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Myelofibrosis

Index Myelofibrosis

Myelofibrosis, also known as osteomyelofibrosis, is a relatively rare bone marrow cancer. [1]

85 relations: Allopurinol, Anemia, Basophil, Blood cell, Blood film, Blood transfusion, Bone marrow, Bone marrow examination, Cachexia, Calreticulin, Chemotherapy, Chronic myelogenous leukemia, Clone (cell biology), Collagen, Connective tissue, Cytokine, Dacrocyte, Dermis, Dexamethasone, Diabetes mellitus, Dysplasia, Epidemiology, Erythropoietin, Essential thrombocythemia, Extramedullary hematopoiesis, Fibroblast, Fibroblast growth factor, Fibrosis, Folate, Gout, Granulocyte, Haematopoiesis, Hematology, Hematopoietic stem cell, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Hepatomegaly, Hepatosplenomegaly, Histology, Hydroxycarbamide, Hyperuricemia, Idiopathic disease, Interferon, Interleukin, Janus kinase 2, Lenalidomide, Leukemia, Liver, Lung, Mean corpuscular volume, Megakaryocyte, ..., Mutation, Myelofibrosis, Myeloproliferative neoplasm, Neoplasm, Nodule (medicine), Non-receptor tyrosine kinase, Nucleated red blood cell, Oncology, Pancytopenia, Peripheral neuropathy, Phenylalanine, Platelet, Pneumonia, Poikilocytosis, Polycythemia vera, Pulmonary hypertension, Red blood cell, Ruxolitinib, Signal transduction, Somatic evolution in cancer, Spleen, Splenectomy, Splenic infarction, Splenomegaly, Sulfonylurea, Thalidomide, The New England Journal of Medicine, Thrombocytopenia, Thrombopoietin, Thrombopoietin receptor, Tumors of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues, Valine, White blood cell, William Dameshek, World Health Organization. Expand index (35 more) »

Allopurinol

Allopurinol, sold under the brand name Zyloprim among others, is a medication used to decrease high blood uric acid levels.

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Anemia

Anemia is a decrease in the total amount of red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin in the blood, or a lowered ability of the blood to carry oxygen.

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Basophil

Basophils are a type of white blood cells.

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Blood cell

A blood cell, also called a haematopoietic cell, hemocyte, or hematocyte, is a cell produced through hematopoiesis and found mainly in the blood.

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Blood film

A blood film—or peripheral blood smear—is a thin layer of blood smeared on a glass microscope slide and then stained in such a way as to allow the various blood cells to be examined microscopically.

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Blood transfusion

Blood transfusion is generally the process of receiving blood or blood products into one's circulation intravenously.

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Bone marrow

Bone marrow is a semi-solid tissue which may be found within the spongy or cancellous portions of bones.

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Bone marrow examination

Bone marrow examination refers to the pathologic analysis of samples of bone marrow obtained by bone marrow biopsy (often called a trephine biopsy) and bone marrow aspiration.

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Cachexia

Cachexia, or wasting syndrome, is loss of weight, muscle atrophy, fatigue, weakness and significant loss of appetite in someone who is not actively trying to lose weight.

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Calreticulin

Calreticulin also known as calregulin, CRP55, CaBP3, calsequestrin-like protein, and endoplasmic reticulum resident protein 60 (ERp60) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CALR gene.

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Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy (often abbreviated to chemo and sometimes CTX or CTx) is a type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen.

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Chronic myelogenous leukemia

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), also known as chronic myeloid leukemia, is a cancer of the white blood cells.

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Clone (cell biology)

A clone is a group of identical cells that share a common ancestry, meaning they are derived from the same cell.

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Collagen

Collagen is the main structural protein in the extracellular space in the various connective tissues in animal bodies.

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Connective tissue

Connective tissue (CT) is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue.

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Cytokine

Cytokines are a broad and loose category of small proteins (~5–20 kDa) that are important in cell signaling.

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Dacrocyte

A dacrocyte (or dacryocyte) is a type of poikilocyte that is shaped like a teardrop (a "teardrop cell").

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Dermis

The dermis or corium is a layer of skin between the epidermis (with which it makes up the cutis) and subcutaneous tissues, that primarily consists of dense irregular connective tissue and cushions the body from stress and strain.

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Dexamethasone

Dexamethasone is a type of corticosteroid medication.

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Diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.

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Dysplasia

Dysplasia (from Ancient Greek δυσ- dys-, "bad" or "difficult" and πλάσις plasis, "formation") is a term used in pathology to refer to an abnormality of development or an epithelial anomaly of growth and differentiation (epithelial dysplasia).

