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82 relations: Absenteeism, Air pollution, Alcohol, Alzheimer's disease, Autoimmune disease, C-reactive protein, Cancer, Cardiovascular disease, Cataract, Cervical cancer, Chimera (genetics), Cholesterol, Chromosome abnormality, Chronic care management, Chronic condition, Chronic kidney disease, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Cystic fibrosis, Developing country, Diabetes mellitus, Diabetes mellitus type 2, Diseases of affluence, Dominance (genetics), Down syndrome, Exercise, Geary–Khamis dollar, Gender, Genetic disorder, Genetics, Genome, Global health, Health, Health policy, Health system, Healthy diet, Heterochromia iridum, Human papillomavirus infection, Human rights, Huntington's disease, Hypercholesterolemia, Hypertension, INCTR Challenge Fund, Infection, Inflammation, International development, Jerry Morris, List of countries by risk of death from non-communicable disease, Low back pain, Malnutrition, Medical research, ..., Mental health, Millennium Development Goals, Mosaic (genetics), Mutation, NF-κB, Non-communicable disease, Obesity, Osteoporosis, Osteoprotegerin, Overweight, Patient, Presenteeism, Public health, Respiratory disease, Risk factor, Scurvy, Secretary-General of the United Nations, Sedentary lifestyle, Sexually transmitted infection, Skin cancer, Smoking, Stroke, Tobacco, Tobacco smoking, Transmission (medicine), United Nations, United Nations General Assembly, United Nations Interagency Task Force on the Prevention and Control of NCDs, Vitamin C, World Bank high-income economy, World Health Organization, World Health Report. Expand index (32 more) »
Absenteeism
Absenteeism is a habitual pattern of absence from a duty or obligation without good reason.
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Air pollution
Air pollution occurs when harmful or excessive quantities of substances including gases, particulates, and biological molecules are introduced into Earth's atmosphere.
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Alcohol
In chemistry, an alcohol is any organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group (–OH) is bound to a carbon.
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Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease (AD), also referred to simply as Alzheimer's, is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and worsens over time.
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Autoimmune disease
An autoimmune disease is a condition arising from an abnormal immune response to a normal body part.
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C-reactive protein
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an annular (ring-shaped), pentameric protein found in blood plasma, whose levels rise in response to inflammation.
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Cancer
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.
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Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels.
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Cataract
A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye which leads to a decrease in vision.
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Cervical cancer
Cervical cancer is a cancer arising from the cervix.
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Chimera (genetics)
A genetic chimerism or chimera (also spelled chimaera) is a single organism composed of cells with distinct genotypes.
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Cholesterol
Cholesterol (from the Ancient Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid), followed by the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol) is an organic molecule.
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Chromosome abnormality
A chromosome abnormality, disorder, anomaly, aberration, or mutation is a missing, extra, or irregular portion of chromosomal DNA.
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Chronic care management
Chronic care management encompasses the oversight and education activities conducted by health care professionals to help patients with chronic diseases and health conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure, lupus, multiple sclerosis and sleep apnea learn to understand their condition and live successfully with it.
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Chronic condition
A chronic condition is a human health condition or disease that is persistent or otherwise long-lasting in its effects or a disease that comes with time.
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Chronic kidney disease
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a type of kidney disease in which there is gradual loss of kidney function over a period of months or years.
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a type of obstructive lung disease characterized by long-term breathing problems and poor airflow.
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Cystic fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that affects mostly the lungs, but also the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and intestine.
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Developing country
A developing country (or a low and middle income country (LMIC), less developed country, less economically developed country (LEDC), underdeveloped country) is a country with a less developed industrial base and a low Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries.
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Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.
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Diabetes mellitus type 2
Diabetes mellitus type 2 (also known as type 2 diabetes) is a long-term metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin.
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Diseases of affluence
Diseases of affluence is a term sometimes given to selected diseases and other health conditions which are commonly thought to be a result of increasing wealth in a society.
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Dominance (genetics)
Dominance in genetics is a relationship between alleles of one gene, in which the effect on phenotype of one allele masks the contribution of a second allele at the same locus.
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Down syndrome
Down syndrome (DS or DNS), also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21.
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Exercise
Exercise is any bodily activity that enhances or maintains physical fitness and overall health and wellness.
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Geary–Khamis dollar
The Geary–Khamis dollar, more commonly known as the international dollar (Int'l. dollar or Intl. dollar, abbreviation: Int'l$., Intl$. or Int$), is a hypothetical unit of currency that has the same purchasing power parity that the U.S. dollar had in the United States at a given point in time.
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Gender
Gender is the range of characteristics pertaining to, and differentiating between, masculinity and femininity.
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Genetic disorder
A genetic disorder is a genetic problem caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome.
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Genetics
Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in living organisms.
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Genome
In the fields of molecular biology and genetics, a genome is the genetic material of an organism.
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Global health
Global health is the health of populations in the global context; it has been defined as "the area of study, research and practice that places a priority on improving health and achieving equity in health for all people worldwide".
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Health
Health is the ability of a biological system to acquire, convert, allocate, distribute, and utilize energy with maximum efficiency.
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Health policy
Health policy can be defined as the "decisions, plans, and actions that are undertaken to achieve specific healthcare goals within a society".
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Health system
A health system, also sometimes referred to as health care system or as healthcare system, is the organization of people, institutions, and resources that deliver health care services to meet the health needs of target populations.
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Healthy diet
A healthy diet is a diet that helps to maintain or improve overall health.
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Heterochromia iridum
Heterochromia is a difference in coloration, usually of the iris but also of hair or skin.
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Human papillomavirus infection
Human papillomavirus infection is an infection by human papillomavirus (HPV).
