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69 relations: Adrenergic receptor, Alkaloid, Amnesia, Amphetamine, Anisocoria, Anticholinergic, Atropa belladonna, Atropine, Autonomic nervous system, Brain herniation, Central nervous system, Chemical warfare, Ciliary muscle, Cocaine, Constriction, Cranial nerves, Cycloplegia, Darkness, Depressant, Disease, Dopamine, Drug, Epilepsy, Eye injury, Eye surgery, Head injury, Heroin, Horner's syndrome, Hyoscine, Hyoscyamine, Injury, Intracranial pressure, Iris (anatomy), Iris dilator muscle, Iris sphincter muscle, LASIK, Light, MDMA, Medical test, Medicine, Miosis, Morphine, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, Muscle, Muscle contraction, Neurology, Neurotransmitter, Norepinephrine, Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, Oculomotor nerve, ..., Ophthalmology, Opiate, Oxycodone, Oxytocin, Parasympathetic nervous system, Phenylephrine, Photophobia, Psychiatry, Pupil, Pupillary light reflex, Pupillary response, Retina, Solanaceae, Spasm, Stimulant, Stroke, Sympathetic nervous system, Tropicamide, 3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate. Expand index (19 more) »
Adrenergic receptor
The adrenergic receptors (or adrenoceptors) are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are targets of the catecholamines, especially norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline).
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Alkaloid
Alkaloids are a class of naturally occurring chemical compounds that mostly contain basic nitrogen atoms.
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Amnesia
Amnesia is a deficit in memory caused by brain damage, disease, or psychological trauma.
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Amphetamine
Amphetamine (contracted from) is a potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that is used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, and obesity.
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Anisocoria
Anisocoria is a condition characterized by an unequal size of the eyes' pupils.
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Anticholinergic
An anticholinergic agent is a substance that blocks the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the central and the peripheral nervous system.
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Atropa belladonna
Atropa belladonna, commonly known as belladonna or deadly nightshade, is a perennial herbaceous plant in the nightshade family Solanaceae, which includes tomatoes, potatoes, and aubergine.
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Atropine
Atropine is a medication to treat certain types of nerve agent and pesticide poisonings as well as some types of slow heart rate and to decrease saliva production during surgery.
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Autonomic nervous system
The autonomic nervous system (ANS), formerly the vegetative nervous system, is a division of the peripheral nervous system that supplies smooth muscle and glands, and thus influences the function of internal organs.
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Brain herniation
Brain herniation is a potentially deadly side effect of very high pressure within the skull that occurs when a part of the brain is squeezed across structures within the skull.
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Central nervous system
The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.
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Chemical warfare
Chemical warfare (CW) involves using the toxic properties of chemical substances as weapons.
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Ciliary muscle
The ciliary muscle is a ring of smooth muscleSchachar, Ronald A. (2012). "Anatomy and Physiology." (Chapter 4). in the eye's middle layer (vascular layer) that controls accommodation for viewing objects at varying distances and regulates the flow of aqueous humour into Schlemm's canal. It changes the shape of the lens within the eye, not the size of the pupil which is carried out by the sphincter pupillae muscle and dilator pupillae.
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Cocaine
Cocaine, also known as coke, is a strong stimulant mostly used as a recreational drug.
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Constriction
Constriction is a method used by various snake species to kill their prey.
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Cranial nerves
Cranial nerves are the nerves that emerge directly from the brain (including the brainstem), in contrast to spinal nerves (which emerge from segments of the spinal cord).
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Cycloplegia
Cycloplegia is paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye, resulting in a loss of accommodation.
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Darkness
Darkness, the polar opposite to brightness, is understood as a lack of illumination or an absence of visible light.
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Depressant
A depressant, or central depressant, is a drug that lowers neurotransmission levels, which is to depress or reduce arousal or stimulation, in various areas of the brain.
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Disease
A disease is any condition which results in the disorder of a structure or function in an organism that is not due to any external injury.
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Dopamine
Dopamine (DA, a contraction of 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) is an organic chemical of the catecholamine and phenethylamine families that plays several important roles in the brain and body.
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Drug
A drug is any substance (other than food that provides nutritional support) that, when inhaled, injected, smoked, consumed, absorbed via a patch on the skin, or dissolved under the tongue causes a temporary physiological (and often psychological) change in the body.
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Epilepsy
Epilepsy is a group of neurological disorders characterized by epileptic seizures.
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Eye injury
Physical or chemical injuries of the eye can be a serious threat to vision if not treated appropriately and in a timely fashion.
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Eye surgery
Eye surgery, also known as ocular surgery, is surgery performed on the eye or its adnexa, typically by an ophthalmologist.
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Head injury
A head injury is any injury that results in trauma to the skull or brain.
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Heroin
Heroin, also known as diamorphine among other names, is an opioid most commonly used as a recreational drug for its euphoric effects.
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Horner's syndrome
Horner's syndrome is a combination of symptoms that arises when a group of nerves known as the sympathetic trunk is damaged.
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Hyoscine
Hyoscine, also known as scopolamine, is a medication used to treat motion sickness and postoperative nausea and vomiting.
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Hyoscyamine
Hyoscyamine (also known as daturine) is a tropane alkaloid.
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Injury
Injury, also known as physical trauma, is damage to the body caused by external force.
