Faster access than browser!
277 relations: Abdisho, Achaemenid Empire, Adana, Ahmad Sanjar, Al-Hasakah Governorate, Al-Maqdisi, Al-Nusra Front, Aleppo Governorate, Alevism, Allies of World War I, Amadiya, Anatolia, Ancient Mesopotamian religion, Ancient Rome, Annazids, Arabs, Aras (river), Ardalan, Area, Arecaceae, Armenia, Armenian Highlands, Armenian language, Armenians, Assyria, Assyrian people, Autonomy, Azerbaijan (Iran), Azerbaijanis, Şırnak, Baban, Baghdad, Bahdinan, Bar Hebraeus, Bashar al-Assad, Basra, Batman, Turkey, Battle of Chaldiran, Beth Garmai, Bitlis, Bushehr, Cement, Cherry plum, Chevron Corporation, Christian, Cizre, Coal, Collared pratincole, Colophon (publishing), Columbia Encyclopedia, ..., Common starling, Conifer cone, Continental climate, Copper, Corduene, Country code top-level domain, Crataegus monogyna, Cyrus the Great, Darius I, Date palm, Democratic Federation of Northern Syria, Dersim rebellion, Desert climate, Diyala River, Diyarbakır, Doğubayazıt, Eastern Anatolia Region, Edward Denison Ross, Emirate, Empire of Trebizond, Encyclopaedia of Islam, Encyclopædia Britannica, Erbil, Erzurum, Euphrates, Euphrates softshell turtle, Eurasian magpie, Eurasian otter, European robin, Evliya Çelebi, ExxonMobil, Fatwa, Fir, French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon, Genel Energy, Goitered gazelle, Gold, Golden jackal, Gospel, Governorate, Grain, Gray wolf, Great Zab, Griffon vulture, Guerrilla warfare, Gulf Keystone Petroleum, Gulf War, Gutian people, Hakkari, Hamdallah Mustawfi, Hamrin Mountains, Harir, Hasanwayhids, Hawraman, Hüseyin Çelik, Historical region, History of the Jews in Kurdistan, Hooded crow, Hulwan, Hunt Oil Company, Hurrians, Ilam Province, Ilam, Iran, Indian crested porcupine, Iran, Iranian Kurdistan, Iranian peoples, Iranian Plateau, Iraq, Iraqi Kurdistan, Iron, Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, Israel, Jabal al-Akrad, Kahramanmaraş, Kermanshah, Kermanshah Province, Khabur (Euphrates), Khabur (Tigris), Khuzestan Province, Kirkuk, Koçgiri rebellion, Kura (Caspian Sea), Kurd Mountains, Kurdish chiefdoms, Kurdish culture, Kurdish languages, Kurdish nationalism, Kurdistan Province, Kurdistan Regional Government, Kurdistan Workers' Party, Kurds, Lake Dukan, Lake Urmia, Lake Van, Late antiquity, League of Nations mandate, Limestone, Little crake, Little Zab, Livestock, Long-eared hedgehog, Lurs, Mahabad, Malatya, Mandatory Iraq, Mangar (fish), Mannaeans, Mar Qardagh, Marathon Oil, Marble, Marivan, Martial law, Marwanids, Marzban, Matthew of Edessa, Mediterranean climate, Mesopotamia, Michael the Syrian, Middle Ages, Mokryan, Mosul, Mount Abdulaziz, Mount Ararat, Mount Judi, Mount Nisir, Muş, Murat River, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, Nader Shah, Namaqua dove, Nation state, Northern Iraq offensive (June 2014), Oak, Olive, Onager, Ossetians, Ottoman Empire, Parthian Empire, Persian fallow deer, Persian Gulf, Persian people, Petroleum, Piranshahr, Iran, Platanus, Populus, Precipitation, Principality of Bitlis, Pyrus elaeagrifolia, Qamishli, Qandil Mountains, Raqqa Governorate, Rawadid dynasty, Rawandiz, Red fox, Republic of Ararat, Roman Republic, Rose hip, Sacred mountains, Safavid dynasty, Saker falcon, Sanandaj, Sasanian Empire, Seleucid Empire, Seljuk, Semi-arid climate, Shaddadids, Shahrizor, Sharafkhan Bidlisi, Sharafnama, Sheikh Said rebellion, Shrub, Siirt, Sinjar Mountains, Siverek, Snow, Sophene, Soran Emirate, Sorbus, Southeastern Anatolia Project, Southeastern Anatolia Region, Spotted flycatcher, Steppe, Strait of Hormuz, Striped hyena, Sulaymaniyah, Summary execution, Syria, Syriac Orthodox Church, Syrian brown bear, Syrian Civil War, Tabriz, Talisman Energy, Taurus Mountains, Terms for Syriac Christians, The New York Times, The World Factbook, Tigranocerta, Tigris, Toponymy, Total S.A., Transcaucasia, Treaty of Lausanne, Treaty of Sèvres, Treaty of Zuhab, Turkey, Turkish Kurdistan, Turkish people, Upper Mesopotamia, Urfa, Van Province, Van, Turkey, Vassal, Water pipit, West Azerbaijan Province, Wild boar, Willow, Yaqut al-Hamawi, Yarsanism, Yazidis, Zagros Mountains, Zinc, Zrebar Lake, Zuqnin Chronicle, .krd, 1980 Turkish coup d'état, 2003 invasion of Iraq. Expand index (227 more) »
Abdisho
Abdisho (Syriac: ʰbhedhišoʰ), a member of the Church of the East, was a deacon and martyr.
New!!: Kurdistan and Abdisho · See more »
Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire, also called the First Persian Empire, was an empire based in Western Asia, founded by Cyrus the Great.
New!!: Kurdistan and Achaemenid Empire · See more »
Adana
Adana (Ադանա) is a major city in southern Turkey.
New!!: Kurdistan and Adana · See more »
Ahmad Sanjar
Ahmad Sanjar (Persian: احمد سنجر; full name: Muizz ad-Dunya wa ad-Din Adud ad-Dawlah Abul-Harith Ahmad Sanjar ibn Malik-Shah) (b. 1085 – d. 8 May 1157) was the Seljuq ruler of Khorasan from 1097 until in 1118 Encyclopædia Iranica when he became the Sultan of the Seljuq Empire, which he ruled as until his death in 1157.
New!!: Kurdistan and Ahmad Sanjar · See more »
Al-Hasakah Governorate
Al-Hasakah Governorate (Muḥāfaẓat al-Ḥasakah, Parêzgeha Hesîçe, Huparkiyo d'Ḥasake, also known as Gozarto) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria.
New!!: Kurdistan and Al-Hasakah Governorate · See more »
Al-Maqdisi
Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad Shams al-Dīn al-Maqdisī (محمد بن أحمد شمس الدين المقدسي), also transliterated as al-Maqdisī or el-Mukaddasi, (c. 945/946 - 991) was a medieval Arab geographer, author of Aḥsan al-taqāsīm fī maʿrifat al-aqālīm (The Best Divisions in the Knowledge of the Regions), as well as author of the book, Description of Syria (Including Palestine).
New!!: Kurdistan and Al-Maqdisi · See more »
Al-Nusra Front
Al-Nusra Front or Jabhat al-Nusra (جبهة النصرة.), known as Jabhat Fateh al-Sham (جبهة فتح الشام, transliteration: Jabhat Fataḥ al-Šām) after July 2016, and also described as al-Qaeda in Syria or al-Qaeda in the Levant, was a Salafist jihadist organization fighting against Syrian government forces in the Syrian Civil War.
New!!: Kurdistan and Al-Nusra Front · See more »
Aleppo Governorate
Aleppo Governorate (محافظة حلب / ALA-LC: Muḥāfaẓat Ḥalab /) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria.
New!!: Kurdistan and Aleppo Governorate · See more »
Alevism
Alevism (Alevîlik or Anadolu Alevîliği/Alevileri, also called Qizilbash, or Shī‘ah Imāmī-Tasawwufī Ṭarīqah, or Shīʿah-ī Bāṭen’īyyah) is a syncretic, heterodox, and local tradition, whose adherents follow the mystical (''bāṭenī'') teachings of Ali, the Twelve Imams, and a descendant—the 13th century Alevi saint Haji Bektash Veli.
New!!: Kurdistan and Alevism · See more »
Allies of World War I
The Allies of World War I, or Entente Powers, were the countries that opposed the Central Powers in the First World War.
New!!: Kurdistan and Allies of World War I · See more »
Amadiya
Amadiya (Amêdî, ئامێدی, العمادية, ܥܲܡܵܕܝܵܐ Al-Emadiyah) is a Kurdish town and popular summer resort and Hill station along a tributary to the Great Zab in the Dahuk Governorate of Iraqi Kurdistan.
New!!: Kurdistan and Amadiya · See more »
Anatolia
Anatolia (Modern Greek: Ανατολία Anatolía, from Ἀνατολή Anatolḗ,; "east" or "rise"), also known as Asia Minor (Medieval and Modern Greek: Μικρά Ἀσία Mikrá Asía, "small Asia"), Asian Turkey, the Anatolian peninsula, or the Anatolian plateau, is the westernmost protrusion of Asia, which makes up the majority of modern-day Turkey.
New!!: Kurdistan and Anatolia · See more »
Ancient Mesopotamian religion
Mesopotamian religion refers to the religious beliefs and practices of the civilizations of ancient Mesopotamia, particularly Sumer, Akkad, Assyria and Babylonia between circa 3500 BC and 400 AD, after which they largely gave way to Syriac Christianity.
