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173 relations: Abraham Zelmanov, Accretion (astrophysics), Accretion disk, Active SETI, Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Mikhailov, Aleksandr Chudakov, Aleksandr Leonidovich Zaitsev, Alexander A. Gurshtein, Alexander Dubyago, Alexander Friedmann, Alexander Vyssotsky, Alexei Fridman, Anders Johan Lexell, Andrei Doroshkevich, Andrei Linde, Andrei Severny, Andrejs Auzāns, Aristarkh Belopolsky, Armenia, Asteroid, Astronomer, Astronomical spectroscopy, Astrophysics, Atmosphere of Venus, Avenir Aleksandrovich Yakovkin, Benjamin Jekhowsky, Benjamin Markarian, Big Bang nucleosynthesis, BKL singularity, Black hole, Boris Numerov, Boris Vorontsov-Velyaminov, Byurakan Observatory, Celestial mechanics, Cepheid variable, Comet, Cosmic Call, Cosmic dust, Cosmic microwave background, Cosmic ray, Cosmology, Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, Denis Denisenko, Dmitry Dmitrievich Maksutov, Dmitry Dubyago, Doppler effect, Double star, Einstein field equations, Elena V. Pitjeva, Eternal inflation, ..., Evgeny Lifshitz, Expansion of the universe, Extraterrestrial life, Felix Ziegel, Feodosy Krasovsky, Florensky (crater), Friedmann equations, Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric, Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve, Fyodor Bredikhin, Galactic astronomy, Gamow factor, Gavriil Adrianovich Tikhov, General relativity, Gennady S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan, George Gamow, George Volkoff, Georgij A. Krasinsky, Grigory Neujmin, Grigory Shajn, Igor Belkovich, Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov, Iosif Shklovsky, Isaak Markovich Khalatnikov, Ivan Yarkovsky, Jacob Bruce, Kardashev scale, Kaspar Gottfried Schweizer, Kirill Florensky, Kronid Lyubarsky, List of astronomers, List of minor planets: 10001–11000, List of minor planets: 1001–2000, List of minor planets: 5001–6000, List of Russian inventors, List of Russian scientists, Lyudmila Chernykh, Lyudmila Karachkina, Lyudmila Zhuravleva, Maksutov telescope, Marian Albertovich Kowalski, Markarian's Chain, Matvei Petrovich Bronstein, Matvey Gusev, Meteor shower, Meteoroid, Mikhail Lomonosov, Mikhail Lyapunov, Milky Way, Moon, Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies, Naum Idelson, Nebular hypothesis, Neutron star, Nikolai Aleksandrovich Kozyrev, Nikolai Chernykh, Nikolai Kardashev, Nikolai P. Barabashov, Nikolai Shakura, Nikolay Moiseyev, Novikov self-consistency principle, Observatory, Otto Struve, Otto Wilhelm von Struve, Pavel Petrovich Parenago, Planetesimal, Pulkovo Observatory, Quantum tunnelling, Quasar, Radar astronomy, Radio astronomy, Rashid Sunyaev, Russia, Russian Empire, Science and technology in Russia, Semion Braude, Sergei Alexandrovich Zhevakin, Sergey Belyavsky, Sergey Blazhko, Sergey Glazenap, SK-42 reference system, Solar flare, Solomon Pikelner, Soviet Union, Spectrograph, Stellar dynamics, Stellar kinematics, Stellar nucleosynthesis, Stellar rotation, Struve family, Struve Geodetic Arc, Sukharev Tower, Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, Tamara Smirnova, Tashkent, Tateos Agekian, Teen Age Message, Tien Shan Astronomical Observatory, Time travel, Ufology, Universe, Uranus, Van Allen radiation belt, Vasily Engelhardt, Vasily Fesenkov, Victor Ambartsumian, Viktor Knorre, Viktor Safronov, Vitaly Ginzburg, Vladimir Albitsky, Vladimir Belinski, Vladislav Shevchenko (astronomer), X-ray binary, Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich, Yarkovsky effect, Yarkovsky–O'Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack effect, Yevgeny Krinov, Yevgeny Perepyolkin, 3063 Makhaon, 74P/Smirnova–Chernykh, 762 Pulcova, 857 Glasenappia, 951 Gaspra. Expand index (123 more) »
Abraham Zelmanov
Abraham Zelmanov (May 15, 1913 – February 2, 1987), was a prominent scientist working in the General Theory of Relativity and cosmology.
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Accretion (astrophysics)
In astrophysics, accretion is the accumulation of particles into a massive object by gravitationally attracting more matter, typically gaseous matter, in an accretion disk.
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Accretion disk
An accretion disk is a structure (often a circumstellar disk) formed by diffused material in orbital motion around a massive central body.
