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259 relations: Aboriginal title, Acculturation, Agriculture, Albany, New York, Algonquian languages, Algonquian peoples, American Anthropologist, American Revolutionary War, Anadarko, Oklahoma, Anderson, Indiana, Anishinaabe, Anthropologist, Archaeology, Bartlesville, Oklahoma, Beaver Wars, Bergen, New Netherland, Bird, Bird's Fort, Texas, Black Beaver, Bowler, Wisconsin, Buckongahelas, Bureau of Indian Affairs, Burial Ridge, Caddo, Cambridge, Ohio, Captain Jacobs, Captain Pipe, Catskill Mountains, Cf., Charles Journeycake, Cherokee Nation, Christian, Christian Munsee, Christianity, Colony of Virginia, Comanche, Companion planting, Conquest of California, Continental Army, Coshocton, Ohio, Covenant Chain, Curtis Act of 1898, Daniel Brodhead IV, David Pietersz. de Vries, David Zeisberger, Deer, Delaware, Delaware Bay, Delaware languages, Delaware Nation, ..., Delaware Nation at Moraviantown, Delaware River, Delaware Tribe of Indians, Delaware Valley, Divisor, Drainage basin, Drainage divide, Eastern United States, Edwardsville, Kansas, Epidemic, Esopus people, Ethnic group, Ethnobotany, Ethnography, European colonization of the Americas, Exogamy, Exploration, First Nations, Fish, Forks Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, Fort Detroit, Fort Laurens, Fort Pitt (Pennsylvania), Fraud, French and Indian War, Fur trade, Game (hunting), Gelelemend, Giovanni da Verrazzano, Graham, Texas, Gustavus Hesselius, Hackensack people, Hackensack River, Handbook of North American Indians, Handbook of Texas, Hell Town, Ohio, Herbal tonic, History of New York City (prehistory–1664), History of Philadelphia, Hudson River, Hudson Valley, Hunter-gatherer, Hunting, Idaho, Immunity (medical), Indian Hannah, Indian removal, Indian reserve, Indian Territory, Indigenous peoples of the Eastern Woodlands, Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands, Infection, Iroquoian languages, Iroquois, James H. Simpson, James River (Missouri), Jersey City, New Jersey, John C. Frémont, John Heckewelder, John O. Meusebach, Juniata River, Justiciability, Kansas, Kansas River, Kansas–Nebraska Act, Kidney bean, Kinship, Landform, Lasso, Lehigh River, Lenape (disambiguation), Lenape settlements, Lenapehoking, Lewes, Delaware, List of federally recognized tribes, List of people from Delaware, List of unrecognized tribes in the United States, Long Island, Lower New York Bay, Maize, Manhattan, Manuel de Mier y Terán, Mastic, New York, Matrilineality, Matrilocal residence, Measles, Metoac, Mexican Texas, Mexican–American War, Mexico City, Michigan, Millwood, New York, Mingo, Mohawk River, Moravian Church, Mountain man, Munsee, Munsee language, Munsee-Delaware Nation, Nanticoke people, National Congress of American Indians, Native American Church, Natur & Kultur, Neolin, Netawatwees, Netherlands, New Amsterdam, New England, New Jersey, New Netherland, New Sweden, New York (state), New York Bay, New York City, New York Harbor, Newcomerstown, Ohio, Nomad, Nonintercourse Act, North American beaver, North American fur trade, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Ohio Country, Ohio River, Okehocking people, Oklahoma, Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act, Oneida County, New York, Ontario, Oratam, Oregon, Pacifism, Paul Otto (historian), Pavonia, New Netherland, Penn Treaty Park, Pennsylvania, Phratry, Pittsburgh, Pocono Mountains, Pontiac's War, Poospatuck Reservation, Province of Maryland, Province of Pennsylvania, Quakers, Ramapough Mountain Indians, Red River of the South, Religious conversion, Republic of Texas, Sabine River (Texas–Louisiana), Sam Houston, Sandusky River, Schuylkill River, Scioto River, Seafood, Second Seminole War, Seven Years' War, Shawnee, Shellfish, Shingas, Silas Wood, Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet, Six Nations of the Grand River, Slash-and-burn, Smallpox, Southwestern Ontario, Spanish Texas, St. Marys, Ohio, State-recognized tribes in the United States, Steven C. Harper, Stockbridge-Munsee Community, Susquehanna River, Susquehannock, Tamanend, Tammany Hall, Tatamy, Pennsylvania, Teedyuscung, Texas, Texas Hill Country, Texas Revolution, Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, Thornbury Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, Three Sisters (agriculture), Treaty of Bird's Fort, Treaty of Easton, Treaty of Fort Pitt, Tribal chief, Tributary state, Unalachtigo Lenape, Unami language, United States, United States Army Indian Scouts, United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, Upstate New York, Viburnum prunifolium, Walking Purchase, Wampum, Wappinger, Washita River, Western theater of the American Revolutionary War, White Eyes, White River (Arkansas–Missouri), William Dean Howells, William Penn, Wilsons Creek (Missouri), Wisconsin, Wyandot people, Wyoming Valley, Zwaanendael Colony, 16 (number). Expand index (209 more) »
Aboriginal title
Aboriginal title is a common law doctrine that the land rights of indigenous peoples to customary tenure persist after the assumption of sovereignty under settler colonialism.
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Acculturation
Acculturation is the process of social, psychological, and cultural change that stems from blending between cultures.
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Agriculture
Agriculture is the cultivation of land and breeding of animals and plants to provide food, fiber, medicinal plants and other products to sustain and enhance life.
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Albany, New York
Albany is the capital of the U.S. state of New York and the seat of Albany County.
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Algonquian languages
The Algonquian languages (or; also Algonkian) are a subfamily of Native American languages which includes most of the languages in the Algic language family.
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Algonquian peoples
The Algonquian are one of the most populous and widespread North American native language groups.
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American Anthropologist
American Anthropologist is the flagship journal of the American Anthropological Association (AAA), published quarterly by Wiley.
