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50 relations: Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms, Battle of Dongkou, Battle of Red Cliffs, Campaign against Yuan Shu, Cao Cao, Cao Pi, Cao Wei, Cao Xiu, Chen Shou, Cheng Pu, Courtesy name, Eastern Wu, Emperor Xian of Han, Go (game), Gu Yong, Han dynasty, Huang Zu, Jiangnan, Jingzhou (ancient China), Lady Wu (wife of Sun Jian), Lü (surname), Lü Ju, Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms, Liu Bei, Liu Biao, Liu Xun (warlord), Lu Su, Memorial to the throne, Pei Songzhi, Pretender, Records of the Three Kingdoms, Retainers in early China (social group), Sun Ce, Sun Ce's conquests in Jiangdong, Sun Lang, Sun Liang, Sun Quan, Sun Shao (Changxu), Sun Shao (general), Taihe County, Anhui, Tao Qian (Han dynasty), Three Kingdoms, Vassal, Xu Kun, Xu Sheng, Xuzhou (ancient China), Yan Baihu, Yang Province, Yuan Shu, Zang Ba.
Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms
Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms by Pei Songzhi (372-451) is an annotation completed in the 5th century of the 3rd century historical text Records of the Three Kingdoms, compiled by Chen Shou.
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Battle of Dongkou
The Battle of Dongkou was a naval battle fought between October 222 and January 223 between forces of the state of Cao Wei and the Kingdom of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Battle of Red Cliffs
The Battle of Red Cliffs, otherwise known as the Battle of Chibi, was a decisive battle fought at the end of the Han dynasty, about twelve years prior to the beginning of the Three Kingdoms period in Chinese history.
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Campaign against Yuan Shu
The campaign against Yuan Shu was a punitive expedition that took place between 197 and 199 in the late Eastern Han dynasty.
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Cao Cao
Cao Cao (– 15 March 220), courtesy name Mengde, was a Chinese warlord and the penultimate Chancellor of the Eastern Han dynasty who rose to great power in the final years of the dynasty.
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Cao Pi
Cao Pi (– 29 June 226), courtesy name Zihuan, was the first emperor of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Cao Wei
Wei (220–266), also known as Cao Wei, was one of the three major states that competed for supremacy over China in the Three Kingdoms period (220–280).
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Cao Xiu
Cao Xiu (died 228), courtesy name Wenlie, was a military general of the state of Cao Wei in the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Chen Shou
Chen Shou (233–297), courtesy name Chengzuo, was an official and writer who lived during the Three Kingdoms period and Jin dynasty of China.
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Cheng Pu
Cheng Pu (died after 210), courtesy name Demou, was a military general serving under the warlord Sun Quan during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Courtesy name
A courtesy name (zi), also known as a style name, is a name bestowed upon one at adulthood in addition to one's given name.
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Eastern Wu
Wu (222–280), commonly known as Dong Wu (Eastern Wu) or Sun Wu, was one of the three major states that competed for supremacy over China in the Three Kingdoms period (220–280).
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Emperor Xian of Han
Emperor Xian of Han (2 April 181 – 21 April 234), personal name Liu Xie, courtesy name Bohe, was the 14th and last emperor of the Eastern Han dynasty in China.
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Go (game)
Go is an abstract strategy board game for two players, in which the aim is to surround more territory than the opponent.
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Gu Yong
Gu Yong (168 – November or December 243), courtesy name Yuantan, was a minister and the second Imperial Chancellor of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Han dynasty
The Han dynasty was the second imperial dynasty of China (206 BC–220 AD), preceded by the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD). Spanning over four centuries, the Han period is considered a golden age in Chinese history. To this day, China's majority ethnic group refers to themselves as the "Han Chinese" and the Chinese script is referred to as "Han characters". It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han, and briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty (9–23 AD) of the former regent Wang Mang. This interregnum separates the Han dynasty into two periods: the Western Han or Former Han (206 BC–9 AD) and the Eastern Han or Later Han (25–220 AD). The emperor was at the pinnacle of Han society. He presided over the Han government but shared power with both the nobility and appointed ministers who came largely from the scholarly gentry class. The Han Empire was divided into areas directly controlled by the central government using an innovation inherited from the Qin known as commanderies, and a number of semi-autonomous kingdoms. These kingdoms gradually lost all vestiges of their independence, particularly following the Rebellion of the Seven States. From the reign of Emperor Wu (r. 141–87 BC) onward, the Chinese court officially sponsored Confucianism in education and court politics, synthesized with the cosmology of later scholars such as Dong Zhongshu. This policy endured until the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911 AD. The Han dynasty saw an age of economic prosperity and witnessed a significant growth of the money economy first established during the Zhou dynasty (c. 1050–256 BC). The coinage issued by the central government mint in 119 BC remained the standard coinage of China until the Tang dynasty (618–907 AD). The period saw a number of limited institutional innovations. To finance its military campaigns and the settlement of newly conquered frontier territories, the Han government nationalized the private salt and iron industries in 117 BC, but these government monopolies were repealed during the Eastern Han dynasty. Science and technology during the Han period saw significant advances, including the process of papermaking, the nautical steering ship rudder, the use of negative numbers in mathematics, the raised-relief map, the hydraulic-powered armillary sphere for astronomy, and a seismometer for measuring earthquakes employing an inverted pendulum. The Xiongnu, a nomadic steppe confederation, defeated the Han in 200 BC and forced the Han to submit as a de facto inferior partner, but continued their raids on the Han borders. Emperor Wu launched several military campaigns against them. The ultimate Han victory in these wars eventually forced the Xiongnu to accept vassal status as Han tributaries. These campaigns expanded Han sovereignty into the Tarim Basin of Central Asia, divided the Xiongnu into two separate confederations, and helped establish the vast trade network known as the Silk Road, which reached as far as the Mediterranean world. The territories north of Han's borders were quickly overrun by the nomadic Xianbei confederation. Emperor Wu also launched successful military expeditions in the south, annexing Nanyue in 111 BC and Dian in 109 BC, and in the Korean Peninsula where the Xuantu and Lelang Commanderies were established in 108 BC. After 92 AD, the palace eunuchs increasingly involved themselves in court politics, engaging in violent power struggles between the various consort clans of the empresses and empresses dowager, causing the Han's ultimate downfall. Imperial authority was also seriously challenged by large Daoist religious societies which instigated the Yellow Turban Rebellion and the Five Pecks of Rice Rebellion. Following the death of Emperor Ling (r. 168–189 AD), the palace eunuchs suffered wholesale massacre by military officers, allowing members of the aristocracy and military governors to become warlords and divide the empire. When Cao Pi, King of Wei, usurped the throne from Emperor Xian, the Han dynasty would eventually collapse and ceased to exist.