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Active SETI
Active SETI (Active Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence) is the attempt to send messages to intelligent extraterrestrial life.
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Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Mikhailov
Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Mikhailov (April 26 (N.S. date, April 14 O.S.), 1888, Morshansk - September 29, 1983) was a Russian astronomer who was a member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences.
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Aleksandr Chudakov
Aleksandr Evgenievich Chudakov (16 June 1921 – 25 January 2001, Moscow) was a Soviet Russian physicist in the field of cosmic-ray physics, known for Chudakov Effect, the effect of decreasing ionization losses for narrow electron-positron pairs and for experimentally confirming existence of the transition radiation.
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Aleksandr Leonidovich Zaitsev
Aleksandr Leonidovich Zaitsev (Александр Леонидович Зайцев; born May 19, 1945) is a Russian and Soviet radio engineer and astronomer from Fryazino.
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Alexander A. Gurshtein
Alexander A. Gurshtein (Александр А. Гурштейн, Aleksandr A. Gurshteĭn;.1937) is a Russian astronomer and historian of science.
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Alexander Dubyago
Alexander Dmitriyevich Dubyago (Александр Дмитриевич Дубяго in Russian) (December 5(18), 1903, Kazan - October 29, 1959, Kazan) was a Soviet astronomer and expert in theoretical astrophysics.
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Alexander Friedmann
Alexander Alexandrovich Friedmann (also spelled Friedman or Fridman; Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Фри́дман) (June 16, 1888 – September 16, 1925) was a Russian and Soviet physicist and mathematician.
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Alexander Vyssotsky
Alexander Nikolayevich Vyssotsky (Алекса́ндр Никола́евич Высо́тский, 23 May 1888 – December 31, 1973) was a Russian-American astronomer.
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Alexei Fridman
Alexey Maksimovich Fridman was a Soviet physicist specializing in astrophysics, physics of gravitating systems and plasma physics.
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Anders Johan Lexell
Anders Johan Lexell (24 December 1740 &ndash) was a Finnish-Swedish astronomer, mathematician, and physicist who spent most of his life in Imperial Russia, where he was known as Andrei Ivanovich Leksel (Андрей Иванович Лексель).
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Andrei Doroshkevich
Andrei Georgievich Doroshkevich (Андрей Георгиевич Дорошкевич, born 1937) is a Russian (and former Soviet) theoretical astrophysicist and cosmologist, head of the laboratory on the physics of the early universe at the Lebedev Physical Institute.
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Andrei Linde
Andrei Dmitriyevich Linde (Андре́й Дми́триевич Ли́нде; born March 2, 1948) is a Russian-American theoretical physicist and the Harald Trap Friis Professor of Physics at Stanford University.
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Andrei Severny
Andrei B. Severny (Северный, Андрей Борисович) (1913–1987) was a Soviet astronomer, particularly known for his work on solar flares and astronomical observations from artificial satellites.
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Andrejs Auzāns
Andrejs Auzāns (1871–1953) was a Latvian general and topographer.
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Aristarkh Belopolsky
Aristarkh Apollonovich Belopolsky (Аристарх Аполлонович Белопольский), Moscow – 16 May 1934, Pulkovo, Leningrad) was a Russian astronomer. He was born in Moscow but his father's ancestors are from a Serbian town called Belo Polje.
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Armenia
Armenia (translit), officially the Republic of Armenia (translit), is a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia.
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Asteroid
Asteroids are minor planets, especially those of the inner Solar System.
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Astronomer
An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who concentrates their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth.
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Astronomical spectroscopy
Astronomical spectroscopy is the study of astronomy using the techniques of spectroscopy to measure the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light and radio, which radiates from stars and other celestial objects.
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Astrophysics
Astrophysics is the branch of astronomy that employs the principles of physics and chemistry "to ascertain the nature of the astronomical objects, rather than their positions or motions in space".
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Atmosphere of Venus
The atmosphere of Venus is the layer of gases surrounding Venus.
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Avenir Aleksandrovich Yakovkin
Avenir Aleksandrovich Yakovkin (Авенир Александрович Яковкин) (1887–1974) was a Russian astronomer.
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Benjamin Jekhowsky
Benjamin Jekhowsky (Вениамин Павлович Жеховский, born 1881 in Saint-Petersburg (Russia), died in 1975, Encausse-les-Thermes (France)) was a Russian–French astronomer, born in Saint-Petersburg in a noble family of a Russian railroad official.
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Benjamin Markarian
Beniamin "Benik" Egishevitch Markarian (Բենիամին Եղիշեի Մարգարյան; born 29 November 1913 in Shulaver, Tiflis Governorate; died 29 September 1985 in Yerevan, Armenian SSR) was an Armenian astrophysicist.
