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Matteo Renzi

Index Matteo Renzi

Matteo Renzi (born 11 January 1975) is an Italian politician who served as the Prime Minister of Italy from February 2014 until December 2016. [1]

539 relations: Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, Abdelaziz Bouteflika, Abdelmalek Sellal, Abruzzo, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, Abu Dhabi, Accession of Turkey to the European Union, Accumoli, Acerbo Law, ACF Fiorentina, Additional Member System, Afghanistan, Africa, Agenzia Nazionale Stampa Associata, Agnese Landini, Agostinho Neto, Ahmet Davutoğlu, Al-Qaeda, Alcide De Gasperi, Alexis Tsipras, Alfa Romeo, Algeria, Algiers, Ali Khamenei, Alitalia, Andrea Orlando, Angela Merkel, Angelino Alfano, Anna Finocchiaro, Anne Hidalgo, Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, Argentine general election, 2015, Armando Guebuza, Article 1 – Democratic and Progressive Movement, Ashgabat, Asia–Europe Meeting, Associazione Guide e Scouts Cattolici Italiani, Astana, Atacama Desert, Auction, August 2016 Central Italy earthquake, Austerity, Barack Obama, Bardo National Museum attack, BBC, BBC News, Beatrice Lorenzin, Beijing, Benito Mussolini, Benjamin Netanyahu, ..., Beppe Grillo, Berlin, Bicameralism, Big Four (Western Europe), Bill Clinton, Black bloc, Bloomberg L.P., BMW, Bologna, Boris Nemtsov, Brisbane, Bruno Tabacci, Brussels, Buenos Aires, Bundesrat of Germany, Bureaucrat, Cairo, California, Carlo Calenda, Castenaso, Catholic Church, Central America, Central European Summer Time, Central Italy, Centre-left coalition, Centre-right coalition, Centrism, Chamber of Deputies (Italy), Chancellor of Germany, Charlie Hebdo shooting, Che tempo che fa, Chile, China, Christian, Christian Democracy (Italy), Civic Choice, Civil union, Climate change, Cold War, Colombia, Common Foreign and Security Policy, Communist Party of Vietnam, Condoleezza Rice, Conservative Party (UK), Constituent Assembly of Italy, Constitution of Italy, Constitutional Court of Italy, Coordinated Universal Time, Corporate tax, Corriere della Sera, Council of Ministers (Italy), Crimea, Crimean status referendum, 2014, Cuba, Cuba–United States relations, Cuban thaw, D'Hondt method, Dante Alighieri, Dario Franceschini, Dario Nardella, David (Michelangelo), David Cameron, Debora Serracchiani, Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy, Democratic Centre (Italy), Democratic Party (Italy), Democratic Party (Italy) leadership election, 2013, Democratic Party (Italy) leadership election, 2017, Democratic Party (United States), Democratic socialism, Denis Sassou Nguesso, Dmitry Medvedev, Earthquake, East Africa, East Asia, EBay, Egyptian presidential election, 2014, Emilia-Romagna, Emma Bonino, Enel, Eni, Enrico Costa (politician), Enrico Letta, Enrico Rossi (politician), Enrique Peña Nieto, Epicenter, Erbil, Eritrea, Etihad Airways, Euro, Europe, European Border and Coast Guard Agency, European Central Bank, European Commission, European Court of Human Rights, European debt crisis, European integration, European migrant crisis, European Parliament, European Parliament election, 2014 (Italy), European People's Party, European Southern Observatory, European Union, Expo 2015, Expo 2015 pavilions, Fausto Bertinotti, Fayez al-Sarraj, Federica Guidi, Federica Mogherini, Financial Times, First Economic Adjustment Programme for Greece, First-past-the-post voting, Five Star Movement, Florence, Foreign Policy, Fortune (magazine), Forza Italia (2013), FP Top 100 Global Thinkers, François Hollande, Francesco Rutelli, Franco Marini, Frank Underwood (House of Cards), Free and Equal (Italy), Fuad Masum, Futsal, G20, General Confederation of Italian Industry, George P. Shultz, Ghana, Gian Luca Galletti, Gianni Cuperlo, Giorgio La Pira, Giorgio Napolitano, Giovanni Galli, Girton College, Cambridge, Giuliano Poletti, Giulio Santagata, Giuseppe Civati, Google, Graziano Delrio, Greece, Group of Eight, Group of Seven, Guardia di Finanza, Guglielmo Epifani, Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow, Haider al-Abadi, Hanoi, Hassan Rouhani, High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Hillary Clinton, Hillary Clinton presidential campaign, 2016, History of Italy, History of the Italian Republic, Ho Chi Minh, Holy See, House of Cards (U.S. TV series), HuffPost, Hung parliament, Il Fatto Quotidiano, Immigration, Immigration to Italy, Income tax, Independent politician, Indirect election, International military intervention against ISIL, International Monetary Fund, International sanctions during the Ukrainian crisis, Iran, Iraq, Iraqi Civil War (2014–present), Iraqi insurgency (2011–13), Iraqi Kurdistan, Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, Islamic terrorism, Islamism, Israel, Italian Army, Italian centre-left primary election, 2012, Italian Communist Youth Federation, Italian Confederation of Workers' Trade Unions, Italian constitutional referendum, 2016, Italian electoral law of 2015, Italian electoral law of 2017, Italian General Confederation of Labour, Italian general election, 1958, Italian general election, 1996, Italian general election, 2013, Italian general election, 2018, Italian Labour Union, Italian Left, Italian lira, Italian local elections, 2014, Italian Minister of Agriculture, Italian Minister of Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism, Italian Minister of Defence, Italian Minister of Economic Development, Italian Minister of Economy and Finances, Italian Minister of Education, Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Italian Minister of Health, Italian Minister of Infrastructures and Transports, Italian Minister of Justice, Italian Minister of Labour and Social Policies, Italian Minister of Regional Affairs and Autonomies, Italian Minister of the Environment, Italian Minister of the Interior, Italian National Olympic Committee, Italian Parliament, Italian People's Party (1994), Italian presidential election, 2013, Italian presidential election, 2015, Italian Radical Party, Italian regional elections, 2015, Italian special forces, Italy, Jaguar Cars, Jean-Claude Juncker, Jerusalem, John L. Hennessy, Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, José Eduardo dos Santos, Joseph Muscat, Kevin Spacey, Knesset, La Nazione, La Repubblica, La Ruota Della Fortuna, La7, Labour Party (UK), Lampedusa, Laura Puppato, Law enforcement in Italy, Lazio, Left Ecology Freedom, Lega Nord, Legislative Assembly of Emilia-Romagna, Leonardo Domenici, Leonardo S.p.A., Li Keqiang, Liberalism, Liberalism in Europe, Libya, Libyan Civil War (2014–present), Liceo classico, Lingotto, List of heads of state of Mozambique, List of mayors of Florence, List of mayors of Paris, List of mayors of Turin, List of migrant vessel incidents on the Mediterranean Sea, List of Presidents of Apulia, List of Prime Ministers of Luxembourg, List of Secretaries of the Democratic Party (Italy), Lombardy, Lorenzo Guerini, Luanda, Luigi Di Maio, Luxury vehicle, Magistrate, Mahmoud Abbas, Mantua, Manuel Valls, Marche, Maria Carmela Lanzetta, Maria Elena Boschi, Mariam Yahia Ibrahim Ishag, Marianna Madia, Marina Sereni, Mario Monti, Maserati, Masoud Barzani, Mass (liturgy), Massimo D'Alema, Matteo Orfini, Matteo Richetti, Matteo Salvini, Mauricio Macri, Maurizio Landini, Maurizio Lupi, Maurizio Martina, Mayor, Mediterranean Sea, Member of the European Parliament, Michelangelo, Michele Emiliano, Michelle Bachelet, Middle East, Mike Bongiorno, Milan, Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport (Italy), Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Moment magnitude scale, More Europe, Moscow, Moscow Kremlin, Muhammadu Buhari, Murder of Giulio Regeni, Muslim Brotherhood, Mustapha Ben Jafar, Nechirvan Barzani, New Centre-Right, New York City, Nguyễn Phú Trọng, Nguyễn Tấn Dũng, Nichi Vendola, Nigeria, Nigeria Police Force, Non-governmental organization, Norcia, Nord Stream, North Africa, Nouri al-Maliki, Nuclear program of Iran, Nursultan Nazarbayev, Oil, Operation Mare Nostrum, Operation Triton, Outline of LGBT topics, P5+1, Palazzo Chigi, Panavia Tornado, Paolo Gentiloni, Paranal Observatory, Paris, Party of European Socialists, Peru, Peshmerga, Petro Poroshenko, Pier Carlo Padoan, Pier Luigi Bersani, Piero Fassino, Pietro Grasso, Plurality (voting), Politics, Politics of Italy, Pope Francis, Popular Alternative, Popular Area, Popular Civic List, Populism, Poste italiane, President of Angola, President of Argentina, President of Chile, President of Cuba, President of Egypt, President of France, President of Iran, President of Italy, President of Kazakhstan, President of Mexico, President of Russia, President of the European Commission, President of the Palestinian National Authority, President of the People's Republic of China, President of the United States, President of Turkey, President of Ukraine, President of Vietnam, Primary election, Prime Minister of France, Prime Minister of Greece, Prime Minister of Israel, Prime Minister of Italy, Prime Minister of Japan, Prime Minister of Malta, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Prime Minister of Turkey, Prime Minister of Vietnam, Privately held company, Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats, Progressivism, Proportional representation, Province of Florence, Public administration, Quirinal Palace, Raúl Castro, Ramallah, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Referee (association football), Regional Council of Lombardy, Regions of Italy, Renewable energy, Renzi Cabinet, Republic of the Congo, Republican marches, RIA Novosti, Rignano sull'Arno, Roberta Pinotti, Romano Prodi, Rome, Ronald P. Spogli, Russia, Russian military intervention in Ukraine (2014–present), Same-sex relationship, Santiago, Scout (Scouting), Scouting, Secretary of state, Senate, Senate of the Republic (Italy), Senegal, Sergio Mattarella, Shinzō Abe, Sicilian Regional Assembly, Silicon Valley, Silvio Berlusconi, Social democracy, Social network, Socialist Party (France), South America, Sport in Italy, Srebrenica, Stanford University, Startup company, State dinner, Stefania Giannini, Stefano Fassina, Stefano Rodotà, Stepfamily, Student publication, Sudan, Susanna Camusso, Syria, Syrian Civil War, Syriza, Tax evasion, Tear gas, Terna Group, The Boston Globe, The Daily Telegraph, The Economist, The Guardian, The Independent, The Wall Street Journal, Third Way, Together (Italy), Tokyo, Tony Blair, Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership, Trương Tấn Sang, Trial, Tunis, Tunisia, Turin, Turkmenistan, Tuscany, Twitter, Ukraine, Ukrainian crisis, Umbria, Unemployment, Union of the Centre (2002), United Nations, United Nations General Assembly, United States, United States Army, United States Geological Survey, United States of Europe, University of Cambridge, University of Florence, Vasco Errani, Vatican City, Veneto, Vietnam, Virginia Raggi, Visso, Vladimir Putin, Wales, Walter Veltroni, War in Donbass, West Africa, Western world, Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show), White House, Wi-Fi, Xi Jinping, Yahoo!, 10 Downing Street, 1980 Irpinia earthquake, 2012 Northern Italy earthquakes, 2014 G20 Brisbane summit, 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict, 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine, 2014 Wales summit, 2024 Summer Olympics, 40 under 40 (Fortune magazine), 40th G7 summit. 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Abdel Fattah el-Sisi

Abdel Fattah Saeed Hussein Khalil el-Sisi (عبد الفتاح سعيد حسين خليل السيسي,; born 19 November 1954) is an Egyptian politician who is the current sixth President of Egypt, in office since 2014.

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Abdelaziz Bouteflika

Abdelaziz Bouteflika, GColIH (عبد العزيز بوتفليقة ‘Abd al-‘Azīz Būtaflīqa; born 2 March 1937) is an Algerian politician who has been the fifth President of Algeria since 1999.

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Abdelmalek Sellal

Abdelmalek Sellal (عبد المالك سلال ‘Abd al-Malek Sallāl; born 1 August 1948) is an Algerian politician who was Prime Minister of Algeria from 3 September 2012 to 13 March 2014 and again from April 2014 to May 2017.

