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187 relations: Acanthocephala, Acidobacteria, Acoelomorpha, Actinobacteria, Agaricomycotina, Alveolate, Amoebozoa, Annelid, Apusozoa, Aquificae, Archaea, Archaeplastida, Archamoebae, Arthropod, Ascomycota, Bacteria, Bacterial outer membrane, Bacteroidetes, Basidiomycota, Bikont, Bilateria, Blastocladiomycota, Blastula, Brachiopod, Bryozoa, Cell wall, Cenarchaeum symbiosum, Chaetognatha, Charales, Charophyta, Chlamydiae, Chlorodendrales, Chloroflexi (phylum), Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta, Choanozoa, Chordate, Chrysiogenaceae, Chytridiomycota, Cnidaria, Conosa, Crenarchaeota, Ctenophora, Cyanobacteria, Deferribacteraceae, Deinococcus–Thermus, Deuterostome, Dictyoglomus thermophilum, Dicyemida, Dikarya, ..., Earliest known life forms, Ecdysozoa, Echinoderm, Echiura, Embryogenesis, Entity, Entomophthoromycota, Entoprocta, Eukaryote, Eumetazoa, Euryarchaeota, Excavata, Extinction, Extraterrestrial life, Fibrobacteres, Firmicutes, Flatworm, Frateuria aurantia, Fungi imperfecti, Fungus, Fusobacteria, Gastrotrich, GC-content, Gemmatimonadetes, Glaucophyte, Glomeromycota, Gnathostomulid, Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, Green sulfur bacteria, Haloarchaea, Halobacteriales, Halophile, Hemichordate, Heterokont, Heterotroph, Hyolitha, Hypothetical types of biochemistry, Incertae sedis, Kickxellomycotina, Kingdom (biology), Kinorhyncha, Korarchaeota, Life, Limnognathia, Lobopodia, Lobosa, Lokiarchaeota, Lophotrochozoa, Loricifera, Mesomycetozoea, Mesostigma, Methanobacteria, Methanobacteriales, Methanocaldococcus jannaschii, Methanococcales, Methanococci, Methanogen, Methanomicrobia, Methanopyrales, Methanopyri, Methanosarcinales, Microsporidia, Mollusca, Motility, Mucoromycotina, Multicellular organism, Mycetozoa, Nanoarchaeota, Nanoarchaeum equitans, Nematode, Nematomorpha, Nemertea, Neocallimastigomycota, Nitrospirae, Onychophora, Opisthokont, Organism, Orthonectida, Outline (list), Outline of biology, Outline of life forms, Outline of zoology, Parazoa, Pezizomycotina, Phoronid, Phragmoplastophyta, Placozoa, Planctobacteria, Planctomycetes, Plant, Platyzoa, Prasinophyceae, Priapulida, Protamoebae, Proteobacteria, Protostome, Psychrophile, Pucciniomycotina, Radiata, Red algae, Rhizaria, Rotifer, Saccharomycotina, SAR supergroup, Sexual reproduction, Sipuncula, Sphingobacteria (phylum), Spirochaete, Sponge, Sulfolobales, Symbion, Synergistetes, Taphrinomycotina, Tardigrade, Tenericutes, Thaumarchaeota, The New York Times, Thermococcales, Thermococci, Thermodesulfobacteria, Thermophile, Thermoplasmata, Thermoplasmatales, Thermoprotei, Thermotogae, Trebouxiophyceae, Ulvophyceae, Unikont, Ustilaginomycotina, Verrucomicrobia, Vetulicolia, Viridiplantae, Wiki, Xenoturbella, Yale University Press, Zoopagomycotina. Expand index (137 more) »
Acanthocephala
Acanthocephala (Greek ἄκανθος, akanthos, thorn + κεφαλή, kephale, head) is a phylum of parasitic worms known as acanthocephalans, thorny-headed worms, or spiny-headed worms, characterized by the presence of an eversible proboscis, armed with spines, which it uses to pierce and hold the gut wall of its host.
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Acidobacteria
Acidobacteria is a phylum of bacteria.