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Big Bang nucleosynthesis
In physical cosmology, Big Bang nucleosynthesis (abbreviated BBN, also known as primordial nucleosynthesis, arch(a)eonucleosynthesis, archonucleosynthesis, protonucleosynthesis and pal(a)eonucleosynthesis) refers to the production of nuclei other than those of the lightest isotope of hydrogen (hydrogen-1, 1H, having a single proton as a nucleus) during the early phases of the Universe.
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BKL singularity
A Belinsky-Khalatnikov-Lifshitz (BKL) singularity is a model of the dynamic evolution of the Universe near the initial singularity, described by an anisotropic, homogeneous, chaotic solution to Einstein's field equations of gravitation.
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Black hole
A black hole is a region of spacetime exhibiting such strong gravitational effects that nothing—not even particles and electromagnetic radiation such as light—can escape from inside it.
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Boris Numerov
Boris Vasilyevich Numerov (Борис Васильевич Нумеров; January 29, 1891—September 13, 1941) was a Russian astronomer, land-surveyor and geophysicist.
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Boris Vorontsov-Velyaminov
Boris Aleksandrovich Vorontsov-Velyaminov (Борис Александрович Воронцов-Вельяминов) (February 14, 1904 – January 27, 1994) was a Soviet/Russian astrophysicist.
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Byurakan Observatory
The Byurakan Astrophysical Observatory, or Byurakan Observatory is an astronomical observatory owned and operated by the Armenian Academy of Sciences.
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Celestial mechanics
Celestial mechanics is the branch of astronomy that deals with the motions of celestial objects.
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Cepheid variable
A Cepheid variable is a type of star that pulsates radially, varying in both diameter and temperature and producing changes in brightness with a well-defined stable period and amplitude.
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Comet
A comet is an icy small Solar System body that, when passing close to the Sun, warms and begins to release gases, a process called outgassing.
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Cosmic Call
Cosmic Call was the name of two sets of interstellar radio messages that were sent from RT-70 in Yevpatoria, Crimea in 1999 (Cosmic Call 1) and 2003 (Cosmic Call 2) to various nearby stars.
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Cosmic dust
Cosmic dust, also called extraterrestrial dust or space dust, is dust which exists in outer space, as well as all over planet Earth.
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Cosmic microwave background
The cosmic microwave background (CMB, CMBR) is electromagnetic radiation as a remnant from an early stage of the universe in Big Bang cosmology.
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Cosmic ray
Cosmic rays are high-energy radiation, mainly originating outside the Solar System and even from distant galaxies.
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Cosmology
Cosmology (from the Greek κόσμος, kosmos "world" and -λογία, -logia "study of") is the study of the origin, evolution, and eventual fate of the universe.
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Crimean Astrophysical Observatory
The Crimean Astrophysical Observatory (CrAO, obs. code: 095) is located at Nauchnij research campus, near the Central Crimean city of Bakhchysarai, on the Crimean peninsula.
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Denis Denisenko
Denis Denisenko (born 16 January 1971) is a Russian astronomer of the late 20th – early 21st century, discoverer of 7 supernovae, more than 50 variable stars, and asteroid, and a comet.
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Dmitry Dmitrievich Maksutov
Dmitry Dmitrievich Maksutov (Дми́трий Дми́триевич Максу́тов) (– 12 August 1964) was a Russian / Soviet optical engineer and amateur astronomer.
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Dmitry Dubyago
Dmitry Ivanovich Dubyago (Дмитрий Иванович Дубяго in Russian) (September 21 (N.S. October 3), 1849 – October 22, 1918) was a Russian astronomer and expert in theoretical astrophysics, astrometry, and gravimetry.
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Doppler effect
The Doppler effect (or the Doppler shift) is the change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to observer who is moving relative to the wave source.
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Double star
In observational astronomy, a double star or visual double is a pair of stars that appear close to each other in the sky as seen from Earth when viewed through an optical telescope.
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Einstein field equations
The Einstein field equations (EFE; also known as Einstein's equations) comprise the set of 10 equations in Albert Einstein's general theory of relativity that describe the fundamental interaction of gravitation as a result of spacetime being curved by mass and energy.
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Elena V. Pitjeva
Elena Vladimirovna Pitjeva is a Russian astronomer working at the Institute of Applied Astronomy, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg.
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Eternal inflation
Eternal inflation is a hypothetical inflationary universe model, which is itself an outgrowth or extension of the Big Bang theory.
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Evgeny Lifshitz
Evgeny Mikhailovich Lifshitz (Евге́ний Миха́йлович Ли́фшиц; February 21, 1915, Kharkov, Russian Empire – October 29, 1985, Moscow, Russian SFSR) was a leading Soviet physicist and the brother of physicist Ilya Mikhailovich Lifshitz.