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Abruzzo

Abruzzo (Aquiliano: Abbrùzzu) is a region of Southern Italy, with an area of 10,763 square km (4,156 sq mi) and a population of 1.2 million.

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Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi

Abū Bakr al-Baghdadi (أبو بكر البغدادي; born Ibrahim Awad Ibrahim al-Badri إبراهيم عواد إبراهيم علي محمد البدري السامرائي in 1971) is the leader of the Salafi jihadist militant terrorist organisation known as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL),Rewards for Justice – Retrieved 25 January 2017 which controls territory in several countries.

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Abu Dhabi

Abu Dhabi (أبو ظبي) is the capital and the second most populous city of the United Arab Emirates (the most populous being Dubai), and also capital of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, the largest of the UAE's seven emirates.

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Accession of Turkey to the European Union

Turkey's application to accede to the European Economic Community, the predecessor of the European Union (EU), was made on 14 April 1987.

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Accumoli

Accumoli is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rieti in the Italian region Lazio, located about northeast of Rome and about northeast of Rieti.

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Acerbo Law

The Acerbo Law was an Italian electoral law proposed by Baron Giacomo Acerbo and passed by the Italian Parliament in November 1923.

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ACF Fiorentina

ACF Fiorentina S.p.A., commonly referred to as simply Fiorentina, is a professional Italian football club from Florence, Tuscany.

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Additional Member System

The additional member system (AMS), also known as mixed-member proportional representation (MMP) outside the United Kingdom, is a mixed electoral system with one tier of single-member district representatives, and another tier of "additional members" elected to make the overall election results more proportional.

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Afghanistan

Afghanistan (Pashto/Dari:, Pashto: Afġānistān, Dari: Afġānestān), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia.

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Africa

Africa is the world's second largest and second most-populous continent (behind Asia in both categories).

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Agenzia Nazionale Stampa Associata

The Agenzia Nazionale Stampa Associata (ANSA) is the leading wire service in Italy, and one of the leaders among world news agencies.

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Agnese Landini

Agnese Landini (born 11 November 1976) is an Italian teacher, wife of former Prime Minister of Italy Matteo Renzi.

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Agostinho Neto

António Agostinho Neto (17 September 1922 – 10 September 1979) served as the 1st President of Angola (1975–1979), having led the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) in the war for independence (1961–1974).

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Ahmet Davutoğlu

Ahmet Davutoğlu (born 26 February 1959) is a Turkish academic, politician and former diplomat who was the Prime Minister of Turkey and leader of the Justice and Development Party (AKP) from August 2014 to May 2016.

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Al-Qaeda

Al-Qaeda (القاعدة,, translation: "The Base", "The Foundation" or "The Fundament" and alternatively spelled al-Qaida, al-Qæda and sometimes al-Qa'ida) is a militant Sunni Islamist multi-national organization founded in 1988.

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Alcide De Gasperi

Alcide Amedeo Francesco De Gasperi (3 April 1881 – 19 August 1954) was an Italian statesman who founded the Christian Democracy party.

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Alexis Tsipras

Alexis Tsipras (Αλέξης Τσίπρας,; born 28 July 1974) is a Greek politician who has served as the Prime Minister of Greece since 2015.

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Alfa Romeo

Alfa Romeo Automobiles S.p.A. is a car manufacturer, founded by Frenchman Alexandre Darracq as A.L.F.A. (" Anonima Lombarda Fabbrica Automobili", "Lombard Automobile Factory Company") on 24 June 1910, in Milan.

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Algeria

Algeria (الجزائر, familary Algerian Arabic الدزاير; ⴷⵣⴰⵢⴻⵔ; Dzayer; Algérie), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.

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Algiers

Algiers (الجزائر al-Jazā’er, ⴷⵣⴰⵢⴻ, Alger) is the capital and largest city of Algeria.

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Ali Khamenei

Sayyid Ali Hosseini Khamenei (سید علی حسینی خامنه‌ای,; born 17 July 1939) is a ''marja'' and the second and current Supreme Leader of Iran, in office since 1989.

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Alitalia

Alitalia – Società Aerea Italiana (Alitalia – Italian Air Company), operating as Alitalia, is the flag carrier of Italy.

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Andrea Orlando

Andrea Orlando (born 8 February 1969) is an Italian politician.

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Angela Merkel

Angela Dorothea Merkel (Kasner, born 17 July 1954) is a German politician serving as Chancellor of Germany since 2005 and leader of the centre-right Christian Democratic Union (CDU) since 2000.

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Angelino Alfano

Angelino Alfano (born 31 October 1970) is an Italian politician served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 12 December 2016 to 1 June 2018.

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Anna Finocchiaro

Anna Finocchiaro Fidelbo (born 31 March 1955 in Modica) is an Italian politician.

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Anne Hidalgo

Ana María "Anne" Hidalgo (born 19 June 1959) is a Spanish-French politician serving as Mayor of Paris since the 2014 municipal election.

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Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation

The Crimean peninsula was annexed from Ukraine by the Russian Federation in February–March 2014.

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Argentine general election, 2015

General elections were held in Argentina on 25 October 2015 to elect the President and National Congress, and followed primary elections which were held on 9 August 2015.

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Armando Guebuza

Armando Emílio Guebuza (born 20 January 1943) is a Mozambican politician who was President of Mozambique from 2005 to 2015.

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Article 1 – Democratic and Progressive Movement

Article 1 – Democratic and Progressive Movement (Articolo 1 – Movimento Democratico e Progressista, MDP), most commonly known as Democrats and Progressives (Democratici e Progressisti), is a social-democratic political party in Italy, formed in February 2017 by a left-wing split from the Democratic Party (PD) and soon joined by a group of splinters from the Italian Left (SI).

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Ashgabat

Ashgabat (Aşgabat,; ɐʂxɐˈbat) — named Poltoratsk (p) between 1919 and 1927, is the capital and the largest city of Turkmenistan in Central Asia, situated between the Karakum Desert and the Kopet Dag mountain range.

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Asia–Europe Meeting

The Asia–Europe Meeting (ASEM) is an Asian–European political dialogue forum to enhance relations and various forms of cooperation between its partners.

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Associazione Guide e Scouts Cattolici Italiani

The Associazione Guide e Scouts Cattolici Italiani (translation: Association of Italian Catholic Guides and Scouts, AGESCI) is a Catholic Scouting and Guiding association in Italy.

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Astana

Astana (Астана, Astana) is the capital city of Kazakhstan.

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Atacama Desert

The Atacama Desert (Desierto de Atacama) is a plateau in South America (primarily in Chile), covering a 1000-km (600-mi) strip of land on the Pacific coast, west of the Andes mountains.

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Auction

An auction is a process of buying and selling goods or services by offering them up for bid, taking bids, and then selling the item to the highest bidder.

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August 2016 Central Italy earthquake

An earthquake, measuring 6.2 ± 0.016 on the moment magnitude scale, hit Central Italy on 24 August 2016 at 03:36:32 CEST (01:36 UTC).

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Austerity

Austerity is a political-economic term referring to policies that aim to reduce government budget deficits through spending cuts, tax increases, or a combination of both.

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Barack Obama

Barack Hussein Obama II (born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from January 20, 2009, to January 20, 2017.

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Bardo National Museum attack

On 18 March 2015, three militants attacked the Bardo National Museum in the Tunisian capital city of Tunis, and took hostages.

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.

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BBC News

BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs.

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Beatrice Lorenzin

Beatrice Lorenzin (born 14 October 1971) is an Italian politician, leader of Popular Alternative, and former Minister of Health from 28 April 2013 to 1 June 2018, in the governments of Enrico Letta, Matteo Renzi and Paolo Gentiloni.

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Beijing

Beijing, formerly romanized as Peking, is the capital of the People's Republic of China, the world's second most populous city proper, and most populous capital city.

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Benito Mussolini

Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (29 July 1883 – 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who was the leader of the National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista, PNF).

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Benjamin Netanyahu

Benjamin "Bibi" Netanyahu (born 21 October 1949) is an Israeli politician serving as the 9th and current Prime Minister of Israel since 2009, previously holding the position from 1996 to 1999.

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Beppe Grillo

Giuseppe Piero "Beppe" Grillo (born 21 July 1948) is an Italian comedian, actor, blogger and political activist.

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Berlin

Berlin is the capital and the largest city of Germany, as well as one of its 16 constituent states.

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Bicameralism

A bicameral legislature divides the legislators into two separate assemblies, chambers, or houses.

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Big Four (Western Europe)

The Big Four, also known as G4 or EU4, refers to France, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom.

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Bill Clinton

William Jefferson Clinton (born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001.

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Black bloc

A black bloc is a name given to groups of protesters who wear black clothing, scarves, sunglasses, ski masks, motorcycle helmets with padding, or other face-concealing and face-protecting items.

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Bloomberg L.P.

Bloomberg L.P. is a privately held financial, software, data, and media company headquartered in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.

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BMW

BMW (Bayerische Motoren Werke in German, or Bavarian Motor Works in English) is a German multinational company which currently produces luxury automobiles and motorcycles, and also produced aircraft engines until 1945.

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Bologna

Bologna (Bulåggna; Bononia) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna Region in Northern Italy.

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Boris Nemtsov

Boris Yefimovich Nemtsov (p; 9 October 195927 February 2015) was a Russian physicist and liberal politician.

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Brisbane

Brisbane is the capital of and most populous city in the Australian state of Queensland, and the third most populous city in Australia.

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Bruno Tabacci

Bruno Tabacci (born 27 August 1946) is an Italian politician, member of the Chamber of Deputies, now in the centrist electoral list Democratic Centre for the Alliance for Italy party.

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Brussels

Brussels (Bruxelles,; Brussel), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest), is a region of Belgium comprising 19 municipalities, including the City of Brussels, which is the de jure capital of Belgium.

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Buenos Aires

Buenos Aires is the capital and most populous city of Argentina.

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Bundesrat of Germany

The German Bundesrat (literally "Federal Council") is a legislative body that represents the sixteen Länder (federated states) of Germany at the national level.

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Bureaucrat

A bureaucrat is a member of a bureaucracy and can compose the administration of any organization of any size, although the term usually connotes someone within an institution of government.

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Cairo

Cairo (القاهرة) is the capital of Egypt.

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California

California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States.

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Carlo Calenda

Carlo Calenda (born 9 April 1973) is an Italian manager and politician, member of the Democratic Party.

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Castenaso

Castenaso (Bolognese: Castnès; Castrum Nasicae) is a town and comune in the province of Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.

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Central America

Central America (América Central, Centroamérica) is the southernmost, isthmian portion of the North American continent, which connects with the South American continent on the southeast.

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Central European Summer Time

Central European Summer Time (CEST), sometime referred also as Central European Daylight Time (CEDT), is the standard clock time observed during the period of summer daylight-saving in those European countries which observe Central European Time (UTC+1) during the other part of the year.

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Central Italy

Central Italy (Italia centrale or just Centro) is one of the five official statistical regions of Italy used by the National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), a first level NUTS region and a European Parliament constituency.

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Centre-left coalition

The centre-left coalition (coalizione di centro-sinistra) is a political alliance of political parties in Italy active, under several forms and names, since 1995 when The Olive Tree was formed under the leadership of Romano Prodi.

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Centre-right coalition

The centre-right coalition (coalizione di centro-destra) is a political alliance of political parties in Italy, active—under several forms and names—since 1994, when Silvio Berlusconi entered politics and formed his Forza Italia party.

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Centrism

In politics, centrism—the centre (British English/Canadian English/Australian English) or the center (American English/Philippine English)—is a political outlook or specific position that involves acceptance or support of a balance of a degree of social equality and a degree of social hierarchy, while opposing political changes which would result in a significant shift of society either strongly to the left or the right.

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Chamber of Deputies (Italy)

The Chamber of Deputies (Camera dei deputati) is a house of the bicameral Parliament of Italy (the other being the Senate of the Republic).

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Chancellor of Germany

The title Chancellor has designated different offices in the history of Germany.

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Charlie Hebdo shooting

On 7 January 2015 at about 11:30 local time, two brothers, Saïd and Chérif Kouachi, forced their way into the offices of the French satirical weekly newspaper Charlie Hebdo in Paris.

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Che tempo che fa

Che tempo che fa is an Italian television late-night talk show hosted by Fabio Fazio.

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Chile

Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a South American country occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

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Christian

A Christian is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

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Christian Democracy (Italy)

Christian Democracy (Democrazia Cristiana, DC) was a Christian democratic political party in Italy.