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Acoelomorpha
Acoelomorpha is a subphylum of very simple and small soft-bodied animals with planula-like features which live in marine or brackish waters.
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Actinobacteria
The Actinobacteria are a phylum of Gram-positive bacteria.
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Agaricomycotina
The subdivision Agaricomycotina, also known as the hymenomycetes, is one of three taxa of the fungal division Basidiomycota (fungi bearing spores on basidia).
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Alveolate
The alveolates (meaning "with cavities") are a group of protists, considered a major clade and superphylum within Eukarya, and are also called Alveolata.
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Amoebozoa
Amoebozoa is a major taxonomic group containing about 2,400 described species of amoeboid protists, often possessing blunt, fingerlike, lobose pseudopods and tubular mitochondrial cristae.
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Annelid
The annelids (Annelida, from Latin anellus, "little ring"), also known as the ringed worms or segmented worms, are a large phylum, with over 22,000 extant species including ragworms, earthworms, and leeches.
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Apusozoa
The Apusozoa are an Obazoa phylum comprising several genera of flagellate eukaryotes.
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Aquificae
The Aquificae phylum is a diverse collection of bacteria that live in harsh environmental settings.
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Archaea
Archaea (or or) constitute a domain of single-celled microorganisms.
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Archaeplastida
The Archaeplastida (or kingdom Plantae sensu lato) are a major group of eukaryotes, comprising the red algae (Rhodophyta), the green algae, and the land plants, together with a small group of freshwater unicellular algae called glaucophytes.
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Archamoebae
The Archamoebae are a group of protists originally thought to have evolved before the acquisition of mitochondria by eukaryotes.
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Arthropod
An arthropod (from Greek ἄρθρον arthron, "joint" and πούς pous, "foot") is an invertebrate animal having an exoskeleton (external skeleton), a segmented body, and paired jointed appendages.
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Ascomycota
Ascomycota is a division or phylum of the kingdom Fungi that, together with the Basidiomycota, form the subkingdom Dikarya.
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Bacteria
Bacteria (common noun bacteria, singular bacterium) is a type of biological cell.
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Bacterial outer membrane
The bacterial outer membrane is found in gram-negative bacteria.
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Bacteroidetes
The phylum Bacteroidetes is composed of three large classes of Gram-negative, nonsporeforming, anaerobic or aerobic, and rod-shaped bacteria that are widely distributed in the environment, including in soil, sediments, and sea water, as well as in the guts and on the skin of animals.
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Basidiomycota
Basidiomycota is one of two large divisions that, together with the Ascomycota, constitute the subkingdom Dikarya (often referred to as the "higher fungi") within the kingdom Fungi.
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Bikont
A bikont ("two flagella") is any of the eukaryotic organisms classified in the group Bikonta.
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Bilateria
The Bilateria or bilaterians, or triploblasts, are animals with bilateral symmetry, i.e., they have a head (anterior) and a tail (posterior) as well as a back (dorsal) and a belly (ventral); therefore they also have a left side and a right side.
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Blastocladiomycota
Blastocladiomycota is one of the currently recognized phyla within the kingdom Fungi.
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Blastula
The blastula (from Greek βλαστός (blastos), meaning "sprout") is a hollow sphere of cells, referred to as blastomeres, surrounding an inner fluid-filled cavity called the blastocoele formed during an early stage of embryonic development in animals.
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Brachiopod
Brachiopods, phylum Brachiopoda, are a group of lophotrochozoan animals that have hard "valves" (shells) on the upper and lower surfaces, unlike the left and right arrangement in bivalve molluscs.
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Bryozoa
Bryozoa (also known as the Polyzoa, Ectoprocta or commonly as moss animals) are a phylum of aquatic invertebrate animals.
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Cell wall
A cell wall is a structural layer surrounding some types of cells, just outside the cell membrane.
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Cenarchaeum symbiosum
Cenarchaeum symbiosum is a species of Archaea in the genus Cenarchaeum, and is one of the three species contained by the newly proposed phylum Thaumarchaeota in the domain Archaea.
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Chaetognatha
Chaetognatha, meaning bristle-jaws, and commonly known as arrow worms, is a phylum of predatory marine worms which are a major component of plankton worldwide.
