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Misl

Index Misl

Misl generally refers to the sovereign states of the Sikh Confederacy, that rose during the 18th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent after the collapse of the Mughal Empire. [1]

219 relations: Ahluwalia, Ajnala, India, Ambala, Ambala district, Amritsar, Amritsar district, Anandpur Sahib, Antoine Polier, Artillery, Baba Darbara Singh, Baba Deep Singh, Baghel Singh, Baherwal Kalan, Banda Singh Bahadur, Barnala, Batala, Bathinda, Bathinda district, Battle of Aliwal, Battle of Amritsar (1634), Battle of Anandpur (1700), Battle of Attock, Battle of Baddowal, Battle of Basoli, Battle of Bhangani, Battle of Chamkaur (1704), Battle of Chappar Chiri, Battle of Chillianwala, Battle of Ferozeshah, Battle of Gujranwala (1761), Battle of Gujrat, Battle of Gurdas Nangal, Battle of Harnaulgarh, Battle of Jalalabad (1710), Battle of Jammu, Battle of Jamrud, Battle of Kartarpur, Battle of Kup, Battle of Lahira, Battle of Lahore (1759), Battle of Lohgarh, Battle of Mudki, Battle of Muktsar, Battle of Multan, Battle of Nadaun, Battle of Nirmohgarh (1702), Battle of Peshawar (1834), Battle of Rahon (1710), Battle of Ramnagar, Battle of Rohilla, ..., Battle of Sadhaura, Battle of Samana, Battle of Shopian, Battle of Sialkot (1761), Battle of Sialkot (1763), Battle of Sirhind (1764), Battle of Sobraon, Battle of Sonepat, Bhangi Misl, Bhuma Singh Dhillon, Cavalry, Chand Kaur, Chandigarh, Chhajja Singh Dhillon, Chunian, Dallewalia Misl, Datar Kaur, Deg Tegh Fateh, Dera Baba Nanak, Dhillon, Dipalpur, Ditch (fortification), Doaba, Duleep Singh, Eminabad railway station, Ferozewala, Fortification, George Thomas (soldier), Ghuman, Gurdaspur, Gill (name), Gogera, Guerrilla warfare, Gujranwala, Gurdaspur, Gurdaspur district, Gurkha–Sikh War, Hansi, Hari Singh Dhillon, Hariana, Harvest, Heavy cavalry, Heera Singh Sandhu, Henry Thoby Prinsep, Hindu, Hisar (city), Hisar district, History of the Punjab, Hit-and-run tactics, Hoshiarpur, Hoshiarpur district, Indian subcontinent, Inheritance, Jagir, Jai Singh Kanhaiya, Jalandhar, Jalandhar district, Jassa Singh Ahluwalia, Jassa Singh Ramgarhia, Jat Mahasabha, Jat people, Jat Sikh, Jat states in Rajasthan, Jatha, Jathedar, Jech Doab, Jind, Jind Kaur, Jodh Singh Ramgarhia, Kaithal, Kalanaur, Punjab, India, Kalaske Cheema, Kalwar (caste), Kanhaiya Misl, Kapurthala, Kapurthala district, Keep, Khap, Khemkaran, Khudian, Kurukshetra district, Lahore, Land tenure, Light cavalry, Ludhiana, Ludhiana district, Mai Bhago, Majha, Malwa, Mangal Singh Ramgarhia, Maratha Empire, Matchlock, Mughal Empire, Mukerian, Nabha, Nakai Misl, Nakodar, Nanakshahi calendar, Nawab Kapur Singh, Nishanwalia Misl, Nurmahal, Okara City, Okara District, Panchkula district, Pathankot, Pathankot district, Patiala, Phagwara, Phillaur, Phulkian Misl, Phulkian sardars, Politics, Punjab, Punjabi language, Qila Didar Singh, Qila Mihan Singh, Qila Sura Singh, Rahon, Ramgarhia, Ranjit Singh, Rechna Doab, Republic, Rupnagar, Rupnagar district, Ryot, Sada Kaur, Sandhu, Sangrur, Sarbat Khalsa, Sardar, Scimitar, Second Battle of Anandpur, Shah Jahan, Shahabad Markanda, Shaheedan Misl, Shahjadpur Upazila, Shamchaurasi, Sheikhupura, Sheikhupura District, Sidhu, Siege of Gurdaspur, Siege of Multan, Sikh, Sikh Empire, Sikh gurus, Sikh holocaust of 1762, Sikh Occupation of Lahore, Sikhism, Sindh Sagar Doab, Singh Krora Misl, Singhpura, Pakistan, Singhpuria Misl, Sino-Sikh War, Sivalik Hills, Sovereign state, Spear, Sri Hargobindpur, Stockade, Sujanpur, Sukerchakia Misl, Sutlej, Talwandi, Talwandi Sabo, Tara Singh Ramgarhia, Tarkhan (Punjab), Tarn Taran district, Tarn Taran Sahib, Wagon train, Yamunanagar district, Zamindar. Expand index (169 more) »

Ahluwalia

Ahluwalia is a Sikh clan from Punjab, India.

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Ajnala, India

Ajnala is a town and a nagar panchayat in Amritsar district in the state of Punjab, India.Kalian Wala Khuh is martyrs place is a tourist destination in Ajnala.

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Ambala

Ambala, is a city and a municipal corporation in Ambala district in the state of Haryana, India, located on the border with the Indian state of Punjab and in proximity to both states capital Chandigarh.

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Ambala district

Ambala district is one of the 22 districts of Haryana state in the country of India with Ambala town serving as the administrative headquarters of the district.

