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126 relations: Aleksey Uvarov, Anthropomorphism, Antonio Sagona, Axe, Bandage, Belt (clothing), Benjamin P. Yudin, Boot, Boris Rybakov, Bow and arrow, Bowl, Bracelet, Braid, Breastplate, Bronze Age, Buckle, Bulgaria, Central Asia, Chalcolithic, Cimmerians, Comb, Cremation, Crimea, Cuirass, Cumans, Dagger, Deer stone, Diadem, Dniester, Dnipro, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Dol hareubang, Don Cossacks, Drinking horn, Earring, Face, Göbekli Tepe, Girdle, Granite, Hakkâri, Headgear, Helmet, Hubushkia, Iron Age, Irtysh River, Issyk-Kul, Kacha River, Kaftan, Kalmyks, Kazakhstan, ..., Kemi Oba culture, Kharkiv, Kharkiv Oblast, Kipchaks, Knife, Kuma River (Russia), Kurgan, Kurgan hypothesis, Kursk Oblast, Kyrgyzstan, Lev Gumilyov, Limestone, Menhir, Middle Ages, Minsk Region, Mirror, Mokosh, Mongolia, Mongolian language, Moscow, Moustache, Necklace, Nikolay Veselovsky, Novocherkassk, Obelisk, Odessa, Orazak Ismagulov, Orkhon inscriptions, Perun, Poltava, Pontic–Caspian steppe, Proto-Indo-Europeans, Prussia, Quiver, Relief, Rhyton, Ribbon, Russian language, Sacrifice, Samara Oblast, Samara River, Sandstone, Saratov Oblast, Sarmatians, Scarf, Scythian art, Scythians, Siberia, Slavs, Southern Federal District, State Historical Museum, Statue menhir, Stavropol, Stele, Svetovid, Sword, Taganrog, The Horse, the Wheel, and Language, Tom River, Trousers, Troy, Tumulus, Turkestan, Turkey, Turkic languages, Turkic peoples, Ukraine, Ukrainian language, Vasily Radlov, Veles (god), Voronezh Oblast, William of Rubruck, Yamna culture, Yenisei River, Zbruch Idol, 4th millennium BC. Expand index (76 more) »
Aleksey Uvarov
Count Aleksey Sergeyevich Uvarov (Russian: Алексей Сергеевич Уваров; 28 February 1825 – 29 December 1884) was a Russian archaeologist often considered to be the founder of the study of the prehistory of Russia.
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Anthropomorphism
Anthropomorphism is the attribution of human traits, emotions, or intentions to non-human entities.
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Antonio Sagona
Antonio (Tony) Giuseppe Sagona (1956-2017), was an archaeologist and classics professor who taught at the University of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia.
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Axe
An axe (British English or ax (American English; see spelling differences) is an implement that has been used for millennia to shape, split and cut wood; to harvest timber; as a weapon; and as a ceremonial or heraldic symbol. The axe has many forms and specialised uses but generally consists of an axe head with a handle, or helve. Before the modern axe, the stone-age hand axe was used from 1.5 million years BP without a handle. It was later fastened to a wooden handle. The earliest examples of handled axes have heads of stone with some form of wooden handle attached (hafted) in a method to suit the available materials and use. Axes made of copper, bronze, iron and steel appeared as these technologies developed. Axes are usually composed of a head and a handle. The axe is an example of a simple machine, as it is a type of wedge, or dual inclined plane. This reduces the effort needed by the wood chopper. It splits the wood into two parts by the pressure concentration at the blade. The handle of the axe also acts as a lever allowing the user to increase the force at the cutting edge—not using the full length of the handle is known as choking the axe. For fine chopping using a side axe this sometimes is a positive effect, but for felling with a double bitted axe it reduces efficiency. Generally, cutting axes have a shallow wedge angle, whereas splitting axes have a deeper angle. Most axes are double bevelled, i.e. symmetrical about the axis of the blade, but some specialist broadaxes have a single bevel blade, and usually an offset handle that allows them to be used for finishing work without putting the user's knuckles at risk of injury. Less common today, they were once an integral part of a joiner and carpenter's tool kit, not just a tool for use in forestry. A tool of similar origin is the billhook. However, in France and Holland, the billhook often replaced the axe as a joiner's bench tool. Most modern axes have steel heads and wooden handles, typically hickory in the US and ash in Europe and Asia, although plastic or fibreglass handles are also common. Modern axes are specialised by use, size and form. Hafted axes with short handles designed for use with one hand are often called hand axes but the term hand axe refers to axes without handles as well. Hatchets tend to be small hafted axes often with a hammer on the back side (the poll). As easy-to-make weapons, axes have frequently been used in combat.