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American Revolutionary War
The American Revolutionary War (17751783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a global war that began as a conflict between Great Britain and its Thirteen Colonies which declared independence as the United States of America. After 1765, growing philosophical and political differences strained the relationship between Great Britain and its colonies. Patriot protests against taxation without representation followed the Stamp Act and escalated into boycotts, which culminated in 1773 with the Sons of Liberty destroying a shipment of tea in Boston Harbor. Britain responded by closing Boston Harbor and passing a series of punitive measures against Massachusetts Bay Colony. Massachusetts colonists responded with the Suffolk Resolves, and they established a shadow government which wrested control of the countryside from the Crown. Twelve colonies formed a Continental Congress to coordinate their resistance, establishing committees and conventions that effectively seized power. British attempts to disarm the Massachusetts militia at Concord, Massachusetts in April 1775 led to open combat. Militia forces then besieged Boston, forcing a British evacuation in March 1776, and Congress appointed George Washington to command the Continental Army. Concurrently, an American attempt to invade Quebec and raise rebellion against the British failed decisively. On July 2, 1776, the Continental Congress voted for independence, issuing its declaration on July 4. Sir William Howe launched a British counter-offensive, capturing New York City and leaving American morale at a low ebb. However, victories at Trenton and Princeton restored American confidence. In 1777, the British launched an invasion from Quebec under John Burgoyne, intending to isolate the New England Colonies. Instead of assisting this effort, Howe took his army on a separate campaign against Philadelphia, and Burgoyne was decisively defeated at Saratoga in October 1777. Burgoyne's defeat had drastic consequences. France formally allied with the Americans and entered the war in 1778, and Spain joined the war the following year as an ally of France but not as an ally of the United States. In 1780, the Kingdom of Mysore attacked the British in India, and tensions between Great Britain and the Netherlands erupted into open war. In North America, the British mounted a "Southern strategy" led by Charles Cornwallis which hinged upon a Loyalist uprising, but too few came forward. Cornwallis suffered reversals at King's Mountain and Cowpens. He retreated to Yorktown, Virginia, intending an evacuation, but a decisive French naval victory deprived him of an escape. A Franco-American army led by the Comte de Rochambeau and Washington then besieged Cornwallis' army and, with no sign of relief, he surrendered in October 1781. Whigs in Britain had long opposed the pro-war Tories in Parliament, and the surrender gave them the upper hand. In early 1782, Parliament voted to end all offensive operations in North America, but the war continued in Europe and India. Britain remained under siege in Gibraltar but scored a major victory over the French navy. On September 3, 1783, the belligerent parties signed the Treaty of Paris in which Great Britain agreed to recognize the sovereignty of the United States and formally end the war. French involvement had proven decisive,Brooks, Richard (editor). Atlas of World Military History. HarperCollins, 2000, p. 101 "Washington's success in keeping the army together deprived the British of victory, but French intervention won the war." but France made few gains and incurred crippling debts. Spain made some minor territorial gains but failed in its primary aim of recovering Gibraltar. The Dutch were defeated on all counts and were compelled to cede territory to Great Britain. In India, the war against Mysore and its allies concluded in 1784 without any territorial changes.
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Anadarko, Oklahoma
Anadarko is a city in Caddo County, Oklahoma, United States.
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Anderson, Indiana
Anderson is a city in and the county seat of Madison County, Indiana, United States.
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Anishinaabe
Anishinaabe (or Anishinabe, plural: Anishinaabeg) is the autonym for a group of culturally related indigenous peoples in Canada and the United States that are the Odawa, Ojibwe (including Mississaugas), Potawatomi, Oji-Cree, and Algonquin peoples.
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Anthropologist
An anthropologist is a person engaged in the practice of anthropology.
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Archaeology
Archaeology, or archeology, is the study of humanactivity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.
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Bartlesville, Oklahoma
Bartlesville is a city mostly in Washington County in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.
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Beaver Wars
The Beaver Wars, also known as the Iroquois Wars or the French and Iroquois Wars, encompass a series of conflicts fought intermittently during the 17th and 18th centuries in eastern North America.
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Bergen, New Netherland
Bergen was a part of the 17th century province of New Netherland, in the area in northeastern New Jersey along the Hudson and Hackensack Rivers that would become contemporary Hudson and Bergen Counties.
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Bird
Birds, also known as Aves, are a group of endothermic vertebrates, characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.
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Bird's Fort, Texas
Bird's Fort was a community about northwest of present downtown Dallas in present-day Arlington, Texas (USA).
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Black Beaver
Black Beaver or Suck-tum-mah-kway (1806—1880, Delaware) was a Native American trapper for the American Fur Company, a scout and guide, and interpreter who was fluent in English, and several European and Native American languages.
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Bowler, Wisconsin
Bowler is a village in Shawano County, Wisconsin, United States.
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Buckongahelas
Buckongahelas (c. 1720 – May 1805) was a regionally and nationally renowned Lenape chief, councilor and warrior.
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Bureau of Indian Affairs
The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) is an agency of the federal government of the United States within the U.S. Department of the Interior.
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Burial Ridge
Burial Ridge is a Native American archaeological site and burial ground located at Ward's Point - a bluff overlooking Raritan Bay in what is today the Tottenville section of Staten Island.
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Caddo
The Caddo Nation is a confederacy of several Southeastern Native American tribes.
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Cambridge, Ohio
Cambridge is a city in and the county seat of Guernsey County, Ohio, United States.
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Captain Jacobs
Captain Jacobs (died September 8, 1756) was a Delaware (Lenape) chief during the French and Indian War.
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Captain Pipe
Captain Pipe (c. 1725? – c. 1818?) (Lenape), called Konieschquanoheel and also known as Hopocan, was an 18th-century chief of the Algonquian-speaking Lenape (Delaware) and a member of the Wolf Clan.
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Catskill Mountains
The Catskill Mountains, also known as the Catskills, are a physiographic province of the larger Appalachian Mountains, located in southeastern New York.
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Cf.
The abbreviation cf. (short for the confer/conferatur, both meaning "compare") is used in writing to refer the reader to other material to make a comparison with the topic being discussed.
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Charles Journeycake
Charles Journeycake (December 16, 1817 - January 3, 1894), was a Christian Indian chief of the Lenape.
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Cherokee Nation
The Cherokee Nation (Cherokee: ᏣᎳᎩᎯ ᎠᏰᎵ, Tsalagihi Ayeli), also known as the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma, is the largest of three Cherokee federally recognized tribes in the United States.
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Christian
A Christian is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.
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Christian Munsee
The Christian Munsee were a group of Lenape native American Indians, primarily Munsee-speaking, who converted to Christianity, following the teachings of the Moravian missionaries.
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Christianity
ChristianityFrom Ancient Greek Χριστός Khristós (Latinized as Christus), translating Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ, Māšîăḥ, meaning "the anointed one", with the Latin suffixes -ian and -itas.