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Human rights
Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, December 13, 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,, Retrieved August 14, 2014 that describe certain standards of human behaviour and are regularly protected as natural and legal rights in municipal and international law.
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Huntington's disease
Huntington's disease (HD), also known as Huntington's chorea, is an inherited disorder that results in death of brain cells.
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Hypercholesterolemia
Hypercholesterolemia, also called high cholesterol, is the presence of high levels of cholesterol in the blood.
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Hypertension
Hypertension (HTN or HT), also known as high blood pressure (HBP), is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated.
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INCTR Challenge Fund
The INCTR Challenge Fund is the UK charity (Charity No. 1079181) raising funds for projects co-ordinated by the International Network for Cancer Treatment Research (INCTR) that improve the care delivered to cancer patients in developing countries and help reduce their suffering.
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Infection
Infection is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce.
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Inflammation
Inflammation (from inflammatio) is part of the complex biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants, and is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators.
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International development
International development or global development is a wide concept concerning level of development on an international scale.
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Jerry Morris
Jeremiah Noah "Jerry" Morris (6 May 1910 – 28 October 2009) was a Scottish epidemiologist who established the importance of physical activity in preventing cardiovascular disease.
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List of countries by risk of death from non-communicable disease
This is a list of countries by risk of premature death from non-communicable disease such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, or chronic respiratory disease between ages 30 and 70 as published by the World Health Organization in 2008.
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Low back pain
Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder involving the muscles, nerves, and bones of the back.
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Malnutrition
Malnutrition is a condition that results from eating a diet in which one or more nutrients are either not enough or are too much such that the diet causes health problems.
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Medical research
Biomedical research (or experimental medicine) encompasses a wide array of research, extending from "basic research" (also called bench science or bench research), – involving fundamental scientific principles that may apply to a ''preclinical'' understanding – to clinical research, which involves studies of people who may be subjects in clinical trials.
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Mental health
Mental health is a level of psychological well-being or an absence of mental illness.
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Millennium Development Goals
The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were the eight international development goals for the year 2015 that had been established following the Millennium Summit of the United Nations in 2000, following the adoption of the United Nations Millennium Declaration.
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Mosaic (genetics)
In genetics, a mosaic, or mosaicism, involves the presence of two or more populations of cells with different genotypes in one individual, who has developed from a single fertilized egg.
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Mutation
In biology, a mutation is the permanent alteration of the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA or other genetic elements.
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NF-κB
NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) is a protein complex that controls transcription of DNA, cytokine production and cell survival.
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Non-communicable disease
A non-communicable disease (NCD) is a medical condition or disease that is not caused by infectious agents (non-infectious or non-transmissible).
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Obesity
Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health.
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Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a disease where increased bone weakness increases the risk of a broken bone.
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Osteoprotegerin
Osteoprotegerin (OPG), also known as osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor (OCIF) or tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11B (TNFRSF11B), is a cytokine receptor of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily encoded by the TNFRSF11B gene.
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Overweight
Being overweight or fat is having more body fat than is optimally healthy.
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Patient
A patient is any recipient of health care services.
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Presenteeism
Presenteeism or working while sick can cause productivity loss, poor health, exhaustion and workplace epidemics.
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Public health
Public health is "the science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting human health through organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals".
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Respiratory disease
Respiratory disease is a medical term that encompasses pathological conditions affecting the organs and tissues that make gas exchange possible in higher organisms, and includes conditions of the upper respiratory tract, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, pleura and pleural cavity, and the nerves and muscles of breathing.
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Risk factor
In epidemiology, a risk factor is a variable associated with an increased risk of disease or infection.
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Scurvy
Scurvy is a disease resulting from a lack of vitamin C (ascorbic acid).
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Secretary-General of the United Nations
The Secretary-General of the United Nations (UNSG or just SG) is the head of the United Nations Secretariat, one of the six principal organs of the United Nations.
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Sedentary lifestyle
A sedentary lifestyle is a type of lifestyle with little or no physical activity.
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Sexually transmitted infection
Sexually transmitted infections (STI), also referred to as sexually transmitted diseases (STD) or venereal diseases (VD), are infections that are commonly spread by sexual activity, especially vaginal intercourse, anal sex and oral sex.
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Skin cancer
Skin cancers are cancers that arise from the skin.
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Smoking
Smoking is a practice in which a substance is burned and the resulting smoke breathed in to be tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream.
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Stroke
A stroke is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain results in cell death.
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Tobacco
Tobacco is a product prepared from the leaves of the tobacco plant by curing them.
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Tobacco smoking
Tobacco smoking is the practice of smoking tobacco and inhaling tobacco smoke (consisting of particle and gaseous phases).
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Transmission (medicine)
In medicine, public health, and biology, transmission is the passing of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host individual or group to a particular individual or group, regardless of whether the other individual was previously infected.
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United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation and to create and maintain international order.
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United Nations General Assembly
The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA or GA; Assemblée Générale AG) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN), the only one in which all member nations have equal representation, and the main deliberative, policy-making and representative organ of the UN.
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United Nations Interagency Task Force on the Prevention and Control of NCDs
The was established by the United Nations Secretary-General in 2013 in order to provide scaled up action across the UN system to support governments, in particular in low- and middle-income countries, to tackle non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory disease.
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Vitamin C
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and L-ascorbic acid, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.
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World Bank high-income economy
A high-income economy is defined by the World Bank as a country with a gross national income per capita US$12,236 or more in 2016, calculated using the Atlas method.
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World Health Organization
The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.
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World Health Report
The World Health Report (WHR) is a series of reports produced regularly by the World Health Organization (WHO).
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-communicable_disease