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Bandage
A bandage is a piece of material used either to support a medical device such as a dressing or splint, or on its own to provide support to or to restrict the movement of a part of the body.
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Belt (clothing)
A belt is a flexible band or strap, typically made of leather or heavy cloth, and worn around the waist.
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Benjamin P. Yudin
Veniamin Petrovich Yudin (1928–1983) was a Kazakhstan scholar of oriental studies, historian, philologist, expert on Persian and Turkic manuscripts, researcher and teacher.
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Boot
A boot is a type of footwear and a specific type of shoe.
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Boris Rybakov
Boris Alexandrovich Rybakov (Russian: Бори́с Алекса́ндрович Рыбако́в, 3 June 1908, Moscow — 27 December 2001) was a Soviet and Russian historian who personified the anti-Normanist vision of Russian history.
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Bow and arrow
The bow and arrow is a ranged weapon system consisting of an elastic launching device (bow) and long-shafted projectiles (arrows).
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Bowl
A bowl is a round, open-top container used in many cultures to serve hot and cold food.
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Bracelet
A bracelet is an article of jewellery that is worn around the wrist.
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Braid
A braid (also referred to as a plait) is a complex structure or pattern formed by interlacing three or more strands of flexible material such as textile yarns, wire, or hair.
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Breastplate
A breastplate or chestplate is a device worn over the torso to protect it from injury, as an item of religious significance, or as an item of status.
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Bronze Age
The Bronze Age is a historical period characterized by the use of bronze, and in some areas proto-writing, and other early features of urban civilization.
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Buckle
The buckle or clasp is a device used for fastening two loose ends, with one end attached to it and the other held by a catch in a secure but adjustable manner.
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Bulgaria
Bulgaria (България, tr.), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Република България, tr.), is a country in southeastern Europe.
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Central Asia
Central Asia stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to China in the east and from Afghanistan in the south to Russia in the north.
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Chalcolithic
The Chalcolithic (The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998), p. 301: "Chalcolithic /,kælkəl'lɪθɪk/ adjective Archaeology of, relating to, or denoting a period in the 4th and 3rd millennium BCE, chiefly in the Near East and SE Europe, during which some weapons and tools were made of copper. This period was still largely Neolithic in character. Also called Eneolithic... Also called Copper Age - Origin early 20th cent.: from Greek khalkos 'copper' + lithos 'stone' + -ic". χαλκός khalkós, "copper" and λίθος líthos, "stone") period or Copper Age, in particular for eastern Europe often named Eneolithic or Æneolithic (from Latin aeneus "of copper"), was a period in the development of human technology, before it was discovered that adding tin to copper formed the harder bronze, leading to the Bronze Age.
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Cimmerians
The Cimmerians (also Kimmerians; Greek: Κιμμέριοι, Kimmérioi) were an ancient people, who appeared about 1000 BC and are mentioned later in 8th century BC in Assyrian records.
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Comb
A comb is a toothed device used for styling, cleaning and managing hair and scalp.
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Cremation
Cremation is the combustion, vaporization, and oxidation of cadavers to basic chemical compounds, such as gases, ashes and mineral fragments retaining the appearance of dry bone.
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Crimea
Crimea (Крым, Крим, Krym; Krym; translit;; translit) is a peninsula on the northern coast of the Black Sea in Eastern Europe that is almost completely surrounded by both the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov to the northeast.
