moje 3

Moje 3 (Моје 3; English: My 3) was a Serbian girl group consisting of Mirna Radulović, Nevena Božović, and Sara Jovanović.

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Monastery

A monastery is a building or complex of buildings comprising the domestic quarters and workplaces of monastics, monks or nuns, whether living in communities or alone (hermits).

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Montenegro

Montenegro (Montenegrin: Црна Гора / Crna Gora, meaning "Black Mountain") is a sovereign state in Southeastern Europe.

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Monuments of Kosovo

Monuments of Kosovo comprise all the monuments that are located in Kosovo.

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Morava Banovina

The Morava Banovina or Morava Banate (Serbian: Моравска бановина/Moravska banovina) was a province (banovina) of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia between 1929 and 1941.

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Mountain

A mountain is a large landform that stretches above the surrounding land in a limited area, usually in the form of a peak.

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Multi-party system

A multi-party system is a system in which multiple political parties across the political spectrum run for national election, and all have the capacity to gain control of government offices, separately or in coalition.

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Municipalities of Kosovo

A municipality (komunë, општина / opština) is the basic administrative division in Kosovo.

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Music of Albania

The Music of Albania (Muzika Shqiptare) is associated with the country of Albania and Albanian communities.

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Music of Serbia

Music of Serbia has a variety of traditional music, which is part of the wider Balkan tradition, with its own distinctive sound and characteristics.

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Muslim

A Muslim (مُسلِم) is someone who follows or practices Islam, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion.

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Muslim Mulliqi

Muslim Mulliqi (1934 – 13 January 1998) was an impressionist and expressionist painter of Kosovo.

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Muslim Slavs

Muslim Slavs or Slavic Muslims are ethnic groups or sub-ethnic groups of Slavs who are followers of Islam.

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Nation

A nation is a stable community of people, formed on the basis of a common language, territory, economic life, ethnicity or psychological make-up manifested in a common culture.

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National park

A national park is a park in use for conservation purposes.

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NATO

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO; Organisation du Traité de l'Atlantique Nord; OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 29 North American and European countries.

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NATO bombing of Yugoslavia

The NATO bombing of Yugoslavia was the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation's (NATO) military operation against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) during the Kosovo War.

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Nature reserve

A nature reserve (also called a natural reserve, bioreserve, (natural/nature) preserve, or (national/nature) conserve) is a protected area of importance for wildlife, flora, fauna or features of geological or other special interest, which is reserved and managed for conservation and to provide special opportunities for study or research.

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Nemanjić dynasty

The Nemanjić (Немањић, Nemanjići / Немањићи) was the most important dynasty of Serbia in the Middle Ages.

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Neolithic

The Neolithic was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 10,200 BC, according to the ASPRO chronology, in some parts of Western Asia, and later in other parts of the world and ending between 4500 and 2000 BC.

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Nerodimka (river)

The Nerodimka (Неродимка; Nerodimja, Nerodime), is a river in the Nerodimlje region of Kosovo, a 41 km-long left tributary to the Lepenac river.

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Nevena Božović

Nevena Božović (Невена Божовић) (born 15 June 1994) is a Serbian singer.

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New Year's Day

New Year's Day, also called simply New Year's or New Year, is observed on January 1, the first day of the year on the modern Gregorian calendar as well as the Julian calendar.

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Niš

Niš (Ниш) is the third-largest city in Serbia and the administrative center of the Nišava District.

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Nickel

Nickel is a chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28.

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Nimon Lokaj

Nimon Lokaj (Serbian Cyrillic: Нимон Локај) (born 7 December 1941 in Pobrde, near Deçan, Kingdom of Yugoslavia) is an Albanian painter.

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Noel Malcolm

Sir Noel Robert Malcolm, (born 26 December 1956) is an English political journalist, historian and academic.

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Nomenklatura

The nomenklatura (p; nomenclatura) were a category of people within the Soviet Union and other Eastern Bloc countries who held various key administrative positions in the bureaucracy, running all spheres of those countries' activity: government, industry, agriculture, education, etc., whose positions were granted only with approval by the communist party of each country or region.

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Nonviolent resistance

Nonviolent resistance (NVR or nonviolent action) is the practice of achieving goals such as social change through symbolic protests, civil disobedience, economic or political noncooperation, satyagraha, or other methods, while being nonviolent.

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Nora Gjakova

Nora Gjakova (born 17 August 1992) is a Kosovan judoka who fights for Kosovo U57kg and won European Games bronze in 2015.

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North Kosovo

North Kosovo (Северно Косово/Severno Kosovo; Kosova Veriore), also known as the Ibarski Kolašin (Serbian Cyrillic: Ибарски Колашин; Koloshini i Ibrit), is a region in the northern part of Kosovo, composed of four municipalities with ethnic Kosovo Serbs majority: North Mitrovica, Leposavić, Zvečan and Zubin Potok.

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Northern Albania

Northern Albania is one of the three NUTS-2 Regions of Albania.

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Novi Pazar

Novi Pazar (Нови Пазар, lit. "New Bazaar") is a city located in the Raška District of southwestern Serbia.

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Oblast

An oblast is a type of administrative division of Belarus, Bulgaria, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Ukraine, and the former Soviet Union and Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.

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Official language

An official language is a language that is given a special legal status in a particular country, state, or other jurisdiction.

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Olympic Committee of Kosovo

The Olympic Committee of Kosovo (Komiteti Olimpik i Kosovës, Олимпијски комитет Косова / Olimpijski komitet Kosova) is the National Olympic Committee representing Kosovo.

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Olympic Games

The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (Jeux olympiques) are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions.