New!!: Kurdistan and Ancient Mesopotamian religion · See more »
Ancient Rome
In historiography, ancient Rome is Roman civilization from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, encompassing the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire until the fall of the western empire.
New!!: Kurdistan and Ancient Rome · See more »
Annazids
The Annazid or Banu Annaz or Al-Anazis (990–1116), were a Kurdish Sunni Muslim dynasty that ruled a territory on the present-day Iran-Iraq frontier that included Kermanshah, Ilam, Hulwan, Dinawar (all in western Iran), Sharazour, Daquq, Daskara, Bandanijin(Mandali), and No'maniya (in south-eastern Iraq).
New!!: Kurdistan and Annazids · See more »
Arabs
Arabs (عَرَب ISO 233, Arabic pronunciation) are a population inhabiting the Arab world.
New!!: Kurdistan and Arabs · See more »
Aras (river)
The Aras or Araxes is a river flowing through Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Aras (river) · See more »
Ardalan
Ardalan or Erdelan (1169–1867) was the name of a Kurdish vassaldom in north-western Iran during the Qajar period.
New!!: Kurdistan and Ardalan · See more »
Area
Area is the quantity that expresses the extent of a two-dimensional figure or shape, or planar lamina, in the plane.
New!!: Kurdistan and Area · See more »
Arecaceae
The Arecaceae are a botanical family of perennial trees, climbers, shrubs, and acaules commonly known as palm trees (owing to historical usage, the family is alternatively called Palmae).
New!!: Kurdistan and Arecaceae · See more »
Armenia
Armenia (translit), officially the Republic of Armenia (translit), is a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia.
New!!: Kurdistan and Armenia · See more »
Armenian Highlands
The Armenian Highlands (Haykakan leṙnašxarh; also known as the Armenian Upland, Armenian plateau, Armenian tableland,Hewsen, Robert H. "The Geography of Armenia" in The Armenian People From Ancient to Modern Times Volume I: The Dynastic Periods: From Antiquity to the Fourteenth Century. Richard G. Hovannisian (ed.) New York: St. Martin's Press, 1997, pp. 1-17 or simply Armenia) is the central-most and highest of three land-locked plateaus that together form the northern sector of the Middle East.
New!!: Kurdistan and Armenian Highlands · See more »
Armenian language
The Armenian language (reformed: հայերեն) is an Indo-European language spoken primarily by the Armenians.
New!!: Kurdistan and Armenian language · See more »
Armenians
Armenians (հայեր, hayer) are an ethnic group native to the Armenian Highlands.
New!!: Kurdistan and Armenians · See more »
Assyria
Assyria, also called the Assyrian Empire, was a major Semitic speaking Mesopotamian kingdom and empire of the ancient Near East and the Levant.
New!!: Kurdistan and Assyria · See more »
Assyrian people
Assyrian people (ܐܫܘܪܝܐ), or Syriacs (see terms for Syriac Christians), are an ethnic group indigenous to the Middle East.
New!!: Kurdistan and Assyrian people · See more »
Autonomy
In development or moral, political, and bioethical philosophy, autonomy is the capacity to make an informed, un-coerced decision.
New!!: Kurdistan and Autonomy · See more »
Azerbaijan (Iran)
Azerbaijan or Azarbaijan (آذربایجان Āzarbāijān; آذربایجان Azərbaycan), also known as Iranian Azerbaijan, is a historical region in northwestern Iran that borders Iraq, Turkey, the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, Armenia, and the Republic of Azerbaijan.
New!!: Kurdistan and Azerbaijan (Iran) · See more »
Azerbaijanis
Azerbaijanis or Azeris (Azərbaycanlılar آذربایجانلیلار, Azərilər آذریلر), also known as Azerbaijani Turks (Azərbaycan türkləri آذربایجان تورکلری), are a Turkic ethnic group living mainly in the Iranian region of Azerbaijan and the sovereign (former Soviet) Republic of Azerbaijan.
New!!: Kurdistan and Azerbaijanis · See more »
Şırnak
Şırnak (Kurdish: Şirnex) is a town in southeastern Turkey.
New!!: Kurdistan and Şırnak · See more »
Baban
The house of Baban (1649–1850) ruled a Kurdish principality which encompassed areas of present-day Iraqi Kurdistan and western Iran from the early 17th century until 1850.
New!!: Kurdistan and Baban · See more »
Baghdad
Baghdad (بغداد) is the capital of Iraq.
New!!: Kurdistan and Baghdad · See more »
Bahdinan
Bahdinan or Badinan (1376–1843) was one of the most powerful and enduring Muslim Kurdish principalities.
New!!: Kurdistan and Bahdinan · See more »
Bar Hebraeus
Gregory Bar Hebraeus (122630 July 1286), also known by his Latin name Abulpharagius or Syriac name Mor Gregorios Bar Ebraya, was a maphrian-catholicos (Chief bishop of Persia) of the Syriac Orthodox Church in the 13th century.
New!!: Kurdistan and Bar Hebraeus · See more »
Bashar al-Assad
Bashar Hafez al-Assad (بشار حافظ الأسد, Levantine pronunciation:;; born 11 September 1965) is a Syrian politician who has been the 19th and current President of Syria since 17 July 2000.
New!!: Kurdistan and Bashar al-Assad · See more »
Basra
Basra (البصرة al-Baṣrah), is an Iraqi city located on the Shatt al-Arab between Kuwait and Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Basra · See more »
Batman, Turkey
Batman (Êlih) is a city in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey and the capital of Batman Province.
New!!: Kurdistan and Batman, Turkey · See more »
Battle of Chaldiran
The Battle of Chaldiran (جنگ چالدران; Çaldıran Muharebesi) took place on 23 August 1514 and ended with a decisive victory for the Ottoman Empire over the Safavid Empire.
New!!: Kurdistan and Battle of Chaldiran · See more »
Beth Garmai
Beth Garmai, (باجرمي, Middle Persian: Garamig/Garamīkān/Garmagān, New Persian/Kurdish: Garmakan, ܒܝܬ ܓܪܡܐ, Latin and Greek: Garamaea) is a historical region around the city of Kirkuk in northern Iraq.
New!!: Kurdistan and Beth Garmai · See more »
Bitlis
Bitlis (Բաղեշ; Bidlîs; ܒܝܬ ܕܠܝܣ; بتليس; Βαλαλης Balales) is a city in eastern Turkey and the capital of Bitlis Province.
New!!: Kurdistan and Bitlis · See more »
Bushehr
Bushehr, or Bushire (بوشهر; also Romanised as Būshehr, Bouchehr, Buschir and Busehr; also Bandar Bushehr (بندر بوشهر), also Romanised as Bandar Būshehr and Bandar-e Būshehr; previously known as Beh Ardasher, Antiochia in Persis (Greek: Αντιόχεια της Περσίδος) and Bukht Ardashir), is the capital city of Bushehr Province, Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Bushehr · See more »
Cement
A cement is a binder, a substance used for construction that sets, hardens and adheres to other materials, binding them together.
New!!: Kurdistan and Cement · See more »
Cherry plum
Prunus cerasifera is a species of plum known by the common names cherry plum and myrobalan plum.
New!!: Kurdistan and Cherry plum · See more »
Chevron Corporation
Chevron Corporation is an American multinational energy corporation.
New!!: Kurdistan and Chevron Corporation · See more »
Christian
A Christian is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.
New!!: Kurdistan and Christian · See more »
Cizre
Cizre (Cizîr or Cizîra Botan, جزيرة ابن عمر, ܓܙܝܪܐ Gzirā or Gziro) is a town and district of Şırnak Province in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey, on the border with Syria, just to the northwest of the Turkish-Syrian-Iraqi tripoint.
New!!: Kurdistan and Cizre · See more »
Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams.
New!!: Kurdistan and Coal · See more »
Collared pratincole
The collared pratincole (Glareola pratincola), also known as the common pratincole or red-winged pratincole, is a wader in the pratincole family, Glareolidae.
New!!: Kurdistan and Collared pratincole · See more »
Colophon (publishing)
In publishing, a colophon is a brief statement containing information about the publication of a book such as the place of publication, the publisher, and the date of publication.
New!!: Kurdistan and Colophon (publishing) · See more »
Columbia Encyclopedia
The Columbia Encyclopedia is a one-volume encyclopedia produced by Columbia University Press and in the last edition, sold by the Gale Group.
New!!: Kurdistan and Columbia Encyclopedia · See more »
Common starling
The common starling (Sturnus vulgaris), also known as the European starling, or in the British Isles just the starling, is a medium-sized passerine bird in the starling family, Sturnidae.
New!!: Kurdistan and Common starling · See more »
Conifer cone
A cone (in formal botanical usage: strobilus, plural strobili) is an organ on plants in the division Pinophyta (conifers) that contains the reproductive structures.
New!!: Kurdistan and Conifer cone · See more »
Continental climate
Continental climates are defined in the Köppen climate classification as having the coldest month with the temperature never rising above 0.0° C (32°F) all month long.
New!!: Kurdistan and Continental climate · See more »
Copper
Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from cuprum) and atomic number 29.
New!!: Kurdistan and Copper · See more »
Corduene
Corduene (also known as Gorduene, Cordyene, Cardyene, Carduene, Gordyene, Gordyaea, Korduene, Gordian; Kardox; Karduya; Կորճայք Korchayk;; Hebrew: קרטיגיני) was an ancient region located in northern Mesopotamia, present-day eastern Turkey.
New!!: Kurdistan and Corduene · See more »
Country code top-level domain
A country code top-level domain (ccTLD) is an Internet top-level domain generally used or reserved for a country, sovereign state, or dependent territory identified with a country code.