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Cuirass
A cuirass (cuirasse, coriaceus) is a piece of armour, formed of a single or multiple pieces of metal or other rigid material which covers the front of the torso.
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Cumans
The Cumans (Polovtsi) were a Turkic nomadic people comprising the western branch of the Cuman–Kipchak confederation.
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Dagger
A dagger is a knife with a very sharp point and one or two sharp edges, typically designed or capable of being used as a thrusting or stabbing weapon.
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Deer stone
Deer stones (also known as reindeer stones) are ancient megaliths carved with symbols found largely in Siberia and Mongolia.
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Diadem
A diadem is a type of crown, specifically an ornamental headband worn by monarchs and others as a badge of royalty.
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Dniester
The Dniester or Dnister River is a river in Eastern Europe.
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Dnipro
Dnipro (Дніпро), until May 2016 Dnipropetrovsk (Дніпропетро́вськ) also known as Dnepropetrovsk (Днепропетро́вск), is Ukraine's fourth largest city, with about one million inhabitants.
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Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (Дніпропетро́вська о́бласть, Dnipropetrovs'ka oblast or Дніпропетровщина, Dnipropetrovshchyna, Днепропетро́вская о́бласть) is an oblast (province) of central Ukraine, the most important industrial region of the country.
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Dol hareubang
Dol hareubangs, also called tol harubangs, hareubangs, or harubangs, are large rock statues found on Jeju Island off the southern tip of South Korea.
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Don Cossacks
Don Cossacks (Донские казаки) are Cossacks who settled along the middle and lower Don.
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Drinking horn
A drinking horn is the horn of a bovid used as a drinking vessel.
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Earring
An earring is a piece of jewelry attached to the ear via a piercing in the earlobe or another external part of the ear (except in the case of clip earrings, which clip onto the lobe). Earrings are worn by both sexes, although more common among women, and have been used by different civilizations in different times. Locations for piercings other than the earlobe include the rook, tragus, and across the helix (see image at right). The simple term "ear piercing" usually refers to an earlobe piercing, whereas piercings in the upper part of the external ear are often referred to as "cartilage piercings". Cartilage piercings are more complex to perform than earlobe piercings and take longer to heal. Earring components may be made of any number of materials, including metal, plastic, glass, precious stone, beads, wood, bone, and other materials. Designs range from small loops and studs to large plates and dangling items. The size is ultimately limited by the physical capacity of the earlobe to hold the earring without tearing. However, heavy earrings worn over extended periods of time may lead to stretching of the earlobe and the piercing.
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Face
The face is a central body region of sense and is also very central in the expression of emotion among humans and among numerous other species.
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Göbekli Tepe
Göbekli Tepe, Turkish for "Potbelly Hill", is an archaeological site in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey, approximately northeast of the city of Şanlıurfa.
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Girdle
The term girdle, meaning "belt", commonly refers to the liturgical attire that normally closes a cassock in many Christian denominations, including the Anglican Communion, Methodist Church and Lutheran Church.
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Granite
Granite is a common type of felsic intrusive igneous rock that is granular and phaneritic in texture.
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Hakkâri
Hakkâri (ܗܲܟܵܐܪܝ̣ Hakkārī, Colemêrg), is a city and the capital of the Hakkâri Province of Turkey.
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Headgear
Headgear, headwear or headdress is the name given to any element of clothing which is worn on one's head.
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Helmet
A helmet is a form of protective gear worn to protect the head from injuries.
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Hubushkia
Hubushkia was an Iron Age kingdom located between the Urartian and Assyrian sphere of influence.
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Iron Age
The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three-age system, preceded by the Stone Age (Neolithic) and the Bronze Age.
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Irtysh River
The Irtysh River (Эрчис мөрөн, Erchis mörön, "erchleh", "twirl"; Иртыш; Ертіс, Ertis, هرتىس; Chinese: 额尔齐斯河, pinyin: É'ěrqísī hé, Xiao'erjing: عَعَرٿِسِ حْ; Uyghur: ئېرتىش, Ertish; ﻴﺋرتئش, Siberian Tatar: Эйәртеш, Eya’rtes’) is a river in Russia, China, and Kazakhstan.
