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PCI Express

Index PCI Express

PCI Express (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express), officially abbreviated as PCIe or PCI-e, is a high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard, designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards. [1]

159 relations: Accelerated Graphics Port, Acknowledgement (data networks), Active State Power Management, Advanced Host Controller Interface, Advanced Mezzanine Card, Advanced Micro Devices, Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture, Ajay Bhatt, AMD 700 chipset series, AMD CrossFireX, AMD XGP, AnandTech, Apple Inc., Application-specific integrated circuit, Asus, Asus Eee PC, Backward compatibility, Bandwidth (computing), Baud, BIOS, Bit rate, Bitstream, Bus (computing), Cache coherent interconnect for accelerators, Clock skew, Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface, CompactFlash, CompactPCI, Computer, Computer cluster, Conventional PCI, Copper, Cyclic redundancy check, Data center, Dell, Differential signaling, Digital Visual Interface, Disk array controller, DisplayPort, Dolphin Interconnect Solutions, Duplex (telecommunications), Edge connector, Electromagnetic interference, Ethernet, Exclusive or, Expansion card, ExpressCard, FeaturePak, Fibre Channel, Flash memory, ..., Forward compatibility, Gen-Z, Gigabit, Gigabit Ethernet, Gigabyte, Gigabyte Technology, Graphics processing unit, GSM, HDMI, Hewlett-Packard, Hot swapping, HyperTransport, I/O virtualization, IBM, IEEE 1394, IEEE 802, IEEE 802.11, InfiniBand, Intel, Intel Developer Forum, Intel GMA, Intel P35, Intel QuickPath Interconnect, Interrupt, JTAG, Laptop, Line code, Linear-feedback shift register, List of Intel chipsets, Local bus, M-PHY, M.2, MacBook Air, MacBook Pro, Medium access control, Megabyte, Memory card, Message Signaled Interrupts, Mini DisplayPort, MIPI Alliance, Mobile PCI Express Module, Modular arithmetic, Network topology, NForce 700, NUMAlink, Nvidia, Nvidia Quadro Plex, NVM Express, Open collector, Optical fiber, OSI model, Parallel communication, PC Card, PC/104, PCI configuration space, PCI Express, PCI Mezzanine Card, PCI-SIG, PCI-X, PCI/104-Express, Personal computer, Phase-locked loop, Power supply unit (computer), Printed circuit board, Pull-up resistor, RapidIO, Root complex, Routing, Russia, SATA Express, Scalable Link Interface, Scrambler, SCSI, Self-clocking signal, SerDes, Serial ATA, Serial Attached SCSI, Serial communication, Serial Digital Video Out, Signal velocity, Solid-state drive, Sony Vaio Z series, Special Interest Group, Standby power, Subscriber identity module, Super Micro Computer, Inc., Sweden, Symbol (chemistry), Synopsys, System Management Bus, Thunderbolt (interface), Transfer (computing), Two-way communication, U.2, UMTS, United Kingdom, Universal Abit, USB, USB-C, Very-high-density cable interconnect, Video card, Wi-Fi, Wireless network interface controller, Word (computer architecture), XG Station, XQD card, 10 Gigabit Ethernet, 64b/66b encoding, 8b/10b encoding. Expand index (109 more) »

Accelerated Graphics Port

The Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) was designed as a high-speed point-to-point channel for attaching a video card to a computer system, primarily to assist in the acceleration of 3D computer graphics.

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Acknowledgement (data networks)

In data networking, telecommunications, and computer buses, an acknowledgement (ACK) is a signal passed between communicating processes, computers, or devices to signify acknowledgement, or receipt of message, as part of a communications protocol.

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Active State Power Management

Active State Power Management (ASPM) is a power management protocol used to manage PCI Express-based (PCIe) serial link devices as links become less active over time.