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Expansion of the universe
The expansion of the universe is the increase of the distance between two distant parts of the universe with time.
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Extraterrestrial life
Extraterrestrial life,Where "extraterrestrial" is derived from the Latin extra ("beyond", "not of") and terrestris ("of Earth", "belonging to Earth").
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Felix Ziegel
Felix Yurievich Ziegel (Феликс Юрьевич Зигель, March 20, 1920 - November 20, 1988) was a Soviet researcher, Doctor of Science and docent of Cosmology at the Moscow Aviation Institute, author of more than forty popular books on astronomy and space exploration, generally regarded as a founder of Russian ufology.
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Feodosy Krasovsky
Feodosy Nikolaevich Krasovsky (Феодосий Николаевич Красовский) (– October 1, 1948) was a Russian and later Soviet astronomer and geodesist.
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Florensky (crater)
Florensky is a lunar impact crater that is attached to the northeastern rim of the larger crater Vernadskiy.
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Friedmann equations
The Friedmann equations are a set of equations in physical cosmology that govern the expansion of space in homogeneous and isotropic models of the universe within the context of general relativity.
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Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker metric
The Friedmann–Lemaître–Robertson–Walker (FLRW) metric is an exact solution of Einstein's field equations of general relativity; it describes a homogeneous, isotropic, expanding or contracting universe that is path connected, but not necessarily simply connected.
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Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve
Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von Struve (Василий Яковлевич Струве, trans. Vasily Yakovlevich Struve; 15 April 1793 –) was a German-Russian astronomer and geodesist from the famous Struve family.
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Fyodor Bredikhin
Fyodor Aleksandrovich Bredikhin (Фёдор Александрович Бредихин, 8 December 1831 – 14 May 1904 (O.S.: 1 May)) was a Russian astronomer.
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Galactic astronomy
Galactic astronomy is the study of the Milky Way galaxy and all its contents.
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Gamow factor
The Gamow Factor or Gamow-Sommerfeld Factor, named after its discoverer George Gamow, is a probability factor for two nuclear particles' chance of overcoming the Coulomb barrier in order to undergo nuclear reactions, for example in nuclear fusion.
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Gavriil Adrianovich Tikhov
Gavriil Adrianovich Tikhov (May 1, 1875 – 1960) was a Soviet astronomer who was a pioneer in astrobiology and is considered to be the father of astrobotany.
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General relativity
General relativity (GR, also known as the general theory of relativity or GTR) is the geometric theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1915 and the current description of gravitation in modern physics.
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Gennady S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan
Gennady S. Bisnovatyi-Kogan is an astrophysicist.
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George Gamow
George Gamow (March 4, 1904- August 19, 1968), born Georgiy Antonovich Gamov, was a Russian-American theoretical physicist and cosmologist.
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George Volkoff
George Michael Volkoff, (February 23, 1914 – April 24, 2000) was a Canadian physicist and academic who helped, with J. Robert Oppenheimer, predict the existence of neutron stars before they were discovered.
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Georgij A. Krasinsky
Georgij A. Krasinsky (February 19, 1939; Leningrad, USSR) – March 17, 2011) was a Russian astronomer active at the Institute of Applied Astronomy, Russian Academy of Science, St Petersburg. He was notable for research on planetary motions and ephemeris. Krasinsky was the president of IAU commission 4-DI on ephemerides during 2003-2006. The asteroid 5714 Krasinsky is named after him.
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Grigory Neujmin
Grigory Nikolayevich Neujmin (Григорий Николаевич Неуймин; –December 17, 1946) was a Georgian–Russian astronomer, native of Tbilisi in Georgia, and a discoverer of minor planets and comets at the Pulkovo and Simeiz Observatories during the first half of the 20th century.
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Grigory Shajn
Grigory Abramovich Shajn (Григорий Абрамович Шайн) (April 19, 1892 – August 4, 1956) was a Soviet/Russian astronomer.
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Igor Belkovich
Igor Vladimirovich Bel'kovich (Игорь Владимирович Белькович) (October 15, 1904 (OS: October 2) – May 30, 1949) was a Russian astronomer.
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Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov
Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov (И́горь Дми́триевич Но́виков; born November 10, 1935) is a Russian (and former Soviet) theoretical astrophysicist and cosmologist.
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Iosif Shklovsky
Iosif Samuilovich Shklovsky (Ио́сиф Самуи́лович Шкло́вский; sometimes transliterated Josif, Josif, Shklovskii, Shklovskij) (July 1, 1916 – March 3, 1985) was a Soviet astronomer and astrophysicist.
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Isaak Markovich Khalatnikov
Isaak Markovich Khalatnikov (Исаак Маркович Халатников; born 17 October 1919) is a Soviet-born physicist known for his role in developing the BKL conjecture in general relativity.