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Civic Choice

Civic Choice (Scelta Civica, SC) is a centrist and liberal political party in Italy founded by Mario Monti.

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Civil union

A civil union, also referred to by a variety of other names, is a legally recognized arrangement similar to marriage.

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Climate change

Climate change is a change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns when that change lasts for an extended period of time (i.e., decades to millions of years).

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Cold War

The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others).

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Colombia

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a sovereign state largely situated in the northwest of South America, with territories in Central America.

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Common Foreign and Security Policy

The Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) is the organised, agreed foreign policy of the European Union (EU) for mainly security and defence diplomacy and actions.

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Communist Party of Vietnam

The Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) is the founding and ruling communist party of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

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Condoleezza Rice

Condoleezza Rice (born November 14, 1954) is an American political scientist and diplomat.

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Conservative Party (UK)

The Conservative Party, officially the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom.

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Constituent Assembly of Italy

The Italian Constituent Assembly (Italian: Assemblea Costituente della Repubblica Italiana) was a parliamentary chamber which existed in Italy from 25 June 1946 until 31 January 1948.

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Constitution of Italy

The Constitution of the Italian Republic (Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana) was enacted by the Constituent Assembly on 22 December 1947, with 453 votes in favour and 62 against.

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Constitutional Court of Italy

The Constitutional Court of the Italian Republic (Corte costituzionale della Repubblica Italiana) is the highest court of Italy in matters of constitutional law.

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Coordinated Universal Time

No description.

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Corporate tax

A corporate tax, also called corporation tax or company tax, is a direct tax imposed by a jurisdiction on the income or capital of corporations or analogous legal entities.

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Corriere della Sera

The Corriere della Sera (English: Evening Courier) is an Italian daily newspaper published in Milan with an average daily circulation of 410,242 copies in December 2015.

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Council of Ministers (Italy)

The Council of Ministers (Consiglio dei Ministri, CdM) is the principal executive organ of the Government of Italy.

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Crimea

Crimea (Крым, Крим, Krym; Krym; translit;; translit) is a peninsula on the northern coast of the Black Sea in Eastern Europe that is almost completely surrounded by both the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov to the northeast.

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Crimean status referendum, 2014

A controversial referendum on the status of Crimea was held on March 16, 2014, by the legislature of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and by the local government of Sevastopol (both subdivisions of Ukraine).

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Cuba

Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is a country comprising the island of Cuba as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos.

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Cuba–United States relations

Cuba and the United States restored diplomatic relations on 20 July 2015, which had been severed in 1961 during the Cold War.

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Cuban thaw

The Cuban thaw was a warming of Cuba–United States relations that began in December 2014 ending a 54-year stretch of hostility between the nations.

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D'Hondt method

The D'Hondt method or the Jefferson method is a highest averages method for allocating seats, and is thus a type of party-list proportional representation.

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Dante Alighieri

Durante degli Alighieri, commonly known as Dante Alighieri or simply Dante (c. 1265 – 1321), was a major Italian poet of the Late Middle Ages.

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Dario Franceschini

Dario Franceschini (born 19 October 1958) is an Italian lawyer, writer, and politician, who served as the second leader of the Democratic Party.

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Dario Nardella

Dario Nardella (born 20 November 1975, Torre del Greco) is an Italian politician who has been the Mayor of Florence since 26 May 2014.

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David (Michelangelo)

David is a masterpiece of Renaissance sculpture created in marble between 1501 and 1504 by the Italian artist Michelangelo.

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David Cameron

David William Donald Cameron (born 9 October 1966) is a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2010 to 2016 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 2005 to 2016.

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Debora Serracchiani

Debora Serracchiani (born 10 November 1970, Rome) is an Italian politician.

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Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy

Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy (Democrazia è Libertà – La Margherita, DL), commonly known simply as The Daisy (La Margherita), was a centrist political party in Italy.

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Democratic Centre (Italy)

Democratic Centre (Centro Democratico, CD) is a centrist and Christian leftist political party in Italy.

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Democratic Party (Italy)

The Democratic Party (Partito Democratico, PD) is a social-democratic political party in Italy.

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Democratic Party (Italy) leadership election, 2013

The 2013 Democratic Party leadership election was an open primary election held in November–December 2013.

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Democratic Party (Italy) leadership election, 2017

The 2017 Democratic Party leadership election was an open primary election held on 30 April 2017.

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Democratic Party (United States)

The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party (nicknamed the GOP for Grand Old Party).

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Democratic socialism

Democratic socialism is a political philosophy that advocates political democracy alongside social ownership of the means of production with an emphasis on self-management and/or democratic management of economic institutions within a market socialist, participatory or decentralized planned economy.

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Denis Sassou Nguesso

Denis Sassou Nguesso (born 23 November 1943) is a Congolese politician who has been the President of the Republic of the Congo since 1997; he was previously President from 1979 to 1992.

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Dmitry Medvedev

Dmitry Anatolyevich Medvedev (p; born 14 September 1965) is a Russian politician who has served as the Prime Minister of Russia since 2012.

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Earthquake

An earthquake (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor) is the shaking of the surface of the Earth, resulting from the sudden release of energy in the Earth's lithosphere that creates seismic waves.

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East Africa

East Africa or Eastern Africa is the eastern region of the African continent, variably defined by geography.

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East Asia

East Asia is the eastern subregion of the Asian continent, which can be defined in either geographical or ethno-cultural "The East Asian cultural sphere evolves when Japan, Korea, and what is today Vietnam all share adapted elements of Chinese civilization of this period (that of the Tang dynasty), in particular Buddhism, Confucian social and political values, and literary Chinese and its writing system." terms.

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EBay

eBay Inc. is a multinational e-commerce corporation based in San Jose, California that facilitates consumer-to-consumer and business-to-consumer sales through its website.

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Egyptian presidential election, 2014

A presidential election in Egypt took place between 26 and 28 May 2014.

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Emilia-Romagna

Emilia-Romagna (Emilian and Emélia-Rumâgna) is an administrative Region of Northeast Italy comprising the historical regions of Emilia and Romagna.

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Emma Bonino

Emma Bonino (born 9 March 1948 in Bra) is an Italian politician, she is currently a Senator for Rome.

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Enel

No description.

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Eni

Eni S.p.A. is an Italian multinational oil and gas company headquartered in Rome.

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Enrico Costa (politician)

Enrico Costa (born 29 November 1969) is an Italian politician and lawyer.

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Enrico Letta

Enrico Letta (born 20 August 1966) is an Italian politician who was Prime Minister of Italy from 2013 to 2014, leading a grand coalition comprising the centre-left Democratic Party, the centre-right People of Freedom, and the centrist Civic Choice.

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Enrico Rossi (politician)

Enrico Rossi (born 25 August 1958) is an Italian politician, since 2010 President of Tuscany.

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Enrique Peña Nieto

Enrique Peña Nieto (born 20 July 1966), commonly referred to by his initials EPN, is a Mexican politician serving as the 57th President of Mexico, since 2012.

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Epicenter

The epicenter, epicentre or epicentrum in seismology is the point on the Earth's surface directly above a hypocenter or focus, the point where an earthquake or an underground explosion originates.

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Erbil

Erbil, also spelt Arbil or Irbil, locally called Hawler by the Kurdish people (ھەولێر Hewlêr; أربيل, Arbīl; ܐܲܪܒܝܠ, Arbela), is the capital of Iraqi Kurdistan and the largest city in northern Iraq.

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Eritrea

Eritrea (ኤርትራ), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa, with its capital at Asmara.

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Etihad Airways

Etihad Airways (Arabic شركة الاتحاد للطيران sharikat alittiḥād liṭṭayarān) is a flag carrier and the second-largest airline of the United Arab Emirates (after Emirates).

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Euro

The euro (sign: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of the European Union.

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Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

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European Border and Coast Guard Agency

The European Border and Coast Guard Agency, also known as Frontex (from French: Frontières extérieures for "external borders"), is an agency of the European Union headquartered in Warsaw, Poland, tasked with border control of the European Schengen Area, in coordination with the border and coast guards of Schengen Area member states.

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European Central Bank

The European Central Bank (ECB) is the central bank for the euro and administers monetary policy of the euro area, which consists of 19 EU member states and is one of the largest currency areas in the world.

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European Commission

The European Commission (EC) is an institution of the European Union, responsible for proposing legislation, implementing decisions, upholding the EU treaties and managing the day-to-day business of the EU.

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European Court of Human Rights

The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR or ECtHR; Cour européenne des droits de l’homme) is a supranational or international court established by the European Convention on Human Rights.

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European debt crisis

The European debt crisis (often also referred to as the Eurozone crisis or the European sovereign debt crisis) is a multi-year debt crisis that has been taking place in the European Union since the end of 2009.

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European integration

European integration is the process of industrial, political, legal, economic, social and cultural integration of states wholly or partially in Europe.

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European migrant crisis

The European migrant crisis, or the European refugee crisis, is a term given to a period beginning in 2015 when rising numbers of people arrived in the European Union (EU), travelling across the Mediterranean Sea or overland through Southeast Europe.

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European Parliament

The European Parliament (EP) is the directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union (EU).

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European Parliament election, 2014 (Italy)

The European Parliament election of 2014 in Italy took place on 25 May 2014.

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European People's Party

The European People's Party (EPP) is a conservative and Christian democratic European political party.

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European Southern Observatory

The European Southern Observatory (ESO) is a 15-nation intergovernmental research organization for ground-based astronomy.

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European Union

The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.

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Expo 2015

Expo 2015 was a universal exposition hosted by Milan, Italy.

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Expo 2015 pavilions

This article contains the details of the pavilions in Expo 2015.

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Fausto Bertinotti

Fausto Bertinotti (born 22 March 1940) is an Italian politician who led the Communist Refoundation Party (Partito della Rifondazione Comunista) from 1994 to 2006 and served as President of the Italian Chamber of Deputies from 2006 to 2008.

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Fayez al-Sarraj

Fayez Mustafa al-Sarraj (فائز السراج or فايز السراج; born 1960) is the Chairman of the Presidential Council of Libya and prime minister of the Government of National Accord (GNA) of Libya that was formed as a result of the Libyan Political Agreement signed on 17 December 2015.

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Federica Guidi

Federica Guidi (born 19 May 1969) is an Italian businesswoman and the former Minister of Economic Development.

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Federica Mogherini

Federica Maria Mogherini (born 16 June 1973) is an Italian politician who has served as High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy since November 2014.

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Financial Times

The Financial Times (FT) is a Japanese-owned (since 2015), English-language international daily newspaper headquartered in London, with a special emphasis on business and economic news.

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First Economic Adjustment Programme for Greece

The First Economic Adjustment Programme for Greece, initially called the Economic Adjustment Programme for Greece and usually referred to as the first bailout package or the first memorandum, is a memorandum of understanding on financial assistance to the Hellenic Republic in order to cope with the Greek government-debt crisis.

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First-past-the-post voting

A first-past-the-post (FPTP) voting method is one in which voters indicate on a ballot the candidate of their choice, and the candidate who receives the most votes wins.

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Five Star Movement

The Five Star Movement (Movimento 5 Stelle, M5S) is a political party in Italy.

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Florence

Florence (Firenze) is the capital city of the Italian region of Tuscany.

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Foreign Policy

Foreign Policy is an American news publication, founded in 1970 and focused on global affairs, current events, and domestic and international policy.

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Fortune (magazine)

Fortune is an American multinational business magazine headquartered in New York City, United States.

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Forza Italia (2013)

Forza ItaliaThe name is not usually translated into English: forza is the second-person singular imperative of ''forzare'', in this case translating to "to compel" or "to press", and so means something like "Forward, Italy", "Come on, Italy" or "Go, Italy!".

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FP Top 100 Global Thinkers

Foreign Policy magazine recognizes the world's pre-eminent thought leaders and public intellectuals in an annual issue, "100 Leading Global Thinkers".

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François Hollande

François Gérard Georges Nicolas Hollande (born 12 August 1954) is a French politician who served as President of France and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra from 2012 to 2017.

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Francesco Rutelli

Francesco Rutelli (born 14 June 1954) is an Italian politician and current President of European Democratic Party.

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Franco Marini

Franco Marini (born 9 April 1933) Italian Senate.

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Frank Underwood (House of Cards)

Francis J. Underwood is the fictional 46th President of the United States and the protagonist of the American adaptation of House of Cards.

