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Mandala

Index Mandala

A mandala (Sanskrit: मण्डल, maṇḍala; literally "circle") is a spiritual and ritual symbol in Hinduism and Buddhism, representing the universe. [1]

176 relations: Abhidharmakośakārikā, Abhisheka, Akshobhya, Alchemy, Amitayurdhyana Sutra, Amitābha, Amoghasiddhi, Antonio de León y Gama, Anuttarayoga Tantra, Archangel, Architectural drawing, Arthashastra, Astrological symbols, Atanatiya Sutta, Aureola, Axis mundi, Ayutthaya Kingdom, Aztec calendar stone, Bhaisajyaguru, Bhavacakra, Bhutan, Bihu Loukon, Bindu (symbol), Borobudur, Buddhahood, Buddhism, Buddhism in Japan, Butsudan, Carl Jung, Celtic cross, Chakra, Chakravarti (Sanskrit term), Champa, Chanakya, Charnel ground, Chartres Cathedral, China Art Museum, Christian, Cosmati, Cosmos, Crown of thorns, David Fontana, Dharma, Dharmachakra, Diamond Realm, Digha Nikaya, Dreamspell, Enlightenment in Buddhism, Esoteric Christianity, Five Tathagatas, ..., Form constant, Formal balance, Ganachakra, Glyph, Gohonzon, Great chain of being, Halo (religious iconography), Hanging scroll, Hermeticism, Hildegard of Bingen, Hinduism, Historical Vedic religion, Human sacrifice in Aztec culture, Image of Edessa, Imphal, India, Invocation, Jainism, Jōdo Shinshū, John Dee, José Argüelles, Kalachakra, Kangla Palace, Kanji, Kūkai, Key of Solomon, Khmer Empire, Longer Sukhāvatīvyūha Sūtra, Macrocosm and microcosm, Madhu Khanna, Magic circle, Mahavira, Majapahit, Man and His Symbols, Mandala of the Two Realms, Mandali Mendrilla, Manipur, Mantra, Marie-Louise von Franz, Maya civilization, Meditation, Memories, Dreams, Reflections, Mesoamerica, Moctezuma II, Mosaic, Mount Meru, Namkha, Namu Myōhō Renge Kyō, Naropa, National Museum of Anthropology (Mexico), Navagraha, Nepal, New Age, Nianfo, Nichiren, Nichiren Buddhism, Nondualism, Oculus, Pagan Kingdom, Pali Text Society, Pavement (architecture), Pāli Canon, Per Kværne, Phylogenetic tree, Phylogenetics, Prajnaparamita, Pure land, Pure Land Buddhism, Rajamandala, Ratnasambhava, Religious art, Rennyo, Rigveda, Rosary, Rose Cross, Rose window, Rosicrucianism, Rubin Museum of Art, Saṃsāra, Sahaja, Saint John the Baptist, Maddermarket, Norwich, Sand mandala, Sandpainting, Sanskrit, Sādhanā, Schuyler V. R. Cammann, Shingon Buddhism, Shinran, Siddhaṃ script, Sigillum Dei, Silk, Sri Yantra, Srivijaya, Stupa, Symbol, Taima Mandala, Tantra, Tantras, Tapestry, Temenos, Tenochtitlan, Thamel, The Layer Monument, Tibet, Tibetan Buddhism, Tirthankara, Tlaltecuhtli, Tonatiuh, Trance, Universe, Vairocana, Vajra, Vajravārāhī, Vajrayana, Vajrayogini, Vishnu, Vitalism, Westminster Abbey, Wisdom King, Wish tree, Womb Realm, Yantra, Yidam, Yuan dynasty, 14th century, 15th century. Expand index (126 more) »

Abhidharmakośakārikā

The Abhidharmakośakārikā or Verses on the Treasury of Abhidharma is a key text on the Abhidharma written in Sanskrit verse by Vasubandhu in the 4th or 5th century.

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Abhisheka

Abhisheka or Abhishekam (Devanagari: अभिषेक) is a Sanskrit term akin to puja, yagya and arati that denotes: a devotional activity; an enacted prayer, rite of passage and/or religious rite.

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Akshobhya

In Vajrayana Buddhism, Akshobhya (अक्षोभ्य, Akṣobhya, "Immovable One") is one of the Five Wisdom Buddhas, a product of the Adibuddha, who represents consciousness as an aspect of reality.

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Alchemy

Alchemy is a philosophical and protoscientific tradition practiced throughout Europe, Africa, Brazil and Asia.