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Advanced Host Controller Interface

The Advanced Host Controller Interface (AHCI) is a technical standard defined by Intel that specifies the operation of Serial ATA (SATA) host bus adapters in a non-implementation-specific manner.

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Advanced Mezzanine Card

Advanced Mezzanine Cards are printed circuit boards (PCBs) that follow a specification of the PCI Industrial Computers Manufacturers Group (PICMG), with more than 100 companies participating.

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Advanced Micro Devices

Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) is an American multinational semiconductor company based in Santa Clara, California, that develops computer processors and related technologies for business and consumer markets.

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Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture

Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture (ATCA or AdvancedTCA) is the largest specification effort in the history of the PCI Industrial Computer Manufacturers Group (PICMG), with more than 100 companies participating.

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Ajay Bhatt

Ajay V. Bhatt is an Indian-American computer architect who helped define and develop several widely used technologies, including USB (Universal Serial Bus), AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port), PCI Express, Platform Power management architecture and various chipset improvements.

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AMD 700 chipset series

The AMD 700 chipset series (also called as AMD 7-Series Chipsets) is a set of chipsets designed by ATI for AMD Phenom processors to be sold under the AMD brand.

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AMD CrossFireX

AMD CrossFire (also known as CrossFireX) is a brand name for the multi-GPU technology by Advanced Micro Devices, originally developed by ATI Technologies.

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AMD XGP

AMD XGP (eXternal Graphics Platform) is brand for an external graphics solution for laptops and notebooks by AMD.

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AnandTech

AnandTech is an online computer hardware magazine.

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Apple Inc.

Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.

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Application-specific integrated circuit

An Application-Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), is an integrated circuit (IC) customized for a particular use, rather than intended for general-purpose use.

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Asus

AsusTek Computer Inc. (stylised as ASUSTeK or ΛSUS) is a Taiwanese multinational computer and phone hardware and electronics company headquartered in Beitou District, Taipei, Taiwan.

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Asus Eee PC

The Asus Eee PC is a netbook computer line from Asus, and a part of the Asus Eee product family.

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Backward compatibility

Backward compatibility is a property of a system, product, or technology that allows for interoperability with an older legacy system, or with input designed for such a system, especially in telecommunications and computing.

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Bandwidth (computing)

In computing, bandwidth is the maximum rate of data transfer across a given path.

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Baud

In telecommunication and electronics, baud (symbol: Bd) is a common measure of the speed of communication over a data channel.

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BIOS

BIOS (an acronym for Basic Input/Output System and also known as the System BIOS, ROM BIOS or PC BIOS) is non-volatile firmware used to perform hardware initialization during the booting process (power-on startup), and to provide runtime services for operating systems and programs.

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Bit rate

In telecommunications and computing, bit rate (bitrate or as a variable R) is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time.

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Bitstream

A bitstream (or bit stream), also known as binary sequence, is a sequence of bits.

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Bus (computing)

In computer architecture, a bus (a contraction of the Latin omnibus) is a communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer, or between computers.

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Cache coherent interconnect for accelerators

The cache coherent interconnect for accelerators (CCIX) protocol is the result of an effort of a joint group of computer, hardware and software component vendors: AMD, ARM, Huawei, Mellanox Technologies, Qualcomm and Xilinx.

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Clock skew

Clock skew (sometimes called timing skew) is a phenomenon in synchronous digital circuit systems (such as computer systems) in which the same sourced clock signal arrives at different components at different times i.e. the instantaneous difference between the readings of any two clocks is called their skew.

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Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface

Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface, officially abbreviated as CAPI, is a high-speed processor expansion bus standard, initially designed to be layered on top of PCI Express, for directly connecting CPUs to external accelerators like GPUs, ASICs, FPGAs or fast storage.

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CompactFlash

CompactFlash (CF) is a flash memory mass storage device used mainly in portable electronic devices.

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CompactPCI

CompactPCI is a computer bus interconnect for industrial computers, combining a Eurocard-type connector and PCI signaling and protocols.