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Free and Equal (Italy)

Free and Equal (Liberi e Uguali, LeU) is a left-wing federation of parties in Italy, launched on 3 December 2017 by the Democratic and Progressive Movement, Italian Left and Possible.

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Fuad Masum

Muhammad Fuad Masum (translit; Kurdish: محەممەد فوئاد مەعسووم, born 1 January 1938) is an Iraqi politician who has been the President of Iraq since 24 July 2014.

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Futsal

Futsal is a variant of association football played on a hard court, smaller than a football pitch, and mainly indoors.

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G20

The G20 (or Group of Twenty) is an international forum for the governments and central bank governors from Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States and the European Union.

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General Confederation of Italian Industry

The General Confederation of Italian Industry (Confederazione generale dell'industria italiana), commonly known as Confindustria, is the Italian employers' federation and national chamber of commerce, founded in 1910.

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George P. Shultz

George Pratt Shultz (born December 13, 1920) is an American economist, elder statesman, and businessman.

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Ghana

Ghana, officially the Republic of Ghana, is a unitary presidential constitutional democracy, located along the Gulf of Guinea and Atlantic Ocean, in the subregion of West Africa.

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Gian Luca Galletti

Gian Luca Galletti (born 15 July 1961) is an Italian politician, member of the Christian democratic Centrists for Europe.

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Gianni Cuperlo

Giovanni "Gianni" Cuperlo is an Italian politician, a member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies and former President of the Democratic Party.

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Giorgio La Pira

Giorgio La Pira (9 January 1904 – 5 November 1977) - in religious life Raimondo - was an Italian Roman Catholic politician who served as the Mayor of Florence twice (1950-1956 and 1960-1964).

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Giorgio Napolitano

Giorgio Napolitano, (born 29 June 1925) is an Italian politician who served as the 11th President of the Republic from 2006 to 2015, the only Italian President to be reelected to the Presidency.

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Giovanni Galli

Giovanni Galli (born 29 April 1958) is an Italian retired footballer who played as a goalkeeper, and currently a politician.

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Girton College, Cambridge

Girton College is one of the 31 constituent colleges of the University of Cambridge.

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Giuliano Poletti

Giuliano Poletti (19 November 1951) is an Italian politician. He was appointed Minister of Labour and Social Policies on 22 February 2014 by Prime Minister Matteo Renzi, and served also in the cabinet of Paolo Gentiloni.

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Giulio Santagata

Giulio Santagata (born 1 October 1949) is an Italian politician, former member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies and leader of Together.

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Giuseppe Civati

Giuseppe "Pippo" Civati (Monza, Italy, 4 August 1975) is an Italian politician, leader of Possibile and a member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies.

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Google

Google LLC is an American multinational technology company that specializes in Internet-related services and products, which include online advertising technologies, search engine, cloud computing, software, and hardware.

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Graziano Delrio

Graziano Delrio (born 27 April 1960) is an Italian medical doctor and politician, who served in the government of Italy as minister of infrastructure and transport from 2 April 2015 to 1 June 2018.

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Greece

No description.

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Group of Eight

The G8, reformatted as G7 from 2014 due to the suspension of Russia's participation, was an inter-governmental political forum from 1997 until 2014, with the participation of some major industrialized countries in the world, that viewed themselves as democracies.

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Group of Seven

The Group of Seven (G7) is a group consisting of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

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Guardia di Finanza

The Guardia di Finanza (GdF) (Financial Guard) is an Italian law enforcement agency under the authority of the Minister of Economy and Finance.

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Guglielmo Epifani

Guglielmo Epifani (born 24 March 1950) is an Italian trade unionist and politician.

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Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow

Gurbanguly Mälikgulyýewiç Berdimuhamedow (born June 29, 1957) IPA:, is a Turkmen politician who has served as the President of Turkmenistan since February 2007.

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Haider al-Abadi

Haider Jawad Kadhim al-Abadi (or al-'Ibadi; حيدر جواد كاظم العبادي, born 25 April 1952) is an Iraqi politician who has been the Prime Minister of Iraq since September 2014.

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Hanoi

Hanoi (or; Hà Nội)) is the capital of Vietnam and the country's second largest city by population. The population in 2015 was estimated at 7.7 million people. The city lies on the right bank of the Red River. Hanoi is north of Ho Chi Minh City and west of Hai Phong city. From 1010 until 1802, it was the most important political centre of Vietnam. It was eclipsed by Huế, the imperial capital of Vietnam during the Nguyễn Dynasty (1802–1945). In 1873 Hanoi was conquered by the French. From 1883 to 1945, the city was the administrative center of the colony of French Indochina. The French built a modern administrative city south of Old Hanoi, creating broad, perpendicular tree-lined avenues of opera, churches, public buildings, and luxury villas, but they also destroyed large parts of the city, shedding or reducing the size of lakes and canals, while also clearing out various imperial palaces and citadels. From 1940 to 1945 Hanoi, as well as the largest part of French Indochina and Southeast Asia, was occupied by the Japanese. On September 2, 1945, Ho Chi Minh proclaimed the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam). The Vietnamese National Assembly under Ho Chi Minh decided on January 6, 1946, to make Hanoi the capital of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. From 1954 to 1976, it was the capital of North Vietnam, and it became the capital of a reunified Vietnam in 1976, after the North's victory in the Vietnam War. October 2010 officially marked 1,000 years since the establishment of the city. The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural is a ceramic mosaic mural created to mark the occasion.

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Hassan Rouhani

Hassan Rouhani (حسن روحانی,, Standard Persian:; born Hassan Fereydoun (حسن فریدون) on 12 November 1948) is an Iranian politician serving as the current and seventh President of Iran since 3 August 2013.

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High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy

The High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy (abbreviated HR or HR/VP, the latter reflecting the vice presidency of the Commission) is the chief co-ordinator and representative of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) within the European Union (EU).

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Hillary Clinton

Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26, 1947) is an American politician and diplomat who served as the First Lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001, U.S. Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009, 67th United States Secretary of State from 2009 to 2013, and the Democratic Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election.

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Hillary Clinton presidential campaign, 2016

The 2016 presidential campaign of Hillary Rodham Clinton was announced in a YouTube video, on April 12, 2015.

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History of Italy

In archaic times, ancient Greeks, Etruscans and Celts established settlements in the south, the centre and the north of Italy respectively, while various Italian tribes and Italic peoples inhabited the Italian peninsula and insular Italy.

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History of the Italian Republic

After World War II and the overthrow of Mussolini's fascist regime, Italy's history was dominated by the Christian Democracy (Democrazia Cristiana, DC) political party for 48 years—from the 1946 election until the 1994 election—while the opposition was led by the Italian Communist Party (PCI).

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Ho Chi Minh

Hồ Chí Minh (Chữ nôm: 胡志明; 19 May 1890 – 2 September 1969), born Nguyễn Sinh Cung, also known as Nguyễn Tất Thành and Nguyễn Ái Quốc, was a Vietnamese Communist revolutionary leader who was Chairman and First Secretary of the Workers' Party of Vietnam.

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Holy See

The Holy See (Santa Sede; Sancta Sedes), also called the See of Rome, is the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in Rome, the episcopal see of the Pope, and an independent sovereign entity.

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House of Cards (U.S. TV series)

House of Cards is an American political thriller web television series created by Beau Willimon.

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HuffPost

HuffPost (formerly The Huffington Post and sometimes abbreviated HuffPo) is a liberal American news and opinion website and blog that has both localized and international editions.

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Hung parliament

A hung parliament is a term used in legislatures under the Westminster system to describe a situation in which no particular political party or pre-existing coalition (also known as an alliance or bloc) has an absolute majority of legislators (commonly known as members or seats) in a parliament or other legislature.

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Il Fatto Quotidiano

il Fatto Quotidiano is an Italian daily newspaper owned by Editoriale Il Fatto SpA published in Rome, Italy.

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Immigration

Immigration is the international movement of people into a destination country of which they are not natives or where they do not possess citizenship in order to settle or reside there, especially as permanent residents or naturalized citizens, or to take up employment as a migrant worker or temporarily as a foreign worker.

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Immigration to Italy

As of 1 January 2017, there were 5,047,028 foreign nationals resident in Italy.

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Income tax

An income tax is a tax imposed on individuals or entities (taxpayers) that varies with respective income or profits (taxable income).

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Independent politician

An independent or nonpartisan politician is an individual politician not affiliated with any political party.

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Indirect election

An indirect election is an election in which voters do not choose between candidates for an office, but elect people who then choose.

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International military intervention against ISIL

In response to rapid territorial gains made by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) during the first half of 2014, and its universally-condemned executions, reported human rights abuses and the fear of further spillovers of the Syrian Civil War, many states began to intervene against it in both the Syrian Civil War and the Iraqi Civil War (2014–present).

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International Monetary Fund

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of "189 countries working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world." Formed in 1945 at the Bretton Woods Conference primarily by the ideas of Harry Dexter White and John Maynard Keynes, it came into formal existence in 1945 with 29 member countries and the goal of reconstructing the international payment system.

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International sanctions during the Ukrainian crisis

International sanctions were imposed during the Ukrainian crisis by a large number of countries against Russia and Crimea following the Russian military intervention in Ukraine, which began in late February 2014.

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Iran

Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).

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Iraq

Iraq (or; العراق; عێراق), officially known as the Republic of Iraq (جُمُهورية العِراق; کۆماری عێراق), is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west.

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Iraqi Civil War (2014–present)

The Iraqi Civil War is an armed conflict which began in January 2014.

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Iraqi insurgency (2011–13)

The Iraqi insurgency, later referred to as the Iraq Crisis, escalated after the withdrawal of U.S. troops in 2011, resulting in violent conflict with the central government, as well as sectarian violence among Iraq's religious groups.

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Iraqi Kurdistan

Iraqi Kurdistan, officially called the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (Herêmî Kurdistan) by the Iraqi constitution, is an autonomous region located in northern Iraq.

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Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant

The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria or Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS), Islamic State (IS) and by its Arabic language acronym Daesh (داعش dāʿish), is a Salafi jihadist terrorist organisation and former unrecognised proto-state that follows a fundamentalist, Salafi/Wahhabi doctrine of Sunni Islam.

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Islamic terrorism

Islamic terrorism, Islamist terrorism or radical Islamic terrorism is defined as any terrorist act, set of acts or campaign committed by groups or individuals who profess Islamic or Islamist motivations or goals.

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Islamism

Islamism is a concept whose meaning has been debated in both public and academic contexts.

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Israel

Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea.

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Italian Army

The Italian Army (Italian: Esercito Italiano) is the land defence force of the Italian Armed Forces of the Italian Republic.

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Italian centre-left primary election, 2012

The 2012 Italian centre-left primary election determined the leader of the coalition Italy. Common Good, who will stand as common candidate for the office of Prime Minister in the subsequent general election, which will take place on 24–25 February 2013.

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Italian Communist Youth Federation

The Italian Communist Youth Federation (Italian - Federazione Giovanile Comunista Italiana, or FGCI) was the youth wing of the Partito Comunista Italiano (PCI), and the direct heir of the Federazione Giovanile Comunista d'Italia of the PCd'I.

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Italian Confederation of Workers' Trade Unions

The Confederazione Italiana Sindacati Lavoratori (CISL or Cisl; Italian Confederation of Trade Unions) is an Italian trade union association representing various Roman Catholic-inspired groups linked with Christian Democracy.

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Italian constitutional referendum, 2016

A constitutional referendum was held in Italy on Sunday 4 December 2016.

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Italian electoral law of 2015

The Italian electoral law of 2015, better known as Italicum, a name given to it in 2014 by the Democratic Party secretary and subsequently head of government Matteo Renzi, who was its main proponent (until the end of January 2015 with the support of Forza Italia's leader Silvio Berlusconi) provides for a two-round system based on party-list proportional representation (the former being ruled out as unconstitutional), corrected by a majority bonus and a 3% election threshold.

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Italian electoral law of 2017

The Italian Electoral law of 2017, colloquially known by the nickname Rosatellum bis or simply Rosatellum, after Ettore Rosato, the Democratic leader in the Chamber of Deputies who first proposed the new law, is a parallel voting system, which act as a mixed system, with 37% of seats allocated using a first past the post electoral system and 61% using a proportional method, with one round of voting.

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Italian General Confederation of Labour

The Italian General Confederation of Labour (CGIL) is a national trade union centre in Italy.

