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47 relations: 'Ndrangheta, American Civil War, American Mafia, Apulia, Arabic, Banda della Magliana, Black market, Calabria, Camorra, Campania, Capetian House of Anjou, Diego Gambetta, Emirate of Sicily, Fraud, Gaetano Mosca, Gambling, Giovanni Falcone, Giuseppe Garibaldi, Illegal drug trade, Italian Americans, Italian unification, Lazio, Leopoldo Franchetti, List of criminal enterprises, gangs and syndicates, Loan shark, Mala del Brenta, Marsala, Misha Glenny, Omertà, Organized crime, Organized crime in Italy, Palermo, Pizzo (mafia), Protection racket, Redshirts (Italy), Russian mafia, Sacra Corona Unita, Saracen, Sex trafficking, Sicilian language, Sicilian Mafia, Sicilian Vespers, Sicily, Stidda, Thief in law, Veneto, Yakuza.
'Ndrangheta
The 'Ndràngheta is an organized crime group centered in Calabria, Italy.
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American Civil War
The American Civil War (also known by other names) was a war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865.
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American Mafia
The American Mafia (commonly referred to as the Mafia or the Mob, though "the Mob" can refer to other organized crime groups) or Italian-American Mafia, is the highly organized Italian-American criminal society.
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Apulia
Apulia (Puglia; Pùglia; Pulia; translit) is a region of Italy in Southern Italy bordering the Adriatic Sea to the east, the Ionian Sea to the southeast, and the Strait of Òtranto and Gulf of Taranto to the south.
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Arabic
Arabic (العَرَبِيَّة) or (عَرَبِيّ) or) is a Central Semitic language that first emerged in Iron Age northwestern Arabia and is now the lingua franca of the Arab world. It is named after the Arabs, a term initially used to describe peoples living from Mesopotamia in the east to the Anti-Lebanon mountains in the west, in northwestern Arabia, and in the Sinai peninsula. Arabic is classified as a macrolanguage comprising 30 modern varieties, including its standard form, Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic. As the modern written language, Modern Standard Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities, and is used to varying degrees in workplaces, government, and the media. The two formal varieties are grouped together as Literary Arabic (fuṣḥā), which is the official language of 26 states and the liturgical language of Islam. Modern Standard Arabic largely follows the grammatical standards of Classical Arabic and uses much of the same vocabulary. However, it has discarded some grammatical constructions and vocabulary that no longer have any counterpart in the spoken varieties, and has adopted certain new constructions and vocabulary from the spoken varieties. Much of the new vocabulary is used to denote concepts that have arisen in the post-classical era, especially in modern times. During the Middle Ages, Literary Arabic was a major vehicle of culture in Europe, especially in science, mathematics and philosophy. As a result, many European languages have also borrowed many words from it. Arabic influence, mainly in vocabulary, is seen in European languages, mainly Spanish and to a lesser extent Portuguese, Valencian and Catalan, owing to both the proximity of Christian European and Muslim Arab civilizations and 800 years of Arabic culture and language in the Iberian Peninsula, referred to in Arabic as al-Andalus. Sicilian has about 500 Arabic words as result of Sicily being progressively conquered by Arabs from North Africa, from the mid 9th to mid 10th centuries. Many of these words relate to agriculture and related activities (Hull and Ruffino). Balkan languages, including Greek and Bulgarian, have also acquired a significant number of Arabic words through contact with Ottoman Turkish. Arabic has influenced many languages around the globe throughout its history. Some of the most influenced languages are Persian, Turkish, Spanish, Urdu, Kashmiri, Kurdish, Bosnian, Kazakh, Bengali, Hindi, Malay, Maldivian, Indonesian, Pashto, Punjabi, Tagalog, Sindhi, and Hausa, and some languages in parts of Africa. Conversely, Arabic has borrowed words from other languages, including Greek and Persian in medieval times, and contemporary European languages such as English and French in modern times. Classical Arabic is the liturgical language of 1.8 billion Muslims and Modern Standard Arabic is one of six official languages of the United Nations. All varieties of Arabic combined are spoken by perhaps as many as 422 million speakers (native and non-native) in the Arab world, making it the fifth most spoken language in the world. Arabic is written with the Arabic alphabet, which is an abjad script and is written from right to left, although the spoken varieties are sometimes written in ASCII Latin from left to right with no standardized orthography.