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Issyk-Kul
Issyk-Kul (also Ysyk Köl, Issyk-Kol: Ысык-Көл, Isıq-Köl, ىسىق-كۅل,; Иссык-Куль, Issyk-Kulj) is an endorheic lake in the northern Tian Shan mountains in eastern Kyrgyzstan.
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Kacha River
The Kacha (Ка́ча) is a river in Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia.
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Kaftan
A kaftan or caftan (قفطان qafṭān) is a variant of the robe or tunic and has been worn by several cultures around the world for thousands of years.
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Kalmyks
The Kalmyks (Kalmyk: Хальмгуд, Xaľmgud, Mongolian: Халимаг, Halimag) are the Oirats in Russia, whose ancestors migrated from Dzungaria in 1607.
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Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan (Qazaqstan,; kəzɐxˈstan), officially the Republic of Kazakhstan (Qazaqstan Respýblıkasy; Respublika Kazakhstan), is the world's largest landlocked country, and the ninth largest in the world, with an area of.
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Kemi Oba culture
Kemi Oba culture, ca.
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Kharkiv
Kharkiv (Ха́рків), also known as Kharkov (Ха́рьков) from Russian, is the second-largest city in Ukraine.
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Kharkiv Oblast
Kharkiv Oblast (Харківська область, translit. Charkivśka oblastj; also referred to as Kharkivshchyna – Харківщина, Charkivščyna, Харьковская область) is an oblast (province) in eastern Ukraine.
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Kipchaks
The Kipchaks were a Turkic nomadic people and confederation that existed in the Middle Ages, inhabiting parts of the Eurasian Steppe.
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Knife
A knife (plural knives) is a tool with a cutting edge or blade, hand-held or otherwise, with most having a handle.
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Kuma River (Russia)
The Kuma (Кума́) is an long river on the Black Sea-Caspian Steppe of southern Russia.
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Kurgan
In English, the archaeological term kurgan is a loanword from East Slavic languages (and, indirectly, from Turkic languages), equivalent to the archaic English term barrow, also known by the Latin loanword tumulus and terms such as burial mound.
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Kurgan hypothesis
The Kurgan hypothesis (also known as the Kurgan theory or Kurgan model) or steppe theory is the most widely accepted proposal to identify the Proto-Indo-European homeland from which the Indo-European languages spread out throughout Europe and parts of Asia.
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Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (p) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).
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Kyrgyzstan
The Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyz Respublikasy; r; Қирғиз Республикаси.), or simply Kyrgyzstan, and also known as Kirghizia (Kyrgyzstan; r), is a sovereign state in Central Asia.
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Lev Gumilyov
Lev Nikolayevich Gumilyov (Лев Никола́евич Гумилёв; 1 October 1912, St. Petersburg – 15 June 1992, St. Petersburg) was a Soviet historian, ethnologist, anthropologist and translator from Persian.
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Limestone
Limestone is a sedimentary rock, composed mainly of skeletal fragments of marine organisms such as coral, forams and molluscs.
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Menhir
A menhir (from Brittonic languages: maen or men, "stone" and hir or hîr, "long"), standing stone, orthostat, lith or masseba/matseva is a large manmade upright stone.
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Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages (or Medieval Period) lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.
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Minsk Region
Minsk Region or Minsk Voblasć or Minsk Oblast (Мі́нская во́бласць, Minskaja voblasć; Минская о́бласть, Minskaja oblastj) is one of the regions of Belarus.
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Mirror
A mirror is an object that reflects light in such a way that, for incident light in some range of wavelengths, the reflected light preserves many or most of the detailed physical characteristics of the original light, called specular reflection.
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Mokosh
Mokoš (Мокошь) is a Slavic goddess mentioned in the Primary Chronicle, protector of women's work and women's destiny.