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Italian general election, 1958

General elections were held in Italy on Sunday May 25, 1958, to select the Third Republican Parliament.

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Italian general election, 1996

A snap national general election was held in Italy on 21 April 1996 to elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic.

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Italian general election, 2013

A general election took place on 24–25 February 2013 to determine the 630 members of the Chamber of Deputies and the 315 elective members of the Senate of the Republic for the 17th Parliament of the Italian Republic.

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Italian general election, 2018

The 2018 Italian general election was held on 4 March 2018 after the Italian Parliament was dissolved by President Sergio Mattarella on 28 December 2017.

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Italian Labour Union

The Italian Labour Union or UIL, in Italian Unione Italiana del Lavoro, is a national trade union center in Italy.

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Italian Left

Italian Left (Sinistra Italiana, SI) is a left-wing political party in Italy.

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Italian lira

The lira (plural lire) was the currency of Italy between 1861 and 2002 and of the Albanian Kingdom between 1941 and 1943.

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Italian local elections, 2014

The 2014 Italian local elections were held on 25 May, with a second round on 8 June.

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Italian Minister of Agriculture

The Italian Minister of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies is the head of the Republic of Italy's Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies.

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Italian Minister of Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism

This is a list of the Italian Ministers of Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism, who leads the Ministry of Cultural Heritage and Activities and Tourism.

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Italian Minister of Defence

This Italian Ministers of Defence is a senior member of the Italian Cabinet who leads the Ministry of Defence.

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Italian Minister of Economic Development

This is a list of the Italian ministers of Economic development, who head the Ministry of Economic Development.

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Italian Minister of Economy and Finances

This is a list of Italian Ministers of Economy and Finances since the Ministry of Economy and Finances' creation in 2001 by the fusion of two former ministries, the Ministry of Economy and the Ministry of Finances.

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Italian Minister of Education

Below is a list of Italian Ministers of Public Education since the birth of the Italian Republic in 1946.

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Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs

The Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs is the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Italy.

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Italian Minister of Health

The Minister of Health (Italian: Ministro della Salute) in Italy is one of the positions in the Italian government.

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Italian Minister of Infrastructures and Transports

This is a list of the Italian Ministers of Infrastructures and Transports, a position which leads the Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport.

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Italian Minister of Justice

This is a list of the Italian Ministers of Justice since 1946.

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Italian Minister of Labour and Social Policies

This is a list of Italian Ministers of Labour and Social Policies, a senior member of the Italian government who leads the Ministry of Labour and Social Policies.

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Italian Minister of Regional Affairs and Autonomies

The Minister of Regional Affairs and Autonomies (Italian: Ministro per Affari Regionali e le Autonomie) in Italy is one of the positions in the Italian government.

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Italian Minister of the Environment

This is a list of Italian Ministers of the Environment, a senior member of the Italian government who leads the Ministry of the Environment.

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Italian Minister of the Interior

The Minister of the Interior (Italian: Ministro dell'Interno) in Italy is one of the most important positions in the Italian Council of Ministers and leads the Ministry of the Interior.

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Italian National Olympic Committee

The Italian National Olympic Committee (Comitato Olimpico Nazionale Italiano, CONI), founded in 1914 and a member of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), is responsible for the development and management of sports activity in Italy.

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Italian Parliament

The Italian Parliament (Parlamento Italiano) is the national parliament of the Italian Republic.

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Italian People's Party (1994)

The Italian People's Party (Partito Popolare Italiano, PPI) was a Christian-democratic, centrist, and Christian-leftist political party in Italy.

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Italian presidential election, 2013

Indirect presidential elections were held in Italy between 18 and 20 April 2013.

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Italian presidential election, 2015

The Italian presidential election of 2015 was held in Italy on 29–31 January 2015, following the resignation of incumbent President Giorgio Napolitano on 14 January 2015.

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Italian Radical Party

The Italian Radical Party (Partito Radicale Italiano), also known as Historical Radical Party (Partito Radicale storico), was a radical, secularist and left-liberal political party in Italy.

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Italian regional elections, 2015

A large round of regional elections were held in Italy on 31 May 2015 in seven of the twenty regions composing the country, including four of the ten largest ones: Campania, Veneto, Apulia and Tuscany.

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Italian special forces

The Italian Special Forces include special forces units from several branches of the Italian Armed Forces: the Esercito Italiano (Army), the Marina Militare (Navy), the Aeronautica Militare (Air force) and the Arma dei Carabinieri (Carabineers).

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Italy

Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.

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Jaguar Cars

Jaguar is the luxury vehicle brand of Jaguar Land Rover, a British multinational car manufacturer with its headquarters in Whitley, Coventry, England and owned by the Indian company Tata Motors since 2008.

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Jean-Claude Juncker

Jean-Claude Juncker (born 9 December 1954) is a Luxembourgish politician serving as President of the European Commission since 2014.

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Jerusalem

Jerusalem (יְרוּשָׁלַיִם; القُدس) is a city in the Middle East, located on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea.

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John L. Hennessy

John Leroy Hennessy (born September 22, 1952) is an American computer scientist, academician, businessman and Chairman of Alphabet Inc..

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Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action

The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA; barnāmeye jāme‘e eqdāme moshtarak, acronym: برجام BARJAM), known commonly as the Iran nuclear deal or Iran deal, is an agreement on the nuclear program of Iran reached in Vienna on 14 July 2015 between Iran, the P5+1 (the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council—China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, United States—plus Germany), and the European Union.

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José Eduardo dos Santos

José Eduardo dos Santos (born 28 August 1942)W.

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Joseph Muscat

Joseph Muscat (born January 22, 1974) is a Maltese politician who has served as Prime Minister of Malta since 2013, and Leader of the Partit Laburista (PL) since June 2008.

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Kevin Spacey

Kevin Spacey Fowler (born July 26, 1959) is an American actor, producer and singer.

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Knesset

The Knesset (הַכְּנֶסֶת; lit. "the gathering" or "assembly"; الكنيست) is the unicameral national legislature of Israel.

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La Nazione

La Nazione is one of the oldest regional newspapers in Italy being established on 8 July 1859.

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La Repubblica

la Repubblica (the Republic) is an Italian daily general-interest newspaper.

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La Ruota Della Fortuna

La Ruota Della Fortuna is the Italian version of Wheel of Fortune. The show has run nonstop since 1988 on Canale 5 and Rete 4, and switched from a trilon to an electronic board in 2003, like the U.S. version.

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La7

La7 is an Italian private television channel owned by Cairo Communication.

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Labour Party (UK)

The Labour Party is a centre-left political party in the United Kingdom.

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Lampedusa

Lampedusa (Lampidusa; Λοπαδούσσα Lopadoussa) is the largest island of the Italian Pelagie Islands in the Mediterranean Sea.

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Laura Puppato

Laura Puppato (Crocetta del Montello, 17 February 1957) is an Italian politician from Veneto.

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Law enforcement in Italy

Law enforcement in Italy is provided by multiple police forces, five of which are national agencies with full powers.

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Lazio

Lazio (Latium) is one of the 20 administrative regions of Italy.

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Left Ecology Freedom

Left Ecology Freedom (Sinistra Ecologia Libertà, SEL) was a democratic socialist political party in Italy, whose bulk was formed by former members of the Communist Refoundation Party.

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Lega Nord

Lega Nord (LN; italic), whose complete name is Lega Nord per l'Indipendenza della Padania (Northern League for the Independence of Padania), is a regionalist political party in Italy.

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Legislative Assembly of Emilia-Romagna

The Legislative Assembly of Emilia-Romagna (Assemblea Legislativa dell'Emilia-Romagna) is the regional council, hence the regional legislative authority, of Emilia-Romagna.

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Leonardo Domenici

Leonardo Domenici (born 12 July 1955) is an Italian politician.

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Leonardo S.p.A.

Leonardo S.p.A., formerly Leonardo-Finmeccanica and Finmeccanica, is an Italian global high-tech company and one of the key players in aerospace, defence and security.

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Li Keqiang

Li Keqiang (Mandarin:; born 1 July 1955) is the current Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China.

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Liberalism

Liberalism is a political and moral philosophy based on liberty and equality.

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Liberalism in Europe

In general, liberalism in Europe is a political movement that supports a broad tradition of individual liberties and constitutionally-limited and democratically accountable government.

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Libya

Libya (ليبيا), officially the State of Libya (دولة ليبيا), is a sovereign state in the Maghreb region of North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south and Algeria and Tunisia to the west.

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Libyan Civil War (2014–present)

The second Libyan Civil War is an ongoing conflict among rival factions seeking control of the territory and oil of Libya.

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Liceo classico

Liceo classico (classical lyceum) is the oldest, public secondary school type in Italy.

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Lingotto

Lingotto is a district of Turin, Italy, and the location of the Lingotto building in Via Nizza.

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List of heads of state of Mozambique

The following is a list of heads of state of Mozambique, since the establishment of the office of President in 1975.

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List of mayors of Florence

The Mayor of Florence is an elected politician who, along with Florence’s City Council of 36 members, is accountable for the strategic government of Florence.

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List of mayors of Paris

The Mayor of Paris (Maire de Paris) is the chief executive of Paris, the capital and largest city in the France.

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List of mayors of Turin

The Mayor of Turin is an elected politician who, along with the Turin’s City Council of 50 members, is accountable for the strategic government of Turin, northern Italy.

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List of migrant vessel incidents on the Mediterranean Sea

This article is a list of migrant vessels captured or capsized on the Mediterranean Sea.

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List of Presidents of Apulia

This is the list of Presidents of Apulia since 1970.

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List of Prime Ministers of Luxembourg

The Prime Minister of Luxembourg is the head of government in Luxembourg.

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List of Secretaries of the Democratic Party (Italy)

The Secretary of the Democratic Party is the leader of the Democratic Party, the main centre-left political party in Italy.

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Lombardy

Lombardy (Lombardia; Lumbardia, pronounced: (Western Lombard), (Eastern Lombard)) is one of the twenty administrative regions of Italy, in the northwest of the country, with an area of.

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Lorenzo Guerini

Lorenzo Guerini (born 21 November 1966) is an Italian politician, member of the Democratic Party.

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Luanda

Luanda, formerly named São Paulo da Assunção de Loanda, is the capital and largest city in Angola, and the country's most populous and important city, primary port and major industrial, cultural and urban centre.

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Luigi Di Maio

Luigi Di Maio (born 6 July 1986) is an Italian politician serving as Deputy Prime Minister of Italy and Minister of Economic Development, Labour and Social Policies since 1 June 2018.

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Luxury vehicle

Luxury vehicle is a marketing term for a vehicle that provides luxury—pleasant or desirable features beyond strict necessity—at increased expense.

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Magistrate

The term magistrate is used in a variety of systems of governments and laws to refer to a civilian officer who administers the law.

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Mahmoud Abbas

Mahmoud Abbas (مَحْمُود عَبَّاس,; born 15 November 1935), also known by the kunya Abu Mazen (أَبُو مَازِن), is the President of the State of Palestine and Palestinian National Authority. He has been the Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) since 11 November 2004, and Palestinian president since 15 January 2005 (Palestinian National Authority since 15 January 2005, and State of Palestine since 8 May 2005). Abbas is a member of the Fatah party and was elected Chairman of Fatah in 2009. Abbas was elected on 9 January 2005 to serve as President of the Palestinian National Authority until 15 January 2009, but extended his term until the next election in 2010, citing the PLO constitution, and on December 16, 2009 was voted into office indefinitely by the PLO Central Council. As a result, Fatah's main rival, Hamas, initially announced that it would not recognize the extension or view Abbas as the rightful president. The Jerusalem Post (9 January 2009) Yet, Abbas is internationally recognized and Hamas and Fatah conducted numerous negotiations in the following years, leading to an agreement in April 2014 over a Unity Government, which lasted until October 2016, and therefore to the recognition of his office by Hamas. Abbas was also chosen as the President of the State of Palestine by the Palestine Liberation Organization's Central Council on 23 November 2008, a position he had held unofficially since 8 May 2005. Abbas served as the first Prime Minister of the Palestinian Authority from March to September 2003. Before being named prime minister, Abbas led the PLO Negotiations Affairs Department.

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Mantua

Mantua (Mantova; Emilian and Latin: Mantua) is a city and comune in Lombardy, Italy, and capital of the province of the same name.

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Manuel Valls

Manuel Carlos Valls Galfetti (born 13 August 1962) is a French politician of Spanish origin who served as Prime Minister of France from 2014 until 2016.

