North Rhine-Westphalia

North Rhine-Westphalia or North-Rhine/Westphalia, commonly shortened to NRW, is a state (Land) in Western Germany. With more than 18 million inhabitants, it is the most populous state in Germany. Apart from the city-states, it is also the most densely populated state in Germany. Covering an area of, it is the fourth-largest German state by size. ^[1]

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Table of Contents

1. 427 relations: Aachen, Aachen (district), Aachen Cathedral, Accept (band), Airbus A380, Airline hub, Alemannia Aachen, Allied-occupied Germany, Altbier, Amsterdam, Ancient Rome, Angel Dust (German band), Angria, Aplerbeck, Armin Laschet, Arminia Bielefeld, Arnsberg (region), Augustusburg and Falkenlust Palaces, Brühl, Autobahn, Bad Honnef, Basel, Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany, Basketball Bundesliga, Battle of Jena–Auerstedt, Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, Baumberge, Bavaria, Bavarian Office for the Protection of the Constitution, Bayer 04 Leverkusen, Bayer Giants Leverkusen, Beckrath, Beckum Hills, Belgium, Bergisches Land, Berlin Brandenburg Airport, Bielefeld, Blind Guardian, Blue Banana, Bochum, Bonn, Bonn Stadtbahn, Borken (district), Borussia Dortmund, Borussia Mönchengladbach, Bottrop, Brandenburg–Prussia, Brühl (Rhineland), British occupation zone in Germany, Bructeri, Brussels, ... Expand index (377 more) » « Shrink index

2. States and territories established in 1946
3. States of Germany

Aachen

Aachen (French: Aix-la-Chapelle; Oche; Aquae Granni or Aquisgranum) is the 13th-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia and the 27th-largest city of Germany, with around 261,000 inhabitants.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Aachen

Aachen (district)

The district of Aachen (Städteregion Aachen) is a district in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Aachen (district)

Aachen Cathedral

Aachen Cathedral (Aachener Dom) is a Catholic church in Aachen, Germany and the cathedral of the Diocese of Aachen.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Aachen Cathedral

Accept (band)

Accept is a German heavy metal band from Solingen, formed in 1976 by lead guitarist Wolf Hoffmann, singer Udo Dirkschneider and bassist Peter Baltes.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Accept (band)

Airbus A380

The Airbus A380 is a very large wide-body airliner that was developed and produced by Airbus.

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Airline hub

An airline hub or hub airport is an airport used by one or more airlines to concentrate passenger traffic and flight operations.

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Alemannia Aachen

Alemannia Aachen or ATSV Alemannia 1900 is a German football club from the western city of Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Allied-occupied Germany

The entirety of Germany was occupied and administered by the Allies of World War II from the Berlin Declaration on 5 June 1945 to the establishment of West Germany on 23 May 1949.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Allied-occupied Germany

Altbier

Altbier (German for old beer) is a style of beer brewed in the Rhineland, especially around the city of Düsseldorf, Germany.

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Amsterdam

Amsterdam (literally, "The Dam on the River Amstel") is the capital and most populated city of the Netherlands.

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Ancient Rome

In modern historiography, ancient Rome is the Roman civilisation from the founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD.

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Angel Dust (German band)

Angel Dust (originally Angeldust) is a German heavy metal band from Dortmund.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Angel Dust (German band)

Angria

Angria or Angaria (Engern) is a historical region in the present-day German states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Aplerbeck

Aplerbeck is a borough (Stadtbezirk) of the city of Dortmund in the Ruhr district of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Aplerbeck

Armin Laschet

Armin Laschet (born 18 February 1961) is a German politician who served as Minister President of North Rhine-Westphalia from 27 June 2017 to 26 October 2021.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Armin Laschet

Arminia Bielefeld

DSC Arminia Bielefeld (full name: Deutscher Sportclub Arminia Bielefeld e.V.; commonly known as Arminia Bielefeld, also known as Die Arminen or Die Blauen), or just Arminia, is a German sports club from Bielefeld, North Rhine-Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Arminia Bielefeld

Arnsberg (region)

Arnsberg is one of the five Regierungsbezirke of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, located in the west-central part of the country.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Arnsberg (region)

Augustusburg and Falkenlust Palaces, Brühl

The Augustusburg and Falkenlust Palaces form a historical building complex in Brühl, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Augustusburg and Falkenlust Palaces, Brühl

Autobahn

The Autobahn (German plural) is the federal controlled-access highway system in Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Autobahn

Bad Honnef

Bad Honnef is a spa town in Germany near Bonn in the Rhein-Sieg district, North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Basel

Basel, also known as Basle,Bâle; Basilea; Basileia; other Basilea.

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Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany

The Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany (Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland) is the constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany

Basketball Bundesliga

The Basketball Bundesliga (BBL) (English language: Federal Basketball League), for sponsorship reasons named easyCredit BBL, is the highest level league of professional club basketball in Germany.

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Battle of Jena–Auerstedt

The twin battles of Jena and Auerstedt (older spelling: Auerstädt) were fought on 14 October 1806 on the plateau west of the river Saale in today's Germany, between the forces of Napoleon I of France and Frederick William III of Prussia.

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Battle of the Teutoburg Forest

The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest, described as the Varus Disaster or Varian Disaster (Clades Variana) by Roman historians, was a major battle between Germanic tribes and the Roman Empire that took place somewhere near modern Kalkriese from September 8–11, 9 AD, when an alliance of Germanic peoples ambushed three Roman legions led by Publius Quinctilius Varus and their auxiliaries.

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Baumberge

The Baumberge are the highest hills in the natural regions of Münsterland and Kernmünsterland with a maximum height of.

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Bavaria

Bavaria, officially the Free State of Bavaria, is a state in the southeast of Germany. North Rhine-Westphalia and Bavaria are states of Germany.

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Bavarian Office for the Protection of the Constitution

The Bayerisches Landesamt für Verfassungsschutz (BayLfV, "Bavarian Office for the Protection of the Constitution") is the domestic intelligence agency of the Free State of Bavaria.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Bavarian Office for the Protection of the Constitution

Bayer 04 Leverkusen

Bayer 04 Leverkusen, officially known as Bayer 04 Leverkusen Fußball GmbH and commonly known as Bayer Leverkusen or simply Leverkusen, is a German professional football club based in Leverkusen, North Rhine-Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Bayer 04 Leverkusen

Bayer Giants Leverkusen

Bayer Giants Leverkusen is a professional basketball club, part of the TSV Bayer 04 Leverkusen sports club based in Leverkusen, Germany.

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Beckrath

Beckrath is a village in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, west of Berlin and south of Mönchengladbach.

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Beckum Hills

The Beckum Hills (Beckumer Berge), named after the town of Beckum, are a range of low hills, up to, in the region of Münsterland in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany).

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Belgium

Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe.

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Bergisches Land

The Bergisches Land (Berg Country) is a low mountain range in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, east of the Rhine and south of the Ruhr.

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Berlin Brandenburg Airport

Berlin Brandenburg Airport Willy Brandt (Flughafen Berlin Brandenburg „Willy Brandt“),, is an international airport in Schönefeld, just south of the German capital and state of Berlin, in the state of Brandenburg.

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Bielefeld

Bielefeld is a city in the Ostwestfalen-Lippe Region in the north-east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Blind Guardian

Blind Guardian is a German power metal band formed in 1984 in Krefeld, West Germany.

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Blue Banana

The Blue Banana, also known as the European Megalopolis or the Liverpool–Milan Axis, is a discontinuous corridor of urbanization in Western and Central Europe, with a population of around 100 million.

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Bochum

Bochum (also,; Baukem) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Bonn

Bonn is a federal city in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, located on the banks of the Rhine.

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Bonn Stadtbahn

The Bonn Stadtbahn (Stadtbahn Bonn) is a Stadtbahn system in Bonn and the surrounding Rhein-Sieg area, that also includes the Bonn Straßenbahn.