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Amitayurdhyana Sutra

The Amitāyurdhyāna Sūtra (Sanskrit) is a Mahayana sutra in Pure Land Buddhism, a branch of Mahāyāna Buddhism.

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Amitābha

Amitābha, also known as Amida or Amitāyus, is a celestial buddha according to the scriptures of Mahayana Buddhism.

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Amoghasiddhi

Amoghasiddhi is one of the Five Wisdom Buddhas of the Vajrayana tradition of Buddhism.

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Antonio de León y Gama

Antonio de León y Gama (1735–1802) was a Mexican astronomer, anthropologist and writer.

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Anuttarayoga Tantra

Anuttarayoga Tantra (Sanskrit, Tibetan: bla na med pa'i rgyud), often translated as Unexcelled Yoga Tantra or Highest Yoga Tantra, is a term used in Tibetan Buddhism in the categorization of esoteric tantric Indian Buddhist texts that constitute part of the Kangyur, or the 'translated words of the Buddha' in the Tibetan Buddhist canon.

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Archangel

An archangel is an angel of high rank.

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Architectural drawing

An architectural drawing or architect's drawing is a technical drawing of a building (or building project) that falls within the definition of architecture.

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Arthashastra

The Arthashastra is an ancient Indian treatise on statecraft, economic policy and military strategy, written in Sanskrit.

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Astrological symbols

Symbols used in astrology overlap with those used in astronomy because of the historical overlap between the two subjects.

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Atanatiya Sutta

Atanatiya Sutta is the 32nd Sutta described in the Digha Nikaya ("Long Discourses of Buddha").

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Aureola

An aureola or aureole (diminutive of Latin aurea, "golden") is the radiance of luminous cloud which, in paintings of sacred personages, surrounds the whole figure.

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Axis mundi

The axis mundi (also cosmic axis, world axis, world pillar, center of the world, world tree), in certain beliefs and philosophies, is the world center, or the connection between Heaven and Earth.

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Ayutthaya Kingdom

The Ayutthaya Kingdom (อยุธยา,; also spelled Ayudhya or Ayodhaya) was a Siamese kingdom that existed from 1351 to 1767.

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Aztec calendar stone

The Aztec calendar stone is a late post-classic Mexica sculpture housed in the National Anthropology Museum in Mexico City, and is perhaps the most famous work of Aztec sculpture.

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Bhaisajyaguru

Bhaiṣajyaguru, formally Bhaiṣajya-guru-vaiḍūrya-prabhā-rāja ("King of Medicine Master and Lapis Lazuli Light"), is the Buddha of healing and medicine in Mahāyāna Buddhism.

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Bhavacakra

The bhavachakra (Sanskrit; Pāli: bhavachakra; Tibetan: srid pa'i 'khor lo) is a symbolic representation of saṃsāra (or cyclic existence).

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Bhutan

Bhutan, officially the Kingdom of Bhutan (Druk Gyal Khap), is a landlocked country in South Asia.

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Bihu Loukon

Bihu Loukon is an ancient star shaped mud fort located at Maklang, Imphal West in the Manipur state of North-Eastern India.

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Bindu (symbol)

Bindu (बिंदु) is a Sanskrit word meaning "point" or "dot".

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Borobudur

Borobudur, or Barabudur (Candi Borobudur, Candhi Barabudhur) is a 9th-century Mahayana Buddhist temple in Magelang Regency, not far from the town of Muntilan, in Central Java, Indonesia.

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Buddhahood

In Buddhism, buddhahood (buddhatva; buddhatta or italic) is the condition or rank of a buddha "awakened one".

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Buddhism

Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion with over 520 million followers, or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.

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Buddhism in Japan

Buddhism in Japan has been practiced since its official introduction in 552 CE according to the Nihon Shoki from Baekje, Korea, by Buddhist monks.

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Butsudan

A Butsudan, sometimes spelled, is a shrine commonly found in temples and homes in Japanese Buddhist cultures.

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Carl Jung

Carl Gustav Jung (26 July 1875 – 6 June 1961) was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology.

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Celtic cross

The Celtic cross is a form of Christian cross featuring a nimbus or ring that emerged in Ireland and Britain in the Early Middle Ages.

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Chakra

Chakras (Sanskrit: चक्र, IAST: cakra, Pali: cakka, lit. wheel, circle) are the various focal points in the subtle body used in a variety of ancient meditation practices, collectively denominated as Tantra, or the esoteric or inner traditions of Indian religion, Chinese Taoism, Tibetan Buddhism, as well as Japanese Esoteric Buddhism, and in postmodernity, in new age medicine, and originally psychologically adopted to the western mind through the assistance of Carl G. Jung.

