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104 relations: Absorbance, Active pixel sensor, Ampere, Anode, Astronomy, Avalanche breakdown, Avalanche photodiode, Band gap, Biasing, Bipolar junction transistor, Bit error rate, Calibration, Camera, Capacitance, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), Cathode, Charge-coupled device, Compact disc, Consumer electronics, Coupling (electronics), CT scan, Dark current (physics), Depletion region, Diode, Electric current, Electromagnetic spectrum, Electron, Electron hole, Electronics, Elementary charge, Energy harvesting, Galvanic isolation, Germanium, Hertz, Illuminance, Image sensor, Immunoassay, Impulse response, Indium gallium arsenide, Infrared, Integral, Interconnect bottleneck, Irradiance, John N. Shive, Johnson–Nyquist noise, Laser rangefinder, Lead(II) sulfide, LED circuit, Light, Light meter, ..., Light-emitting diode, List of semiconductor materials, Mercury cadmium telluride, Night vision device, Noise (electronics), Noise-equivalent power, Optical communication, Optical fiber, Optical fiber cable, Optical filter, Optical interconnect, Opto-isolator, Optoelectronics, Parallel optical interface, Passivity (engineering), P–n junction, Photoconductivity, Photocurrent, Photodetector, Photoelectric effect, Photomultiplier, Photon, Photovoltaic effect, PIN diode, Position sensor, Pulse oximetry, Quantum efficiency, Radiation hardening, RC time constant, Remote control, Response time (technology), Responsivity, Scintillator, Semiconductor, Semiconductor device, Sensitivity (electronics), Sensor, Shockley–Ramo theorem, Silicon, Slotted optical switch, Smoke detector, Solar cell, Solar power, Solaristor, Specific detectivity, Spectroscopy, Television set, Thunderbolt (interface), Transducer, Transimpedance amplifier, Ultraviolet, Watt, Wavelength, X-ray. Expand index (54 more) »
Absorbance
In chemistry, absorbance or decadic absorbance is the common logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmitted radiant power through a material, and spectral absorbance or spectral decadic absorbance is the common logarithm of the ratio of incident to transmitted spectral radiant power through a material.
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Active pixel sensor
An active-pixel sensor (APS) is an image sensor where each picture element ("pixel") has a photodetector and an active amplifier.
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Ampere
The ampere (symbol: A), often shortened to "amp",SI supports only the use of symbols and deprecates the use of abbreviations for units.
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Anode
An anode is an electrode through which the conventional current enters into a polarized electrical device.
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Astronomy
Astronomy (from ἀστρονομία) is a natural science that studies celestial objects and phenomena.
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Avalanche breakdown
Avalanche breakdown is a phenomenon that can occur in both insulating and semiconducting materials.
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Avalanche photodiode
An avalanche photodiode (APD) is a highly sensitive semiconductor electronic device that exploits the photoelectric effect to convert light to electricity.
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Band gap
In solid-state physics, a band gap, also called an energy gap or bandgap, is an energy range in a solid where no electron states can exist.
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Biasing
Biasing in electronics means establishing predetermined voltages or currents at various points of an electronic circuit for the purpose of establishing proper operating conditions in electronic components.
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Bipolar junction transistor
|- align.
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Bit error rate
In digital transmission, the number of bit errors is the number of received bits of a data stream over a communication channel that have been altered due to noise, interference, distortion or bit synchronization errors.
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Calibration
Calibration in measurement technology and metrology is the comparison of measurement values delivered by a device under test with those of a calibration standard of known accuracy.
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Camera
A camera is an optical instrument for recording or capturing images, which may be stored locally, transmitted to another location, or both.
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Capacitance
Capacitance is the ratio of the change in an electric charge in a system to the corresponding change in its electric potential.
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Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)
The Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2) is a foundation located on the campus of the Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB) whose mission is to promote interdisciplinary research in nanoscience and nanotechnology.
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Cathode
A cathode is the electrode from which a conventional current leaves a polarized electrical device.
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Charge-coupled device
A charge-coupled device (CCD) is a device for the movement of electrical charge, usually from within the device to an area where the charge can be manipulated, for example conversion into a digital value.
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Compact disc
Compact disc (CD) is a digital optical disc data storage format that was co-developed by Philips and Sony and released in 1982.