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Olympique de Marseille

Olympique de Marseille, also known as l'OM or simply Marseille, is a French football club in Marseille.

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Orahovac

Orahovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Ораховац) or Rahovec (Rahoveci) is a town and municipality located in the District of Gjakova in western Kosovo.

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Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe

The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is the world's largest security-oriented intergovernmental organization.

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Ottoman dynasty

The Ottoman dynasty (Osmanlı Hanedanı) was made up of the members of the imperial House of Osman (خاندان آل عثمان Ḫānedān-ı Āl-ı ʿOsmān), also known as the Ottomans (Osmanlılar).

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Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire (دولت عليه عثمانیه,, literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire"The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.

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Ottomanism

Ottomanism (Turkish: Osmanlılık or Osmanlıcılık) was a concept which developed prior to the First Constitutional Era of the Ottoman Empire.

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Our Lady of Ljeviš

Our Lady of Ljeviš (Богородица Љевишка, Bogorodica Ljeviška; Kisha e Shën Premtës) is a 14th-century Serbian Orthodox church in the town of Prizren, located in southern Kosovo.

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Outline of Kosovo

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Kosovo, a territory in the Balkans.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.

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Palearctic realm

The Palearctic or Palaearctic is one of the eight biogeographic realms on the Earth's surface, first identified in the 19th century, and still in use today as the basis for zoogeographic classification.

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Paleolithic

The Paleolithic or Palaeolithic is a period in human prehistory distinguished by the original development of stone tools that covers c. 95% of human technological prehistory.

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Pan-European Corridor X

The Corridor X is one of the pan-European corridors.

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Paramilitary

A paramilitary is a semi-militarized force whose organizational structure, tactics, training, subculture, and (often) function are similar to those of a professional military, but which is not included as part of a state's formal armed forces.

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Parliamentary republic

A parliamentary republic is a republic that operates under a parliamentary system of government where the executive branch (the government) derives its legitimacy from and is accountable to the legislature (the parliament).

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Parliamentary system

A parliamentary system is a system of democratic governance of a state where the executive branch derives its democratic legitimacy from its ability to command the confidence of the legislative branch, typically a parliament, and is also held accountable to that parliament.

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Patriarchate of Peć (monastery)

The Patriarchate of Peć Monastery (Манастир Пећка патријаршија / Manastir Pećka patrijaršija;, Patrikana e Pejës) or Patriarchal Monastery of Peć is a medieval Serbian Orthodox monastery located near the city of Peć, in Kosovo.

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Peacekeeping

Peacekeeping refers to activities intended to create conditions that favour lasting peace.

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Peć

Peć (Пећ) or Peja (Pejë), is a city and municipality located in the Peć District of Kosovo.

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Petrit Çeku

Petrit Çeku (born 2 June 1985) is a Kosovo-Albanian classical guitarist.

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Phytogeography

Phytogeography (from Greek φυτό, phyto.

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Pinot noir

Pinot noir is a red wine grape variety of the species Vitis vinifera.

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Pita

Pita in Greek, sometimes spelled pitta (mainly UK), also known as Arabic bread, Lebanese bread, or Syrian bread, is a soft, slightly leavened flatbread baked from wheat flour, which originated in Western Asia, most probably Mesopotamia around 2500 BC.

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Pluto Press

Pluto Press is a British independent book publisher based in London.

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Podujevo

Podujevo (Подујево), or Podujeva or Besiana (Podujevë or Besianë), is a city and municipality in Kosovo's Prishtina District.

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Possessive determiner

Possessive determiners constitute a sub-class of determiners which modify a noun by attributing possession (or other sense of belonging) to someone or something.

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Preševo Valley

The Preševo Valley (Прешевска долина, Preševska dolina; Lugina e Preshevës) is a region in southern Serbia composed of the municipalities of Bujanovac and Preševo (sometimes Medveđa municipality is included in Preševo Valley).

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President of Kosovo

The President of Kosovo (Presidenti i Kosovës, Serbian: Predsednik Kosovo), officially styled the President of the Republic of Kosovo (Presidenti i Republikës së Kosovës, Serbian: Predsednik Republike Kosovo), is the head of state and chief representative of the Republic of Kosovo in the country and abroad.

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Press Freedom Index

The Press Freedom Index is an annual ranking of countries compiled and published by Reporters Without Borders based upon the organisation's own assessment of the countries' press freedom records in the previous year.

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Primary healthcare

Primary healthcare (PHC) refers to "essential health care" that is based on "scientifically sound and socially acceptable methods and technology, which make universal health care accessible to all individuals and families in a community.

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Prime Minister of Kosovo

The Prime Minister of the Republic of Kosovo (Kryeministri Republikës së Kosovës, Serbian: Премијер Pепубликe Косово/Premijer Republike Kosovо) is the head of government of the Republic of Kosovo.

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Prishtina International Film Festival

The Prishtina International Film Festival, also known as the Pristina Film Festival and PriFilmFest, is a film festival held annually in Pristina, Kosovo, that screens prominent international cinema productions in the Balkan region and beyond, and draws attention to the Kosovar film industry.

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Pristina

Pristina (Prishtina or Prishtinë) or Priština (Приштина), is the capital and largest city of Kosovo.

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Pristina International Airport

Pristina International Airport "Adem Jashari" (Aeroporti Ndërkombëtar i Prishtinës "Adem Jashari"; is an international airport located south-west of Pristina, Kosovo.

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Prizren

Prizren (Prizreni; Призрен) is a city and municipality located in the Prizren District of Kosovo.