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Chakravarti (Sanskrit term)

Chakravarti (Sanskrit cakravartin, Pali cakkavattin), is a Sanskrit term used to refer to an ideal universal ruler who rules ethically and benevolently over the entire world.

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Champa

Champa (Chăm Pa) was a collection of independent Cham polities that extended across the coast of what is today central and southern Vietnam from approximately the 2nd century AD before being absorbed and annexed by Vietnamese Emperor Minh Mạng in AD 1832.

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Chanakya

Chanakya (IAST:,; fl. c. 4th century BCE) was an Indian teacher, philosopher, economist, jurist and royal advisor.

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Charnel ground

A charnel ground (Devanagari: श्मशान; Romanized Sanskrit: śmaśān; Tibetan pronunciation: durtrö),Rigpa Shedra (July 2009).

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Chartres Cathedral

Chartres Cathedral, also known as the Cathedral of Our Lady of Chartres (Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Chartres), is a Roman Catholic church of the Latin Church located in Chartres, France, about southwest of Paris.

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China Art Museum

The China Art Museum, also called the China Art Palace (Shanghainese: Zongwu Nyizeh Ghon), is a museum of modern Chinese art located in Pudong, Shanghai.

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Christian

A Christian is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

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Cosmati

The Cosmati were a Roman family, seven members of which, for four generations, were skilful architects, sculptors and workers in decorative geometric mosaic, mostly for church floors.

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Cosmos

The cosmos is the universe.

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Crown of thorns

According to three of the canonical Gospels, a woven crown of thorns was placed on the head of Jesus during the events leading up to the crucifixion of Jesus.

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David Fontana

David G. J. Fontana FBPsS (1 November 1934 – 18 October 2010) was a British psychologist, parapsychologist and author.

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Dharma

Dharma (dharma,; dhamma, translit. dhamma) is a key concept with multiple meanings in the Indian religions – Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism.

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Dharmachakra

The dharmachakra (which is also known as the wheel of dharma), is one of the Ashtamangala of Indian religions such as Jainism, Buddhism, and Hinduism.

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Diamond Realm

In Vajrayana Buddhism, the Diamond Realm (Skt. वज्रधातु vajradhātu, Jp. 金剛界 kongōkai) is a metaphysical space inhabited by the Five Wisdom Buddhas.

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Digha Nikaya

The Digha Nikaya (dīghanikāya; "Collection of Long Discourses") is a Buddhist scripture, the first of the five nikayas, or collections, in the Sutta Pitaka, which is one of the "three baskets" that compose the Pali Tipitaka of (Theravada) Buddhism.

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Dreamspell

The Dreamspell is an esoteric calendar in part inspired by the Maya calendar by New Age spiritualist, Mayanist philosopher, and author José Argüelles, initiated in 1987 and released as a board game in 1992.

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Enlightenment in Buddhism

The English term enlightenment is the western translation of the term bodhi, "awakening", which was popularised in the Western world through the 19th century translations of Max Müller.

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Esoteric Christianity

Esoteric Christianity (also known as Hermetic Christianity or Mystic Christianity) is an ensemble of spiritual currents which regard Christianity as a mystery religion, and profess the existence and possession of certain esoteric doctrines or practices of which the public is unaware (or even to which they may be denied access) but which are understood by a small group of people.

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Five Tathagatas

In Vajrayana Buddhism, the Five Tathāgatas (pañcatathāgata) or Five Wisdom Tathāgatas, the Five Great Buddhas and the Five Jinas (Sanskrit for "conqueror" or "victor"), are emanations and representations of the five qualities of the Adi-Buddha or "first Buddha" Vairocana or Vajradhara, which is associated with Dharmakaya.

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Form constant

A form constant is one of several geometric patterns which are recurringly observed during hallucinations and altered states of consciousness.

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Formal balance

Formal balance, also called symmetrical balance, is a concept of aesthetic composition involving equal weight and importance on both sides of a composition.

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Ganachakra

A ganacakra (Sanskrit: gaṇacakra "gathering circle") is also known as tsog, ganapuja, cakrapuja or ganacakrapuja.

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Glyph

In typography, a glyph is an elemental symbol within an agreed set of symbols, intended to represent a readable character for the purposes of writing.

