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List of Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients

Index List of Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients

This is an alphabetized, partial list of recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom, grouped by the aspect of life in which they are/were renowned. [1]

648 relations: A. Leon Higginbotham Jr., A. M. Rosenthal, A. Philip Randolph, Aaron Copland, Abner Mikva, Adela Rogers St. Johns, Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, Admiral (United States), Alan Greenspan, Alan Tower Waterman, Albert Coady Wedemeyer, Albert Sabin, Albert Shanker, Albert Wohlstetter, Alexander Calder, Alexander Meiklejohn, Alfred Lunt, Allied High Commission, Alvin Ailey, Ambassador, American football, An Wang, Andrew Goodman, Andrew Goodpaster, Andrew Wyeth, Andrew Young, Andy Griffith, Angela Merkel, Anglican Diocese of Cape Town, Anne Armstrong, Annie Dodge Wauneka, Ansel Adams, Anthony S. Fauci, Antonia Pantoja, Anwar Sadat, Apollo 11, Apollo 13, Archbishop, Archbishop Iakovos of America, Archibald MacLeish, Aretha Franklin, Ariel Durant, Arleigh Burke, Arnall Patz, Arnold Aronson, Arnold Palmer, Arthur Ashe, Arthur Fiedler, Arthur Goldberg, Arthur Krock, ..., Arthur Rubinstein, Arthur Sherwood Flemming, Arturo Sandoval, Assassination of Anwar Sadat, Assassination of John F. Kennedy, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, Astronaut, Audrey Hepburn, Aung San Suu Kyi, Auto racing, Álvaro Uribe, Óscar Elías Biscet, B.B. King, Barack Obama, Barbara Jordan, Barbara Mikulski, Barbra Streisand, Barry Goldwater, Baseball, Basketball, Bayard Rustin, Bear Bryant, Ben Bradlee, Ben Carson, Benjamin Hooks, Betty Ford, Beverly Sills, Bill Clinton, Bill Cosby, Bill Gates, Bill Henry (Los Angeles Times), Bill Russell, Billie Jean King, Billy Frank Jr., Billy Graham, Bob Dole, Bob Dylan, Bob Hope, Bob Kahn, Boxing, Brent Scowcroft, Brian Lamb, Brigadier general (United States), Brooke Astor, Bruce Catton, Bruce Springsteen, Bryce Harlow, Buck O'Neil, Buzz Aldrin, Byron White, C. Douglas Dillon, C. Everett Koop, C. T. Vivian, Captain (United States), Carl Sandburg, Carl Vinson, Carlos P. Romulo, Carol Burnett, Caspar Weinberger, Catherine Filene Shouse, Cesar Chavez, Charlie Sifford, Charlton Heston, Chief Justice of the United States, Chita Rivera, Chuck Yeager, Cicely Tyson, Clare Boothe Luce, Clarence B. Randall, Clarence Mitchell Jr., Clark Clifford, Claude Pepper, Colin Powell, Count Basie, Cruz Reynoso, Cyrus Vance, Daniel Inouye, Daniel Kahneman, Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Danny Kaye, Dante Fascell, Dave Thomas (businessman), David A. Hamburg, David Brinkley, David Dubinsky, David K. E. Bruce, David Lawrence (publisher), David McCullough, David Packard, David Rockefeller, Dean Acheson, Dean Rusk, Dean Smith, Defence minister, Denton Cooley, Desmond Tutu, Detlev Bronk, DeWitt Wallace, Diana Ross, Dick Cheney, Director of Central Intelligence, Distinguished Civilian Service Awards Board, Dolores Huerta, Donald Henderson, Donald Rumsfeld, Donna Shalala, Doris Day, Dorothy Height, Duke Ellington, Dumas Malone, E. B. White, Earl Blaik, Earl Warren, Edgar Bronfman Sr., Edgar Kaiser Sr., Edgar Mitchell, Edgar Wayburn, Edmund Muskie, Edmund Wilson, Eduardo J. Padrón, Edward Brooke, Edward J. DeBartolo Sr., Edward R. Murrow, Edward R. Roybal, Edward Steichen, Edward Teller, Edwin H. Land, Elbert Tuttle, Elie Wiesel, Ella Fitzgerald, Ella T. Grasso, Ellen DeGeneres, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf, Elliot Richardson, Ellsworth Bunker, Elmo Zumwalt, Elouise P. Cobell, Emilio Estefan, Eric Hoffer, Ernie Banks, Estée Lauder (businesswoman), Esther Peterson, Ethel Kennedy, Eubie Blake, Eudora Welty, Eugene Lang, Eugene M. Locke, Eugene Ormandy, Eugene R. Black Sr., Eunice Kennedy Shriver, Evelyn Dubrow, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Felix Frankfurter, Frances Hesselbein, Francis Collins, Frank Minis Johnson, Frank Reynolds, Frank Robinson, Frank Sinatra, Fred Haise, Fred Korematsu, Fred Rogers, Frederick D. Patterson, Frederick Kappel, Friedrich Hayek, Gardner C. Taylor, Gary Becker, Gaylord Nelson, Gene Kranz, General (United States), General of the Army (United States), Genevieve Caulfield, George Abbey, George Balanchine, George F. Kennan, George G. Higgins, George H. W. Bush, George J. Mitchell, George Low, George McGovern, George Meany, George P. Shultz, George Robertson, Baron Robertson of Port Ellen, George Tenet, George W. Taylor (professor), Georgia O'Keeffe, Gerald D. Griffin, Gerald Ford, Gerard C. Smith, Gerda Weissmann Klein, Gilbert Melville Grosvenor, Ginetta Sagan, Gloria Estefan, Gloria Steinem, Glynn Lunney, Golf, Gordon B. Hinckley, Gordon Hirabayashi, Gordon Moore, Governor (United States), Governor of Puerto Rico, Grace Hopper, Gregory Peck, Hank Aaron, Hanna Holborn Gray, Harold Brown (Secretary of Defense), Harper Lee, Harry W. Shlaudeman, Harvey Milk, Hector P. Garcia, Helen B. Taussig, Helen Hayes, Helen Keller, Helmut Kohl, Henry Ford II, Henry Friendly, Henry Hyde, Henry Kissinger, Henry M. Jackson, Herbert H. Lehman, Herblock, Horace M. Albright, Howard Baker, Hubert Humphrey, Hyman G. Rickover, Iorwith Wilbur Abel, Irving Berlin, Irving Brown, Irving Kaufman, Irving Kristol, Isaac Stern, Isabel Allende, Isolina Ferré, Itzhak Perlman, J. Frank Dobie, J. Willard Marriott, J. William Fulbright, Jack Kemp, Jack Nicklaus, Jack Swigert, Jackie Robinson, Jacob Javits, Jacques Barzun, Jacques Cousteau, James A. Michener, James Baker, James Brady, James Bryant Conant, James Burnham, James Cagney, James Chaney, James E. Burke, James E. Cheek, James E. Webb, James Farmer, James P. Grant, James Q. Wilson, James Rouse, James Stewart, James Taylor, James Watson, Jan Karski, Jan Nowak-Jeziorański, Janet Rowley, Jasper Johns, Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, Jean Kennedy Smith, Jean MacArthur, Jean Monnet, Jeane Kirkpatrick, Jerome H. Holland, Jesse Jackson, Jesse Owens, Jim Lovell, Jimmy Carter, Jimmy Doolittle, Joan Ganz Cooney, Joe Biden, Joe DiMaggio, Joe Medicine Crow, John A. McCone, John Bardeen, John Chafee, John Dingell, John Doar, John F. Kennedy, John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts, John Ford, John Franklin Enders, John Glenn, John H. Adams (NRDC), John H. Johnson, John Hope Franklin, John Howard, John J. McCloy, John Kenneth Galbraith, John L. Lewis, John Lewis (civil rights leader), John Macy, John Minor Wisdom, John Paul Stevens, John Paul Vann, John Shalikashvili, John Steinbeck, John Sweeney (labor leader), John W. Gardner, John Wayne, John William Vessey Jr., John Wooden, Johnny Carson, Jonas Salk, Joseph Bernardin, Joseph L. Rauh Jr., Joseph Lowery, Joseph Luns, Joseph Rochefort, Joshua Lederberg, Juan Trippe, Julia Child, Juliette Gordon Low, Justin Whitlock Dart, Justin Whitlock Dart Jr., Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, Karl Menninger, Kate Smith, Katharine Graham, Katherine Johnson, Kelly Johnson (engineer), Kirk Douglas, Lady Bird Johnson, Lane Kirkland, Laurance Rockefeller, Laurence Silberman, Lech Wałęsa, Lee H. Hamilton, Lena Frances Edwards, Leo Cherne, Leon Sullivan, Leontyne Price, Lew Wasserman, Lewis Mumford, Lieutenant general (United States), Lila Acheson Wallace, Lincoln Kirstein, Lloyd Bentsen, Loretta Lynn, Lorne Michaels, Louis L'Amour, Lowell Thomas, Lucia Chase, Lucille Ball, Luis A. Ferré, Luis Muñoz Marín, Lyman Lemnitzer, Lyndon B. Johnson, Lynn Fontanne, Mabel Mercer, Madeleine Albright, Malcolm Baldrige Jr., Manlio Brosio, Margaret Chase Smith, Margaret Hamilton (scientist), Margaret McNamara, Margaret Mead, Margaret Murie, Margaret Thatcher, Marian Anderson, Marian Wright Edelman, Mario G. Obledo, Mario J. Molina, Marjory Stoneman Douglas, Marlo Thomas, Martha Graham, Martha Raye, Martin Luther King Jr., Mary Lasker, Mary Robinson, Mathilde Krim, Matthew Ridgway, Max Kampelman, Maya Angelou, Maya Lin, McGeorge Bundy, Medal of Freedom, Melinda Gates, Melvin Laird, Mercury-Atlas 6, Meredith Willson, Merriman Smith, Meryl Streep, Michael Collins (astronaut), Michael DeBakey, Michael Jordan, Michael Schwerner, Mike Mansfield, Mildred Dresselhaus, Mildred Jeffrey, Milton Friedman, Milton Windler, Minoru Yasui, Mo Udall, Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives program, Morris I. Leibman, Mother Teresa, Mstislav Rostropovich, Muhammad Ali, Muhammad Yunus, Nancy Brinker, Nancy Reagan, NASA, Natan Sharansky, National Endowment for the Arts, Neil Armstrong, Nelson Mandela, Nelson Rockefeller, Newton N. Minow, Norman Borlaug, Norman Francis, Norman Mineta, Norman Podhoretz, Norman Rockwell, Norman Schwarzkopf Jr., Norman Vincent Peale, Nun, Oliver Hill, Omar Bradley, Oprah Winfrey, Pablo Casals, Pat Summitt, Patricia Wald, Patsy Mink, Paul Bremer, Paul Dudley White, Paul G. Hoffman, Paul Harvey, Paul Johnson (writer), Paul Nitze, Paul Rusesabagina, Pearl Bailey, Pedro José Greer, Peggy Charren, Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington, Peter Drucker, Peter Pace, Philip Habib, Plácido Domingo, Pope, Pope John Paul II, Pope John XXIII, President of the United States, Presidential Medal of Freedom, Press release, Rachel Carson, Ralph Bunche, Ralph Ellison, Ralph McGill, Raymond Moley, Rear admiral (United States), Reinhold Niebuhr, Richard Garwin, Richard Lugar, Richard Myers, Richard Petty, Rita Moreno, Robert A. Lovett, Robert Bartley, Robert Coles, Robert Conquest, Robert De Niro, Robert Gates, Robert H. Michel, Robert J. H. Kiphuth, Robert Komer, Robert McNamara, Robert Penn Warren, Robert Redford, Robert S. Strauss, Robert Solow, Roberta Wohlstetter, Roberto Clemente, Roger L. Stevens, Roger Nash Baldwin, Roger Tory Peterson, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York, Ronald Reagan, Rosa Parks, Rosalynn Carter, Roy Wilkins, Rudolf Serkin, Russell E. Train, Ruth Johnson Colvin, Ryan Crocker, Sally Ride, Sam Walton, Samuel Eliot Morison, Samuel Goldwyn, Sandra Day O'Connor, Sargent Shriver, Secretary General of NATO, Secretary-General of the United Nations, Shimon Peres, Shirley Chisholm, Sidney Hook, Sidney Poitier, Simon Ramo, Simon Wiesenthal, Sol Linowitz, Sonny Montgomery, Southwest Voter Registration Education Project, Space Shuttle Challenger, Stan Musial, State Counsellor of Myanmar, Stephen Hawking, Stephen Sondheim, Steven Spielberg, Stevie Wonder, Strom Thurmond, STS-41-G, STS-7, STS-95, Suzan Shown Harjo, Swimming (sport), Sylvia Mendez, T. S. Eliot, Ted Kennedy, Ted Williams, Tennessee Ernie Ford, Tennessee Williams, Tennis, Terence Cooke, Tex Thornton, The Reverend, Theodore Hesburgh, Thomas Watson Jr., Thornton Wilder, Thurgood Marshall, Tip O'Neill, Tom Brokaw, Tom Hanks, Tom Lantos, Tom Little (optometrist), Tommy Franks, Toni Morrison, Tony Blair, Tragedy Assistance Program for Survivors, Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations, United States Deputy Secretary of Defense, United States House of Representatives, United States Senate, University of California, Santa Barbara, Van Cliburn, Vartan Gregorian, Václav Havel, Vermont C. Royster, Vernon A. Walters, Vietnam Veterans Memorial, Vin Scully, Vint Cerf, Vladimir Horowitz, W. Averell Harriman, Walker Hancock, Walt Disney, Walt Whitman Rostow, Walter Annenberg, Walter Cronkite, Walter Judd (politician), Walter Lippmann, Walter Reuther, Walter Wriston, Warren Buffett, Warren Christopher, Warren E. Burger, Wesley Clark, White House, White House Press Secretary, Whitney Young, Whittaker Chambers, Will Durant, Willem de Kooning, William B. Walsh, William F. Buckley Jr., William Foege, William H. Webster, William Hopkins (architect), William J. Brennan Jr., William J. Crowe, William P. Rogers, William Perry, William Ruckelshaus, William Safire, William Thaddeus Coleman Jr., Willie Mays, Wilma Mankiller, Yo-Yo Ma, Yogi Berra, Zachary Fisher, Zbigniew Brzezinski. Expand index (598 more) »

A. Leon Higginbotham Jr.

Aloyisus Leon Higginbotham Jr. (February 25, 1928 – December 14, 1998) was a prominent African-American civil rights advocate, author, and federal appeals court judge.

