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Linear congruential generator

Index Linear congruential generator

A linear congruential generator (LCG) is an algorithm that yields a sequence of pseudo-randomized numbers calculated with a discontinuous piecewise linear equation. [1]

77 relations: Algorithm, ANSI C, Birthday problem, Borland, C standard library, C++11, C11 (C standard revision), C99, Carbon (API), Cc65, CodeWarrior, Combined linear congruential generator, Communications of the ACM, Compiler, Coprime integers, Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator, Delphi (IDE), Digital Mars, Donald Knuth, Free Pascal, Full cycle, George Marsaglia, GNU C Library, GNU Compiler Collection, Harvey Mudd College, Hyperplane, IBM VisualAge, If and only if, Integer, Inversive congruential generator, Java (programming language), Journal of the ACM, Least common multiple, Lehmer random number generator, Linear-feedback shift register, Mathematics of Computation, Mersenne prime, Mersenne Twister, Microsoft Visual C++, MMIX, Modular arithmetic, Modulo operation, Multiply-with-carry, Musl, Native API, Newlib, Numerical Recipes, OpenVMS, Permuted congruential generator, Piecewise linear function, ..., POSIX, Power of two, Prime number, Primitive element (finite field), Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Pseudorandom number generator, Pseudorandomness, Python (programming language), Randomness, Randomness tests, RANDU, Recurrence relation, Runtime library, Sequence, Spectral test, Subtract with carry, TestU01, Turbo Pascal, Video game console, Virtual Pascal, Visual Basic, Watcom C/C++, Wichmann–Hill, Windows Vista, Wolfram Demonstrations Project, Word (computer architecture), Xorshift. Expand index (27 more) »

Algorithm

In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm is an unambiguous specification of how to solve a class of problems.

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ANSI C

ANSI C, ISO C and Standard C refer to the successive standards for the C programming language published by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

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Birthday problem

In probability theory, the birthday problem or birthday paradox concerns the probability that, in a set of randomly chosen people, some pair of them will have the same birthday.

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Borland

Borland Software Corporation is a software company that facilitates software deployment projects.

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C standard library

The C standard library or libc is the standard library for the C programming language, as specified in the ANSI C standard.

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C++11

C++11 is a version of the standard for the programming language C++.

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C11 (C standard revision)

C11 (formerly C1X) is an informal name for ISO/IEC 9899:2011, the current standard for the C programming language.

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C99

C99 (previously known as C9X) is an informal name for ISO/IEC 9899:1999, a past version of the C programming language standard.

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Carbon (API)

Carbon is one of Apple Inc.'s C-based application programming interfaces (APIs) for the Macintosh operating system.

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Cc65

cc65 is a complete cross development package for 65(C)02 systems, including a macro assembler, a C cross compiler, linker, librarian and several other tools.

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CodeWarrior

CodeWarrior is an integrated development environment (IDE) published by NXP Semiconductors for editing, compiling, and debugging software for several microcontrollers and microprocessors (Freescale ColdFire, ColdFire+, Kinetis, Qorivva, PX, Freescale RS08, Freescale S08, and S12Z) and digital signal controllers (DSC MC56F80X and MC5680XX) used in embedded systems.

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Combined linear congruential generator

A combined linear congruential generator (CLCG) is a pseudo-random number generator algorithm based on combining two or more linear congruential generators (LCG).

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Communications of the ACM

Communications of the ACM is the monthly journal of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM).

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Compiler

A compiler is computer software that transforms computer code written in one programming language (the source language) into another programming language (the target language).

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Coprime integers

In number theory, two integers and are said to be relatively prime, mutually prime, or coprime (also written co-prime) if the only positive integer (factor) that divides both of them is 1.

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Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator

A cryptographically secure pseudo-random number generator (CSPRNG) or cryptographic pseudo-random number generator (CPRNG) is a pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) with properties that make it suitable for use in cryptography.

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Delphi (IDE)

Delphi is an integrated development environment (IDE) for rapid application development of desktop, mobile, web, and console software, developed by Embarcadero Technologies.

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Digital Mars

Digital Mars is a small American software company owned by Walter Bright that makes C, C++ and D compilers, and associated utilities such as an integrated development environment (IDE) for Windows and DOS, which Digital Mars terms an integrated development and debugging environment (IDDE).

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Donald Knuth

Donald Ervin Knuth (born January 10, 1938) is an American computer scientist, mathematician, and professor emeritus at Stanford University.