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Colony of Virginia
The Colony of Virginia, chartered in 1606 and settled in 1607, was the first enduring English colony in North America, following failed proprietary attempts at settlement on Newfoundland by Sir Humphrey GilbertGILBERT (Saunders Family), SIR HUMPHREY" (history), Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online, University of Toronto, May 2, 2005 in 1583, and the subsequent further south Roanoke Island (modern eastern North Carolina) by Sir Walter Raleigh in the late 1580s. The founder of the new colony was the Virginia Company, with the first two settlements in Jamestown on the north bank of the James River and Popham Colony on the Kennebec River in modern-day Maine, both in 1607. The Popham colony quickly failed due to a famine, disease, and conflict with local Native American tribes in the first two years. Jamestown occupied land belonging to the Powhatan Confederacy, and was also at the brink of failure before the arrival of a new group of settlers and supplies by ship in 1610. Tobacco became Virginia's first profitable export, the production of which had a significant impact on the society and settlement patterns. In 1624, the Virginia Company's charter was revoked by King James I, and the Virginia colony was transferred to royal authority as a crown colony. After the English Civil War in the 1640s and 50s, the Virginia colony was nicknamed "The Old Dominion" by King Charles II for its perceived loyalty to the English monarchy during the era of the Protectorate and Commonwealth of England.. From 1619 to 1775/1776, the colonial legislature of Virginia was the House of Burgesses, which governed in conjunction with a colonial governor. Jamestown on the James River remained the capital of the Virginia colony until 1699; from 1699 until its dissolution the capital was in Williamsburg. The colony experienced its first major political turmoil with Bacon's Rebellion of 1676. After declaring independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain in 1775, before the Declaration of Independence was officially adopted, the Virginia colony became the Commonwealth of Virginia, one of the original thirteen states of the United States, adopting as its official slogan "The Old Dominion". The entire modern states of West Virginia, Kentucky, Indiana and Illinois, and portions of Ohio and Western Pennsylvania were later created from the territory encompassed, or claimed by, the colony of Virginia at the time of further American independence in July 1776.
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Comanche
The Comanche (Nʉmʉnʉʉ) are a Native American nation from the Great Plains whose historic territory, known as Comancheria, consisted of present-day eastern New Mexico, southeastern Colorado, southwestern Kansas, western Oklahoma, and most of northwest Texas and northern Chihuahua.
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Companion planting
Companion planting in gardening and agriculture is the planting of different crops in proximity for any of a number of different reasons, including pest control, pollination, providing habitat for beneficial creatures, maximizing use of space, and to otherwise increase crop productivity.
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Conquest of California
The California Campaign (1846–1847), colloquially the Conquest of California or Conquest of Alta California by the United States, was an early military campaign of the Mexican–American War that took place in the western part of Mexico's Alta California Department, in the present-day state of California.
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Continental Army
The Continental Army was formed by the Second Continental Congress after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America.
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Coshocton, Ohio
Coshocton is a city in and the county seat of Coshocton County, Ohio, United States approximately 63 mi (102 km) ENE of Columbus.
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Covenant Chain
The Covenant Chain was a series of alliances and treaties developed during the seventeenth century, primarily between the Iroquois Confederacy (Haudenosaunee) and the British colonies of North America, with other Native American tribes added.
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Curtis Act of 1898
The Curtis Act of 1898 was an amendment to the United States Dawes Act; it resulted in the break-up of tribal governments and communal lands in Indian Territory (now Oklahoma) of the Five Civilized Tribes of Indian Territory: the Choctaw, Chickasaw, Muscogee (Creek), Cherokee, and Seminole.
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Daniel Brodhead IV
Daniel Brodhead IV (October 17, 1736 – November 15, 1809) was an American military and political leader during the American Revolutionary War and early days of the United States.
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David Pietersz. de Vries
Captain David Pieterszoon de Vries (c. 1593 in La Rochelle – September 13, 1655 in HoornJoris van der Meer, 2001 (Dutch)) was a Dutch navigator from Hoorn, Holland.
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David Zeisberger
David Zeisberger (April 11, 1721 – November 17, 1808) was a Moravian clergyman and missionary among the Native Americans in the Thirteen Colonies.
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Deer
Deer (singular and plural) are the ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae.
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Delaware
Delaware is one of the 50 states of the United States, in the Mid-Atlantic or Northeastern region.
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Delaware Bay
Delaware Bay is the estuary outlet of the Delaware River on the Northeast seaboard of the United States.
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Delaware languages
The Delaware languages, also known as the Lenape languages, are Munsee and Unami, two closely related languages of the Eastern Algonquian subgroup of the Algonquian language family.
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Delaware Nation
The Delaware Nation, also known as the Delaware Tribe of Western Oklahoma and sometimes called the Absentee or Western Delaware, based in Anadarko, Oklahoma NewsOk. 4 Aug 2009 (retrieved 5 August 2009) is one of three federally recognized tribes of Delaware Indians in the United States, along with the Delaware Indians based in Bartlesville, Oklahoma and the Stockbridge-Munsee Community of Wisconsin.
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Delaware Nation at Moraviantown
Moravian 47 (Munsee: Náahii, literally 'downstream') is an Indian reserve located in Chatham-Kent Ontario with an area of 13 km².
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Delaware River
The Delaware River is a major river on the Atlantic coast of the United States.
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Delaware Tribe of Indians
The Delaware Tribe of Indians, sometimes called the Eastern Delaware, based in Bartlesville, Oklahoma, is one of three federally recognized tribes of Delaware Indians in the United States, along with the Delaware Nation based in Anadarko, Oklahoma NewsOk. 4 Aug 2009 (retrieved 5 August 2009) and the Stockbridge-Munsee Community of Wisconsin.
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Delaware Valley
The Delaware Valley is the valley through which the Delaware River flows.
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Divisor
In mathematics, a divisor of an integer n, also called a factor of n, is an integer m that may be multiplied by some integer to produce n. In this case, one also says that n is a multiple of m. An integer n is divisible by another integer m if m is a divisor of n; this implies dividing n by m leaves no remainder.
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Drainage basin
A drainage basin is any area of land where precipitation collects and drains off into a common outlet, such as into a river, bay, or other body of water.
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Drainage divide
A drainage divide, water divide, divide, ridgeline, watershed, or water parting is the line that separates neighbouring drainage basins.
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Eastern United States
The Eastern United States, commonly referred to as the American East or simply the East, is a region roughly coinciding with the boundaries of the United States established in the 1783 Treaty of Paris, which bounded the new country to the west along the Mississippi River.
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Edwardsville, Kansas
Edwardsville is a city in Wyandotte County, Kansas, United States and is part of the "Unified Government" which also contains Kansas City, Kansas, most of Bonner Springs, and roughly one quarter of Lake Quivira.
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Epidemic
An epidemic (from Greek ἐπί epi "upon or above" and δῆμος demos "people") is the rapid spread of infectious disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time, usually two weeks or less.
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Esopus people
The Esopus tribe (pr. es-SOAP-es) was a tribe of Lenape (Delaware) Native Americans who were native to Upstate New York, specifically the region of the Catskill Mountains.
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Ethnic group
An ethnic group, or an ethnicity, is a category of people who identify with each other based on similarities such as common ancestry, language, history, society, culture or nation.
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Ethnobotany
Ethnobotany is the study of a region's plants and their practical uses through the traditional knowledge of a local culture and people.