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Prizren Fortress

Prizren Fortress (Призренски град/Prizrenski grad), also known as Kaljaja (Каlаја, Каљаја) and Dušan's Fortress (Душанов град / Dušanov grad), is a medieval fortress in Prizren, Kosovo, which once served as the capital of the Serbian Empire.

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Prokletije

Prokletije (Проклетије,; Bjeshkët e Nemuna; both translated as "cursed mountains"), also known as the Albanian Alps (Alpet Shqiptare) and the Accursed Mountains, is a mountain range on the western Balkan peninsula, extending from northern Albania to Kosovo and eastern Montenegro.

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R 6 Motorway (Kosovo)

The R 6 Motorway (or Autostrada Arbën Xhaferi) is a motorway located in Kosovo. It is 60 km long and it is being constructed with a budget of € 600 million. Forming part of the E65, it is the second motorway in Kosovo and it links the capital Pristina with the Macedonian border at Han i Elezit, which is about from Skopje. Construction of the motorway started in July 2014 and it is scheduled to be finished in late 2018. On 31st of December 2016, the first 23 kilometers from Pristina to Babush i Muhaxherëve was opened for traffic. On 22nd of December 2017, a further 11 kilometers from Babush i Muhaxherëve to Ferizaj was opened for traffic.

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R 7 Motorway (Kosovo)

The R 7 Motorway (or Ibrahim Rugova) is a motorway located in Kosovo.

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R 7.1 Motorway (Kosovo)

The R 7.1 Motorway is located in the eastern part of Kosovo.

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Račak massacre

The Račak massacre (Masakra e Reçakut)) or Račak operation (Акција Рачак/Akcija Račak) was the mass killing of 45 Kosovo Albanians that took place in the village of Račak (Reçak) in central Kosovo in January 1999. The killings were perpetrated by Serbian security forces. The Serbian government refused to let a war crimes prosecutor visit the site, and maintained that the casualties were all members of the rebel Kosovo Liberation Army killed in combat with state security forces. The killings were a major factor in NATO deciding to use force against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The killings were investigated by two separate forensic teams, the first a joint Yugoslavian and Belarusian team and the second a Finnish team. The first team's report, which was commissioned by the Yugoslav government, concluded that those killed, who included a woman and 12-year-old child, were all separatist guerrillas and not civilians.

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Ramadan Ramadani

Ramadan Ramadani (1944–2005) was a Kosovar painter from Ferizaj, Kosovo, a town southwest of Kosovo's capital city Pristina.

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Rambouillet Agreement

The Rambouillet Agreement was a proposed peace agreement between the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and a delegation representing the Albanian majority population of Kosovo.

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Ramush Haradinaj

Ramush Haradinaj (born 3 March 1968) is a Kosovo Albanian politician, who has been the Prime Minister of Kosovo since 9 September 2017 and leader of the AAK party.

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Rare species

A rare species is a group of organisms that are very uncommon, scarce, or infrequently encountered.

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Red Star Belgrade

Fudbalski klub Crvena zvezda (Фудбалски клуб Црвена звезда), commonly known in English as Red Star Belgrade (Црвена звезда Београд / Crvena zvezda Beograd) or simply Red Star, is a Serbian professional football club based in Belgrade, the major part of the Red Star multi-sport club.

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Regional Cooperation Council

The Regional Cooperation Council (RCC) is a regional cooperative framework for countries in Southeast Europe, with the goal of "promoting mutual cooperation and European and Euro-Atlantic integration of South East Europe in order to inspire development in the region to the benefit of its people".

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Reporters Without Borders

Reporters Without Borders (RWB), or Reporters Sans Frontières (RSF), is an international non-profit, non-governmental organization that promotes and defends freedom of information and freedom of the press.

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Representative democracy

Representative democracy (also indirect democracy, representative republic or psephocracy) is a type of democracy founded on the principle of elected officials representing a group of people, as opposed to direct democracy.

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Republic of Kosova

The Republic of Kosova (Republika e Kosovës) was a self-declared proto-state in 1992.

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Republic of Macedonia

Macedonia (translit), officially the Republic of Macedonia, is a country in the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.

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Richard Holbrooke

Richard Charles Albert Holbrooke (April 24, 1941 – December 13, 2010) was an American diplomat, magazine editor, author, professor, Peace Corps official, and investment banker.

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Rise of nationalism in the Ottoman Empire

The rise of the Western notion of nationalism under the Ottoman Empire eventually caused the breakdown of the Ottoman millet concept.

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Rita Ora

Rita Sahatçiu Ora (born Rita Sahatçiu; 26 November 1990) is a British singer and actress.

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River

A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or another river.

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Robert Elsie

Robert Elsie (June 29, 1950 – October 2, 2017) was a Canadian-born German scholar who specialized in Albanian literature and folklore.

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Roe deer

The European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), also known as the western roe deer, chevreuil, or simply roe deer or roe, is a Eurasian species of deer.

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Roman Empire

The Roman Empire (Imperium Rōmānum,; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr.) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia.

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Roman province

In Ancient Rome, a province (Latin: provincia, pl. provinciae) was the basic and, until the Tetrarchy (from 293 AD), the largest territorial and administrative unit of the empire's territorial possessions outside Italy.

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Romanesque architecture

Romanesque architecture is an architectural style of medieval Europe characterized by semi-circular arches.

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Romani language

Romani (also Romany; romani čhib) is any of several languages of the Romani people belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European language family.

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Romani people

The Romani (also spelled Romany), or Roma, are a traditionally itinerant ethnic group, living mostly in Europe and the Americas and originating from the northern Indian subcontinent, from the Rajasthan, Haryana, Punjab and Sindh regions of modern-day India and Pakistan.

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Rona Nishliu

Rona Nishliu (born 25 August 1986) is an Albanian Kosovar singer and songwriter.