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Ivan Yarkovsky
Ivan Osipovich Yarkovsky (Jan Jarkowski) (24 May 1844, Asveya, Vitebsk Governorate – 22 January 1902, Heidelberg) was a Russian civil engineer of Polish descent.
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Jacob Bruce
Count Jacob or James Daniel Bruce (Граф Яков Вилимович Брюс, Graf Yakov Vilimovich Bryus; 11 May 1669 – 30 April 1735) was a Russian statesman, military leader and scientist of Scottish descent (Clan Bruce), one of the associates of Peter the Great.
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Kardashev scale
The Kardashev scale is a method of measuring a civilization's level of technological advancement, based on the amount of energy a civilization is able to use for communication, proposed by Russian astrophysicist Nikolai Kardashev.
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Kaspar Gottfried Schweizer
Kaspar Gottfried Schweizer (February 16, 1816 – July 6, 1873) was a Swiss astronomer who travelled to Moscow in 1845 to become Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy at the Survey Institute, and later director of the Moscow University Observatory.
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Kirill Florensky
Kirill Pavlovich Florensky (Кири́лл Па́влович Флоре́нский; 27 December 1915 – 9 April 1982) was a Russian Soviet geochemist and planetologist.
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Kronid Lyubarsky
Kronid Arkadyevich Lyubarsky (Крони́д Арка́дьевич Люба́рский; 4 April 1934, Pskov, Soviet Union – 23 May 1996, Bali, Indonesia) was a Russian journalist, dissident, human rights activist and political prisoner.
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List of astronomers
The following are list of astronomers, astrophysicists and other notable people who have made contributions to the field of astronomy.
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List of minor planets: 10001–11000
No description.
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List of minor planets: 1001–2000
No description.
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List of minor planets: 5001–6000
#fefefe | 5390 Huichiming || || December 19, 1981 || Nanking || Purple Mountain Obs.
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List of Russian inventors
This is a list of inventors from the Russian Federation, Soviet Union, Russian Empire, Tsardom of Russia and Grand Duchy of Moscow, including both ethnic Russians and people of other ethnicities.
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List of Russian scientists
Alona Soschen.
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Lyudmila Chernykh
Lyudmila Ivanovna Chernykh (Людмила Іванівна Черних, Людми́ла Ива́новна Черны́х, June 13, 1935 in Shuya, Ivanovo Oblast – July 28, 2017) was a Russian-born Soviet astronomer, wife and colleague of Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh, and a prolific discoverer of minor planets.
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Lyudmila Karachkina
Lyudmila Georgievna Karachkina (Людмила Георгиевна Карачкина, born 3 September 1948, Rostov-on-Don) is a Russian astronomer and discoverer of minor planets.
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Lyudmila Zhuravleva
Lyudmila Vasilyevna Zhuravleva (Людмила Васильевна Журавлёва, Людмила Василівна Журавльова; born 22 May 1946) is a Soviet, Russian and Ukrainian astronomer, who worked at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnij, where she discovered 213 minor planets.
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Maksutov telescope
The Maksutov (also called a "Mak") is a catadioptric telescope design that combines a spherical mirror with a weakly negative meniscus lens in a design that takes advantage of all the surfaces being nearly "spherically symmetrical".
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Marian Albertovich Kowalski
Marian Albertovich Kowalski (Мариан Альбертович Ковальский) (15 August 1821 or 15 October 1821 – 28 May 1884 or 9 July 1884) was a Polish-Russian astronomer.
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Markarian's Chain
Markarian's Chain is a stretch of galaxies that forms part of the Virgo Cluster.
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Matvei Petrovich Bronstein
Matvei Petrovich Bronstein (Матвей Петрович Бронштейн,, Vinnytsia – February 18, 1938) was a Soviet theoretical physicist, a pioneer of quantum gravity, author of works in astrophysics, semiconductors, quantum electrodynamics and cosmology, as well as of a number of books in popular science for children.
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Matvey Gusev
Matvey Matveyevich Gusev (Матве́й Матве́евич Гу́сев) (in Vyatka, Russia– in Berlin, Germany) was a Russian astronomer who worked at Pulkovo Observatory near St. Petersburg from 1850 to 1852 and then at Vilnius Observatory.
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Meteor shower
A meteor shower is a celestial event in which a number of meteors are observed to radiate, or originate, from one point in the night sky.
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Meteoroid
A meteoroid is a small rocky or metallic body in outer space.
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Mikhail Lomonosov
Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov (ləmɐˈnosəf|a.
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Mikhail Lyapunov
Mikhail Vasilyevich Lyapunov was a Russian astronomer and a head of the Demidov Lyceum in Yaroslavl.
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Milky Way
The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our Solar System.
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Moon
The Moon is an astronomical body that orbits planet Earth and is Earth's only permanent natural satellite.