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Banda della Magliana
The Banda della Magliana (Magliana Gang) is an Italian criminal organization based in Rome founded in 1975.
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Black market
A black market, underground economy, or shadow economy is a clandestine market or transaction that has some aspect of illegality or is characterized by some form of noncompliant behavior with an institutional set of rules.
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Calabria
Calabria (Calàbbria in Calabrian; Calavría in Calabrian Greek; Καλαβρία in Greek; Kalavrì in Arbëresh/Albanian), known in antiquity as Bruttium, is a region in Southern Italy.
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Camorra
The Camorra is an Italian Mafia-type, by Umberto Santino, in: Albanese, Das & Verma, Organized Crime.
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Campania
Campania is a region in Southern Italy.
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Capetian House of Anjou
The Capetian House of Anjou was a royal house and cadet branch of the direct French House of Capet, part of the Capetian dynasty.
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Diego Gambetta
Diego Gambetta (born 1952 in Turin, Italy) is an Italian born social scientist.
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Emirate of Sicily
The Emirate of Sicily (إِمَارَةُ صِقِلِّيَة) was an emirate on the island of Sicily which existed from 831 to 1091.
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Fraud
In law, fraud is deliberate deception to secure unfair or unlawful gain, or to deprive a victim of a legal right.
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Gaetano Mosca
Gaetano Mosca (1 April 1858 – 8 November 1941) was an Italian political scientist, journalist and public servant.
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Gambling
Gambling is the wagering of money or something of value (referred to as "the stakes") on an event with an uncertain outcome with the primary intent of winning money or material goods.
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Giovanni Falcone
Giovanni Falcone (18 May 1939 – 23 May 1992) was an Italian judge and prosecuting magistrate.
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Giuseppe Garibaldi
Giuseppe Garibaldi; 4 July 1807 – 2 June 1882) was an Italian general, politician and nationalist. He is considered one of the greatest generals of modern times and one of Italy's "fathers of the fatherland" along with Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, Victor Emmanuel II of Italy and Giuseppe Mazzini. Garibaldi has been called the "Hero of the Two Worlds" because of his military enterprises in Brazil, Uruguay and Europe. He personally commanded and fought in many military campaigns that led eventually to the Italian unification. Garibaldi was appointed general by the provisional government of Milan in 1848, General of the Roman Republic in 1849 by the Minister of War, and led the Expedition of the Thousand on behalf and with the consent of Victor Emmanuel II. His last military campaign took place during the Franco-Prussian War as commander of the Army of the Vosges. Garibaldi was very popular in Italy and abroad, aided by exceptional international media coverage at the time. Many of the greatest intellectuals of his time, such as Victor Hugo, Alexandre Dumas, and George Sand, showered him with admiration. The United Kingdom and the United States helped him a great deal, offering him financial and military support in difficult circumstances. In the popular telling of his story, he is associated with the red shirts worn by his volunteers, the Garibaldini, in lieu of a uniform.
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Illegal drug trade
The illegal drug trade or drug trafficking is a global black market dedicated to the cultivation, manufacture, distribution and sale of drugs that are subject to drug prohibition laws.
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Italian Americans
Italian Americans (italoamericani or italo-americani) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans who have ancestry from Italy.
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Italian unification
Italian unification (Unità d'Italia), or the Risorgimento (meaning "the Resurgence" or "revival"), was the political and social movement that consolidated different states of the Italian peninsula into the single state of the Kingdom of Italy in the 19th century.
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Lazio
Lazio (Latium) is one of the 20 administrative regions of Italy.
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Leopoldo Franchetti
Leopoldo Franchetti (Livorno, May 31, 1847 – Rome, November 4, 1917), was an Italian publicist and politician.
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List of criminal enterprises, gangs and syndicates
This is a listing of enterprises, gangs, and syndicates that are involved in organized crime.