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Amritsar

Amritsar, historically also known as Rāmdāspur and colloquially as Ambarsar, is a city in north-western India which is the administrative headquarters of the Amritsar district - located in the Majha region of the Indian state of Punjab.

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Amritsar district

Amritsar district is one of 22 districts located in the Majha region of the state of Punjab in North India.

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Anandpur Sahib

Anandpur Sahib, sometimes referred to simply as Anandpur (lit. "city of bliss"), is a city in Rupnagar district (Ropar), on the edge of Shivalik Hills, in the state of Punjab, India.

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Antoine Polier

Colonel Antoine-Louis Henri de Polier (1741–1795) was a Swiss adventurer, art collector, military engineer and soldier who made his fortune in India in the eighteenth century.

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Artillery

Artillery is a class of large military weapons built to fire munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry's small arms.

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Baba Darbara Singh

Baba Darbara Singh was second Jathedar of Khalsa Panth Budha Dal.

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Baba Deep Singh

Baba Deep Singh (1682–1757) is revered among Sikhs as one of the most hallowed martyrs in Sikhism and as a highly religious person.

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Baghel Singh

Baghel Singh (c. 1730 – c. 1802) was a military general in the Punjab region in the 18th century.

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Baherwal Kalan

Baherwal Kalan is a village in the Kasur District of Punjab, Pakistan.

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Banda Singh Bahadur

Banda Singh Bahadur (born Lachman Dev) (27 October 1670 – 9 June 1716, Delhi), was a Sikh military commander who established a Sikh state with capital at Lohgarh (Haryana).

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Barnala

Barnala is an Indian city in the Punjab state of India which serves as the headquarters of the Barnala district.

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Batala

Batala is the eighth largest city in the state of Punjab, India in terms of population after Ludhiana, Amritsar, Jalandhar, Patiala, Bathinda, Mohali and Hoshiarpur.

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Bathinda

Bathinda (also known as Tabar-e-Hind or Tabarhindh meaning the Gateway to India) is a city and Municipal Corporation in Southern part of Punjab, India.

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Bathinda district

Bathinda district is in Malwa region of Punjab, India.

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Battle of Aliwal

The Battle of Aliwal was fought on 28 January 1846 between the British and the Sikhs.

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Battle of Amritsar (1634)

The Battle of Amritsar was a campaign by Mukhlis Khan against Guru Hargobind and the Sikhs in 1634.

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Battle of Anandpur (1700)

The Battle of Anandpur was fought at Anandpur, between the armies of the Sikh Guru Gobind Singh and the Mughal forces aided by the Nawab of Bahawalpur state, Rajas of the Sivalik Hills.

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Battle of Attock

The Battle of Attock (also known as the Battle of Chuch or the Battle of Haidru) took place on 13 July 1813 between the Sikh Empire and the Durrani Empire.

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Battle of Baddowal

The Battle of Baddowal was an attack in 1846 by troops of the Sikh Empire on a contingent of the British East India Company near Ludhiana in the present-day state of Punjab, India.

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Battle of Basoli

The Battle of Basoli was fought between Mughal Empire and the Sikhs.

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Battle of Bhangani

The Battle of Bhangani (ਭੰਗਾਣੀ ਦਾ ਯੁੱਧ) was fought between Guru Gobind Singh's army and the combined forces of many Rajas of the Sivalik Hills (pahari rajas), on 18 September 1686, at Bhangani near Paonta Sahib.

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Battle of Chamkaur (1704)

The Battle of Chamkaur, also known as Battle of Chamkaur Sahib, was fought between the Khalsa led by Guru Gobind Singh and the Mughal forces led by Wazir Khan.

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Battle of Chappar Chiri

The Battle of Chappar Chiri was fought between Mughal Empire and the Sikhs in May,1710.

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Battle of Chillianwala

The Battle of Chillianwala was fought in January 1849 during the Second Anglo-Sikh War in the Chillianwala region of Punjab (Mandi Bahauddin), now part of modern-day Pakistan.

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Battle of Ferozeshah

The Battle of Ferozeshah was fought on 21 December and 22 December 1845 between the British and the Sikhs, at the village of Ferozeshah in Punjab.

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Battle of Gujranwala (1761)

The Battle of Gujranwala was fought between Durrani Empire and the Sikh Confederacy.

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Battle of Gujrat

The Battle of Gujrat was a decisive battle in the Second Anglo-Sikh War, fought on 21 February 1849, between the forces of the East India Company, and a Sikh army in rebellion against the Company's control of the Sikh Empire, represented by the child Maharaja Duleep Singh who was in British custody in Lahore.

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Battle of Gurdas Nangal

The Sikh leader, Banda Singh Bahadur, had taken a defensive position at Gurdas Nangal.

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Battle of Harnaulgarh

The Battle of Harnaulgarh was fought between Durrani Empire and Sikh Misls of Dal Khalsa in 1762.

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Battle of Jalalabad (1710)

The Battle of Jalalabad occurred in 1710 between the Mughal forces of Jalal Khan and the Sikh forces of Banda Singh Bahadur.

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Battle of Jammu

The Battle of Jammu was a surprise attack launched by Mughal under General Muhammad Amin Khan, the Sikhs were pursued all the way to Jammu by the Mughal forces.

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Battle of Jamrud

The Battle of Jamrud was fought between the Emirate of Afghanistan and the Sikh Empire on 30 April 1837.

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Battle of Kartarpur

The Battle of Kartarpur was a 1635 siege of Kartarpur by the Mughal Empire and was the last major battle of the Mughal-Sikh Wars of Guru Hargobind's period of Guruship.