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Computer

A computer is a device that can be instructed to carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations automatically via computer programming.

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Computer cluster

A computer cluster is a set of loosely or tightly connected computers that work together so that, in many respects, they can be viewed as a single system.

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Conventional PCI

Conventional PCI, often shortened to PCI, is a local computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer.

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Copper

Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from cuprum) and atomic number 29.

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Cyclic redundancy check

A cyclic redundancy check (CRC) is an error-detecting code commonly used in digital networks and storage devices to detect accidental changes to raw data.

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Data center

A data center (American English) or data centre (Commonwealth English) is a facility used to house computer systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems.

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Dell

Dell (stylized as DELL) is an American multinational computer technology company based in Round Rock, Texas, United States, that develops, sells, repairs, and supports computers and related products and services.

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Differential signaling

Differential signaling is a method for electrically transmitting information using two complementary signals.

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Digital Visual Interface

Digital Visual Interface (DVI) is a video display interface developed by the Digital Display Working Group (DDWG).

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Disk array controller

A disk array controller is a device which manages the physical disk drives and presents them to the computer as logical units.

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DisplayPort

DisplayPort (DP) is a digital display interface developed by a consortium of PC and chip manufacturers and standardized by the Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA).

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Dolphin Interconnect Solutions

Dolphin Interconnect Solutions is a manufacturer of high speed data communication systems, located in Oslo, Norway (headquarters) and Woodsville, New Hampshire, USA.

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Duplex (telecommunications)

A duplex communication system is a point-to-point system composed of two or more connected parties or devices that can communicate with one another in both directions.

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Edge connector

An edge connector is the portion of a printed circuit board (PCB) consisting of traces leading to the edge of the board that are intended to plug into a matching socket.

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Electromagnetic interference

Electromagnetic interference (EMI), also called radio-frequency interference (RFI) when in the radio frequency spectrum, is a disturbance generated by an external source that affects an electrical circuit by electromagnetic induction, electrostatic coupling, or conduction.

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Ethernet

Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies commonly used in local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN) and wide area networks (WAN).

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Exclusive or

Exclusive or or exclusive disjunction is a logical operation that outputs true only when inputs differ (one is true, the other is false).

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Expansion card

In computing, the expansion card, expansion board, adapter card or accessory card is a printed circuit board that can be inserted into an electrical connector, or expansion slot, on a computer motherboard, backplane or riser card to add functionality to a computer system via the expansion bus.

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ExpressCard

ExpressCard, initially called NEWCARD, is an interface to connect peripheral devices to a computer, usually a laptop computer.

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FeaturePak

The FeaturePak standard defines a small form factor card for I/O expansion of embedded systems and other space-constrained computing applications.

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Fibre Channel

Fibre Channel, or FC, is a high-speed network technology (commonly running at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 128 gigabit per second rates) providing in-order, lossless delivery of raw block data, primarily used to connect computer data storage to servers.

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Flash memory

Flash memory is an electronic (solid-state) non-volatile computer storage medium that can be electrically erased and reprogrammed.

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Forward compatibility

Forward compatibility or upward compatibility is a design characteristic that allows a system to accept input intended for a later version of itself.

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Gen-Z

The Gen-Z consortium is a trade group of technology vendors involved in designing CPUs, random access memory, servers, storage, and accelerators.

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Gigabit

The gigabit is a multiple of the unit bit for digital information or computer storage.

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Gigabit Ethernet

In computer networking, Gigabit Ethernet (GbE or 1 GigE) is a term describing various technologies for transmitting Ethernet frames at a rate of a gigabit per second (1,000,000,000 bits per second), as defined by the IEEE 802.3-2008 standard.

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Gigabyte

The gigabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.

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Gigabyte Technology

Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd., is an international manufacturer and distributor of computer hardware products.