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Gohonzon

Gohonzon is a generic term for a venerated religious object in Japanese Buddhism.

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Great chain of being

The Great Chain of Being is a strict hierarchical structure of all matter and life, thought in medieval Christianity to have been decreed by God.

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Halo (religious iconography)

A halo (from Greek ἅλως, halōs; also known as a nimbus, aureole, glory, or gloriole) is a crown of light rays, circle or disk of light that surrounds a person in art.

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Hanging scroll

A hanging scroll (also called 軸 or 掛軸) is one of the many traditional ways to display and exhibit East Asian painting and calligraphy.

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Hermeticism

Hermeticism, also called Hermetism, is a religious, philosophical, and esoteric tradition based primarily upon writings attributed to Hermes Trismegistus ("Thrice Great").

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Hildegard of Bingen

Hildegard of Bingen (Hildegard von Bingen; Hildegardis Bingensis; 1098 – 17 September 1179), also known as Saint Hildegard and Sibyl of the Rhine, was a German Benedictine abbess, writer, composer, philosopher, Christian mystic, visionary, and polymath.

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Hinduism

Hinduism is an Indian religion and dharma, or a way of life, widely practised in the Indian subcontinent.

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Historical Vedic religion

The historical Vedic religion (also known as Vedism, Brahmanism, Vedic Brahmanism, and ancient Hinduism) was the religion of the Indo-Aryans of northern India during the Vedic period.

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Human sacrifice in Aztec culture

Human sacrifice was common to many parts of Mesoamerica.

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Image of Edessa

According to Christian tradition, the Image of Edessa was a holy relic consisting of a square or rectangle of cloth upon which a miraculous image of the face of Jesus had been imprinted—the first icon ("image").

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Imphal

Imphal is the capital city of the Indian state of Manipur.

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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Invocation

An invocation (from the Latin verb invocare "to call on, invoke, to give") may take the form of.

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Jainism

Jainism, traditionally known as Jain Dharma, is an ancient Indian religion.

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Jōdo Shinshū

, also known as Shin Buddhism or True Pure Land Buddhism, is a school of Pure Land Buddhism.

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John Dee

John Dee (13 July 1527 – 1608 or 1609) was an English mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, occult philosopher, and advisor to Queen Elizabeth I. He devoted much of his life to the study of alchemy, divination, and Hermetic philosophy.

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José Argüelles

José Argüelles, born Joseph Anthony Arguelles (January 24, 1939 – March 23, 2011), was an American New Age author and artist.

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Kalachakra

The Kalachakra (Sanskrit कालचक्र,; Цогт Цагийн Хүрдэн Tsogt Tsagiin Hurden) is a term used in Vajrayana Buddhism that means wheel of time or "time-cycles".

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Kangla Palace

The Palace of Kangla is an old palace at Imphal in Manipur (Kangleipak).

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Kanji

Kanji (漢字) are the adopted logographic Chinese characters that are used in the Japanese writing system.

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Kūkai

Kūkai (空海), also known posthumously as, 774–835, was a Japanese Buddhist monk, civil servant, scholar, poet, and artist who founded the Shingon or "True Word" school of Buddhism.

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Key of Solomon

The Key of Solomon (Latin: Clavicula Salomonis, Hebrew: Mafteah Shelomoh) is a pseudepigraphical grimoire attributed to King Solomon.

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Khmer Empire

The Khmer Empire (Khmer: ចក្រភពខ្មែរ: Chakrphup Khmer or អាណាចក្រខ្មែរ: Anachak Khmer), officially the Angkor Empire (Khmer: អាណាចក្រអង្គរ: Anachak Angkor), the predecessor state to modern Cambodia ("Kampuchea" or "Srok Khmer" to the Khmer people), was a powerful Hindu-Buddhist empire in Southeast Asia.

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Longer Sukhāvatīvyūha Sūtra

The Longer Sukhāvatīvyūha Sūtra (or Infinite Life Sutra) is one of the two Indian Mahayana sutras which describe the pure land of Amitābha.

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Macrocosm and microcosm

Macrocosm and microcosm refers to a vision of cosmos where the part (microcosm) reflects the whole (macrocosm) and vice versa.

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Madhu Khanna

Madhu Khanna is an Indian people historian of religion and noted Tantric scholar based in Delhi.

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Magic circle

A magic circle is a circle (or sphere, field) of space marked out by practitioners of many branches of ritual magic, which they generally believe will contain energy and form a sacred space, or will provide them a form of magical protection, or both.