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Rumelia

Rumelia (روم ايلى, Rūm-ėli; Rumeli), also known as Turkey in Europe, was a historical term describing the area in southeastern Europe that was administered by the Ottoman Empire, mainly the Balkan Peninsula.

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Russia

Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

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Sandžak

Sandžak (Санџак) or Sanjak is a historical geo-political region, now divided by the border between Serbia and Montenegro.

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Sanjak of Niš

The Sanjak of Niš (Niş Sancağı, Niški Sandžak, Нишки санджак/Nishki sandzhak, Sanxhaku i Nishit) was one of the sanjaks of the Ottoman Empire and its county town was Niš.

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Sapientia University

The Sapientia – Hungarian University of Transylvania is a private higher education institution of Hungarian language in the historic region of Transylvania, Romania.

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Sarma (food)

Sarma (from Turkish word "sarmak", meaning "to roll") is a dish of grape, cabbage, monk's rhubarb or chard leaves rolled around a filling usually based on minced meat, or a sweet dish of filo dough wrapped around a filling often of various kinds of chopped nuts.

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Second-class citizen

A second-class citizen is a person who is systematically discriminated against within a state or other political jurisdiction, despite their nominal status as a citizen or legal resident there.

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Secret ballot

The secret ballot is a voting method in which a voter's choices in an election or a referendum is anonymous, forestalling attempts to influence the voter by intimidation, blackmailing, and potential vote buying.

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Secular state

A secular state is an idea pertaining to secularism, whereby a state is or purports to be officially neutral in matters of religion, supporting neither religion nor irreligion.

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Secularity

Secularity (adjective form secular, from Latin saeculum meaning "worldly", "of a generation", "temporal", or a span of about 100 years) is the state of being separate from religion, or of not being exclusively allied with or against any particular religion.

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Secularization

Secularization (or secularisation) is the transformation of a society from close identification and affiliation with religious values and institutions toward nonreligious values and secular institutions.

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Self-determination

The right of people to self-determination is a cardinal principle in modern international law (commonly regarded as a jus cogens rule), binding, as such, on the United Nations as authoritative interpretation of the Charter's norms.

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Serbia

Serbia (Србија / Srbija),Pannonian Rusyn: Сербия; Szerbia; Albanian and Romanian: Serbia; Slovak and Czech: Srbsko,; Сърбия.

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Serbia and Montenegro

Serbia and Montenegro (Srbija i Crna Gora, Србија и Црна Гора; SCG, СЦГ), officially the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro (Državna Zajednica Srbija i Crna Gora, Државна Заједница Србија и Црна Гора), was a country in Southeast Europe, created from the two remaining federal republics of Yugoslavia after its breakup in 1992.

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Serbia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest

The participation of Serbia in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest first began in Bucharest, Romania at the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2006, having previously participated in as part of.

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Serbia in the Middle Ages

The medieval history of Serbia begins in the 6th century with the Slavic invasion of the Balkans, and lasts until the Ottoman occupation of 1540.

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Serbia men's national basketball team

The Serbian men's national basketball team is controlled by the Basketball Federation of Serbia.

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Serbian Empire

The Serbian Empire (Српско царство/Srpsko carstvo) is a historiographical term for the empire in the Balkan peninsula that emerged from the medieval Serbian Kingdom.

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Serbian enclaves in Kosovo

Serbian enclaves refers to settlements in Kosovo outside North Kosovo ("south of the Ibar") where Serbs form a majority.

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Serbian language

Serbian (српски / srpski) is the standardized variety of the Serbo-Croatian language mainly used by Serbs.

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Serbian Orthodox Church

The Serbian Orthodox Church (Српска православна црква / Srpska pravoslavna crkva) is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Christian Churches.

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Serbian Patriarchate of Peć

The Serbian Patriarchate of Peć (Српска патријаршија у Пећи, Srpska patrijaršija u Peći) or just Patriarchate of Peć (Пећка патријаршија, Pećka patrijaršija), was an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Patriarchate that existed from 1346 to 1766 with seat in Patriarchal Monastery of Peć.

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Serbian presidential election, 2008

A pre-term presidential election was held in Serbia on January 20 and February 3, 2008.

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Serbian-Turkish Wars (1876-1878)

The Serbian–Turkish Wars or Serbian–Ottoman Wars (српско-турски ратови / srpsko-turski ratovi), also known as the Serbian Wars for Independence (српски ратови за независност, srpski ratovi za nezavisnost), were two consequent wars (1876-1877 and 1877-1878), fought between the Principality of Serbia and the Ottoman Empire.

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Serbs

The Serbs (Срби / Srbi) are a South Slavic ethnic group that formed in the Balkans.

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Sharr Mountains National Park

The Sharr Mountains National Park (Parku Kombëtar Malet e Sharrit) is a national park in Ferizaj District and Prizren District of Southeastern Kosovo.

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Shok (film)

Shok is a Kosovan short drama film written and directed by Oscar nominated director Jamie Donoughue, based on true events during the Kosovo war.

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Sinan Pasha Mosque (Prizren)

The Sinan Pasha Mosque (Xhamia e Sinan Pashës; Sinan pašina džamija; Синан Пашина Џамија; Sinan Paşa Camii) is an Ottoman mosque in the city of Prizren, Kosovo.

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Sitnica

The Sitnica (Serbian Cyrillic: Ситница, Sitnicë) is a river in Kosovo.

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Skenderaj

Skenderaj (Skënderaj) or Srbica (Србица), is a town and municipality located in the Mitrovica District of Kosovo.

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Skopje

Skopje (Скопје) is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Macedonia.