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Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies
The Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies (MCG) or Morfologiceskij Katalog Galaktik, is a Russian catalogue of 30,642 galaxies compiled by Boris Vorontsov-Velyaminov and V. P. Arkhipova.
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Naum Idelson
Naum Ilyich Idelson (Наум Ильич Идельсон in Russian) (March 1(13), 1885, Saint Petersburg - July 14, 1951, Leningrad) was a Soviet theoretical astronomer and expert in history of physics and mathematics.
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Nebular hypothesis
The nebular hypothesis is the most widely accepted model in the field of cosmogony to explain the formation and evolution of the Solar System (as well as other planetary systems).
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Neutron star
A neutron star is the collapsed core of a large star which before collapse had a total of between 10 and 29 solar masses.
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Nikolai Aleksandrovich Kozyrev
Nikolai Alexandrovich Kozyrev (Никола́й Алекса́ндрович Ко́зырев; September 2, 1908 – February 27, 1983) was a Soviet astronomer/astrophysicist.
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Nikolai Chernykh
Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh (Николай Степанович Черных) (6 October 1931 – 26 May 2004) was a Russian-born Soviet astronomer and discoverer of minor planets and comets at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnij, on the Crimean peninsula.
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Nikolai Kardashev
Nikolai Semenovich Kardashev (p; born April 25, 1932) is a Russian astrophysicist, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, and is the deputy director of the Astro Space Center (Russia) of PN Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow.
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Nikolai P. Barabashov
Nikolay Pavlovich Barabashov (March 30, 1894 in Kharkov, Kharkov Governorate, Russian Empire – April 29, 1971) was a Soviet Ukrainian astronomer.
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Nikolai Shakura
Nikolai Ivanovich Shakura (Николай Иванович Шакура; born October 7, 1945 in Belarus SSR) is a Russian astrophysicist.
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Nikolay Moiseyev
Nikolay Dmitriyevich Moiseyev (Никола́й Дми́триевич Моисе́ев; December 3(16), 1902 in Perm – December 6, 1955 in Moscow) was a Soviet astronomer and expert in celestial mechanics.
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Novikov self-consistency principle
The Novikov self-consistency principle, also known as the Novikov self-consistency conjecture and Larry Niven's law of conservation of history, is a principle developed by Russian physicist Igor Dmitriyevich Novikov in the mid-1980s.
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Observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial or celestial events.
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Otto Struve
Otto Struve (August 12, 1897 – April 6, 1963) was a Russian-American astronomer.
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Otto Wilhelm von Struve
Otto Wilhelm von Struve (May 7, 1819 (Julian calendar: April 25) – April 14, 1905) was a Russian astronomer.
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Pavel Petrovich Parenago
Pavel Petrovich Parenago (20 March 1906 – 5 January 1960) was a Soviet scientist, astronomer, and professor.
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Planetesimal
Planetesimals are solid objects thought to exist in protoplanetary disks and in debris disks.
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Pulkovo Observatory
The Pulkovo Astronomical Observatory (Пу́лковская астрономи́ческая обсервато́рия, official name The Central Astronomical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences at Pulkovo, Гла́вная (Пу́лковская) астрономи́ческая обсервато́рия Росси́йской акаде́мии нау́к; formerly Imperial Observatory at Pulkowo), the principal astronomical observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences, located 19 km south of Saint Petersburg on Pulkovo Heights above sea level.
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Quantum tunnelling
Quantum tunnelling or tunneling (see spelling differences) is the quantum mechanical phenomenon where a particle tunnels through a barrier that it classically cannot surmount.
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Quasar
A quasar (also known as a QSO or quasi-stellar object) is an extremely luminous active galactic nucleus (AGN).
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Radar astronomy
Radar astronomy is a technique of observing nearby astronomical objects by reflecting microwaves off target objects and analyzing the reflections.
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Radio astronomy
Radio astronomy is a subfield of astronomy that studies celestial objects at radio frequencies.
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Rashid Sunyaev
Rashid Alievich Sunyaev (Рәшит Гали улы Сөнәев, Раши́д Али́евич Сюня́ев; born 1 March 1943 in Tashkent, USSR) is a Soviet and Russian astrophysicist of Tatar descent.
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Russia
Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
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Russian Empire
The Russian Empire (Российская Империя) or Russia was an empire that existed across Eurasia and North America from 1721, following the end of the Great Northern War, until the Republic was proclaimed by the Provisional Government that took power after the February Revolution of 1917.
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Science and technology in Russia
Science and technology in Russia developed rapidly since the Age of Enlightenment, when Peter the Great founded the Russian Academy of Sciences and Saint Petersburg State University and polymath Mikhail Lomonosov founded the Moscow State University, establishing a strong native tradition in learning and innovation.
