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Messenger RNA decapping

Index Messenger RNA decapping

The process of messenger RNA decapping consists of hydrolysis of the 5' cap structure on the RNA exposing a 5' monophosphate. [1]

16 relations: Bacterial transcription, DCP2, Eukaryote, Eukaryotic initiation factor, Exonuclease, Exosome complex, Five-prime cap, Hydrolysis, Messenger RNA, MicroRNA, Nonsense-mediated decay, P-bodies, Polysome, Prokaryote, Pyrophosphate, Translation (biology).

Bacterial transcription

Bacterial transcription is the process in which messenger RNA transcripts of genetic material in bacteria are produced, to be translated for the production of proteins.

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DCP2

mRNA-decapping enzyme 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DCP2 gene.

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Eukaryote

Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes, unlike Prokaryotes (Bacteria and other Archaea).

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Eukaryotic initiation factor

Eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are proteins or protein complexes involved in the initiation phase of eukaryotic translation.

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Exonuclease

Exonucleases are enzymes that work by cleaving nucleotides one at a time from the end (exo) of a polynucleotide chain.

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Exosome complex

The exosome complex (or PM/Scl complex, often just called the exosome) is a multi-protein intracellular complex capable of degrading various types of RNA (ribonucleic acid) molecules.

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Five-prime cap

In molecular biology, the five-prime cap (5′ cap) is a specially altered nucleotide on the 5′ end of some primary transcripts such as precursor messenger RNA.

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Hydrolysis

Hydrolysis is a term used for both an electro-chemical process and a biological one.

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Messenger RNA

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a large family of RNA molecules that convey genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where they specify the amino acid sequence of the protein products of gene expression.

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MicroRNA

A microRNA (abbreviated miRNA) is a small non-coding RNA molecule (containing about 22 nucleotides) found in plants, animals and some viruses, that functions in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression.

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Nonsense-mediated decay

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a surveillance pathway that exists in all eukaryotes.

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P-bodies

Processing bodies (P-bodies) are distinct foci within the cytoplasm of the eukaryotic cell consisting of many enzymes involved in mRNA turnover.

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Polysome

A polyribosome (or polysome) is a complex of an mRNA molecule and two or more ribosomes that act to translate mRNA instructions into polypeptides.

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Prokaryote

A prokaryote is a unicellular organism that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus, mitochondria, or any other membrane-bound organelle.

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Pyrophosphate

In chemistry, a pyrophosphate is a phosphorus oxyanion.

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Translation (biology)

In molecular biology and genetics, translation is the process in which ribosomes in the cytoplasm or ER synthesize proteins after the process of transcription of DNA to RNA in the cell's nucleus.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messenger_RNA_decapping

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