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Charales
Charales is an order of freshwater green algae in the division Charophyta, class Charophyceae, commonly known as stoneworts.
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Charophyta
Charophyta is a division of freshwater green algae.
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Chlamydiae
The Chlamydiae are bacterial phylum and class whose members are a group of obligate intracellular bacteria, whose members are remarkably diverse, ranging from pathogens of humans and animals to symbionts of ubiquitous protozoa.
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Chlorodendrales
Chlorodendrales are an order of green, flagellated, thecate, unicellular eukaryotes, within the green algae class Chlorodendrophyceae.
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Chloroflexi (phylum)
The Chloroflexi or Chlorobacteria are a phylum of bacteria containing isolates with a diversity of phenotypes including members that are aerobic thermophiles, which use oxygen and grow well in high temperatures, anoxygenic phototrophs, which use light for photosynthesis (green non-sulfur bacteria), and anaerobic halorespirers, which uses halogenated organics (such as the toxic chlorinated ethenes and polychlorinated biphenyls) as electron acceptors.
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Chlorophyceae
The Chlorophyceae are one of the classes of green algae, distinguished mainly on the basis of ultrastructural morphology.
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Chlorophyta
Chlorophyta is a division of green algae, informally called chlorophytes.
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Choanozoa
Choanozoa (Greek: χόανος (choanos) "funnel" and ζῶον (zōon) "animal") is the name of a phylum of eukaryotes that belongs to the line of opisthokonts.
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Chordate
A chordate is an animal belonging to the phylum Chordata; chordates possess a notochord, a hollow dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, an endostyle, and a post-anal tail, for at least some period of their life cycle.
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Chrysiogenaceae
Chrysiogenaceae is a bacterial family.
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Chytridiomycota
Chytridiomycota is a division of zoosporic organisms in the kingdom Fungi, informally known as chytrids.
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Cnidaria
Cnidaria is a phylum containing over 10,000 species of animals found exclusively in aquatic (freshwater and marine) environments: they are predominantly marine species.
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Conosa
Conosa is a grouping of Amoebozoa.
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Crenarchaeota
The Crenarchaeota (Greek for "spring old quality" as specimens were originally isolated from geothermally heated sulfuric springs in Italy) (also known as Crenarchaea or eocytes) are archaea that have been classified as a phylum of the Archaea domain.
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Ctenophora
Ctenophora (singular ctenophore, or; from the Greek κτείς kteis 'comb' and φέρω pherō 'to carry'; commonly known as comb jellies) is a phylum of invertebrate animals that live in marine waters worldwide.
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Cyanobacteria
Cyanobacteria, also known as Cyanophyta, are a phylum of bacteria that obtain their energy through photosynthesis, and are the only photosynthetic prokaryotes able to produce oxygen.
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Deferribacteraceae
The Deferribacteraceae are a family of gram-negative bacteria which make energy by anaerobic respiration.
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Deinococcus–Thermus
Deinococcus–Thermus is a phylum of bacteria that are highly resistant to environmental hazards, also known as extremophiles.
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Deuterostome
Deuterostomes (taxonomic term: Deuterostomia; meaning "second mouth" in Greek) are any members of a superphylum of animals.
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Dictyoglomus thermophilum
Dictyoglomus is a genus of bacterium, given its own phylum, called the Dictyoglomi.
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Dicyemida
Dicyemida, also known as Rhombozoa, is a phylum of tiny parasites that live in the renal appendages of cephalopods.
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Dikarya
Dikarya is a subkingdom of Fungi that includes the divisions Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, both of which in general produce dikaryons, may be filamentous or unicellular, but are always without flagella.
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Earliest known life forms
The earliest known life forms on Earth are putative fossilized microorganisms found in hydrothermal vent precipitates.
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Ecdysozoa
Ecdysozoa is a group of protostome animals, including Arthropoda (insects, chelicerata, crustaceans, and myriapods), Nematoda, and several smaller phyla.
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Echinoderm
Echinoderm is the common name given to any member of the phylum Echinodermata (from Ancient Greek, ἐχῖνος, echinos – "hedgehog" and δέρμα, derma – "skin") of marine animals.