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Consumer electronics
Consumer electronics or home electronics are electronic (analog or digital) equipments intended for everyday use, typically in private homes.
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Coupling (electronics)
In electronics and telecommunication, coupling is the desirable or undesirable transfer of energy from one medium, such as a metallic wire or an optical fiber, to another medium.
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CT scan
A CT scan, also known as computed tomography scan, makes use of computer-processed combinations of many X-ray measurements taken from different angles to produce cross-sectional (tomographic) images (virtual "slices") of specific areas of a scanned object, allowing the user to see inside the object without cutting.
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Dark current (physics)
In physics and in electronic engineering, dark current is the relatively small electric current that flows through photosensitive devices such as a photomultiplier tube, photodiode, or charge-coupled device even when no photons are entering the device; it consists of the charges generated in the detector when no outside radiation is entering the detector.
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Depletion region
In semiconductor physics, the depletion region, also called depletion layer, depletion zone, junction region, space charge region or space charge layer, is an insulating region within a conductive, doped semiconductor material where the mobile charge carriers have been diffused away, or have been forced away by an electric field.
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Diode
A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts current primarily in one direction (asymmetric conductance); it has low (ideally zero) resistance in one direction, and high (ideally infinite) resistance in the other.
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Electric current
An electric current is a flow of electric charge.
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Electromagnetic spectrum
The electromagnetic spectrum is the range of frequencies (the spectrum) of electromagnetic radiation and their respective wavelengths and photon energies.
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Electron
The electron is a subatomic particle, symbol or, whose electric charge is negative one elementary charge.
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Electron hole
In physics, chemistry, and electronic engineering, an electron hole (often simply called a hole) is the lack of an electron at a position where one could exist in an atom or atomic lattice.
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Electronics
Electronics is the discipline dealing with the development and application of devices and systems involving the flow of electrons in a vacuum, in gaseous media, and in semiconductors.
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Elementary charge
The elementary charge, usually denoted as or sometimes, is the electric charge carried by a single proton, or equivalently, the magnitude of the electric charge carried by a single electron, which has charge.
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Energy harvesting
Energy harvesting (also known as power harvesting or energy scavenging or ambient power) is the process by which energy is derived from external sources (e.g., solar power, thermal energy, wind energy, salinity gradients, and kinetic energy, also known as ambient energy), captured, and stored for small, wireless autonomous devices, like those used in wearable electronics and wireless sensor networks.
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Galvanic isolation
Galvanic isolation is a principle of isolating functional sections of electrical systems to prevent current flow; no direct conduction path is permitted.
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Germanium
Germanium is a chemical element with symbol Ge and atomic number 32.
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Hertz
The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the derived unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI) and is defined as one cycle per second.
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Illuminance
In photometry, illuminance is the total luminous flux incident on a surface, per unit area.
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Image sensor
An image sensor or imaging sensor is a sensor that detects and conveys the information that constitutes an image.
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Immunoassay
An immunoassay is a biochemical test that measures the presence or concentration of a macromolecule or a small molecule in a solution through the use of an antibody (usually) or an antigen (sometimes).
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Impulse response
In signal processing, the impulse response, or impulse response function (IRF), of a dynamic system is its output when presented with a brief input signal, called an impulse.
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Indium gallium arsenide
Indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) (alternatively gallium indium arsenide, GaInAs) is a ternary alloy (chemical compound) of indium arsenide (InAs) and gallium arsenide (GaAs).
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Infrared
Infrared radiation (IR) is electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with longer wavelengths than those of visible light, and is therefore generally invisible to the human eye (although IR at wavelengths up to 1050 nm from specially pulsed lasers can be seen by humans under certain conditions). It is sometimes called infrared light.
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Integral
In mathematics, an integral assigns numbers to functions in a way that can describe displacement, area, volume, and other concepts that arise by combining infinitesimal data.
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Interconnect bottleneck
The interconnect bottleneck refers to limits on integrated circuit (IC) performance due to connections between components instead of their internal speed.
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Irradiance
In radiometry, irradiance is the radiant flux (power) received by a surface per unit area.
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John N. Shive
John Northrup Shive (February 22, 1913 – June 1, 1984) was an American physicist and inventor.