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Mongolia
Mongolia (Monggol Ulus in Mongolian; in Mongolian Cyrillic) is a landlocked unitary sovereign state in East Asia.
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Mongolian language
The Mongolian language (in Mongolian script: Moŋɣol kele; in Mongolian Cyrillic: монгол хэл, mongol khel.) is the official language of Mongolia and both the most widely-spoken and best-known member of the Mongolic language family.
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Moscow
Moscow (a) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.1 million within the urban area.
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Moustache
A moustache (mustache) is facial hair grown on the upper lip.
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Necklace
A necklace is an article of jewelry that is worn around the neck.
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Nikolay Veselovsky
Nikolai Ivanovich Veselovsky (Николай Иванович Веселовский, November 1848 - 30 March 1918) was a Russian archaeologist and orientalist, specializing in the history and archaeology of Central Asia.
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Novocherkassk
Novocherkassk (Новочерка́сск, lit. New Cherkassk) is a city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located near the confluence of the Tuzlov River and Aksay River, the latter a distributary of the Don River.
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Obelisk
An obelisk (from ὀβελίσκος obeliskos; diminutive of ὀβελός obelos, "spit, nail, pointed pillar") is a tall, four-sided, narrow tapering monument which ends in a pyramid-like shape or pyramidion at the top.
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Odessa
Odessa (Оде́са; Оде́сса; אַדעס) is the third most populous city of Ukraine and a major tourism center, seaport and transportation hub located on the northwestern shore of the Black Sea.
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Orazak Ismagulov
Orazak Ismagulov (born 1930) is an internationally known anthropologist, doctor of historical sciences (1984), corresponding member of the Kazakhstan National Academy of Sciences (1994).
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Orkhon inscriptions
The Orkhon inscriptions (Orhun Yazıtları, Orxon-Yenisey abidəsi, Orhon ýazgylary), also known as Orhon Inscriptions, Orhun Inscriptions and the Khöshöö Tsaidam monuments (Хөшөө цайдам, also spelled Khoshoo Tsaidam, Koshu-Tsaidam), are two memorial installations erected by the Göktürks written in Old Turkic alphabet in the early 8th century in the Orkhon Valley in Mongolia.
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Perun
In Slavic mythology, Perun (Cyrillic: Перун) is the highest god of the pantheon and the god of thunder and lightning.
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Poltava
Poltava (Полтава; Полтава) is a city located on the Vorskla River in central Ukraine.
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Pontic–Caspian steppe
The Pontic–Caspian steppe, Pontic steppe or Ukrainian steppe is the vast steppeland stretching from the northern shores of the Black Sea (called Euxeinos Pontos in antiquity) as far east as the Caspian Sea, from Moldova and eastern Ukraine across the Southern Federal District and the Volga Federal District of Russia to western Kazakhstan, forming part of the larger Eurasian steppe, adjacent to the Kazakh steppe to the east.
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Proto-Indo-Europeans
The Proto-Indo-Europeans were the prehistoric people of Eurasia who spoke Proto-Indo-European (PIE), the ancestor of the Indo-European languages according to linguistic reconstruction.
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Prussia
Prussia (Preußen) was a historically prominent German state that originated in 1525 with a duchy centred on the region of Prussia.
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Quiver
A quiver is a container for holding arrows, bolts, or darts.
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Relief
Relief is a sculptural technique where the sculpted elements remain attached to a solid background of the same material.
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Rhyton
A rhyton (plural rhytons or, following the Greek plural, rhyta) is a roughly conical container from which fluids were intended to be drunk or to be poured in some ceremony such as libation, or merely at table.
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Ribbon
A ribbon or riband is a thin band of material, typically cloth but also plastic or sometimes metal, used primarily as decorative binding and tying.
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Russian language
Russian (rússkiy yazýk) is an East Slavic language, which is official in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, as well as being widely spoken throughout Eastern Europe, the Baltic states, the Caucasus and Central Asia.
