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69 relations: Actinolite, Alkali feldspar, Allanite, Amorphous solid, Amphibole, Amphibolite, Anhydrite, Anhydrous, Augite, Calcite, Calcium, Carbon dioxide, Carbonic acid, Catalysis, Chemical composition, Chlorite group, Clay minerals, Coesite, Crystal, Crystallography, Diagenesis, Dolomite, Dolomitization, Dolostone, Epidosite, Epidote, Ferric, Ferrous, Goethite, Granitoid, Greenschist, Gypsum, Hydroxide, Impact crater, Ion, Ion exchange, Iron, Kaolinite, Laws of thermodynamics, Limestone, Magnesium, Metamictization, Metamorphic rock, Metamorphism, Mineral, Olivine, Opal, Permineralization, Plagioclase, Potassium feldspar, ..., Pseudomorph, Pyrite, Pyroxene, Quartz, Radionuclide, Rain, Redox, Sedimentary rock, Serpentine subgroup, Serpentinite, Solid solution, Stishovite, Sulfate, Sulfate minerals, Sulfur, Tremolite, Water, Weathering, Zircon. Expand index (19 more) »
Actinolite
Actinolite is an amphibole silicate mineral with the chemical formula.
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Alkali feldspar
The alkali feldspar group are those feldspar minerals rich in the alkali elements like potassium and sodium.
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Allanite
Allanite (also called orthite) is a sorosilicate group of minerals within the broader epidote group that contain a significant amount of rare-earth elements.
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Amorphous solid
In condensed matter physics and materials science, an amorphous (from the Greek a, without, morphé, shape, form) or non-crystalline solid is a solid that lacks the long-range order that is characteristic of a crystal.
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Amphibole
Amphibole is an important group of generally dark-colored, inosilicate minerals, forming prism or needlelike crystals, composed of double chain tetrahedra, linked at the vertices and generally containing ions of iron and/or magnesium in their structures.
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Amphibolite
Amphibolid is a metamorphic rock that contains amphibole, especially the species hornblende and actinolite, as well as plagioclase.
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Anhydrite
Anhydrite is a mineral—anhydrous calcium sulfate, CaSO4.
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Anhydrous
A substance is anhydrous if it contains no water.
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Augite
Augite is a common rock-forming pyroxene mineral with formula (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al,Ti)(Si,Al)2O6.
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Calcite
Calcite is a carbonate mineral and the most stable polymorph of calcium carbonate (CaCO3).
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Calcium
Calcium is a chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20.
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Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide (chemical formula) is a colorless gas with a density about 60% higher than that of dry air.
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Carbonic acid
Carbonic acid is a chemical compound with the chemical formula H2CO3 (equivalently OC(OH)2).
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Catalysis
Catalysis is the increase in the rate of a chemical reaction due to the participation of an additional substance called a catalysthttp://goldbook.iupac.org/C00876.html, which is not consumed in the catalyzed reaction and can continue to act repeatedly.
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Chemical composition
Chemical composition refers to the identity and relative number of the chemical elements that make up any particular compound.
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Chlorite group
The chlorites are a group of phyllosilicate minerals.
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Clay minerals
Clay minerals are hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, sometimes with variable amounts of iron, magnesium, alkali metals, alkaline earths, and other cations found on or near some planetary surfaces.
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Coesite
Coesite is a form (polymorph) of silicon dioxide SiO2 that is formed when very high pressure (2–3 gigapascals), and moderately high temperature, are applied to quartz.
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Crystal
A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituents (such as atoms, molecules, or ions) are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure, forming a crystal lattice that extends in all directions.
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Crystallography
Crystallography is the experimental science of determining the arrangement of atoms in crystalline solids (see crystal structure).
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Diagenesis
Diagenesis is the change of sediments or existing sedimentary rocks into a different sedimentary rock during and after rock formation (lithification), at temperatures and pressures less than that required for the formation of metamorphic rocks.
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Dolomite
Dolomite is an anhydrous carbonate mineral composed of calcium magnesium carbonate, ideally The term is also used for a sedimentary carbonate rock composed mostly of the mineral dolomite.
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Dolomitization
Dolomitization is a geological process by which the carbonate mineral dolomite is formed when magnesium ions replace calcium ions in another carbonate mineral, calcite.
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Dolostone
Dolostone or dolomite rock is a sedimentary carbonate rock that contains a high percentage of the mineral dolomite, CaMg(CO3)2.
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Epidosite
Epidosite is a highly altered epidote and quartz bearing rock.
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Epidote
Epidote is a calcium aluminium iron sorosilicate mineral.
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Ferric
Ferric refers to iron-containing materials or compounds.
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Ferrous
In chemistry, ferrous (Fe2+), indicates a divalent iron compound (+2 oxidation state), as opposed to ferric, which indicates a trivalent iron compound (+3 oxidation state).
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Goethite
Goethite (FeO(OH)) is an iron bearing hydroxide mineral of the diaspore group.
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Granitoid
A granitoid or granitic rock is a variety of coarse grained plutonic rock similar to granite which mineralogically is composed predominantly of feldspar and quartz.