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Borken (district)

Borken is a Kreis (district) in the northwestern part of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany in the Münster region.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Borken (district)

Borussia Dortmund

Ballspielverein Borussia 09 e. V. Dortmund, often known simply as Borussia Dortmund or by its initialism BVB, is a German professional sports club based in Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Borussia Dortmund

Borussia Mönchengladbach

Borussia Verein für Leibesübungen 1900 e.V. Mönchengladbach, better known as Borussia Mönchengladbach and colloquially known as just Gladbach, is a professional football club based in Mönchengladbach, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany that plays in the Bundesliga, the top flight of German football.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Borussia Mönchengladbach

Bottrop

Bottrop is a city in west-central Germany, on the Rhine–Herne Canal, in North Rhine-Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Bottrop

Brandenburg–Prussia

Brandenburg-Prussia (Brandenburg-Preußen) is the historiographic denomination for the early modern realm of the Brandenburgian Hohenzollerns between 1618 and 1701.

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Brühl (Rhineland)

Brühl is a town in the Rhineland, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Brühl (Rhineland)

British occupation zone in Germany

The British occupation zone in Germany (German: Britische Besatzungszone Deutschlands) was one of the Allied-occupied areas in Germany after World War II.

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Bructeri

The Bructeri (from Latin; Greek: Βρούκτεροι, Broukteroi, or Βουσάκτεροι, Bousakteroi; Old English: Boruhtware) were a Germanic tribe*.

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Brussels

Brussels (Bruxelles,; Brussel), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (Région de Bruxelles-Capitale; Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest), is a region of Belgium comprising 19 municipalities, including the City of Brussels, which is the capital of Belgium. North Rhine-Westphalia and Brussels are NUTS 1 statistical regions of the European Union.

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Bundesautobahn 1

is an autobahn in Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Bundesautobahn 1

Bundesautobahn 2

is an autobahn in Germany that connects the Ruhr area in the west to Berlin in the east.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Bundesautobahn 2

Bundesautobahn 3

is an autobahn in Germany running from the Germany-Netherlands border near Wesel in the northwest to the Germany-Austria border near Passau.

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Bundesautobahn 4

is an autobahn in two discontinuous segments that crosses Germany in a west–east direction.

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Bundesautobahn 40

, (named A 430 until the early 1990s) is one of the most used Autobahns in Germany.

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Bundesautobahn 42

is an autobahn in western Germany.

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Bundesautobahn 43

is an autobahn in western Germany, connecting Münster via Recklinghausen to Wuppertal.

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Bundesautobahn 44

is a German Autobahn.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Bundesautobahn 44

Bundesautobahn 45

is an autobahn in Germany, connecting Dortmund in the west with Aschaffenburg in the southwest.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Bundesautobahn 45

Bundesautobahn 52

is an autobahn in western Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Bundesautobahn 52

Bundesautobahn 57

is a German Autobahn that begins at the Dutch-German border near Goch and ends in Köln.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Bundesautobahn 57

Bundesautobahn 59

is an autobahn in Germany that starts in Dinslaken and runs with three breaks along Duisburg, Düsseldorf and Cologne to Bonn.

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Bundesautobahn 61

is an autobahn in Germany that connects the border to the Netherlands near Venlo in the northwest to the interchange with A 6 near Hockenheim.

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Bundesliga

The Bundesliga, sometimes referred to as the Fußball-Bundesliga or 1.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Bundesliga

Bundesstraße

Bundesstraße (German for "federal highway"), abbreviated B, is the denotation for German and Austrian national highways.

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Bundestag

The Bundestag ("Federal Diet") is the German federal parliament and the lower of two federal chambers, opposed to the upper chamber, the Bundesrat.

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Bus

A bus (contracted from omnibus, with variants multibus, motorbus, autobus, etc.) is a road vehicle that carries significantly more passengers than an average car or van, but less than the average rail transport.

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Carolingian dynasty

The Carolingian dynasty (known variously as the Carlovingians, Carolingus, Carolings, Karolinger or Karlings) was a Frankish noble family named after Charles Martel and his grandson Charlemagne, descendants of the Arnulfing and Pippinid clans of the 7th century AD.

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Carolingian Empire

The Carolingian Empire (800–887) was a Frankish-dominated empire in Western and Central Europe during the Early Middle Ages.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.

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Catholic Church in Germany

The Catholic Church in Germany (Katholische Kirche in Deutschland) or Roman Catholic Church in Germany (Römisch-katholische Kirche in Deutschland) is part of the worldwide Roman Catholic Church in communion with the Pope, assisted by the Roman Curia, and with the German bishops.

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Cölner Hofbräu Früh

Cölner Hofbräu Früh (or just Früh) is a private brewery for top-fermented beer called Kölsch.

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Central European Summer Time

Central European Summer Time (CEST, UTC+02:00), sometimes referred to as Central European Daylight Time (CEDT), is the standard clock time observed during the period of summer daylight-saving in those European countries which observe Central European Time (CET; UTC+01:00) during the other part of the year.

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Central European Time

Central European Time (CET) is a standard time of Central, and parts of Western Europe, which is one hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

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Central Uplands

The Central UplandsDickinson (1964), p.18 ff.

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Centre Party (Germany)

The Centre Party (Zentrum), officially the German Centre Party (Deutsche Zentrumspartei) and also known in English as the Catholic Centre Party, is a Christian democratic political party in Germany.

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Charlemagne

Charlemagne (2 April 748 – 28 January 814) was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and Emperor, of what is now known as the Carolingian Empire, from 800, holding these titles until his death in 814.

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Christian Democratic Union of Germany

The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands; CDU) is a Christian democratic and conservative political party in Germany.

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City-state

A city-state is an independent sovereign city which serves as the center of political, economic, and cultural life over its contiguous territory.

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Civil flag

A civil flag is a version of the national flag that is flown by civilians on nongovernmental installations or craft.

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Coat of arms of North Rhine-Westphalia

The coat of arms of North Rhine-Westphalia is the official coat of arms of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Coesfeld (district)

Coesfeld is a Kreis (district) in the northwestern part of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, west of the city of Münster.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Coesfeld (district)

Cologne

Cologne (Köln; Kölle) is the largest city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the fourth-most populous city of Germany with nearly 1.1 million inhabitants in the city proper and over 3.1 million people in the Cologne Bonn urban region.

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Cologne (region)

Cologne is one of the five governmental districts of the German Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Cologne (region)

Cologne Bonn Region

The Cologne Bonn Region (German: Region Köln/Bonn) is a metropolitan area in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), Germany, covering the cities of Cologne, Bonn and Leverkusen, as well as the districts of Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis, Oberbergischer Kreis, Rhein-Erft-Kreis and Rhein-Sieg-Kreis.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Cologne Bonn Region

Cologne Carnival

The Cologne Carnival (Kölner Karneval) is a carnival that takes place every year in Cologne, Germany.

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Cologne Cathedral

Cologne Cathedral (Kölner Dom,, officially Hohe Domkirche Sankt Petrus, English: Cathedral Church of Saint Peter) is a cathedral in Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia belonging to the Catholic Church.

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Cologne Stadtbahn

The Cologne Stadtbahn is a light rail system in the German city of Cologne, including several surrounding cities of the Cologne Bonn Region (Bergisch Gladbach, Bonn, Bornheim, Brühl, Frechen, Hürth, Leverkusen-Schlebusch, Wesseling).

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Cologne Stadtbahn

Confederation of the Rhine

The Confederated States of the Rhine, simply known as the Confederation of the Rhine or Rhine Confederation, was a confederation of German client states established at the behest of Napoleon some months after he defeated Austria and Russia at the Battle of Austerlitz.

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Congress of Vienna

The Congress of Vienna of 1814–1815 was a series of international diplomatic meetings to discuss and agree upon a possible new layout of the European political and constitutional order after the downfall of the French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte.

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Constitution of North Rhine-Westphalia

The Constitution of North Rhine-Westphalia (Verfassung für das Land Nordrhein-Westfalen) is the constitutional document that governs the responsibilities and rights of various offices and the Landtag (State Parliament) of North Rhine-Westphalia, in Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Constitution of North Rhine-Westphalia

Cugerni

The Cugerni (or Cuberni or Guberni) were a Germanic tribal grouping with a particular territory within the Roman province of Germania Inferior, which later became Germania Secunda.

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Datteln-Hamm Canal

The Datteln-Hamm Canal (Datteln-Hamm-Kanal) is a canal in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Düren (district)

Düren is a Kreis (district) in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Düren (district)

Düsseldorf

Düsseldorf is the capital city of North Rhine-Westphalia, the most populous state of Germany.