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Ethnography
Ethnography (from Greek ἔθνος ethnos "folk, people, nation" and γράφω grapho "I write") is the systematic study of people and cultures.
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European colonization of the Americas
The European colonization of the Americas describes the history of the settlement and establishment of control of the continents of the Americas by most of the naval powers of Europe.
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Exogamy
Exogamy is a social arrangement where marriage is allowed only outside a social group.
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Exploration
Exploration is the act of searching for the purpose of discovery of information or resources.
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First Nations
In Canada, the First Nations (Premières Nations) are the predominant indigenous peoples in Canada south of the Arctic Circle.
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Fish
Fish are gill-bearing aquatic craniate animals that lack limbs with digits.
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Forks Township, Northampton County, Pennsylvania
Forks Township is a township in Northampton County, Pennsylvania, United States.
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Fort Detroit
Fort Pontchartrain du Détroit or Fort Detroit was a fort established on the west bank of the Detroit River by the French officer Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac in 1701.
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Fort Laurens
Fort Laurens was an American Revolutionary War fort in what is now the U.S. state of Ohio.
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Fort Pitt (Pennsylvania)
Fort Pitt was a fort built by British colonists during the Seven Years' War at the confluence of the Monongahela and Allegheny rivers, where the Ohio River is formed in western Pennsylvania (modern day Pittsburgh).
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Fraud
In law, fraud is deliberate deception to secure unfair or unlawful gain, or to deprive a victim of a legal right.
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French and Indian War
The French and Indian War (1754–63) comprised the North American theater of the worldwide Seven Years' War of 1756–63.
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Fur trade
The fur trade is a worldwide industry dealing in the acquisition and sale of animal fur.
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Game (hunting)
Game or quarry is any animal hunted for sport or for food.
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Gelelemend
Gelelemend (1737–1811) (Lenape), also known as Killbuck or John Killbuck Jr., was an important Delaware (Lenape) chief during the American Revolutionary War, who supported the rebel Americans.
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Giovanni da Verrazzano
Giovanni da Verrazzano (sometimes also incorrectly spelled Verrazano) (1485–1528) was an Italian explorer of North America, in the service of King Francis I of France.
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Graham, Texas
Graham is a city in north central Texas.
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Gustavus Hesselius
Gustavus Hesselius (1682 – May 25, 1755) was a Swedish born painter who emigrated to the New World in 1711.
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Hackensack people
Hackensack was the exonym given by the Dutch colonists to a band of the Lenape, a Native American tribe.
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Hackensack River
The Hackensack River is a river, approximately 45 miles (72 km) long, in the U.S. states of New York and New Jersey, emptying into Newark Bay, a back chamber of New York Harbor.
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Handbook of North American Indians
The Handbook of North American Indians is a monographic series of edited scholarly and reference volumes in Americanist studies, published by the Smithsonian Institution beginning in 1978.
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Handbook of Texas
The Handbook of Texas is a comprehensive encyclopedia of Texas geography, history, and historical persons published by the Texas State Historical Association (TSHA).
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Hell Town, Ohio
Hell Town is the name for a Lenape (or Delware) Native-American village located on Clear Creek near the abandoned town of Newville, in the U.S. state of Ohio.
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Herbal tonic
In herbal medicine, an herbal tonic is used to help restore, tone and invigorate systems in the body or to promote general health and well-being.
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History of New York City (prehistory–1664)
The history of New York City has been influenced by the prehistoric geological formation during the last glacial period of the territory that is today New York City.
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History of Philadelphia
The written history of Philadelphia begins on October 27, 1682, when the city was founded by William Penn in the English Crown Province of Pennsylvania between the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers.
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Hudson River
The Hudson River is a river that flows from north to south primarily through eastern New York in the United States.
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Hudson Valley
The Hudson Valley comprises the valley of the Hudson River and its adjacent communities in the U.S. state of New York, from the cities of Albany and Troy southward to Yonkers in Westchester County.
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Hunter-gatherer
A hunter-gatherer is a human living in a society in which most or all food is obtained by foraging (collecting wild plants and pursuing wild animals), in contrast to agricultural societies, which rely mainly on domesticated species.
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Hunting
Hunting is the practice of killing or trapping animals, or pursuing or tracking them with the intent of doing so.
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Idaho
Idaho is a state in the northwestern region of the United States.
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Immunity (medical)
In biology, immunity is the balanced state of multicellular organisms having adequate biological defenses to fight infection, disease, or other unwanted biological invasion, while having adequate tolerance to avoid allergy, and autoimmune diseases.
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Indian Hannah
Indian Hannah (Mrs. Hannah Freeman) (1730–1802) was supposedly the last of the Lenni-Lenape Indians (or Delawares) in Chester County, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Indian removal
Indian removal was a forced migration in the 19th century whereby Native Americans were forced by the United States government to leave their ancestral homelands in the eastern United States to lands west of the Mississippi River, specifically to a designated Indian Territory (roughly, modern Oklahoma).
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Indian reserve
In Canada, an Indian reserve (réserve indienne) is specified by the Indian Act as a "tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty, that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band." First Nations reserves are the areas set aside for First Nations people after a contract with the Canadian state ("the Crown"), and are not to be confused with land claims areas, which involve all of that First Nations' traditional lands: a much larger territory than any other reserve.
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Indian Territory
As general terms, Indian Territory, the Indian Territories, or Indian country describe an evolving land area set aside by the United States Government for the relocation of Native Americans who held aboriginal title to their land.
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Indigenous peoples of the Eastern Woodlands
The Eastern Woodlands is a cultural area of the indigenous people of North America.
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Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands
Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands include Native American tribes and First Nation bands residing in or originating from a cultural area encompassing the northeastern and Midwest United States and southeastern Canada.
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Infection
Infection is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce.
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Iroquoian languages
The Iroquoian languages are a language family of indigenous peoples of North America.
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Iroquois
The Iroquois or Haudenosaunee (People of the Longhouse) are a historically powerful northeast Native American confederacy.
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James H. Simpson
James Hervey Simpson (1813-1883) was an officer in the U.S. Army and a member of the United States Corps of Topographical Engineers.
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James River (Missouri)
The James River is a U.S. Geological Survey.
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Jersey City, New Jersey
Jersey City is the second-most-populous city in the U.S. state of New Jersey, after Newark.
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John C. Frémont
John Charles Frémont or Fremont (January 21, 1813July 13, 1890) was an American explorer, politician, and soldier who, in 1856, became the first candidate of the Republican Party for the office of President of the United States.
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John Heckewelder
John Gottlieb Ernestus Heckewelder (March 12, 1743 – January 21, 1823) was an American missionary for the Moravian Church.
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John O. Meusebach
John O. Meusebach (May 26, 1812 – May 27, 1897), born Otfried Hans Freiherr von Meusebach, was at first a Prussian bureaucrat, later an American farmer and politician who served in the Texas Senate, District 22.