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Graphics processing unit

A graphics processing unit (GPU) is a specialized electronic circuit designed to rapidly manipulate and alter memory to accelerate the creation of images in a frame buffer intended for output to a display device.

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GSM

GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) is a standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-generation digital cellular networks used by mobile devices such as tablets, first deployed in Finland in December 1991.

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HDMI

HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) is a proprietary audio/video interface for transmitting uncompressed video data and compressed or uncompressed digital audio data from an HDMI-compliant source device, such as a display controller, to a compatible computer monitor, video projector, digital television, or digital audio device.

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Hewlett-Packard

The Hewlett-Packard Company (commonly referred to as HP) or shortened to Hewlett-Packard was an American multinational information technology company headquartered in Palo Alto, California.

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Hot swapping

Hot swapping (frequently inaccurately called hot plugging) is replacing or adding components without stopping or shutting down the system.

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HyperTransport

HyperTransport (HT), formerly known as Lightning Data Transport (LDT), is a technology for interconnection of computer processors.

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I/O virtualization

Input/output (I/O) virtualization is a methodology to simplify management, lower costs and improve performance of servers in enterprise environments.

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IBM

The International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States, with operations in over 170 countries.

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IEEE 1394

IEEE 1394 is an interface standard for a serial bus for high-speed communications and isochronous real-time data transfer.

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IEEE 802

IEEE 802 is a family of IEEE standards dealing with local area networks and metropolitan area networks.

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IEEE 802.11

IEEE 802.11 is a set of media access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications for implementing wireless local area network (WLAN) computer communication in the 900 MHz and 2.4, 3.6, 5, and 60 GHz frequency bands.

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InfiniBand

InfiniBand (abbreviated IB) is a computer-networking communications standard used in high-performance computing that features very high throughput and very low latency.

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Intel

Intel Corporation (stylized as intel) is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, in the Silicon Valley.

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Intel Developer Forum

Intel Developer Forum (IDF), is a gathering of technologists to discuss Intel products and products based on Intel products.

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Intel GMA

The Intel Graphics Media Accelerator, or GMA, is a series of integrated graphics processors introduced in 2004 by Intel, replacing the earlier Intel Extreme Graphics series and being succeeded by the Intel HD and Iris Graphics series.

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Intel P35

The P35 Express (codenamed Bearlake) is a mainstream desktop computer chipset from Intel released in June 2007, although motherboards featuring the chipset were available a month earlier.

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Intel QuickPath Interconnect

The Intel QuickPath Interconnect (QPI) is a point-to-point processor interconnect developed by Intel which replaced the front-side bus (FSB) in Xeon, Itanium, and certain desktop platforms starting in 2008.

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Interrupt

In system programming, an interrupt is a signal to the processor emitted by hardware or software indicating an event that needs immediate attention.

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JTAG

JTAG (named after the Joint Test Action Group which codified it) is an industry standard for verifying designs and testing printed circuit boards after manufacture.

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Laptop

A laptop, also called a notebook computer or just notebook, is a small, portable personal computer with a "clamshell" form factor, having, typically, a thin LCD or LED computer screen mounted on the inside of the upper lid of the "clamshell" and an alphanumeric keyboard on the inside of the lower lid.

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Line code

Some signals are more prone to error than others when conveyed over a communication channel as the physics of the communication or storage medium constrains the repertoire of signals that can be used reliably.

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Linear-feedback shift register

In computing, a linear-feedback shift register (LFSR) is a shift register whose input bit is a linear function of its previous state.

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List of Intel chipsets

This article provides a list of motherboard chipsets made by Intel, divided into three main categories: those that use the PCI bus for interconnection (the 4xx series), those that connect using specialized "hub links" (the 8xx series), and those that connect using PCI Express (the 9xx series).

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Local bus

In computer architecture, a local bus is a computer bus that connects directly, or almost directly, from the CPU to one or more slots on the expansion bus.