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Düsseldorf (region)

Düsseldorf is one of the five Regierungsbezirke of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, located in the north-west of the country.

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Düsseldorf Airport

Düsseldorf Airport (Flughafen Düsseldorf), known as Düsseldorf International Airport until March 2013, is an international airport serving Düsseldorf, the capital of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Düsseldorfer EG

Düsseldorfer EG (short DEG) is a German professional ice hockey team in Düsseldorf.

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Democracy

Democracy (from dēmokratía, dēmos 'people' and kratos 'rule') is a system of government in which state power is vested in the people or the general population of a state.

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Detmold

Detmold is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, with a population of.

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Detmold (region)

Regierungsbezirk Detmold is one of the five Regierungsbezirke of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, located in the north-east of the state.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Detmold (region)

Deutsche Bahn

The Deutsche Bahn AG (abbreviated as DB or DB AG) is the national railway company of Germany, and a state-owned enterprise under the control of the German government.

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Deutsche Eishockey Liga

The Deutsche Eishockey Liga (for sponsorship reasons called PENNY Deutsche Eishockey Liga) (English: German Ice Hockey League) or DEL, is a German professional ice hockey league and the highest division in German ice hockey.

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Deutsche Welle

("German Wave"), commonly shortened to DW, is a German public, state-owned international broadcaster funded by the German federal tax budget.

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Districts of Germany

In 13 German states, the primary administrative subdivision higher than a Gemeinde (municipality) is the Landkreis or Kreis.

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Doro (musician)

Dorothee Pesch (born 3 June 1964), known professionally as Doro Pesch or simply Doro, is a German heavy metal singer and the former frontwoman of heavy metal band Warlock.

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Dortmund

Dortmund (Düörpm; Tremonia) is the third-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia, after Cologne and Düsseldorf, and the ninth-largest city in Germany.

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Dortmund Airport

Dortmund Airport is a minor international airport located east of Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Dortmund Port

Construction on Dortmund's port which terminates the Dortmund-Ems Canal connecting Dortmund to the North Sea started in 1895.

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Dortmund–Ems Canal

The Dortmund–Ems Canal is a long canal in Germany between the inland port of the city of Dortmund and the seaport of Emden.

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Dortmunder Export

Dortmunder Export or Dortmunder is a pale lager originally brewed by Dortmunder Union in Dortmund, Germany, in 1873.

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Duchy of Brabant

The Duchy of Brabant, a state of the Holy Roman Empire, was established in 1183.

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Duchy of Cleves

The Duchy of Cleves (Herzogtum Kleve; Hertogdom Kleef) was a State of the Holy Roman Empire which emerged from the medieval.

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Duchy of Limburg

The Duchy of Limburg or Limbourg was an imperial estate of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Duchy of Lorraine

The Duchy of Lorraine (Lorraine; Lothringen), originally Upper Lorraine, was a duchy now included in the larger present-day region of Lorraine in northeastern France.

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Duchy of Saxony

The Duchy of Saxony (Hartogdom Sassen, Herzogtum Sachsen) was originally the area settled by the Saxons in the late Early Middle Ages, when they were subdued by Charlemagne during the Saxon Wars from 772 and incorporated into the Carolingian Empire (Francia) by 804.

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Duchy of Westphalia

The Duchy of Westphalia (Herzogtum Westfalen) was a historic territory in the Holy Roman Empire, which existed from 1102 to 1803.

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Duisburg

Duisburg (Duisborg) is a city in the Ruhr metropolitan area of the western German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Duisburg Inner Harbour

The Innenhafen (Inner Harbour) in Duisburg, Germany, is connected to the Rhine River, encompasses an area of.

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Duke

Duke is a male title either of a monarch ruling over a duchy, or of a member of royalty, or nobility.

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East Francia

East Francia (Latin: Francia orientalis) or the Kingdom of the East Franks (Regnum Francorum orientalium) was a successor state of Charlemagne's empire ruled by the Carolingian dynasty until 911.

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Eastphalia

Eastphalia (Ostfalen, pronounced ɔstˈfaːlən; Eastphalian: Oostfalen) is a historical region in northern Germany, encompassing the eastern Gaue (shires) of the historic stem duchy of Saxony, roughly confined by the River Leine in the west and the Elbe and Saale in the east.

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Eburones

The Eburones (Greek: Ἐβούρωνες, Ἐβουρωνοί) were a Gaulish-Germanic tribe dwelling in the northeast of Gaul, who lived north of the Ardennes in the region near that is now the southern Netherlands, eastern Belgium and the German Rhineland, in the period immediately preceding the Roman conquest of the region.

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Economic sector

One classical breakdown of economic activity distinguishes three sectors.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Economic sector

Economy of North Rhine-Westphalia

North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) has always been Germany's powerhouse with the largest economy among the German states by GDP figures.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Economy of North Rhine-Westphalia

Egge (Lower Saxon Hills)

The Egge Hills (Eggegebirge), or just the Egge (die Egge) is a range of forested hills, up to, in the east of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Egge (Lower Saxon Hills)

Eifel

The Eifel (Äifel) is a low mountain range in western Germany, eastern Belgium and northern Luxembourg.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Eifel

Electorate of Cologne

The Electorate of Cologne (Kurfürstentum Köln), sometimes referred to as Electoral Cologne (Kurköln), was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire that existed from the 10th to the early 19th century.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Electorate of Cologne

Electorate of Trier

The Electorate of Trier (Kurfürstentum Trier or Kurtrier or Trèves) was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire that existed from the end of the 9th to the early 19th century.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Electorate of Trier

Ems (river)

The Ems (Ems; Eems) is a river in northwestern Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Ems (river)

Enger

Enger is a town in the Herford district, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Enger

Ennepe-Ruhr-Kreis

The Ennepe-Ruhr-Kreis is a district in the center of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Ennepe-Ruhr-Kreis

Essen

Essen is the central and, after Dortmund, second-largest city of the Ruhr, the largest urban area in Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Essen

Eupen

Eupen (Ripuarian;; former) is the capital of German-speaking Community of Belgium and is a city and municipality in the Belgian province of Liège, from the German border (Aachen), from the Dutch border (Maastricht) and from the "High Fens" nature reserve (Ardennes).

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Eupen

Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Europe

Eurowings

Eurowings GmbH is a German value airline headquartered in Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, and a wholly owned subsidiary of the Lufthansa Group.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Eurowings

Euskirchen (district)

Euskirchen is a Kreis (district) in the south-west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Euskirchen (district)

Evangelical Church in Germany

The Evangelical Church in Germany (Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland, EKD), also known as the Protestant Church in Germany, is a federation of twenty Lutheran, Reformed, and United Protestant regional Churches in Germany, collectively encompassing the vast majority of the country's Protestants.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Evangelical Church in Germany

Externsteine

The Externsteine is a distinctive sandstone rock formation located in the Teutoburg Forest, near the town of Horn-Bad Meinberg in the Lippe district of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Externsteine

FC Schalke 04

Fußballclub Gelsenkirchen-Schalke 04 e. V., commonly known as Schalke 04, and abbreviated as S04, is a professional sports club from the Schalke district of Gelsenkirchen, North Rhine-Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and FC Schalke 04

FC Viktoria Köln

FC Viktoria Köln is a German association football club from the city of Cologne in North Rhine-Westphalia, that competes in the 3. Liga, the third tier of German football.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and FC Viktoria Köln

Federal republic

A federal republic is a federation of states with a republican form of government.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Federal republic

First French Empire

The First French Empire, officially the French Republic, then the French Empire after 1809 and also known as Napoleonic France, was the empire ruled by Napoleon Bonaparte, who established French hegemony over much of continental Europe at the beginning of the 19th century.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and First French Empire

Flag of Hungary

The national flag of Hungary (Magyarország zászlaja) is a horizontal tricolour of red, white and green.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Flag of Hungary

Flag of Iran

The national flag of the Islamic Republic of Iran (پرچمایران), also known as the tricolour (پرچمسه‌رنگ ایران), is a tricolour featuring the Pan-Iranian colors comprising equal horizontal bands of green, white and red with the national emblem ("Allah") in red centred on the white band and the takbir written 11 times each in the Kufic script in white, at the bottom of the green and the top of the red band.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Flag of Iran

Flag of North Rhine-Westphalia

The flag of the German State of North Rhine-Westphalia is a horizontal tricolor consisting of green, white and red.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Flag of North Rhine-Westphalia

Flemish Diamond

The Flemish Diamond (Vlaamse Ruit) is the Flemish reference to a network of four metropolitan areas in Belgium, three of which are in the central provinces of Flanders, together with the Brussels-Capital Region.