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Epidemiology

Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where) and determinants of health and disease conditions in defined populations.

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Erythropoietin

Erythropoietin (EPO), also known as hematopoietin or hemopoietin, is a glycoprotein cytokine secreted by the kidney in response to cellular hypoxia; it stimulates red blood cell production (erythropoiesis) in the bone marrow.

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Essential thrombocythemia

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a rare chronic blood condition characterised by the overproduction of platelets (thrombocytes) by megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.

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Extramedullary hematopoiesis

Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EH) refers to hematopoiesis occurring outside of the medulla of the bone (bone marrow).

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Fibroblast

A fibroblast is a type of biological cell that synthesizes the extracellular matrix and collagen, the structural framework (stroma) for animal tissues, and plays a critical role in wound healing.

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Fibroblast growth factor

The fibroblast growth factors are a family of cell signalling proteins that are involved in a wide variety of processes, most notably as crucial elements for normal development.

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Fibrosis

Fibrosis is the formation of excess fibrous connective tissue in an organ or tissue in a reparative or reactive process.

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Folate

Folate, distinct forms of which are known as folic acid, folacin, and vitamin B9, is one of the B vitamins.

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Gout

Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by recurrent attacks of a red, tender, hot, and swollen joint.

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Granulocyte

Granulocytes are a category of white blood cells characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm.

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Haematopoiesis

Haematopoiesis (from Greek αἷμα, "blood" and ποιεῖν "to make"; also hematopoiesis in American English; sometimes also haemopoiesis or hemopoiesis) is the formation of blood cellular components.

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Hematology

Hematology, also spelled haematology, is the branch of medicine concerned with the study of the cause, prognosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases related to blood.

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Hematopoietic stem cell

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the stem cells that give rise to other blood cells.

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Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the transplantation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells, usually derived from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood.

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Hepatomegaly

Hepatomegaly is the condition of having an enlarged liver.

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Hepatosplenomegaly

Hepatosplenomegaly (commonly abbreviated HSM) is the simultaneous enlargement of both the liver (hepatomegaly) and the spleen (splenomegaly).

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Histology

Histology, also microanatomy, is the study of the anatomy of cells and tissues of plants and animals using microscopy.

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Hydroxycarbamide

Hydroxycarbamide, also known as hydroxyurea, is a medication used in sickle-cell disease, chronic myelogenous leukemia, cervical cancer, and polycythemia vera.

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Hyperuricemia

Hyperuricemia is an abnormally high level of uric acid in the blood.

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Idiopathic disease

An idiopathic disease is any disease with an unknown cause or mechanism of apparently spontaneous origin.

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Interferon

Interferons (IFNs) are a group of signaling proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of several pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, parasites, and also tumor cells.

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Interleukin

Interleukins (ILs) are a group of cytokines (secreted proteins and signal molecules) that were first seen to be expressed by white blood cells (leukocytes).

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Janus kinase 2

Janus kinase 2 (commonly called JAK2) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase.

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Lenalidomide

Lenalidomide (trade name Revlimid) is a derivative of thalidomide introduced in 2004.

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Leukemia

Leukemia, also spelled leukaemia, is a group of cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow and result in high numbers of abnormal white blood cells.

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Liver

The liver, an organ only found in vertebrates, detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins, and produces biochemicals necessary for digestion.

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Lung

The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system in humans and many other animals including a few fish and some snails.

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Mean corpuscular volume

The mean corpuscular volume, or mean cell volume (MCV), is a measure of the average volume of a red blood corpuscle (or red blood cell).

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Megakaryocyte

A megakaryocyte (mega- + karyo- + -cyte, "large-nucleus cell") is a large bone marrow cell with a lobated nucleus responsible for the production of blood thrombocytes (platelets), which are necessary for normal blood clotting.

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Mutation

In biology, a mutation is the permanent alteration of the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA or other genetic elements.

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Myelofibrosis

Myelofibrosis, also known as osteomyelofibrosis, is a relatively rare bone marrow cancer.

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Myeloproliferative neoplasm

The myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), previously myeloproliferative diseases (MPDs), are a group of diseases of the bone marrow in which excess cells are produced.

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Neoplasm

Neoplasia is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of tissue.

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Nodule (medicine)

In medicine, nodules are solid, elevated areas of tissue or fluid inside or under the skin with a diameter greater than 0.5 centimeters.