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M-PHY

M-PHY is a high speed data communications physical layer standard developed by the MIPI Alliance, PHY Working group, and targeted at the needs of mobile multimedia devices..

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M.2

M.2, formerly known as the Next Generation Form Factor (NGFF), is a specification from 2013 for internally mounted computer expansion cards and associated connectors.

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MacBook Air

The MacBook Air is a line of Macintosh subnotebook computers developed and manufactured by Apple Inc. It consists of a full-size keyboard, a machined aluminum case, and a thin light structure.

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MacBook Pro

The MacBook Pro (sometimes abbreviated as MBP) is a line of Macintosh portable computers introduced in January 2006 by Apple Inc.

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Medium access control

In IEEE 802 LAN/MAN standards, the medium access control (MAC) sublayer (also known as the media access control sublayer) and the logical link control (LLC) sublayer together make up the data link layer.

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Megabyte

The megabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.

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Memory card

A memory card, flash card or memory cartridge is an electronic flash memory data storage device used for storing digital information.

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Message Signaled Interrupts

Message Signaled Interrupts (MSI) are an alternative in-band method of signaling an interrupt, using special in-band messages to replace traditional out-of-band assertion of dedicated interrupt lines.

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Mini DisplayPort

The Mini DisplayPort (MiniDP or mDP) is a miniaturized version of the DisplayPort audio-visual digital interface.

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MIPI Alliance

MIPI Alliance is a global, open membership organization that develops interface specifications for the mobile ecosystem including mobile-influenced industries.

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Mobile PCI Express Module

A Mobile PCI Express Module (MXM) is an interconnect standard for GPUs (MXM Graphics Modules) in laptops using PCI Express created by MXM-SIG.

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Modular arithmetic

In mathematics, modular arithmetic is a system of arithmetic for integers, where numbers "wrap around" upon reaching a certain value—the modulus (plural moduli).

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Network topology

Network topology is the arrangement of the elements (links, nodes, etc.) of a communication network.

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NForce 700

The nForce 700 is a chipset series designed by Nvidia first released in December 2007.

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NUMAlink

NUMAlink is a system interconnect developed by Silicon Graphics (SGI) for use in its distributed shared memory ccNUMA computer systems.

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Nvidia

Nvidia Corporation (most commonly referred to as Nvidia, stylized as NVIDIA, or (due to their logo) nVIDIA) is an American technology company incorporated in Delaware and based in Santa Clara, California.

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Nvidia Quadro Plex

The Nvidia Quadro Plex is an external graphics processing unit (Visual Computing System) designed for large-scale 3D visualizations.

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NVM Express

NVM Express (NVMe) or Non-Volatile Memory Host Controller Interface Specification (NVMHCIS) is an open logical device interface specification for accessing non-volatile storage media attached via a PCI Express (PCIe) bus.

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Open collector

An open collector is a common type of output found on many integrated circuits (IC), which behaves like a switch that is either connected to ground or disconnected.

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Optical fiber

An optical fiber or optical fibre is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass (silica) or plastic to a diameter slightly thicker than that of a human hair.

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OSI model

The Open Systems Interconnection model (OSI model) is a conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes the communication functions of a telecommunication or computing system without regard to its underlying internal structure and technology.

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Parallel communication

In data transmission, parallel communication is a method of conveying multiple binary digits (bits) simultaneously.

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PC Card

In computing, PC Card is a configuration for computer parallel communication peripheral interface, designed for laptop computers.

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PC/104

PC/104 (or PC104) is a family of embedded computer standards which define both form factors and computer buses.

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PCI configuration space

PCI configuration space is the underlying way that the Conventional PCI, PCI-X and PCI Express perform auto configuration of the cards inserted into their bus.

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PCI Express

PCI Express (Peripheral Component Interconnect Express), officially abbreviated as PCIe or PCI-e, is a high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard, designed to replace the older PCI, PCI-X, and AGP bus standards.