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Echiura
The Echiura, or spoon worms, are a small group of marine animals.
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Embryogenesis
Embryogenesis is the process by which the embryo forms and develops.
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Entity
An entity is something that exists as itself, as a subject or as an object, actually or potentially, concretely or abstractly, physically or not.
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Entomophthoromycota
Entomophthoromycota is a fungus division.
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Entoprocta
Entoprocta, whose name means "anus inside", is a phylum of mostly sessile aquatic animals, ranging from long.
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Eukaryote
Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes, unlike Prokaryotes (Bacteria and other Archaea).
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Eumetazoa
Eumetazoa (Greek: εὖ, well + μετά, after + ζῷον, animal) or '''Diploblasts''', or Epitheliozoa, or Histozoa are a proposed basal animal clade as sister group of the Porifera.
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Euryarchaeota
Euryarchaeota (Greek for "broad old quality") is a phylum of archaea.
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Excavata
Excavata is a major supergroup of unicellular organisms belonging to the domain Eukaryota.
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Extinction
In biology, extinction is the termination of an organism or of a group of organisms (taxon), normally a species.
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Extraterrestrial life
Extraterrestrial life,Where "extraterrestrial" is derived from the Latin extra ("beyond", "not of") and terrestris ("of Earth", "belonging to Earth").
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Fibrobacteres
Fibrobacteres is a small bacterial phylum which includes many of the major rumen bacteria, allowing for the degradation of plant-based cellulose in ruminant animals.
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Firmicutes
The Firmicutes (Latin: firmus, strong, and cutis, skin, referring to the cell wall) are a phylum of bacteria, most of which have Gram-positive cell wall structure.
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Flatworm
The flatworms, flat worms, Platyhelminthes, Plathelminthes, or platyhelminths (from the Greek πλατύ, platy, meaning "flat" and ἕλμινς (root: ἑλμινθ-), helminth-, meaning "worm") are a phylum of relatively simple bilaterian, unsegmented, soft-bodied invertebrates.
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Frateuria aurantia
Frateuria aurantia is a species of Proteobacteria.
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Fungi imperfecti
The fungi imperfecti or imperfect fungi, also known as Deuteromycota, are fungi which do not fit into the commonly established taxonomic classifications of fungi that are based on biological species concepts or morphological characteristics of sexual structures because their sexual form of reproduction has never been observed.
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Fungus
A fungus (plural: fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.
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Fusobacteria
Fusobacteria are obligately anaerobic non-sporeforming Gram-negative bacilli.
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Gastrotrich
The gastrotrichs (phylum Gastrotricha), commonly referred to as hairybacks, are a group of microscopic (0.06-3.0 mm), worm-like, pseudocoelomate animals, and are widely distributed and abundant in freshwater and marine environments.
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GC-content
In molecular biology and genetics, GC-content (or guanine-cytosine content) is the percentage of nitrogenous bases on a DNA or RNA molecule that are either guanine or cytosine (from a possibility of four different ones, also including adenine and thymine in DNA and adenine and uracil in RNA).
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Gemmatimonadetes
The Gemmatimonadetes are a phylum of bacteria created for the type species Gemmatimonas aurantiaca.
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Glaucophyte
The glaucophytes, also known as glaucocystophytes or glaucocystids, are a small group of rare freshwater microscopic algae.
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Glomeromycota
Glomeromycota (informally glomeromycetes) is one of eight currently recognized divisions within the kingdom Fungi, with approximately 230 described species.
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Gnathostomulid
Gnathostomulids, or jaw worms, are a small phylum of nearly microscopic marine animals.
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Gram-negative bacteria
Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the gram-staining method of bacterial differentiation.
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Gram-positive bacteria
Gram-positive bacteria are bacteria that give a positive result in the Gram stain test, which is traditionally used to quickly classify bacteria into two broad categories according to their cell wall.
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Green sulfur bacteria
The green sulfur bacteria (Chlorobiaceae) are a family of obligately anaerobic photoautotrophic bacteria.