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Loan shark
A loan shark is a person or body who offers loans at extremely high interest rates usually without holding relevant authorization from the local financial regulator (illegally).
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Mala del Brenta
The Mala del Brenta, also known as Mafia veneta (Venetian mafia) or Mafia del Piovese, is an organized crime group based in the Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia, north-eastern Italy.
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Marsala
Marsala (Maissala; Lilybaeum) is an Italian town located in the Province of Trapani in the westernmost part of Sicily.
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Misha Glenny
Misha Glenny (born 25 April 1958) is a multilingual British journalist, specialising in southeast Europe, global organised crime, and cybersecurity.
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Omertà
Omertà is a code of honor that places importance on silence, non-cooperation with authorities, and non-interference in the illegal actions of others.
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Organized crime
Organized crime is a category of transnational, national, or local groupings of highly centralized enterprises run by criminals who intend to engage in illegal activity, most commonly for money and profit.
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Organized crime in Italy
Organized crime in Italy and its criminal organizations have been prevalent in Italy, especially Southern Italy, for centuries and have affected the social and economic life of many Italian regions since at least the 19th century.
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Palermo
Palermo (Sicilian: Palermu, Panormus, from Πάνορμος, Panormos) is a city of Southern Italy, the capital of both the autonomous region of Sicily and the Metropolitan City of Palermo.
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Pizzo (mafia)
The pizzo is protection money paid to the Mafia often in the form of a forced transfer of money, resulting in extortion.
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Protection racket
A protection racket is a scheme whereby a group provides protection to businesses or other groups through violence outside the sanction of the law—in other words, a racket that sells security, traditionally physical security but now also computer security.
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Redshirts (Italy)
Redshirts or Red coats is the name given to the volunteers who followed Giuseppe Garibaldi in southern Italy during his expedition of the Thousand to southern Italy, but sometimes extended to other campaigns of his.
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Russian mafia
Russian organized crime or Russian mafia, sometimes referred to as Bratva ("brotherhood"), is a collective of various organized crime elements originating in the former Soviet Union.
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Sacra Corona Unita
Sacra Corona Unita (SCU, Italian for "United Sacred Crown") is a Mafia-type criminal organization from the Apulia region in Southern Italy, and is especially active in the areas of Brindisi, Lecce and Taranto.
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Saracen
Saracen was a term widely used among Christian writers in Europe during the Middle Ages.
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Sex trafficking
Sex trafficking is human trafficking for the purpose of sexual exploitation, including sexual slavery.
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Sicilian language
Sicilian (sicilianu; in Italian: Siciliano; also known as Siculo (siculu) or Calabro-Sicilian) is a Romance language spoken on the island of Sicily and its satellite islands.
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Sicilian Mafia
The Sicilian Mafia, also known as simply the Mafia and frequently referred to by members as Cosa Nostra (this thing of ours), is a criminal syndicate in Sicily, Italy.
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Sicilian Vespers
The Sicilian Vespers (Vespri siciliani; Vespiri siciliani) is the name given to the successful rebellion on the island of Sicily that broke out at Easter, 1282 against the rule of the French-born king Charles I, who had ruled the Kingdom of Sicily since 1266.
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Sicily
Sicily (Sicilia; Sicìlia) is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.
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Stidda
The Stidda ("star" in Sicilian) is a name for Mafia-type criminal organizations centered in the central-southern part of Sicily in Italy.
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Thief in law
A thief in law (r; Estonian: seaduslik varas; злодій у законі, zlodiy u zakoni; злодзей у законе, zlodzey u zakone; კანონიერი ქურდი, kanonieri kurdi; օրենքով գող, orenk'ov goğ; Qanuni oğru) in the Soviet Union, the post-Soviet states, Serbia and respective diasporas abroad is a specifically granted formal status of a professional criminal who enjoys an elite position within the organized crime environment and employs informal authority over its lower-status members.
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Veneto
Veneto (or,; Vèneto) is one of the 20 regions of Italy.
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Yakuza
, also known as, are members of transnational organized crime syndicates originating in Japan.
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Redirects here:
Internet mafia, MAFFIA, MAFIA, Mafia Game, Mafias, Mob (crime).
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mafia