New!!: Kurdistan and Country code top-level domain · See more »
Crataegus monogyna
Crataegus monogyna, known as common hawthorn or single-seeded hawthorn, is a species of hawthorn native to Europe, northwest Africa and western Asia.
New!!: Kurdistan and Crataegus monogyna · See more »
Cyrus the Great
Cyrus II of Persia (𐎤𐎢𐎽𐎢𐏁 Kūruš; New Persian: کوروش Kuruš;; c. 600 – 530 BC), commonly known as Cyrus the Great  and also called Cyrus the Elder by the Greeks, was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire, the first Persian Empire.
New!!: Kurdistan and Cyrus the Great · See more »
Darius I
Darius I (Old Persian: Dārayava(h)uš, New Persian: rtl Dāryuš;; c. 550–486 BCE) was the fourth king of the Persian Achaemenid Empire.
New!!: Kurdistan and Darius I · See more »
Date palm
Phoenix dactylifera, commonly known as date or date palm, is a flowering plant species in the palm family, Arecaceae, cultivated for its edible sweet fruit.
New!!: Kurdistan and Date palm · See more »
Democratic Federation of Northern Syria
The Democratic Federation of Northern Syria (DFNS), commonly known as Rojava, is a de facto autonomous region in northern Syria.
New!!: Kurdistan and Democratic Federation of Northern Syria · See more »
Dersim rebellion
The Dersim rebellion (Dersim İsyanı) was a Kurdish Zaza uprising against the Turkish government in the Dersim region of eastern Turkey, which includes parts of Tunceli Province, Elazığ Province, and Bingöl Province.
New!!: Kurdistan and Dersim rebellion · See more »
Desert climate
The Desert climate (in the Köppen climate classification BWh and BWk, sometimes also BWn), also known as an arid climate, is a climate in which precipitation is too low to sustain any vegetation at all, or at most a very scanty shrub, and does not meet the criteria to be classified as a polar climate.
New!!: Kurdistan and Desert climate · See more »
Diyala River
The Diyala River, is a river and tributary of the Tigris.
New!!: Kurdistan and Diyala River · See more »
Diyarbakır
Diyarbakır (Amida, script) is one of the largest cities in southeastern Turkey.
New!!: Kurdistan and Diyarbakır · See more »
Doğubayazıt
Doğubayazıt is a district of Ağrı Province of Turkey, and it is the easternmost district of Turkey, bordering Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Doğubayazıt · See more »
Eastern Anatolia Region
The Eastern Anatolia Region (Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey.
New!!: Kurdistan and Eastern Anatolia Region · See more »
Edward Denison Ross
Sir Edward Denison Ross (6 June 1871 – 20 September 1940) was an orientalist and linguist, specializing in languages of the Far East.
New!!: Kurdistan and Edward Denison Ross · See more »
Emirate
An emirate is a political territory that is ruled by a dynastic Arabic or Islamic monarch styled emir.
New!!: Kurdistan and Emirate · See more »
Empire of Trebizond
The Empire of Trebizond or the Trapezuntine Empire was a monarchy that flourished during the 13th through 15th centuries, consisting of the far northeastern corner of Anatolia and the southern Crimea.
New!!: Kurdistan and Empire of Trebizond · See more »
Encyclopaedia of Islam
The Encyclopaedia of Islam (EI) is an encyclopaedia of the academic discipline of Islamic studies published by Brill.
New!!: Kurdistan and Encyclopaedia of Islam · See more »
Encyclopædia Britannica
The Encyclopædia Britannica (Latin for "British Encyclopaedia"), published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.
New!!: Kurdistan and Encyclopædia Britannica · See more »
Erbil
Erbil, also spelt Arbil or Irbil, locally called Hawler by the Kurdish people (ھەولێر Hewlêr; أربيل, Arbīl; ܐܲܪܒܝܠ, Arbela), is the capital of Iraqi Kurdistan and the largest city in northern Iraq.
New!!: Kurdistan and Erbil · See more »
Erzurum
Erzurum (Կարին) is a city in eastern Anatolia (Asian Turkey).
New!!: Kurdistan and Erzurum · See more »
Euphrates
The Euphrates (Sumerian: Buranuna; 𒌓𒄒𒉣 Purattu; الفرات al-Furāt; ̇ܦܪܬ Pǝrāt; Եփրատ: Yeprat; פרת Perat; Fırat; Firat) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia.
New!!: Kurdistan and Euphrates · See more »
Euphrates softshell turtle
The Euphrates softshell turtle (Rafetus euphraticus), also known as the Mesopotamian softshell turtle, is a species of softshell turtle in the family Trionychidae.
New!!: Kurdistan and Euphrates softshell turtle · See more »
Eurasian magpie
The Eurasian magpie or common magpie (Pica pica) is a resident breeding bird throughout northern part of Eurasian continent.
New!!: Kurdistan and Eurasian magpie · See more »
Eurasian otter
The Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra), also known as the European otter, Eurasian river otter, common otter, and Old World otter, is a semiaquatic mammal native to Eurasia.
New!!: Kurdistan and Eurasian otter · See more »
European robin
The European robin (Erithacus rubecula), known simply as the robin or robin redbreast in the British Isles, is a small insectivorous passerine bird, specifically a chat, that was formerly classified as a member of the thrush family (Turdidae) but is now considered to be an Old World flycatcher.
New!!: Kurdistan and European robin · See more »
Evliya Çelebi
Mehmed Zilli (25 March 1611 – 1682), known as Evliya Çelebi (اوليا چلبى), was an Ottoman explorer who travelled through the territory of the Ottoman Empire and neighboring lands over a period of forty years, recording his commentary in a travelogue called the Seyahatname ("Book of Travel").
New!!: Kurdistan and Evliya Çelebi · See more »
ExxonMobil
Exxon Mobil Corporation, doing business as ExxonMobil, is an American multinational oil and gas corporation headquartered in Irving, Texas.
New!!: Kurdistan and ExxonMobil · See more »
Fatwa
A fatwā (فتوى; plural fatāwā فتاوى.) in the Islamic faith is a nonbinding but authoritative legal opinion or learned interpretation that the Sheikhul Islam, a qualified jurist or mufti, can give on issues pertaining to the Islamic law.
New!!: Kurdistan and Fatwa · See more »
Fir
Firs (Abies) are a genus of 48–56 species of evergreen coniferous trees in the family Pinaceae.
New!!: Kurdistan and Fir · See more »
French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon
The Mandate for Syria and Lebanon (Mandat français pour la Syrie et le Liban; الانتداب الفرنسي على سوريا ولبنان) (1923−1946) was a League of Nations mandate founded after the First World War and the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire concerning Syria and Lebanon.
New!!: Kurdistan and French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon · See more »
Genel Energy
Genel Energy plc is an oil company with a registered office in Jersey and field office in Turkey.
New!!: Kurdistan and Genel Energy · See more »
Goitered gazelle
The goitered or black-tailed gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa) is a gazelle found in Georgia, Azerbaijan, Iran, parts of Iraq and Pakistan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, India, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan and in northwest China and Mongolia.
New!!: Kurdistan and Goitered gazelle · See more »
Gold
Gold is a chemical element with symbol Au (from aurum) and atomic number 79, making it one of the higher atomic number elements that occur naturally.
New!!: Kurdistan and Gold · See more »
Golden jackal
The golden jackal (Canis aureus) is a wolf-like canid that is native to Southeast Europe, Southwest Asia, South Asia, and regions of Southeast Asia.
New!!: Kurdistan and Golden jackal · See more »
Gospel
Gospel is the Old English translation of Greek εὐαγγέλιον, evangelion, meaning "good news".
New!!: Kurdistan and Gospel · See more »
Governorate
A governorate is an administrative division of a country.
New!!: Kurdistan and Governorate · See more »
Grain
A grain is a small, hard, dry seed, with or without an attached hull or fruit layer, harvested for human or animal consumption.
New!!: Kurdistan and Grain · See more »
Gray wolf
The gray wolf (Canis lupus), also known as the timber wolf,Paquet, P. & Carbyn, L. W. (2003).
New!!: Kurdistan and Gray wolf · See more »
Great Zab
The Great Zab or Upper Zab ((al-Zāb al-Kabīr),,, (zāba ʻalya)) is an approximately long river flowing through Turkey and Iraq.
New!!: Kurdistan and Great Zab · See more »
Griffon vulture
The griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus) is a large Old World vulture in the bird of prey family Accipitridae.
New!!: Kurdistan and Griffon vulture · See more »
Guerrilla warfare
Guerrilla warfare is a form of irregular warfare in which a small group of combatants, such as paramilitary personnel, armed civilians, or irregulars, use military tactics including ambushes, sabotage, raids, petty warfare, hit-and-run tactics, and mobility to fight a larger and less-mobile traditional military.
New!!: Kurdistan and Guerrilla warfare · See more »
Gulf Keystone Petroleum
Gulf Keystone Petroleum Limited is an oil and gas exploration and production company operating in the Kurdistan region of Iraq.
New!!: Kurdistan and Gulf Keystone Petroleum · See more »
Gulf War
The Gulf War (2 August 199028 February 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Shield (2 August 199017 January 1991) for operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia and Operation Desert Storm (17 January 199128 February 1991) in its combat phase, was a war waged by coalition forces from 35 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.
New!!: Kurdistan and Gulf War · See more »
Gutian people
The Guti or Quti, also known by the derived exonyms Gutians or Guteans, were a nomadic people of the Zagros Mountains (on the border of modern Iran and Iraq) during ancient times.