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Foreign direct investment

A foreign direct investment (FDI) refers to purchase of an asset in another country, such that it gives direct control to the purchaser over the asset (e.g. purchase of land and building).

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Foreign direct investment

Fortuna Düsseldorf

Düsseldorfer Turn- und Sportverein Fortuna 1895 e.V., commonly known as Fortuna Düsseldorf, is a German football club based in Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, that competes in the 2. Bundesliga.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Fortuna Düsseldorf

Frankfurt Airport

Frankfurt Airport (Flughafen Frankfurt Main), is Germany's main international airport by passenger numbers, located in Frankfurt, Germany's fifth-largest city.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Frankfurt Airport

Frankfurt Rhine-Main

The Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region, often simply referred to as Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Frankfurt Rhine-Main area or Rhine-Main area (German: Rhein-Main-Gebiet or Frankfurt/Rhein-Main, abbreviated FRM), is the second-largest metropolitan region in Germany after Rhine-Ruhr, with a total population exceeding 5.8 million.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Frankfurt Rhine-Main

Franz Meyers

Franz Josef Heinrich Georg Meyers (31 July 1908 – 27 January 2002) was a German politician who served as the 4th Minister President of North Rhine-Westphalia from 21 July 1958 to 8 December 1966.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Franz Meyers

Frederick Barbarossa

Frederick Barbarossa (December 1122 – 10 June 1190), also known as Frederick I (Friedrich I; Federico I), was the Holy Roman Emperor from 1155 until his death 35 years later in 1190.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Frederick Barbarossa

Free State of Lippe

The Free State of Lippe (Freistaat Lippe) was created following the abdication of Prince Leopold IV of the Principality of Lippe on 15 November 1918, following the German Revolution.

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Free State of Prussia

The Free State of Prussia (Freistaat Preußen) was one of the constituent states of Germany from 1918 to 1947.

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Fritz Steinhoff

Fritz Steinhoff (23 November 1897 – 22 October 1969) was a German politician of the SPD.

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Gamescom

Gamescom (stylized as gamescom) is a trade fair for video games held annually at the Koelnmesse in Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Gamescom

Gütersloh (district)

Gütersloh is a Kreis (district) in the north-east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Gütersloh (district)

Gelderland

Gelderland, also known as Guelders in English, is a province of the Netherlands, occupying the centre-east of the country.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Gelderland

Gelsenkirchen

Gelsenkirchen (Gelsenkiärken) is the 25th-most populous city of Germany and the 11th-most populous in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia with 262,528 (2016) inhabitants.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Gelsenkirchen

German Bundesrat

The German Bundesrat is a legislative body that represents the sixteen Länder (federated states) of Germany at the federal level (German: Bundesebene).

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German Reich

German Reich (lit. German Realm, German Empire, from Deutsches Reich) was the constitutional name for the German nation state that existed from 18 January 1871 to 5 June 1945.

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German Research Foundation

The German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; DFG) is a German research funding organization, which functions as a self-governing institution for the promotion of science and research in the Federal Republic of Germany.

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German reunification

German reunification (Deutsche Wiedervereinigung) was the process of re-establishing Germany as a single full sovereign state, which took place between 9 November 1989 and 15 March 1991.

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German Universities Excellence Initiative

The Excellence Initiative of the German Council of Science and Humanities and the German Research Foundation (DFG) aims to promote cutting-edge research and to create outstanding conditions for young scholars at universities, to deepen cooperation between disciplines and institutions, to strengthen international cooperation of research, and to enhance the international appeal of excellent German universities.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and German Universities Excellence Initiative

German-speaking Community of Belgium

The German-speaking Community (Deutschsprachige Gemeinschaft), also known as East Belgium (Ostbelgien), is one of the three federal communities of Belgium, with an area of in the Liège Province of Wallonia, including nine of the eleven municipalities of Eupen-Malmedy.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and German-speaking Community of Belgium

Germania Inferior

Germania Inferior ("Lower Germania") was a Roman province from AD 85 until the province was renamed Germania Secunda in the 4th century AD, on the west bank of the Rhine bordering the North Sea.

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Germanic peoples

The Germanic peoples were tribal groups who once occupied Northwestern and Central Europe and Scandinavia during antiquity and into the early Middle Ages.

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Germany

Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), is a country in Central Europe.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Germany

Grand Duchy of Berg

The Grand Duchy of Berg (Großherzogtum Berg), also known as the Grand Duchy of Berg and Cleves, was a territorial grand duchy established in 1806 by Napoleon after his victory at the Battle of Austerlitz (1805) on territories between the French Empire at the Rhine river and the German Kingdom of Westphalia.

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Grand Duchy of Oldenburg

The Grand Duchy of Oldenburg (also known as Holstein-Oldenburg) was a grand duchy within the German Confederation, North German Confederation and German Empire that consisted of three widely separated territories: Oldenburg, Eutin and Birkenfeld.

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Grave Digger (band)

Grave Digger is a German heavy metal band that was first formed in 1980 by Chris Boltendahl and Peter Masson.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Grave Digger (band)

H-Bahn

The H-Bahn (abbreviation for Hängebahn, German for 'hanging railway') in Dortmund and Düsseldorf (there known as "Sky train") is a driverless passenger suspension railway system.

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Hagen

Hagen is a city in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, on the southeastern edge of the Ruhr area, 15 km south of Dortmund, where the rivers Lenne and Volme meet the Ruhr.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Hagen

Hamm, North Rhine-Westphalia

Hamm (Latin: Hammona) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Hamm, North Rhine-Westphalia

Hannelore Kraft

Hannelore Kraft (née Külzhammer; born 12 June 1961) is a German politician.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Hannelore Kraft

Haus Lange and Haus Esters

Haus Lange and Haus Esters are two residential houses designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe in Krefeld, Germany, for German industrialists Hermann Lange and Josef Esters.

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Höxter

Höxter is a town in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany on the left bank of the river Weser, 52 km north of Kassel in the centre of the Weser Uplands.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Höxter

Höxter (district)

Höxter is a Kreis (district) in the east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Höxter (district)

Heavy metal music

Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom and United States.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Heavy metal music

Heinsberg (district)

Heinsberg is a Kreis (district) in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany with the town of Heinsberg as its capital.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Heinsberg (district)

Heinz Kühn

Heinz Kühn (18 February 1912 – 12 March 1992) was a German Social Democratic Party (SPD) politician and the 5th Minister President of North Rhine-Westphalia between 8 December 1966 and 20 September 1978.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Heinz Kühn

Hellenthal

Hellenthal is a municipality in the district of Euskirchen in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Hellenthal

Hendrik Wüst

Hendrik Josef Wüst (born 19 July 1975) is a German politician currently serving as Minister-President of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Hendrik Wüst

Herford (district)

Herford is a Kreis (district) in the northeastern part of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Herford (district)

Hermannsdenkmal

Aerial view of the Hermannsdenkmal The Hermannsdenkmal (German for "Hermann Memorial") is a monument located southwest of Detmold in the district of Lippe (North Rhine-Westphalia), in Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Hermannsdenkmal

Herne, North Rhine-Westphalia

Herne is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Herne, North Rhine-Westphalia

Hesse

Hesse or Hessia (Hessen), officially the State of Hesse (Land Hessen), is a state in Germany. North Rhine-Westphalia and Hesse are NUTS 1 statistical regions of the European Union and states of Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Hesse

Hidden champions

Hidden champions are relatively small but highly successful companies that are concealed behind a curtain of inconspicuousness, invisibility, and sometimes secrecy.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Hidden champions

Historical City Hall of Münster

The Historical City Hall of Münster (Rathaus Münster), located in the centre of Prinzipalmarkt 10, is a well-known and much-visited landmark of the city of Münster, alongside Münster Cathedral, with over 120,000 visitors recorded at the site in 2012.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Historical City Hall of Münster

History of North Rhine-Westphalia

North Rhine-Westphalia was established by the British military administration's "Operation Marriage" on 23 August 1946 by merging the Rhine Province with the Province of Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and History of North Rhine-Westphalia

Hochsauerlandkreis

Hochsauerlandkreis (meaning “High Sauerland District” in German) is a (district) in the east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Hochsauerlandkreis

Holy Moses

Holy Moses was a German thrash metal band active from 1980 to 1994 and from 2000 to 2023.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Holy Moses

Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity in Central and Western Europe, usually headed by the Holy Roman Emperor.

