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102 relations: Anabas testudineus, Aquatic plant, Asahan River, Asian swamp eel, Batak, BBC, Benthos, Blue panchax, Caldera, Channa gachua, Channa striata, Common carp, Crater lake, Dense-rock equivalent, Earth, Earthquake, Endemism, Eurasian Plate, Fauna, FishBase, Flora, Fumarole, Giant gourami, Graben, Grass carp, Great Sumatran fault, Green swordtail, Greenland, Greenland Ice Sheet Project, Guppy, Homalopterula gymnogaster, Ice core, Ignimbrite, Indo-Australian Plate, Indonesia, Indonesian rupiah, Introduced species, Island, Java barb, Journal of Geophysical Research, Lake, Lake Malawi, Lake Toba, List of lakes of Indonesia, List of volcanoes in Indonesia, Magma, Magma chamber, Malaysia, Michigan Technological University, Mitochondrial DNA, ..., Monsoon, Mount Sinabung, Mozambique tilapia, Nemacheilus pfeifferae, Neolissochilus thienemanni, Nile tilapia, North Sumatra, Oligotroph, Oregon State University, Osteochilus vittatus, Paleoanthropology, Peaceful betta, Pearl danio, Phytoplankton, Population bottleneck, Pyroclastic flow, Quaternary, Rasbora jacobsoni, Rasbora tobana, Resurgent dome, Samosir, Siltation, Sinking of MV Sinar Bangun, Sipisopiso, Smithsonian Institution, Snakeskin gourami, South Asia, Spotted barb, Stratovolcano, Subduction, Sulfur dioxide, Sulfuric acid, Sulfurous acid, Sumatra, Sumatran tropical pine forests, Sunda Arc, Supervolcano, Three spot gourami, Tinfoil barb, Toba catastrophe theory, Tuff, Types of volcanic eruptions, Uluan Peninsula, United States Geological Survey, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Volcanic Explosivity Index, Volcanic winter, Walking catfish, William I. Rose, Zooplankton, 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, 2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake. Expand index (52 more) »
Anabas testudineus
Anabas testudineus, the climbing perch, is a species of fish in the family Anabantidae, the climbing gouramis.
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Aquatic plant
Aquatic plants are plants that have adapted to living in aquatic environments (saltwater or freshwater).
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Asahan River
Asahan River (Sungai Asahan) is one of the principal rivers in North Sumatra that begins in Porsea, Toba Samosir Regency at the Southeast part of Lake Toba.
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Asian swamp eel
The Asian swamp eel, swamp eel, rice eel, or white ricefield eel (Monopterus albus) is a commercially important, air-breathing species of fish in the Synbranchidae family.
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Batak
Batak is a collective term used to identify a number of closely related Austronesian ethnic groups predominantly found in North Sumatra, Indonesia who speak Batak languages.
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BBC
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.
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Benthos
Benthos is the community of organisms that live on, in, or near the seabed, also known as the benthic zone.
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Blue panchax
The blue panchax or whitespot (Aplocheilus panchax) is a common freshwater fish found in a large variety of habitats due to its high adaptability.
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Caldera
A caldera is a large cauldron-like depression that forms following the evacuation of a magma chamber/reservoir.
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Channa gachua
Channa gachua, the dwarf snakehead, is a species of fish in the family Channidae, the snakeheads.
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Channa striata
Channa striata, the striped snakehead, is a species of snakehead fish.
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Common carp
The common carp or European carp (Cyprinus carpio) is a widespread freshwater fish of eutrophic waters in lakes and large rivers in Europe and Asia.
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Crater lake
A crater lake is a lake that forms in a volcanic crater or caldera, such as a maar; less commonly and with lower association to the term a lake may form in an impact crater caused by a meteorite, or in the crater left by an artificial explosion caused by humans.
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Dense-rock equivalent
Dense-rock equivalent is a volcanologic calculation used to estimate volcanic eruption volume.
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Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life.
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Earthquake
An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth, resulting from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves.
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Endemism
Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere.
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Eurasian Plate
The Eurasian Plate is a tectonic plate which includes most of the continent of Eurasia (a landmass consisting of the traditional continents of Europe and Asia), with the notable exceptions of the Indian subcontinent, the Arabian subcontinent, and the area east of the Chersky Range in East Siberia.