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Juniata River
The Juniata River is a tributary of the Susquehanna River, approximately long,U.S. Geological Survey.
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Justiciability
Justiciability concerns the limits upon legal issues over which a court can exercise its judicial authority.
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Kansas
Kansas is a U.S. state in the Midwestern United States.
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Kansas River
The Kansas River, also known as the Kaw, is a river in northeastern Kansas in the United States.
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Kansas–Nebraska Act
The Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854 created the territories of Kansas and Nebraska and was drafted by Democratic Senator Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois and President Franklin Pierce.
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Kidney bean
The kidney bean is a variety of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris).
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Kinship
In anthropology, kinship is the web of social relationships that form an important part of the lives of all humans in all societies, although its exact meanings even within this discipline are often debated.
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Landform
A landform is a natural feature of the solid surface of the Earth or other planetary body.
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Lasso
A lasso, from the Castilian word, Lazo.
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Lehigh River
The Lehigh River, a tributary of the Delaware River, is a U.S. Geological Survey.
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Lenape (disambiguation)
Lenape are a Native American people.
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Lenape settlements
Lenape settlements are villages and other sites founded by Lenape people, a Native American tribe from the Northeastern Woodlands.
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Lenapehoking
Lenapehoking is a term for the lands historically inhabited by the Native American people known as the Lenape (named the Delaware people or Delaware Nation by early European settlers) in what is now the Northeastern United States.
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Lewes, Delaware
Lewes is an incorporated city on the Delaware Bay in eastern Sussex County, Delaware.
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List of federally recognized tribes
There is a list of federally recognized tribes in the contiguous United States of America.
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List of people from Delaware
This is a list of all people prominent enough to be contained in Wikipedia who were associated with the state of Delaware, including those who were born, lived or were otherwise associated with locally performed activities in a recognizable way.
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List of unrecognized tribes in the United States
Unrecognized tribes in the United States are organizations of people who claim to be historically, culturally or genetically related to historic Native American Indian tribes but who are not officially recognized as indigenous nations by the United States federal government, which has a direct relationship with sovereign nations, or by individual states under their separate legislative processes, or by recognized indigenous nations.
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Long Island
Long Island is a densely populated island off the East Coast of the United States, beginning at New York Harbor just 0.35 miles (0.56 km) from Manhattan Island and extending eastward into the Atlantic Ocean.
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Lower New York Bay
Lower New York Bay is a section of New York Bay south of the Narrows, the relatively narrow strait between the shores of Staten Island and Brooklyn.
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Maize
Maize (Zea mays subsp. mays, from maíz after Taíno mahiz), also known as corn, is a cereal grain first domesticated by indigenous peoples in southern Mexico about 10,000 years ago.
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Manhattan
Manhattan is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and its historical birthplace.
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Manuel de Mier y Terán
José Manuel Rafael Simeón de Mier y Terán (February 18, 1789 — July 3, 1832), commonly called Manuel de Mier y Terán or General Teran, was a Mexican general involved in the Mexican and Texan revolutions.
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Mastic, New York
Mastic is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the southeastern part of the town of Brookhaven in central Suffolk County, New York, United States.
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Matrilineality
Matrilineality is the tracing of descent through the female line.
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Matrilocal residence
In social anthropology, matrilocal residence or matrilocality (also uxorilocal residence or uxorilocality) is the societal system in which a married couple resides with or near the wife's parents.
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Measles
Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the measles virus.
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Metoac
Metoac was a term erroneously used to describe Native Americans on Long Island in New York state, in the belief that various bands on the island comprised distinct tribes.
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Mexican Texas
Mexican Texas is the historiographical name used to refer to the era of Texan history between 1821 and 1836, when it was part of Mexico.
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Mexican–American War
The Mexican–American War, also known as the Mexican War in the United States and in Mexico as the American intervention in Mexico, was an armed conflict between the United States of America and the United Mexican States (Mexico) from 1846 to 1848.
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Mexico City
Mexico City, or the City of Mexico (Ciudad de México,; abbreviated as CDMX), is the capital of Mexico and the most populous city in North America.
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Michigan
Michigan is a state in the Great Lakes and Midwestern regions of the United States.
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Millwood, New York
Millwood is a hamlet located in the town of New Castle, New York in Westchester County.
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Mingo
The Mingo people are an Iroquoian-speaking group of Native Americans made up of peoples who migrated west to the Ohio Country in the mid-18th century, primarily Seneca and Cayuga.
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Mohawk River
The Mohawk River is a U.S. Geological Survey.
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Moravian Church
The Moravian Church, formally named the Unitas Fratrum (Latin for "Unity of the Brethren"), in German known as Brüdergemeine (meaning "Brethren's Congregation from Herrnhut", the place of the Church's renewal in the 18th century), is one of the oldest Protestant denominations in the world with its heritage dating back to the Bohemian Reformation in the fifteenth century and the Unity of the Brethren (Czech: Jednota bratrská) established in the Kingdom of Bohemia.
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Mountain man
A mountain man is an explorer who lives in the wilderness.
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Munsee
The Munsee (or Minsi or Muncee) or mə́n'si·w are a subtribe of the Lenape, originally constituting one of the three great divisions of that nation and dwelling along the upper portion of the Delaware River, the Minisink, and the adjacent country in New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania.
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Munsee language
Munsee (also known as Munsee Delaware, Delaware, Ontario Delaware) is an endangered language of the Eastern Algonquian subgroup of the Algonquian language family, itself a branch of the Algic language family.
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Munsee-Delaware Nation
Munsee-Delaware Nation is a Lenape First Nations band government located west of St. Thomas, in southwest Ontario, Canada.
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Nanticoke people
The Nanticoke people are an indigenous American Algonquian people, whose traditional homelands are in Chesapeake Bay and Delaware.
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National Congress of American Indians
The National Congress of American Indians (NCAI) is an American Indian and Alaska Native indigenous rights organization.
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Native American Church
The Native American Church (NAC), also known as Peyotism and Peyote Religion, is a Native American religion that teaches a combination of traditional Native American beliefs and Christianity, with sacramental use of the entheogen peyote.
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Natur & Kultur
Natur & Kultur is a Swedish publishing foundation with head office in Stockholm known for an extensive series of teaching materials.
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Neolin
Neolin (meaning the enlightened in Algonquian) was a prophet of the Lenni Lenape (also known as Delaware) from the area of Muskingum County, Ohio.
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Netawatwees
Netawatwees (c. 1686–1776) was a Delaware (Lenape) chief of the Unami, or Turtle, subtribe.
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Netherlands
The Netherlands (Nederland), often referred to as Holland, is a country located mostly in Western Europe with a population of seventeen million.
