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43 relations: Amartya Sen, Argumentum ad populum, Arrow's impossibility theorem, Austria, Civil and political rights, Cloture, Comparison of electoral systems, Condorcet paradox, Condorcet's jury theorem, Deliberative assembly, Electoral system, Elsevier, European Journal of Political Economy, Filibuster, Food and Drug Administration, Groupthink, Intensity of preference, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Legislature, Liberal paradox, Majority, Majority criterion, Majority loser criterion, Majority rule, Minority rights, Mutual majority criterion, Nakamura number, Netherlands, No independence before majority rule, Ochlocracy, Participatory democracy, Plurality voting, Presumption of innocence, Referendum, Representative democracy, Robert's Rules of Order, Spreadthink, Status quo, Supermajority, Sweden, Tyranny of the majority, United States Senate, University of Oxford.
Amartya Sen
Amartya Kumar Sen, CH, FBA (born 3 November 1933) is an Indian economist and philosopher, who since 1972 has taught and worked in India, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
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Argumentum ad populum
In argumentation theory, an argumentum ad populum (Latin for "argument to the people") is a fallacious argument that concludes that a proposition must be true because many or most people believe it, often concisely encapsulated as: "If many believe so, it is so." This type of argument is known by several names, including appeal to the masses, appeal to belief, appeal to the majority, appeal to democracy, appeal to popularity, argument by consensus, consensus fallacy, authority of the many, bandwagon fallacy, vox populi, and in Latin as argumentum ad numerum ("appeal to the number"), fickle crowd syndrome, and consensus gentium ("agreement of the clans").
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Arrow's impossibility theorem
In social choice theory, Arrow's impossibility theorem, the general possibility theorem or Arrow's paradox is an impossibility theorem stating that when voters have three or more distinct alternatives (options), no ranked voting electoral system can convert the ranked preferences of individuals into a community-wide (complete and transitive) ranking while also meeting a specified set of criteria: unrestricted domain, non-dictatorship, Pareto efficiency and independence of irrelevant alternatives.
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Austria
Austria (Österreich), officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich), is a federal republic and a landlocked country of over 8.8 million people in Central Europe.
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Civil and political rights
Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals.
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Cloture
Cloture, closure, or, informally, a guillotine is a motion or process in parliamentary procedure aimed at bringing debate to a quick end.
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Comparison of electoral systems
Electoral systems can be compared by different means.
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Condorcet paradox
The Condorcet paradox (also known as voting paradox or the paradox of voting) in social choice theory is a situation noted by the Marquis de Condorcet in the late 18th century, in which collective preferences can be cyclic, even if the preferences of individual voters are not cyclic.
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Condorcet's jury theorem
Condorcet's jury theorem is a political science theorem about the relative probability of a given group of individuals arriving at a correct decision.
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Deliberative assembly
A deliberative assembly is a gathering of members (of any kind of collective) who use parliamentary procedure to make decisions.
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Electoral system
An electoral system is a set of rules that determines how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined.
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Elsevier
Elsevier is an information and analytics company and one of the world's major providers of scientific, technical, and medical information.
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European Journal of Political Economy
The European Journal of Political Economy is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering research on economic phenomena, including collective decision making, political behavior, and the role of institutions.
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Filibuster
A filibuster is a political procedure where one or more members of parliament or congress debate over a proposed piece of legislation so as to delay or entirely prevent a decision being made on the proposal.
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Food and Drug Administration
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or USFDA) is a federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, one of the United States federal executive departments.
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Groupthink
Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon that occurs within a group of people in which the desire for harmony or conformity in the group results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome.
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Intensity of preference
Intensity of preference, also known as intensity preference, is a term popularized by the work of the economist Kenneth Arrow, who was a co-recipient of the 1972 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics.
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Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Jean-Jacques Rousseau (28 June 1712 – 2 July 1778) was a Genevan philosopher, writer and composer.
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Legislature
A legislature is a deliberative assembly with the authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country or city.
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Liberal paradox
The liberal paradox, also Sen paradox or Sen's paradox, is a logical paradox discovered by Amartya Sen which purports to show that no social system can simultaneously.
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Majority
A majority is the greater part, or more than half, of the total.
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Majority criterion
The majority criterion is a single-winner voting system criterion, used to compare such systems.
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Majority loser criterion
The majority loser criterion is a criterion to evaluate single-winner voting systems.
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Majority rule
Majority rule is a decision rule that selects alternatives which have a majority, that is, more than half the votes.
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Minority rights
Minority rights are the normal individual rights as applied to members of racial, ethnic, class, religious, linguistic or gender and sexual minorities; and also the collective rights accorded to minority groups.
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Mutual majority criterion
The mutual majority criterion is a criterion used to compare voting systems.
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Nakamura number
In cooperative game theory and social choice theory, the Nakamura number measures the degree of rationality of preference aggregation rules (collective decision rules), such as voting rules.
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Netherlands
The Netherlands (Nederland), often referred to as Holland, is a country located mostly in Western Europe with a population of seventeen million.
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No independence before majority rule
No independence before majority rule (abbreviated NIBMAR) was a policy adopted by the United Kingdom requiring the implementation of majority rule in a colony, rather than rule by the white colonial minority, before the empire granted its colony independence.
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Ochlocracy
Ochlocracy (ὀχλοκρατία, okhlokratía; ochlocratia) or mob rule is the rule of government by mob or a mass of people, or, the intimidation of legitimate authorities.
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Participatory democracy
Participatory democracy emphasizes the broad participation of constituents in the direction and operation of political systems.
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Plurality voting
Plurality voting is an electoral system in which each voter is allowed to vote for only one candidate, and the candidate who polls the most among their counterparts (a plurality) is elected.
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Presumption of innocence
The presumption of innocence is the principle that one is considered innocent unless proven guilty.
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Referendum
A referendum (plural: referendums or referenda) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is invited to vote on a particular proposal.
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Representative democracy
Representative democracy (also indirect democracy, representative republic or psephocracy) is a type of democracy founded on the principle of elected officials representing a group of people, as opposed to direct democracy.
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Robert's Rules of Order
Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised, commonly referred to as Robert’s Rules of Order, RONR, or simply Robert’s Rules, is the most widely used manual of parliamentary procedure in the United States.
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Spreadthink
Spreadthink is a kind of conceptual pathology of groups unable to reach any "genuine consensus, or even majority view toward component aspects of a complex issue".
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Status quo
Status quo is a Latin phrase meaning the existing state of affairs, particularly with regard to social or political issues.
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Supermajority
A supermajority or supra-majority or a qualified majority, is a requirement for a proposal to gain a specified level of support which is greater than the threshold of one-half used for majority.
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Sweden
Sweden (Sverige), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.
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Tyranny of the majority
Tyranny of the majority (or tyranny of the masses) refers to an inherent weakness of direct democracy and majority rule in which the majority of an electorate can and does place its own interests above, and at the expense of, those in the minority.
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United States Senate
The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, which along with the United States House of Representatives—the lower chamber—comprise the legislature of the United States.
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University of Oxford
The University of Oxford (formally The Chancellor Masters and Scholars of the University of Oxford) is a collegiate research university located in Oxford, England.
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Redirects here:
Majoritarian, Majority Rule, Majority Rules, Majority representation system, Majority rules, Majority voting, Political Majority, Rule by majority, Simple Majority Voting, Simple majoritarianism, Simple majority voting.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majority_rule