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Marche

Marche, or the Marches, is one of the twenty regions of Italy.

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Maria Carmela Lanzetta

Maria Carmela Lanzetta (born 1 March 1955) is an Italian politician, who served as Minister of Regional Affairs and Autonomy from 22 February 2014 to 30 January 2015 as part of the Renzi Cabinet.

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Maria Elena Boschi

Maria Elena Boschi (born 24 January 1981) is an Italian politician and lawyer, member of the Democratic Party.

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Mariam Yahia Ibrahim Ishag

Mariam Yahia Ibrahim Ishag or Maryam Yaḥyā Ibrahīm Isḥaq (مريم يحيى إبراهيم إسحق, born 3 November 1987 in Al Qadarif state, Sudan),, Agence France Presse, 25 June 2014 is a Sudanese Religious Freedom activist and public speaker.

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Marianna Madia

Maria Anna "Marianna" Madia (born 5 September 1980) is an Italian politician of the Democratic Party and a member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies since 2008.

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Marina Sereni

Marina Sereni (born 8 May 1960) is an Italian politician.

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Mario Monti

Mario Monti, (born 19 March 1943) is an Italian economist who served as the Prime Minister of Italy from 2011 to 2013, despite never having been an elected politician, leading a government of technocrats in the wake of the Italian debt crisis.

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Maserati

Maserati is an Italian luxury vehicle manufacturer established on 1 December 1914, in Bologna.

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Masoud Barzani

Masoud Barzani (Mesûd Barzanî; born 16 August 1946) is a Kurdish politician who had been President of the Iraqi Kurdistan Region from 2005 to 2017.

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Mass (liturgy)

Mass is a term used to describe the main eucharistic liturgical service in many forms of Western Christianity.

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Massimo D'Alema

Massimo D'Alema (born 20 April 1949) is an Italian politician who was the 53rd Prime Minister from 1998 to 2000.

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Matteo Orfini

Matteo Orfini is an Italian politician, a member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies and President of the Democratic Party.

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Matteo Richetti

Matteo Richetti is an Italian politician, a member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies and spokesman of the Democratic Party.

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Matteo Salvini

Matteo Salvini (born 9 March 1973) is an Italian politician serving as Deputy Prime Minister of Italy and Minister of the Interior since 1 June 2018.

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Mauricio Macri

Mauricio Macri (born 8 February 1959) is the current President of Argentina and has been in office since 2015.

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Maurizio Landini

Maurizio Landini (born 7 August 1961) is an Italian trade unionist and former General Secretary of the FIOM.

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Maurizio Lupi

Maurizio Lupi (born 3 October 1959) is an Italian politician that is a member of the Us with Italy (NcI) party and served as Italian Minister of Infrastructures and Transports between 28 April 2013 and 20 March 2015.

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Maurizio Martina

Maurizio Martina (born 9 September 1978) is an Italian politician serving as Acting Secretary of the Democratic Party since the general election of 2018.

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Mayor

In many countries, a mayor (from the Latin maior, meaning "bigger") is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town.

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Mediterranean Sea

The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa and on the east by the Levant.

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Member of the European Parliament

A Member of the European Parliament (MEP) is a person who has been elected to serve as a popular representative in the European Parliament.

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Michelangelo

Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni or more commonly known by his first name Michelangelo (6 March 1475 – 18 February 1564) was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect and poet of the High Renaissance born in the Republic of Florence, who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art.

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Michele Emiliano

Michele Emiliano (born 23 July 1959, in Bari) is an Italian politician and former judge.

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Michelle Bachelet

Verónica Michelle Bachelet Jeria (born 29 September 1951) is a Chilean politician who was the President of Chile twice, from 2006 to 2010 and from 2014 to 2018, the first woman in her country to occupy this position.

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Middle East

The Middle Easttranslit-std; translit; Orta Şərq; Central Kurdish: ڕۆژھەڵاتی ناوین, Rojhelatî Nawîn; Moyen-Orient; translit; translit; translit; Rojhilata Navîn; translit; Bariga Dhexe; Orta Doğu; translit is a transcontinental region centered on Western Asia, Turkey (both Asian and European), and Egypt (which is mostly in North Africa).

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Mike Bongiorno

Michael Nicholas Salvatore "Mike" Bongiorno (May 26, 1924 in New York City – September 8, 2009 in Monte Carlo), was an Italian-American television host.

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Milan

Milan (Milano; Milan) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city in Italy after Rome, with the city proper having a population of 1,380,873 while its province-level municipality has a population of 3,235,000.

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Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport (Italy)

The Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport (Ministero delle Infrastrutture e dei Trasporti or MIT) is the government ministry for transport in the Republic of Italy.

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Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan

Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed bin Sultan Al-Nahyan (محمد بن زايد بن سلطان آل نهيان; born 11 March 1961), nicknamed MbZ, is the Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi and Deputy Supreme Commander of the UAE's Armed Forces. He is seen as being the driving force behind the UAE's activist foreign policy and is the leader of a campaign against Arab Islamist movements. He is seen as the UAE’s de facto ruler, along with Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum.

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Moment magnitude scale

The moment magnitude scale (MMS; denoted as Mw or M) is one of many seismic magnitude scales used to measure the size of earthquakes.

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More Europe

More Europe (Più Europa or +Europa, +E) is a liberal and pro-European coalition of political parties in Italy, within the centre-left coalition.

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Moscow

Moscow (a) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.1 million within the urban area.

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Moscow Kremlin

The Moscow Kremlin (p), usually referred to as the Kremlin, is a fortified complex at the heart of Moscow, overlooking the Moskva River to the south, Saint Basil's Cathedral and Red Square to the east, and the Alexander Garden to the west.

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Muhammadu Buhari

Muhammadu Buhari is the President of Nigeria, in office since 2015.

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Murder of Giulio Regeni

Giulio Regeni (15 January 1988 – 2016) was an Italian Cambridge University graduate who was abducted and tortured to death in Egypt.

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Muslim Brotherhood

The Society of the Muslim Brothers (جماعة الإخوان المسلمين), better known as the Muslim Brotherhood (الإخوان المسلمون), is a transnational Sunni Islamist organization founded in Egypt by Islamic scholar and schoolteacher Hassan al-Banna in 1928.

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Mustapha Ben Jafar

Mustapha Ben Jafar (مصطفى بن جعفر) (born 8 December 1940) is a Tunisian politician and medical doctor who was President of the Constituent Assembly of Tunisia from November 2011 to December 2014.

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Nechirvan Barzani

Nechirvan Idris Barzani (نێچیرڤان بارزانی or Nêçîrvan Îdrîs Barzanî; born 21 September 1966) is a Kurdish politician who has been Prime Minister of the Kurdistan Regional Government of Iraqi Kurdistan since March 2012.

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New Centre-Right

New Centre-Right (Nuovo Centrodestra, NCD) was a centre-right political party in Italy.

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New York City

The City of New York, often called New York City (NYC) or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.

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Nguyễn Phú Trọng

Nguyễn Phú Trọng (born 14 April 1944) is a Vietnamese politician currently serving as General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam, the most powerful position in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.

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Nguyễn Tấn Dũng

Nguyễn Tấn Dũng (born 17 November 1949) is a Vietnamese politician who served as the Prime Minister of Vietnam from 2006 to 2016.

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Nichi Vendola

Nicola "Nichi" Vendola (born 26 August 1958) is an Italian left-wing politician and LGBT activist who was President of Apulia from 2005 to 2015.

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Nigeria

Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria is a federal republic in West Africa, bordering Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in the north.

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Nigeria Police Force

The Nigerian Police (NP) formerly The Nigeria Police Force is the principal law enforcement agency in Nigeria with a staff strength of about 371,800.

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Non-governmental organization

Non-governmental organizations, nongovernmental organizations, or nongovernment organizations, commonly referred to as NGOs, are usually non-profit and sometimes international organizations independent of governments and international governmental organizations (though often funded by governments) that are active in humanitarian, educational, health care, public policy, social, human rights, environmental, and other areas to effect changes according to their objectives.

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Norcia

Norcia, traditionally known in English by its Latin name of Nursia, is a town and comune in the province of Perugia (Italy) in southeastern Umbria.

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Nord Stream

Nord Stream (former names: North Transgas and North European Gas Pipeline; Северный поток, Severny potok) is an offshore natural gas pipeline from Vyborg in the Russian Federation to Greifswald in Germany that is owned and operated by Nord Stream AG.

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North Africa

North Africa is a collective term for a group of Mediterranean countries and territories situated in the northern-most region of the African continent.

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Nouri al-Maliki

Nouri Kamil Mohammed Hasan al-Maliki (نوري كامل محمد حسن المالكي.; born 20 June 1950), also known as Jawad al-Maliki (جواد المالكي) or Abu Esraa (أبو إسراء), is an Iraqi politician who was Prime Minister of Iraq from 2006 to 2014.

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Nuclear program of Iran

The nuclear program of Iran has included several research sites, two uranium mines, a research reactor, and uranium processing facilities that include three known uranium enrichment plants.

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Nursultan Nazarbayev

Nursultan Ábishuly Nazarbayev (born 6 July 1940) is a Kazakh statesman serving as President of Kazakhstan since the office was created on April 24, 1990.

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Oil

An oil is any nonpolar chemical substance that is a viscous liquid at ambient temperatures and is both hydrophobic (does not mix with water, literally "water fearing") and lipophilic (mixes with other oils, literally "fat loving").

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Operation Mare Nostrum

Operation Mare Nostrum was a year-long naval and air operation commenced by the Italian government on October 18, 2013, to tackle the increased immigration to Europe during the second half of 2013 and migratory ship wreckages off Lampedusa.

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Operation Triton

Operation Triton is a border security operation conducted by Frontex, the European Union's border security agency.

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Outline of LGBT topics

The following outline is presented as an overview and topical guide to LGBT topics.

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P5+1

The P5+1 refers to the UN Security Council's five permanent members (the P5); namely China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States; plus Germany.

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Palazzo Chigi

The Palazzo Chigi is a palace or noble residence in Rome and the official residence of the Prime Minister of the Italian Republic.

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Panavia Tornado

The Panavia Tornado is a family of twin-engine, variable-sweep wing multirole combat aircraft, which was jointly developed and manufactured by Italy, the United Kingdom, and West Germany.

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Paolo Gentiloni

Paolo Gentiloni Silveri (born 22 November 1954) is an Italian politician, who served as the 57th Prime Minister of Italy from 12 December 2016 to 1 June 2018.

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Paranal Observatory

Paranal Observatory is an astronomical observatory operated by the European Southern Observatory (ESO); it is located in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile on Cerro Paranal at altitude, south of Antofagasta.

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Paris

Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of and a population of 2,206,488.

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Party of European Socialists

The Party of European Socialists (PES) is a social-democratic European political party.

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Peru

Peru (Perú; Piruw Republika; Piruw Suyu), officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America.

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Peshmerga

Peshmerga (lit, or Those who face death') are the military forces of the federal region of Iraqi Kurdistan.

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Petro Poroshenko

Petro Oleksiyovych Poroshenko (Петро́ Олексі́йович Пороше́нко,; born 26 September 1965) is the fifth and current President of Ukraine (excluding acting president Oleksandr Turchynov), in office since 2014.

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Pier Carlo Padoan

Pier Carlo Padoan (born 19 January 1950) is an Italian economist served as Minister of Economy and Finances of Italy from 2014 to 2018.

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Pier Luigi Bersani

Pier Luigi Bersani (born 29 September 1951) is an Italian politician and was Secretary of the Democratic Party (DP), Italy's leading centre-left party, from 2009 to 2013.

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Piero Fassino

Piero Franco Rodolfo Fassino (born 7 October 1949 in Avigliana, Piedmont) is an Italian politician with the Democratic Party.

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Pietro Grasso

Pietro Grasso (born 1 January 1945), also known as Piero Grasso, is an Italian anti-mafia magistrate and politician, former President of the Italian Senate.

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Plurality (voting)

A plurality vote (in North America) or relative majority (in the United Kingdom) describes the circumstance when a candidate or proposition polls more votes than any other, but does not receive a majority.

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Politics

Politics (from Politiká, meaning "affairs of the cities") is the process of making decisions that apply to members of a group.

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Politics of Italy

The politics of Italy are conducted through a parliamentary republic with a multi-party system.