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Mahavira

Mahavira (IAST), also known as Vardhamāna, was the twenty-fourth Tirthankara (ford-maker) of Jainism which was revived and re-established by him.

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Majapahit

The Majapahit Empire (Javanese: ꦏꦫꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦩꦗꦥꦲꦶꦠ꧀ Karaton Majapahit, Kerajaan Majapahit) was a thalassocracy in Southeast Asia, based on the island of Java (part of modern-day Indonesia), that existed from 1293 to circa 1500.

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Man and His Symbols

Man and His Symbols is the last work undertaken by Carl Jung before his death in 1961.

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Mandala of the Two Realms

The Mandala of the Two Realms (Jp. 両界曼荼羅 Ryōkai mandara), also known as the Mandala of the Two Divisions (Jp. 両部曼荼羅 Ryōbu mandara), is a set of two mandalas depicting both the Five Wisdom Buddhas of the Diamond Realm as well as the Five Wisdom Kings of the Womb Realm.

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Mandali Mendrilla

Mandali Mendrilla (born 1976 in Rijeka, Croatia) is an American fashion designer, who mainly works in Europe, the US, and India.

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Manipur

Manipur is a state in Northeast India, with the city of Imphal as its capital.

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Mantra

A "mantra" ((Sanskrit: मन्त्र)) is a sacred utterance, a numinous sound, a syllable, word or phonemes, or group of words in Sanskrit believed by practitioners to have psychological and spiritual powers.

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Marie-Louise von Franz

Marie-Louise von Franz (4 January 1915 – 17 February 1998) was a Swiss Jungian psychologist and scholar, renowned for her psychological interpretations of fairy tales and of alchemical manuscripts.

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Maya civilization

The Maya civilization was a Mesoamerican civilization developed by the Maya peoples, and noted for its hieroglyphic script—the only known fully developed writing system of the pre-Columbian Americas—as well as for its art, architecture, mathematics, calendar, and astronomical system.

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Meditation

Meditation can be defined as a practice where an individual uses a technique, such as focusing their mind on a particular object, thought or activity, to achieve a mentally clear and emotionally calm state.

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Memories, Dreams, Reflections

Memories, Dreams, Reflections (Erinnerungen, Träume, Gedanken) is a partially autobiographical book by Swiss psychologist Carl Jung and an associate, Aniela Jaffé.

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Mesoamerica

Mesoamerica is an important historical region and cultural area in the Americas, extending from approximately central Mexico through Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and northern Costa Rica, and within which pre-Columbian societies flourished before the Spanish colonization of the Americas in the 15th and 16th centuries.

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Moctezuma II

Moctezuma II (c. 1466 – 29 June 1520), variant spellings include Montezuma, Moteuczoma, Motecuhzoma, Motēuczōmah, and referred to in full by early Nahuatl texts as Motecuhzoma Xocoyotzin (Moctezuma the Young),moteːkʷˈsoːma ʃoːkoˈjoːtsin was the ninth tlatoani or ruler of Tenochtitlan, reigning from 1502 to 1520.

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Mosaic

A mosaic is a piece of art or image made from the assemblage of small pieces of colored glass, stone, or other materials.

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Mount Meru

Mount Meru (Sanskrit: मेरु, Tibetan: ཪི་རྒྱལ་པོ་རི་རབ་, Sumeru, Sineru or Mahameru) is the sacred five-peaked mountain of Hindu, Jain, and Buddhist cosmology and is considered to be the center of all the physical, metaphysical and spiritual universes.

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Namkha

Namkha (Tibetan: ནམ་མཁའ་ nam mkha' "sky", "space", "aether"," heaven"), also known as Dö; (Tibetan mdos (མདོས)) is a form of yarn or thread cross composed traditionally of wool or silk and is a form of the Endless knot of the Eight Auspicious Symbols (Ashtamangala).

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Namu Myōhō Renge Kyō

Namu Myōhō Renge Kyō (南無妙法蓮華經) (also pronounced Nam Myōhō Renge Kyō) (English: Devotion to the Mystic Law of the Lotus Sutra or Glory to the Sutra of the Lotus of the Supreme Law) is the central mantra chanted within all forms of Nichiren Buddhism as well as Tendai Buddhism.

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Naropa

Nāropā (Prakrit; Nāropadā or Naḍapāda) (probably died ca. 1040 CE) was an Indian Buddhist Mahasiddha.

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National Museum of Anthropology (Mexico)

The National Museum of Anthropology (Museo Nacional de Antropología, MNA) is a national museum of Mexico.