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Non-receptor tyrosine kinase

Non-receptor tyrosine kinases (nRTKs) are cytosolic enzymes that are responsible for catalysing the transfer of a phosphate group from a nucleoside triphosphate donor, such as ATP, to tyrosine residues in proteins.

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Nucleated red blood cell

With the exception of mammals, all vertebrate organisms have hemoglobin-containing cells in their blood and all of these red blood cells contain a nucleus.

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Oncology

Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer.

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Pancytopenia

Pancytopenia is a medical condition in which there is a reduction in the number of red and white blood cells, as well as platelets.

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Peripheral neuropathy

Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is damage to or disease affecting nerves, which may impair sensation, movement, gland or organ function, or other aspects of health, depending on the type of nerve affected.

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Phenylalanine

Phenylalanine (symbol Phe or F) is an α-amino acid with the formula.

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Platelet

Platelets, also called thrombocytes (from Greek θρόμβος, "clot" and κύτος, "cell"), are a component of blood whose function (along with the coagulation factors) is to react to bleeding from blood vessel injury by clumping, thereby initiating a blood clot.

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Pneumonia

Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung affecting primarily the small air sacs known as alveoli.

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Poikilocytosis

Poikilocytosis refers to the presence of poikilocytes in the blood.

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Polycythemia vera

Polycythemia vera is an uncommon neoplasm in which the bone marrow makes too many red blood cells.

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Pulmonary hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension (PH or PHTN) is a condition of increased blood pressure within the arteries of the lungs.

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Red blood cell

Red blood cells-- also known as RBCs, red cells, red blood corpuscles, haematids, erythroid cells or erythrocytes (from Greek erythros for "red" and kytos for "hollow vessel", with -cyte translated as "cell" in modern usage), are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate's principal means of delivering oxygen (O2) to the body tissues—via blood flow through the circulatory system.

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Ruxolitinib

Ruxolitinib (trade names Jakafi and Jakavi) is a drug for the treatment of intermediate or high-risk myelofibrosis, a type of myeloproliferative disorder that affects the bone marrow, and for polycythemia vera (PCV) when there has been an inadequate response to or intolerance of hydroxyurea.

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Signal transduction

Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events, most commonly protein phosphorylation catalyzed by protein kinases, which ultimately results in a cellular response.

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Somatic evolution in cancer

Somatic evolution is the accumulation of mutations and epimutations in somatic cells (the cells of a body, as opposed to germplasm and stem cells) during a lifetime, and the effects of those mutations and epimutations on the fitness of those cells.

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Spleen

The spleen is an organ found in virtually all vertebrates.

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Splenectomy

A splenectomy is a surgical procedure that partially or completely removes the spleen.

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Splenic infarction

Splenic infarction is a condition in which oxygen supply to the spleen is interrupted, leading to partial or complete infarction (tissue death due to oxygen shortage) in the organ.

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Splenomegaly

Splenomegaly is an enlargement of the spleen.

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Sulfonylurea

Sulfonylureas (UK: sulphonylurea) are a class of organic compounds used in medicine and agriculture.

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Thalidomide

Thalidomide, sold under the brand name Immunoprin, among others, is an immunomodulatory drug and the prototype of the thalidomide class of drugs.

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The New England Journal of Medicine

The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) is a weekly medical journal published by the Massachusetts Medical Society.

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Thrombocytopenia

Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of thrombocytes, also known as platelets, in the blood.

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Thrombopoietin

Thrombopoietin (THPO) also known as megakaryocyte growth and development factor (MGDF) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the THPO gene.

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Thrombopoietin receptor

The thrombopoietin receptor also known as the myeloproliferative leukemia protein or CD110 (Cluster of Differentiation 110) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MPL (myeloproliferative leukemia virus) oncogene.

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Tumors of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues

Tumors of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues or haematopoietic and lymphoid malignancies are tumors that affect the blood, bone marrow, lymph, and lymphatic system.

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Valine

Valine (symbol Val or V) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

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White blood cell

White blood cells (WBCs), also called leukocytes or leucocytes, are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.

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William Dameshek

William Dameshek (1900, Voronezh – 1969) was an American hematologist.

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World Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.

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Redirects here:

Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia, Assmann's disease, Chronic Idiopathic Myelofibrosis, Chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis, Cutaneous myelofibrosis, Heuck-Assmann disease, Idiopathic myelofibrosis, Myelofibrosis, idiopathic, Myeloid metaplasia, Myelosclerosis, Myelosclerosis with myeloid metaplasia, Myleofibrosis, Osteomyelofibrosis, Primary myelofibrosis.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myelofibrosis

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