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Free Pascal

Free Pascal Compiler (FPC) is a compiler for the closely related programming language dialects, Pascal and Object Pascal.

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Full cycle

In a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG), a full cycle or full period is the behavior of a PRNG over its set of valid states.

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George Marsaglia

George Marsaglia (March 12, 1924 – February 15, 2011) was an American mathematician and computer scientist.

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GNU C Library

The GNU C Library, commonly known as glibc, is the GNU Project's implementation of the C standard library.

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GNU Compiler Collection

The GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) is a compiler system produced by the GNU Project supporting various programming languages.

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Harvey Mudd College

Harvey Mudd College (HMC) is a private residential liberal arts college in Claremont, California.

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Hyperplane

In geometry, a hyperplane is a subspace whose dimension is one less than that of its ambient space.

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IBM VisualAge

VisualAge was the name of a family of computer integrated development environments from IBM, which included support for multiple programming languages.

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If and only if

In logic and related fields such as mathematics and philosophy, if and only if (shortened iff) is a biconditional logical connective between statements.

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Integer

An integer (from the Latin ''integer'' meaning "whole")Integer 's first literal meaning in Latin is "untouched", from in ("not") plus tangere ("to touch").

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Inversive congruential generator

Inversive congruential generators are a type of nonlinear congruential pseudorandom number generator, which use the modular multiplicative inverse (if it exists) to generate the next number in a sequence.

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Java (programming language)

Java is a general-purpose computer-programming language that is concurrent, class-based, object-oriented, and specifically designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible.

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Journal of the ACM

The Journal of the ACM is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering computer science in general, especially theoretical aspects.

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Least common multiple

In arithmetic and number theory, the least common multiple, lowest common multiple, or smallest common multiple of two integers a and b, usually denoted by LCM(a, b), is the smallest positive integer that is divisible by both a and b. Since division of integers by zero is undefined, this definition has meaning only if a and b are both different from zero.

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Lehmer random number generator

The Lehmer random number generator (named after D. H. Lehmer), sometimes also referred to as the Park–Miller random number generator (after Stephen K. Park and Keith W. Miller), is a type of linear congruential generator (LCG) that operates in multiplicative group of integers modulo n. The general formula is: where the modulus n is a prime number or a power of a prime number, the multiplier g is an element of high multiplicative order modulo n (e.g., a primitive root modulo n), and the seed X is coprime to n.

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Linear-feedback shift register

In computing, a linear-feedback shift register (LFSR) is a shift register whose input bit is a linear function of its previous state.

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Mathematics of Computation

Mathematics of Computation is a bimonthly mathematics journal focused on computational mathematics.

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Mersenne prime

In mathematics, a Mersenne prime is a prime number that is one less than a power of two.

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Mersenne Twister

The Mersenne Twister is a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG).

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Microsoft Visual C++

Microsoft Visual C++ (often abbreviated to MSVC) is an integrated development environment (IDE) product from Microsoft for the C, C++, and C++/CLI programming languages.

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MMIX

MMIX (pronounced em-mix) is a 64-bit reduced instruction set computing (RISC) architecture designed by Donald Knuth, with significant contributions by John L. Hennessy (who contributed to the design of the MIPS architecture) and Richard L. Sites (who was an architect of the Alpha architecture).

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Modular arithmetic

In mathematics, modular arithmetic is a system of arithmetic for integers, where numbers "wrap around" upon reaching a certain value—the modulus (plural moduli).

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Modulo operation

In computing, the modulo operation finds the remainder after division of one number by another (sometimes called modulus).

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Multiply-with-carry

In computer science, multiply-with-carry (MWC) is a method invented by George Marsaglia for generating sequences of random integers based on an initial set from two to many thousands of randomly chosen seed values.

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Musl

musl is a C standard library intended for operating systems based on the Linux kernel, released under the MIT License.

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Native API

The Native API is a lightweight application programming interface (API) used by Windows NT and user mode applications.

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Newlib

Newlib is a C standard library implementation intended for use on embedded systems.

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Numerical Recipes

Numerical Recipes is the generic title of a series of books on algorithms and numerical analysis by William H. Press, Saul A. Teukolsky, William T. Vetterling and Brian P. Flannery.

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OpenVMS

OpenVMS is a closed-source, proprietary computer operating system for use in general-purpose computing.