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Navagraha

Navagraha means "nine planets" in Sanskrit and are nine astronomical bodies as well as mythical deities in Hinduism and Hindu astrology.

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Nepal

Nepal (नेपाल), officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal (सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल), is a landlocked country in South Asia located mainly in the Himalayas but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain.

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New Age

New Age is a term applied to a range of spiritual or religious beliefs and practices that developed in Western nations during the 1970s.

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Nianfo

Nianfo (Japanese:,, Phật) is a term commonly seen in Pure Land Buddhism.

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Nichiren

Nichiren (日蓮; 16 February 1222 – 13 October 1282), born as, was a Japanese Buddhist priest who lived during the Kamakura period (1185–1333).

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Nichiren Buddhism

Nichiren Buddhism is a branch of Mahayana Buddhism based on the teachings of the 13th century Japanese Buddhist priest Nichiren (1222–1282) and is one of the "Kamakura Buddhism" schools.

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Nondualism

In spirituality, nondualism, also called non-duality, means "not two" or "one undivided without a second".

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Oculus

An oculus (plural oculi, from Latin oculus, 'eye') is a circular opening in the center of a dome or in a wall.

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Pagan Kingdom

The Kingdom of Pagan (ပုဂံခေတ်,, lit. "Pagan Period"; also commonly known as the Pagan Dynasty and the Pagan Empire) was the first kingdom to unify the regions that would later constitute modern-day Burma (Myanmar).

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Pali Text Society

The Pali Text Society is a text publication society founded in 1881 by Thomas William Rhys Davids "to foster and promote the study of Pāli texts".

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Pavement (architecture)

Pavement, in construction, is an outdoor floor or superficial surface covering.

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Pāli Canon

The Pāli Canon is the standard collection of scriptures in the Theravada Buddhist tradition, as preserved in the Pāli language.

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Per Kværne

Per Kværne (born 1 April 1945) is a prominent Norwegian tibetologist and historian of religion.

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Phylogenetic tree

A phylogenetic tree or evolutionary tree is a branching diagram or "tree" showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species or other entities—their phylogeny—based upon similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics.

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Phylogenetics

In biology, phylogenetics (Greek: φυλή, φῦλον – phylé, phylon.

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Prajnaparamita

Prajñāpāramitā means "the Perfection of (Transcendent) Wisdom" in Mahāyāna Buddhism.

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Pure land

A pure land is the celestial realm or pure abode of a buddha or bodhisattva in Mahayana Buddhism.

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Pure Land Buddhism

Pure Land Buddhism (浄土仏教 Jōdo bukkyō; Korean:; Tịnh Độ Tông), also referred to as Amidism in English, is a broad branch of Mahayana Buddhism and one of the most widely practiced traditions of Buddhism in East Asia.

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Rajamandala

The Rajamandala (or Raja-mandala meaning "circle of kings"; मण्डल, mandala is a Sanskrit word that means "circle") was formulated by the Indian author Kautilya in his work on politics, the Arthashastra (written between 4th century BC and 2nd century AD).

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Ratnasambhava

Ratnasambhava (Lit. "Jewel-Born") is one of the Five Dhyani Buddhas (or "Five Meditation Buddhas") of Vajrayana or Tantric Buddhism.

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Religious art

Religious art or sacred art is artistic imagery using religious inspiration and motifs and is often intended to uplift the mind to the spiritual.

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Rennyo

Rennyo (蓮如, 1415–1499) was the 8th Monshu, or head-priest, of the Hongan-ji Temple of the Jōdo Shinshū sect of Buddhism, and descendant of founder Shinran.

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Rigveda

The Rigveda (Sanskrit: ऋग्वेद, from "praise" and "knowledge") is an ancient Indian collection of Vedic Sanskrit hymns along with associated commentaries on liturgy, ritual and mystical exegesis.

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Rosary

The Holy Rosary (rosarium, in the sense of "crown of roses" or "garland of roses"), also known as the Dominican Rosary, refers to a form of prayer used in the Catholic Church and to the string of knots or beads used to count the component prayers.

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Rose Cross

The Rose Cross (also called Rose Croix and Rosy Cross) is a symbol largely associated with the semi-mythical Christian Rosenkreuz, Qabbalist and alchemist and founder of the Rosicrucian Order.

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Rose window

A rose window or Catherine window is often used as a generic term applied to a circular window, but is especially used for those found in churches of the Gothic architectural style and being divided into segments by stone mullions and tracery.