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Hotel Römischer Kaiser

The Hotel Römischer Kaiser (English: Roman Emperor Hotel) is a former hotel at Stresemanstraße 26 in the center of Düsseldorf, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, which has more recently been used as an office and commercial building.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Hotel Römischer Kaiser

Human Development Index

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistical composite index of life expectancy, education (mean years of schooling completed and expected years of schooling upon entering the education system), and per capita income indicators, which is used to rank countries into four tiers of human development.

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Human rights

Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, 13 December 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Human rights

Industrial heritage

Industrial heritage refers to the physical remains of the history of technology and industry, such as manufacturing and mining sites, as well as power and transportation infrastructure.

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International airport

An international airport is an airport with customs and border control facilities enabling passengers to travel between countries around the world.

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International propagation of Salafism

Starting in the mid-1970s and 1980s (and appearing to diminish after 2017), Salafism and Wahhabism — along with other Sunni interpretations of Islam favored by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and other Gulf monarchies — achieved a "preeminent position of strength in the global expression of Islam." The impetus for the international propagation of these interpretations of Islam through the Muslim world was, according to political scientist Alex Alexiev, "the largest worldwide propaganda campaign ever mounted", David A.

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Irreligion

Irreligion is the absence or rejection of religious beliefs or practices.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Irreligion

Irreligion in Germany

Irreligion is prevalent in Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Irreligion in Germany

Iserlohn Roosters

The Iserlohn Roosters are a professional ice hockey team based in Iserlohn, North Rhine-Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Iserlohn Roosters

Jürgen Rüttgers

Jürgen Rüttgers (born 26 June 1951) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) who served as the 9th Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia from 2005 to 2010.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Jürgen Rüttgers

Johannes Rau

Johannes Rau (16 January 193127 January 2006) was a German politician (SPD).

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Johannes Rau

Julius Caesar

Gaius Julius Caesar (12 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman.

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Kahler Asten

The Kahler Asten is an 841.9-metre-high mountain in the Rothaar range in the district of Hochsauerland, in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Kahler Asten

Karl Arnold

Karl Arnold (21 March 1901 – 29 June 1958) was a German politician.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Karl Arnold

Kölner Haie

The Kölner Haie (English: Cologne Sharks) are an ice hockey club based in Cologne, Germany, that plays in the professional Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL).

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Kölner Haie

Kölsch (beer)

Kölsch is a style of beer originating in Cologne (Köln), Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Kölsch (beer)

Kingdom of Hanover

The Kingdom of Hanover (Königreich Hannover) was established in October 1814 by the Congress of Vienna, with the restoration of George III to his Hanoverian territories after the Napoleonic era.

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Kingdom of Prussia

The Kingdom of Prussia (Königreich Preußen) constituted the German state of Prussia between 1701 and 1918.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Kingdom of Prussia

Kingdom of Westphalia

The Kingdom of Westphalia was a client state of France in present-day Germany that existed from 1807 to 1813.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Kingdom of Westphalia

Kleve (district)

Kleve (Cleves in English use) or Kreis Kleve is a Kreis (local-government district) in the Lower Rhine region of northwestern North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Kleve (district)

Konrad Adenauer

Konrad Hermann Joseph Adenauer (5 January 1876 – 19 April 1967) was a German statesman who served as the first chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany from 1949 to 1963.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Konrad Adenauer

Kraftwerk

Kraftwerk ("power plant") are a German electronic band formed in Düsseldorf in 1970 by Ralf Hütter and Florian Schneider.

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Kranenburg, North Rhine-Westphalia

Kranenburg is a town and municipality in the district of Cleves in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Kranenburg, North Rhine-Westphalia

Kreator

Kreator is a German thrash metal band from Essen, formed in 1982.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Kreator

Krefeld

Krefeld (Krieëvel), also spelled Crefeld until 1925 (though the spelling was still being used in British papers throughout the Second World War), is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Krefeld

Krefeld Pinguine

The Krefeld Pinguine (Krefeld Penguins) are an ice hockey team in the DEL2.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Krefeld Pinguine

Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen

The Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen is the art collection of the German Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia, in Düsseldorf.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen

Kunststiftung NRW

Kunststiftung NRW (Art Foundation NRW) is a foundation created by the government of the German state North Rhine-Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Kunststiftung NRW

Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia

The Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia is the state parliament (Landtag) of the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia, which convenes in the state capital of Düsseldorf, in the eastern part of the district of Hafen.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia

Langen Foundation

Langen Foundation near Neuss, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany is a museum designed by Japanese architect Tadao Ando.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Langen Foundation

Langenberg (Rothaar)

The Langenberg rises on the state border between North Rhine-Westphalia and Hesse in Germany and, at, is the highest peak in the Rothaar mountain range, as well as the highest point in the North Rhine-Westphalia and also in the north of Germany outside the Harz Mountains.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Langenberg (Rothaar)

Lünen

Lünen is a town with around 86,000 inhabitants in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Lünen

Left Bank of the Rhine

The Left Bank of the Rhine (Linkes Rheinufer, Rive gauche du Rhin) was the region north of Lauterbourg that is now in western Germany and was conquered during the War of the First Coalition and annexed by the First French Republic.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Left Bank of the Rhine

Lemgo

Lemgo (Lemge, Lemje) is a University and Old Hanseatic town in the Lippe district of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Lemgo

Leverkusen

Leverkusen is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, on the eastern bank of the Rhine.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Leverkusen

Lied für NRW

Lied für NRW or Hier an Rhein und Ruhr und in Westfalen is, since the 60th anniversary celebrations of North Rhine-Westphalia, a non-official regional anthem of this German Bundesland.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Lied für NRW

Limburg (Netherlands)

Limburg, also known as Dutch Limburg, is the southernmost of the twelve provinces of the Netherlands.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Limburg (Netherlands)

Lippe (district)

Lippe is a Kreis (district) in the east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Lippe (district)

Lippe (river)

The Lippe is a river in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Lippe (river)

List of cities in Germany by population

As defined by the German Federal Institute for Research on Building, Urban Affairs and Spatial Development, a Großstadt (large city) is a city with more than 100,000 inhabitants.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and List of cities in Germany by population

List of German states by GRDP

This article is about the gross regional domestic product (GRDP) of German states.

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List of German states by GRP per capita

The gross regional product (GRP) per capita of the German states is given in this article in nominal values, shown in euros.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and List of German states by GRP per capita

List of German states by Human Development Index

This is a list of German states by Human Development Index (HDI) as of 2021.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and List of German states by Human Development Index

List of lakes of North Rhine-Westphalia

Lakes in the North Rhine-Westphalia state of Germany are.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and List of lakes of North Rhine-Westphalia

List of regional railway lines in North Rhine-Westphalia

The List of regional rail lines in North Rhine-Westphalia provides a list of all Regional-Express and Regionalbahn railway lines in North Rhine-Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and List of regional railway lines in North Rhine-Westphalia

List of rivers of North Rhine-Westphalia

A list of rivers of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and List of rivers of North Rhine-Westphalia

Lorraine

Lorraine, also,,; Lorrain: Louréne; Lorraine Franconian: Lottringe; Lothringen; Loutrengen; Lotharingen is a cultural and historical region in Northeastern France, now located in the administrative region of Grand Est.

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Lotharingia

Lotharingia was a medieval successor kingdom of the Carolingian Empire.