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Sacrifice
Sacrifice is the offering of food, objects or the lives of animals to a higher purpose, in particular divine beings, as an act of propitiation or worship.
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Samara Oblast
Samara Oblast (p) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).
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Samara River
The Samara is a river in Russia that runs into the Volga at the city of Samara.
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Sandstone
Sandstone is a clastic sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized (0.0625 to 2 mm) mineral particles or rock fragments.
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Saratov Oblast
Saratov Oblast (Сара́товская о́бласть, Saratovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the Volga Federal District.
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Sarmatians
The Sarmatians (Sarmatae, Sauromatae; Greek: Σαρμάται, Σαυρομάται) were a large Iranian confederation that existed in classical antiquity, flourishing from about the 5th century BC to the 4th century AD.
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Scarf
A scarf, plural scarves, is a piece of fabric worn around the neck for warmth, sun protection, cleanliness, fashion, or religious reasons.
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Scythian art
Scythian art is art, primarily decorative objects, such as jewellery, produced by the nomadic tribes in the area known to the ancient Greeks as Scythia, which was centred on the Pontic-Caspian steppe and ranged from modern Kazakhstan to the Baltic coast of modern Poland and to Georgia.
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Scythians
or Scyths (from Greek Σκύθαι, in Indo-Persian context also Saka), were a group of Iranian people, known as the Eurasian nomads, who inhabited the western and central Eurasian steppes from about the 9th century BC until about the 1st century BC.
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Siberia
Siberia (a) is an extensive geographical region, and by the broadest definition is also known as North Asia.
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Slavs
Slavs are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group who speak the various Slavic languages of the larger Balto-Slavic linguistic group.
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Southern Federal District
The Southern Federal District (ˈjuʐnɨj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia.
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State Historical Museum
The State Historical Museum (Russian: Государственный исторический музей, Gosudarstvenny istoricheskiy muzyey) of Russia is a museum of Russian history wedged between Red Square and Manege Square in Moscow.
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Statue menhir
A statue menhir is a type of carved standing stone created during the later European Neolithic.
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Stavropol
Stavropol (p) is a city and the administrative center of Stavropol Krai, Russia.
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Stele
A steleAnglicized plural steles; Greek plural stelai, from Greek στήλη, stēlē.
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Svetovid
Svetovid, Svantovit or Sventovit is a Slavic deity of war, fertility and abundance primarily venerated on the island of Rügen into the 12th century.
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Sword
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for slashing or thrusting that is longer than a knife or dagger.
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Taganrog
Taganrog (p) is a port city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located on the north shore of the Taganrog Bay in the Sea of Azov, several kilometers west of the mouth of the Don River.
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The Horse, the Wheel, and Language
The Horse, the Wheel, and Language: How Bronze-Age Riders from the Eurasian Steppes Shaped the Modern World is a 2007 book by David W. Anthony, in which the author describes his "Revised Steppe Theory." He explores the origins and spread of the Indo-European languages from the Pontic-Caspian steppes throughout Western Europe, and Central and South Asia.
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Tom River
The Tom River (p, Том) is a river in Russia, a right tributary of the Ob River in Central Siberia.
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Trousers
Trousers (British English) or pants (American English) are an item of clothing originating in Asia, worn from the waist to the ankles, covering both legs separately (rather than with cloth extending across both legs as in robes, skirts, and dresses).
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Troy
Troy (Τροία, Troia or Τροίας, Troias and Ἴλιον, Ilion or Ἴλιος, Ilios; Troia and Ilium;Trōia is the typical Latin name for the city. Ilium is a more poetic term: Hittite: Wilusha or Truwisha; Truva or Troya) was a city in the far northwest of the region known in late Classical antiquity as Asia Minor, now known as Anatolia in modern Turkey, near (just south of) the southwest mouth of the Dardanelles strait and northwest of Mount Ida.
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Tumulus
A tumulus (plural tumuli) is a mound of earth and stones raised over a grave or graves.