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Rosicrucianism

Rosicrucianism is a spiritual and cultural movement which arose in Europe in the early 17th century after the publication of several texts which purported to announce the existence of a hitherto unknown esoteric order to the world and made seeking its knowledge attractive to many.

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Rubin Museum of Art

The Rubin Museum of Art is a museum dedicated to the collection, display, and preservation of the art and cultures of the Himalayas, India and neighboring regions, with a permanent collection focused particularly on Tibetan art.

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Saṃsāra

Saṃsāra is a Sanskrit word that means "wandering" or "world", with the connotation of cyclic, circuitous change.

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Sahaja

Sahaja (sahaja), means co-emergent.

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Saint John the Baptist, Maddermarket, Norwich

The Church of St John the Baptist, Maddermarket, is a redundant Anglican church in the city of Norwich, Norfolk, England.

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Sand mandala

Sand Mandala is a Tibetan Buddhist tradition involving the creation and destruction of mandalas made from coloured sand.

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Sandpainting

Sandpainting is the art of pouring coloured sands, and powdered pigments from minerals or crystals, or pigments from other natural or synthetic sources onto a surface to make a fixed, or unfixed sand painting.

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Sanskrit

Sanskrit is the primary liturgical language of Hinduism; a philosophical language of Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism; and a former literary language and lingua franca for the educated of ancient and medieval India.

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Sādhanā

Sādhana (Sanskrit साधन), literally "a means of accomplishing something", is a generic term coming from the yogic tradition and it refers to any spiritual exercise that is aimed at progressing the sādhaka towards the very ultimate expression of his or her life in this reality.

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Schuyler V. R. Cammann

Schuyler Van Rensselaer Cammann (February 2, 1912 in New York City – September 9, 1991 in Sugar Hill, New Hampshire) was an anthropologist best known for work in Asia.

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Shingon Buddhism

is one of the major schools of Buddhism in Japan and one of the few surviving Vajrayana lineages in East Asia, originally spread from India to China through traveling monks such as Vajrabodhi and Amoghavajra.

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Shinran

Popular Buddhism In Japan: Shin Buddhist Religion & Culture by Esben Andreasen, pp.

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Siddhaṃ script

, also known in its later evolved form as Siddhamātṛkā, is a script used for writing Sanskrit from c. 550 – c. 1200.

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Sigillum Dei

The Sigillum Dei (seal of God, or signum dei vivi, symbol of the living God, called by John Dee the Sigillum Dei Aemeth) was a late Middle Ages magical diagram, composed of two circles, a pentagram, and three heptagons, and is labeled with the name of God and his angels.

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Silk

Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles.

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Sri Yantra

The Sri Yantra or Sri Chakra is a form of mystical diagram (yantra) used in the Shri Vidya school of Hindu tantra.

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Srivijaya

Srivijaya (also written Sri Vijaya, Indonesian/Malay: Sriwijaya, Javanese: ꦯꦿꦶꦮꦶꦗꦪ, Sundanese:, ศรีวิชัย, Sanskrit: श्रीविजय, Śrīvijaya, Khmer: ស្រីវិជ័យ "Srey Vichey", known by the Chinese as Shih-li-fo-shih and San-fo-ch'i t) was a dominant thalassocratic Malay city-state based on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia, which influenced much of Southeast Asia.

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Stupa

A stupa (Sanskrit: "heap") is a mound-like or hemispherical structure containing relics (śarīra - typically the remains of Buddhist monks or nuns) that is used as a place of meditation.

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Symbol

A symbol is a mark, sign or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, or relationship.

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Taima Mandala

The Taima Mandala (當麻曼荼羅,綴織当麻曼荼羅図) is a mandala in Japanese Pure Land Buddhism.

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Tantra

Tantra (Sanskrit: तन्त्र, literally "loom, weave, system") denotes the esoteric traditions of Hinduism and Buddhism that co-developed most likely about the middle of 1st millennium CE.

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Tantras

Tantras ("Looms" or "Weavings") refers to numerous and varied scriptures pertaining to any of several esoteric traditions rooted in Hindu and Buddhist philosophy.

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Tapestry

Tapestry is a form of textile art, traditionally woven on a vertical loom.

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Temenos

Temenos (Greek: τέμενος; plural: τεμένη, temene).

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Tenochtitlan

Tenochtitlan (Tenochtitlan), originally known as México-Tenochtitlán (meːˈʃíʔ.ko te.noːt͡ʃ.ˈtí.t͡ɬan), was a large Mexica city-state in what is now the center of Mexico City.