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PCI Mezzanine Card

A PCI Mezzanine Card or PMC is a printed circuit board assembly manufactured to the IEEE P1386.1 standard.

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PCI-SIG

The PCI-SIG or Peripheral Component Interconnect Special Interest Group is an electronics industry consortium responsible for specifying the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI), PCI-X, and PCI Express (PCIe) computer buses.

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PCI-X

PCI-X, short for Peripheral Component Interconnect eXtended, is a computer bus and expansion card standard that enhances the 32-bit PCI local bus for higher bandwidth demanded mostly by servers and workstations.

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PCI/104-Express

The PCI/104-Express™ specification establishes a standard to use the high-speed PCI Express bus in embedded applications.

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Personal computer

A personal computer (PC) is a multi-purpose computer whose size, capabilities, and price make it feasible for individual use.

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Phase-locked loop

A phase-locked loop or phase lock loop abbreviated as PLL is a control system that generates an output signal whose phase is related to the phase of an input signal.

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Power supply unit (computer)

A power supply unit (or PSU) converts mains AC to low-voltage regulated DC power for the internal components of a computer.

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Printed circuit board

A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically connects electronic components or electrical components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from one or more sheet layers of copper laminated onto and/or between sheet layers of a non-conductive substrate.

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Pull-up resistor

In electronic logic circuits, a pull-up resistor is a resistor used to ensure a known state for a signal.

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RapidIO

The RapidIO architecture is a high-performance packet-switched, interconnect technology.

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Root complex

In a PCI Express (PCIe) system, a root complex device connects the processor and memory subsystem to the PCI Express switch fabric composed of one or more switch devices.

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Routing

Routing is the process of selecting a path for traffic in a network, or between or across multiple networks.

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Russia

Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

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SATA Express

SATA Express (abbreviated from Serial ATA Express and sometimes unofficially shortened to SATAe) is a computer bus interface that supports both Serial ATA (SATA) and PCI Express (PCIe) storage devices, initially standardized in the SATA 3.2 specification.

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Scalable Link Interface

Scalable Link Interface (SLI) is a brand name for a multi-GPU technology developed by Nvidia for linking two or more video cards together to produce a single output.

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Scrambler

In telecommunications, a scrambler is a device that transposes or inverts signals or otherwise encodes a message at the sender's side to make the message unintelligible at a receiver not equipped with an appropriately set descrambling device.

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SCSI

Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) is a set of standards for physically connecting and transferring data between computers and peripheral devices.

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Self-clocking signal

In telecommunications and electronics, a self-clocking signal is one that can be decoded without the need for a separate clock signal or other source of synchronization.

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SerDes

A Serializer/Deserializer (SerDes pronounced sir-deez or sir-dez) is a pair of functional blocks commonly used in high speed communications to compensate for limited input/output.

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Serial ATA

Serial ATA (SATA, abbreviated from Serial AT Attachment) is a computer bus interface that connects host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives, optical drives, and solid-state drives.

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Serial Attached SCSI

In computing, Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) is a point-to-point serial protocol that moves data to and from computer-storage devices such as hard drives and tape drives.

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Serial communication

In telecommunication and data transmission, serial communication is the process of sending data one bit at a time, sequentially, over a communication channel or computer bus.

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Serial Digital Video Out

Serial Digital Video Out (SDVO) is a proprietary Intel technology introduced with their 9xx-series of motherboard chipsets.

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Signal velocity

The signal velocity is the speed at which a wave carries information.

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Solid-state drive

A solid-state drive (SSD) is a solid-state storage device that uses integrated circuit assemblies as memory to store data persistently.

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Sony Vaio Z series

Sony has used the Z model naming scheme for its high-end ultraportable notebook computers since 2000.

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Special Interest Group

A Special Interest Group (SIG) is a community within a larger organization with a shared interest in advancing a specific area of knowledge, learning or technology where members cooperate to affect or to produce solutions within their particular field, and may communicate, meet, and organize conferences.