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Slavs

Slavs are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group who speak the various Slavic languages of the larger Balto-Slavic linguistic group.

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Slobodan Milošević

Slobodan Milošević (Слободан Милошевић; 20 August 1941 – 11 March 2006) was a Yugoslav and Serbian politician and the President of Serbia (originally the Socialist Republic of Serbia, a constituent republic within the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) from 1989 to 1997 and President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1997 to 2000.

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Socialism

Socialism is a range of economic and social systems characterised by social ownership and democratic control of the means of production as well as the political theories and movements associated with them.

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Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo

The Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo (Социјалистичка Аутономна Покрајина Косово / Socijalistička Autonomna Pokrajina Kosovo, Krahina Socialiste Autonome e Kosovës; often abbreviated SAP Kosovo), comprising the Kosovo region, was one of the two autonomous provinces of Serbia within Yugoslavia (the other being Vojvodina), between 1945 and 1990, when it was renamed Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija.

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Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFR Yugoslavia or SFRY) was a socialist state led by the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, that existed from its foundation in the aftermath of World War II until its dissolution in 1992 amid the Yugoslav Wars.

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Socialist Republic of Macedonia

The Socialist Republic of Macedonia (Macedonian: Социјалистичка Република Македонија, Socijalistička Republika Makedonija) was one of the six constituent countries of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, and a socialist nation state of the Macedonians.

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Socialist Republic of Montenegro

Socialist Republic of Montenegro (Socijalistička republika Crna Gora/Социјалистичка република Црна Гора), was one of the 6 republics forming the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

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Socialist Republic of Serbia

The Socialist Republic of Serbia (Serbo-Croatian: Социјалистичка Република Србија/Socijalistička Republika Srbija) was one of the six constitutional republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

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South Morava

South Morava or in the past Bulgarian Morava (Macedonian and Serbian Cyrillic: Јужна Морава, Serbian Latin: Južna Morava,; Lumi Morava; Българска Морава, Balgarska Morava) is a river in eastern Kosovo and in southern Serbia, which represents the shorter headwater of Great Morava.

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South Slavic languages

The South Slavic languages are one of three branches of the Slavic languages.

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Southeast Europe

Southeast Europe or Southeastern Europe is a geographical region of Europe, consisting primarily of the coterminous Balkan peninsula.

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Southern Europe

Southern Europe is the southern region of the European continent.

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Sovereign state

A sovereign state is, in international law, a nonphysical juridical entity that is represented by one centralized government that has sovereignty over a geographic area.

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Sport

Sport (British English) or sports (American English) includes all forms of competitive physical activity or games which, through casual or organised participation, aim to use, maintain or improve physical ability and skills while providing enjoyment to participants, and in some cases, entertainment for spectators.

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Springer Science+Business Media

Springer Science+Business Media or Springer, part of Springer Nature since 2015, is a global publishing company that publishes books, e-books and peer-reviewed journals in science, humanities, technical and medical (STM) publishing.

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Stalinism

Stalinism is the means of governing and related policies implemented from the 1920s to 1953 by Joseph Stalin (1878–1953).

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Starčevo culture

The Starčevo culture, sometimes included within a larger grouping known as the Starčevo–Körös–Criş culture, is an archaeological culture of Southeastern Europe, dating to the Neolithic period between c. 6200 and 4500 BCE.

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State (polity)

A state is a compulsory political organization with a centralized government that maintains a monopoly of the legitimate use of force within a certain geographical territory.

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State church of the Roman Empire

Nicene Christianity became the state church of the Roman Empire with the Edict of Thessalonica in 380 AD, when Emperor Theodosius I made it the Empire's sole authorized religion.

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State religion

A state religion (also called an established religion or official religion) is a religious body or creed officially endorsed by the state.

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Stefan Dušan

Stefan Uroš IV Dušan (Стефан Урош IV Душан), known as Dušan the Mighty (Душан Силни/Dušan Silni; 1308 – 20 December 1355), was the King of Serbia from 8 September 1331 and Emperor of the Serbs and Greeks from 16 April 1346 until his death.

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Stefan Nemanja

Stefan Nemanja (Serbian Cyrillic: Стефан Немања,; 1113 – 13 February 1199) was the Grand Prince (Veliki Župan) of the Serbian Grand Principality (also known as Rascia) from 1166 to 1196.

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Stevan Mokranjac

Stevan Stojanovic (Стеван Стојановић,; 9 January 1856 – 28 September 1914), known as Stevan Mokranjac (Мокрањац) was a Serbian composer and music educator.

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Stevan Stojanović

Stevan Stojanović (Стеван Cтojaнoвић; born 29 October 1964) is a retired Serbian football goalkeeper best known for captaining Red Star Belgrade side which won the 1991 European Cup Final.

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Stoke City F.C.

Stoke City Football Club is an English professional football club based in Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire.

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Stone Age

The Stone Age was a broad prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make implements with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface.

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Stuffed peppers

Stuffed peppers is a dish which exists in different names and forms around the world.

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Sufism

Sufism, or Taṣawwuf (personal noun: ṣūfiyy / ṣūfī, mutaṣawwuf), variously defined as "Islamic mysticism",Martin Lings, What is Sufism? (Lahore: Suhail Academy, 2005; first imp. 1983, second imp. 1999), p.15 "the inward dimension of Islam" or "the phenomenon of mysticism within Islam",Massington, L., Radtke, B., Chittick, W. C., Jong, F. de, Lewisohn, L., Zarcone, Th., Ernst, C, Aubin, Françoise and J.O. Hunwick, “Taṣawwuf”, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition, edited by: P. Bearman, Th.