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Battle of Kup

The Battle of Kup was fought on 5 February 1762 between the Afghan forces of Ahmad Shah Durrani and the Sikhs.

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Battle of Lahira

The Battle of Lahira was fought between Mughals and Sikhs in 1634.

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Battle of Lahore (1759)

The Battle of Lahore was fought between Durrani Empire and an alliance of Marathas and Sikhs in 1759.

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Battle of Lohgarh

After Mughal Emperor Bahadur Shah's army recaptured Sirhind from the Sikhs, the Mughal army moved towards Lohgarh, where they engaged with the Sikhs and on December 10, 1710.

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Battle of Mudki

The Battle of Mudki was fought on 18 December 1845, between the forces of the East India Company and part of the Sikh Khalsa Army, the army of the Sikh Empire of the Punjab.

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Battle of Muktsar

The Battle of Muktsar or Battle of Khidrāne Dee Dhāb took place on 8 May 1705, (21 Vaisakh 1762 Bikrami calendar) following the siege of Anandpur.

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Battle of Multan

The Battle of Multan was a battle between a Vizier of the Durrani Empire and the Sikh Empire that started in March 1818 and ended on 2 June 1818.

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Battle of Nadaun

The Battle of Nadaun was fought at Nadaun, between Raja Bhim Chand of Bilaspur (Kahlur) and the Mughals under Alif Khan.

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Battle of Nirmohgarh (1702)

The Battle of Nirmohgarh was fought between Sikhs and the Mughal Empire in 1702.

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Battle of Peshawar (1834)

The Battle of Peshawar took place on May 6, 1834 between the Sikh Empire and the Afghans who were the successors to the Durrani Empire.

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Battle of Rahon (1710)

The Battle of Rahon was fought between Sikhs and Mughal Empire on 11 October 1710.

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Battle of Ramnagar

The Battle of Ramnagar was fought on 22 November 1848 between British and Sikh forces during the Second Anglo-Sikh War.

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Battle of Rohilla

The Battle of Rohilla was a 1621 campaign by the Mughal Empire against the growing influence of the Sikhs.

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Battle of Sadhaura

The Battle of Sadhaura was fought between Sikhs and the Mughal army in Sadhaura in 1710.

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Battle of Samana

The Battle of Samana was fought between Banda Singh Bahadur and Wazir Khan in 1709.

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Battle of Shopian

The Battle of Shopian took place on 3 July 1819 between an expeditionary force from the Sikh Empire and Jabbar Khan, the governor of the Durrani Empire province of Kashmir.

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Battle of Sialkot (1761)

The Battle of Sialkot was fought between Durrani Empire and Sukerchakia Misl of Dal Khalsa in 1761.

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Battle of Sialkot (1763)

The Battle of Sialkot was fought between Durrani Empire and Sukerchakia Misl in 1763.

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Battle of Sirhind (1764)

The Battle of Sirhind was fought between Durrani Empire and Ahluwalia Misl in 1764.

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Battle of Sobraon

The Battle of Sobraon was fought on 10 February 1846, between the forces of the East India Company and the Sikh Khalsa Army, the army of the Sikh Empire of the Punjab.

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Battle of Sonepat

The Battle of Sonepat was fought between Sikhs and Mughal Empire in 1709.

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Bhangi Misl

The Bhangi Misl (ਭੰਗੀ ਮਿਸਲ (Gurmukhi), بھنگی مثل (Shahmukhi)) was a large Dhillion Jat Sikh Misl headquartered in a village near Amritsar.

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Bhuma Singh Dhillon

Bhuma Singh Dhillon (died 1746) was a royal Sikh warrior of the 18th century in Punjab and the second leader of the Bhangi Misl succeeding Sardar Chhajja Singh.

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Cavalry

Cavalry (from the French cavalerie, cf. cheval 'horse') or horsemen were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback.

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Chand Kaur

Maharani Chand Kaur (1802 – 11 June 1842) was briefly regent of the Sikh Empire.

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Chandigarh

Chandigarh is a city and a union territory in India that serves as the capital of the two neighbouring states of Haryana and Punjab.

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Chhajja Singh Dhillon

Sardar Chhajja Singh, was a Sikh warrior and leader of Jathâ succeeding Banda Singh Bahadur of the early 18th century Punjab region.

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Chunian

Chunian (چُونياں), is a historic city and the capital of Chunian Tehsil of Punjab, Pakistan.

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Dallewalia Misl

The Dallewalia Misl, was founded by Sardar Gulab Singh.

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Datar Kaur

Rani Datar Kaur (died on 20 June 1838), the daughter of Sardar Ran Singh Nakai, the third ruler of Nakai Misl of Baherwal a Sandhu Jat misl, was the 2nd wife of Maharaja Ranjit Singh.

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Deg Tegh Fateh

Deg Tegh Fateh (ਦੇਗ ਤੇਗ਼ ਫ਼ਤਿਹ, or Victory to Charity and Arms) is a Sikh slogan in the Punjabi language that signifies the dual responsibility of the Khalsa: to provide food and protection for the needy and oppressed.

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Dera Baba Nanak

Dera Baba Nanak is a city and a municipal council in Gurdaspur district in the state of Punjab, India.

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Dhillon

Dhillon is an Indian surname.

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Dipalpur

Dipalpur (دِيپالپُور), also spelt Depalpur, is a city in Okara District of the Punjab that served as headquarters of Depalpur Tehsil.

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Ditch (fortification)

A ditch in military engineering is an obstacle, designed to slow down or break up an attacking force, while a trench is intended to provide cover to the defenders.

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Doaba

Doaba also known as Bist Doab, is the region of Punjab, India that lies between the Beas River and the Sutlej River.