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A. M. Rosenthal

Abraham Michael Rosenthal (May 2, 1922 – May 10, 2006), also known as Abe Rosenthal, served as The New York Times Executive Editor (1977–1988), having served previously as the City Editor and Managing Editor, before becoming a columnist (1987–1999) and New York Daily News columnist (1999–2004).

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A. Philip Randolph

Asa Philip Randolph (April 15, 1889 – May 16, 1979) was a leader in the Civil Rights Movement, the American labor movement, and socialist political parties.

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Aaron Copland

Aaron Copland (November 14, 1900December 2, 1990) was an American composer, composition teacher, writer, and later a conductor of his own and other American music.

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Abner Mikva

Abner Joseph Mikva (January 21, 1926 – July 4, 2016) was an American politician, federal judge, lawyer and law professor.

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Adela Rogers St. Johns

Adela Nora Rogers St.

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Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency

The Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency is the head of the United States federal government's Environmental Protection Agency, and is thus responsible for enforcing the nation's Clean Air and Clean Water Acts, as well as numerous other environmental statutes.

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Admiral (United States)

Admiral (abbreviated as ADM) is a four-star commissioned naval flag officer rank in the United States Navy, the United States Coast Guard, and the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, with the pay grade of O-10.

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Alan Greenspan

Alan Greenspan (born March 6, 1926) is an American economist who served as Chairman of the Federal Reserve of the United States from 1987 to 2006.

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Alan Tower Waterman

Alan Tower Waterman (June 4, 1892 – November 30, 1967) was an American physicist.

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Albert Coady Wedemeyer

General Albert Coady Wedemeyer (July 9, 1897 – December 17, 1989) was a United States Army commander who served in Asia during World War II from October 1943 to the end of the war.

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Albert Sabin

Albert Bruce Sabin (born Albert Saperstein; August 26, 1906 – March 3, 1993) was a Polish American medical researcher, best known for developing the oral polio vaccine which has played a key role in nearly eradicating the disease.

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Albert Shanker

Albert Shanker (September 14, 1928 – February 22, 1997) was president of the United Federation of Teachers from 1964 to 1985 and president of the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) from 1974 to 1997.

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Albert Wohlstetter

Albert James Wohlstetter (December 19, 1913 – January 10, 1997) was an influential and controversial nuclear strategist during the Cold War.

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Alexander Calder

Alexander Calder (July 22, 1898 – November 11, 1976) is widely considered to be one of the most important American sculptors of the 20th century.

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Alexander Meiklejohn

Alexander Meiklejohn (3 February 1872 – 17 December 1964) was a philosopher, university administrator, educational reformer, and free-speech advocate.

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Alfred Lunt

Alfred Davis Lunt, Jr. (August 12, 1892 – August 3, 1977) was an American stage director and actor who had a long-time professional partnership with his wife, actress Lynn Fontanne.

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Allied High Commission

The Allied High Commission (also known as the High Commission for Occupied Germany, HICOG; in German Alliierte Hohe Kommission, AHK) was established by the United States of America, the United Kingdom, and France after the 1948 breakdown of the Allied Control Council to regulate and supervise the development of the newly established Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany).

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Alvin Ailey

Alvin Ailey (January 5, 1931 – December 1, 1989) was an African-American choreographer and activist who founded the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater in New York City.

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Ambassador

An ambassador is an official envoy, especially a high-ranking diplomat who represents a state and is usually accredited to another sovereign state or to an international organization as the resident representative of their own government or sovereign or appointed for a special and often temporary diplomatic assignment.

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American football

American football, referred to as football in the United States and Canada and also known as gridiron, is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end.

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An Wang

An Wang (February 7, 1920 – March 24, 1990) was a Chinese–American computer engineer and inventor, and co-founder of computer company Wang Laboratories, which was known primarily for its dedicated word processing machines.

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Andrew Goodman

Andrew Goodman (November 23, 1943 – June 21, 1964) was one of three American activists of the Civil Rights Movement and also a social worker, murdered near Philadelphia, Mississippi, during Freedom Summer in 1964 by members of the Ku Klux Klan.

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Andrew Goodpaster

Andrew Jackson Goodpaster (February 12, 1915 – May 16, 2005) was an American Army General.

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Andrew Wyeth

Andrew Newell Wyeth (July 12, 1917 – January 16, 2009) was a visual artist, primarily a realist painter, working predominantly in a regionalist style.

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Andrew Young

Andrew Jackson Young Jr. (born March 13, 1932) is an American politician, diplomat, and activist.

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Andy Griffith

Andy Samuel Griffith (June 1, 1926 – July 3, 2012) was an American actor, comedian, television producer, Southern gospel singer, and writer, whose career spanned seven decades of music and television.

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Angela Merkel

Angela Dorothea Merkel (Kasner, born 17 July 1954) is a German politician serving as Chancellor of Germany since 2005 and leader of the centre-right Christian Democratic Union (CDU) since 2000.

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Anglican Diocese of Cape Town

The Diocese of Cape Town is a diocese of the Anglican Church of Southern Africa (ACSA) which presently covers central Cape Town, some of its suburbs and the island of Tristan da Cunha, though in the past it has covered a much larger territory.

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Anne Armstrong

Anne Legendre Armstrong (December 27, 1927 – July 30, 2008) was a United States diplomat and politician.

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Annie Dodge Wauneka

Annie Dodge Wauneka (April 11, 1910 – November 10, 1997) was an influential member of the Navajo Nation as member of the Navajo Nation Council.

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Ansel Adams

Ansel Easton Adams (February 20, 1902 – April 22, 1984) was an American photographer and environmentalist.

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Anthony S. Fauci

Anthony Stephen "Tony" Fauci (born December 24, 1940) is an American immunologist who has made substantial contributions to HIV/AIDS research and other immunodeficiencies, both as a scientist and as the head of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID).

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Antonia Pantoja

Dr.

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Anwar Sadat

Muhammad Anwar el-Sadat (محمد أنور السادات, Egyptian muħæmmæd ˈʔɑnwɑɾ essæˈdæːt; 25 December 1918 – 6 October 1981) was the third President of Egypt, serving from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981.

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Apollo 11

Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first two humans on the Moon.

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Apollo 13

Apollo 13 was the seventh manned mission in the Apollo space program and the third intended to land on the Moon.

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Archbishop

In Christianity, an archbishop (via Latin archiepiscopus, from Greek αρχιεπίσκοπος, from αρχι-, 'chief', and επίσκοπος, 'bishop') is a bishop of higher rank or office.

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Archbishop Iakovos of America

Archbishop Iakovos or Jacob (Ιάκωβος; born Demetrios Koukouzis (Δημήτριος Κουκούζης); July 29, 1911 – April 10, 2005) was the Primate of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of North and South America (now the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America) from 1959 until his resignation in 1996.

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Archibald MacLeish

Archibald MacLeish (May 7, 1892 – April 20, 1982) was an American poet and writer who was associated with the modernist school of poetry.

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Aretha Franklin

Aretha Louise Franklin (born March 25, 1942) is an American singer and songwriter.

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Ariel Durant

Ariel Durant (10 May 1898 – 25 October 1981) was a Russian-born American researcher and writer and the coauthor of The Story of Civilization with her husband Will Durant.

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Arleigh Burke

Arleigh Albert Burke (October 19, 1901 – January 1, 1996) was an admiral of the United States Navy who distinguished himself during World War II and the Korean War, and who served as Chief of Naval Operations during the Eisenhower and Kennedy administrations.

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Arnall Patz

Arnall Patz (June 14, 1920 – March 11, 2010) was an American medical doctor and research professor at Johns Hopkins University.

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Arnold Aronson

Arnold Aronson (March 11, 1911 – February 17, 1998) was a founder of the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights and served as its executive secretary from 1950 to 1980.

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Arnold Palmer

Arnold Daniel Palmer (September 10, 1929 – September 25, 2016) was an American professional golfer who is generally regarded as one of the greatest and most charismatic players in the sport's history.

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Arthur Ashe

Arthur Robert Ashe Jr. (July 10, 1943 – February 6, 1993) was an American professional tennis player who won three Grand Slam titles.

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Arthur Fiedler

Arthur Fiedler (December 17, 1894 – July 10, 1979) was a long-time conductor of the Boston Pops Orchestra, a symphony orchestra that specializes in popular and light classical music.

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Arthur Goldberg

Arthur Joseph Goldberg (August 8, 1908January 19, 1990) was an American statesman and jurist who served as the 9th U.S. Secretary of Labor, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, and the 6th United States Ambassador to the United Nations.

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Arthur Krock

Arthur Bernard Krock (November 16, 1886 – April 12, 1974) was a Pulitzer Prize winning American journalist.

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Arthur Rubinstein

Arthur Rubinstein (Artur Rubinstein; 28 January 188720 December 1982) was a Polish American classical pianist.

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Arthur Sherwood Flemming

Arthur Sherwood Flemming (June 12, 1905September 7, 1996) was an American government official.

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Arturo Sandoval

Arturo Sandoval (born November 6, 1949) is a Cuban American jazz trumpeter, pianist and composer.

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Assassination of Anwar Sadat

The assassination of Anwar Sadat occurred on 6 October 1981.

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Assassination of John F. Kennedy

John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States, was assassinated on Friday, November 22, 1963, at 12:30 p.m. in Dallas, Texas, while riding in a presidential motorcade through Dealey Plaza.

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Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States

Associate Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States are the members of the Supreme Court of the United States other than the Chief Justice of the United States.

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Astronaut

An astronaut or cosmonaut is a person trained by a human spaceflight program to command, pilot, or serve as a crew member of a spacecraft.

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Audrey Hepburn

Audrey Hepburn (born Audrey Kathleen Ruston; 4 May 192920 January 1993) was a British actress, model, dancer and humanitarian.

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Aung San Suu Kyi

Aung San Suu Kyi (born 19 June 1945) is a Burmese politician, diplomat, and author, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate (1991).

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Auto racing

Auto racing (also known as car racing, motor racing, or automobile racing) is a motorsport involving the racing of automobiles for competition.

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Álvaro Uribe

Álvaro Uribe Vélez (born 4 July 1952) is a Colombian politician who served as the 31st President of Colombia from 7 August 2002 to 7 August 2010.

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Óscar Elías Biscet

Dr.

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B.B. King

Riley B. King (September 16, 1925 – May 14, 2015), known professionally as B.B. King, was an American blues singer, electric guitarist, songwriter, and record producer.

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Barack Obama

Barack Hussein Obama II (born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from January 20, 2009, to January 20, 2017.

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Barbara Jordan

Barbara Charline Jordan (February 21, 1936 – January 17, 1996) was an American lawyer, educator and politician who was a leader of the Civil Rights Movement.

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Barbara Mikulski

Barbara Ann Mikulski (born July 20, 1936) is an American politician who served as a United States Senator from Maryland from 1987 to 2017.

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Barbra Streisand

Barbara Joan "Barbra" Streisand (born April 24, 1942) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and filmmaker.

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Barry Goldwater

Barry Morris Goldwater (January 2, 1909 – May 29, 1998) was an American politician, businessman, and author who was a five-term United States Senator from Arizona (1953–65, 1969–87) and the Republican Party's nominee for President of the United States in 1964.

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Baseball

Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two opposing teams who take turns batting and fielding.

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Basketball

Basketball is a team sport played on a rectangular court.

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Bayard Rustin

Bayard Rustin (March 17, 1912 – August 24, 1987) was an American leader in social movements for civil rights, socialism, nonviolence, and gay rights.

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Bear Bryant

Paul William "Bear" Bryant (September 11, 1913 – January 26, 1983) was an American college football player and coach.

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Ben Bradlee

Benjamin Crowninshield Bradlee (1921 –, 2014) was an American newspaperman.

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Ben Carson

Benjamin Solomon Carson Sr. (born September 18, 1951) is an American politician, author and former neurosurgeon serving as the 17th and current United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development since 2017, under the Trump Administration.

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Benjamin Hooks

Benjamin Lawson Hooks (January 31, 1925 – April 15, 2010) was an American civil rights leader.

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Betty Ford

Elizabeth Anne "Betty" Ford (April 8, 1918 – July 8, 2011) was the First Lady of the United States from 1974 to 1977, as the wife of the 38th President of the United States, Gerald Ford.

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Beverly Sills

Beverly Sills (born Belle Miriam Silverman, May 25, 1929July 2, 2007) was an American operatic soprano whose peak career was between the 1950s and 1970s.

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Bill Clinton

William Jefferson Clinton (born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001.

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Bill Cosby

William Henry Cosby Jr. (born July 12, 1937) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, musician, author, and convicted sex offender.

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Bill Gates

William Henry Gates III (born October 28, 1955) is an American business magnate, investor, author, philanthropist, humanitarian, and principal founder of Microsoft Corporation.

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Bill Henry (Los Angeles Times)

William Mellors "Bill" Henry (1890–1970) was an American writer and reporter who lived and worked primarily in Los Angeles, California.

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Bill Russell

William Felton Russell (born February 12, 1934) is an American retired professional basketball player.

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Billie Jean King

Billie Jean King (née Moffitt; born November 22, 1943) is an American former World No. 1 professional tennis player.

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Billy Frank Jr.

Billy Frank Jr. (March 9, 1931 – May 5, 2014) was a Native American environmental leader and treaty rights activist born in 1931 to Willie and Angeline Frank.

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Billy Graham

William Franklin Graham Jr. (November 7, 1918 – February 21, 2018) was an American evangelist, a prominent evangelical Christian figure, and an ordained Southern Baptist minister who became well known internationally in the late 1940s.

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Bob Dole

Robert Joseph Dole (born July 22, 1923) is a retired American politician and attorney who represented Kansas in Congress from 1961 to 1996 and served as the Republican Leader of the United States Senate from 1985 until 1996.

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Bob Dylan

Bob Dylan (born Robert Allen Zimmerman, May 24, 1941) is an American singer-songwriter, author, and painter who has been an influential figure in popular music and culture for more than five decades.

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Bob Hope

Sir Leslie Townes Hope, KBE, KC*SG, KSS (May 29, 1903 – July 27, 2003) known professionally as Bob Hope, was an English-American stand-up comedian, vaudevillian, actor, singer, dancer, athlete, and author.

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Bob Kahn

Robert Elliot Kahn (born December 23, 1938) is an American electrical engineer, who, along with Vint Cerf, invented the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP), the fundamental communication protocols at the heart of the Internet.

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Boxing

Boxing is a combat sport in which two people, usually wearing protective gloves, throw punches at each other for a predetermined set of time in a boxing ring.