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Pope Francis

Pope Francis (Franciscus; Francesco; Francisco; born Jorge Mario Bergoglio; 17 December 1936) is the 266th and current Pope and sovereign of the Vatican City State.

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Popular Alternative

Popular Alternative (Alternativa Popolare, AP) is a centrist, mainly Christian-democratic and originally centre-right political party in Italy that was founded on 18 March 2017 after the dissolution of New Centre-Right (NCD), one of the two parties that emerged at the break-up of The People of Freedom (PdL, the main Italian centre-right party from 2008–2013).

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Popular Area

Popular Area (Area Popolare, AP) was a centre-right and mainly Christian-democratic coalition, which included two parliamentary groups active in each house of the Italian Parliament: the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate.

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Popular Civic List

The Popular Civic List (Civica Popolare, CP) is a centrist coalition of political parties in Italy.

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Populism

In politics, populism refers to a range of approaches which emphasise the role of "the people" and often juxtapose this group against "the elite".

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Poste italiane

Poste Italiane S.p.A. is an Italian postal services provider.

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President of Angola

The President of the Republic of Angola (Presidente da República de Angola in Portuguese) is both head of state and head of government in Angola.

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President of Argentina

The President of the Argentine Nation (Presidente de la Nación Argentina), usually known as the President of Argentina, is both head of state and head of government of Argentina.

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President of Chile

The President of the Republic of Chile (Presidente de la República de Chile) is the head of state and the head of government of the Republic of Chile.

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President of Cuba

The President of Cuba (Presidente de Cuba), officially called from 1976 President of the Council of State (Presidente del Consejo de Estado de Cuba), is the head of the Council of State of Cuba.

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President of Egypt

The President of the Arab Republic of Egypt (رئيس جمهورية مصر العربية) is the head of state of Egypt.

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President of France

The President of the French Republic (Président de la République française) is the executive head of state of France in the French Fifth Republic.

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President of Iran

The President of Iran (Persian: رییس‌جمهور ایران Rayis Jomhur-e Irān) is the head of state of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

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President of Italy

The President of the Italian Republic (Presidente della Repubblica Italiana) is the head of state of Italy and in that role represents national unity and guarantees that Italian politics comply with the Constitution.

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President of Kazakhstan

The President of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Qazaqstan Respy'bli'kasynyn' Prezi'denti, Қазақстан Республикасының Президенті) is the head of state, commander-in-chief and holder of the highest office within the Republic of Kazakhstan.

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President of Mexico

The President of Mexico (Presidente de México), officially known as the President of the United Mexican States (Presidente de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos), is the head of state and government of Mexico.

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President of Russia

The President of the Russian Federation (Prezident Rossiyskoy Federatsii) is the elected head of state of the Russian Federation, as well as holder of the highest office in Russia and commander-in-chief of the Russian Armed Forces.

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President of the European Commission

The President of the European Commission is the head of the European Commission, the executive branch of the:European Union.

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President of the Palestinian National Authority

The President of the Palestinian National Authority (رئيس السلطة الوطنية الفلسطينية) is the highest-ranking political position (equivalent to head of state) in the Palestinian National Authority (PNA).

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President of the People's Republic of China

The President of the People's Republic of China is the head of state of the People's Republic of China.

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President of the United States

The President of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America.

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President of Turkey

The President of the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Cumhurbaşkanı) is the head of state of the Republic of Turkey.

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President of Ukraine

The President of Ukraine (Президент України, Prezydent Ukrayiny) is the Ukrainian head of state.

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President of Vietnam

The President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Chủ tịch nước Cộng hoà Xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam) is, according to the constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, the elected head of state of Vietnam, holds the second highest office in Vietnam after General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam.

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Primary election

A primary election is the process by which the general public can indicate their preference for a candidate in an upcoming general election or by-election, thus narrowing the field of candidates.

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Prime Minister of France

The French Prime Minister (Premier ministre français) in the Fifth Republic is the head of government.

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Prime Minister of Greece

The Prime Minister of the Hellenic Republic (Πρωθυπουργός της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας, Pro̱thypourgós ti̱s Elli̱nikí̱s Di̱mokratías), colloquially referred to as the Prime Minister of Greece (Πρωθυπουργός της Ελλάδας, Pro̱thypourgós ti̱s Elládas), is the head of government of the Hellenic Republic and the leader of the Greek cabinet.

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Prime Minister of Israel

The Prime Minister of Israel (רֹאשׁ הַמֶּמְשָׁלָה, Rosh HaMemshala, lit. Head of the Government, Hebrew acronym: רה״מ; رئيس الحكومة, Ra'īs al-Ḥukūma) is the head of government of Israel and the most powerful figure in Israeli politics.

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Prime Minister of Italy

The President of the Council of Ministers of the Italian Republic (Italian: Presidente del Consiglio dei ministri della Repubblica Italiana), commonly referred to in Italy as Presidente del Consiglio, or informally as Premier and known in English as the Prime Minister of Italy, is the head of government of the Italian Republic.

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Prime Minister of Japan

The is the head of government of Japan.

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Prime Minister of Malta

The Prime Minister of Malta (Prim Ministru ta' Malta) is the Head of Government, which is the highest official of Malta.

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Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of the United Kingdom government.

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Prime Minister of Turkey

The Prime Minister of Turkey (Turkish: Başbakan) was the head of government of Turkey.

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Prime Minister of Vietnam

The Prime Minister of Vietnam (Thủ tướng Việt Nam), officially styled Prime Minister of the Government of the Socialist Republic (Thủ tướng Chính phủ nước Cộng hòa Xã hội chủ nghĩa), is the head of government of Vietnam who presides over the meetings of the Central Government (formerly the Council of Ministers).

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Privately held company

A privately held company, private company, or close corporation is a business company owned either by non-governmental organizations or by a relatively small number of shareholders or company members which does not offer or trade its company stock (shares) to the general public on the stock market exchanges, but rather the company's stock is offered, owned and traded or exchanged privately.

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Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats

The Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (S&D) is the political group in the European Parliament of the Party of European Socialists (PES).

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Progressivism

Progressivism is the support for or advocacy of improvement of society by reform.

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Proportional representation

Proportional representation (PR) characterizes electoral systems by which divisions into an electorate are reflected proportionately into the elected body.

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Province of Florence

The Province of Florence (Provincia di Firenze) was a province in the northeast of Tuscany region of Italy.

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Public administration

Public Administration is the implementation of government policy and also an academic discipline that studies this implementation and prepares civil servants for working in the public service.

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Quirinal Palace

The Quirinal Palace (known in Italian as the Palazzo del Quirinale or simply Quirinale) is a historic building in Rome, Italy, one of the three current official residences of the President of the Italian Republic, together with Villa Rosebery in Naples and Tenuta di Castelporziano in Rome.

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Raúl Castro

Raúl Modesto Castro Ruz (born 3 June 1931) is a Cuban politician and leader who is currently serving as the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba, the most senior position in the Communist state, succeeding his brother Fidel Castro in April 2011.

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Ramallah

Ramallah (رام الله) is a Palestinian city in the central West Bank located north of Jerusalem at an average elevation of above sea level, adjacent to al-Bireh. It currently serves as the de facto administrative capital of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA). Ramallah was historically an Arab Christian town. Today Muslims form the majority of the population of nearly 27,092 in 2007, with Christians making up a significant minority.

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Recep Tayyip Erdoğan

Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (born 26 February 1954) is a Turkish politician serving as President of Turkey since 2014.

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Referee (association football)

In association football, the referee is the person responsible for enforcing the Laws of the Game during the course of a match.

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Regional Council of Lombardy

The Regional Council of Lombardy (Consiglio Regionale della Lombardia) is the legislative assembly of Lombardy.

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Regions of Italy

The regions of Italy (Italian: regioni) are the first-level administrative divisions of Italy, constituting its second NUTS administrative level.

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Renewable energy

Renewable energy is energy that is collected from renewable resources, which are naturally replenished on a human timescale, such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat.

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Renzi Cabinet

The Renzi Cabinet, led by Matteo Renzi, was the 63rd cabinet of the Italian Republic.

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Republic of the Congo

The Republic of the Congo (République du Congo), also known as the Congo-Brazzaville, the Congo Republic or simply the Congo, is a country in Central Africa.

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Republican marches

The Republican marches (Marches républicaines) were a series of rallies that took place in cities across France on 10–11 January 2015 to honour the victims of the ''Charlie Hebdo'' shooting, the Montrouge shooting, and the Porte de Vincennes siege, and also to voice support for freedom of speech.

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RIA Novosti

RIA Novosti (РИА Новости), sometimes RIA (РИА) for short, was Russia's international news agency until 2013 and continues to be the name of a state-operated domestic Russian-language news agency.

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Rignano sull'Arno

Rignano sull'Arno is a comune (municipality) in the province of Florence in the Italian region Tuscany, located about southeast of Florence.

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Roberta Pinotti

Roberta Pinotti (born 20 May 1961) is an Italian politician, member of the Democratic Party.

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Romano Prodi

Romano Prodi (born 9 August 1939) is an Italian politician who served as the 10th President of the European Commission from 1999 to 2004.

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Rome

Rome (Roma; Roma) is the capital city of Italy and a special comune (named Comune di Roma Capitale).

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Ronald P. Spogli

Ronald P. Spogli (born 1948) is an American venture capitalist and politician.

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Russia

Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

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Russian military intervention in Ukraine (2014–present)

In February 2014, Russia made several military incursions into Ukrainian territory.

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Same-sex relationship

A same-sex relationship is a relationship between persons of the same sex and can take many forms, from romantic and sexual, to non-romantic homosocially-close relationships.

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Santiago

Santiago, also known as Santiago de Chile, is the capital and largest city of Chile as well as one of the largest cities in the Americas.

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Scout (Scouting)

A Scout (in some countries a Boy Scout, Girl Scout or Pathfinder) is a child, usually 10–18 years of age, participating in the worldwide Scouting movement.

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Scouting

Scouting or the Scout Movement is a movement that aims to support young people in their physical, mental and spiritual development, that they may play constructive roles in society, with a strong focus on the outdoors and survival skills.

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Secretary of state

The title secretary of state or state secretary is commonly used for senior or mid-level posts in governments around the world.

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Senate

A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature or parliament.

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Senate of the Republic (Italy)

The Senate of the Republic (Senato della Repubblica) or Senate (Senato) is a house of the bicameral Italian Parliament (the other being the Chamber of Deputies).

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Senegal

Senegal (Sénégal), officially the Republic of Senegal, is a country in West Africa.

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Sergio Mattarella

Sergio Mattarella (born 23 July 1941) is an Italian politician, lawyer and judge serving as the 12th and current President of Italy since 2015.

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Shinzō Abe

is a Japanese politician serving as the 63rd and current Prime Minister of Japan and Leader of the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) since 2012, previously being the 57th officeholder from 2006 to 2007.

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Sicilian Regional Assembly

The Sicilian Regional Assembly is the legislative body of Sicily.

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Silicon Valley

Silicon Valley (abbreviated as SV) is a region in the southern San Francisco Bay Area of Northern California, referring to the Santa Clara Valley, which serves as the global center for high technology, venture capital, innovation, and social media.

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Silvio Berlusconi

Silvio Berlusconi (born 29 September 1936) is an Italian media tycoon and politician who has served as Prime Minister of Italy in four governments.

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Social democracy

Social democracy is a political, social and economic ideology that supports economic and social interventions to promote social justice within the framework of a liberal democratic polity and capitalist economy.

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Social network

A social network is a social structure made up of a set of social actors (such as individuals or organizations), sets of dyadic ties, and other social interactions between actors.

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Socialist Party (France)

The Socialist Party (Parti socialiste, PS) is a social-democratic political party in France, and the largest party of the French centre-left.

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South America

South America is a continent in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere.

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Sport in Italy

Sport in Italy has a long tradition.

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Srebrenica

Srebrenica is a town and municipality located in the easternmost part of Republika Srpska, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Stanford University

Stanford University (officially Leland Stanford Junior University, colloquially the Farm) is a private research university in Stanford, California.

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Startup company

A startup company (startup or start-up) is an entrepreneurial venture which is typically a newly emerged business that aims to meet a marketplace need by developing a viable business model around a product, service, process or a platform.

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State dinner

A state dinner or state lunch is a dinner or banquet paid for by a government and hosted by a head of state in his or her official residence in order to renew and celebrate diplomatic ties between the host country and the country of a foreign head of state or head of government who was issued an invitation.