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Duleep Singh

Maharaja Duleep Singh, GCSI (6 September 1838 – 22 October 1893), also known as Dalip Singh and later in life nicknamed the Black Prince of Perthshire, was the last Maharaja of the Sikh Empire.

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Eminabad railway station

Eminabad railway station (Urdu and ایمن آباد ریلوے اسٹیشن) is located in Eminabad town, Gujranwala district of Punjab province, Pakistan.

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Ferozewala

Firozwala (فِيروزوالا), is a town of Shaikhupur District in the Punjab province of Pakistan.

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Fortification

A fortification is a military construction or building designed for the defense of territories in warfare; and is also used to solidify rule in a region during peacetime.

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George Thomas (soldier)

George Thomas, nicknamed Jaharai Jung and Jahazi Sahib, (c. 1756 in Roscrea, Tipperary, Ireland – 22 August 1802 in Berhampur, Bengal Presidency) was an Irish mercenary and later a Raja who was active in 18th-century India.

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Ghuman, Gurdaspur

Ghuman is a village in Gurdaspur district of Punjab, India.

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Gill (name)

Gill may be a surname or given name, derived from a number of unrelated sources;.

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Gogera

Gogera (گوگيره), is a town and union council of Okara District in the Punjab province of Pakistan.

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Guerrilla warfare

Guerrilla warfare is a form of irregular warfare in which a small group of combatants, such as paramilitary personnel, armed civilians, or irregulars, use military tactics including ambushes, sabotage, raids, petty warfare, hit-and-run tactics, and mobility to fight a larger and less-mobile traditional military.

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Gujranwala

Gujranwala (Punjabi, گوجرانوالا) is a city in Punjab, Pakistan, that is located north of the nearby provincial capital of Lahore.

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Gurdaspur

Gurdaspur is a city in the state of Punjab, situated in the northwest part of the Republic of India, between the rivers Beas and Raavi, 10 km from the international border between India and Pakistan.

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Gurdaspur district

Gurdaspur district is a district in the Majha region of the state of Punjab, situated in the northwest part of the Republic of India.

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Gurkha–Sikh War

The Gurkha-Sikh War was a small conflict between the forces of Maharaja Ranjit Singh (Sikh Empire) and the Gurkha Army in 1809.

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Hansi

Hansi (हांसी), (ہانسی), is a city, a municipal council and Hansi (Vidhan Sabha constituency) in Hisar district in the Indian state of Haryana.

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Hari Singh Dhillon

Maharaja Hari Singh Dhillon (died 1764), was a Dhillon Jat and a renowned royal Sikh warriors of the 18th century, who succeeded the Bhangi Misl from Bhuma Singh Dhillon.

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Hariana

Hariana is a city and a municipal council in Hoshiarpur district in the Indian state of Punjab.

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Harvest

Harvesting is the process of gathering a ripe crop from the fields.

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Heavy cavalry

Heavy cavalry is a class of cavalry whose primary role was to engage in direct combat with enemy forces, and are heavily armed and armoured compared to light cavalry.

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Heera Singh Sandhu

Sardar Heera Singh Sandhu (1706-1776) was the founder of Nakai Misl, one of the twelve Sikh Misls that later became the Sikh Empire under the leadership of Ranjit Singh.

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Henry Thoby Prinsep

Henry Thoby Prinsep (1792–1878) was an English official of the Indian Civil Service, and historian of India.

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Hindu

Hindu refers to any person who regards themselves as culturally, ethnically, or religiously adhering to aspects of Hinduism.

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Hisar (city)

Hisar is the administrative headquarters of Hisar district of Hisar division in the state of Haryana in northwestern India.

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Hisar district

Hisar district (ضِلع حِصار), is one of the 22 districts of Haryana state, India.

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History of the Punjab

The History of the Punjab concerns the history of the Punjab region the Northern area of the Indian Subcontinent that straddles the modern day countries of India and Pakistan.

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Hit-and-run tactics

Hit-and-run tactics is a tactical doctrine where the purpose of the combat involved is not to seize control of territory, but to inflict damage on a target and immediately exit the area to avoid the enemy's defense and/or retaliation.

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Hoshiarpur

Hoshiarpur is a city and a municipal corporation in Hoshiarpur district in the Doaba region of the Indian state of Punjab.

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Hoshiarpur district

Hoshiarpur District is a district of Punjab state in northern India.

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Indian subcontinent

The Indian subcontinent is a southern region and peninsula of Asia, mostly situated on the Indian Plate and projecting southwards into the Indian Ocean from the Himalayas.

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Inheritance

Inheritance is the practice of passing on property, titles, debts, rights, and obligations upon the death of an individual.

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Jagir

A jagir (IAST: Jāgīr), also spelled as jageer, was a type of feudal land grant in South Asia at the foundation of its Jagirdar system.

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Jai Singh Kanhaiya

Jai Singh Kanhaiya (1712–1793) was the founder and leader of the Kanhaiya Misl until his death.

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Jalandhar

Jalandhar, formerly known as Jullundur in British India, is a city in the Doaba region of the northwestern Indian state of Punjab.

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Jalandhar district

Jalandhar district (Jalandhar Zilā) is a district in Doaba region of the state of Punjab in North-West Republic of India.

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Jassa Singh Ahluwalia

Jassa Singh Ahluwalia (1 May 1718 – 1783) was a prominent Sikh leader during the period of the Sikh Confederacy.

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Jassa Singh Ramgarhia

Jassa Singh Ramgarhia (1723–1803) was a prominent Sikh leader during the period of the Sikh Confederacy.