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Brent Scowcroft

Brent Scowcroft (born March 19, 1925) is a retired United States Air Force lieutenant general who was the United States National Security Advisor under U.S. Presidents Gerald Ford and George H. W. Bush.

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Brian Lamb

Brian Patrick Lamb (born October 9, 1941) is an American journalist and the founder, executive chairman, and now retired CEO of C-SPAN; an American cable network which provides coverage of the U.S. House of Representatives and U.S. Senate as well as other public affairs events.

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Brigadier general (United States)

In the United States Armed Forces, brigadier general (BG, BGen, or Brig Gen) is a one-star general officer with the pay grade of O-7 in the U.S. Army, U.S. Marine Corps, and U.S. Air Force.

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Brooke Astor

Roberta Brooke Astor (née Russell; March 30, 1902 – August 13, 2007) was an American philanthropist, socialite, and writer who was the chairwoman of the Vincent Astor Foundation, which had been established by her third husband, Vincent Astor, son of John Jacob Astor IV and great-great grandson of America's first multi-millionaire, John Jacob Astor.

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Bruce Catton

Charles Bruce Catton (October 9, 1899 – August 28, 1978) was an American historian and journalist, known best for his books concerning the American Civil War.

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Bruce Springsteen

Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen (born September 23, 1949) is an American singer-songwriter and musician, known for his work with the E Street Band.

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Bryce Harlow

Bryce Nathaniel Harlow (August 11, 1916 – February 18, 1987) was a congressional staff member, army officer, advisor to U.S. presidents, and corporate lobbyist.

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Buck O'Neil

John Jordan "Buck" O'Neil (November 13, 1911 – October 6, 2006) was a first baseman and manager in the Negro American League, mostly with the Kansas City Monarchs.

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Buzz Aldrin

Buzz Aldrin (born Edwin Eugene Aldrin Jr.; January 20, 1930) is an American engineer, former astronaut, and Command Pilot in the United States Air Force.

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Byron White

Byron Raymond "Whizzer" White (June 8, 1917 – April 15, 2002) was an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.

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C. Douglas Dillon

Clarence Douglas Dillon (born Clarence Douglass Dillon; August 21, 1909 – January 10, 2003) was an American diplomat and politician, who served as U.S. Ambassador to France (1953–1957) and as the 57th Secretary of the Treasury (1961–1965).

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C. Everett Koop

Charles Everett Koop (October 14, 1916 – February 25, 2013) was an American pediatric surgeon and public health administrator.

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C. T. Vivian

Cordy Tindell Vivian, usually known as C. T. Vivian (born July 30, 1924), is a minister, author, and was a close friend and lieutenant of Martin Luther King Jr. during the Civil Rights Movement.

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Captain (United States)

In the United States uniformed services, captain is a commissioned-officer rank.

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Carl Sandburg

Carl August Sandburg (January 6, 1878 – July 22, 1967) was a Swedish-American poet, writer, and editor.

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Carl Vinson

Carl Vinson (November 18, 1883 – June 1, 1981) was a United States Representative from Georgia.

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Carlos P. Romulo

Carlos Peña Romulo, QSC PLH (14 January 1898 – 15 December 1985) was a Filipino diplomat, statesman, soldier, journalist and author.

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Carol Burnett

Carol Creighton Burnett (born April 26, 1933) is an American actress, comedian, singer and writer, whose career spans seven decades of television.

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Caspar Weinberger

Caspar Willard "Cap" Weinberger (August 18, 1917 – March 28, 2006) was an American politician and businessman.

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Catherine Filene Shouse

Catherine Filene Shouse (June 9, 1896 – December 14, 1994) was a researcher and philanthropist.

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Cesar Chavez

Cesar Chavez (born César Estrada Chávez,; March 31, 1927 – April 23, 1993) was an American labor leader and civil rights activist who, with Dolores Huerta, co-founded the National Farm Workers Association (later the United Farm Workers union, UFW) in 1962.

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Charlie Sifford

Charles Luther Sifford (June 2, 1922 – February 3, 2015) was a professional golfer who was the first African American to play on the PGA Tour.

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Charlton Heston

Charlton Heston (born John Charles Carter or Charlton John Carter; October 4, 1923 – April 5, 2008) was an American actor and political activist.

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Chief Justice of the United States

The Chief Justice of the United States is the chief judge of the Supreme Court of the United States and thus the head of the United States federal court system, which functions as the judicial branch of the nation's federal government.

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Chita Rivera

Chita Rivera (born January 23, 1933) is an American actress, dancer, and singer best known for her roles in musical theatre.

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Chuck Yeager

Charles Elwood "Chuck" Yeager (born, 1923) is a former United States Air Force officer, flying ace, and record-setting test pilot.

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Cicely Tyson

Cicely L.Tyson (born December 19, 1924) is an American actress and former fashion model.She is best known for playing strong African-American women on screen and stage throughout her career, she is the recipient of three Primetime Emmy Awards, four Black Reel Awards, one Screen Actor Guild Award and one Tony Award.

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Clare Boothe Luce

Clare Boothe Luce (March 10, 1903 – October 9, 1987) was an American author, politician, U.S. Ambassador and public conservative figure.

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Clarence B. Randall

Clarence Belden Randall (March 5, 1891 – August 4, 1967) was an American lawyer and businessman.

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Clarence Mitchell Jr.

Clarence Maurice Mitchell Jr. (March 8, 1911 – March 19, 1984) was a civil rights activist and was the chief lobbyist for the NAACP for nearly 30 years.

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Clark Clifford

Clark McAdams Clifford (December 25, 1906October 10, 1998) was an American lawyer who served as an important political adviser to Democratic Presidents Harry S. Truman, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, and Jimmy Carter.

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Claude Pepper

Claude Denson Pepper (September 8, 1900 – May 30, 1989) was an American politician of the Democratic Party, and a spokesman for left-liberalism and the elderly.

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Colin Powell

Colin Luther Powell (born April 5, 1937) is an American statesman and a retired four-star general in the United States Army.

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Count Basie

William James "Count" Basie (August 21, 1904 – April 26, 1984) was an American jazz pianist, organist, bandleader, and composer.

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Cruz Reynoso

Cruz Reynoso (born May 2, 1931) is an American civil rights lawyer and retired jurist.

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Cyrus Vance

Cyrus Roberts Vance (March 27, 1917January 12, 2002) was an American lawyer and United States Secretary of State under President Jimmy Carter from 1977 to 1980.

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Daniel Inouye

was a United States Senator from Hawaii from 1963 until his death in 2012.

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Daniel Kahneman

Daniel Kahneman (דניאל כהנמן; born March 5, 1934) is an Israeli-American psychologist notable for his work on the psychology of judgment and decision-making, as well as behavioral economics, for which he was awarded the 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (shared with Vernon L. Smith).

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Daniel Patrick Moynihan

Daniel Patrick "Pat" Moynihan (March 16, 1927 – March 26, 2003) was an American politician, sociologist, and diplomat.

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Danny Kaye

Danny Kaye (born David Daniel Kaminsky; January 18, 1911 – March 3, 1987) was an American actor, singer, dancer, comedian and musician.

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Dante Fascell

Dante Bruno Fascell (March 9, 1917 – November 28, 1998) served as an American politician from the state of Florida.

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Dave Thomas (businessman)

Rex David "Dave" Thomas (July 2, 1932January 8, 2002) was an American business magnate and philanthropist.

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David A. Hamburg

David A. Hamburg is President Emeritus at Carnegie Corporation of New York, where he served as president from 1982 to 1997.

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David Brinkley

David McClure Brinkley (July 10, 1920 – June 11, 2003) was an American newscaster for NBC and ABC in a career lasting from 1943 to 1997.

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David Dubinsky

David Dubinsky (born David Isaac Dobnievski; February 22, 1892 – September 17, 1982) was an American labor leader.

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David K. E. Bruce

David Kirkpatrick Este Bruce (February 12, 1898 – December 5, 1977) was an American diplomat, intelligence officer and politician.

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David Lawrence (publisher)

David Lawrence (December 25, 1888 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania – February 11, 1973 in Sarasota, Florida) was a conservative newspaperman.

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David McCullough

David Gaub McCullough (born July 7, 1933) is an American author, narrator, historian, and lecturer.

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David Packard

David Packard (September 7, 1912 – March 26, 1996) was an electrical engineer and co-founder, with William Hewlett, of Hewlett-Packard (1939), serving as president (1947–64), CEO (1964–68), and Chairman of the Board (1964–68, 1972–93).

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David Rockefeller

David Rockefeller (June 12, 1915 – March 20, 2017) was an American banker who was chairman and chief executive of Chase Manhattan Corporation.

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Dean Acheson

Dean Gooderham Acheson (pronounced; April 11, 1893 – October 12, 1971) was an American statesman and lawyer.

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Dean Rusk

David Dean Rusk (February 9, 1909December 20, 1994) was the United States Secretary of State from 1961 to 1969 under presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson.

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Dean Smith

Dean Edwards Smith (February 28, 1931 – February 7, 2015) was an American men's college basketball head coach.

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Defence minister

The title Defence Minister, Minister for Defence, Minister of National Defense, Secretary of Defence, Secretary of State for Defense or some similar variation, is assigned to the person in a cabinet position in charge of a Ministry of Defence, which regulates the armed forces in sovereign states.

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Denton Cooley

Denton Arthur Cooley (August 22, 1920 – November 18, 2016) was an American heart and cardiothoracic surgeon famous for performing the first implantation of a total artificial heart.

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Desmond Tutu

Desmond Mpilo Tutu (born 7 October 1931) is a South African Anglican cleric and theologian known for his work as an anti-apartheid and human rights activist.

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Detlev Bronk

Detlev Wulf Bronk (August 13, 1897 – November 17, 1975) was a prominent American scientist, educator, and administrator.

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DeWitt Wallace

DeWitt Wallace (born William Roy DeWitt Wallace; November 12, 1889 – March 30, 1981), was an American magazine publisher.

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Diana Ross

Diana Ernestine Ross (born March 26, 1944) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and record producer.

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Dick Cheney

Richard Bruce Cheney (born January 30, 1941) is an American politician and businessman who served as the 46th Vice President of the United States from 2001 to 2009.

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Director of Central Intelligence

The Office of United States Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) was the head of the American Central Intelligence Agency from 1946 to 2005, acting as the principal intelligence advisor to the President of the United States and the United States National Security Council, as well as the coordinator of intelligence activities among and between the various U.S. intelligence agencies (collectively known as the Intelligence Community from 1981 onwards).

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Distinguished Civilian Service Awards Board

The Distinguished Civilian Service Awards Board was a board created for recommending civilians for awards from the U.S. Federal government for distinguished service.

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Dolores Huerta

Dolores Clara Fernández Huerta (born April 10, 1930) is a Mexican-American labor leader and civil rights activist who, with Cesar Chavez, was the co-founder of the National Farmworkers Association, which later became the United Farm Workers (UFW).

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Donald Henderson

Donald Ainslie Henderson (September 7, 1928 – August 19, 2016) was an American medical doctor, educator, and epidemiologist who directed a 10-year international effort (1967–1977) that eradicated smallpox throughout the world and launched international childhood vaccination programs.

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Donald Rumsfeld

Donald Henry Rumsfeld (born July 9, 1932) is a retired American political figure and businessman.

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Donna Shalala

Donna Edna Shalala (born February 14, 1941) was the United States Secretary of Health and Human Services under President Bill Clinton from 1993 to 2001.

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Doris Day

Doris Day (born Doris Mary Ann Kappelhoff; April 3, 1922) is an American actress, singer, and animal welfare activist.

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Dorothy Height

Dorothy Irene Height (March 24, 1912 – April 20, 2010) was an American administrator and educator who worked as a civil rights and women's rights activist, specifically focused on the issues of African-American women, including unemployment, illiteracy, and voter awareness.

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Duke Ellington

Edward Kennedy "Duke" Ellington (April 29, 1899 – May 24, 1974) was an American composer, pianist, and bandleader of a jazz orchestra, which he led from 1923 until his death in a career spanning over fifty years.

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Dumas Malone

Dumas Malone (January 10, 1892 – December 27, 1986) was an American historian, biographer, and editor noted for his six-volume biography on Thomas Jefferson, Jefferson and His Time, for which he received the 1975 Pulitzer Prize for history.

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E. B. White

Elwyn Brooks White (July 11, 1899 – October 1, 1985) was an American writer and a world federalist.

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Earl Blaik

Earl Henry "Red" Blaik (February 15, 1897 – May 6, 1989) was an American football player, coach, college athletics administrator, and United States Army officer.

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Earl Warren

Earl Warren (March 19, 1891 – July 9, 1974) was an American jurist and politician who served as the 30th Governor of California (1943–1953) and later the 14th Chief Justice of the United States (1953–1969).

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Edgar Bronfman Sr.

Edgar Miles Bronfman (June 20, 1929 – December 21, 2013) was a Canadian-American businessman and philanthropist.

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Edgar Kaiser Sr.

Edgar Fosburgh Kaiser Sr. (July 29, 1908 – December 7, 1981) was an American industrialist, who was Chairman of Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corporation, the Kaiser Cement Corporation and the Kaiser Steel Corporation.

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Edgar Mitchell

Edgar Dean "Ed" Mitchell (September 17, 1930 – February 4, 2016) was a United States Navy officer and aviator, test pilot, aeronautical engineer, ufologist and NASA astronaut.

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Edgar Wayburn

Edgar Wayburn (September 17, 1906 – March 5, 2010) was an environmentalist who was elected president of the Sierra Club five times in the 1960s.

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Edmund Muskie

Edmund Sixtus Muskie (March 28, 1914March 26, 1996) was an American statesman and political leader who served as the 58th United States Secretary of State under President Jimmy Carter, a United States Senator from Maine from 1959 to 1980, the 64th Governor of Maine from 1955 to 1959, a member of the Maine House of Representatives from 1946 to 1951, and the Democratic Party's candidate for Vice President of the United States in the 1968 election.

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Edmund Wilson

Edmund Wilson (May 8, 1895 – June 12, 1972) was an American writer and critic who explored Freudian and Marxist themes.

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Eduardo J. Padrón

Eduardo José Padrón (born June 26, 1944) is the president of Miami Dade College (MDC).

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Edward Brooke

Edward William Brooke III (October 26, 1919 – January 3, 2015) was an American Republican politician.

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Edward J. DeBartolo Sr.

Edward John DeBartolo Sr. (May 17, 1909 – December 19, 1994) was an American businessman.

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Edward R. Murrow

Edward R. Murrow (born Egbert Roscoe Murrow; April 25, 1908 – April 27, 1965) was an American broadcast journalist and war correspondent.