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Haloarchaea
Haloarchaea (halophilic archaea, halophilic archaebacteria, halobacteria) are a class of the Euryarchaeota, found in water saturated or nearly saturated with salt.
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Halobacteriales
In taxonomy, the Halobacteriales are an order of the Halobacteria, found in water saturated or nearly saturated with salt.
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Halophile
Halophiles are organisms that thrive in high salt concentrations.
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Hemichordate
Hemichordata is a phylum of marine deuterostome animals, generally considered the sister group of the echinoderms.
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Heterokont
The heterokonts or stramenopiles (formally, Heterokonta or Stramenopiles) are a major line of eukaryotes currently containing more than 25,000 known species.
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Heterotroph
A heterotroph (Ancient Greek ἕτερος héteros.
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Hyolitha
Hyoliths are animals with small conical shells, known as fossils from the Palaeozoic Era.
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Hypothetical types of biochemistry
Hypothetical types of biochemistry are forms of biochemistry speculated to be scientifically viable but not proven to exist at this time.
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Incertae sedis
Incertae sedis (Latin for "of uncertain placement") is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined.
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Kickxellomycotina
Kickxellomycotina is a fungus grouping.
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Kingdom (biology)
In biology, kingdom (Latin: regnum, plural regna) is the second highest taxonomic rank, just below domain.
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Kinorhyncha
Kinorhyncha (I move, ῥύγχος "snout") is a phylum of small (1 mm or less) marine invertebrates that are widespread in mud or sand at all depths as part of the meiobenthos.
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Korarchaeota
In taxonomy, the Korarchaeota are a phylum of the Archaea.
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Life
Life is a characteristic that distinguishes physical entities that do have biological processes, such as signaling and self-sustaining processes, from those that do not, either because such functions have ceased, or because they never had such functions and are classified as inanimate.
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Limnognathia
Limnognathia maerski is a microscopic platyzoan animal, discovered living in homothermic springs on Disko Island, Greenland in 1994, that has variously been assigned as a class or subphylum in the phylum Gnathifera or as a phylum in a Gnathifera superphylum, named Micrognathozoa.
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Lobopodia
The lobopodians, members of the informal group Lobopodia Snodgrass 1938 (from the Greek, meaning "blunt feet") are worm-like taxa with stubby legs.
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Lobosa
Lobosa is a taxonomic group of amoebae possessing broad, bluntly rounded pseudopods.
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Lokiarchaeota
Lokiarchaeota is a proposed phylum of the Archaea.
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Lophotrochozoa
Lophotrochozoa ("crest/wheel animals") is a clade of protostome animals within the Spiralia.
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Loricifera
Loricifera (from Latin, lorica, corselet (armour) + ferre, to bear) is a phylum of very small to microscopic marine cycloneuralian sediment-dwelling animals with 37 described species, in nine genera.
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Mesomycetozoea
The Mesomycetozoea (or DRIP clade, or Ichthyosporea) are a small group of Opisthokonta in Eukarya (formerly protists), mostly parasites of fish and other animals.
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Mesostigma
Mesostigma viride is a species of freshwater green algae.
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Methanobacteria
In taxonomy, the Methanobacteria are a class of the Euryarchaeota.
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Methanobacteriales
In taxonomy, the Methanobacteriales are an order of the Methanobacteria.
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Methanocaldococcus jannaschii
Methanocaldococcus jannaschii (formerly Methanococcus jannaschii) is a thermophilic methanogenic archaean in the class Methanococci.
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Methanococcales
In taxonomy, the Methanococcales are an order of the Methanococci.
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Methanococci
Methanococci is a class of methanogenic archaea in the phylum Euryarchaeota.
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Methanogen
Methanogens are microorganisms that produce methane as a metabolic byproduct in anoxic conditions.
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Methanomicrobia
In the taxonomy of microorganisms, the Methanomicrobia are a class of the Euryarchaeota.
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Methanopyrales
In taxonomy, the Methanopyrales are an order of microbes within the class methanopyri.
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Methanopyri
In taxonomy, the Methanopyri are a class of the Euryarchaeota.
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Methanosarcinales
In taxonomy, the Methanosarcinales are an order of the Methanomicrobia.