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Jat Mahasabha

Jat Mahasabha (जाट महासभा) or All India Jat Mahasabha (अखिल भारतीय जाट महासभा) is an organization of Jats in India.

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Jat people

The Jat people (also spelled Jatt and Jaat) are a traditionally agricultural community in Northern India and Pakistan.

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Jat Sikh

Jat Sikh is a sub-group of the Jat people and the Sikh community, from the Indian subcontinent.

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Jat states in Rajasthan

Jat people established themselves in the Indian desert of the present-day state of Rajasthan, India, many centuries ago, although exactly when is unknown.jaats are about 5 percent in rajasthan.

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Jatha

A Jatha is an armed body of Sikhs.

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Jathedar

Jathedar (ਜਥੇਦਾਰ.), refers to a leader of a Jatha (a group, a community or a nation).

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Jech Doab

The Jech Doab, can be classified as one of the main region of Punjab.

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Jind

Jind is a city in the Indian state of Haryana.

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Jind Kaur

Maharani Jind Kaur (Punjabi: ਮਹਾਰਾਣੀ ਜਿੰਦ ਕੌਰ; 1817 – 1 August 1863) was regent of the Sikh Empire from 1843 until 1846.

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Jodh Singh Ramgarhia

Jodh Singh Ramgarhia (1758 – 23 August 1815) was a prominent Sikh leader in the Punjab, the son of Jassa Singh Ramgarhia who inherited Jassa's position on his death in 1803.

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Kaithal

Kaithal is a city and a municipal council in Kaithal district in the Indian state of Haryana.

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Kalanaur, Punjab, India

Kalanaur is a City in Kalanaur Tehsil in Gurdaspur District of Punjab State, India.

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Kalaske Cheema

Kalaske is a city situated in Teh Wazirabadon on the Alipur Chatha road about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) west of the Gujranwala City, Punjab, Pakistan and about 90 kilometres (56 mi) NW of the provincial capital Lahore.

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Kalwar (caste)

The Kalwar, (or Kalal, Kalar) are an Indian caste historically found in Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Punjab and other parts of North and Central India.

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Kanhaiya Misl

The Kanhaiya Misl was founded by the Sandhu Jats, it was first led by Sardar Jai Singh Kanhaiya.

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Kapurthala

Kapurthala is a city in Punjab state of India.

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Kapurthala district

Kapurthala district is a district of Punjab state in northern Republic of India.

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Keep

A keep (from the Middle English kype) is a type of fortified tower built within castles during the Middle Ages by European nobility.

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Khap

A Khap is a community organisation representing a clan or a group of related clans.

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Khemkaran

Khem Karan is a town and a nagar panchayat in Tarn Taran district of Patti tehsil of the Majha region of Indian state of Punjab.

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Khudian

Khudian Khas (کھڈیاں), is a large town and Union Council of Kasur District in the Punjab province of Pakistan.

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Kurukshetra district

Kurukshetra district is one of the 22 districts of Haryana state in northern India.

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Lahore

Lahore (لاہور, لہور) is the capital city of the Pakistani province of Punjab, and is the country’s second-most populous city after Karachi.

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Land tenure

In common law systems, land tenure is the legal regime in which land is owned by an individual, who is said to "hold" the land.

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Light cavalry

Light cavalry comprises lightly armed and lightly armoured troops mounted on horses, as opposed to heavy cavalry, where the riders (and sometimes the horses) are heavily armored.

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Ludhiana

Ludhiana is a city and a municipal corporation in Ludhiana district in the Indian state of Punjab, and India's largest city north of Delhi, with an area of 310sq.

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Ludhiana district

Ludhiana District is one of the 22 districts in the state of Punjab in northwest India.

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Mai Bhago

Mai Bhago (Punjabi: ਮਾਈ ਭਾਗੋ) also known as Mai Bhag Kaur was a Sikh woman who led Sikh soldiers against the Mughals in 1705.

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Majha

The Majha (Punjabi: ਮਾਝਾ (Gurmukhi), (Shahmukhi); Mājhā) region is recognized as the region that is located at the center of the historical Punjab region, that is northward from the right banks of river Beas, and extends up to river Jhelum at its northmost.

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Malwa

Malwa is a historical region of west-central India occupying a plateau of volcanic origin.

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Mangal Singh Ramgarhia

Mangal Singh Ramgarhia CSI (1800–1879) was a prominent Sikh leader, a Sardar, who participated in the first and second Anglo-Sikh wars.

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Maratha Empire

The Maratha Empire or the Maratha Confederacy was an Indian power that dominated much of the Indian subcontinent in the 17th and 18th century.

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Matchlock

The matchlock was the first mechanism invented to facilitate the firing of a hand-held firearm.