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Standby power

Standby power, also called vampire power, vampire draw, phantom load, ghost load or leaking electricity ("phantom load" and "leaking electricity" are defined technical terms with other meanings, adopted for this different purpose), refers to the way electric power is consumed by electronic and electrical appliances while they are switched off (but are designed to draw some power) or in a standby mode.

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Subscriber identity module

A subscriber identity module or subscriber identification module (SIM), widely known as a SIM card, is an integrated circuit that is intended to securely store the international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) number and its related key, which are used to identify and authenticate subscribers on mobile telephony devices (such as mobile phones and computers).

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Super Micro Computer, Inc.

Super Micro Computer, Inc (commonly referred to as Supermicro) (NASDAQ: SMCI) is an American information technology company based in San Jose, California.

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Sweden

Sweden (Sverige), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.

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Symbol (chemistry)

In relation to the chemical elements, a symbol is a code for a chemical element.

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Synopsys

Synopsys, Inc., an American company, is the leading company by sales in the Electronic Design Automation industry.

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System Management Bus

The System Management Bus (abbreviated to SMBus or SMB) is a single-ended simple two-wire bus for the purpose of lightweight communication.

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Thunderbolt (interface)

Thunderbolt is the brand name of a hardware interface standard developed by Intel (in collaboration with Apple) that allows the connection of external peripherals to a computer.

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Transfer (computing)

In computer technology, transfers per second and its more common secondary terms gigatransfers per second (abbreviated as GT/s) and megatransfers per second (MT/s) are informal language that refer to the number of operations transferring data that occur in each second in some given data-transfer channel.

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Two-way communication

Two-way communication is a form of transmission in which both parties involved transmit information.

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U.2

U.2, formerly known as SFF-8639, is a computer interface for connecting SSDs to a computer.

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UMTS

The Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) is a third generation mobile cellular system for networks based on the GSM standard.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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Universal Abit

Universal Abit (formerly ABIT Computer Corporation) was a computer components manufacturer, based in Taiwan, active since the 1980s.

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USB

USB (abbreviation of Universal Serial Bus), is an industry standard that was developed to define cables, connectors and protocols for connection, communication, and power supply between personal computers and their peripheral devices.

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USB-C

USB-C, formally known as USB Type-C, is a 24-pin USB connector system, which is distinguished by its two-fold rotational-symmetrical connector.

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Very-high-density cable interconnect

A very-high-density cable interconnect (VHDCI) is a 68-pin connector that was introduced in the SPI-3 document of SCSI-3.

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Video card

A video card (also called a display card, graphics card, display adapter or graphics adapter) is an expansion card which generates a feed of output images to a display (such as a computer monitor).

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Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi or WiFi is technology for radio wireless local area networking of devices based on the IEEE 802.11 standards.

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Wireless network interface controller

A wireless network interface controller (WNIC) is a network interface controller which connects to a wireless radio-based computer network, rather than a wired network, such as Token Ring or Ethernet.

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Word (computer architecture)

In computing, a word is the natural unit of data used by a particular processor design.

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XG Station

The ASUS XG Station is a device designed to provide external graphics processing power to laptops.

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XQD card

XQD card is a memory card format primarily developed for flash memory cards.

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10 Gigabit Ethernet

10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GE, 10GbE, or 10 GigE) is a group of computer networking technologies for transmitting Ethernet frames at a rate of 10 gigabits per second.

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64b/66b encoding

In data networking and transmission, 64b/66b is a line code that transforms 64-bit data to 66-bit line code to provide enough state changes to allow reasonable clock recovery and alignment of the data stream at the receiver.

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8b/10b encoding

In telecommunications, 8b/10b is a line code that maps 8-bit words to 10-bit symbols to achieve DC-balance and bounded disparity, and yet provide enough state changes to allow reasonable clock recovery.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PCI_Express

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