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Fauna
Fauna is all of the animal life of any particular region or time.
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FishBase
FishBase is a global species database of fish species (specifically finfish).
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Flora
Flora is the plant life occurring in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring or indigenous—native plant life.
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Fumarole
A fumarole (or fumerole – the word ultimately comes from the Latin fumus, "smoke") is an opening in a planet's crust, often in areas surrounding volcanoes, which emits steam and gases such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, and hydrogen sulfide.
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Giant gourami
The giant gourami (Osphronemus goramy) is a species of large gourami native to Southeast Asia, with its occurrence in other locations due to introductions.
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Graben
In geology, a graben is a depressed block of the Earth's crust bordered by parallel faults.
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Grass carp
The grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) is the species of fish with the largest reported production in aquaculture globally, over five million tonnes per year.
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Great Sumatran fault
The Indonesian island of Sumatra is located in a highly seismic area of the world.
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Green swordtail
The green swordtail (Xiphophorus hellerii) is a species of freshwater/brackish fish in family Poeciliidae of order Cyprinodontiformes.
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Greenland
Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat,; Grønland) is an autonomous constituent country within the Kingdom of Denmark between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.
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Greenland Ice Sheet Project
The Greenland Ice Sheet Project (GISP) was a decade-long project to drill ice cores in Greenland that involved scientists and funding agencies from Denmark, Switzerland and the United States.
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Guppy
The guppy (Poecilia reticulata), also known as millionfish and rainbow fish, is one of the world's most widely distributed tropical fish, and one of the most popular freshwater aquarium fish species.
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Homalopterula gymnogaster
Homalopterula gymnogaster is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Homalopterula.
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Ice core
An ice core is a core sample that is typically removed from an ice sheet or a high mountain glacier.
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Ignimbrite
Ignimbrite is a variety of hardened tuff.
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Indo-Australian Plate
The Indo-Australian Plate is a major tectonic plate that includes the continent of Australia and surrounding ocean, and extends northwest to include the Indian subcontinent and adjacent waters.
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Indonesia
Indonesia (or; Indonesian), officially the Republic of Indonesia (Republik Indonesia), is a transcontinental unitary sovereign state located mainly in Southeast Asia, with some territories in Oceania.
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Indonesian rupiah
The rupiah (Rp) is the official currency of Indonesia. Issued and controlled by the Bank of Indonesia, the ISO 4217 currency code for the Indonesian rupiah is IDR. The name "Rupiah" is derived from the Indian word rupiya (रुपीया), ultimately from Sanskrit rupyakam (रूप्यकम्; silver). Informally, Indonesians also use the word "perak" ("silver" in Indonesian) in referring to rupiah. The rupiah is subdivided into 100 sen, although inflation has rendered all coins and banknotes denominated in sen obsolete. The Riau islands and the Indonesian half of New Guinea (Irian Barat) had their own variants of the rupiah in the past, but these were subsumed into the national rupiah in 1964 and 1971 respectively (see Riau rupiah and West Irian rupiah).
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Introduced species
An introduced species (alien species, exotic species, non-indigenous species, or non-native species) is a species living outside its native distributional range, which has arrived there by human activity, either deliberate or accidental.
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Island
An island or isle is any piece of sub-continental land that is surrounded by water.
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Java barb
The Java barb (Barbonymus gonionotus; ตะเพียน Ta-phian; Lao Pa keng; ត្រីឆ្ពិន Trey Chpin; Tawes), more commonly known as silver barb in aquaculture, is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Barbonymus.
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Journal of Geophysical Research
The Journal of Geophysical Research is a peer-reviewed scientific journal.
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Lake
A lake is an area filled with water, localized in a basin, that is surrounded by land, apart from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake.
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Lake Malawi
Lake Malawi, also known as Lake Nyasa in Tanzania and Lago Niassa in Mozambique, is an African Great Lake and the southernmost lake in the East African Rift system, located between Malawi, Mozambique and Tanzania.
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Lake Toba
Lake Toba (Danau Toba) is a large natural lake in Indonesia occupying the caldera of a supervolcano.
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List of lakes of Indonesia
This is a list of the notable lakes of Indonesia.