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Mughal Empire

The Mughal Empire (گورکانیان, Gūrkāniyān)) or Mogul Empire was an empire in the Indian subcontinent, founded in 1526. It was established and ruled by a Muslim dynasty with Turco-Mongol Chagatai roots from Central Asia, but with significant Indian Rajput and Persian ancestry through marriage alliances; only the first two Mughal emperors were fully Central Asian, while successive emperors were of predominantly Rajput and Persian ancestry. The dynasty was Indo-Persian in culture, combining Persianate culture with local Indian cultural influences visible in its traits and customs. The Mughal Empire at its peak extended over nearly all of the Indian subcontinent and parts of Afghanistan. It was the second largest empire to have existed in the Indian subcontinent, spanning approximately four million square kilometres at its zenith, after only the Maurya Empire, which spanned approximately five million square kilometres. The Mughal Empire ushered in a period of proto-industrialization, and around the 17th century, Mughal India became the world's largest economic power, accounting for 24.4% of world GDP, and the world leader in manufacturing, producing 25% of global industrial output up until the 18th century. The Mughal Empire is considered "India's last golden age" and one of the three Islamic Gunpowder Empires (along with the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia). The beginning of the empire is conventionally dated to the victory by its founder Babur over Ibrahim Lodi, the last ruler of the Delhi Sultanate, in the First Battle of Panipat (1526). The Mughal emperors had roots in the Turco-Mongol Timurid dynasty of Central Asia, claiming direct descent from both Genghis Khan (founder of the Mongol Empire, through his son Chagatai Khan) and Timur (Turco-Mongol conqueror who founded the Timurid Empire). During the reign of Humayun, the successor of Babur, the empire was briefly interrupted by the Sur Empire. The "classic period" of the Mughal Empire started in 1556 with the ascension of Akbar the Great to the throne. Under the rule of Akbar and his son Jahangir, the region enjoyed economic progress as well as religious harmony, and the monarchs were interested in local religious and cultural traditions. Akbar was a successful warrior who also forged alliances with several Hindu Rajput kingdoms. Some Rajput kingdoms continued to pose a significant threat to the Mughal dominance of northwestern India, but most of them were subdued by Akbar. All Mughal emperors were Muslims; Akbar, however, propounded a syncretic religion in the latter part of his life called Dīn-i Ilāhī, as recorded in historical books like Ain-i-Akbari and Dabistān-i Mazāhib. The Mughal Empire did not try to intervene in the local societies during most of its existence, but rather balanced and pacified them through new administrative practices and diverse and inclusive ruling elites, leading to more systematic, centralised, and uniform rule. Traditional and newly coherent social groups in northern and western India, such as the Maratha Empire|Marathas, the Rajputs, the Pashtuns, the Hindu Jats and the Sikhs, gained military and governing ambitions during Mughal rule, which, through collaboration or adversity, gave them both recognition and military experience. The reign of Shah Jahan, the fifth emperor, between 1628 and 1658, was the zenith of Mughal architecture. He erected several large monuments, the best known of which is the Taj Mahal at Agra, as well as the Moti Masjid, Agra, the Red Fort, the Badshahi Mosque, the Jama Masjid, Delhi, and the Lahore Fort. The Mughal Empire reached the zenith of its territorial expanse during the reign of Aurangzeb and also started its terminal decline in his reign due to Maratha military resurgence under Category:History of Bengal Category:History of West Bengal Category:History of Bangladesh Category:History of Kolkata Category:Empires and kingdoms of Afghanistan Category:Medieval India Category:Historical Turkic states Category:Mongol states Category:1526 establishments in the Mughal Empire Category:1857 disestablishments in the Mughal Empire Category:History of Pakistan.

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Mukerian

Mukerian is a city and municipal council of Hoshiarpur district in Punjab.

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Nabha

Nabha is a historic city and municipal council in the Patiala district to the south-west of the Indian state of Punjab.

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Nakai Misl

The Nakai Misl (ਨਕਈ ਮਿਸਲ (Gurmukhi), (Shahmukhi)), founded by Sandhu Jats, was one of the twelve Sikh Misls that later became the Sikh Empire.

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Nakodar

Nakodar (pronounced Nuh-Koh-Durh; ਨਕੋਦਰ) is a town and a municipal council in Jalandhar district in the Indian state of Punjab.

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Nanakshahi calendar

The Nanakshahi (ਨਾਨਕਸ਼ਾਹੀ) calendar is a tropical solar calendar which is used in Sikhism and is based on the 'Barah Maha' (ਬਾਰਹ ਮਾਹਾ).

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Nawab Kapur Singh

Nawab Kapur Singh (1697–1753) is considered one of the major figures in Sikh history, under whose leadership the Sikh community traversed one of the darkest periods of its history.

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Nishanwalia Misl

The Nishanvali/Nishanvala Misl was founded by the sardar jai singh ji and its founder was jai singh ji.

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Nurmahal

NurMahal or Noor Mahal (Punjabi: ਨੂਰਮਹਿਲ) is a city and a municipal council in Jalandhar district in the State of Punjab.

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Okara City

Okara (Punjabi, اوکاڑا), is the capital city of Okara District in the Punjab province of Pakistan.

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Okara District

Okara District (Punjabi and ضِلع اوكاڑا), is a district of Sahiwal Division in Punjab, Pakistan.

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Panchkula district

Panchkula district was formed as the 17th district of Haryana state in India on 15August 1995.

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Pathankot

Pathankot is a city in the Punjab state of India.

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Pathankot district

Pathankot district, is a district of Indian Punjab, located in the north zone of the state.

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Patiala

Patiala is a city in southeastern Punjab, northwestern India.

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Phagwara

This article is about the city in Punjab Phagwara is a city and it recently became municipal corporation in Kapurthala district in the central part of Punjab - located in the Doaba region of the Indian state of Punjab.

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Phillaur

Phillaur is a town and a municipal council as well as a tehsil in Jalandhar district in the Indian state of Punjab.

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Phulkian Misl

Phulkian Misl is a Sikh misl of named after Phul Singh.

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Phulkian sardars

The Phulkian (or Phoolkian) sardars (local leaders) were Sikh rulers and aristocrats in the Punjab region of India.

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Politics

Politics (from Politiká, meaning "affairs of the cities") is the process of making decisions that apply to members of a group.

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Punjab

The Punjab, also spelled Panjab (land of "five rivers"; Punjabi: پنجاب (Shahmukhi); ਪੰਜਾਬ (Gurumukhi); Πενταποταμία, Pentapotamia) is a geographical and cultural region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of eastern Pakistan and northern India.