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Huang Zu
Huang Zu (died 208) was an official who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Jiangnan
Jiangnan or Jiang Nan (sometimes spelled Kiang-nan, literally "South of the river") is a geographic area in China referring to lands immediately to the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, including the southern part of its delta.
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Jingzhou (ancient China)
Jingzhou or Jing Province was one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China referenced in Chinese historical texts such as the Tribute of Yu, Erya and Rites of Zhou.
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Lady Wu (wife of Sun Jian)
Lady Wu (died 202), personal name unknown, was the wife of the warlord Sun Jian, who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Lü (surname)
Lü is the pinyin (Lǚ with the tone diacritic) and Wade–Giles romanisation of the Chinese surname written in simplified character and in traditional character.
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Lü Ju
Lü Ju (died 12 November 256), courtesy name Shiyi, was a military general of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms
The following are lists of people significant to the Three Kingdoms period (220–280) of Chinese history.
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Liu Bei
Liu Bei (161 – 10 June 223), courtesy name Xuande, was a warlord in the late Eastern Han dynasty who founded the state of Shu Han in the Three Kingdoms period and became its first ruler.
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Liu Biao
Liu Biao (142–208), courtesy name Jingsheng, was a government official and warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Liu Xun (warlord)
Liu Xun (180s–190s), courtesy name Zitai, was a military general and minor warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Lu Su
Lu Su (172–217), courtesy name Zijing, was a military general and official serving under the warlord Sun Quan during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Memorial to the throne
A memorial to the throne (Chinese: 章表, zhāngbiǎo) was an official communication to the Emperor of China.
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Pei Songzhi
Pei Songzhi (372–451), courtesy name Shiqi, was a historian and government official who lived in the late Eastern Jin dynasty and Liu Song dynasty.
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Pretender
A pretender is one who is able to maintain a claim that they are entitled to a position of honour or rank, which may be occupied by an incumbent (usually more recognised), or whose powers may currently be exercised by another person or authority.
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Records of the Three Kingdoms
The Records of the Three Kingdoms is a Chinese historical text which covers the history of the late Eastern Han dynasty (c. 184–220 AD) and the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD).
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Retainers in early China (social group)
Retainers in China from pre-Qin through Han times were a special social group, who lived as dependents under a noble, an officeholder, or a powerful landlord.
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Sun Ce
Sun Ce (175–200), courtesy name Bofu, was a military general and warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Sun Ce's conquests in Jiangdong
Sun Ce's conquests in Jiangdong were a series of military campaigns by the warlord Sun Ce to conquer territories in the Jiangdong and Wu regions from 194 to 199 towards the end of the Eastern Han dynasty.
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Sun Lang
Sun Lang, courtesy name Zao'an, was a son of the Chinese warlord Sun Jian, who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty.
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Sun Liang
Sun Liang (243–260), courtesy name Ziming, was the second emperor of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Sun Quan
Sun Quan (182 – 21 May 252), courtesy name Zhongmou, formally known as Emperor Da of Wu (literally "Great Emperor of Wu"), was the founder of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period.
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Sun Shao (Changxu)
Sun Shao (163 – June or July 225), courtesy name Changxu, was an official of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Sun Shao (general)
Sun Shao (188–241), born Yu Shao, courtesy name Gongli, was a military general of the state of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Taihe County, Anhui
Taihe County, Anhui is a county of Anhui Province, China.
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Tao Qian (Han dynasty)
Tao Qian (132-194), courtesy name Gongzu, was a government official and warlord who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Three Kingdoms
The Three Kingdoms (220–280) was the tripartite division of China between the states of Wei (魏), Shu (蜀), and Wu (吳).
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Vassal
A vassal is a person regarded as having a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch, in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe.
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Xu Kun
Xu Kun (徐坤; born 1965) is a Chinese postmodern fiction writer based in Beijing.
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Xu Sheng
Xu Sheng (died 225), courtesy name Wenxiang, was a military general serving under the warlord Sun Quan in the late Eastern Han dynasty and early Three Kingdoms period of China.
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Xuzhou (ancient China)
Xuzhou as a historical toponym refers to varied area in different eras.
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Yan Baihu
Yan Baihu was a bandit leader active in the Wu or Jiangdong region during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Yang Province
Yangzhou, Yangchow or Yang Province was one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China mentioned in historical texts such as the Tribute of Yu, Erya and Rites of Zhou.
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Yuan Shu
Yuan Shu (died 199), courtesy name Gonglu, was a warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Zang Ba
Zang Ba (162–230s), courtesy name Xuangao, was a military general who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty and Three Kingdoms period of China.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lü_Fan