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Semion Braude
Semion Yakovlevich Braude (Семен Якович Брауде; January 20, 1911 – July 1, 2003) was a Ukrainian physicist and radio astronomer.
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Sergei Alexandrovich Zhevakin
Sergei Alexandrovich Zhevakin (Серге́й Александрович Жевакин) (April 11, 1916 – February 21, 2001) was a Russian astronomer.
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Sergey Belyavsky
Sergey Ivanovich Belyavsky (Серге́й Ива́нович Беля́вский; December 7, 1883 (Julian calendar: November 25) – October 13, 1953) was a Soviet/Russian astronomer and a discoverer of 36 numbered minor planets.
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Sergey Blazhko
Sergey Nikolaevich Blazhko (Сергей Николаевич Блажко in Russian) (November 5(17), 1870 - February 11, 1956, Moscow) was a Russian and Soviet astronomer, a corresponding member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (1929).
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Sergey Glazenap
Sergey Pavlovich Glazenap (Серге́й Павлович Глазенап; September 13(25), 1848 - April 12, 1937) was a Soviet astronomer, honorary member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences (1929), and Hero of Socialist Labor (1932).
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SK-42 reference system
The SK-42 reference system also known as the Krasovsky 1940 ellipsoid, is a coordinate system established in the Soviet Union in 1942 as Systema koordinat (Система координат 1942 года), and provides parameters which are linked to the geocentric Cartesian coordinate system PZ-90.
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Solar flare
A solar flare is a sudden flash of increased Sun's brightness, usually observed near its surface.
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Solomon Pikelner
Solomon Borisovich Pikelner (Соломон Борисович Пикельнер) (February 6, 1921 - November 19, 1975) was a Soviet astronomer who had made a significant contribution to the theory of the interstellar medium, solar plasma physics, stellar atmospheres, and magnetohydrodynamics.
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Soviet Union
The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.
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Spectrograph
A spectrograph is an instrument that separates light into a frequency spectrum and records the signal using a camera.
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Stellar dynamics
Stellar dynamics is the branch of astrophysics which describes in a statistical way the collective motions of stars subject to their mutual gravity.
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Stellar kinematics
In astronomy, stellar kinematics is the observational study or measurement of the kinematics or motions of stars through space.
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Stellar nucleosynthesis
Stellar nucleosynthesis is the theory explaining the creation (nucleosynthesis) of chemical elements by nuclear fusion reactions between atoms within the stars.
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Stellar rotation
Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis.
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Struve family
The Struve family (pronounced in German, in Russian) were a dynasty of five generations of astronomers from the 18th to 20th centuries.
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Struve Geodetic Arc
The Struve Geodetic Arc is a chain of survey triangulations stretching from Hammerfest in Norway to the Black Sea, through ten countries and over 2,820 km, which yielded the first accurate measurement of a meridian.
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Sukharev Tower
The Sukharev Tower (Сухарева башня) was a Moscow landmark until its destruction by the Soviet authorities in 1934.
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Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect
The Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect (named after Rashid Sunyaev and Yakov B. Zel'dovich and often abbreviated as the SZ effect) is the distortion of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) through inverse Compton scattering by high energy electrons in galaxy clusters, in which the low energy CMB photons receive an average energy boost during collision with the high energy cluster electrons.
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Tamara Smirnova
Tamara Mikhaylovna Smirnova (Тама́ра Миха́йловна Смирно́ва; 1935–2001) was a Soviet/Russian astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets and comets.
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Tashkent
Tashkent (Toshkent, Тошкент, تاشكېنت,; Ташкент) is the capital and largest city of Uzbekistan, as well as the most populated city in Central Asia with a population in 2012 of 2,309,300.
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Tateos Agekian
Tateos Artemjevich Agekian (Թադևոս Արտեմի Աղեկյան, Татеос Артемьевич Агекян, May 12, 1913 in Batum; – January 16, 2006 in Saint Petersburg) was an outstanding Soviet astrophysicist of Armenian descent, one of the pioneers of Russian and world Stellar dynamics.
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Teen Age Message
The Teen Age Message (TAM) was a series of interstellar radio transmissions sent from the Yevpatoria Planetary Radar to six solar-type stars during August–September 2001.
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Tien Shan Astronomical Observatory
The Tien Shan Astronomical Observatory (TSHAO, TSAO, or Tien Shan Observatory; obs. code: N42; formerly also Alma-Ata Observatory and Almaty Observatory, obs. code: 210) is an astronomical observatory located in the Tien Shan Mountains at altitude, 30 kilometers south of the city of Almaty in Kazakhstan.
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Time travel
Time travel is the concept of movement between certain points in time, analogous to movement between different points in space by an object or a person, typically using a hypothetical device known as a time machine.