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Edward R. Roybal

Edward Ross Roybal (February 10, 1916 – October 24, 2005) was a member of the Los Angeles City Council for thirteen years and of the U.S. House of Representatives for thirty years.

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Edward Steichen

Edward Jean Steichen (March 27, 1879 – March 25, 1973) was a Luxembourgish American photographer, painter, and art gallery and museum curator.

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Edward Teller

Edward Teller (Teller Ede; January 15, 1908 – September 9, 2003) was a Hungarian-American theoretical physicist who is known colloquially as "the father of the hydrogen bomb", although he claimed he did not care for the title.

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Edwin H. Land

Edwin Herbert Land, ForMemRS, FRPS, Hon.MRI (May 7, 1909 – March 1, 1991) was an American scientist and inventor, best known as the co-founder of the Polaroid Corporation.

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Elbert Tuttle

Elbert Parr Tuttle (July 17, 1897 – June 23, 1996), one of the "Fifth Circuit Four", and a Republican from Georgia, was chief judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit from 1960 to 1967, when that court became known for a series of decisions crucial in advancing the civil rights of African Americans during the Civil Rights Movement.

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Elie Wiesel

Eliezer "Elie" Wiesel (’Ēlí‘ézer Vízēl; September 30, 1928 – July 2, 2016) was a Romanian-born American Jewish writer, professor, political activist, Nobel Laureate, and Holocaust survivor.

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Ella Fitzgerald

Ella Jane Fitzgerald (April 25, 1917 – June 15, 1996) was an American jazz singer sometimes referred to as the First Lady of Song, Queen of Jazz, and Lady Ella.

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Ella T. Grasso

Ella Grasso (May 10, 1919 – February 5, 1981) was an American politician and member of the Democratic Party who served as the 83rd Governor of Connecticut from January 8, 1975 to December 31, 1980.

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Ellen DeGeneres

Ellen Lee DeGeneres (born January 26, 1958) is an American comedian, television host, actress, writer, producer, and LGBT activist.

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Ellen Johnson Sirleaf

Ellen Johnson Sirleaf (born 29 October 1938) is a Liberian politician who served as the 24th President of Liberia from 2006 to 2018.

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Elliot Richardson

Elliot Lee Richardson (July 20, 1920 December 31, 1999) was an American lawyer and politician who was a member of the cabinet of Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford.

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Ellsworth Bunker

Ellsworth F. Bunker (May 11, 1894 – September 27, 1984) was an American businessman and diplomat (including being the ambassador to Argentina, Italy, India, Nepal and South Vietnam).

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Elmo Zumwalt

Elmo Russell "Bud" Zumwalt Jr. (November 29, 1920 – January 2, 2000) was an American naval officer and the youngest man to serve as Chief of Naval Operations.

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Elouise P. Cobell

Elouise Pepion Cobell, also known as Yellow Bird Woman (November 5, 1945 – October 16, 2011) (Niitsítapi Blackfoot Confederacy) was a tribal elder and activist, banker, rancher, and lead plaintiff in the groundbreaking class-action suit Cobell v. Salazar (2009).

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Emilio Estefan

Emilio Estefan Gómez (born March 4, 1953) is a Cuban-American musician and producer of Lebanese Heritage.

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Eric Hoffer

Eric Hoffer (July 25, 1902 – May 21, 1983) was an American moral and social philosopher.

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Ernie Banks

Ernest Banks (January 31, 1931 – January 23, 2015), nicknamed "Mr.

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Estée Lauder (businesswoman)

Estée Lauder (July 1, 1908 – April 24, 2004) was an American businessperson.

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Esther Peterson

Esther Eggertsen Peterson (December 9, 1906 – December 20, 1997) was a lifelong consumer and women's advocate.

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Ethel Kennedy

Ethel Skakel Kennedy (born April 11, 1928) is an American human-rights campaigner and widow of Senator Robert F. Kennedy.

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Eubie Blake

James Hubert Blake (February 7, 1887February 12, 1983), known as Eubie Blake, was an American composer, lyricist, and pianist of ragtime, jazz, and popular music.

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Eudora Welty

Eudora Alice Welty (April 13, 1909 – July 23, 2001) was an American short story writer and novelist who wrote about the American South.

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Eugene Lang

Eugene Michael Lang (March 16, 1919 – April 8, 2017) was an American philanthropist who founded REFAC Technology Development Corporation in 1951.

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Eugene M. Locke

Eugene Murphy Locke (January 6, 1918 – April 28, 1972) was an American lawyer, businessman, politician, and diplomat from Dallas, Texas, who in 1967 was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

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Eugene Ormandy

Eugene Ormandy (born Jenő Blau; November 18, 1899 – March 12, 1985) was an Hungarian-American conductor and violinist, best known for his association with the Philadelphia Orchestra, as its music director.

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Eugene R. Black Sr.

Eugene "Gene" Robert Black Sr. (May 1, 1898 – February 20, 1992) was President of the World Bank from 1949 to 1963.

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Eunice Kennedy Shriver

Dame Eunice Mary Kennedy Shriver, DSG (July 10, 1921 – August 11, 2009) was a member of the Kennedy family; she was the sister of President John F. Kennedy and senators Robert F. Kennedy and Ted Kennedy.

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Evelyn Dubrow

Evelyn Dubrow (March 6, 1911, Passaic, New Jersey – June 20, 2006, Washington, D.C.) was a legendary labour lobbyist for the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union.

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Federal Emergency Management Agency

The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) is an agency of the United States Department of Homeland Security, initially created by Presidential Reorganization Plan No.

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Felix Frankfurter

Felix Frankfurter (November 15, 1882February 22, 1965) was an American lawyer, professor, and jurist who served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.

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Frances Hesselbein

Frances Hesselbein (born 1 November 1915) is the President and CEO of the Frances Hesselbein Leadership Institute (briefly known as the Leader to Leader Institute and founded as the Peter F. Drucker Foundation for Nonprofit Management) and is its Founding President.

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Francis Collins

Francis Sellers Collins (born April 14, 1950) is an American physician-geneticist who discovered the genes associated with a number of diseases and led the Human Genome Project.

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Frank Minis Johnson

Frank Minis Johnson Jr. (October 30, 1918 – July 23, 1999) was a United States District Judge and United States Circuit Judge serving 1955 to 1999 on the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama, United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit and United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit.

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Frank Reynolds

Frank James Reynolds (November 29, 1923 – July 20, 1983) was an American television journalist for CBS and ABC News.

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Frank Robinson

Frank Robinson (born August 31, 1935) is an American former Major League Baseball (MLB) outfielder and manager.

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Frank Sinatra

Francis Albert Sinatra (December 12, 1915 – May 14, 1998) was an American singer, actor, and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century.

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Fred Haise

Fred Wallace Haise Jr. (born November 14, 1933) is an American former NASA astronaut, fighter pilot with the U.S. Marine Corps and the U.S. Air Force and test pilot.

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Fred Korematsu

was an American civil rights activist who objected to the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II.

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Fred Rogers

Fred McFeely Rogers (March 20, 1928 – February 27, 2003) was an American television personality, musician, puppeteer, writer, producer, and Presbyterian minister.

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Frederick D. Patterson

Frederick Douglass Patterson (October 10, 1901 – April 26, 1988), born in Washington D.C. and orphaned at the age of two.

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Frederick Kappel

Frederick Kappel was an American businessman.

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Friedrich Hayek

Friedrich August von Hayek (8 May 189923 March 1992), often referred to by his initials F. A. Hayek, was an Austrian-British economist and philosopher best known for his defense of classical liberalism.

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Gardner C. Taylor

Gardner Calvin Taylor (June 18, 1918 – April 5, 2015) was an American preacher, noted for his eloquence and understanding of Christian faith and theology, and known as "the dean of American preaching".

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Gary Becker

Gary Stanley Becker (December 2, 1930 – May 3, 2014) was an American economist and empiricist.

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Gaylord Nelson

Gaylord Anton Nelson (June 4, 1916July 3, 2005) was an American politician and environmentalist from Wisconsin who served as a United States Senator and governor.

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Gene Kranz

Eugene Francis "Gene" Kranz (born August 17, 1933) is an American aerospace engineer, retired fighter pilot and a retired NASA Flight Director and manager.

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General (United States)

In the United States Army, United States Marine Corps, and United States Air Force, general (abbreviated as GEN in the Army or Gen in the Air Force and Marine Corps) is a four-star general officer rank, with the pay grade of O-10.

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General of the Army (United States)

General of the Army (abbreviated as GA) is a five-star general officer and the second highest possible rank in the United States Army.

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Genevieve Caulfield

Genevieve Caulfield (May 8, 1888 – December 12, 1972) was a blind American teacher, who started a school for blind people in Thailand.

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George Abbey

George William Samuel Abbey (born August 21, 1932) is a former director of the Johnson Space Center (JSC) and Fellow in Space Policy at the Baker Institute of Rice University.

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George Balanchine

George Balanchine (born Georgiy Melitonovich Balanchivadze; January 22, 1904April 30, 1983) was a choreographer.

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George F. Kennan

George Frost Kennan (February 16, 1904 – March 17, 2005) was an American diplomat and historian.

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George G. Higgins

Msgr. George Gilmary Higgins (January 21, 1916 – May 1, 2002) was an American labor activist known as the "labor priest".

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George H. W. Bush

George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 41st President of the United States from 1989 to 1993.

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George J. Mitchell

George John Mitchell Jr. (born August 20, 1933) is an American lawyer, businessman, author, and politician.

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George Low

George Michael Low (born George Wilhelm Low; June 10, 1926 – July 17, 1984) was a NASA administrator and 14th President of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.

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George McGovern

George Stanley McGovern (July 19, 1922 – October 21, 2012) was an American historian, author, U.S. Representative, U.S. Senator, and the Democratic Party presidential nominee in the 1972 presidential election.

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George Meany

William George Meany (August 16, 1894 – January 10, 1980) was an American labor union leader for 57 years.

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George P. Shultz

George Pratt Shultz (born December 13, 1920) is an American economist, elder statesman, and businessman.

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George Robertson, Baron Robertson of Port Ellen

George Islay MacNeill Robertson, Baron Robertson of Port Ellen, (born 12 April 1946) is a British Labour Party politician who was the tenth Secretary General of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation from 1999 to 2004; he succeeded Javier Solana in that position.

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George Tenet

George John Tenet (born January 5, 1953) is a former Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) for the United States Central Intelligence Agency as well as a Distinguished Professor in the Practice of Diplomacy at Georgetown University.

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George W. Taylor (professor)

George W. Taylor (July 10, 1901 – December 15, 1972) was a notable professor of industrial relations at the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania, and is credited with founding the academic field of study known as industrial relations.

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Georgia O'Keeffe

Georgia Totto O'Keeffe (November 15, 1887 – March 6, 1986) was an American artist.

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Gerald D. Griffin

Gerald D. "Gerry" Griffin (born December 25, 1934 in Athens, Texas) is an American aeronautical engineer and former NASA official, who served as flight director during Apollo program and director of Johnson Space Center, succeeding Chris Kraft in 1982.

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Gerald Ford

Gerald Rudolph Ford Jr. (born Leslie Lynch King Jr; July 14, 1913 – December 26, 2006) was an American politician who served as the 38th President of the United States from August 1974 to January 1977.

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Gerard C. Smith

Gerard Coad Smith (May 4, 1914 – July 4, 1994) was the chief U.S. delegate to the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) in 1969 and the first U.S. Chairman of the Trilateral Commission.

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Gerda Weissmann Klein

Gerda Weissmann Klein (born Gerda Weissmann, May 8, 1924, Bielsko, Poland) is a Polish American writer and human rights activist.

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Gilbert Melville Grosvenor

Gilbert Melville Grosvenor, born on May 5, 1931, became president and chairman of the National Geographic Society after having served as the editor of National Geographic Magazine.

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Ginetta Sagan

Ginetta Sagan (June 1, 1925 – August 25, 2000) was an Italian-born American human rights activist best known for her work with Amnesty International on behalf of prisoners of conscience.

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Gloria Estefan

Gloria Estefan (née Fajardo; born September 1, 1957) is a Cuban-American singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman.

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Gloria Steinem

Gloria Marie Steinem (born March 25, 1934) is an American feminist, journalist, and social political activist who became nationally recognized as a leader and a spokeswoman for the American feminist movement in the late 1960s and early 1970s.

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Glynn Lunney

Glynn Stephen Lunney (born November 27, 1936) is a retired NASA engineer.

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Golf

Golf is a club-and-ball sport in which players use various clubs to hit balls into a series of holes on a course in as few strokes as possible.

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Gordon B. Hinckley

Gordon Bitner Hinckley (June 23, 1910 – January 27, 2008) was an American religious leader and author who served as the 15th President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from March 12, 1995, until his death.

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Gordon Hirabayashi

was an American sociologist, best known for his principled resistance to the Japanese American internment during World War II, and the court case which bears his name, Hirabayashi v. United States.

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Gordon Moore

Gordon Earle Moore (born January 3, 1929) is an American businessman, engineer, co-founder and chairman emeritus of Intel Corporation, and the author of Moore's law.

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Governor (United States)

In the United States, a governor serves as the chief executive officer and commander-in-chief in each of the fifty states and in the five permanently inhabited territories, functioning as both head of state and head of government therein.

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Governor of Puerto Rico

The governor of Puerto Rico is the head of government of Puerto Rico and, by its nature, constitutes the executive branch of the government of the island.

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Grace Hopper

Grace Brewster Murray Hopper (December 9, 1906 – January 1, 1992) was an American computer scientist and United States Navy rear admiral.

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Gregory Peck

Eldred Gregory Peck (April 5, 1916 – June 12, 2003) was an American actor, one of the most popular film stars from the 1940s to the 1960s.

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Hank Aaron

Henry Louis Aaron (born February 5, 1934), nicknamed "Hammer" or "Hammerin' Hank", is a retired American Major League Baseball (MLB) right fielder who serves as the senior vice president of the Atlanta Braves.

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Hanna Holborn Gray

Hanna Holborn Gray (born October 25, 1930) is an American historian of Renaissance and Reformation political thought and Professor of History Emerita at the University of Chicago.

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Harold Brown (Secretary of Defense)

Harold Brown (born September 19, 1927) is an American scientist who served as U.S. Secretary of Defense from 1977 to 1981 in the cabinet of President Jimmy Carter.

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Harper Lee

Nelle Harper Lee (April 28, 1926February 19, 2016), better known by her pen name Harper Lee, was an American novelist widely known for To Kill a Mockingbird, published in 1960.

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Harry W. Shlaudeman

Harry Walter Shlaudeman (born 17 May 1926) was a United States diplomat.