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Intracranial pressure
Intracranial pressure (ICP) is the pressure inside the skull and thus in the brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
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Iris (anatomy)
In humans and most mammals and birds, the iris (plural: irides or irises) is a thin, circular structure in the eye, responsible for controlling the diameter and size of the pupil and thus the amount of light reaching the retina.
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Iris dilator muscle
The iris dilator muscle (pupil dilator muscle, pupillary dilator, radial muscle of iris, radiating fibers), is a smooth muscle of the eye, running radially in the iris and therefore fit as a dilator.
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Iris sphincter muscle
The iris sphincter muscle (pupillary sphincter, pupillary constrictor, circular muscle of iris, circular fibers) is a muscle in the part of the eye called the iris.
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LASIK
LASIK or Lasik (laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis), commonly referred to as laser eye surgery or laser vision correction, is a type of refractive surgery for the correction of myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism.
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Light
Light is electromagnetic radiation within a certain portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
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MDMA
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), commonly known as ecstasy (E), is a psychoactive drug used primarily as a recreational drug.
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Medical test
A medical test is a medical procedure performed to detect, diagnose, or monitor diseases, disease processes, susceptibility, and determine a course of treatment.
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Medicine
Medicine is the science and practice of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease.
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Miosis
Miosis is excessive constriction of the pupil.
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Morphine
Morphine is a pain medication of the opiate variety which is found naturally in a number of plants and animals.
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Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, or mAChRs, are acetylcholine receptors that form G protein-coupled receptor complexes in the cell membranes of certain neurons and other cells.
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Muscle
Muscle is a soft tissue found in most animals.
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Muscle contraction
Muscle contraction is the activation of tension-generating sites within muscle fibers.
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Neurology
Neurology (from νεῦρον (neûron), "string, nerve" and the suffix -logia, "study of") is a branch of medicine dealing with disorders of the nervous system.
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Neurotransmitter
Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemicals that enable neurotransmission.
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Norepinephrine
Norepinephrine (NE), also called noradrenaline (NA) or noradrenalin, is an organic chemical in the catecholamine family that functions in the brain and body as a hormone and neurotransmitter.
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Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
A norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI, NERI) or adrenergic reuptake inhibitor (ARI), is a type of drug that acts as a reuptake inhibitor for the neurotransmitters norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) by blocking the action of the norepinephrine transporter (NET).
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Oculomotor nerve
The oculomotor nerve is the third cranial nerve.
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Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology is a branch of medicine and surgery (both methods are used) that deals with the anatomy, physiology and diseases of the eyeball and orbit.
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Opiate
Opiate is a term classically used in pharmacology to mean a drug derived from opium.
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Oxycodone
Oxycodone, sold under brand names such as Percocet and OxyContin among many others, is an opioid medication which is used for the relief of moderate to severe pain.
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Oxytocin
Oxytocin (Oxt) is a peptide hormone and neuropeptide.
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Parasympathetic nervous system
The parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) is one of the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system (a division of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)), the other being the sympathetic nervous system.
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Phenylephrine
Phenylephrine is a selective α1-adrenergic receptor agonist of the phenethylamine class used primarily as a decongestant, as an agent to dilate the pupil, to increase blood pressure, and to relieve hemorrhoids.
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Photophobia
Photophobia is a symptom of abnormal intolerance to visual perception of light.
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Psychiatry
Psychiatry is the medical specialty devoted to the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of mental disorders.
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Pupil
The pupil is a hole located in the center of the iris of the eye that allows light to strike the retina.
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Pupillary light reflex
The pupillary light reflex (PLR) or photopupillary reflex is a reflex that controls the diameter of the pupil, in response to the intensity (luminance) of light that falls on the retinal ganglion cells of the retina in the back of the eye, thereby assisting in adaptation to various levels of lightness/darkness.
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Pupillary response
Pupillary response is a physiological response that varies the size of the pupil, via the optic and oculomotor cranial nerve.
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Retina
The retina is the innermost, light-sensitive "coat", or layer, of shell tissue of the eye of most vertebrates and some molluscs.
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Solanaceae
The Solanaceae, or nightshades, are an economically important family of flowering plants.
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Spasm
A spasm is a sudden involuntary contraction of a muscle, a group of muscles, or a hollow organ such as the heart.
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Stimulant
Stimulants (also often referred to as psychostimulants or colloquially as uppers) is an overarching term that covers many drugs including those that increase activity of the central nervous system and the body, drugs that are pleasurable and invigorating, or drugs that have sympathomimetic effects.
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Stroke
A stroke is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain results in cell death.
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Sympathetic nervous system
The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is one of the two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system, the other being the parasympathetic nervous system.
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Tropicamide
Tropicamide, sold under the brand name Mydriacyl among others, is a medication used to dilate the pupil and help with examination of the eye.
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3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate
3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) — IUPAC name 1-azabicyclooctan-3-yl hydroxy(diphenyl)acetate; US Army code EA-2277; NATO code BZ; Soviet code Substance 78 — is an odorless military incapacitating agent.
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Blown pupil, Dilated pupil, Dilated pupils, Dilating the pupils, Fixed dilated pupil, Midriasis, Mydriatic, Mydriatic agent, Mydriatics, Pupillary dilatation.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mydriasis