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Lower Lotharingia

The Duchy of Lower Lotharingia, also called Northern Lotharingia, Lower Lorraine or Northern Lorraine (and also referred to as Lothier or Lottier in titles), was a stem duchy established in 959, of the medieval Kingdom of Germany, which encompassed almost all of modern Belgium, Luxemburg, the northern part of the German Rhineland province and the eastern parts of France's Nord-Pas de Calais region, it also include almost all of modern Netherlands (the region of Frisia and the rest of the Netherlands was loosely associated with the duchy but duke exercised no de facto control over the territory).

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Lower Rhine

Lower Rhine (Niederrhein,; kilometres 660 to 1,033 of the Rhine) refers to the section of the Rhine between Bonn in Germany and the North Sea at Hook of Holland in the Netherlands, including the Nederrijn (Nether Rhine) within the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta; alternatively, Lower Rhine may also refer to just the part upstream of Pannerdens Kop (km 660–865.5), excluding the Nederrijn.

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Lower Rhine region

The Lower Rhine region or Niederrhein is a region around the Lower Rhine section of the river Rhine in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, between approximately Oberhausen and Krefeld in the East and the Dutch border around Kleve in the West.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Rhine region

Lower Saxony

Lower Saxony is a German state in northwestern Germany. North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony are 1946 establishments in Germany, NUTS 1 statistical regions of the European Union, states and territories established in 1946 and states of Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony

Ludwig van Beethoven

Ludwig van Beethoven (baptised 17 December 177026 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Ludwig van Beethoven

Lutheranism

Lutheranism is a major branch of Protestantism that identifies primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practices of the Catholic Church ended the Middle Ages and, in 1517, launched the Reformation.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Lutheranism

Malmedy

Malmedy (Malmedy, historically also label; Måmdiy) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Liège, Belgium. On January 1, 2018, Malmedy had a total population of 12,654. The total area is 99.96 km2 which gives a population density of 127 inhabitants per km2. The municipality consists of the following districts: Bellevaux-Ligneuville, Bévercé (including the hamlets of Baugnez and Xhoffraix), and Malmedy.

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MARTa Herford

MARTa Herford is a contemporary art museum in Herford, Germany.

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Märkischer Kreis

The Märkischer Kreis is a district (Kreis) in central North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Märkischer Kreis

Mülheim

Mülheim, officially Mülheim an der Ruhr (Mölm; Müllem) and also described as "City on the River", is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany.

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Münster

Münster (Mönster) is an independent city (Kreisfreie Stadt) in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Münster (region)

Münster is one of the five Regierungsbezirke of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, located in the north of the state, and named after the capital city of Münster.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Münster (region)

Münster Osnabrück Airport

Münster Osnabrück Airport, formerly Münster/Osnabrück International Airport and Flughafen Münster/Osnabrück in German, is a minor international airport in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Münster Osnabrück Airport

Merovingian dynasty

The Merovingian dynasty was the ruling family of the Franks from around the middle of the 5th century until 751.

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Metropolitan area

A metropolitan area or metro is a region consisting of a densely populated urban agglomeration and its surrounding territories which are sharing industries, commercial areas, transport network, infrastructures and housing.

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Metropolitan regions in Germany

There are eleven metropolitan regions in Germany consisting of the country's most densely populated cities and their catchment areas.

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Mettmann (district)

Mettmann is a Kreis (district) in the middle of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Mettmann (district)

Middle Rhine

Middle Rhine (Mittelrhein,; kilometres 529 to 660 of the Rhine) is the section of the Rhine between Bingen and Bonn in Germany.

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Minden-Lübbecke

Minden-Lübbecke is a Kreis (district) in the northeastern part of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Minden-Lübbecke

Minden-Ravensberg

Minden-Ravensberg was a Prussian administrative unit consisting of the Principality of Minden and the County of Ravensberg from 1719–1807.

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Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia

The Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia (Ministerpräsident des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen), also referred to as Premier or Prime Minister, is the head of government of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW).

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia

Mittelrhein (wine region)

Mittelrhein (or Middle Rhine) is a region (Anbaugebiet) for quality wine in Germany,, read on January 2, 2008 and is located along a 120 km stretch of river Rhine in the tourist portions of the Rhine region known as Middle Rhine.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Mittelrhein (wine region)

Mixed-member proportional representation

Mixed-member proportional representation (MMP or MMPR) is a mixed electoral system which combines local majoritarian elections with a compensatory tier of party list votes, which are used to allocate additional members in a way that aims to produce proportional representation overall.

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Moers

Moers (older form: Mörs; Dutch: Murse, Murs or Meurs) is a German city on the western bank of the Rhine, close to Duisburg.

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Monschau

Monschau (Montjoie,; Mondjoye) is a small resort town in the Eifel region of western Germany, located in the Aachen district of North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Moselle

The Moselle (Mosel; Musel) is a river that rises in the Vosges mountains and flows through north-eastern France and Luxembourg to western Germany.

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MSV Duisburg

Meidericher Spielverein 02 e. V. Duisburg, commonly known as simply MSV Duisburg, is a German association football club based in Duisburg, North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Munich

Munich (München) is the capital and most populous city of the Free State of Bavaria, Germany.

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Munich Airport

Munich Airport Franz Josef Strauss (Flughafen München „Franz Josef Strauß“) is an international airport serving Munich and Upper Bavaria.

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Napoleon

Napoleon Bonaparte (born Napoleone di Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military and political leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led a series of successful campaigns across Europe during the Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars from 1796 to 1815.

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Netherlands

The Netherlands, informally Holland, is a country located in Northwestern Europe with overseas territories in the Caribbean.

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Neuer Zollhof

Neuer Zollhof or Der Neue Zollhof (The New Zollhof, named after a former customs facility), located at Neuer Zollhof 2-6, Unterbilk, is a prominent landmark of Düsseldorf-Hafen, part of the redeveloped port of Düsseldorf, Germany.

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Neuss

Neuss (written Neuß until 1968; Nüss; Novaesium) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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New states of Germany

The new states of Germany (die neuen Länder / die neuen Bundesländer) are the five re-established states of the former German Democratic Republic (GDR) that unified with the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) with its 10 "old states" upon German reunification on 3 October 1990.

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Niederzier

Niederzier is a municipality in the district of Düren in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Nordkirchen Castle

Schloss Nordkirchen is a palace situated in the town of Nordkirchen in the Coesfeld administrative district in the state of North Rhine Westphalia, Germany.

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North German Plain

The North German Plain or Northern Lowland (Norddeutsches Tiefland) is one of the major geographical regions of Germany.

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North Rhine

The Province of North Rhine (Provinz Nordrhein), also called North Rhine Province (Nordrhein-Provinz or Nord-Rheinprovinz), was a short-lived administrative region in the British occupation zone of Germany.

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North Rhine-Westphalia

North Rhine-Westphalia or North-Rhine/Westphalia, commonly shortened to NRW, is a state (Land) in Western Germany. With more than 18 million inhabitants, it is the most populous state in Germany. Apart from the city-states, it is also the most densely populated state in Germany. Covering an area of, it is the fourth-largest German state by size. North Rhine-Westphalia and North Rhine-Westphalia are 1946 establishments in Germany, NUTS 1 statistical regions of the European Union, states and territories established in 1946 and states of Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and North Rhine-Westphalia

NRW Forum

The NRW Forum Wirtschaft und Kultur (Forum NRW), formerly the Museum für Industrie und Wirtschaft, is a museum in Düsseldorf, the state capital of North Rhine-Westphalia, dealing with the development and the economy of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia or regions within it, such as the Rhine-Ruhr-region.

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Oberbergischer Kreis

The Oberbergischer Kreis is a Kreis (district) in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Oberbergischer Kreis

Oberhausen

Oberhausen is a city on the river Emscher in the Ruhr Area, Germany, located between Duisburg and Essen. The city hosts the International Short Film Festival Oberhausen and its Gasometer Oberhausen is an anchor point of the European Route of Industrial Heritage.

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Old states of Germany

The old states of Germany (die alten Länder) is a jargon referring to the ten of the sixteen states of the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) that were part of West Germany and that unified with the eastern German Democratic Republic's 5 states, which are given the contrasting term new states of Germany.