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Harvey Milk

Harvey Bernard Milk (May 22, 1930 – November 27, 1978) was an American politician and the first openly gay elected official in the history of California, where he was elected to the San Francisco Board of Supervisors.

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Hector P. Garcia

Hector Perez Garcia (January 17, 1914 – July 26, 1996) was a Mexican-American physician, surgeon, World War II veteran, civil rights advocate, and founder of the American G.I. Forum.

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Helen B. Taussig

Helen Brooke Taussig (May 24, 1898 – May 20, 1986) was an American cardiologist, working in Baltimore and Boston, who founded the field of pediatric cardiology.

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Helen Hayes

Helen Hayes MacArthur (née Brown; October 10, 1900 – March 17, 1993) was an American actress whose career spanned 80 years.

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Helen Keller

Helen Adams Keller (June 27, 1880 – June 1, 1968) was an American author, political activist, and lecturer.

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Helmut Kohl

Helmut Josef Michael Kohl (3 April 1930 – 16 June 2017) was a German statesman who served as Chancellor of Germany from 1982 to 1998 (of West Germany 1982–1990 and of the reunited Germany 1990–1998) and as the chairman of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) from 1973 to 1998.

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Henry Ford II

Henry Ford II (September 4, 1917 – September 29, 1987), sometimes known as "HF2" or "Hank the Deuce", was the eldest son of Edsel Ford and eldest grandson of Henry Ford.

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Henry Friendly

Henry Jacob Friendly (July 3, 1903 – March 11, 1986) was a prominent judge in the United States, who sat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit from 1959 through 1974 (including service as chief judge from 1971 to 1973) and in senior status until his death in 1986.

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Henry Hyde

Henry John Hyde (April 18, 1924 – November 29, 2007), an American politician, was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from 1975 to 2007, representing the 6th District of Illinois, an area of Chicago's northwestern suburbs which included O'Hare International Airport.

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Henry Kissinger

Henry Alfred Kissinger (born Heinz Alfred Kissinger, May 27, 1923) is an American statesman, political scientist, diplomat and geopolitical consultant who served as the United States Secretary of State and National Security Advisor under the presidential administrations of Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford.

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Henry M. Jackson

Henry Martin "Scoop" Jackson (May 31, 1912 – September 1, 1983) was an American politician who served as a U.S. Representative (1941–1953) and U.S. Senator (1953–1983) from the state of Washington.

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Herbert H. Lehman

Herbert Henry Lehman (March 28, 1878 – December 5, 1963) was a Democratic Party politician from New York.

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Herblock

Herbert Lawrence Block, commonly known as Herblock (October13, 1909October7, 2001), was an American editorial cartoonist and author best known for his commentaries on national domestic and foreign policy.

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Horace M. Albright

Horace Marden Albright (January 6, 1890 – March 28, 1987) was an American conservationist.

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Howard Baker

Howard Henry Baker Jr. (November 15, 1925 June 26, 2014) was an American politician and diplomat who served as a Republican United States Senator from Tennessee, Senate Minority Leader, then Senate Majority Leader.

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Hubert Humphrey

Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr. (May 27, 1911January 13, 1978) was an American politician who served as the 38th Vice President of the United States from 1965 to 1969.

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Hyman G. Rickover

Admiral Hyman G. Rickover (January 27, 1900 – July 8, 1986), U.S. Navy, directed the original development of naval nuclear propulsion and controlled its operations for three decades as director of Naval Reactors.

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Iorwith Wilbur Abel

Iorwith Wilbur Abel (August 11, 1908 – August 10, 1987), better known as I.W. Abel, was an American labor leader.

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Irving Berlin

Irving Berlin (born Israel Beilin (Израиль Моисеевич Бейлин) Ministry of Culture, Russian Federation – September 22, 1989) was an American composer and lyricist, widely considered one of the greatest songwriters in American history.

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Irving Brown

Irving Brown (Bronx, October 5, 1911 – Paris, July 14, 1989) was an American trades-unionist, member of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) and then of the AFL-CIO, who played an important role in Western Europe and in Africa, during the Cold War, in supporting splits among trade-unions in order to counter Communist influence.

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Irving Kaufman

Irving Robert Kaufman (June 24, 1910 – February 1, 1992) was a federal judge in the United States.

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Irving Kristol

Irving Kristol (January 22, 1920 – September 18, 2009) was an American journalist who was dubbed the "godfather of neoconservatism".

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Isaac Stern

Isaac Stern (Исаа́к Соломо́нович Штерн; Isaak Solomonovich Shtern; 21 July 1920 – 22 September 2001) was an American violinist.

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Isabel Allende

Isabel Allende (born August 2, 1942) is a Chilean writer.

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Isolina Ferré

Isolina Ferré Aguayo (September 5, 1914 – August 3, 2000) was a Puerto Rican Roman Catholic religious sister.

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Itzhak Perlman

Itzhak Perlman (יצחק פרלמן; born 31 August 1945) is an Israeli-American violinist, conductor, and music teacher.

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J. Frank Dobie

James Frank Dobie (September 26, 1888 – September 18, 1964) was an American folklorist, writer, and newspaper columnist best known for his many books depicting the richness and traditions of life in rural Texas during the days of the open range.

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J. Willard Marriott

John Willard Marriott, Sr. (September 17, 1900 – August 13, 1985) was an American entrepreneur and businessman.

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J. William Fulbright

James William Fulbright (April 9, 1905 – February 9, 1995) was a United States Senator representing Arkansas from January 1945 until his resignation in December 1974.

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Jack Kemp

Jack French Kemp (July 13, 1935 – May 2, 2009) was an American politician and a professional gridiron football player.

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Jack Nicklaus

Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), nicknamed The Golden Bear, is a retired American professional golfer.

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Jack Swigert

John Leonard "Jack" Swigert Jr. (August 30, 1931 – December 27, 1982) was an American test pilot, mechanical and aerospace engineer, United States Air Force pilot, and NASA astronaut.

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Jackie Robinson

Jack Roosevelt Robinson (January 31, 1919 – October 24, 1972) was an American professional baseball player who became the first African American to play in Major League Baseball (MLB) in the modern era.

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Jacob Javits

Jacob Koppel Javits (May 18, 1904 – March 7, 1986) was an American politician who represented New York in both houses of Congress.

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Jacques Barzun

Jacques Martin Barzun (November 30, 1907October 25, 2012) was a French-American historian known for his studies of the history of ideas and cultural history.

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Jacques Cousteau

Jacques-Yves Cousteau (11 June 1910 – 25 June 1997) was a French naval officer, explorer, conservationist, filmmaker, innovator, scientist, photographer, author and researcher who studied the sea and all forms of life in water.

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James A. Michener

James Albert Michener (February 3, 1907 – October 16, 1997) was an American author of more than 40 books, most of which were fictional, lengthy family sagas covering the lives of many generations in particular geographic locales and incorporating solid history.

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James Baker

James Addison Baker III (born April 28, 1930) is an American attorney and political figure.

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James Brady

James Scott Brady (August 29, 1940 – August 4, 2014) was an assistant to the U.S. President and White House Press Secretary under President Ronald Reagan.

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James Bryant Conant

James Bryant Conant (March 26, 1893 – February 11, 1978) was an American chemist, a transformative President of Harvard University, and the first U.S. Ambassador to West Germany.

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James Burnham

James Burnham (November 22, 1905 – July 28, 1987) was an American philosopher and political theorist.

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James Cagney

James Francis Cagney Jr. (July 17, 1899March 30, 1986) was an American actor and dancer, both on stage and in film, though he had his greatest impact in film.

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James Chaney

James Earl Chaney (May 30, 1943 – June 21, 1964), from Meridian, Mississippi, was one of three American civil rights workers who was murdered during Freedom Summer by members of the Ku Klux Klan near Philadelphia, Mississippi.

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James E. Burke

James E. Burke (February 28, 1925 – September 28, 2012) was the chief executive officer (CEO) of Johnson & Johnson from 1976 to 1989, a company for which he worked forty years.

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James E. Cheek

James Edward Cheek (December 4, 1932 – January 8, 2010), president emeritus of Howard University, was born in Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina.

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James E. Webb

James Edwin Webb (October 7, 1906 – March 27, 1992) was an American government official who served as the second administrator of NASA from February 14, 1961 to October 7, 1968.

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James Farmer

James Leonard Farmer Jr. (January 12, 1920 – July 9, 1999) was a civil rights activist and leader in the Civil Rights Movement "who pushed for nonviolent protest to dismantle segregation, and served alongside Martin Luther King Jr." He was the initiator and organizer of the 1961 Freedom Ride, which eventually led to the desegregation of interstate transportation in the United States.

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James P. Grant

James P. "Jim" Grant (May 12, 1922 – January 28, 1995) was an American statesman and children's advocate.

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James Q. Wilson

James Quinn Wilson (May 27, 1931 – March 2, 2012) was an American academic, political scientist, and an authority on public administration.

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James Rouse

James Wilson Rouse (April 26, 1914 – April 9, 1996), founder of The Rouse Company, was a pioneering American real estate developer, urban planner, civic activist, and later, free enterprise-based philanthropist.

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James Stewart

James Maitland Stewart (May 20, 1908July 2, 1997) was an American actor and military officer who is among the most honored and popular stars in film history.

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James Taylor

James Vernon Taylor (born March 12, 1948) is an American singer-songwriter and guitarist.

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James Watson

James Dewey Watson (born April 6, 1928) is an American molecular biologist, geneticist and zoologist, best known as one of the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA in 1953 with Francis Crick and Rosalind Franklin.

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Jan Karski

Jan Karski (24 June 1914 – 13 July 2000) was a Polish World War II resistance-movement soldier, and later a professor at Georgetown University.

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Jan Nowak-Jeziorański

Jan Nowak-Jeziorański (2 October 1914 – 20 January 2005) was a Polish journalist, writer, politician, social worker and patriot.

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Janet Rowley

Janet Davison Rowley (April 5, 1925 – December 17, 2013) was an American human geneticist and the first scientist to identify a chromosomal translocation as the cause of leukemia and other cancers.

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Jasper Johns

Jasper Johns (born May 15, 1930) is an American painter, sculptor and printmaker whose work is associated with abstract expressionism, Neo-Dada, and pop art.

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Javier Pérez de Cuéllar

Javier Felipe Ricardo Pérez de Cuéllar de la Guerra KCMG (born January 19, 1920) is a Peruvian diplomat who served as the fifth Secretary-General of the United Nations from January 1, 1982 to December 31, 1991.

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Jean Kennedy Smith

Jean Ann Kennedy Smith (born February 20, 1928) is an American diplomat who served as United States Ambassador to Ireland from 1993 to 1998.

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Jean MacArthur

Jean Marie Faircloth MacArthur (December 28, 1898 – January 22, 2000) was the second wife of U.S. Army General of the Army Douglas MacArthur.

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Jean Monnet

Jean Omer Marie Gabriel Monnet (9 November 1888 – 16 March 1979) was a French political economist and diplomat.

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Jeane Kirkpatrick

Jeane Duane Kirkpatrick (née Jordan; November 19, 1926 – December 7, 2006) was an American diplomat and political scientist.

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Jerome H. Holland

Jerome Heartwell "Brud" Holland (January 9, 1916 – January 13, 1985), one of 13 children, was an American university president and diplomat.

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Jesse Jackson

Jesse Louis Jackson Sr. (né Burns; born October 8, 1941) is an American civil rights activist, Baptist minister, and politician.

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Jesse Owens

James Cleveland "Jesse" Owens (September 12, 1913March 31, 1980) was an American track and field athlete and four-time Olympic gold medalist in the 1936 Games.

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Jim Lovell

James Arthur Lovell Jr. (born March 25, 1928) is a former NASA astronaut, Naval Aviator, and retired Navy captain.

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Jimmy Carter

James Earl Carter Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 39th President of the United States from 1977 to 1981.

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Jimmy Doolittle

James Harold Doolittle (December 14, 1896 – September 27, 1993) was an American aviation pioneer.

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Joan Ganz Cooney

Joan Ganz Cooney (born Joan Ganz; November 30, 1929) is an American television producer.

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Joe Biden

Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. (born November 20, 1942) is an American politician who served as the 47th Vice President of the United States from 2009 to 2017.

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Joe DiMaggio

Joseph Paul DiMaggio (November 25, 1914 – March 8, 1999), nicknamed "Joltin' Joe" and "The Yankee Clipper", was an American baseball center fielder who played his entire 13-year career in Major League Baseball for the New York Yankees.

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Joe Medicine Crow

Joseph Medicine Crow (October 27, 1913 – April 3, 2016) was a war chief, author, and historian of the Crow Nation of Native Americans.

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John A. McCone

John Alexander McCone (January 4, 1902 – February 14, 1991) was an American businessman and politician who served as Director of Central Intelligence from 1961 to 1965, during the height of the Cold War.

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John Bardeen

John Bardeen (May 23, 1908 – January 30, 1991) was an American physicist and electrical engineer.

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John Chafee

John Lester Hubbard Chafee (October 22, 1922 – October 24, 1999) was an American politician.

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John Dingell

John David Dingell Jr. (born July 8, 1926) is an American politician who was a member of the United States House of Representatives from December 13, 1955, until January 3, 2015.

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John Doar

John Andrew Doar (December 3, 1921 – November 11, 2014) was an American lawyer and senior counsel with the law firm Doar Rieck Kaley & Mack in New York City.

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John F. Kennedy

John Fitzgerald "Jack" Kennedy (May 29, 1917 – November 22, 1963), commonly referred to by his initials JFK, was an American politician who served as the 35th President of the United States from January 1961 until his assassination in November 1963.

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John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts

The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (formally called the John F. Kennedy Memorial Center for the Performing Arts, and commonly referred to as the Kennedy Center) is the United States National Cultural Center, located on the Potomac River, adjacent to the Watergate complex in Washington, D.C., named in 1964 as a memorial to President John F. Kennedy.

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John Ford

John Ford (February 1, 1894 – August 31, 1973) was an American film director.

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John Franklin Enders

John Franklin Enders (February 10, 1897 – September 8, 1985) was an American biomedical scientist and Nobel Laureate.

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John Glenn

Colonel John Herschel Glenn Jr. (July 18, 1921 – December 8, 2016) was a United States Marine Corps aviator, engineer, astronaut, and United States Senator from Ohio.

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John H. Adams (NRDC)

John Hamilton Adams (born 1936) is the founding director and trustee of the Natural Resources Defense Council, founded in 1970.

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John H. Johnson

John Harold Johnson (January 19, 1918 – August 8, 2005) was an American businessman and publisher.