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Sujuk

Sucuk is a dry, spicy sausage which is eaten from the Balkans to the Middle East and Central Asia.

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Sunderland A.F.C.

Sunderland Association Football Club is an English professional football club based in the city of Sunderland, Tyne and Wear.

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Suva Reka

Suva Reka (Сува Река) or Suharekë is a town and municipality located in the Prizren district of central-southern Kosovo.

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Switzerland

Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a sovereign state in Europe.

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Switzerland national football team

The Switzerland national football team is the national football team of Switzerland.

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Tahir Emra

Tahir Emra (1938) is an Albanian painter.

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Team Albanians

Team Albanians, also known as TeamAlbanians is a United States-based nonprofit organization aiming to promote Albanian culture and tourism and to connect with the Albanian diaspora.

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Telegrafi

Telegrafi is a newspaper published in Kosovo.

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Telephone numbers in Kosovo

The dialing code for Kosovo is +383.

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Telephone numbers in Monaco

Telephone numbers in Monaco are eight digits in length, with fixed line numbers beginning with the digit 9 and mobile phone numbers with the digit 4.

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Telephone numbers in Serbia

Regulation of the telephone numbers in Serbia is under the responsibility of the Regulatory Agency of Electronic Communication and Mail Services (RATEL), independent from the government.

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Telephone numbers in Slovenia

Slovenia received a new country code following the breakup of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1991 (which previously had +38 as country code).

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Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest

Temperate broadleaf and mixed forest is a temperate climate terrestrial biome, with broadleaf tree ecoregions, and with conifer and broadleaf tree mixed coniferous forest ecoregions.

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Territorial integrity

Territorial integrity is the principle under international law that prohibits states from the use of force against the "territorial integrity or political independence" of another state.

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The Bahamas

The Bahamas, known officially as the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is an archipelagic state within the Lucayan Archipelago.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The World Factbook

The World Factbook, also known as the CIA World Factbook, is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world.

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Thessaloniki

Thessaloniki (Θεσσαλονίκη, Thessaloníki), also familiarly known as Thessalonica, Salonica, or Salonika is the second-largest city in Greece, with over 1 million inhabitants in its metropolitan area, and the capital of Greek Macedonia, the administrative region of Central Macedonia and the Decentralized Administration of Macedonia and Thrace.

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Thracians

The Thracians (Θρᾷκες Thrāikes; Thraci) were a group of Indo-European tribes inhabiting a large area in Eastern and Southeastern Europe.

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Three Windows and a Hanging

Three Windows and a Hanging (Tri Dritare dhe një Varje) is a 2014 Kosovan drama film directed by Isa Qosja.

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Time (magazine)

Time is an American weekly news magazine and news website published in New York City.

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Tirana

Tirana (—; Tiranë; Tirona) is the capital and most populous city of Albania.

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Tomato

The tomato (see pronunciation) is the edible, often red, fruit/berry of the plant Solanum lycopersicum, commonly known as a tomato plant.

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Tomislav Nikolić

Tomislav Nikolić (Томислав Николић,; born 15 February 1952) is a Serbian politician who served as the President of Serbia from 2012 to 2017.

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Topography

Topography is the study of the shape and features of the surface of the Earth and other observable astronomical objects including planets, moons, and asteroids.

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Treaty of London (1913)

The Treaty of London (1913) was signed on 30 May during the London Conference of 1912–13.

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Tulumba

Tulumba (tulumba tatlısı, τουλούμπα, Cypriot Turkish bombacık; Cypriot Greek πόμπα (pomba); Persian باميه (Bamieh); Armenian: պոմպ (pomp) or թուլումբա (tulumba), Albanian tolluma, Bosnian tulumba, Bulgarian, Macedonian, тулумба) is a popular dessert found in the cuisines of the former Ottoman Empire.

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Turkey

Turkey (Türkiye), officially the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.

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Turkish bath

A Turkish bath (hamam, translit) is a type of public bathing associated with the culture of the Ottoman Empire and more widely the Islamic world.

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Turkish cuisine

Turkish cuisine (Turkish: Türk mutfağı) is largely the heritage of Ottoman cuisine, which can be described as a fusion and refinement of Central Asian, Middle Eastern, Eastern European and Balkan cuisines.

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Turkish delight

Turkish delight, lokum or rahat lokum and many other transliterations (رَاحَة الْحُلْقُوم rāḥat al-ḥulqūm, Lokum or rahat lokum, from colloquial راحة الحلقوم rāḥat al-ḥalqūm, Azerbaijani) is a family of confections based on a gel of starch and sugar.

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Turkish language

Turkish, also referred to as Istanbul Turkish, is the most widely spoken of the Turkic languages, with around 10–15 million native speakers in Southeast Europe (mostly in East and Western Thrace) and 60–65 million native speakers in Western Asia (mostly in Anatolia).

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Turkish people

Turkish people or the Turks (Türkler), also known as Anatolian Turks (Anadolu Türkleri), are a Turkic ethnic group and nation living mainly in Turkey and speaking Turkish, the most widely spoken Turkic language.

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Turks in Kosovo

The Turks in Kosovo, also known as Kosovo Turks, Kosovan Turks (Kosova Türkleri) are the ethnic Turks who constitute a minority group in Kosovo.

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UNESCO

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; Organisation des Nations unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) based in Paris.

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Unitary state

A unitary state is a state governed as a single power in which the central government is ultimately supreme and any administrative divisions (sub-national units) exercise only the powers that the central government chooses to delegate.

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United Nations

The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation and to create and maintain international order.

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United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, is a United Nations programme with the mandate to protect refugees, forcibly displaced communities and stateless people, and assist in their voluntary repatriation, local integration or resettlement to a third country.