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Stefania Giannini

Stefania Giannini (born 18 November 1960) is an Italian politician and linguist.

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Stefano Fassina

Stefano Fassina (born 17 April 1966) is an Italian economist and politician, member of the Chamber of Deputies and former member of the Italian Democratic Party.

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Stefano Rodotà

Stefano Rodotà (30 May 1933 – 23 June 2017) was an Italian jurist and politician.

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Stepfamily

A stepfamily, blended family, or bonus family is a family where at least one parent has children that are not genetically related to the other spouse or partner.

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Student publication

A student publication is a media outlet such as a newspaper, magazine, television show, or radio station produced by students at an educational institution.

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Sudan

The Sudan or Sudan (السودان as-Sūdān) also known as North Sudan since South Sudan's independence and officially the Republic of the Sudan (جمهورية السودان Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān), is a country in Northeast Africa.

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Susanna Camusso

Susanna Camusso (born 14 August 1955) is an Italian trade unionist and General Secretary of the CGIL.

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Syria

Syria (سوريا), officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic (الجمهورية العربية السورية), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest.

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Syrian Civil War

The Syrian Civil War (الحرب الأهلية السورية, Al-ḥarb al-ʼahliyyah as-sūriyyah) is an ongoing multi-sided armed conflict in Syria fought primarily between the Ba'athist Syrian Arab Republic led by President Bashar al-Assad, along with its allies, and various forces opposing both the government and each other in varying combinations.

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Syriza

The Coalition of the Radical Left (translit), mostly known by the syllabic abbreviation Syriza (sometimes stylised SY.RIZ.A.; ΣΥΡΙΖΑ; a pun on the Greek adverb σύρριζα, meaning "from the roots" or "radically"), is a political party in Greece, originally founded in 2004 as a coalition of left-wing and radical left parties.

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Tax evasion

Tax evasion is the illegal evasion of taxes by individuals, corporations, and trusts.

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Tear gas

Tear gas, formally known as a lachrymator agent or lachrymator (from the Latin lacrima, meaning "tear"), sometimes colloquially known as mace,"Mace" is a brand name for a tear gas spray is a chemical weapon that causes severe eye and respiratory pain, skin irritation, bleeding, and even blindness.

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Terna Group

Terna Group is a group of energy companies based in Rome, Italy.

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The Boston Globe

The Boston Globe (sometimes abbreviated as The Globe) is an American daily newspaper founded and based in Boston, Massachusetts, since its creation by Charles H. Taylor in 1872.

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The Daily Telegraph

The Daily Telegraph, commonly referred to simply as The Telegraph, is a national British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed across the United Kingdom and internationally.

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The Economist

The Economist is an English-language weekly magazine-format newspaper owned by the Economist Group and edited at offices in London.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The Independent

The Independent is a British online newspaper.

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The Wall Street Journal

The Wall Street Journal is a U.S. business-focused, English-language international daily newspaper based in New York City.

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Third Way

The Third Way is a position akin to centrism that tries to reconcile right-wing and left-wing politics by advocating a varying synthesis of centre-right economic and centre-left social policies.

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Together (Italy)

Together (Insieme), whose complete name is Italy Europe Together (Italia Europa Insieme), was a broadly progressive coalition of political parties in Italy, part of the centre-left coalition for the 2018 general election.

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Tokyo

, officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and has been the capital since 1869.

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Tony Blair

Anthony Charles Lynton Blair (born 6 May 1953) is a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1997 to 2007 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1994 to 2007.

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Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership

The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) is a proposed trade agreement between the European Union and the United States, with the aim of promoting trade and multilateral economic growth.

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Trương Tấn Sang

Trương Tấn Sang (born 21 January 1949) is a Vietnamese politician, who served as the President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam from 2011 to 2016.

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Trial

In law, a trial is a coming together of parties to a dispute, to present information (in the form of evidence) in a tribunal, a formal setting with the authority to adjudicate claims or disputes.

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Tunis

Tunis (تونس) is the capital and the largest city of Tunisia.

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Tunisia

Tunisia (تونس; Berber: Tunes, ⵜⵓⵏⴻⵙ; Tunisie), officially the Republic of Tunisia, (الجمهورية التونسية) is a sovereign state in Northwest Africa, covering. Its northernmost point, Cape Angela, is the northernmost point on the African continent. It is bordered by Algeria to the west and southwest, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Tunisia's population was estimated to be just under 11.93 million in 2016. Tunisia's name is derived from its capital city, Tunis, which is located on its northeast coast. Geographically, Tunisia contains the eastern end of the Atlas Mountains, and the northern reaches of the Sahara desert. Much of the rest of the country's land is fertile soil. Its of coastline include the African conjunction of the western and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Basin and, by means of the Sicilian Strait and Sardinian Channel, feature the African mainland's second and third nearest points to Europe after Gibraltar. Tunisia is a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic. It is considered to be the only full democracy in the Arab World. It has a high human development index. It has an association agreement with the European Union; is a member of La Francophonie, the Union for the Mediterranean, the Arab Maghreb Union, the Arab League, the OIC, the Greater Arab Free Trade Area, the Community of Sahel-Saharan States, the African Union, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Group of 77; and has obtained the status of major non-NATO ally of the United States. In addition, Tunisia is also a member state of the United Nations and a state party to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Close relations with Europe in particular with France and with Italy have been forged through economic cooperation, privatisation and industrial modernization. In ancient times, Tunisia was primarily inhabited by Berbers. Phoenician immigration began in the 12th century BC; these immigrants founded Carthage. A major mercantile power and a military rival of the Roman Republic, Carthage was defeated by the Romans in 146 BC. The Romans, who would occupy Tunisia for most of the next eight hundred years, introduced Christianity and left architectural legacies like the El Djem amphitheater. After several attempts starting in 647, the Muslims conquered the whole of Tunisia by 697, followed by the Ottoman Empire between 1534 and 1574. The Ottomans held sway for over three hundred years. The French colonization of Tunisia occurred in 1881. Tunisia gained independence with Habib Bourguiba and declared the Tunisian Republic in 1957. In 2011, the Tunisian Revolution resulted in the overthrow of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, followed by parliamentary elections. The country voted for parliament again on 26 October 2014, and for President on 23 November 2014.

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Turin

Turin (Torino; Turin) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in northern Italy.

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Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan (or; Türkmenistan), (formerly known as Turkmenia) is a sovereign state in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north and east, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest, and the Caspian Sea to the west.

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Tuscany

Tuscany (Toscana) is a region in central Italy with an area of about and a population of about 3.8 million inhabitants (2013).

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Twitter

Twitter is an online news and social networking service on which users post and interact with messages known as "tweets".

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Ukraine

Ukraine (Ukrayina), sometimes called the Ukraine, is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast; Belarus to the northwest; Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively.

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Ukrainian crisis

A prolonged crisis in Ukraine began on 21 November 2013 when then-president Viktor Yanukovych suspended preparations for the implementation of an association agreement with the European Union.

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Umbria

Umbria is a region of central Italy.

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Unemployment

Unemployment is the situation of actively looking for employment but not being currently employed.

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Union of the Centre (2002)

The Union of the Centre (Unione di Centro, UdC), whose complete name is Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (Unione dei Democratici Cristiani e Democratici di Centro, UDC), is a Christian democratic political party in Italy.

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United Nations

The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation and to create and maintain international order.

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United Nations General Assembly

The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA or GA; Assemblée Générale AG) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN), the only one in which all member nations have equal representation, and the main deliberative, policy-making and representative organ of the UN.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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United States Army

The United States Army (USA) is the land warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces.

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United States Geological Survey

The United States Geological Survey (USGS, formerly simply Geological Survey) is a scientific agency of the United States government.

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United States of Europe

The United States of Europe, the European state, the European superstate, the European federation and Federal Europe are names used to refer to several similar hypothetical scenarios of the unification of Europe as a single sovereign federation of states (hence superstate), similar to the United States of America, both as projected by writers of speculative fiction and science fiction and by political scientists, politicians, geographers, historians and futurologists.

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University of Cambridge

The University of Cambridge (informally Cambridge University)The corporate title of the university is The Chancellor, Masters, and Scholars of the University of Cambridge.

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University of Florence

The University of Florence (Italian: Università degli Studi di Firenze, UniFI) is an Italian public research university located in Florence, Italy.

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Vasco Errani

Vasco Errani (born 17 May 1955) is an Italian politician.

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Vatican City

Vatican City (Città del Vaticano; Civitas Vaticana), officially the Vatican City State or the State of Vatican City (Stato della Città del Vaticano; Status Civitatis Vaticanae), is an independent state located within the city of Rome.

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Veneto

Veneto (or,; Vèneto) is one of the 20 regions of Italy.

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Vietnam

Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia.

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Virginia Raggi

Virginia Elena Raggi (born 18 July 1978) is an Italian lawyer and politician, the 65th and current Mayor of Rome, who was first elected in 2016.

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Visso

Visso is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Macerata in the Italian region Marche, located about southwest of Ancona and about southwest of Macerata.

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Vladimir Putin

Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (a; born 7 October 1952) is a Russian statesman and former intelligence officer serving as President of Russia since 2012, previously holding the position from 2000 until 2008.

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Wales

Wales (Cymru) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain.

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Walter Veltroni

Walter Veltroni (born 3 July 1955) is an Italian writer, journalist, and politician, who served as the first leader of the Democratic Party within the centre-left opposition, until his resignation on 17 February 2009.

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War in Donbass

The War in Donbass is an armed conflict in the Donbass region of Ukraine.

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West Africa

West Africa, also called Western Africa and the West of Africa, is the westernmost region of Africa.

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Western world

The Western world refers to various nations depending on the context, most often including at least part of Europe and the Americas.

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Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show)

Wheel of Fortune (often known simply as Wheel) is an American television game show created by Merv Griffin.

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White House

The White House is the official residence and workplace of the President of the United States.

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Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi or WiFi is technology for radio wireless local area networking of devices based on the IEEE 802.11 standards.

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Xi Jinping

Xi Jinping (born 15 June 1953) is a Chinese politician currently serving as General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC), President of the People's Republic of China, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission.

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Yahoo!

Yahoo! is a web services provider headquartered in Sunnyvale, California and wholly owned by Verizon Communications through Oath Inc..

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10 Downing Street

10 Downing Street, colloquially known in the United Kingdom as Number 10, is the headquarters of the Government of the United Kingdom and the official residence and office of the First Lord of the Treasury, a post which, for much of the 18th and 19th centuries and invariably since 1905, has been held by the Prime Minister.

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1980 Irpinia earthquake

The 1980 Irpinia earthquake (Terremoto dell'Irpinia) took place in Southern Italy on November 23 with a moment magnitude of 6.9 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of X (Extreme).

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2012 Northern Italy earthquakes

In May 2012, two major earthquakes struck Northern Italy, causing 27 deaths and widespread damage.

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2014 G20 Brisbane summit

The 2014 G20 Brisbane summit was the ninth meeting of the G20 heads of government/heads of state.

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2014 Israel–Gaza conflict

The 2014 Israel–Gaza conflict also known as Operation Protective Edge (מִבְצָע צוּק אֵיתָן, Miv'tza Tzuk Eitan, lit. "Operation Strong Cliff") and sometimes referred to as the 2014 Gaza war, was a military operation launched by Israel on 8 July 2014 in the Hamas-ruled Gaza Strip.

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2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine

From the end of February 2014, demonstrations by pro-Russian and anti-government groups took place in major cities across the eastern and southern regions of Ukraine, in the aftermath of the Euromaidan movement and the 2014 Ukrainian revolution.

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2014 Wales summit

The 2014 Wales Summit of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was a meeting of the heads of state and heads of government of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, held in Newport, Wales on 4 and 5 September 2014.

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2024 Summer Olympics

The 2024 Summer Olympics (Jeux olympiques d'été de 2024), officially known as the Games of the XXXIII Olympiad, and commonly known as Paris 2024, is a forthcoming international multi-sport event that is scheduled to take place from 26 July to 11 August 2024 in Paris, France.

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40 under 40 (Fortune magazine)

Fortune magazine's 40 under 40 is a list of individuals whom editors at ''Fortune'' magazine consider to be the most influential young leaders for the year.

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40th G7 summit

The 40th G8 summit was due to be held in Russia in 2014.

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Redirects here:

Mateo Renzi, Renzi.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matteo_Renzi

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