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John Hope Franklin

John Hope Franklin (January 2, 1915March 25, 2009) was an American historian of the United States and former president of Phi Beta Kappa, the Organization of American Historians, the American Historical Association, and the Southern Historical Association.

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John Howard

John Winston Howard, (born 26 July 1939) is a former Australian politician who served as the 25th Prime Minister of Australia, in office from 1996 to 2007.

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John J. McCloy

John Jay McCloy (born John Snader McCloy; March 31, 1895 – March 11, 1989) was an American lawyer and banker who served as Assistant Secretary of War during World War II.

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John Kenneth Galbraith

John Kenneth Galbraith (October 15, 1908 - April 29, 2006), also known as Ken Galbraith, was a Canadian-born economist, public official, and diplomat, and a leading proponent of 20th-century American liberalism.

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John L. Lewis

John Llewellyn Lewis (February 12, 1880 – June 11, 1969) was an American leader of organized labor who served as president of the United Mine Workers of America (UMW) from 1920 to 1960.

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John Lewis (civil rights leader)

John Robert Lewis (born February 21, 1940) is an American politician and is a prominent civil rights leader.

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John Macy

John Williams Macy Jr. (April 6, 1917 – December 22, 1986) was a United States Government administrator and civil servant.

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John Minor Wisdom

John Minor Wisdom (May 17, 1905 – May 15, 1999), one of the "Fifth Circuit Four", and a Republican from Louisiana, was a judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit during the 1950s and 1960s, when that court became known for a series of crucial decisions that advanced the goals of the Civil Rights Movement.

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John Paul Stevens

John Paul Stevens (born April 20, 1920) is an American lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1975 until his retirement in 2010.

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John Paul Vann

John Paul Vann (July 2, 1924 – June 9, 1972) was a lieutenant colonel in the United States Army, later retired, who became well known for his role in the Vietnam War.

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John Shalikashvili

John Malchase David Shalikashvili (ჯონ მალხაზ დავით შალიკაშვილი,; June 27, 1936 – July 23, 2011) was a United States Army general who served as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and Supreme Allied Commander from 1993 to 1997.

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John Steinbeck

John Ernst Steinbeck Jr. --> (February 27, 1902 – December 20, 1968) was an American author.

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John Sweeney (labor leader)

John Joseph Sweeney (born May 5, 1934) is a labor leader and served as president of the AFL-CIO from 1995 to 2009.

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John W. Gardner

John William Gardner (October 8, 1912 – February 16, 2002) was Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) under President Lyndon Johnson.

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John Wayne

Marion Mitchell Morrison (born Marion Robert Morrison; May 26, 1907 – June 11, 1979), known professionally as John Wayne and nicknamed "The Duke", was an American actor and filmmaker.

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John William Vessey Jr.

John William Vessey Jr. (June 29, 1922 – August 18, 2016) was a career officer in the United States Army.

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John Wooden

John Robert Wooden (October 14, 1910 – June 4, 2010) was an American basketball player and head coach at the University of California at Los Angeles.

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Johnny Carson

John William Carson (October 23, 1925 – January 23, 2005) was an American television host, comedian, writer, and producer.

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Jonas Salk

Jonas Edward Salk (October 28, 1914June 23, 1995) was an American medical researcher and virologist.

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Joseph Bernardin

Joseph Louis Bernardin (April 2, 1928 – November 14, 1996) was an American Cardinal of the Catholic Church.

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Joseph L. Rauh Jr.

Joseph Louis Rauh, Jr. (January 3, 1911 – September 3, 1992) was one of the United States' foremost civil rights and civil liberties lawyers.

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Joseph Lowery

Joseph Echols Lowery (born October 6, 1921) is an American minister in the United Methodist Church and leader in the Civil Rights Movement.

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Joseph Luns

Joseph Marie Antoine Hubert Luns (28 August 1911 – 17 July 2002) was a Dutch politician and diplomat of the defunct Catholic People's Party (KVP), now merged into the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA).

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Joseph Rochefort

Joseph John Rochefort (May 12, 1900 – July 20, 1976) was an American naval officer and cryptanalyst.

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Joshua Lederberg

Joshua Lederberg, ForMemRS (May 23, 1925 – February 2, 2008) was an American molecular biologist known for his work in microbial genetics, artificial intelligence, and the United States space program.

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Juan Trippe

Juan Terry Trippe (June 27, 1899 – April 3, 1981) was an American commercial aviation pioneer, entrepreneur and the founder of Pan American World Airways, one of the iconic airlines of the 20th century.

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Julia Child

Julia Carolyn Child (née McWilliams; August 15, 1912 – August 12, 2004) was an American chef, author and television personality.

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Juliette Gordon Low

Juliette Gordon Low (October 31, 1860 – January 17, 1927) was the founder of Girl Scouts of the USA.

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Justin Whitlock Dart

Justin Whitlock Dart, Sr. (August 17, 1907 – January 26, 1984) was an American businessman, considered the "boy wonder" of the drug store industry.

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Justin Whitlock Dart Jr.

Justin Whitlock Dart Jr. (August 29, 1930 – June 22, 2002) was an American activist and advocate for people with disabilities.

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Kareem Abdul-Jabbar

Kareem Abdul-Jabbar (born Ferdinand Lewis Alcindor Jr.; April 16, 1947) is an American retired professional basketball player who played 20 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Milwaukee Bucks and the Los Angeles Lakers.

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Karl Menninger

Karl Augustus Menninger (July 22, 1893 – July 18, 1990) was an American psychiatrist and a member of the Menninger family of psychiatrists who founded the Menninger Foundation and the Menninger Clinic in Topeka, Kansas.

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Kate Smith

Kathryn Elizabeth Smith (May 1, 1907 – June 17, 1986), known professionally as Kate Smith and The First Lady of Radio, was an American singer, a contralto, best known for her rendition of Irving Berlin's "God Bless America".

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Katharine Graham

Katharine Meyer "Kay" Graham (née Meyer; June 16, 1917 – July 17, 2001) was an American publisher and the first female publisher of a major American newspaper.

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Katherine Johnson

Katherine Coleman Goble Johnson (born August 26, 1918) is an African-American mathematician whose calculations of orbital mechanics as a NASA employee were critical to the success of the first and subsequent U.S. manned spaceflights.

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Kelly Johnson (engineer)

Clarence Leonard "Kelly" Johnson (February 27, 1910 – December 21, 1990) was an American aeronautical and systems engineer.

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Kirk Douglas

Kirk Douglas (born Issur Danielovitch, December 9, 1916) is an American actor, producer, director, and author.

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Lady Bird Johnson

Claudia Alta "Lady Bird" Johnson (née Taylor; December 22, 1912 – July 11, 2007) was an American socialite and the First Lady of the United States (1963–1969) as the wife of the 36th President of the United States, Lyndon B. Johnson.

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Lane Kirkland

Joseph Lane Kirkland (March 12, 1922 – August 14, 1999) was a US labor union leader who served as President of the AFL-CIO for over sixteen years.

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Laurance Rockefeller

Laurance Spelman Rockefeller (May 26, 1910 – July 11, 2004) was an American philanthropist, businessman, financier, and major conservationist.

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Laurence Silberman

Laurence Hirsch Silberman (born October 12, 1935) is a Senior United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit.

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Lech Wałęsa

Lech Wałęsa (born 29 September 1943) is a retired Polish politician and labour activist.

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Lee H. Hamilton

Lee Herbert Hamilton (born April 20, 1931) is a former member of the United States House of Representatives and currently a member of the U.S. Homeland Security Advisory Council.

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Lena Frances Edwards

Lena Frances Edwards (September 17, 1900 – December 3, 1986) was a New Jersey physician who was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

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Leo Cherne

Leo M. Cherne (September 8, 1912, The Bronx, New York – January 12, 1999) was an American economist, public servant, commentator, and an accomplished sculptor.

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Leon Sullivan

Leon Howard Sullivan (October 16, 1922 – April 24, 2001) was a Baptist minister, a civil rights leader and social activist focusing on the creation of job training opportunities for African Americans, a longtime General Motors Board Member, and an anti-Apartheid activist.

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Leontyne Price

Mary Violet Leontyne Price (born February 10, 1927) is an American soprano.

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Lew Wasserman

Lewis Robert Wasserman (March 22, 1913 – June 3, 2002) was an American talent agent and studio executive, sometimes credited with creating and later taking apart the studio system in a career spanning more than six decades.

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Lewis Mumford

Lewis Mumford (October 19, 1895 – January 26, 1990) was an American historian, sociologist, philosopher of technology, and literary critic.

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Lieutenant general (United States)

In the United States Army, United States Marine Corps, and the United States Air Force, lieutenant general (abbreviated LTG in the Army, Lt Gen in the Air Force, and LtGen in the Marine Corps) is a three-star general officer rank, with the pay grade of O-9.

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Lila Acheson Wallace

Lila Bell Wallace (December 25, 1889 – May 8, 1984) was an American magazine publisher and philanthropist.

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Lincoln Kirstein

Lincoln Edward Kirstein (May 4, 1907 – January 5, 1996) was an American writer, impresario, art connoisseur, philanthropist, and cultural figure in New York City, noted especially as co-founder of the New York City Ballet.

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Lloyd Bentsen

Lloyd Millard Bentsen Jr. (February 11, 1921 – May 23, 2006) was an American politician who was a four-term United States Senator (1971–1993) from Texas and the Democratic Party nominee for vice president in 1988 on the Michael Dukakis ticket.

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Loretta Lynn

Loretta Lynn (née Webb; born April 14, 1932) is an American country music singer-songwriter with multiple gold albums in a career spanning almost 60 years.

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Lorne Michaels

Lorne Michaels (born Lorne David Lipowitz; November 17, 1944) is a Canadian-American television producer, writer, comedian, and actor, best known for creating and producing Saturday Night Live, and producing the Late Night series (since 1993), The Kids in the Hall (from 1989 to 1995) and The Tonight Show (since 2014).

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Louis L'Amour

Louis Dearborn L'Amour (March 22, 1908 – June 10, 1988) was an American novelist and short-story writer.

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Lowell Thomas

Lowell Jackson Thomas (April 6, 1892 – August 29, 1981) was an American writer, broadcaster, and traveler, best remembered for publicising T. E. Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia).

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Lucia Chase

Lucia Chase (24 March 1897 in Waterbury, Connecticut – 9 January 1986 in New York City, United States) was an American dancer, actress, ballet director and also the co-founder of the American Ballet Theatre.

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Lucille Ball

Lucille Désirée Ball (August 6, 1911 – April 26, 1989) was an American actress, comedian, model, film-studio executive, and producer.

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Luis A. Ferré

Luis Alberto Ferré Aguayo (February 17, 1904 October 21, 2003) was an American engineer, industrialist, politician, philanthropist, and a patron of the arts.

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Luis Muñoz Marín

José Luis Alberto Muñoz Marín (February 18, 1898April 30, 1980) was the first elected governor of Puerto Rico, journalist, politician, and statesman, regarded as the "Father of Modern Puerto Rico" and the "Architect of the Commonwealth." In 1948 he was the first democratically elected Governor of Puerto Rico, spearheading an administration that engineered profound economic, political and social reforms; accomplishments that were internationally lauded by many politicians, statesmen, political scientists and economists of the period.

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Lyman Lemnitzer

Lyman Louis Lemnitzer (August 29, 1899 – November 12, 1988) was a United States Army general, who served as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from 1960 to 1962.

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Lyndon B. Johnson

Lyndon Baines Johnson (August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th President of the United States from 1963 to 1969, assuming the office after having served as the 37th Vice President of the United States from 1961 to 1963.

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Lynn Fontanne

Lynn Fontanne (6 December 1887 – 30 July 1983) was a British-born American-based actress for over 40 years.

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Mabel Mercer

Mabel Mercer (3 February 1900 – 20 April 1984) was an English-born cabaret singer who performed in the United States, Britain, and Europe with the greats in jazz and cabaret.

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Madeleine Albright

Madeleine Jana Korbel Albright (born May 15, 1937) is an American politician and diplomat.

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Malcolm Baldrige Jr.

Howard Malcolm "Mac" Baldrige Jr. (October 4, 1922July 25, 1987) was an American businessman.

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Manlio Brosio

Manlio Giovanni Brosio (July 10, 1897 – March 14, 1980) was an Italian lawyer, diplomat, politician and the fourth Secretary General of NATO between 1964 and 1971.

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Margaret Chase Smith

Margaret Madeline Chase Smith (December 14, 1897 – May 29, 1995) was a United States politician.

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Margaret Hamilton (scientist)

Margaret Heafield Hamilton (born Heafield on August 17, 1936) is an American computer scientist, systems engineer, and business owner.

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Margaret McNamara

Margaret Craig McNamara (August 22, 1915 – February 3, 1981) was the founder of the nonprofit children's literacy organization Reading is Fundamental and the wife of the United States Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara.

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Margaret Mead

Margaret Mead (December 16, 1901 – November 15, 1978) was an American cultural anthropologist who featured frequently as an author and speaker in the mass media during the 1960s and 1970s.

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Margaret Murie

Margaret Thomas "Mardy" Murie (August 18, 1902 – October 19, 2003) was a naturalist, author, adventurer, and conservationist.

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Margaret Thatcher

Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher, (13 October 19258 April 2013) was a British stateswoman who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1975 to 1990.

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Marian Anderson

Marian Anderson (February 27, 1897 – April 8, 1993) was an American singer.

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Marian Wright Edelman

Marian Wright Edelman (born June 6, 1939) is an American activist for the rights of children.

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Mario G. Obledo

Mario Guerra Obledo (April 9, 1932 – August 18, 2010) was an American civil rights leader.

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Mario J. Molina

Mario José Molina-Pasquel Henríquez (born March 19, 1943) is a Mexican chemist reputed for his pivotal role in the discovery of the Antarctic ozone hole.

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Marjory Stoneman Douglas

Marjory Stoneman Douglas (April 7, 1890 – May 14, 1998) was an American journalist, author, women's suffrage advocate, and conservationist known for her staunch defense of the Everglades against efforts to drain it and reclaim land for development.

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Marlo Thomas

Margaret Julia "Marlo" Thomas (born November 21, 1937) is an American actress, producer, author, and social activist known for starring on the sitcom That Girl (1966–1971) and her award-winning children's franchise Free to Be... You and Me.

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Martha Graham

Martha Graham (May 11, 1894 – April 1, 1991) was an American modern dancer and choreographer.

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Martha Raye

Martha Raye (August 27, 1916 – October 19, 1994) was an American comic actress and singer who performed in movies, and later on television.

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Martin Luther King Jr.

Martin Luther King Jr. (January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American Baptist minister and activist who became the most visible spokesperson and leader in the civil rights movement from 1954 until his death in 1968.