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Turkestan
Turkestan, also spelt Turkistan (literally "Land of the Turks" in Persian), refers to an area in Central Asia between Siberia to the north and Tibet, India and Afghanistan to the south, the Caspian Sea to the west and the Gobi Desert to the east.
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Turkey
Turkey (Türkiye), officially the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.
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Turkic languages
The Turkic languages are a language family of at least thirty-five documented languages, spoken by the Turkic peoples of Eurasia from Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and West Asia all the way to North Asia (particularly in Siberia) and East Asia (including the Far East).
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Turkic peoples
The Turkic peoples are a collection of ethno-linguistic groups of Central, Eastern, Northern and Western Asia as well as parts of Europe and North Africa.
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Ukraine
Ukraine (Ukrayina), sometimes called the Ukraine, is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast; Belarus to the northwest; Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively.
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Ukrainian language
No description.
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Vasily Radlov
Vasily Vasilievich Radlov or Friedrich Wilhelm Radloff (Васи́лий Васи́льевич Ра́длов;, Berlin – 12 May 1918, Petrograd) was a German-born Russian founder of Turkology, a scientific study of Turkic peoples.
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Veles (god)
Veles (Cyrillic Serbian and Macedonian: Велес; Weles; Велес; Bosnian, Croatian, Czech, Slovak, Slovenian: Veles; Ruthenian and Old Church Slavonic: Велесъ; translit), also known as Volos (Волос, listed as a Christian saint in Old Russian texts), is a major Slavic god of earth, waters, forests and the underworld.
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Voronezh Oblast
Voronezh Oblast (Воро́нежская о́бласть, Voronezhskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).
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William of Rubruck
William of Rubruck (c. 1220 – c. 1293) was a Flemish Franciscan missionary and explorer.
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Yamna culture
The Yamna people or Yamnaya culture (traditionally known as the Pit Grave culture or Ochre Grave culture) was a late Copper Age to early Bronze Age culture of the region between the Southern Bug, Dniester and Ural rivers (the Pontic steppe), dating to 3300–2600 BC.
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Yenisei River
The Yenisei (Енисе́й, Jeniséj; Енисей мөрөн, Yenisei mörön; Buryat: Горлог мүрэн, Gorlog müren; Tyvan: Улуг-Хем, Uluğ-Hem; Khakas: Ким суг, Kim sug) also Romanised Yenisey, Enisei, Jenisej, is the largest river system flowing to the Arctic Ocean.
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Zbruch Idol
The Zbruch Idol, Sviatovid (Worldseeker, Światowid ze Zbrucza); unearthed in Poland, Збручанський ідол, Збручский идол) is a 9th-century sculpture, more precisely an example of a bałwan, and one of the few monuments of pre-Christian Slavic beliefs. The pillar was commonly incorrectly associated with the Slavic deity Svetovid, although current opinions on the exact meaning of all the bas-reliefs and their symbols differ. It is thought that the three tiers of bas-relief represent the three levels of the world, from the bottom underworld, to the middle mortal world and the uppermost, largest, world of heavenly gods. It is suggested that the sculpture was disposed of or was buried in a pit some time after the baptism of Kievan Rus, and acceptance of Christianity in Poland in 966, like various buried idols in Kiev and Novgorod. In the 19th century, when the Zbruch River (a tributary of the Dniester) changed its bed, the area where the pillar was buried became submerged. It was discovered during a drought near the village called Liczkowce part of Poland, now Lychkivtsi (Личківці), Ukraine, just north of Husiatyn, in 1848. The statue is now on display in the Archaeological Museum of Kraków in Kraków, Poland, with exact copies located in a number of museums, including the State Historical Museum in Moscow.
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4th millennium BC
The 4th millennium BC spanned the years 4000 through 3001 BC.
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Redirects here:
Bal-bal, Bal-bals, Balbal, Balbals, Kurgan Obelisks, Kurgan stele, Scythian stelae, Stone divas (monuments of the Wild Steppes), Stone stelae of the Ukraine, Ukrainian stone stela, Ukrainian stone stelae.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurgan_stelae