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United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo

The United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) is the officially mandated mission of the United Nations in Kosovo.

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United Nations Security Council

The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, charged with the maintenance of international peace and security as well as accepting new members to the United Nations and approving any changes to its United Nations Charter.

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United Nations Security Council resolution

A United Nations Security Council resolution is a UN resolution adopted by the fifteen members of the Security Council; the UN body charged with "primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security".

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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244

United Nations Security Council resolution 1244, adopted on 10 June 1999, after recalling resolutions 1160 (1998), 1199 (1998), 1203 (1998) and 1239 (1999), authorised an international civil and military presence in Kosovo (which was part of called "Federal Republic of Yugoslavia"): "Serbia - date of admission 1 November 2000, The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was admitted as a Member of the United Nations by General Assembly resolution A/RES/55/12 of 1 November 2000.

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Universiteti i Prishtinës

The University of Pristina (Universiteti i Prishtinës) is a public higher education institution located in Prishtina, Kosovo.

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University of Gothenburg

The University of Gothenburg (Göteborgs universitet) is a university in Sweden's second largest city, Gothenburg.

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Valon Behrami

Valon Behrami (born 19 April 1985) is a Swiss professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Udinese.

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Vardar Banovina

The Vardar Banovina or Vardar Banate or Banate of Vardar (Вардарската бановина; Вардарска бановина, Vardarska banovina) was a province (banate) of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia between 1929 and 1941.

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Vascular plant

Vascular plants (from Latin vasculum: duct), also known as tracheophytes (from the equivalent Greek term trachea) and also higher plants, form a large group of plants (c. 308,312 accepted known species) that are defined as those land plants that have lignified tissues (the xylem) for conducting water and minerals throughout the plant.

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Venice Commission

The Venice Commission is an advisory body of the Council of Europe, composed of independent experts in the field of constitutional law.

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Vernacular architecture

Vernacular architecture is an architectural style that is designed based on local needs, availability of construction materials and reflecting local traditions.

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Viktorija

Snežana Mišković (Снежана Мишковић;; born December 19, 1958), better known by her stage name Viktorija (Викторија), is a Serbian female rock singer known for her raspy voice.

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Vilayet

The Vilayets of the Ottoman Empire were the first-order administrative division, or provinces, of the later empire, introduced with the promulgation of the Vilayet Law (Teşkil-i Vilayet Nizamnamesi) of 21 January 1867.

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Vinča culture

The Vinča culture, also known as Turdaș culture or Turdaș–Vinča culture, is a Neolithic archaeological culture in Serbia and smaller parts of Romania (particularly Transylvania), dated to the period 5700–4500 BC.

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Visoki Dečani

Visoki Dečani (Високи Дечани, Manastiri i Deçanit), or simply Dečani is a medieval Serbian Orthodox Christian monastery located near Dečani, Kosovo.

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Vitina

Vitina (Serbian Cyrillic: Витина) or Vitia (Vitisë) is a town and municipality located in the Gjilan District of Kosovo.

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Vladimir Durković

Vladimir Durković (Serbian Cyrillic: Владимир Дурковић; 6 November 1937 – 22 June 1972) was a Serbian football defender who was successful for both club and country.

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Vojvodina

Vojvodina (Serbian and Croatian: Vojvodina; Војводина; Pannonian Rusyn: Войводина; Vajdaság; Slovak and Czech: Vojvodina; Voivodina), officially the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina (Аутономна Покрајина Војводина / Autonomna Pokrajina Vojvodina; see Names in other languages), is an autonomous province of Serbia, located in the northern part of the country, in the Pannonian Plain.

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Volleyball

Volleyball is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net.

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Vučitrn

Vučitrn (Вучитрн) or Vushtrri (Vushtrria), is a town and municipality located in the Mitrovica District in northern Kosovo.

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War crime

A war crime is an act that constitutes a serious violation of the laws of war that gives rise to individual criminal responsibility.

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Watford F.C.

Watford Football Club is a professional football club based in Watford, Hertfordshire, England, that plays in the Premier League, the highest level in the English football league system.

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West Ham United F.C.

West Ham United Football Club is a professional football club based in Stratford, East London, England.

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White Drin

The White Drin (Drini i Bardhë, Beli Drim, Бели Дрим) is a river in Kosovo and northern Albania, a ca.

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Wikimedia Commons

Wikimedia Commons (or simply Commons) is an online repository of free-use images, sounds, and other media files.

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Wild goat

The wild goat (Capra aegagrus) is a widespread species of goat, with a distribution ranging from Europe and Asia Minor to Central Asia and the Middle East.

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Wildcat

The wildcat is a small cat species complex comprising ''Felis silvestris'' and the ''Felis lybica''.

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Wiley-Blackwell

Wiley-Blackwell is the international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons.

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Wine

Wine is an alcoholic beverage made from grapes fermented without the addition of sugars, acids, enzymes, water, or other nutrients.

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Wolfgang Ischinger

Wolfgang Friedrich Ischinger (born April 6, 1946) is a German diplomat.

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Workforce

The workforce or labour force (labor force in American English; see spelling differences) is the labour pool in employment.

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World Bank

The World Bank (Banque mondiale) is an international financial institution that provides loans to countries of the world for capital projects.

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World Heritage site

A World Heritage site is a landmark or area which is selected by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as having cultural, historical, scientific or other form of significance, and is legally protected by international treaties.

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World War I

World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Xherdan Shaqiri

Xherdan Shaqiri (born 10 October 1991) is a Swiss professional footballer who plays as a winger for club Stoke City and the Swiss national team.