New!!: Kurdistan and Gutian people · See more »
Hakkari
Hakkari (ܚܟܐܪܝ, or ܗܟܐܪܝ, Colemêrg), was a historical mountainous region lying between the plains of Nineveh to the south of Lake Van, encompassing parts of the modern provinces of Hakkâri, Şırnak, Van in Turkey and Dohuk in Iraq.
New!!: Kurdistan and Hakkari · See more »
Hamdallah Mustawfi
Ḥamdallāh Mustawfī Qazvīnī (1281–1349; fa) was a Persian historian, geographer and epic poet who was descended from a family of Arab origin.
New!!: Kurdistan and Hamdallah Mustawfi · See more »
Hamrin Mountains
The Hamrin Mountains (Arabic: جبل حمرين, Kurdish:چیای حەمرین Çiyayê Hemrîn or Çiyayên Hemrîn) are a small mountain ridge in northeast Iraq.
New!!: Kurdistan and Hamrin Mountains · See more »
Harir
Harir is a town and sub-district located in the district of Shaqlawa, Erbil, Iraqi Kurdistan.
New!!: Kurdistan and Harir · See more »
Hasanwayhids
Hasanawayhid or Hasanuyid (حسنویه, Dewleta Hesnewiyan) was a Kurdish Muslim principality from 961 to 1015, centered at Dinawar (northeast of present-day Kermanshah).
New!!: Kurdistan and Hasanwayhids · See more »
Hawraman
Hawrāmān (also Húrāmān) (ههورامان or Hewraman) or Ōrāmān (اورامان) or Avroman is a mountainous region located within the provinces of Kurdistan and Kermanshah in western Iran and in north-eastern Iraq within Iraq's Kurdistan Region.
New!!: Kurdistan and Hawraman · See more »
Hüseyin Çelik
Hüseyin Çelik (born 5 March 1959 in Gürpınar, Van) is a former Minister of National Education of Turkey and member of parliament for Van for the ruling Justice and Development Party.
New!!: Kurdistan and Hüseyin Çelik · See more »
Historical region
Historical regions (or historical countries) are geographic areas which at some point in time had a cultural, ethnic, linguistic or political basis, regardless of present-day borders.
New!!: Kurdistan and Historical region · See more »
History of the Jews in Kurdistan
Jews of Kurdistan (יהודי כורדיסטן, Yehudei Kurdistan, lit. Jews of Kurdistan; אנשא דידן,, lit. our people; Kurdên cihû) are the ancient Eastern Jewish communities, inhabiting the region known as Kurdistan in northern Mesopotamia, roughly covering parts of northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, northeastern Syria and southeastern Turkey.
New!!: Kurdistan and History of the Jews in Kurdistan · See more »
Hooded crow
The hooded crow (Corvus cornix) (also called hoodie) is a Eurasian bird species in the ''Corvus'' genus.
New!!: Kurdistan and Hooded crow · See more »
Hulwan
Hulwan was an ancient town on the Zagros Mountains in western Iran, located on the entrance of the Paytak Pass, nowadays identified with the village of Sarpol-e Zahab.
New!!: Kurdistan and Hulwan · See more »
Hunt Oil Company
Hunt Oil Co. is an independent oil and gas company headquartered in Dallas, Texas.
New!!: Kurdistan and Hunt Oil Company · See more »
Hurrians
The Hurrians (cuneiform:; transliteration: Ḫu-ur-ri; also called Hari, Khurrites, Hourri, Churri, Hurri or Hurriter) were a people of the Bronze Age Near East.
New!!: Kurdistan and Hurrians · See more »
Ilam Province
Ilam Province (استان ایلام) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Ilam Province · See more »
Ilam, Iran
Ilam (ايلام; also Romanized as Īlām and Elām) is a city and capital of Ilam Province, Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Ilam, Iran · See more »
Indian crested porcupine
The Indian crested porcupine (Hystrix indica), or Indian porcupine, is a large species of hystricomorph rodent (order Rodentia) belonging to the Old World porcupine family, Hystricidae.
New!!: Kurdistan and Indian crested porcupine · See more »
Iran
Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).
New!!: Kurdistan and Iran · See more »
Iranian Kurdistan
Iranian Kurdistan, or Eastern Kurdistan (Kurdish: Rojhilatê Kurdistanê), is an unofficial name for the parts of northwestern Iran inhabited by Kurds which borders Iraq and Turkey.
New!!: Kurdistan and Iranian Kurdistan · See more »
Iranian peoples
The Iranian peoples, or Iranic peoples, are a diverse Indo-European ethno-linguistic group that comprise the speakers of the Iranian languages.
New!!: Kurdistan and Iranian peoples · See more »
Iranian Plateau
The Iranian Plateau or the Persian Plateau is a geological formation in Western Asia and Central Asia.
New!!: Kurdistan and Iranian Plateau · See more »
Iraq
Iraq (or; العراق; عێراق), officially known as the Republic of Iraq (جُمُهورية العِراق; کۆماری عێراق), is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west.
New!!: Kurdistan and Iraq · See more »
Iraqi Kurdistan
Iraqi Kurdistan, officially called the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (Herêmî Kurdistan) by the Iraqi constitution, is an autonomous region located in northern Iraq.
New!!: Kurdistan and Iraqi Kurdistan · See more »
Iron
Iron is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from ferrum) and atomic number 26.
New!!: Kurdistan and Iron · See more »
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria or Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS), Islamic State (IS) and by its Arabic language acronym Daesh (داعش dāʿish), is a Salafi jihadist terrorist organisation and former unrecognised proto-state that follows a fundamentalist, Salafi/Wahhabi doctrine of Sunni Islam.
New!!: Kurdistan and Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant · See more »
Israel
Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea.
New!!: Kurdistan and Israel · See more »
Jabal al-Akrad
Jabal al Akrad (Kurdish: Çiyayê Kurdan, چیای کوردان; جبل الأكراد Jabal al-Akrād) literally the Mountain of the Kurds is a rural mountainous region with an elevation that ranges from 400 to 1,000 meters above sea level, in northwestern Syria along the Coastal Mountain Range.
New!!: Kurdistan and Jabal al-Akrad · See more »
Kahramanmaraş
Kahramanmaraş is a city in the Mediterranean Region, Turkey and the administrative center of Kahramanmaraş Province.
New!!: Kurdistan and Kahramanmaraş · See more »
Kermanshah
Kermanshah (کرمانشاه, کرماشان, Kirmashan; Kermānshāh; also known as Bākhtarān or Kermānshāhān), the capital of Kermanshah Province, is located from Tehran in the western part of Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Kermanshah · See more »
Kermanshah Province
Kermanshah Province (استان كرمانشاه, Ostān-e Kermanšah) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Kermanshah Province · See more »
Khabur (Euphrates)
The Khabur River is the largest perennial tributary to the Euphrates in Syrian territory.
New!!: Kurdistan and Khabur (Euphrates) · See more »
Khabur (Tigris)
The Khabur or Little Khabur (Xabûr, Ava Xabûr or Xabîr, Habur, Khabir or Habur Suyu (Habur Water)) is river that rises in Turkey and flows through Iraq to join the Tigris at the tripoint of Turkey, Iraq and Syria.
New!!: Kurdistan and Khabur (Tigris) · See more »
Khuzestan Province
Khuzestan Province (استان خوزستان Ostān-e Khūzestān, محافظة خوزستان Muḥāfaẓa Khūzistān) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Khuzestan Province · See more »
Kirkuk
Kirkuk (كركوك; کەرکووک; Kerkük) is a city in Iraq, serving as the capital of the Kirkuk Governorate, located north of Baghdad.
New!!: Kurdistan and Kirkuk · See more »
Koçgiri rebellion
The Koçgiri Rebellion or Koçkiri Rebellion was an Alevi Kurdish uprising, in the overwhelmingly militant Koçgiri region.
New!!: Kurdistan and Koçgiri rebellion · See more »
Kura (Caspian Sea)
The Kura (Kura; Kür; მტკვარი, Mt’k’vari; Կուր, Kur; Κῦρος, Cyrus; کوروش, Kuruš) is an east-flowing river south of the Greater Caucasus Mountains which drains the southern slopes of the Greater Caucasus east into the Caspian Sea.
New!!: Kurdistan and Kura (Caspian Sea) · See more »
Kurd Mountains
Kurd Mountains or Kurd-Dagh (جبل الأكراد Jabal al-Akrad, چیای کورمنج Çiyayê Kurmênc, Kurt Dağı), also called Aleppo Mountain (جبل حلب Jabal Ḥalab), is a highland region in northwestern Syria and southeastern Turkey.
New!!: Kurdistan and Kurd Mountains · See more »
Kurdish chiefdoms
The Kurdish chiefdoms or principalities were several semi-independent entities which existed during the 16th to 19th centuries during the state of continuous warfare between the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Kurdish chiefdoms · See more »
Kurdish culture
Kurdish culture is a group of distinctive cultural traits practiced by Kurdish people.
New!!: Kurdistan and Kurdish culture · See more »
Kurdish languages
Kurdish (Kurdî) is a continuum of Northwestern Iranian languages spoken by the Kurds in Western Asia.
New!!: Kurdistan and Kurdish languages · See more »
Kurdish nationalism
Kurdish nationalism (Kurdish: Kurdayetî, کوردایەتی) holds that the Kurdish people are deserving of a sovereign nation that would be partitioned out of areas in Turkey, northern Iraq, and Syria based on the promised nation of Kurdistan under the Treaty of Sèvres.