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Olpe (district)

Olpe is a Kreis (district) in the south-east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Olpe (district)

Osnabrück

Osnabrück (Ossenbrügge; archaic Osnaburg) is a city in Lower Saxony in western Germany.

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Otto the Great

Otto I (23 November 912 – 7 May 973), traditionally known as Otto the Great (Otto der Große Ottone il Grande), or Otto of Saxony (Otto von Sachsen Ottone di Sassonia), was East Frankish king from 936 and Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973.

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Ottonian dynasty

The Ottonian dynasty (Ottonen) was a Saxon dynasty of German monarchs (919–1024), named after three of its kings and Holy Roman Emperors named Otto, especially its first Emperor Otto I. It is also known as the Saxon dynasty after the family's origin in the German stem duchy of Saxony.

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Outline of Germany

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Germany: Germany – federal parliamentary republic in Western-Central Europe consisting of 16 constituent states (Bundesland), which retain limited sovereignty.

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Overijssel

Overijssel (Oaveriessel; Oberyssel) is a province of the Netherlands located in the eastern part of the country.

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Pader (river)

The Pader is a river in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, left tributary of the Lippe.

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Paderborn

Paderborn (Westphalian: Patterbuorn, also Paterboärn) is a city in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, capital of the Paderborn district.

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Paderborn (district)

Paderborn is a Kreis (district) in the east of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Paderborn (district)

Paderborn Baskets

Paderborn Baskets 91 e.V., for sponsorship reasons named Gartenzaun24 Baskets Paderborn, is a basketball club based in Paderborn, Germany.

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Paderborn Cathedral

Paderborn Cathedral (Paderborner Dom) is the cathedral of the Catholic Archdiocese of Paderborn.

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Paderborn Lippstadt Airport

Paderborn Lippstadt Airport (German: Flughafen Paderborn Lippstadt) is a minor international airport in the Ostwestfalen-Lippe area in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Paris

Paris is the capital and largest city of France.

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Parliament

In modern politics, and history, a parliament is a legislative body of government.

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Peace of Westphalia

The Peace of Westphalia (Westfälischer Friede) is the collective name for two peace treaties signed in October 1648 in the Westphalian cities of Osnabrück and Münster.

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Peer Steinbrück

Peer Steinbrück (born 10 January 1947) is a German politician who was the Chancellor-candidate of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) in the 2013 federal election.

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Phoenix Hagen

Phoenix Hagen is a German professional basketball club that is based in Hagen, Germany.

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Porta Westfalica (gorge)

Weser watershed The Porta Westfalica (German pronunciation: ˈpɔʁta vɛstˈfaːlɪka), also known as the Westphalian Gap, is a gorge and water gap where the Weser river breaks through the passage between the mountain chains of the Wiehen Hills in the west and the Weser Hills (part of the Weser Uplands) in the east.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Porta Westfalica (gorge)

Prince-Bishopric of Paderborn

The Prince-Bishopric of Paderborn (Fürstbistum Paderborn; Hochstift Paderborn) was an ecclesiastical principality (Hochstift) of the Holy Roman Empire from 1281 to 1802.

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Princely Abbey of Corvey

The Princely Abbey of Corvey (Fürststift Corvey or Fürstabtei Corvey) is a former Benedictine abbey and ecclesiastical principality now in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Province of Westphalia

The Province of Westphalia was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1815 to 1946.

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Prussia

Prussia (Preußen; Old Prussian: Prūsa or Prūsija) was a German state located on most of the North European Plain, also occupying southern and eastern regions.

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Prussian Army

The Royal Prussian Army (1701–1919, Königlich Preußische Armee) served as the army of the Kingdom of Prussia.

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Prussian Guelders

Prussian Guelders or Prussian G(u)elderland (Pruisisch Gelre; Preußisch Geldern) was the part of the Duchy of Guelders ruled by the Kingdom of Prussia from 1713.

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Rage (German band)

Rage is a German heavy metal band formed in 1984 by Peter "Peavy" Wagner.

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Rahden

Rahden is a town in the far north of North Rhine-Westphalia between Bielefeld and Bremen and between Hanover and Osnabrück.

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Randstad

The Randstad ("Rim City" or "Edge City") is a roughly crescent- or arc-shaped conurbation in the Netherlands, that houses almost half the country's population.

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Recklinghausen (district)

Recklinghausen is a Kreis (district) in the centre of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Recklinghausen (district)

Referendum

A referendum (referendums or less commonly referenda) is a direct vote by the electorate on a proposal, law, or political issue.

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Reformation

The Reformation, also known as the Protestant Reformation and the European Reformation, was a major theological movement in Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the papacy and the authority of the Catholic Church.

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Regierungsbezirk

A Regierungsbezirk means "governmental district" and is a type of administrative division in Germany.

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Regional-Express

In Germany, Luxembourg and Austria, the Regional-Express (RE, or in Austria: REX) is a type of regional train.

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Regionalbahn

The Regionalbahn (lit. Regional train; abbreviated RB) is a type of local passenger train (stopping train) in Germany.

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Remscheid

Remscheid is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Representative democracy

Representative democracy (also called electoral democracy or indirect democracy) is a type of democracy where representatives are elected by the public.

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Rhein-Erft-Kreis

The Rhein-Erft-Kreis (Rhing-Ärff-Kries) is a district in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhein-Erft-Kreis

Rhein-Kreis Neuss

Neuss is a Kreis (district) in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhein-Kreis Neuss

Rhein-Sieg-Kreis

The Rhein-Sieg-Kreis (Rhein-Siech-Kreis) is a Kreis (district) in the south of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Rheinisch-Bergischer Kreis

The Rheinisch-Bergische Kreis is a Kreis (district) in the Cologne Bonn Region of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Rheinische Post

Rheinische Post is a major German regional daily newspaper published since 1946 by the Rheinische Post Verlagsgesellschaft GmbH company, and headquartered in Düsseldorf. North Rhine-Westphalia and Rheinische Post are 1946 establishments in Germany.

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Rhenish Republic

The Rhenish Republic (Rheinische Republik) was proclaimed at Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle) in October 1923 during the occupation of the Ruhr by troops from France and Belgium (January 19231925) and subjected itself to French protectorate.

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Rhine

--> The Rhine is one of the major European rivers.

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Rhine Province

The Rhine Province (Rheinprovinz), also known as Rhenish Prussia (Rheinpreußen) or synonymous with the Rhineland (Rheinland), was the westernmost province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia, within the German Reich, from 1822 to 1945.

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Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region

The Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region (Metropolregion Rhein-Ruhr) is the largest metropolitan region in Germany, with over ten million inhabitants.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region

Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn

The Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn (S-Bahn Rhein-Ruhr) is a polycentric and electrically driven S-bahn network covering the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Region in the German federated state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Rhine-Ruhr Stadtbahn

The Rhine-Ruhr Stadtbahn (Stadtbahn Rhein-Ruhr) is an umbrella system of all of the Stadtbahn (light rail) lines included in the integrated public transport network of the Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr (VRR), which covers the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan area in western Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhine-Ruhr Stadtbahn

Rhine–Herne Canal

The Rhine–Herne Canal (Rhein-Herne-Kanal) is a transportation canal in the Ruhr area of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, with five canal locks.

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Rhineland

The Rhineland (Rheinland; Rhénanie; Rijnland; Rhingland; Latinised name: Rhenania) is a loosely defined area of Western Germany along the Rhine, chiefly its middle section.

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Rhineland-Palatinate

Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz; Rheinland-Pfalz; Rhoilond-Palz) is a western state of Germany. North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhineland-Palatinate are 1946 establishments in Germany, NUTS 1 statistical regions of the European Union, states and territories established in 1946 and states of Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Rhineland-Palatinate

Ripuarian Franks

Ripuarian or Rhineland Franks (Latin: Ripuarii or Ribuarii) were one of the two main groupings of early Frankish people, and specifically it was the name eventually applied to the tribes who settled in the old Roman territory of the Ubii, with its capital at Cologne on the Rhine river in modern Germany.

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Rot-Weiß Oberhausen

Rot-Weiß Oberhausen is a German association football club in Oberhausen, North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Rot-Weiss Essen

Rot-Weiss Essen is a German association football club based in Essen, North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Rothaar Mountains

The Rothaar Mountains (Rothaargebirge,, also Rotlagergebirge), or Rothaar, is a low mountain range reaching heights of up to 843.1 m in North Rhine-Westphalia and Hesse, Germany.