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Mary Lasker

Mary Woodard Lasker (November 30, 1900February 21, 1994) was an American health activist and philanthropist.

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Mary Robinson

Mary Therese Winifred Robinson (née Bourke; Máire Bean Mhic Róibín; born 21 May 1944) is an Irish Independent politician who served as the 7th President of Ireland, she was the first female to hold this office.

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Mathilde Krim

Mathilde Krim (מתילדה קרים; née Galland; July 9, 1926 – January 15, 2018) was a medical researcher and the founding chairman of amfAR, American Foundation for AIDS Research.

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Matthew Ridgway

General Matthew Bunker Ridgway (March 3, 1895 – July 26, 1993) was the 19th Chief of Staff of the United States Army.

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Max Kampelman

Max Kampelman, born Max Kampelmacher (November 7, 1920 – January 25, 2013), was an American diplomat.

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Maya Angelou

Maya Angelou (born Marguerite Annie Johnson; April 4, 1928 – May 28, 2014) was an American poet, singer, memoirist, and civil rights activist.

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Maya Lin

Maya Ying Lin (born October 5, 1959) is an American designer, architect and artist who is known for her work in sculpture and land art.

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McGeorge Bundy

McGeorge "Mac" Bundy (March 30, 1919 – September 16, 1996) was an American expert in foreign and defense policy, serving as United States National Security Advisor to Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson from 1961 through 1966.

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Medal of Freedom

The Medal of Freedom was a decoration established by President Harry S. Truman to honor civilians whose actions aided in the war efforts of the United States and its allies.

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Melinda Gates

Melinda Ann Gates (née French; born August 15, 1964) is an American philanthropist.

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Melvin Laird

Melvin Robert "Bom" Laird (September 1, 1922 – November 16, 2016) was an American politician, writer and statesman.

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Mercury-Atlas 6

Mercury-Atlas 6 (MA-6) was the third human spaceflight for the U.S. and part of Project Mercury.

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Meredith Willson

Robert Meredith Willson (May 18, 1902 – June 15, 1984) was an American composer and playwright, best known for writing the book, music, and lyrics for the hit Broadway musical The Music Man.

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Merriman Smith

Albert Merriman Smith (February 10, 1913 – April 13, 1970) was an American wire service reporter, notably serving as White House correspondent for United Press International and its predecessor, United Press.

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Meryl Streep

Mary Louise "Meryl" Streep (born June 22, 1949) is an American actress.

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Michael Collins (astronaut)

Michael Collins (born October 31, 1930) (Major General, USAF, Ret.) is an American former astronaut and test pilot.

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Michael DeBakey

Michael Ellis DeBakey (September 7, 1908 – July 11, 2008) was a Lebanese-American cardiac surgeon, scientist, and medical educator.

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Michael Jordan

Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February 17, 1963), also known by his initials, MJ, is an American former professional basketball player.

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Michael Schwerner

Michael Henry "Mickey" Schwerner (November 6, 1939 – June 21, 1964), was one of three Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) field/social workers killed in Philadelphia, Mississippi, by members of the Ku Klux Klan.

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Mike Mansfield

Michael Joseph Mansfield (March 16, 1903 – October 5, 2001) was an American politician and diplomat.

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Mildred Dresselhaus

Mildred Dresselhaus as a member of National Academy of Engineering in Electronics, Communication & Information Systems Engineering and Materials Engineering for contributions to the experimental studies of metals and semimetals, and to education.

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Mildred Jeffrey

Mildred McWilliams "Millie" Jeffrey (December 29, 1910 – March 24, 2004) was a political and social activist during the labor reforms, women's rights, and civil rights movements.

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Milton Friedman

Milton Friedman (July 31, 1912 – November 16, 2006) was an American economist who received the 1976 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for his research on consumption analysis, monetary history and theory, and the complexity of stabilization policy.

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Milton Windler

Milton "Milt" Windler is a retired NASA Flight Director.

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Minoru Yasui

was an American lawyer from Oregon.

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Mo Udall

Morris King Udall (June 15, 1922 – December 12, 1998) was an American politician who served as a U.S. Representative from Arizona from May 2, 1961 to May 4, 1991.

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Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives program

The Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives program under the Civil Affairs and Military Government Sections of the Allied armies was established in 1943 to help protect cultural property in war areas during and after World War II.

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Morris I. Leibman

Morris I. Leibman (d. April 21, 1992) was an American attorney.

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Mother Teresa

Mother Teresa, known in the Roman Catholic Church as Saint Teresa of Calcutta (born Anjezë Gonxhe Bojaxhiu,; 26 August 1910 – 5 September 1997), was an Albanian-Indian Roman Catholic nun and missionary.

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Mstislav Rostropovich

Mstislav Leopoldovich "Slava" Rostropovich (Мстисла́в Леопо́льдович Ростропо́вич, Mstislav Leopol'dovič Rostropovič,; 27 March 192727 April 2007) was a Soviet and Russian cellist and conductor.

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Muhammad Ali

Muhammad Ali (born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.; January 17, 1942 – June 3, 2016) was an American professional boxer, activist, and philanthropist.

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Muhammad Yunus

Muhammad Yunus (মুহাম্মদ ইউনূস; born 28 June 1940) is a Bangladeshi social entrepreneur, banker, economist, and civil society leader who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for founding the Grameen Bank and pioneering the concepts of microcredit and microfinance.

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Nancy Brinker

Nancy Goodman Brinker (born December 6, 1946) is the founder and Chair of Global Strategy of Susan G. Komen, an organization named after her only sister, Susan, who died from breast cancer in 1980 at age 36.

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Nancy Reagan

Nancy Davis Reagan (born Anne Frances Robbins; July 6, 1921 – March 6, 2016) was an American film actress and the wife of Ronald Reagan, the 40th President of the United States.

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NASA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.

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Natan Sharansky

Natan Sharansky (נתן שרנסקי, Ната́н Щара́нский, Натан Щаранський; born Anatoly Borisovich Shcharansky (Анато́лий Бори́сович Щара́нский, Анатолій Борисович Щаранський) on 20 January 1948) is an Israeli politician, human rights activist and author who, as a refusenik in the Soviet Union during the 1970s and 1980s, spent nine years in Soviet prisons.

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National Endowment for the Arts

The National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) is an independent agency of the United States federal government that offers support and funding for projects exhibiting artistic excellence.

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Neil Armstrong

Neil Alden Armstrong (August 5, 1930 – August 25, 2012) was an American astronaut and aeronautical engineer who was the first person to walk on the Moon.

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Nelson Mandela

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (18 July 1918 – 5 December 2013) was a South African anti-apartheid revolutionary, political leader, and philanthropist, who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999.

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Nelson Rockefeller

Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller (July 8, 1908 – January 26, 1979) was an American businessman and politician who served as the 41st Vice President of the United States from 1974 to 1977, and previously as the 49th Governor of New York (1959–1973).

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Newton N. Minow

Newton Norman "Newt" Minow (born January 17, 1926) is an American attorney and former Chair of the Federal Communications Commission.

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Norman Borlaug

Norman Ernest Borlaug (March 25, 1914September 12, 2009) was an American agronomist and humanitarian who led initiatives worldwide that contributed to the extensive increases in agricultural production termed the Green Revolution.

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Norman Francis

Dr.

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Norman Mineta

Norman Yoshio Mineta (born November 12, 1931) is an American politician.

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Norman Podhoretz

Norman Podhoretz (born January 16, 1930) is an American neoconservative pundit and writer for Commentary magazine.

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Norman Rockwell

Norman Percevel Rockwell (February 3, 1894 – November 8, 1978) was an American author, painter and illustrator.

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Norman Schwarzkopf Jr.

Herbert Norman Schwarzkopf Jr. (August 22, 1934 – December 27, 2012) was a United States Army general.

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Norman Vincent Peale

Norman Vincent Peale (May 31, 1898 – December 24, 1993) was an American minister and author known for his work in popularizing the concept of positive thinking, especially through his best-selling book The Power of Positive Thinking.

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Nun

A nun is a member of a religious community of women, typically living under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience in the enclosure of a monastery.

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Oliver Hill

Oliver White Hill, Sr. (May 1, 1907 – August 5, 2007) was an American civil rights attorney from Richmond, Virginia.

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Omar Bradley

General of the Army Omar Nelson Bradley (February 12, 1893 – April 8, 1981), nicknamed Brad, was a senior officer of the United States Army during and after World War II.

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Oprah Winfrey

Oprah Winfrey (born Orpah Gail Winfrey; January 29, 1954) is an American media proprietor, talk show host, actress, producer, and philanthropist.

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Pablo Casals

Pau Casals i Defilló (Catalan:; 29 December 187622 October 1973), usually known in English as Pablo Casals,, The New York Times, 1911-04-09, retrieved 2009-08-01 was a cellist, composer, and conductor from Catalonia, Spain.

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Pat Summitt

Patricia Sue Summitt (June 14, 1952 – June 28, 2016) was an American women's college basketball head coach who accrued 1,098 career wins, the most in college basketball history upon her retirement.

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Patricia Wald

Patricia McGowan Wald (born September 16, 1928) is an American judge.

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Patsy Mink

was an American lawyer and politician from the U.S. state of Hawaii.

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Paul Bremer

Lewis Paul Bremer III (born September 30, 1941) is an American diplomat.

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Paul Dudley White

Paul Dudley White (June 6, 1886 – October 31, 1973), American physician and cardiologist, was born in Roxbury, Massachusetts, the son of Herbert Warren White and Elizabeth Abigail Dudley.

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Paul G. Hoffman

Paul Gray Hoffman (April 26, 1891October 8, 1974) was an American automobile company executive, statesman, and global development aid administrator.

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Paul Harvey

Paul Harvey Aurandt (September 4, 1918 – February 28, 2009), better known as Paul Harvey, was an American radio broadcaster for the ABC Radio Networks.

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Paul Johnson (writer)

Paul Bede Johnson (born 2 November 1928) is an English journalist, popular historian, speechwriter, and author.

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Paul Nitze

Paul Henry Nitze (January 16, 1907 – October 19, 2004) was an American statesman who served as United States Deputy Secretary of Defense, U.S. Secretary of the Navy, and Director of Policy Planning for the U.S. State Department.

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Paul Rusesabagina

Paul Rusesabagina (born 15 June 1954) is a Rwandan humanitarian who, while working as a house manager at the Hôtel des Mille Collines in Kigali, hid and protected 1,200 Hutu and Tutsi refugees from the Interahamwe militia during the Rwandan genocide.

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Pearl Bailey

Pearl Mae Bailey (March 29, 1918 – August 17, 1990) was an American actress and singer.

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Pedro José Greer

Pedro José Greer Jr. (born June 15, 1956 in Miami, Florida) is an American physician of Cuban descent.

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Peggy Charren

Peggy Sundelle Charren (née Walzer; March 9, 1928 – January 22, 2015) was an American activist, known as the founder of Action for Children's Television (ACT), a national child advocacy organization, in 1968.

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Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington

Peter Alexander Rupert Carington, 6th Baron Carrington, (born 6 June 1919) is a British Conservative politician and hereditary peer who served as Defence Secretary between 1970 and 1974, Foreign Secretary between 1979 and 1982, chairman of General Electric between 1983 and 1984, and Secretary General of NATO from 1984 to 1988.

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Peter Drucker

Peter Ferdinand Drucker (November 19, 1909 – November 11, 2005) was an Austrian-born American management consultant, educator, and author, whose writings contributed to the philosophical and practical foundations of the modern business corporation.

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Peter Pace

Peter Pace (born November 5, 1945) is a United States Marine Corps general who served as the 16th Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

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Philip Habib

Philip Charles Habib (February 25, 1920 – May 25, 1992) was an American career diplomat.

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Plácido Domingo

José Plácido Domingo Embil, (born 21 January 1941), known as Plácido Domingo, is a Spanish tenor, conductor and arts administrator.

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Pope

The pope (papa from πάππας pappas, a child's word for "father"), also known as the supreme pontiff (from Latin pontifex maximus "greatest priest"), is the Bishop of Rome and therefore ex officio the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church.

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Pope John Paul II

Pope John Paul II (Ioannes Paulus II; Giovanni Paolo II; Jan Paweł II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła;; 18 May 1920 – 2 April 2005) served as Pope and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 to 2005.

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Pope John XXIII

Pope John XXIII (Ioannes; Giovanni; born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli,; 25 November 18813 June 1963) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014.

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President of the United States

The President of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America.

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Presidential Medal of Freedom

The Presidential Medal of Freedom is an award bestowed by the President of the United States and is—along with the comparable Congressional Gold Medal—the highest civilian award of the United States.

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Press release

A press release, news release, media release, press statement or video release is a written or recorded communication directed at members of the news media for the purpose of announcing something ostensibly newsworthy.

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Rachel Carson

Rachel Louise Carson (May 27, 1907 – April 14, 1964) was an American marine biologist, author, and conservationist whose book Silent Spring and other writings are credited with advancing the global environmental movement.

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Ralph Bunche

Ralph Johnson Bunche (August 7, 1904 December 9, 1971) was an American political scientist, academic, and diplomat who received the 1950 Nobel Peace Prize for his late 1940s mediation in Israel.

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Ralph Ellison

Ralph Waldo Ellison (March 1, 1913 – April 16, 1994) was an American novelist, literary critic, and scholar.

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Ralph McGill

Ralph Emerson McGill (February 5, 1898 – February 3, 1969) was an American journalist, best known as an anti-segregationist editor and publisher of the Atlanta Constitution newspaper.

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Raymond Moley

Raymond Charles Moley (September 27, 1886 – February 18, 1975) was an American political economist.

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Rear admiral (United States)

Rear admiral in the United States refers to two different ranks of commissioned officers — one-star flag officers and two-star flag officers.

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Reinhold Niebuhr

Karl Paul Reinhold Niebuhr (June 21, 1892June 1, 1971) was an American theologian, ethicist, commentator on politics and public affairs, and professor at Union Theological Seminary for more than 30 years.

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Richard Garwin

Richard Lawrence Garwin (born April 19, 1928) is an American physicist, widely known to be the author of the first hydrogen bomb design.

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Richard Lugar

Richard Green Lugar (born April 4, 1932) is an American politician who served as a United States Senator from Indiana from 1977 to 2013 as a member of the Republican Party.

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Richard Myers

Richard Bowman Myers (born March 1, 1942) is the 14th president of Kansas State University and a retired four-star general in the United States Air Force and served as the 15th Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.

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Richard Petty

Richard Lee Petty (born July 2, 1937), nicknamed The King, is a former NASCAR driver who raced in the Strictly Stock/Grand National Era and the NASCAR Winston Cup Series.