New!!: Kurdistan and Kurdish nationalism · See more »
Kurdistan Province
Kurdistan Province (استان کردستان, Ostān-e Kordestān) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Kurdistan Province · See more »
Kurdistan Regional Government
The Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) (حکوومەتی هەرێمی کوردستان, Hikûmetî Herêmî Kurdistan; حكومة اقليم كردستان, Ḥukūmat ʾIqlīm Kurdistān) is the official ruling body of the predominantly Kurdish region of Northern Iraq referred to as Iraqi Kurdistan or Southern Kurdistan.
New!!: Kurdistan and Kurdistan Regional Government · See more »
Kurdistan Workers' Party
The Kurdistan Workers' Party or PKK (Partiya Karkerên Kurdistanê) is an organization based in Turkey and Iraq.
New!!: Kurdistan and Kurdistan Workers' Party · See more »
Kurds
The Kurds (rtl, Kurd) or the Kurdish people (rtl, Gelî kurd), are an ethnic group in the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a contiguous area spanning adjacent parts of southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan), northwestern Iran (Eastern Kurdistan), northern Iraq (Southern Kurdistan), and northern Syria (Western Kurdistan).
New!!: Kurdistan and Kurds · See more »
Lake Dukan
Lake Dukan (or Lake Dokan) (دەریاچەی دووکان) is the largest lake in Iraqi Kurdistan.
New!!: Kurdistan and Lake Dukan · See more »
Lake Urmia
Lake Urmia (Daryāĉe Orumiye, Daryāche-ye Orumiye;, Urmiya gölü) is an endorheic salt lake in Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Lake Urmia · See more »
Lake Van
Lake Van (Van Gölü, Վանա լիճ, Vana lič̣, Gola Wanê), the largest lake in Turkey, lies in the far east of that country in the provinces of Van and Bitlis.
New!!: Kurdistan and Lake Van · See more »
Late antiquity
Late antiquity is a periodization used by historians to describe the time of transition from classical antiquity to the Middle Ages in mainland Europe, the Mediterranean world, and the Near East.
New!!: Kurdistan and Late antiquity · See more »
League of Nations mandate
A League of Nations mandate was a legal status for certain territories transferred from the control of one country to another following World War I, or the legal instruments that contained the internationally agreed-upon terms for administering the territory on behalf of the League of Nations.
New!!: Kurdistan and League of Nations mandate · See more »
Limestone
Limestone is a sedimentary rock, composed mainly of skeletal fragments of marine organisms such as coral, forams and molluscs.
New!!: Kurdistan and Limestone · See more »
Little crake
The little crake (Porzana parva) is a very small waterbird of the family Rallidae.
New!!: Kurdistan and Little crake · See more »
Little Zab
The Little Zab or Lower Zab (al-Zāb al-Asfal; or Zêyê Biçûk;, Zâb-e Kuchak;, Zāba Taḥtāya) originates in Iran and joins the Tigris just south of Al Zab in the Kurdistan region of Iraq.
New!!: Kurdistan and Little Zab · See more »
Livestock
Livestock are domesticated animals raised in an agricultural setting to produce labor and commodities such as meat, eggs, milk, fur, leather, and wool.
New!!: Kurdistan and Livestock · See more »
Long-eared hedgehog
The long-eared hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus) is a species of hedgehog native to Central Asian countries and some countries of the Middle East.
New!!: Kurdistan and Long-eared hedgehog · See more »
Lurs
Lurs (also Lors, Lurish: لورَل, Persian:لُرها) are an Iranian people living mainly in western and south-western Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Lurs · See more »
Mahabad
Mahabad (مهاباد; also Romanized as Mihābād and Muhābād), (Mehabad: مەهاباد); is a city and capital of Mahabad County, West Azarbaijan Province, Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Mahabad · See more »
Malatya
Malatya (Մալաթիա Malat'ya; Meletî; ܡܠܝܛܝܢܐ Malīṭīná; مالاتيا) is a large city in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey and the capital of Malatya Province.
New!!: Kurdistan and Malatya · See more »
Mandatory Iraq
The Kingdom of Iraq under British Administration, or Mandatory Iraq (الانتداب البريطاني على العراق), was created in 1921, following the 1920 Iraqi Revolt against the proposed British Mandate of Mesopotamia, and enacted via the 1922 Anglo-Iraqi Treaty.
New!!: Kurdistan and Mandatory Iraq · See more »
Mangar (fish)
The mangar (Luciobarbus esocinus) is a large vulnerable species of ray-finned fish in the genus Luciobarbus, native to the drainage basins of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers in Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey.
New!!: Kurdistan and Mangar (fish) · See more »
Mannaeans
The Mannaeans (country name usually Mannea; Akkadian: Mannai, possibly Biblical Minni, מנּי) were an ancient people who lived in the territory of present-day northwestern Iran south of lake Urmia, around the 10th to 7th centuries BC.
New!!: Kurdistan and Mannaeans · See more »
Mar Qardagh
Mar Qardagh (ܡܪܝ ܩܪܕܐܓ), was a Sassanid prince who was martyred for converting to Christianity.
New!!: Kurdistan and Mar Qardagh · See more »
Marathon Oil
Marathon Oil Corporation is an American petroleum and natural gas exploration and production company headquartered in the Marathon Oil Tower in Houston, Texas.
New!!: Kurdistan and Marathon Oil · See more »
Marble
Marble is a metamorphic rock composed of recrystallized carbonate minerals, most commonly calcite or dolomite.
New!!: Kurdistan and Marble · See more »
Marivan
Mariwan (مريوان,; مەریوان, Merîwan; also Romanized as Persian pronunciation Marīvān) also known as Qal‘eh-ye Marīvān - "Fort Marivan"; formerly, Dezhe Shahpur (Persian: دِژ شاهپور), also Romanized as Dezhe Shāhpūr and Dezhe Shapoor) is a city in – and the capital of – Marivan County, Kurdistan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 91,664, in 22,440 families. Before the foundation of the town in 1950s, Marîwan was the name of the region. The spoken language in the city is Kurdish, but the language which is used in schools and offices is Farsi, since the official language in Iran is Persian Almost everyone in the city are fluent in Farsi.
New!!: Kurdistan and Marivan · See more »
Martial law
Martial law is the imposition of direct military control of normal civilian functions of government, especially in response to a temporary emergency such as invasion or major disaster, or in an occupied territory. Martial law can be used by governments to enforce their rule over the public.
New!!: Kurdistan and Martial law · See more »
Marwanids
The Marwanids (990–1085) were a Kurdish Muslim dynasty in the Diyar Bakr region of Upper Mesopotamia (present day northern Iraq/southeastern Turkey) and Armenia, centered on the city of Amid (Diyarbakır).
New!!: Kurdistan and Marwanids · See more »
Marzban
Marzbān, or Marzpān (Middle Persian transliteration: mrzwpn, derived from marz "border, boundary" and the suffix -pān "guardian"; Modern Persian: مرزبان Marzbān) were a class of margraves, warden of the marches, and by extension military commanders, in charge of border provinces of the Parthian Empire (247 BC–224 AD) and mostly Sasanian Empire (224–651 AD) of Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Marzban · See more »
Matthew of Edessa
Matthew of Edessa (Matteos Uṛhayetsi; born in the second half of the 11th century – 1144) was an Armenian historian in the 12th century from the city of Edessa (Uṛha).
New!!: Kurdistan and Matthew of Edessa · See more »
Mediterranean climate
A Mediterranean climate or dry summer climate is characterized by rainy winters and dry summers.
New!!: Kurdistan and Mediterranean climate · See more »
Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia is a historical region in West Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in modern days roughly corresponding to most of Iraq, Kuwait, parts of Northern Saudi Arabia, the eastern parts of Syria, Southeastern Turkey, and regions along the Turkish–Syrian and Iran–Iraq borders.
New!!: Kurdistan and Mesopotamia · See more »
Michael the Syrian
Michael the Syrian (ܡܝܟܐܝܠ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ; died 1199 AD), also known as Michael the Great (ܡܝܟܐܝܠ ܪܒܐ) or Michael Syrus or Michael the Elder, to distinguish him from his nephew,William Wright, A short history of Syriac literature, p.250, n.3. was a patriarch of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 1166 to 1199. He is best known today as the author of the largest medieval Chronicle, which he composed in Syriac. Various other materials written in his own hand have survived.
New!!: Kurdistan and Michael the Syrian · See more »
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages (or Medieval Period) lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.
New!!: Kurdistan and Middle Ages · See more »
Mokryan
Mokryan also known as Mukriyan, Mukri, Mokri, Mokrī, Mokriyan, was a Muslim Kurdish emirate centered at Mahabad ruling areas to the south and west of lake Urmia, for four centuries from the end of the 15th century.