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Young Turks

Young Turks (Jön Türkler, from Les Jeunes Turcs) was a Turkish nationalist party in the early 20th century that consisted of Ottoman exiles, students, civil servants, and army officers.

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Yugoslav colonisation of Kosovo

The colonisation of Kosovo was a programme implemented by the Kingdom of Yugoslavia during the interwar period (1918–1941) with the aim of altering the ethnic population balance in the region where Albanians formed an ethnic majority.

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Yugoslav Wars

The Yugoslav Wars were a series of ethnic conflicts, wars of independence and insurgencies fought from 1991 to 1999/2001 in the former Yugoslavia.

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Yugoslavia in the Eurovision Song Contest

Yugoslavia participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 27 times, debuting in 1961 and competing every year until its last appearance in 1992, with the exceptions of 1977–1980 and 1985.

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Yugoslavia national basketball team

The SFR Yugoslavian national basketball team (Košarkaška reprezentacija Jugoslavije / Кошаркашка репрезентација Југославије; Jugoslovenska košarkaška reprezentacija; Кошаркашка репрезентација на Југославија) represented Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1943 until 1992 in international basketball matches and was controlled by the Basketball Federation of Yugoslavia (KSJ).

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Yugoslavia national football team

The Yugoslavia national football team represented the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1918–1941, until 1929 as Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes), and the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1943–1992, until November 29, 1945 as Democratic Federal Yugoslavia, 29 November 1945–1963 as Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia) in association football.

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Yugoslavism

Yugoslavism (Jugoslavizam / Југославизам, Jugoslavizem) or Yugoslavdom (Jugoslovenstvo / Југословенство, Jugoslovanstvo) refers to the nationalism or patriotism associated with South Slavs and Yugoslavia.

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Zana Krasniqi

Zana Krasniqi (born September 15, 1988 in Pristina) is a Kosovar fashion model and beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss Universe Kosovo 2008.

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Zeta Banovina

The Zeta Banovina or Zeta Banate (Serbo-Croatian: Зетска бановина, Zetska banovina) was a province (banovina) of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia between 1929 and 1941.

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Zinc

Zinc is a chemical element with symbol Zn and atomic number 30.

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Zubin Potok

Zubin Potok (Зубин Поток, Zubin Potoku) is a town and municipality located in the Mitrovica District in Kosovo.

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Zvečan

Zvečan (Звечан; Zveçan) is a town and municipality located in the Mitrovica District in Kosovo.

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1960 European Nations' Cup

The 1960 UEFA European Nations' Cup was the first European Football Championship, held every four years and endorsed by UEFA.

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1981 protests in Kosovo

In March and April 1981, a student protest in Pristina, the capital of the then Socialist Autonomous Province of Kosovo, led to widespread protests by Kosovo Albanians demanding more autonomy within the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

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1990–91 European Cup

The 1990–91 European Cup was the 36th season of the European Cup, a tournament for men's football clubs in nations affiliated to the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA).

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2004 unrest in Kosovo

The worst ethnic violence in Kosovo since the end of the 1999 conflict erupted in the partitioned town of Mitrovica, leaving hundreds wounded and at least 14 people dead.

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2008 Kosovo declaration of independence

The 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence was adopted on 17 February 2008 by the Assembly of Kosovo.

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2013 World Judo Championships

The 2013 World Judo Championships were held at the Ginásio do Maracanãzinho in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil from 26 August to 1 September.

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2014 European Judo Championships

The 2014 European Judo Championships were the 25th edition of the European Judo Championships, organised by the European Judo Union, and were held in Montpellier, France from April 24 to April 27, 2014.

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2014 World Judo Championships

The 2014 World Judo Championships were held in Chelyabinsk, Russia, from 25–31 August 2014, in the Traktor Ice Arena.

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2015 European Games

The 2015 European Games, also known as Baku 2015 or Baku 2015 European Games (Bakı 2015 Avropa Oyunları), were the inaugural edition of the European Games, an international multi-sport event for athletes representing the National Olympic Committees (NOCs) of the European Olympic Committees.

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2016 Summer Olympics

The 2016 Summer Olympics (Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2016), officially known as the Games of the XXXI Olympiad and commonly known as Rio 2016, was an international multi-sport event that was held from 5 to 21 August 2016 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with preliminary events in some sports beginning on 3 August.

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20th meridian east

The meridian 20° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Africa, the Atlantic and Indian oceans, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

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22nd meridian east

The meridian 22° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, Europe, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

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42nd parallel north

The 42nd parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 42 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane.

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43rd parallel north

The 43rd parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 43 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane.

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88th Academy Awards

The 88th Academy Awards ceremony, presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), honored the best films of 2015 and took place on February 28, 2016, at the Dolby Theatre in Hollywood, Los Angeles, 5:30 p.m. PST.

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Redirects here:

Albanian occupied Serbia, Communications in Kosovo, Cosovo, Cossovo, Culture of KV, Etymology of Kosovo, Independent Kosovo, Independent Republic of Kosovo, KOSOVO, Kocobo, Kosavo, Kosova, Kosova State, Kosovan culture, Kosove, Kosovo (geopolitical region), Kosovo (historical region), Kosovo (region), Kosovo State, Kosovo Valley, Kosovo basin, Kosovo proper, Kosovo region, Kosovo/Kosova, Kosovska kotlina, Kosovë, Kosvo, NATO Occupied Serbia, Republic of Kosovo, Republic of Kosovo (2008), Republika Kosovo, Republika e Kosoves, Republika e Kosovës, Rrafshi i Kosoves, Rrafshi i Kosovës, State of Kosova, The Kosovo, The Kossovo, The Republic of Kosovo, Косово, Република Косово.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosovo

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