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Microsporidia
Microsporidia are a group of spore-forming unicellular parasites.
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Mollusca
Mollusca is a large phylum of invertebrate animals whose members are known as molluscs or mollusksThe formerly dominant spelling mollusk is still used in the U.S. — see the reasons given in Gary Rosenberg's.
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Motility
Motility is the ability of an organism to move independently, using metabolic energy.
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Mucoromycotina
Mucoromycotina is a subdivision of Fungi of uncertain phylogenetic placement.
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Multicellular organism
Multicellular organisms are organisms that consist of more than one cell, in contrast to unicellular organisms.
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Mycetozoa
Mycetozoa is a grouping of slime molds.
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Nanoarchaeota
Nanoarchaeota (Greek, "dwarf or tiny ancient one") are a phylum of the Archaea.
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Nanoarchaeum equitans
Nanoarchaeum equitans is a species of marine Archaea that was discovered in 2002 in a hydrothermal vent off the coast of Iceland on the Kolbeinsey Ridge by Karl Stetter.
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Nematode
The nematodes or roundworms constitute the phylum Nematoda (also called Nemathelminthes).
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Nematomorpha
Nematomorpha (sometimes called Gordiacea, and commonly known as horsehair worms or Gordian worms) are a phylum of parasitoid animals superficially similar to nematode worms in morphology, hence the name.
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Nemertea
Nemertea is a phylum of invertebrate animals also known as "ribbon worms" or "proboscis worms".
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Neocallimastigomycota
Neocallimastigomycota is a phylum containing anaerobic fungi, which are symbionts found in the digestive tracts of larger herbivores.
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Nitrospirae
Nitrospirae is a phylum of bacteria.
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Onychophora
Onychophora (from Ancient Greek, onyches, "claws"; and pherein, "to carry"), commonly known as velvet worms (due to their velvety texture and somewhat wormlike appearance) or more ambiguously as peripatus (after the first described genus, Peripatus), is a phylum of elongate, soft-bodied, many-legged panarthropods.
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Opisthokont
The opisthokonts (Greek: ὀπίσθιος (opísthios).
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Organism
In biology, an organism (from Greek: ὀργανισμός, organismos) is any individual entity that exhibits the properties of life.
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Orthonectida
Orthonectida is a small phylum of poorly known parasites of marine invertebrates that are among the simplest of multi-cellular organisms.
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Outline (list)
An outline, also called a hierarchical outline, is a list arranged to show hierarchical relationships and is a type of tree structure.
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Outline of biology
Biology – The natural science that involves the study of life and living organisms, including their structure, function, growth, origin, evolution, distribution, and taxonomy.
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Outline of life forms
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to life forms: Life form (also, lifeform) – entity that is living, such as plants (flora) and animals (fauna).
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Outline of zoology
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to zoology: Zoology – study of animals.
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Parazoa
The Parazoa, are a proposed clade of animals.
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Pezizomycotina
Pezizomycotina make up majority of the Ascomycota fungi and includes most lichenized fungi too.
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Phoronid
Phoronids (scientific name Phoronida, sometimes called horseshoe worms) are a small phylum of marine animals that filter-feed with a lophophore (a "crown" of tentacles), and build upright tubes of chitin to support and protect their soft bodies.
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Phragmoplastophyta
The Phragmoplastophyta (Lecointre & Guyander 2006) or Streptophytina (Lewis & McCourt 2004, incl. Coleochaetophyceae, Zygnematophyceae and Mesotaeniaceae) are a proposed sister clade of the Klebsormidiaceae, with which they form the Streptophyte/Charophyte clade.
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Placozoa
The Placozoa are a basal form of free-living (non-parasitic) multicellular organism.
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Planctobacteria
Planctobacteria is a taxon created by Cavalier-Smith, specifically a division (phylum).
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Planctomycetes
Planctomycetes are a phylum of aquatic bacteria and are found in samples of brackish, and marine and fresh water.
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Plant
Plants are mainly multicellular, predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae.
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Platyzoa
The paraphyletic "Platyzoa" are a group of protostome unsegmented animals proposed by Thomas Cavalier-Smith in 1998.