New!!: Kurdistan and Mokryan · See more »
Mosul
Mosul (الموصل, مووسڵ, Māwṣil) is a major city in northern Iraq. Located some north of Baghdad, Mosul stands on the west bank of the Tigris, opposite the ancient Assyrian city of Nineveh on the east bank. The metropolitan area has grown to encompass substantial areas on both the "Left Bank" (east side) and the "Right Bank" (west side), as the two banks are described by the locals compared to the flow direction of Tigris. At the start of the 21st century, Mosul and its surrounds had an ethnically and religiously diverse population; the majority of Mosul's population were Arabs, with Assyrians, Armenians, Turkmens, Kurds, Yazidis, Shabakis, Mandaeans, Kawliya, Circassians in addition to other, smaller ethnic minorities. In religious terms, mainstream Sunni Islam was the largest religion, but with a significant number of followers of the Salafi movement and Christianity (the latter followed by the Assyrians and Armenians), as well as Shia Islam, Sufism, Yazidism, Shabakism, Yarsanism and Mandaeism. Mosul's population grew rapidly around the turn of the millennium and by 2004 was estimated to be 1,846,500. In 2014, the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant seized control of the city. The Iraqi government recaptured it in the 2016–2017 Battle of Mosul. Historically, important products of the area include Mosul marble and oil. The city of Mosul is home to the University of Mosul and its renowned Medical College, which together was one of the largest educational and research centers in Iraq and the Middle East. Mosul, together with the nearby Nineveh plains, is one of the historic centers for the Assyrians and their churches; the Assyrian Church of the East; its offshoot, the Chaldean Catholic Church; and the Syriac Orthodox Church, containing the tombs of several Old Testament prophets such as Jonah, some of which were destroyed by ISIL in July 2014.
New!!: Kurdistan and Mosul · See more »
Mount Abdulaziz
Mount Abdulaziz or Abd al-Aziz (جبل عبدالعزيز, Çiyayê Kezwan) is a mountain ridge located in the southwestern part of the Hasakah Governorate, some 35 km west-south-west from the center of the city of Hasakah, in northeastern Syria.
New!!: Kurdistan and Mount Abdulaziz · See more »
Mount Ararat
Mount Ararat (Ağrı Dağı; Մասիս, Masis and Արարատ, Ararat) is a snow-capped and dormant compound volcano in the extreme east of Turkey.
New!!: Kurdistan and Mount Ararat · See more »
Mount Judi
Mount Judi (الجوديّ, קרדו, Cûdî, ܩܪܕܘ, Cudi), also spelled Guti and Kutu, according to very Early Christian and Islamic tradition (based on the Qur'an, Hud:44), is Noah's apobaterion or "Place of Descent", the location where the Ark came to rest after the Great Flood.
New!!: Kurdistan and Mount Judi · See more »
Mount Nisir
Mount Nisir (also spelled Mount Niṣir, and also called Mount Nimush), mentioned in the ancient Mesopotamian Epic of Gilgamesh, is supposedly the mountain known as today as Pir Omar Gudrun (elevation 9000 ft. (approx. 2743 m)), near the city Sulaymaniyah in Iraqi Kurdistan.
New!!: Kurdistan and Mount Nisir · See more »
Muş
Muş (transliterated as Mush, also historically Moush or Moosh; Մուշ, script) is a city and the provincial capital of Muş Province in Turkey.
New!!: Kurdistan and Muş · See more »
Murat River
The Murat River or Eastern Euphrates (Murat Nehri, Արածանի Aratsani) is the major source of the Euphrates River.
New!!: Kurdistan and Murat River · See more »
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (19 May 1881 (conventional) – 10 November 1938) was a Turkish army officer, revolutionary, and founder of the Republic of Turkey, serving as its first President from 1923 until his death in 1938.
New!!: Kurdistan and Mustafa Kemal Atatürk · See more »
Nader Shah
Nader Shah Afshar (نادر شاه افشار; also known as Nader Qoli Beyg نادر قلی بیگ or Tahmāsp Qoli Khan تهماسپ قلی خان) (August 1688 – 19 June 1747) was one of the most powerful Iranian rulers in the history of the nation, ruling as Shah of Persia (Iran) from 1736 to 1747 when he was assassinated during a rebellion.
New!!: Kurdistan and Nader Shah · See more »
Namaqua dove
The Namaqua dove (Oena capensis) is a small pigeon.
New!!: Kurdistan and Namaqua dove · See more »
Nation state
A nation state (or nation-state), in the most specific sense, is a country where a distinct cultural or ethnic group (a "nation" or "people") inhabits a territory and have formed a state (often a sovereign state) that they predominantly govern.
New!!: Kurdistan and Nation state · See more »
Northern Iraq offensive (June 2014)
The Northern Iraq offensive began on 4 June 2014, when the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL; sometimes referred to as the Islamic State (IS)) and aligned forces began a major offensive in northern Iraq against the Iraqi government, following earlier clashes that had begun in December 2013.
New!!: Kurdistan and Northern Iraq offensive (June 2014) · See more »
Oak
An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus Quercus (Latin "oak tree") of the beech family, Fagaceae.
New!!: Kurdistan and Oak · See more »
Olive
The olive, known by the botanical name Olea europaea, meaning "European olive", is a species of small tree in the family Oleaceae, found in the Mediterranean Basin from Portugal to the Levant, the Arabian Peninsula, and southern Asia as far east as China, as well as the Canary Islands and Réunion.
New!!: Kurdistan and Olive · See more »
Onager
The onager (Equus hemionus), also known as hemione or Asiatic wild ass, is a species of the family Equidae (horse family) native to Asia.
New!!: Kurdistan and Onager · See more »
Ossetians
The Ossetians or Ossetes (ир, ирæттæ,; дигорæ, дигорæнттæ) are an Iranian ethnic group of the Caucasus Mountains, indigenous to the region known as Ossetia.
New!!: Kurdistan and Ossetians · See more »
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (دولت عليه عثمانیه,, literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire"The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.
New!!: Kurdistan and Ottoman Empire · See more »
Parthian Empire
The Parthian Empire (247 BC – 224 AD), also known as the Arsacid Empire, was a major Iranian political and cultural power in ancient Iran and Iraq.
New!!: Kurdistan and Parthian Empire · See more »
Persian fallow deer
The Persian fallow deer (Dama dama mesopotamica) (gavazn-i zard in Persian) is a rare ruminant mammal belonging to the family Cervidae.
New!!: Kurdistan and Persian fallow deer · See more »
Persian Gulf
The Persian Gulf (lit), (الخليج الفارسي) is a mediterranean sea in Western Asia.
New!!: Kurdistan and Persian Gulf · See more »
Persian people
The Persians--> are an Iranian ethnic group that make up over half the population of Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Persian people · See more »
Petroleum
Petroleum is a naturally occurring, yellow-to-black liquid found in geological formations beneath the Earth's surface.
New!!: Kurdistan and Petroleum · See more »
Piranshahr, Iran
Piranshahr (پیرانشهر.; (Piranshahr: پیرانشهر); پیرانشهر‎. պիրանշար. Kurmancî Kurdish: Pîranşahr) is a city geopolitically located in the Islamic Republic of Iran and geographically in the western part of the country, but demographically located in the Northern parts of Iranian Kordestan and geolinguistically in the Eastern parts of the Greater Kurdish inhabited area.
New!!: Kurdistan and Piranshahr, Iran · See more »
Platanus
Platanus is a genus consisting of a small number of tree species native to the Northern Hemisphere.
New!!: Kurdistan and Platanus · See more »
Populus
Populus is a genus of 25–35 species of deciduous flowering plants in the family Salicaceae, native to most of the Northern Hemisphere.
New!!: Kurdistan and Populus · See more »
Precipitation
In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity.
New!!: Kurdistan and Precipitation · See more »
Principality of Bitlis
Principality of Bitlis (1182–1847), was a Kurdish Muslim principality originated from the Rojaki (or Rozagi) tribal confederation.
New!!: Kurdistan and Principality of Bitlis · See more »
Pyrus elaeagrifolia
Pyrus elaeagrifolia, the oleaster-leafed pear, is a species of wild pear plant in the genus Pyrus (Rosaceae), the specific name referring to the similarity of its foliage to that of Elaeagnus angustifolia - the so-called 'wild olive' or oleaster.
New!!: Kurdistan and Pyrus elaeagrifolia · See more »
Qamishli
Qamishli (القامشلي, Qamişlo, lit or translit) is a city in northeastern Syria on the border with Turkey, adjoining the Turkish city of Nusaybin, and close to Iraq.
New!!: Kurdistan and Qamishli · See more »
Qandil Mountains
The Qandil Mountains (چیای قەندیل Çiyayên Qendîl), are a mountainous area of Iraqi Kurdistan near the Iraq-Iran border.
New!!: Kurdistan and Qandil Mountains · See more »
Raqqa Governorate
Raqqa Governorate (Muḥāfaẓat ar-Raqqah) is one of the fourteen governorates (provinces) of Syria.
New!!: Kurdistan and Raqqa Governorate · See more »
Rawadid dynasty
Rawwadid or Ravvadid (also Revend or Revendi) or Banū rawwād (955–1071), was a Muslim ruling family of Arab descent during the Medieval era, centered on Azerbaijan (historic Azerbaijan, also known as Iranian Azerbaijan).
New!!: Kurdistan and Rawadid dynasty · See more »
Rawandiz
Rawandiz (رواندوز), also spelled Rawanduz, Rowanduz, or Rwandz, is a city in Iraq, located in Erbil, Iraq, close to the borders with Iran and Turkey, it is located 10 km to the east from Bekhal Waterfall.
New!!: Kurdistan and Rawandiz · See more »
Red fox
The red fox (Vulpes vulpes) is the largest of the true foxes and one of the most widely distributed members of the order Carnivora, being present across the entire Northern Hemisphere from the Arctic Circle to North Africa, North America and Eurasia.
New!!: Kurdistan and Red fox · See more »
Republic of Ararat
The Republic of Ararat, or Kurdish Republic of Ararat,Abbas Vali, Essays on the origins of Kurdish nationalism, Mazda Publishers, 2003,, was a self-proclaimed Kurdish state.
New!!: Kurdistan and Republic of Ararat · See more »
Roman Republic
The Roman Republic (Res publica Romana) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire.