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Johnson–Nyquist noise
Johnson–Nyquist noise (thermal noise, Johnson noise, or Nyquist noise) is the electronic noise generated by the thermal agitation of the charge carriers (usually the electrons) inside an electrical conductor at equilibrium, which happens regardless of any applied voltage.
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Laser rangefinder
A laser rangefinder is a rangefinder that uses a laser beam to determine the distance to an object.
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Lead(II) sulfide
Lead(II) sulfide (also spelled sulphide) is an inorganic compound with the formula PbS.
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LED circuit
In electronics, an LED circuit or LED driver is an electrical circuit used to power a light-emitting diode (LED).
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Light
Light is electromagnetic radiation within a certain portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
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Light meter
A light meter is a device used to measure the amount of light.
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Light-emitting diode
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source.
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List of semiconductor materials
Semiconductor materials are nominally small band gap insulators.
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Mercury cadmium telluride
HgCdTe or mercury cadmium telluride (also cadmium mercury telluride, MCT, MerCad Telluride, MerCadTel, MerCaT or CMT) is an alloy of cadmium telluride (CdTe) and mercury telluride (HgTe) with a tunable bandgap spanning the shortwave infrared to the very long wave infrared regions.
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Night vision device
A night vision device (NVD), also known as night optical/observation device (NOD) and night vision goggles (NVG), is an optoelectronic device that allows images to be produced in levels of light approaching total darkness.
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Noise (electronics)
In electronics, noise is an unwanted disturbance in an electrical signal.
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Noise-equivalent power
Noise-equivalent power (NEP) is a measure of the sensitivity of a photodetector or detector system.
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Optical communication
Optical communication, also known as optical telecommunication, is communication at a distance using light to carry information.
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Optical fiber
An optical fiber or optical fibre is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass (silica) or plastic to a diameter slightly thicker than that of a human hair.
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Optical fiber cable
An optical fiber cable, also known as a fiber optic cable, is an assembly similar to an electrical cable, but containing one or more optical fibers that are used to carry light.
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Optical filter
An optical filter is a device that selectively transmits light of different wavelengths, usually implemented as a glass plane or plastic device in the optical path, which are either dyed in the bulk or have interference coatings.
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Optical interconnect
Optical interconnect is a means of communication by optical fiber cables.
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Opto-isolator
In electronics, an opto-isolator, also called an optocoupler, photocoupler, or optical isolator, is a component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits by using light.
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Optoelectronics
Optoelectronics is the study and application of electronic devices and systems that source, detect and control light, usually considered a sub-field of photonics.
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Parallel optical interface
A parallel optical interface is a form of fiber optic technology aimed primarily at communications and networking over relatively short distances (less than 300 meters), and at high bandwidths.
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Passivity (engineering)
Passivity is a property of engineering systems, used in a variety of engineering disciplines, but most commonly found in analog electronics and control systems.
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P–n junction
A p–n junction is a boundary or interface between two types of semiconductor materials, p-type and n-type, inside a single crystal of semiconductor.
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Photoconductivity
Photoconductivity is an optical and electrical phenomenon in which a material becomes more electrically conductive due to the absorption of electromagnetic radiation such as visible light, ultraviolet light, infrared light, or gamma radiation.
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Photocurrent
Photocurrent is the electric current through a photosensitive device, such as a photodiode, as the result of exposure to radiant power.
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Photodetector
Photosensors or photodetectors are sensors of light or other electromagnetic energy.
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Photoelectric effect
The photoelectric effect is the emission of electrons or other free carriers when light shines on a material.
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Photomultiplier
Photomultiplier tubes (photomultipliers or PMTs for short), members of the class of vacuum tubes, and more specifically vacuum phototubes, are extremely sensitive detectors of light in the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum.
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Photon
The photon is a type of elementary particle, the quantum of the electromagnetic field including electromagnetic radiation such as light, and the force carrier for the electromagnetic force (even when static via virtual particles).
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Photovoltaic effect
The photovoltaic effect is the creation of voltage and electric current in a material upon exposure to light and is a physical and chemical property/phenomenon.
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PIN diode
A PIN diode is a diode with a wide, undoped intrinsic semiconductor region between a p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor region.
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Position sensor
A position sensor is any device that permits position measurement.