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Punjabi language

Punjabi (Gurmukhi: ਪੰਜਾਬੀ; Shahmukhi: پنجابی) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by over 100 million native speakers worldwide, ranking as the 10th most widely spoken language (2015) in the world.

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Qila Didar Singh

Qila Dedar Singh (قلعہ دِيدار سِنگھ), is a town of Gujranwala District, Punjab, Pakistan.

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Qila Mihan Singh

Qila Mihan Singh, is a town of Gujranwala District in the Punjab province of Pakistan.

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Qila Sura Singh

Qila Sura Singh is a village in the Punjab province of Pakistan.

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Rahon

Rahon is a city and a municipal council in the Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar district of the Indian state of Punjab.

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Ramgarhia

The Ramgarhia are a community of Sikhs from the Punjab region of northwestern India, encompassing members of the Lohar and Tarkhan subgroups.

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Ranjit Singh

Maharaja Ranjit Singh (1780 –1839) was the leader of the Sikh Empire, which ruled the northwest Indian subcontinent in the early half of the 19th century.

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Rechna Doab

The Rechna Doab, or Rachna Doab (in Pakistan), can be classified as one of the main regions of Punjab.

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Republic

A republic (res publica) is a form of government in which the country is considered a "public matter", not the private concern or property of the rulers.

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Rupnagar

Rupnagar (formerly known as Ropar or Rupar), is a city and a municipal council in Rupnagar district in the Indian state of Punjab.

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Rupnagar district

Rupnagar district is one of the twenty two districts in the state of Punjab in North-West Republic of India.

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Ryot

Ryot (alternatives: raiyat, rait or ravat) was a general economic term used throughout India for peasant cultivators but with variations in different provinces.

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Sada Kaur

Sada Kaur (Punjabi: ਸਦਾ ਕੌਰ; 1762 – 1832) was the chief of the Kanhaiya Misl from 1789 to 1821.

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Sandhu

Sandhu is a Jat clan in the Punjab Region of India and Pakistan.

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Sangrur

Sangrur is a town in the Indian state of Punjab, India.

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Sarbat Khalsa

Sarbat Khalsa from sarbat, a Punjabi word meaning all or everything, was a biannual deliberative assembly (on the same lines as a Parliament in a Direct Democracy) of the entire Khalsa held at Amritsar in Panjab during the 18th century.

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Sardar

Sardar (سردار,; "Commander" literally; "Headmaster"), also spelled as Sirdar, Sardaar, Shordar or Serdar, is a title of nobility that was originally used to denote princes, noblemen, and other aristocrats.

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Scimitar

A scimitar is a backsword or sabre with a curved blade, originating in the Middle East.

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Second Battle of Anandpur

The Second Battle of Anandpur was fought at Anandpur, between Sikhs and an allied force of the Rajas of the Sivalik Hills.

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Shah Jahan

Mirza Shahab-ud-din Baig Muhammad Khan Khurram (5 January 1592 – 22 January 1666), better known by his regnal name Shah Jahan (شاہ جہاں), (Persian:شاه جهان "King of the World"), was the fifth Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1628 to 1658.

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Shahabad Markanda

Shahabad Markanda (Hindi: शाहाबाद मारकंडा Urdu: شاہآباد مارکنڈا) is a town and a Municipal Committee in Kurukshetra district in the Indian state of Haryana.

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Shaheedan Misl

The Shaheedan Misl was one of twelve Sikh Misls that later became the Sikh Empire.It was a Sandhu Jat sikh Misl.

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Shahjadpur Upazila

Shahzadpur or Shahjadpur (শাহজাদপুর) is an Upazila of Sirajganj District in the Division of Rajshahi, Bangladesh.

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Shamchaurasi

Shamchaurasi is a city and a municipal council in Hoshiarpur district in the Indian state of Punjab.

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Sheikhupura

Shekhupura (شیخُوپُورہ, شیخُوپُور) is a city the Pakistani province of Punjab.

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Sheikhupura District

Shekhupura (ضِلع شيخُوپُورہ) (ضِلع شيخُوپُور), is a district of Punjab province, Pakistan.

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Sidhu

The Sidhu are a Jatt Sikh clan descended from Bhati Rawal Jaisal, King of Jaisalmer.

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Siege of Gurdaspur

The Siege of Gurdaspur of 1715 was a major campaign of the new Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar in present-day India.

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Siege of Multan

The Siege of Multan was a prolonged contest between the city and state of Multan and the British East India Company.

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Sikh

A Sikh (ਸਿੱਖ) is a person associated with Sikhism, a monotheistic religion that originated in the 15th century based on the revelation of Guru Nanak.

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Sikh Empire

The Sikh Empire (also Sikh Khalsa Raj, Sarkar-i-Khalsa or Pañjab (Punjab) Empire) was a major power in the Indian subcontinent, formed under the leadership of Maharaja Ranjit Singh, who established a secular empire based in the Punjab.

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Sikh gurus

The Sikh gurus established Sikhism over the centuries, beginning in the year 1469.

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Sikh holocaust of 1762

Sikh holocaust of 1762 or The Vadda Ghallūghārā (ਵੱਡਾ ਘੱਲੂਘਾਰਾ (the Great Massacre)) was the mass-murder of the Sikhs by the Afghan forces of the Durrani Empire during the years of Afghan influence in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent owing to the repeated incursions of Ahmad Shah Durrani in February 1762.

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Sikh Occupation of Lahore

In the year, 1761 the Sikhs besieged Lahore and after facing no opposition of Durrani forces Sikhs captured Lahore.