New!!: Kurdistan and Roman Republic · See more »
Rose hip
The rose hip, also called rose haw and rose hep, is the accessory fruit of the rose plant.
New!!: Kurdistan and Rose hip · See more »
Sacred mountains
Sacred mountains are central to certain religions and are the subjects of many legends.
New!!: Kurdistan and Sacred mountains · See more »
Safavid dynasty
The Safavid dynasty (دودمان صفوی Dudmān e Safavi) was one of the most significant ruling dynasties of Iran, often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history.
New!!: Kurdistan and Safavid dynasty · See more »
Saker falcon
The saker falcon (Falco cherrug) is a large species of falcon.
New!!: Kurdistan and Saker falcon · See more »
Sanandaj
Sanandaj (سنە Sine; سنندج) is the capital of Kurdistan Province in Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Sanandaj · See more »
Sasanian Empire
The Sasanian Empire, also known as the Sassanian, Sasanid, Sassanid or Neo-Persian Empire (known to its inhabitants as Ērānshahr in Middle Persian), was the last period of the Persian Empire (Iran) before the rise of Islam, named after the House of Sasan, which ruled from 224 to 651 AD. The Sasanian Empire, which succeeded the Parthian Empire, was recognised as one of the leading world powers alongside its neighbouring arch-rival the Roman-Byzantine Empire, for a period of more than 400 years.Norman A. Stillman The Jews of Arab Lands pp 22 Jewish Publication Society, 1979 International Congress of Byzantine Studies Proceedings of the 21st International Congress of Byzantine Studies, London, 21–26 August 2006, Volumes 1-3 pp 29. Ashgate Pub Co, 30 sep. 2006 The Sasanian Empire was founded by Ardashir I, after the fall of the Parthian Empire and the defeat of the last Arsacid king, Artabanus V. At its greatest extent, the Sasanian Empire encompassed all of today's Iran, Iraq, Eastern Arabia (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatif, Qatar, UAE), the Levant (Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan), the Caucasus (Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Dagestan), Egypt, large parts of Turkey, much of Central Asia (Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan), Yemen and Pakistan. According to a legend, the vexilloid of the Sasanian Empire was the Derafsh Kaviani.Khaleghi-Motlagh, The Sasanian Empire during Late Antiquity is considered to have been one of Iran's most important and influential historical periods and constituted the last great Iranian empire before the Muslim conquest and the adoption of Islam. In many ways, the Sasanian period witnessed the peak of ancient Iranian civilisation. The Sasanians' cultural influence extended far beyond the empire's territorial borders, reaching as far as Western Europe, Africa, China and India. It played a prominent role in the formation of both European and Asian medieval art. Much of what later became known as Islamic culture in art, architecture, music and other subject matter was transferred from the Sasanians throughout the Muslim world.
New!!: Kurdistan and Sasanian Empire · See more »
Seleucid Empire
The Seleucid Empire (Βασιλεία τῶν Σελευκιδῶν, Basileía tōn Seleukidōn) was a Hellenistic state ruled by the Seleucid dynasty, which existed from 312 BC to 63 BC; Seleucus I Nicator founded it following the division of the Macedonian empire vastly expanded by Alexander the Great.
New!!: Kurdistan and Seleucid Empire · See more »
Seljuk
Seljuk may refer to.
New!!: Kurdistan and Seljuk · See more »
Semi-arid climate
A semi-arid climate or steppe climate is the climate of a region that receives precipitation below potential evapotranspiration, but not as low as a desert climate.
New!!: Kurdistan and Semi-arid climate · See more »
Shaddadids
The Shaddadids were a Muslim dynasty of Kurdish origin who ruled in various parts of Armenia and Arran from 951 to 1174 AD.
New!!: Kurdistan and Shaddadids · See more »
Shahrizor
Shahrizor is a plain between Suleimania and Darbandikhan, situated in the southeastern part of Iraqi Kurdistan, Iraq.
New!!: Kurdistan and Shahrizor · See more »
Sharafkhan Bidlisi
Sharaf al-Din Khan b. Shams al-Din b. Sharaf Beg Bedlisi (Kurdish: شەرەفخانی بەدلیسی, Şerefxanê Bedlîsî; شرفالدین خان بن شمسالدین بن شرف بیگ بدلیسی) (949-1012/1543-1603-04) was a medieval Kurdish emir and a politician from the Emirate of Bitlis.
New!!: Kurdistan and Sharafkhan Bidlisi · See more »
Sharafnama
The Sharafnama (Kurdish: شەرەفنامە Şerefname, "The Book of Honor", Persian: Sharafname, شرفنامه) is the famous book of Sharaf al-Din Bitlisi (a medieval Kurdish historian and poet) (1543–1599), which he wrote in 1597, in Persian.
New!!: Kurdistan and Sharafnama · See more »
Sheikh Said rebellion
The Sheikh Said Rebellion (Serhildana Seîdê Pîran, Şeyh Said İsyanı) or Genç Incident (Genç Hâdisesi) was a Kurdish rebellion aimed at reviving the Islamic caliphate and sultanate.
New!!: Kurdistan and Sheikh Said rebellion · See more »
Shrub
A shrub or bush is a small to medium-sized woody plant.
New!!: Kurdistan and Shrub · See more »
Siirt
Siirt (سِعِرْد Siʿird, Սղերդ Sġerd, ܣܥܪܬ siʿreth, Sêrt, سعرد Σύρτη) is a city in southeastern Turkey and the seat of Siirt Province). The population of the city according to the 2009 census was 129,188. The majority of the city's population is Arabic and Kurdish.
New!!: Kurdistan and Siirt · See more »
Sinjar Mountains
The Sinjar Mountains (Çiyayên Şengalê چیای شەنگال/شەنگار; جبل سنجار; also Shingal\Shengar Mountains) are a mountain range that runs east to west, rising above the surrounding alluvial steppe plains in northwestern Iraq to an elevation of.
New!!: Kurdistan and Sinjar Mountains · See more »
Siverek
Siverek (Zaza Language | Sêwreg) is a city and district in the south-east of Turkey, in Şanlıurfa Province.
New!!: Kurdistan and Siverek · See more »
Snow
Snow refers to forms of ice crystals that precipitate from the atmosphere (usually from clouds) and undergo changes on the Earth's surface.
New!!: Kurdistan and Snow · See more »
Sophene
Sophene (Ծոփք Tsopkh, translit or Չորրորդ Հայք, Fourth Armenia) was a province of the Armenian Kingdom and of the Roman Empire, located in the south-west of the kingdom.
New!!: Kurdistan and Sophene · See more »
Soran Emirate
Soran was a Kurdish Sunni Muslim emirate based in the geographic region of Kurdistan, specifically in what is today known as Iraqi (i.e. southern) Kurdistan.
New!!: Kurdistan and Soran Emirate · See more »
Sorbus
Sorbus is a genus of about 100–200 species of trees and shrubs in the rose family, Rosaceae.
New!!: Kurdistan and Sorbus · See more »
Southeastern Anatolia Project
The Southeastern Anatolia Project (Güneydoğu Anadolu Projesi, GAP) is a multi-sector integrated regional development project based on the concept of sustainable development for the 9 million people (2005) living in the Southeastern Anatolia region of Turkey.
New!!: Kurdistan and Southeastern Anatolia Project · See more »
Southeastern Anatolia Region
The Southeastern Anatolia Region (Güneydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi) is a geographical region of Turkey.
New!!: Kurdistan and Southeastern Anatolia Region · See more »
Spotted flycatcher
The spotted flycatcher (Muscicapa striata) is a small passerine bird in the Old World flycatcher family.
New!!: Kurdistan and Spotted flycatcher · See more »
Steppe
In physical geography, a steppe (p) is an ecoregion, in the montane grasslands and shrublands and temperate grasslands, savannas and shrublands biomes, characterized by grassland plains without trees apart from those near rivers and lakes.
New!!: Kurdistan and Steppe · See more »
Strait of Hormuz
The Strait of Hormuz (تنگه هرمز Tangeye Hormoz) is a strait between the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman.
New!!: Kurdistan and Strait of Hormuz · See more »
Striped hyena
The striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena) is a species of hyena native to North and East Africa, the Middle East, the Caucasus, Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent.
New!!: Kurdistan and Striped hyena · See more »
Sulaymaniyah
Sulaymaniyah (Iraqi:السليمانية, as-Sulaymāniyyah), also called Slemani, is a city in Iraqi Kurdistan.
New!!: Kurdistan and Sulaymaniyah · See more »
Summary execution
A summary execution is an execution in which a person is accused of a crime and immediately killed without benefit of a full and fair trial.
New!!: Kurdistan and Summary execution · See more »
Syria
Syria (سوريا), officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic (الجمهورية العربية السورية), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest.
New!!: Kurdistan and Syria · See more »
Syriac Orthodox Church
The Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch (ʿĪṯo Suryoyṯo Trišaṯ Šubḥo; الكنيسة السريانية الأرثوذكسية), or Syriac Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch and All the East, is an Oriental Orthodox Church with autocephalous patriarchate established in Antioch in 518, tracing its founding to St. Peter and St. Paul in the 1st century, according to its tradition.
New!!: Kurdistan and Syriac Orthodox Church · See more »
Syrian brown bear
The Syrian brown bear (Ursus arctos syriacus) is a relatively small subspecies of brown bear native to the Middle East.
New!!: Kurdistan and Syrian brown bear · See more »
Syrian Civil War
The Syrian Civil War (الحرب الأهلية السورية, Al-ḥarb al-ʼahliyyah as-sūriyyah) is an ongoing multi-sided armed conflict in Syria fought primarily between the Ba'athist Syrian Arab Republic led by President Bashar al-Assad, along with its allies, and various forces opposing both the government and each other in varying combinations.