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New Amsterdam
New Amsterdam (Nieuw Amsterdam, or) was a 17th-century Dutch settlement established at the southern tip of Manhattan Island that served as the seat of the colonial government in New Netherland.
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New England
New England is a geographical region comprising six states of the northeastern United States: Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Connecticut.
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New Jersey
New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the Northeastern United States.
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New Netherland
New Netherland (Dutch: Nieuw Nederland; Latin: Nova Belgica or Novum Belgium) was a 17th-century colony of the Dutch Republic that was located on the east coast of North America.
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New Sweden
New Sweden (Swedish: Nya Sverige; Uusi Ruotsi; Nova Svecia) was a Swedish colony along the lower reaches of the Delaware River in North America from 1638 to 1655, established during the Thirty Years' War, when Sweden was a great power.
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New York (state)
New York is a state in the northeastern United States.
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New York Bay
New York Bay is the collective term for the marine areas surrounding the river mouth of the Hudson River into the Atlantic Ocean, in New Jersey and New York City.
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New York City
The City of New York, often called New York City (NYC) or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.
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New York Harbor
New York Harbor, part of the Port of New York and New Jersey, is at the mouth of the Hudson River where it empties into New York Bay and into the Atlantic Ocean at the East Coast of the United States.
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Newcomerstown, Ohio
Newcomerstown is a village in Tuscarawas County, Ohio, United States, east-northeast of Columbus.
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Nomad
A nomad (νομάς, nomas, plural tribe) is a member of a community of people who live in different locations, moving from one place to another in search of grasslands for their animals.
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Nonintercourse Act
The Nonintercourse Act (also known as the Indian Intercourse Act or the Indian Nonintercourse Act) is the collective name given to six statutes passed by the Congress in 1790, 1793, 1796, 1799, 1802, and 1834 to set Amerindian boundaries of reservations.
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North American beaver
The North American beaver (Castor canadensis) is one of two extant beaver species.
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North American fur trade
The North American fur trade was the industry and activities related to the acquisition, trade, exchange, and sale of animal furs in North America.
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Northampton County, Pennsylvania
Northampton County is a county located in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania.
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Ohio
Ohio is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States.
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Ohio Country
The Ohio Country (sometimes called the Ohio Territory or Ohio Valley by the French) was a name used in the 18th century for the regions of North America west of the Appalachian Mountains and in the region of the upper Ohio River south of Lake Erie.
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Ohio River
The Ohio River, which streams westward from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to Cairo, Illinois, is the largest tributary, by volume, of the Mississippi River in the United States.
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Okehocking people
The Okehocking Tribe (also known as Ockanickon) was a small band of Unami language-speaking Delaware Indians, who occupied an area along the Ridley and Crum creeks in Chester County, Pennsylvania.
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Oklahoma
Oklahoma (Uukuhuúwa, Gahnawiyoˀgeh) is a state in the South Central region of the United States.
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Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act
The Oklahoma Indian Welfare Act of 1936 (also known as the Thomas-Rogers Act) is a United States federal law that extended the 1934 Wheeler-Howard or Indian Reorganization Act to include those tribes within the boundaries of the state of Oklahoma.
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Oneida County, New York
Oneida County is a county located in the state of New York, in the United States.
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Ontario
Ontario is one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada and is located in east-central Canada.
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Oratam
Oratam (or Oritani) was sagamore, or sachem, of the Hackensack Indians living in northeastern New Jersey during the period of early European colonization in the 17th century.
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Oregon
Oregon is a state in the Pacific Northwest region on the West Coast of the United States.
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Pacifism
Pacifism is opposition to war, militarism, or violence.
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Paul Otto (historian)
Paul Otto is a professor of American history at George Fox University, and a noted researcher in the area of Dutch-Native American relations and wampum.
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Pavonia, New Netherland
Pavonia was the first European settlement on the west bank of the North River (Hudson River) that was part of the seventeenth-century province of New Netherland in what would become the present Hudson County, New Jersey.
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Penn Treaty Park
Penn Treaty Park is a small park on the western bank of the Delaware River, in the Fishtown neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania German: Pennsylvaani or Pennsilfaani), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state located in the northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.
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Phratry
In ancient Greece, a phratry (phratria, φ(ρ)ατρία, "brotherhood", "kinfolk", derived from φρατήρ meaning "brother") was a social division of the Greek tribe (phyle). The nature of these phratries is, in the words of one historian, "the darkest problem among the social institutions." Little is known about the role they played in Greek social life, but they existed from the Greek Dark Ages until the 2nd century BC; Homer refers to them several times, in passages that appear to describe the social environment of his times. In Athens, enrollment in a phratry seems to have been the basic requirement for citizenship in the state before the reforms of Cleisthenes in 508 BC. From their peak of prominence in the Dark Ages, when they appear to have been a substantial force in Greek social life, phratries gradually declined in significance throughout the classical period as other groups (such as political parties) gained influence at their cost. Phratries contained smaller kin groups called gene; these appear to have arisen later than phratries, and it appears that not all members of phratries belonged to a genos; membership in these smaller groups may have been limited to elites. On an even smaller level, the basic kinship group of ancient Greek societies was the oikos (household).
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Pittsburgh
Pittsburgh is a city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in the United States, and is the county seat of Allegheny County.
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Pocono Mountains
The Pocono Mountains, commonly referred to as the Poconos, are a geographical, geological, and cultural region in Northeastern Pennsylvania, United States.
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Pontiac's War
Pontiac's War (also known as Pontiac's Conspiracy or Pontiac's Rebellion) was launched in 1763 by a loose confederation of elements of Native American tribes, primarily from the Great Lakes region, the Illinois Country, and Ohio Country who were dissatisfied with British postwar policies in the Great Lakes region after the British victory in the French and Indian War (1754–1763).
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Poospatuck Reservation
The Poospatuck Reservation is an Indian reservation of the Unkechaugi Band also known as the Unkechaug Indian Nation in the community of Mastic, Suffolk County, New York, United States.
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Province of Maryland
The Province of Maryland was an English and later British colony in North America that existed from 1632 until 1776, when it joined the other twelve of the Thirteen Colonies in rebellion against Great Britain and became the U.S. state of Maryland.
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Province of Pennsylvania
The Province of Pennsylvania, also known as the Pennsylvania Colony, was founded in English North America by William Penn on March 4, 1681 as dictated in a royal charter granted by King Charles II.
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Quakers
Quakers (or Friends) are members of a historically Christian group of religious movements formally known as the Religious Society of Friends or Friends Church.