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Permuted congruential generator

A permuted congruential generator (PCG) is an pseudorandom number generation algorithm developed in 2014 which applies an output permutation function to improve the statistical properties of a modulo-2n linear congruential generator.

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Piecewise linear function

In mathematics, a piecewise linear function is a real-valued function defined on the real numbers or a segment thereof, whose graph is composed of straight-line sections.

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POSIX

The Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) is a family of standards specified by the IEEE Computer Society for maintaining compatibility between operating systems.

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Power of two

In mathematics, a power of two is a number of the form where is an integer, i.e. the result of exponentiation with number two as the base and integer as the exponent.

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Prime number

A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that cannot be formed by multiplying two smaller natural numbers.

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Primitive element (finite field)

In field theory, a primitive element of a finite field GF(q) is a generator of the multiplicative group of the field.

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS) is the official scientific journal of the National Academy of Sciences, published since 1915.

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Pseudorandom number generator

A pseudorandom number generator (PRNG), also known as a deterministic random bit generator (DRBG), is an algorithm for generating a sequence of numbers whose properties approximate the properties of sequences of random numbers.

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Pseudorandomness

A pseudorandom process is a process that appears to be random but is not.

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Python (programming language)

Python is an interpreted high-level programming language for general-purpose programming.

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Randomness

Randomness is the lack of pattern or predictability in events.

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Randomness tests

Randomness tests (or tests for randomness), in data evaluation, are used to analyze the distribution of a set of data to see if it is random (patternless).

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RANDU

RANDU is a linear congruential pseudorandom number generator of the Park–Miller type, which has been used since the 1960s.

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Recurrence relation

In mathematics, a recurrence relation is an equation that recursively defines a sequence or multidimensional array of values, once one or more initial terms are given: each further term of the sequence or array is defined as a function of the preceding terms.

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Runtime library

In computer programming, a runtime library (RTL) is a set of low-level routines used by a compiler to invoke some of the behaviors of a runtime environment, by inserting calls to the runtime library into compiled executable binary.

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Sequence

In mathematics, a sequence is an enumerated collection of objects in which repetitions are allowed.

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Spectral test

The spectral test is a statistical test for the quality of a class of pseudorandom number generators (PRNGs), the linear congruential generators (LCGs).

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Subtract with carry

Subtract-with-carry is a pseudorandom number generator of the lagged Fibonacci type introduced by George Marsaglia and Arif Zaman in 1991.

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TestU01

TestU01 is a software library, implemented in the ANSI C language, that offers a collection of utilities for the empirical randomness testing of random number generators (RNGs).

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Turbo Pascal

Turbo Pascal is a software development system that includes a compiler and an integrated development environment (IDE) for the Pascal programming language running on CP/M, CP/M-86, and MS-DOS.

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Video game console

A video game console is an electronic, digital or computer device that outputs a video signal or visual image to display a video game that one or more people can play.

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Virtual Pascal

Virtual Pascal is a free 32-bit Pascal compiler, IDE, and debugger for OS/2 and Microsoft Windows, with some limited Linux support.

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Visual Basic

Visual Basic is a third-generation event-driven programming language and integrated development environment (IDE) from Microsoft for its Component Object Model (COM) programming model first released in 1991 and declared legacy during 2008.

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Watcom C/C++

Watcom C/C++ (currently Open Watcom C/C++) is an integrated development environment (IDE) product from Watcom International Corporation for the C, C++, and Fortran programming languages.

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Wichmann–Hill

Wichmann–Hill is a pseudorandom number generator proposed in 1982 by Brian Wichmann and David Hill.

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Windows Vista

Windows Vista (codenamed Longhorn) is an operating system by Microsoft for use on personal computers, including home and business desktops, laptops, tablet PCs and media center PCs.

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Wolfram Demonstrations Project

The Wolfram Demonstrations Project is an organized, open-source collection of small (or medium-size) interactive programs called Demonstrations, which are meant to visually and interactively represent ideas from a range of fields.

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Word (computer architecture)

In computing, a word is the natural unit of data used by a particular processor design.

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Xorshift

Xorshift random number generators are a class of pseudorandom number generators that were discovered by George Marsaglia.

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Redirects here:

LCPRNG, Linear Congruential Generators, Linear congruence generator, Linear congruent method, Linear congruential method, Mixed congruential generator, Multiplicative congruential generator, Pure multiplicative generator.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_congruential_generator

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