New!!: Kurdistan and Syrian Civil War · See more »
Tabriz
Tabriz (تبریز; تبریز) is the most populated city in Iranian Azerbaijan, one of the historical capitals of Iran and the present capital of East Azerbaijan province.
New!!: Kurdistan and Tabriz · See more »
Talisman Energy
Talisman Energy Inc. was a Canadian multinational oil and gas exploration and production company headquartered in Calgary, Alberta.
New!!: Kurdistan and Talisman Energy · See more »
Taurus Mountains
The Taurus Mountains (Turkish: Toros Dağları, Armenian: Թորոս լեռներ, Ancient Greek: Ὄρη Ταύρου) are a mountain complex in southern Turkey, separating the Mediterranean coastal region of southern Turkey from the central Anatolian Plateau.
New!!: Kurdistan and Taurus Mountains · See more »
Terms for Syriac Christians
Syriac Christians are an ethnoreligious grouping of various ethnic communities of indigenous pre-Arab Semitic and often Neo-Aramaic-speaking Christian people of Iraq, Syria, Iran, Turkey, Lebanon, Jordan, Palestine and Israel.
New!!: Kurdistan and Terms for Syriac Christians · See more »
The New York Times
The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.
New!!: Kurdistan and The New York Times · See more »
The World Factbook
The World Factbook, also known as the CIA World Factbook, is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world.
New!!: Kurdistan and The World Factbook · See more »
Tigranocerta
Tigranocerta (Τιγρανόκερτα, Tigranόkerta; Tigranakert (Տիգրանակերտ)) was the capital of the Armenian Kingdom.
New!!: Kurdistan and Tigranocerta · See more »
Tigris
Batman River The Tigris (Sumerian: Idigna or Idigina; Akkadian: 𒁇𒄘𒃼; دجلة Dijlah; ܕܹܩܠܵܬ.; Տիգրիս Tigris; Դգլաթ Dglatʿ;, biblical Hiddekel) is the eastern member of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates.
New!!: Kurdistan and Tigris · See more »
Toponymy
Toponymy is the study of place names (toponyms), their origins, meanings, use, and typology.
New!!: Kurdistan and Toponymy · See more »
Total S.A.
Total S.A. is a French multinational integrated oil and gas company and one of the seven "Supermajor" oil companies in the world.
New!!: Kurdistan and Total S.A. · See more »
Transcaucasia
Transcaucasia (Закавказье), or the South Caucasus, is a geographical region in the vicinity of the southern Caucasus Mountains on the border of Eastern Europe and Western Asia.
New!!: Kurdistan and Transcaucasia · See more »
Treaty of Lausanne
The Treaty of Lausanne (Traité de Lausanne) was a peace treaty signed in the Palais de Rumine, Lausanne, Switzerland, on 24 July 1923.
New!!: Kurdistan and Treaty of Lausanne · See more »
Treaty of Sèvres
The Treaty of Sèvres (Traité de Sèvres) was one of a series of treaties that the Central Powers signed after their defeat in World War I. Hostilities had already ended with the Armistice of Mudros.
New!!: Kurdistan and Treaty of Sèvres · See more »
Treaty of Zuhab
The Treaty of Zuhab (عهدنامه زهاب), also called Treaty of Qasr-e Shirin (Kasr-ı Şirin Antlaşması), was an accord signed between the Safavid Empire and the Ottoman Empire on May 17, 1639.
New!!: Kurdistan and Treaty of Zuhab · See more »
Turkey
Turkey (Türkiye), officially the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.
New!!: Kurdistan and Turkey · See more »
Turkish Kurdistan
Turkish Kurdistan, or Northern Kurdistan (Bakurê Kurdistanê), refers to portions of Turkey's Eastern Anatolia Region and Southeastern Anatolia Region where Kurds form the predominant ethnic group.
New!!: Kurdistan and Turkish Kurdistan · See more »
Turkish people
Turkish people or the Turks (Türkler), also known as Anatolian Turks (Anadolu Türkleri), are a Turkic ethnic group and nation living mainly in Turkey and speaking Turkish, the most widely spoken Turkic language.
New!!: Kurdistan and Turkish people · See more »
Upper Mesopotamia
Upper Mesopotamia is the name used for the uplands and great outwash plain of northwestern Iraq, northeastern Syria and southeastern Turkey, in the northern Middle East.
New!!: Kurdistan and Upper Mesopotamia · See more »
Urfa
Urfa, officially known as Şanlıurfa (Riha); Ուռհա Uṙha in Armenian, and known in ancient times as Edessa, is a city with 561,465 inhabitants in south-eastern Turkey, and the capital of Şanlıurfa Province.
New!!: Kurdistan and Urfa · See more »
Van Province
Van Province (Armenian:Վան Van ili) is a province in eastern Turkey, between Lake Van and the Iranian border. It is 19,069 km2 in area and had a population of 1,035,418 at the end of 2010. Its adjacent provinces are Bitlis to the west, Siirt to the southwest, Şırnak and Hakkâri to the south, and Ağrı to the north. The capital is the city of Van. The majority of the province's population is Kurdish. and has a sizeable Azerbaijani minority (Küresünni).
New!!: Kurdistan and Van Province · See more »
Van, Turkey
Van (Van; Վան; Wan; فان; Εύα, Eua) is a city in eastern Turkey's Van Province, located on the eastern shore of Lake Van.
New!!: Kurdistan and Van, Turkey · See more »
Vassal
A vassal is a person regarded as having a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch, in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe.
New!!: Kurdistan and Vassal · See more »
Water pipit
The water pipit (Anthus spinoletta) is a small passerine bird which breeds in the mountains of Southern Europe and Southern Asia eastwards to China.
New!!: Kurdistan and Water pipit · See more »
West Azerbaijan Province
West Azerbaijan Province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and West Azerbaijan Province · See more »
Wild boar
The wild boar (Sus scrofa), also known as the wild swine,Heptner, V. G.; Nasimovich, A. A.; Bannikov, A. G.; Hoffman, R. S. (1988), Volume I, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Libraries and National Science Foundation, pp.
New!!: Kurdistan and Wild boar · See more »
Willow
Willows, also called sallows, and osiers, form the genus Salix, around 400 speciesMabberley, D.J. 1997.
New!!: Kurdistan and Willow · See more »
Yaqut al-Hamawi
Yāqūt ibn-'Abdullah al-Rūmī al-Hamawī (1179–1229) (ياقوت الحموي الرومي) was an Arab biographer and geographer of Greek origin, renowned for his encyclopedic writings on the Muslim world.
New!!: Kurdistan and Yaqut al-Hamawi · See more »
Yarsanism
The Yarsan or Ahl-e Haqq (Kurdish:, Yarsan, اهل حق Ahl-e Haqq "People of Truth"), is a syncretic religion founded by Sultan Sahak in the late 14th century in western Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Yarsanism · See more »
Yazidis
The Yazidis, or Yezidis (Êzidî), are a Kurdish-speaking people, indigenous to a region of northern Mesopotamia (known natively as Ezidkhan) who are strictly endogamous.
New!!: Kurdistan and Yazidis · See more »
Zagros Mountains
The Zagros Mountains (کوههای زاگرس; چیاکانی زاگرۆس) form the largest mountain range in Iran, Iraq and southeastern Turkey.
New!!: Kurdistan and Zagros Mountains · See more »
Zinc
Zinc is a chemical element with symbol Zn and atomic number 30.
New!!: Kurdistan and Zinc · See more »
Zrebar Lake
Lake Zrebar, also known as Zeribar or Zrewar (Kurdish: Zrêbar or Zrêwar, زرێبار), (زریوار Zarivār), is a lake in the Zagros Mountains, within Kurdistan Province of western Iran.
New!!: Kurdistan and Zrebar Lake · See more »
Zuqnin Chronicle
The Zuqnin Chronicle is a chronicle written in Syriac concerning the events from Creation to CE.
New!!: Kurdistan and Zuqnin Chronicle · See more »
.krd
.krd is the Internet geographic top-level domain (gTLD) for Kurdistan Region of Iraq.
New!!: Kurdistan and .krd · See more »
1980 Turkish coup d'état
The 12 September 1980 Turkish coup d'état (12 Eylül Darbesi), headed by Chief of the General Staff General Kenan Evren, was the third coup d'état in the history of the Republic, the previous having been the 1960 coup and the 1971 "Coup by Memorandum".
New!!: Kurdistan and 1980 Turkish coup d'état · See more »
2003 invasion of Iraq
The 2003 invasion of Iraq was the first stage of the Iraq War (also called Operation Iraqi Freedom).
New!!: Kurdistan and 2003 invasion of Iraq · See more »
Redirects here:
Curdistan, Demographics of Kurdistan, Ezdixan, Ezidxane, Flora and fauna of Kurdistan, Geography of Kurdistan, Great Kurdistan, Greater Kurdistan, Independent Kurdish state, Independent Kurdistan, K*rdistan, Kordestan, Kordestan e Shomali, Kordestanie Mokrie Sharghi, Kordistan, Kurdestan, Kurdish nation, Kurdish region, Kurdish state, Kurdish-inhabited areas, Kurdistani, Kurdistanian, Kurdiya, Kurdstan, Kurdustan, Kurdıstan, Kürdistan, Mukri Kurdistan (Kordestane Mokri), Old Kurdistan, West Azarbaijan (Kordestan-e Mokrian), کوردستان.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdistan