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List of volcanoes in Indonesia
The geography of Indonesia is dominated by volcanoes that are formed due to subduction zones between the Eurasian plate and the Indo-Australian plate.
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Magma
Magma (from Ancient Greek μάγμα (mágma) meaning "thick unguent") is a mixture of molten or semi-molten rock, volatiles and solids that is found beneath the surface of the Earth, and is expected to exist on other terrestrial planets and some natural satellites.
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Magma chamber
A magma chamber is a large pool of liquid rock beneath the surface of the Earth.
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Malaysia
Malaysia is a federal constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia.
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Michigan Technological University
Michigan Technological University (commonly referred to as Michigan Tech, MTU, or simply Tech) is a public research university located in Houghton, Michigan, United States.
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Mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
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Monsoon
Monsoon is traditionally defined as a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation, but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with the asymmetric heating of land and sea.
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Mount Sinabung
Mount Sinabung (Indonesian: Gunung Sinabung, also Dolok Sinabung, Deleng Sinabung, Dolok Sinaboen, Dolok Sinaboeng and Sinabuna) is a Pleistocene-to-Holocene stratovolcano of andesite and dacite in the Karo plateau of Karo Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia, from the Lake Toba supervolcano.
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Mozambique tilapia
The Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) is a tilapiine cichlid fish native to southern Africa.
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Nemacheilus pfeifferae
Nemacheilus pfeifferae is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Nemacheilus from Sumatra.
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Neolissochilus thienemanni
Neolissochilus thienemanni is a species of ray-finned fish in the Cyprinidae family.
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Nile tilapia
The Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a species of tilapia, a cichlid fish native to Africa from Egypt south to east and central Africa, and as far west as Gambia.
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North Sumatra
North Sumatra (Sumatera Utara) is a province of Indonesia.
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Oligotroph
An oligotroph is an organism that can live in an environment that offers very low levels of nutrients.
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Oregon State University
Oregon State University (OSU) is an international, public research university in the northwest United States, located in Corvallis, Oregon.
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Osteochilus vittatus
Osteochilus vittatus is a species of cyprinid fish from Southeast Asia.
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Paleoanthropology
Paleoanthropology or paleo-anthropology is a branch of archaeology with a human focus, which seeks to understand the early development of anatomically modern humans, a process known as hominization, through the reconstruction of evolutionary kinship lines within the family Hominidae, working from biological evidence (such as petrified skeletal remains, bone fragments, footprints) and cultural evidence (such as stone tools, artifacts, and settlement localities).
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Peaceful betta
The peaceful betta or crescent betta, Betta imbellis, is native to Southeast Asia, where it occurs naturally in Thailand, Malaysia, and Indonesia, and has been introduced to Singapore.
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Pearl danio
The pearl danio (Danio albolineatus) is a tropical fish belonging to the minnow family Cyprinidae.
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Phytoplankton
Phytoplankton are the autotrophic (self-feeding) components of the plankton community and a key part of oceans, seas and freshwater basin ecosystems.
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Population bottleneck
A population bottleneck or genetic bottleneck is a sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events (such as earthquakes, floods, fires, disease, or droughts) or human activities (such as genocide).
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Pyroclastic flow
A pyroclastic flow (also known as a pyroclastic density current or a pyroclastic cloud) is a fast-moving current of hot gas and volcanic matter (collectively known as tephra) that moves away from a volcano reaching speeds of up to.
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Quaternary
Quaternary is the current and most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS).
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Rasbora jacobsoni
Rasbora jacobsoni is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Rasbora.
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Rasbora tobana
Rasbora tobana is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Rasbora from Sumatra, Indonesia.
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Resurgent dome
In geology, a resurgent dome is a dome formed by swelling or rising of a caldera floor due to movement in the magma chamber beneath it.
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Samosir
For the Regency named Samosir, see Samosir Regency. Samosir, or Samosir Island, is a large volcanic island in Lake Toba, located in the north of the island of Sumatra in Indonesia.
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Siltation
Siltation or siltification is the pollution of water by particulate terrestrial clastic material, with a particle size dominated by silt or clay.
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Sinking of MV Sinar Bangun
MV Sinar Bangun sank on 18 June 2018 in Lake Toba, North Sumatra, Indonesia, during its trip from Simanindo Harbour in Samosir Island to Tiga Ras Harbour in Simalungun Regency.