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Ufology
Ufology is the study of reports, visual records, physical evidence, and other phenomena related to unidentified flying objects (UFO).
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Universe
The Universe is all of space and time and their contents, including planets, stars, galaxies, and all other forms of matter and energy.
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Uranus
Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun.
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Van Allen radiation belt
A Van Allen radiation belt is a zone of energetic charged particles, most of which originate from the solar wind, that are captured by and held around a planet by that planet's magnetic field.
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Vasily Engelhardt
Vasily Pavlovich Engelhardt (Василий Павлович Энгельгардт) (July 17, 1828, Kustovichi, Grodno Region, Russian Empire (now Belarus)) - May 6, 1915, Dresden) was a Russian astronomer and public figure.
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Vasily Fesenkov
Vasiliy Grigorievich Fesenkov (January 13, 1889 – March 12, 1972) was a Soviet Russian astrophysicist.
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Victor Ambartsumian
Victor Amazaspovich Ambartsumian (Ви́ктор Амаза́спович Амбарцумя́н; Վիկտոր Համազասպի Համբարձումյան, Viktor Hamazaspi Hambardzumyan; 12 August 1996) was a Soviet Armenian scientist, and one of the founders of theoretical astrophysics.
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Viktor Knorre
Viktor Karlovich Knorre Виктор Карлович Кнорре(4 October 1840 – 25 August 1919) was a Russian astronomer of German ethnic origin.
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Viktor Safronov
Viktor Sergeevich Safronov (Ви́ктор Серге́евич Сафро́нов) (born Velikie Luki, Russia, 11 October 1917 – died Moscow 18 September 1999) was a Soviet astronomer who put forward the low-mass-nebula model of planet formation, a consistent picture of how the planets formed from a disk of gas and dust around the Sun.
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Vitaly Ginzburg
Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg, ForMemRS (Вита́лий Ла́заревич Ги́нзбург; 4 October 1916 – 8 November 2009) was a Soviet and Russian theoretical physicist, astrophysicist, Nobel laureate, a member of the Soviet and Russian Academies of Sciences and one of the fathers of the Soviet hydrogen bomb.
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Vladimir Albitsky
Vladimir Aleksandrovich Albitzky (Владимир Александрович Альбицкий) (June 16, 1891 – June 15, 1952) was a Soviet/Russian astronomer and discoverer of minor planets.
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Vladimir Belinski
Vladimir Alekseevich Belinski (last name is also spelled Belinsky, Владимир Алексеевич Белинский; born 26 March 1941) is a Russian and Italian theoretical physicist involved in research in cosmology and general relativity.
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Vladislav Shevchenko (astronomer)
Vladislav Vladimirovich Shevchenko (Владислав Владимирович Шевченко, born 18 June 1940) is a Russian astronomer specialized in lunar exploration.
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X-ray binary
X-ray binaries are a class of binary stars that are luminous in X-rays.
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Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich
Yakov Borisovich Zel’dovich (Я́каў Бары́савіч Зяльдо́віч, Я́ков Бори́сович Зельдо́вич; 8 March 1914 – 2 December 1987), also known as YaB, was a Soviet physicist of Belarusian Jewish ethnicity, who is known for his prolific contributions in cosmology and the physics of thermonuclear and hydrodynamical phenomena.
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Yarkovsky effect
The Yarkovsky effect is a force acting on a rotating body in space caused by the anisotropic emission of thermal photons, which carry momentum.
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Yarkovsky–O'Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack effect
The Yarkovsky–O'Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack effect, or YORP effect for short, changes the rotation state of a small astronomical body – that is, the body's spin rate and the obliquity of its pole(s) – due to the scattering of solar radiation off its surface and the emission of its own thermal radiation.
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Yevgeny Krinov
Yevgeny Leonidovich Krinov (Евгений Леонидович Кринов) (3 March 1906 – 2 January 1984), D.G.S., was a Soviet Russian astronomer and geologist, born in Otyassy (Отъяссы) village in the Morshansky District of the Tambov Governorate of the Russian Empire.
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Yevgeny Perepyolkin
Yevgeny Yakovlevich Perepyolkin (Евге́ний Я́ковлевич Перепёлкин; 1906–1940) was a Soviet astronomer.
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3063 Makhaon
3063 Makhaon, provisional designation, is a large Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately in diameter.
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74P/Smirnova–Chernykh
74P/Smirnova–Chernykh is a periodic comet in the Solar System.
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762 Pulcova
762 Pulcova is a main-belt asteroid.
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857 Glasenappia
857 Glasenappia is a minor planet orbiting the Sun.
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951 Gaspra
951 Gaspra is an S-type asteroid that orbits very close to the inner edge of the asteroid belt.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Russian_astronomers_and_astrophysicists