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Thamel

Thamel is a commercial neighbourhood in Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal.

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The Layer Monument

The Layer monument is an early 17th-century polychrome marble mural monument (320 × 350 cm) erected to the memory of the lawyer Christopher Layer (1531–1600), and located in the Church of Saint John the Baptist, Maddermarket, Norwich.

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Tibet

Tibet is a historical region covering much of the Tibetan Plateau in Central Asia.

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Tibetan Buddhism

Tibetan Buddhism is the form of Buddhist doctrine and institutions named after the lands of Tibet, but also found in the regions surrounding the Himalayas and much of Central Asia.

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Tirthankara

In Jainism, a tirthankara (Sanskrit:; English: literally a 'ford-maker') is a saviour and spiritual teacher of the dharma (righteous path).

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Tlaltecuhtli

Tlaltecuhtli is a pre-Columbian Mesoamerican deity, identified from sculpture and iconography dating to the Late Postclassic period of Mesoamerican chronology (ca. 1200–1519), primarily among the Mexica (Aztec) and other Nahuatl-speaking cultures.

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Tonatiuh

In Aztec mythology, Tonatiuh (Nahuatl: Ōllin Tōnatiuh "Movement of the Sun") was the sun god.

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Trance

Trance denotes any state of awareness or consciousness other than normal waking consciousness.

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Universe

The Universe is all of space and time and their contents, including planets, stars, galaxies, and all other forms of matter and energy.

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Vairocana

Vairocana (also Vairochana or Mahāvairocana, वैरोचन) is a celestial buddha who is often interpreted, in texts like the Flower Garland Sutra, as the Dharma Body of the historical Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama).

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Vajra

Vajra is a Sanskrit word meaning both thunderbolt and diamond.

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Vajravārāhī

In Tibetan Buddhism, Vajravārāhī ("The Diamond Sow", Dorje Pakmo) is a wrathful form of Vajrayogini associated particularly with the Cakrasaṃvara Tantra, where she is paired in yab-yum with the Heruka Cakrasaṃvara.

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Vajrayana

Vajrayāna, Mantrayāna, Tantrayāna, Tantric Buddhism and Esoteric Buddhism are the various Buddhist traditions of Tantra and "Secret Mantra", which developed in medieval India and spread to Tibet and East Asia.

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Vajrayogini

Vajrayoginī (Vajrayoginī;, Dorjé Neljorma; Огторгуйд Одогч, Нархажид) is a Tantric Buddhist female Buddha and a. Vajrayoginī's essence is "great passion" (maharaga), a transcendent passion that is free of selfishness and illusion, and intensely works for the well-being of others and for the destruction of ego clinging.

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Vishnu

Vishnu (Sanskrit: विष्णु, IAST) is one of the principal deities of Hinduism, and the Supreme Being in its Vaishnavism tradition.

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Vitalism

Vitalism is the belief that "living organisms are fundamentally different from non-living entities because they contain some non-physical element or are governed by different principles than are inanimate things".

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Westminster Abbey

Westminster Abbey, formally titled the Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, is a large, mainly Gothic abbey church in the City of Westminster, London, England, just to the west of the Palace of Westminster.

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Wisdom King

In Vajrayana Buddhism, a Wisdom King (Sanskrit Vidyārāja) is the third type of deity after buddhas and Bodhisattvas.

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Wish tree

A wish tree is an individual tree, usually distinguished by species, position or appearance, which is used as an object of wishes and offerings.

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Womb Realm

In Vajrayana Buddhism, the Womb Realm (garbhakoṣadhātu, 胎蔵界 taizōkai) is the metaphysical space inhabited by the Wisdom Kings.

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Yantra

Yantra (यन्त्र) (Sanskrit) (literally "machine, contraption") is a mystical diagram, mainly from the Tantric traditions of the Indian religions.

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Yidam

Yidam is a type of deity associated with tantric or Vajrayana Buddhism said to be manifestations of Buddhahood or enlightened mind.

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Yuan dynasty

The Yuan dynasty, officially the Great Yuan (Yehe Yuan Ulus), was the empire or ruling dynasty of China established by Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan.

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14th century

As a means of recording the passage of time, the 14th century was the century lasting from January 1, 1301, to December 31, 1400.

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15th century

The 15th century was the century which spans the Julian years 1401 to 1500.

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Kyil khor, Mandalas, Maṇḍala.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandala

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