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Ramapough Mountain Indians
The Ramapough Mountain Indians (also spelled Ramapo), also known as the Ramapough Lenape Nation or Ramapough Lunaape Munsee Delaware Nation, are a group of approximately 5,000 people living around the Ramapo Mountains of Bergen and Passaic counties in northern New Jersey and Rockland County in southern New York, about 25 miles (40 km) from New York City. They were recognized in 1980 by the state of New Jersey as the Ramapough Lenape Nation but are not federally recognized. Their tribal office is located on Stag Hill Road on Houvenkopf Mountain in Mahwah, New Jersey. Since January 2007, the chief of the Ramapough Lenape Nation has been Dwaine Perry. The Ramapough Lenape Indian Nation claim descent from the Lenape, whose regional bands included the Hackensack, Tappan, Rumachenanck/Haverstroo, Munsee/Minisink, and Ramapo people. They also claim descent from peoples of varying degrees of Tuscarora, African, and Dutch and other European ancestry. The Lenape language in this area was Munsee, an Algonquian dialect. The Tuscarora spoke an Iroquoian language. Following contact with European colonists, ancestors of the Ramapough Lenape Indian Nation were also known to have spoken Jersey Dutch and English. Today they speak English.Kraft, Herbert C. (1986), The Lenape: Archaeology, History, and Ethnography, New Jersey Historical Society, Newark, NJ. p. 241, The Ramapough are working to restore the Munsee language among their members. The Ramapough Lenape Nation, the Nanticoke Lenni-Lenape Tribal Nation, and the Powhatan Renape Nation have a longstanding history of working together to care for members in the state of New Jersey. As of May 2011, the three tribes formed the United State-Recognized Tribes of New Jersey.
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Red River of the South
The Red River, or sometimes the Red River of the South, is a major river in the southern United States of America. The river was named for the red-bed country of its watershed. It is one of several rivers with that name. Although it was once a tributary of the Mississippi River, the Red River is now a tributary of the Atchafalaya River, a distributary of the Mississippi that flows separately into the Gulf of Mexico. It is connected to the Mississippi River by the Old River Control Structure. The south bank of the Red River formed part of the US–Mexico border from the Adams–Onís Treaty (in force 1821) until the Texas Annexation and the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. The Red River is the second-largest river basin in the southern Great Plains. It rises in two branches in the Texas Panhandle and flows east, where it acts as the border between the states of Texas and Oklahoma. It forms a short border between Texas and Arkansas before entering Arkansas, turning south near Fulton, Arkansas, and flowing into Louisiana, where it flows into the Atchafalaya River. The total length of the river is, with a mean flow of over at the mouth.
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Religious conversion
Religious conversion is the adoption of a set of beliefs identified with one particular religious denomination to the exclusion of others.
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Republic of Texas
The Republic of Texas (República de Tejas) was an independent sovereign state in North America that existed from March 2, 1836, to February 19, 1846.
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Sabine River (Texas–Louisiana)
The Sabine River is a river, long,U.S. Geological Survey.
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Sam Houston
Sam Houston (March 2, 1793July 26, 1863) was an American soldier and politician.
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Sandusky River
The Sandusky River (Shawnee: Potakihiipi) is a tributary to Lake Erie in north-central Ohio in the United States.
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Schuylkill River
The Schuylkill River is an important river running northwest to southeast in eastern Pennsylvania, which was improved by navigations into the Schuylkill Canal.
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Scioto River
The Scioto River is a river in central and southern Ohio more than 231 miles (372 km) in length.
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Seafood
Seafood is any form of sea life regarded as food by humans.
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Second Seminole War
The Second Seminole War, also known as the Florida War, was a conflict from 1835 to 1842 in Florida between various groups of Native Americans collectively known as Seminoles and the United States, part of a series of conflicts called the Seminole Wars.
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Seven Years' War
The Seven Years' War was a global conflict fought between 1756 and 1763.
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Shawnee
The Shawnee (Shaawanwaki, Ša˙wano˙ki and Shaawanowi lenaweeki) are an Algonquian-speaking ethnic group indigenous to North America. In colonial times they were a semi-migratory Native American nation, primarily inhabiting areas of the Ohio Valley, extending from what became Ohio and Kentucky eastward to West Virginia, Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Western Maryland; south to Alabama and South Carolina; and westward to Indiana, and Illinois. Pushed west by European-American pressure, the Shawnee migrated to Missouri and Kansas, with some removed to Indian Territory (Oklahoma) west of the Mississippi River in the 1830s. Other Shawnee did not remove to Oklahoma until after the Civil War. Made up of different historical and kinship groups, today there are three federally recognized Shawnee tribes, all headquartered in Oklahoma: the Absentee-Shawnee Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma, Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma, and Shawnee Tribe.
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Shellfish
Shellfish is a food source and fisheries term for exoskeleton-bearing aquatic invertebrates used as food, including various species of molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms.
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Shingas
Shingas (fl. 1740–1763), was a leader of the Delaware (Lenape) people in the Ohio Country and a noted American Indian warrior on the western frontier during the French and Indian War.
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Silas Wood
Silas Wood (September 14, 1769 – March 2, 1847) was a U.S. Representative from New York.
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Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet
Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet (171511 July 1774) was an Irish official of the British Empire.
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Six Nations of the Grand River
Six Nations (or Six Nations of the Grand River, Réserve des Six Nations) is the largest First Nations reserve in Canada.
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Slash-and-burn
Slash-and-burn agriculture, or fire–fallow cultivation, is a farming method that involves the cutting and burning of plants in a forest or woodland to create a field called a swidden.
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Smallpox
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by one of two virus variants, Variola major and Variola minor.
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Southwestern Ontario
Southwestern Ontario is a secondary region of Southern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario.
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Spanish Texas
Spanish Texas was one of the interior provinces of the Spanish colonial Viceroyalty of New Spain from 1690 until 1821.
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St. Marys, Ohio
St.
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State-recognized tribes in the United States
State-recognized tribes are Native American Indian tribes, Nations, and Heritage Groups that have been recognized by a process established under assorted state laws for varying purposes.
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Steven C. Harper
Steven Craig Harper (born 1970) is a historian for the Church History Department of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and a former professor of church history and doctrine at Brigham Young University.
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Stockbridge-Munsee Community
The Stockbridge-Munsee Community also known as the Mohican Nation Stockbridge-Munsee Band is a federally recognized Native American tribe formed in the late eighteenth century from communities of so-called "praying Indians" (or Moravian Indians), descended from Christianized members of two distinct peoples: Mohicans from the praying town of Stockbridge, Massachusetts, and Munsees.
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Susquehanna River
The Susquehanna River (Lenape: Siskëwahane) is a major river located in the northeastern United States.
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Susquehannock
Susquehannock people, also called the Conestoga (by the English)The American Heritage Book of Indians, pages 188-189 were Iroquoian-speaking Native Americans who lived in areas adjacent to the Susquehanna River and its tributaries ranging from its upper reaches in the southern part of what is now New York (near the lands of the Five Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy), through eastern and central Pennsylvania West of the Poconos and the upper Delaware River (and the Delaware nations), with lands extending beyond the mouth of the Susquehanna in Maryland along the west bank of the Potomac at the north end of the Chesapeake Bay.