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Sikhism

Sikhism (ਸਿੱਖੀ), or Sikhi,, from Sikh, meaning a "disciple", or a "learner"), is a monotheistic religion that originated in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent about the end of the 15th century. It is one of the youngest of the major world religions, and the fifth-largest. The fundamental beliefs of Sikhism, articulated in the sacred scripture Guru Granth Sahib, include faith and meditation on the name of the one creator, divine unity and equality of all humankind, engaging in selfless service, striving for social justice for the benefit and prosperity of all, and honest conduct and livelihood while living a householder's life. In the early 21st century there were nearly 25 million Sikhs worldwide, the great majority of them (20 million) living in Punjab, the Sikh homeland in northwest India, and about 2 million living in neighboring Indian states, formerly part of the Punjab. Sikhism is based on the spiritual teachings of Guru Nanak, the first Guru (1469–1539), and the nine Sikh gurus that succeeded him. The Tenth Guru, Guru Gobind Singh, named the Sikh scripture Guru Granth Sahib as his successor, terminating the line of human Gurus and making the scripture the eternal, religious spiritual guide for Sikhs.Louis Fenech and WH McLeod (2014),, 3rd Edition, Rowman & Littlefield,, pages 17, 84-85William James (2011), God's Plenty: Religious Diversity in Kingston, McGill Queens University Press,, pages 241–242 Sikhism rejects claims that any particular religious tradition has a monopoly on Absolute Truth. The Sikh scripture opens with Ik Onkar (ੴ), its Mul Mantar and fundamental prayer about One Supreme Being (God). Sikhism emphasizes simran (meditation on the words of the Guru Granth Sahib), that can be expressed musically through kirtan or internally through Nam Japo (repeat God's name) as a means to feel God's presence. It teaches followers to transform the "Five Thieves" (lust, rage, greed, attachment, and ego). Hand in hand, secular life is considered to be intertwined with the spiritual life., page.

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Sindh Sagar Doab

The Sindh Sagar Doab (سندھ ساگر دوآب) is the tract of land in Pakistan lying between the Indus River and the Jhelum River It is one of the five major doabs of the Punjab and forms the north western portion of the Punjab plain.

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Singh Krora Misl

The Singh Krora Misl, alternatively as the Panjgarhia Misl, was founded, first led by Sardar Karora Singh.

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Singhpura, Pakistan

Singhpura is a town in the Punjab, Pakistan named after the Singhpura Misl.

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Singhpuria Misl

Singhpuria Misl was founderd by Chaudhary Nawab Kapur Singh, a Virk Jat.

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Sino-Sikh War

The Sino-Sikh War (also referred to as the Invasion of Tibet or the Dogra War) was fought from May 1841 to August 1842, between the forces of Qing China and the Sikh Empire after General Zorawar Singh Kahluria invaded western Tibet.

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Sivalik Hills

The Sivalik Hills is a mountain range of the outer Himalayas.

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Sovereign state

A sovereign state is, in international law, a nonphysical juridical entity that is represented by one centralized government that has sovereignty over a geographic area.

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Spear

A spear is a pole weapon consisting of a shaft, usually of wood, with a pointed head.

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Sri Hargobindpur

Sri Hargobindpur is a town and a municipal council in Gurdaspur district in the Indian state of Punjab.

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Stockade

A stockade is an enclosure of palisades and tall walls made of logs placed side by side vertically with the tops sharpened as a defensive wall.

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Sujanpur

Sujanpur is a City (शहर) and a municipal council in the Indian State of Punjab.

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Sukerchakia Misl

The Sukerchakia Misl was one of 12 Sikh Misls in Punjab during the 18th century concentrated in Gujranwala and Hafizabad district in Western Punjab (in modern-Pakistan) and ruled from (1752-1801).It was a Sandhawalia Jat sikh Misl.

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Sutlej

The Sutlej River (alternatively spelled as Satluj River) (सतलुज, ਸਤਲੁਜ, शतद्रुम (shatadrum), is the longest of the five rivers that flow through the historic crossroads region of Punjab in northern India and Pakistan. The Sutlej River is also known as Satadree. It is the easternmost tributary of the Indus River. The waters of the Sutlej are allocated to India under the Indus Waters Treaty between India and Pakistan, and are mostly diverted to irrigation canals in India. There are several major hydroelectric projects on the Sutlej, including the 1,000 MW Bhakra Dam, the 1,000 MW Karcham Wangtoo Hydroelectric Plant, and the 1,530 MW Nathpa Jhakri Dam. The river basin area in India is located in Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Jammu and Kashmir, Rajasthan and Haryana states.

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Talwandi

Talvandi or Talwandi (تلونڈى), is a town and Union Council of Kasur District in the Punjab province of Pakistan.

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Talwandi Sabo

Talwandi Sabo is a town and Municipal Council in Bathinda district, Punjab, India.

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Tara Singh Ramgarhia

Tara Singh Ramgarhia was a prominent Sikh leader, a Sardar, brother of the famous Jassa Singh Ramgarhia (1723–1803).

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Tarkhan (Punjab)

No description.

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Tarn Taran district

Tarn Taran district is one of the districts in the Majha region of Punjab in North-West Republic of India.

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Tarn Taran Sahib

Tarn Taran Sahib is a town in the Majha region of the state of Punjab, in northern India.

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Wagon train

A wagon train is a group of wagons traveling together.

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Yamunanagar district

Yamunanagar district is one of the 22 districts of the Indian state of Haryana.

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Zamindar

A zamindar in the Indian subcontinent was an aristocrat.

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Jathas, Misls, Sikh Confederacy, Sikh Misls, Sikh misl, Sikh misls.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misl

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