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Rita Moreno

Rita Moreno (born December 11, 1931) is a Puerto Rican actress, dancer and singer.

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Robert A. Lovett

Robert Abercrombie Lovett (September 14, 1895May 7, 1986) was the fourth United States Secretary of Defense, having been promoted to this position from Deputy Secretary of Defense.

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Robert Bartley

Robert Leroy Bartley (October 12, 1937 – December 10, 2003) was the editor of the editorial page of The Wall Street Journal for more than 30 years.

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Robert Coles

Robert Coles (born October 12, 1929) is an American author, child psychiatrist, and professor emeritus at Harvard University.

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Robert Conquest

George Robert Acworth Conquest, CMG, OBE, FBA, FAAAS, FRSL, FBIS (15 July 1917 – 3 August 2015) was an English-American historian, propagandist and poet.

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Robert De Niro

Robert Anthony De Niro Jr. (born August 17, 1943) is an American actor, producer, and director.

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Robert Gates

Robert Michael Gates (born September 25, 1943) is an American statesman, scholar, intelligence analyst, and university president who served as the 22nd United States Secretary of Defense from 2006 to 2011.

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Robert H. Michel

Robert Henry 'Bob' Michel (pronounced "Michael"; March 2, 1923 – February 17, 2017) was an American Republican Party politician who was a member of the United States House of Representatives for 38 years.

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Robert J. H. Kiphuth

Robert John Herman "Bob" Kiphuth (November 17, 1890 – January 7, 1967) was born in Tonawanda, New York and is best known for his 41-year career as head coach of the Yale University men's swim team, from 1918 to 1959.

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Robert Komer

Robert William "Blowtorch Bob" Komer (February 23, 1922 – April 9, 2000) was a key figure in the pacification effort to win South Vietnamese "hearts and minds" during the Vietnam War, heading Civil Operations and Revolutionary Development Support.

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Robert McNamara

Robert Strange McNamara (June 9, 1916 – July 6, 2009) was an American business executive and the eighth Secretary of Defense, serving from 1961 to 1968 under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson.

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Robert Penn Warren

Robert Penn Warren (April 24, 1905 – September 15, 1989) was an American poet, novelist, and literary critic and was one of the founders of New Criticism.

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Robert Redford

Charles Robert Redford Jr. (born August 18, 1936) is an American actor, director, producer, businessman, environmentalist, and philanthropist.

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Robert S. Strauss

Robert Schwarz Strauss (October 19, 1918 – March 19, 2014) was a figure in American politics and diplomacy whose service dates back to future president Lyndon Johnson’s first congressional campaign in 1937.

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Robert Solow

Robert Merton Solow, GCIH (born August 23, 1924), is an American economist, particularly known for his work on the theory of economic growth that culminated in the exogenous growth model named after him.

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Roberta Wohlstetter

Roberta Mary Morgan, better known by her married name of Roberta Wohlstetter, (August 22, 1912 - January 6, 2007), was one of America's most important historians of military intelligence.

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Roberto Clemente

Roberto Enrique Clemente Walker (August 18, 1934 – December 31, 1972) was a Puerto Rican professional baseball right fielder who played 18 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Pittsburgh Pirates.

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Roger L. Stevens

Roger Lacey Stevens (March 12, 1910 – February 2, 1998) was an American theatrical producer, arts administrator, and a real estate executive.

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Roger Nash Baldwin

Roger Nash Baldwin (January 21, 1884 – August 26, 1981) was one of the founders of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU).

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Roger Tory Peterson

Roger Tory Peterson (August 28, 1908 – July 28, 1996) was an American naturalist, ornithologist, artist, and educator, and held to be one of the founding inspirations for the 20th-century environmental movement.

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Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago

The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago (Archidioecesis Chicagiensis) was established as a diocese in 1843 and elevated to an archdiocese in 1880.

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Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York

The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York is a Latin Catholic archdiocese in New York State.

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Ronald Reagan

Ronald Wilson Reagan (February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was an American politician and actor who served as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989.

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Rosa Parks

Rosa Louise McCauley Parks (February 4, 1913 – October 24, 2005) was an activist in the civil rights movement best known for her pivotal role in the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

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Rosalynn Carter

Eleanor Rosalynn Carter (née Smith; born August 18, 1927) served as First Lady of the United States from 1977 to 1981, as the wife of President Jimmy Carter.

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Roy Wilkins

Roy Ottoway Wilkins (August 30, 1901 – September 8, 1981) was a prominent activist in the Civil Rights Movement in the United States from the 1930s to the 1970s.

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Rudolf Serkin

Rudolf Serkin (28 March 1903 – 8 May 1991) was a Bohemian-born pianist.

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Russell E. Train

Russell Errol Train (June 4, 1920 – September 17, 2012) was the second administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), from September 1973 to January 1977 and the founder chairman emeritus of World Wildlife Fund (WWF).

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Ruth Johnson Colvin

Ruth Johnson Colvin (born December 16, 1916) is the founder of the non-profit organization Literacy Volunteers of America, now called ProLiteracy Worldwide in Syracuse, New York, in 1962.

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Ryan Crocker

Ryan Clark Crocker (born June 19, 1949) is a former career ambassador within the United States Foreign Service and a recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

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Sally Ride

Sally Kristen Ride (May 26, 1951 – July 23, 2012) was an American engineer, physicist and astronaut.

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Sam Walton

Samuel Moore Walton (March 29, 1918 – April 5, 1992) was an American businessman and entrepreneur best known for founding the retailers Walmart and Sam's Club.

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Samuel Eliot Morison

Samuel Eliot Morison (July 9, 1887 – May 15, 1976) was an American historian noted for his works of maritime history and American history that were both authoritative and popular.

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Samuel Goldwyn

Samuel Goldwyn (born Szmuel Gelbfisz; שמואל געלבפֿיש; c. August 27, 1879 – January 31, 1974), also known as Samuel Goldfish, was a Polish American film producer of Jewish descent.

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Sandra Day O'Connor

Sandra Day O'Connor (born March 26, 1930) is a retired Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, having served from her appointment in 1981 by Ronald Reagan until 2006.

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Sargent Shriver

Robert Sargent Shriver Jr. (November 9, 1915 – January 18, 2011) was an American diplomat, politician and activist.

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Secretary General of NATO

The Secretary General of NATO (Secrétaire général de l'OTAN) is an international diplomat who serves as the chief civil servant of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).

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Secretary-General of the United Nations

The Secretary-General of the United Nations (UNSG or just SG) is the head of the United Nations Secretariat, one of the six principal organs of the United Nations.

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Shimon Peres

Shimon Peres (שמעון פרס,; born Szymon Perski; August 2, 1923 – September 28, 2016) was an Israeli politician who served as the ninth President of Israel (2007–2014), the Prime Minister of Israel (twice), and the Interim Prime Minister, in the 1970s to the 1990s.

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Shirley Chisholm

Shirley Anita Chisholm (née St. Hill; November 30, 1924 – January 1, 2005) was an American politician, educator, and author.

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Sidney Hook

Sidney Hook (December 20, 1902 – July 12, 1989) was an American philosopher of the Pragmatist school known for his contributions to the philosophy of history, the philosophy of education, political theory, and ethics.

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Sidney Poitier

Sir Sidney Poitier, (born February 20, 1927) is a Bahamian-American actor, film director, author, and diplomat.

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Simon Ramo

Simon "Si" Ramo (May 7, 1913 – June 27, 2016) was an American engineer, businessman, and author.

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Simon Wiesenthal

Simon Wiesenthal (31 December 190820 September 2005) was a Jewish Austrian Holocaust survivor, Nazi hunter, and writer.

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Sol Linowitz

Sol Myron Linowitz (December 7, 1913 – March 18, 2005) was an American diplomat, lawyer, and businessman.

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Sonny Montgomery

Gillespie V. "Sonny" Montgomery (August 5, 1920 – May 12, 2006) was an American politician from Mississippi who served in the U.S. House of Representatives 1967–1997.

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Southwest Voter Registration Education Project

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Space Shuttle Challenger

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Stan Musial

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State Counsellor of Myanmar

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Stephen Hawking

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Stephen Sondheim

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Steven Spielberg

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Stevie Wonder

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Strom Thurmond

James Strom Thurmond Sr.

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STS-41-G

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STS-7

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STS-95

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Suzan Shown Harjo

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Sylvia Mendez

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T. S. Eliot

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Ted Kennedy

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Ted Williams

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Tennessee Ernie Ford

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Tennessee Williams

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Tennis

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Terence Cooke

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Tex Thornton

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The Reverend

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Theodore Hesburgh

Rev.

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Thomas Watson Jr.

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Thornton Wilder

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Thurgood Marshall

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Tip O'Neill

Thomas Phillip "Tip" O'Neill Jr.

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Tom Brokaw

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Tom Hanks

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Tom Lantos

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Tom Little (optometrist)

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Tommy Franks

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Toni Morrison

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Tony Blair

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Tragedy Assistance Program for Survivors

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Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations

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United States Deputy Secretary of Defense

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United States House of Representatives

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United States Senate

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University of California, Santa Barbara

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Van Cliburn

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Vartan Gregorian

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Václav Havel

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Vermont C. Royster

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Vernon A. Walters

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Vietnam Veterans Memorial

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Vin Scully

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Vint Cerf

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Vladimir Horowitz

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W. Averell Harriman

William Averell Harriman (November 15, 1891July 26, 1986) was an American Democratic politician, businessman, and diplomat.

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Walker Hancock

Walker Kirtland Hancock (June 28, 1901 – December 30, 1998) was an American sculptor and teacher.

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Walt Disney

Walter Elias Disney (December 5, 1901December 15, 1966) was an American entrepreneur, animator, voice actor and film producer.

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Walt Whitman Rostow

Walt Whitman Rostow (also known as Walt Rostow or W.W. Rostow) (October 7, 1916 – February 13, 2003) was an American economist and political theorist who served as Special Assistant for National Security Affairs to US President Lyndon B. Johnson from 1966 to 1969.

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Walter Annenberg

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Walter Cronkite

Walter Leland Cronkite Jr. (November 4, 1916 – July 17, 2009) was an American broadcast journalist who served as anchorman for the CBS Evening News for 19 years (1962–1981).

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Walter Judd (politician)

Walter Henry Judd (September 25, 1898 – February 13, 1994), Chinese name is 周以德, was an American politician and physician, best known for his battle in Congress (1943–63) to define the conservative position on China as all-out support for the Nationalists under Chiang Kai-shek and opposition to the Communists under Mao Zedong.

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Walter Lippmann

Walter Lippmann (September 23, 1889 – December 14, 1974) was an American writer, reporter, and political commentator famous for being among the first to introduce the concept of Cold War, coining the term "stereotype" in the modern psychological meaning, and critiquing media and democracy in his newspaper column and several books, most notably his 1922 book Public Opinion.

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Walter Reuther

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Walter Wriston

Walter Bigelow Wriston (August 3, 1919 – January 19, 2005) was a banker and former chairman and CEO of Citicorp.

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Warren Buffett

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Warren Christopher

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Warren E. Burger

Warren Earl Burger (September 17, 1907 – June 25, 1995) was the 15th Chief Justice of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1986.

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Wesley Clark

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White House

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White House Press Secretary

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Whitney Young

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Whittaker Chambers

Jay Vivian Chambers (April 1, 1901 – July 9, 1961), known as Whittaker Chambers, was an American editor who denounced his Communist spying and became respected by the American Conservative movement during the 1950s.

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Will Durant

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Willem de Kooning

Willem de Kooning (April 24, 1904 – March 19, 1997) was a Dutch abstract expressionist artist.

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William B. Walsh

William Bertalan Walsh, M.D. (April 26, 1920 – December 27, 1996) was the founder of Project HOPE (USA).

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William F. Buckley Jr.

William Frank Buckley Jr. (born William Francis Buckley; November 24, 1925 – February 27, 2008) was an American conservative author and commentator.

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William Foege

William Herbert Foege M.D., M.P.H. (born March 12, 1936) is an American epidemiologist who is credited with "devising the global strategy that led to the eradication of smallpox in the late 1970s".

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William H. Webster

William Hedgcock Webster (born March 6, 1924) is an American attorney, jurist, and current Chairman of the Homeland Security Advisory Council.

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William Hopkins (architect)

William Jeffrey Hopkins (1820–1901) was a British architect.

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William J. Brennan Jr.

William Joseph Brennan Jr. (April 25, 1906 – July 24, 1997) was an American judge who served as an Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court from 1956 to 1990.

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William J. Crowe

William James Crowe Jr. (January 2, 1925October 18, 2007) was a United States Navy admiral who served as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff under Presidents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush, and as the ambassador to the United Kingdom under President Bill Clinton.

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William P. Rogers

William Pierce Rogers (June 23, 1913 – January 2, 2001) was an American politician, diplomat, and lawyer.

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William Perry

William James Perry (born October 11, 1927) is an American mathematician, engineer, and businessman who was the United States Secretary of Defense from February 3, 1994, to January 23, 1997, under President Bill Clinton.

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William Ruckelshaus

William Doyle Ruckelshaus (born July 24, 1932) is an American attorney and former U.S. government official.

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William Safire

William Lewis Safir (December 17, 1929 – September 27, 2009), better known as William SafireSafire, William (1986).

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William Thaddeus Coleman Jr.

William Thaddeus "Bill" Coleman Jr. (July 7, 1920 – March 31, 2017) was an American attorney and politician.

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Willie Mays

Willie Howard Mays, Jr. (born May 6, 1931), nicknamed "The Say Hey Kid", is an American former Major League Baseball (MLB) center fielder who spent almost all of his 22-season career playing for the New York/San Francisco Giants, before finishing with the New York Mets.

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Wilma Mankiller

Wilma Pearl Mankiller (November 18, 1945 – April 6, 2010) was a community organizer and the first woman elected to serve as chief of the Cherokee Nation.

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Yo-Yo Ma

Yo-Yo Ma (born October 7, 1955) is a French-born American cellist.

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Yogi Berra

Lawrence Peter "Yogi" Berra (May 12, 1925 – September 22, 2015) was an American professional baseball catcher, who later took on the roles of manager and coach.

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Zachary Fisher

Zachary Fisher (September 26, 1910 – June 4, 1999) was an American philanthropist and businessman.

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Zbigniew Brzezinski

Zbigniew Kazimierz "Zbig" Brzezinski (March 28, 1928 – May 26, 2017) was a Polish-American diplomat and political scientist.

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Redirects here:

List of notable Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients, Recipients of medal of freedom.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom_recipients

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