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Tamanend
Tamanend or Tammany or Tammamend, the "affable", (c. 1625–c. 1701) was a chief of one of the clans that made up the Lenni-Lenape nation in the Delaware Valley at the time Philadelphia was established.
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Tammany Hall
Tammany Hall, also known as the Society of St.
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Tatamy, Pennsylvania
Tatamy is a borough in Northampton County, Pennsylvania, United States.
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Teedyuscung
Teedyuscung (c. 1700–1763) was known as King of the Delawares.
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Texas
Texas (Texas or Tejas) is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population.
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Texas Hill Country
The Texas Hill Country is a geographic region located in the Edwards Plateau at the crossroads of West Texas, Central Texas, and South Texas.
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Texas Revolution
The Texas Revolution (October 2, 1835 – April 21, 1836) was a rebellion of colonists from the United States and Tejanos (Texas Mexicans) in putting up armed resistance to the centralist government of Mexico.
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Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr
Thomas West, 3rd and 12th Baron De La Warr (9 July 1577 – 7 June 1618) was an English politician, for whom the bay, the river, and, consequently, a Native American people and U.S. state, all later called "Delaware", were named.
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Thornbury Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania
Thornbury Township is a township in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States.
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Three Sisters (agriculture)
The Three Sisters are the three main agricultural crops of various Native American groups in North America: winter squash, maize (corn), and climbing beans (typically tepary beans or common beans).
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Treaty of Bird's Fort
The Treaty of Bird’s Fort, or Bird’s Fort Treaty was a peace treaty between the Republic of Texas and some of the Indian tribes of Texas and Oklahoma, signed on September 29, 1843.
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Treaty of Easton
The Treaty of Easton was a colonial agreement in North America signed in October 1758 during the French and Indian War (Seven Years' War) between British colonials and the chiefs of 13 Native American nations, representing tribes of the Iroquois, Lenape (Delaware), and Shawnee.
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Treaty of Fort Pitt
The Treaty of Fort Pitt — also known as the Treaty With the Delawares, the Delaware Treaty, or the Fourth Treaty of Pittsburgh, — was signed on September 17, 1778 and was the first written treaty between the new United States of America and any American Indians—the Lenape (Delaware Indians) in this case.
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Tribal chief
A tribal chief is the leader of a tribal society or chiefdom.
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Tributary state
A tributary state is a term for a pre-modern state in a particular type of subordinate relationship to a more powerful state which involved the sending of a regular token of submission, or tribute, to the superior power.
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Unalachtigo Lenape
The Unalachtigo were a purported division of the Lenape (Delaware Indians), a Native American tribe whose homeland Lenapehoking was in what is today the Northeastern United States.
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Unami language
Unami is an Algonquian language spoken by Lenape people in the late 17th-century and the early 18th-century, in what then was (or later became) the southern two-thirds of New Jersey, southeastern Pennsylvania and the northern two-thirds of Delaware, but later in Ontario and Oklahoma.
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United States
The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.
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United States Army Indian Scouts
Native Americans have made up an integral part of U.S. military conflicts since America's beginning.
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United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania
The United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania (in case citations, E.D. Pa.) is one of the original 13 federal judiciary districts created by the Judiciary Act of 1789.
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Upstate New York
Upstate New York is the portion of the American state of New York lying north of the New York metropolitan area.
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Viburnum prunifolium
Viburnum prunifolium (known as blackhaw or black haw, blackhaw viburnum, sweet haw, and stag bush) is a species of Viburnum native to eastern North America, from Connecticut west to eastern Kansas, and south to Alabama and Texas.
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Walking Purchase
The Walking Purchase (or Walking Treaty) was an alleged 1737 agreement between the Penn family, the proprietors of Pennsylvania, and the Lenape (also known as the Delaware Indians).
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Wampum
Wampum is a traditional shell bead of the Eastern Woodlands tribes of American Indians.
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Wappinger
The Wappinger were an Eastern Algonquian-speaking tribe from New York and Connecticut.
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Washita River
The Washita River is a river in the states of Texas and Oklahoma in the United States.
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Western theater of the American Revolutionary War
The Western theater of the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783) was the area of conflict west of the Appalachian Mountains, the region which became the Northwest Territory of the United States as well as the states of Kentucky, Tennessee, and Missouri.
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White Eyes
White Eyes, named Koquethagechton (c. 1730 – 5 November 1778), was a leader of the Lenape (Delaware) people in the Ohio Country during the era of the American Revolution.
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White River (Arkansas–Missouri)
The White River is a 722-mile (1,162-km) long river that flows through the U.S. states of Arkansas and Missouri.
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William Dean Howells
William Dean Howells (March 1, 1837 – May 11, 1920) was an American realist novelist, literary critic, and playwright, nicknamed "The Dean of American Letters".
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William Penn
William Penn (14 October 1644 – 30 July 1718) was the son of Sir William Penn, and was an English real estate entrepreneur, philosopher, early Quaker, and founder of the English North American colony the Province of Pennsylvania.
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Wilsons Creek (Missouri)
Wilsons Creek is a waterway near Springfield, Missouri, United States.
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Wisconsin
Wisconsin is a U.S. state located in the north-central United States, in the Midwest and Great Lakes regions.
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Wyandot people
The Wyandot people or Wendat, also called the Huron Nation and Huron people, in most historic references are believed to have been the most populous confederacy of Iroquoian cultured indigenous peoples of North America.
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Wyoming Valley
The Wyoming Valley is a historic industrialized region of Northeastern Pennsylvania once famous for fueling the industrial revolution in the United States with its many anthracite coal mines.
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Zwaanendael Colony
Zwaanendael or Swaanendael was a short lived Dutch colonial settlement in Delaware.
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16 (number)
16 (sixteen) is the natural number following 15 and preceding 17.
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Redirects here:
Canarsee, Carnarsee, Delaware (Lenape), Delaware (Native Americans), Delaware (people), Delaware (tribe), Delaware Indian, Delaware Indians, Delaware Natives, Delaware People, Delaware nation, Delaware people, Delaware tribe, Delawares, Deleware Tribe, Eastern Lenape Nation of Pennsylvania, Lenape (Delaware), Lenape Indians, Lenape Nation, Lenape people, Lenape-Delaware, Lenapes, Lenapé, Leni Lenape, Leni lenape, Lenni Lenape, Lenni-Lenape, Mericock, Munsee (Native Americans), Munsee Indians, Munsees, Rekowake, Rockaway Indians, Unami (Native Americans), Unami people, Wolf Tribe.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenape