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Prasinophyceae
The Prasinophytes are a paraphyletic class of unicellular green algae.
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Priapulida
Priapulida (priapulid worms, from Gr. πριάπος, priāpos 'Priapus' + Lat. -ul-, diminutive), sometimes referred to as penis worms, is a phylum of unsegmented marine worms.
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Protamoebae
Protamoebae is a grouping of Amoebozoa.
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Proteobacteria
Proteobacteria is a major phylum of gram-negative bacteria. They include a wide variety of pathogens, such as Escherichia, Salmonella, Vibrio, Helicobacter, Yersinia, Legionellales, and many other notable genera. Others are free-living (non-parasitic), and include many of the bacteria responsible for nitrogen fixation. Carl Woese established this grouping in 1987, calling it informally the "purple bacteria and their relatives". Because of the great diversity of forms found in this group, it was named after Proteus, a Greek god of the sea capable of assuming many different shapes and is not named after the genus Proteus. Some Alphaproteobacteria can grow at very low levels of nutrients and have unusual morphology such as stalks and buds. Others include agriculturally important bacteria capable of inducing nitrogen fixation in symbiosis with plants. The type order is the Caulobacterales, comprising stalk-forming bacteria such as Caulobacter. The Betaproteobacteria are highly metabolically diverse and contain chemolithoautotrophs, photoautotrophs, and generalist heterotrophs. The type order is the Burkholderiales, comprising an enormous range of metabolic diversity, including opportunistic pathogens. The Hydrogenophilalia are obligate thermophiles and include heterotrophs and autotrophs. The type order is the Hydrogenophilales. The Gammaproteobacteria are the largest class in terms of species with validly published names. The type order is the Pseudomonadales, which include the genera Pseudomonas and the nitrogen-fixing Azotobacter. The Acidithiobacillia contain only sulfur, iron and uranium-oxidising autotrophs. The type order is the Acidithiobacillales, which includes economically important organisms used in the mining industry such as Acidithiobacillus spp. The Deltaproteobacteria include bacteria that are predators on other bacteria and are important contributors to the anaerobic side of the sulfur cycle. The type order is the Myxococcales, which includes organisms with self-organising abilities such as Myxococcus spp. The Epsilonproteobacteria are often slender, Gram-negative rods that are helical or curved. The type order is the Campylobacterales, which includes important food pathogens such as Campylobacter spp. The Oligoflexia are filamentous aerobes. The type order is the Oligoflexales, which contains the genus Oligoflexus.
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Protostome
Protostomia (from Greek πρωτο- proto- "first" and στόμα stoma "mouth") is a clade of animals.
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Psychrophile
Psychrophiles or cryophiles (adj. psychrophilic or cryophilic) are extremophilic organisms that are capable of growth and reproduction in low temperatures, ranging from −20 °C to +10 °C.
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Pucciniomycotina
Pucciniomycotina is a subdivision of fungus within the division Basidiomycota.
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Radiata
Radiata or Radiates is a historical taxonomic rank that was used to classify animals with radially symmetric body plans, and is no longer accepted.
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Red algae
The red algae, or Rhodophyta, are one of the oldest groups of eukaryotic algae.
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Rhizaria
The Rhizaria are a species-rich supergroup of mostly unicellular eukaryotes.
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Rotifer
The rotifers (Rotifera, commonly called wheel animals) make up a phylum of microscopic and near-microscopic pseudocoelomate animals.
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Saccharomycotina
Saccharomycotina is a subdivision (subphylum) of the division (phylum) Ascomycota in the Kingdom Fungi.
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SAR supergroup
Sar or Harosa (informally the SAR supergroup) is a clade that includes stramenopiles (heterokonts), alveolates, and Rhizaria.
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Sexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction is a form of reproduction where two morphologically distinct types of specialized reproductive cells called gametes fuse together, involving a female's large ovum (or egg) and a male's smaller sperm.
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Sipuncula
The Sipuncula or Sipunculida (common names sipunculid worms or peanut worms) is a group containing 144–320 species (estimates vary) of bilaterally symmetrical, unsegmented marine worms.