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Sipisopiso
The Sipisopiso is a plunge waterfall in the Batak highlands of Sumatra, Indonesia.
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Smithsonian Institution
The Smithsonian Institution, established on August 10, 1846 "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge," is a group of museums and research centers administered by the Government of the United States.
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Snakeskin gourami
The snakeskin gourami (Trichopodus pectoralis) is a species of gourami native to Southeast Asia.
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South Asia
South Asia or Southern Asia (also known as the Indian subcontinent) is a term used to represent the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan SAARC countries and, for some authorities, adjoining countries to the west and east.
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Spotted barb
Barbodes binotatus, commonly known as the spotted barb or common barb, is a tropical species of cyprinid fish native to Southeast Asia.
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Stratovolcano
A stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano, is a conical volcano built up by many layers (strata) of hardened lava, tephra, pumice and ash.
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Subduction
Subduction is a geological process that takes place at convergent boundaries of tectonic plates where one plate moves under another and is forced or sinks due to gravity into the mantle.
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Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide (also sulphur dioxide in British English) is the chemical compound with the formula.
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Sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid (alternative spelling sulphuric acid) is a mineral acid with molecular formula H2SO4.
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Sulfurous acid
Sulfurous acid (also sulphurous acid) is the chemical compound with the formula H2SO3.
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Sumatra
Sumatra is an Indonesian island in Southeast Asia that is part of the Sunda Islands.
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Sumatran tropical pine forests
The Sumatran tropical pine forests is a subtropical coniferous forest ecoregion on the island of Sumatra in Indonesia.
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Sunda Arc
The Sunda Arc is a volcanic arc that produced the islands of Sumatra and Java, the Sunda Strait and the Lesser Sunda Islands.
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Supervolcano
A supervolcano is a large volcano that has had an eruption of magnitude 8, which is the largest value on the Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI).
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Three spot gourami
The three spot gourami (Trichopodus trichopterus), also known as the blue gourami, is a species of gourami native to southeastern Asia, but also introduced elsewhere.
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Tinfoil barb
The tinfoil barb (Barbonymus schwanenfeldii) is a tropical Southeast Asian freshwater fish of the family Cyprinidae.
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Toba catastrophe theory
The Toba supereruption was a supervolcanic eruption that occurred about 75,000 years ago at the site of present-day Lake Toba in Sumatra, Indonesia.
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Tuff
Tuff (from the Italian tufo) is a type of rock made of volcanic ash ejected from a vent during a volcanic eruption.
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Types of volcanic eruptions
Several types of volcanic eruptions—during which lava, tephra (ash, lapilli, volcanic bombs and volcanic blocks), and assorted gases are expelled from a volcanic vent or fissure—have been distinguished by volcanologists.
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Uluan Peninsula
Uluan Peninsula extends into Lake Toba on the eastern side toward Medan, in Simalungun Regency and Toba Samosir Regency of North Sumatra province.
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United States Geological Survey
The United States Geological Survey (USGS, formerly simply Geological Survey) is a scientific agency of the United States government.
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University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
The University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign (also known as U of I, Illinois, or colloquially as the University of Illinois or UIUC) is a public research university in the U.S. state of Illinois and the flagship institution of the University of Illinois System.
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Volcanic Explosivity Index
The Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) is a relative measure of the explosiveness of volcanic eruptions.
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Volcanic winter
A volcanic winter is a reduction in global temperatures caused by volcanic ash and droplets of sulfuric acid and water obscuring the Sun and raising Earth's albedo (increasing the reflection of solar radiation) after a large, particularly explosive volcanic eruption.
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Walking catfish
The walking catfish (Clarias batrachus) is a species of freshwater airbreathing catfish native to Southeast Asia.
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William I. Rose
William I. Rose is a professor of mineralogy, petrology and meteorology at Michigan Technological University.
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Zooplankton
Zooplankton are heterotrophic (sometimes detritivorous) plankton.
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2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on 26 December with the epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia.
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2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake
The 2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake occurred on 28 March off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia.
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Redirects here:
Danau Toba, Lake Toba Caldera, Lake toba, Mount Toba, Pusukbukit, Tandukbenua, Toba Lake, Toba Volcano.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lake_Toba