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Greenschist
Greenschists are metamorphic rocks that formed under the lowest temperatures and pressures usually produced by regional metamorphism, typically and 2–10 kilobars.
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Gypsum
Gypsum is a soft sulfate mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate, with the chemical formula CaSO4·2H2O.
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Hydroxide
Hydroxide is a diatomic anion with chemical formula OH−.
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Impact crater
An impact crater is an approximately circular depression in the surface of a planet, moon, or other solid body in the Solar System or elsewhere, formed by the hypervelocity impact of a smaller body.
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Ion
An ion is an atom or molecule that has a non-zero net electrical charge (its total number of electrons is not equal to its total number of protons).
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Ion exchange
Ion exchange is an exchange of ions between two electrolytes or between an electrolyte solution and a complex.
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Iron
Iron is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from ferrum) and atomic number 26.
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Kaolinite
Kaolinite is a clay mineral, part of the group of industrial minerals, with the chemical composition Al2Si2O5(OH)4.
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Laws of thermodynamics
The four laws of thermodynamics define fundamental physical quantities (temperature, energy, and entropy) that characterize thermodynamic systems at thermal equilibrium.
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Limestone
Limestone is a sedimentary rock, composed mainly of skeletal fragments of marine organisms such as coral, forams and molluscs.
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Magnesium
Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12.
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Metamictization
Metamictization (sometimes called metamiction) is a natural process resulting in the gradual and ultimately complete destruction of a mineral's crystal structure, leaving the mineral amorphous.
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Metamorphic rock
Metamorphic rocks arise from the transformation of existing rock types, in a process called metamorphism, which means "change in form".
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Metamorphism
Metamorphism is the change of minerals or geologic texture (distinct arrangement of minerals) in pre-existing rocks (protoliths), without the protolith melting into liquid magma (a solid-state change).
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Mineral
A mineral is a naturally occurring chemical compound, usually of crystalline form and not produced by life processes.
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Olivine
The mineral olivine is a magnesium iron silicate with the formula (Mg2+, Fe2+)2SiO4.
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Opal
Opal is a hydrated amorphous form of silica (SiO2·nH2O); its water content may range from 3 to 21% by weight, but is usually between 6 and 10%.
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Permineralization
Permineralization is a process of fossilization in which mineral deposits form internal casts of organisms.
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Plagioclase
Plagioclase is a series of tectosilicate (framework silicate) minerals within the feldspar group.
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Potassium feldspar
Potassium feldspar refers to a number of minerals in the feldspar group, and containing potassium.
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Pseudomorph
In mineralogy, a pseudomorph is a mineral or mineral compound that appears in an atypical form (crystal system), resulting from a substitution process in which the appearance and dimensions remain constant, but the original mineral is replaced by another.
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Pyrite
The mineral pyrite, or iron pyrite, also known as fool's gold, is an iron sulfide with the chemical formula FeS2 (iron(II) disulfide).
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Pyroxene
The pyroxenes (commonly abbreviated to Px) are a group of important rock-forming inosilicate minerals found in many igneous and metamorphic rocks.
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Quartz
Quartz is a mineral composed of silicon and oxygen atoms in a continuous framework of SiO4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra, with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra, giving an overall chemical formula of SiO2.
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Radionuclide
A radionuclide (radioactive nuclide, radioisotope or radioactive isotope) is an atom that has excess nuclear energy, making it unstable.
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Rain
Rain is liquid water in the form of droplets that have condensed from atmospheric water vapor and then becomes heavy enough to fall under gravity.
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Redox
Redox (short for reduction–oxidation reaction) (pronunciation: or) is a chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of atoms are changed.
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Sedimentary rock
Sedimentary rocks are types of rock that are formed by the deposition and subsequent cementation of that material at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water.
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Serpentine subgroup
The serpentine subgroup (part of the kaolinite-serpentine group) are greenish, brownish, or spotted minerals commonly found in serpentinite rocks.
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Serpentinite
Serpentinite is a rock composed of one or more serpentine group minerals, the name originating from the similarity of the texture of the rock to that of the skin of a snake.
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Solid solution
A solid solution is a solid-state solution of one or more solutes in a solvent.
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Stishovite
Stishovite is an extremely hard, dense tetragonal form (polymorph) of silicon dioxide.
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Sulfate
The sulfate or sulphate (see spelling differences) ion is a polyatomic anion with the empirical formula.
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Sulfate minerals
The sulfate minerals are a class of minerals that include the sulfate ion (SO42−) within their structure.
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Sulfur
Sulfur or sulphur is a chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16.
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Tremolite
Tremolite is a member of the amphibole group of silicate minerals with composition: ☐Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)2.
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Water
Water is a transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless chemical substance that is the main constituent of Earth's streams, lakes, and oceans, and the fluids of most living organisms.
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Weathering
Weathering is the breaking down of rocks, soil, and minerals as well as wood and artificial materials through contact with the Earth's atmosphere, water, and biological organisms.
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Zircon
Zircon is a mineral belonging to the group of nesosilicates.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineral_alteration