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Pulse oximetry
Pulse oximetry is a noninvasive method for monitoring a person's oxygen saturation (SO2).
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Quantum efficiency
The term quantum efficiency (QE) may apply to incident photon to converted electron (IPCE) ratio, of a photosensitive device or it may refer to the TMR effect of a Magnetic Tunnel Junction.
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Radiation hardening
Radiation hardening is the act of making electronic components and systems resistant to damage or malfunctions caused by ionizing radiation (particle radiation and high-energy electromagnetic radiation), such as those encountered in outer space and high-altitude flight, around nuclear reactors and particle accelerators, or during nuclear accidents or nuclear warfare.
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RC time constant
The RC time constant, also called tau, the time constant (in seconds) of an RC circuit, is equal to the product of the circuit resistance (in ohms) and the circuit capacitance (in farads), i.e. It is the time required to charge the capacitor, through the resistor, from an initial charge voltage of zero to ≈63.2 percent of the value of an applied DC voltage, or to discharge the capacitor through the same resistor to ≈36.8 percent of its initial charge voltage.
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Remote control
In electronics, a remote control or clicker is a component of an electronic device used to operate the device from a distance, usually wirelessly.
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Response time (technology)
In technology, response time is the time a system or functional unit takes to react to a given input.
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Responsivity
Responsivity measures the input–output gain of a detector system.
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Scintillator
A scintillator is a material that exhibits scintillation—the property of luminescence, when excited by ionizing radiation.
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Semiconductor
A semiconductor material has an electrical conductivity value falling between that of a conductor – such as copper, gold etc.
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Semiconductor device
Semiconductor devices are electronic components that exploit the electronic properties of semiconductor materials, principally silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide, as well as organic semiconductors.
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Sensitivity (electronics)
The sensitivity of an electronic device, such as a communications system receiver, or detection device, such as a PIN diode, is the minimum magnitude of input signal required to produce a specified output signal having a specified signal-to-noise ratio, or other specified criteria.
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Sensor
In the broadest definition, a sensor is a device, module, or subsystem whose purpose is to detect events or changes in its environment and send the information to other electronics, frequently a computer processor.
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Shockley–Ramo theorem
The Shockley–Ramo theorem allows one to easily calculate the instantaneous electric current induced by a charge moving in the vicinity of an electrode.
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Silicon
Silicon is a chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 14.
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Slotted optical switch
The slotted optical switch, sometimes known as opto switch or optical switch but not to be confused with the optical component, is a device comprising a photoemitter (e.g. LED) and a photodetector (e.g. photodiode) mounted in a single package so that the photoemitter normally illuminates the photodetector, but an opaque object can be inserted in a slot between them so as to break the beam.
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Smoke detector
A smoke detector is a device that senses smoke, typically as an indicator of fire.
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Solar cell
A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect, which is a physical and chemical phenomenon.
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Solar power
Solar power is the conversion of energy from sunlight into electricity, either directly using photovoltaics (PV), indirectly using concentrated solar power, or a combination.
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Solaristor
A solaristor (from SOLAR cell transISTOR) is a compact two terminal self-powered phototransistor.
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Specific detectivity
Specific detectivity, or D*, for a photodetector is a figure of merit used to characterize performance, equal to the reciprocal of noise-equivalent power (NEP), normalized per square root of the sensor's area and frequency bandwidth (reciprocal of twice the integration time).
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Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation.
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Television set
A television set or television receiver, more commonly called a television, TV, TV set, or telly, is a device that combines a tuner, display, and loudspeakers for the purpose of viewing television.
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Thunderbolt (interface)
Thunderbolt is the brand name of a hardware interface standard developed by Intel (in collaboration with Apple) that allows the connection of external peripherals to a computer.
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Transducer
A transducer is a device that converts energy from one form to another.
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Transimpedance amplifier
In electronics, a transimpedance amplifier (TIA) is a current-to-voltage converter, most often implemented using an operational amplifier.
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Ultraviolet
Ultraviolet (UV) is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.
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Watt
The watt (symbol: W) is a unit of power.
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Wavelength
In physics, the wavelength is the spatial period of a periodic wave—the distance over which the wave's shape repeats.
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X-ray
X-rays make up X-radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photodiode