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Sphingobacteria (phylum)
Sphingobacteria is a division (phylum), created by Cavalier-Smith, which contains the classes Chlorobea, Fibrobacteres, Bacteroidetes and Flavobacteria.
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Spirochaete
A spirochaete or spirochete is a member of the phylum Spirochaetes, which contains distinctive diderm (double-membrane) bacteria, most of which have long, helically coiled (corkscrew-shaped or spiraled, hence the name) cells.
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Sponge
Sponges, the members of the phylum Porifera (meaning "pore bearer"), are a basal Metazoa clade as sister of the Diploblasts.
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Sulfolobales
In taxonomy, the Sulfolobales are an order of the Thermoprotei.
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Symbion
Symbion is the name of a genus of aquatic animals, less than 0.5 mm wide, found living attached to the bodies of cold-water lobsters.
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Synergistetes
The Synergistetes is a recently recognized phylum of anaerobic bacteria that show Gram-negative staining and have rod/vibrioid cell shape.
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Taphrinomycotina
The Taphrinomycotina are one of three subdivisions constituting the Ascomycota (fungi that form their spores in a sac-like ascus) and is more or less synonymous with the slightly older invalid name Archiascomycetes (sometimes spelled Archaeascomycetes; archea.
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Tardigrade
Tardigrades (also known colloquially as water bears, or moss piglets) are water-dwelling, eight-legged, segmented micro-animals.
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Tenericutes
Tenericutes (tener cutis: soft skin) is a phylum of bacteria that contains the class Mollicutes.
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Thaumarchaeota
The Thaumarchaeota or Thaumarchaea (from the miracle) are a phylum of the Archaea proposed in 2008 after the genome of Cenarchaeum symbiosum was sequenced and found to differ significantly from other members of the hyperthermophilic phylum Crenarchaeota.
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The New York Times
The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.
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Thermococcales
In taxonomy, the Thermococcales are an order of microbes within Thermococci.
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Thermococci
In taxonomy, the Thermococci are a class of microbes within Euryarchaeota.
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Thermodesulfobacteria
The Thermodesulfobacteria are a phylum of thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria.
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Thermophile
A thermophile is an organism—a type of extremophile—that thrives at relatively high temperatures, between.
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Thermoplasmata
In taxonomy, the Thermoplasmata are a class of the Euryarchaeota.
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Thermoplasmatales
In taxonomy, the Thermoplasmatales are an order of the Thermoplasmata.
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Thermoprotei
The Thermoprotei is a class of the Crenarchaeota.
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Thermotogae
The Thermotogae are a phylum of the domain Bacteria.
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Trebouxiophyceae
The Trebouxiophyceae are a class of green algae, in the division Chlorophyta.
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Ulvophyceae
The Ulvophyceae or ulvophytes are a class of green algae, distinguished mainly on the basis of ultrastructural morphology, life cycle and molecular phylogenetic data.
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Unikont
Unikonts or Amorphea are members of a taxonomic supergroup that includes the basal Amoebozoa and Obazoa.
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Ustilaginomycotina
The Ustilaginomycotina is a subdivision within the division Basidiomycota of the kingdom Fungi.
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Verrucomicrobia
Verrucomicrobia is a phylum of bacteria.
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Vetulicolia
VetulicoliaThe taxon name, Vetulocolia, is derived from the type genus, Vetulicola, which is a compound Latin word composed of vetuli "old" and cola "inhabitant".
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Viridiplantae
Viridiplantae (literally "green plants") are a clade of eukaryotic organisms made up of the green algae, which are primarily aquatic, and the land plants (embryophytes), which emerged within them.
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Wiki
A wiki is a website on which users collaboratively modify content and structure directly from the web browser.
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Xenoturbella
Xenoturbella is a genus of very simple bilaterians up to a few centimeters long.
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Yale University Press
Yale University Press is a university press associated with Yale University.
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Zoopagomycotina
The Zoopagomycotina are a subdivision (incertae sedis) of the fungal division Zygomycota sensu lato.
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Life form, Life forms, Life-form, Lifeform, Lifeforms, List of life forms, Living Beings, Living being, Living beings.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_life_forms