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Rudolf Amelunxen

Rudolf Amelunxen (30 June 1888 – 21 April 1969) was a German politician of the Zentrum and the 1st Minister President of North Rhine-Westphalia between 23 August 1946 and 17 June 1947.

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Ruhr

The Ruhr (Ruhrgebiet, also Ruhrpott), also referred to as the Ruhr area, sometimes Ruhr district, Ruhr region, or Ruhr valley, is a polycentric urban area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Ruhr

Ruhr (river)

The Ruhr is a river in western Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia), a right tributary (east-side) of the Rhine.

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Ruhrtriennale

The Ruhrtriennale (compound of Ruhr and triennale "lasting 3 years"), also known as Ruhr Triennale, was founded in 2002 and is a music and arts festival in the Ruhr-area of Germany which runs between mid-August and mid-October, and happens in three-year cycles.

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Rule of law

The rule of law is a political ideal that all citizens and institutions within a country, state, or community are accountable to the same laws, including lawmakers and leaders.

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RWTH Aachen University

RWTH Aachen University, in German Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen, is a German public research university located in Aachen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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S-Bahn

The S-Bahn is a hybrid urban-suburban rail system serving a metropolitan region predominantly in German-speaking countries.

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Salafi movement

The Salafi movement or Salafism is a revival movement within Sunni Islam, which was formed as a socio-religious movement during the late 19th century and has remained influential in the Islamic world for over a century.

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Sauerland

The Sauerland is a rural, hilly area spreading across most of the south-eastern part of North Rhine-Westphalia, in parts heavily forested and, apart from the major valleys, sparsely inhabited.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Sauerland

Saxon Steed

The Saxon Steed (Sachsenross, Niedersachsenross, Welfenross, Westfalenpferd;; Low Saxon: Witte Peerd) is a heraldic motif associated with the German provinces of Lower Saxony and Westphalia, and the Dutch region of Twente.

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Saxon Wars

The Saxon Wars were the campaigns and insurrections of the thirty-three years from 772, when Charlemagne first entered Saxony with the intent to conquer, to 804, when the last rebellion of tribesmen was defeated.

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Saxons

The Saxons, sometimes called the Old Saxons, were the Germanic people of "Old" Saxony (Antiqua Saxonia) which became a Carolingian "stem duchy" in 804, in what is now northern Germany.

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SC Paderborn 07

Sport-Club Paderborn 07 e.V., commonly known as simply SC Paderborn 07 or SC Paderborn, is a German association football club based in Paderborn, North Rhine-Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and SC Paderborn 07

SC Preußen Münster

SC Preußen Münster (English: Prussia Münster) is a German sports club based in Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia which is mostly recognised for its football section.

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SC Verl

SC Verl is a German association football club based in Verl, North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Scanner (band)

Scanner is a German power metal band that was formed in 1986.

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Seat of government

The seat of government is (as defined by Brewer's Politics) "the building, complex of buildings or the city from which a government exercises its authority".

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Seat of government

Second Wüst cabinet

The second Wüst cabinet is the current state government of North Rhine-Westphalia, sworn in on 29 June 2022 after Hendrik Wüst was elected as Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia by the members of the Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Second Wüst cabinet

Selfkant

Selfkant (Selfkant or Zelfkant; Limburgish: Zelfkantj) is a municipality in the Heinsberg district, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Selfkant

Sicambri

The Sicambri, also known as the Sugambri or Sicambrians, were a Germanic people who during Roman times lived on the east bank of the river Rhine, in what is now Germany, near the border with the Netherlands.

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Siebengebirge

The italics(), occasionally Sieben Mountains or Seven Mountains, are a hill range of the German Central Uplands on the east bank of the Middle Rhine, southeast of Bonn.

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Siegburg

Siegburg (i.e. fort on the Sieg river; Ripuarian: Sieburch) is a city in the district of Rhein-Sieg-Kreis in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Siegburg

Siegen-Wittgenstein

Siegen-Wittgenstein is a Kreis (district) in the southeast of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Siegerland

The Siegerland is a region of Germany covering the old district of Siegen (now part of the district of Siegen-Wittgenstein in North Rhine-Westphalia) and the upper part of the district of Altenkirchen, belonging to the Rhineland-Palatinate adjoining it to the west.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Siegerland

Social Democratic Party of Germany

The Social Democratic Party of Germany (Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands,; SPD) is a social democratic political party in Germany.

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Sodom (band)

Sodom is a German thrash metal band from Gelsenkirchen, formed in 1981.

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Soest (district)

Soest is a Kreis (district) in the middle of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Solingen

Solingen (Solich) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Speed metal

Speed metal is a subgenre of heavy metal music that originated in the late 1970s from new wave of British heavy metal (NWOBHM) roots.

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St. Reinold's Church, Dortmund

The Lutheran Protestant Church of St.

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Stadtbahn

Stadtbahn (German for 'city railway'; plural Stadtbahnen) is a German word referring to various types of urban rail transport.

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State flag

In vexillology, a state flag is either the flag of the government of a sovereign state, or the flag of an individual federated state (subnational administrative division).

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States of Germany

The Federal Republic of Germany, as a federal state, consists of sixteen states. North Rhine-Westphalia and states of Germany are NUTS 1 statistical regions of the European Union.

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Steinfurt (district)

Steinfurt is a Kreis (district) in the northern part of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Stemweder Berg

The Stemweder Berg (also known as the Stemmer Berge) is a ridge above sea levelHeight according to on the border of North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony in Germany.

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Telekom Baskets Bonn

Telekom Baskets Bonn, also known as Baskets Bonn, is a German professional basketball club that is based in Bonn, Germany.

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Tencteri

The Tencteri or Tenchteri or Tenctheri (in Plutarch's Greek, Tenteritē and possibly the same as the Tenkeroi mentioned by Claudius Ptolemy if these were not the Tungri) were an ancient tribe, who moved into the area on the right bank (the northern or eastern bank) of the lower Rhine in the 1st century BC.

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Teutoburg Forest

The Teutoburg Forest (Teutoburger Wald) is a range of low, forested hills in the German states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Thirty Years' War

The Thirty Years' War, from 1618 to 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history.

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Thrash metal

Thrash metal (or simply thrash) is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music characterized by its overall aggression and fast tempo.

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Tram

A tram (also known as a streetcar or trolley in the United States and Canada) is a type of urban rail transit consisting of either individual railcars or self-propelled multiple unit trains that run on tramway tracks on urban public streets; some include segments on segregated right-of-way.

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Treaties of Tilsit

The Treaties of Tilsit, also collectively known as the Peace of Tilsit, were two peace treaties signed by French Emperor Napoleon in the town of Tilsit in July 1807 in the aftermath of his victory at Friedland, at the end of the War of the Fourth Coalition.

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Treaty of Verdun

The Treaty of Verdun, agreed in, divided the Frankish Empire into three kingdoms between Lothair I, Louis II and Charles II, the surviving sons of the emperor Louis I, the son and successor of Charlemagne.

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Trolleybus

A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tramin the 1910s and 1920sJoyce, J.; King, J. S.; and Newman, A. G. (1986). British Trolleybus Systems, pp. 9, 12. London: Ian Allan Publishing..or trolleyDunbar, Charles S. (1967). Buses, Trolleys & Trams. Paul Hamlyn Ltd.

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Ubii

The Ubii around AD 30 The Ubii were a Germanic tribe first encountered dwelling on the east bank of the Rhine in the time of Julius Caesar, who formed an alliance with them in 55 BC in order to launch attacks across the river.

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Uni Baskets Münster

Uni Baskets Münster is a professional basketball club based in Münster, Germany.

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University of Cologne

The University of Cologne (Universität zu Köln) is a university in Cologne, Germany.

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University of Duisburg-Essen

The University of Duisburg-Essen (Universität Duisburg-Essen) is a public research university in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Unna (district)

The Unna district is a Kreis (district) in central North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Urban area

An urban area is a human settlement with a high population density and an infrastructure of built environment.

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Usipetes

The Usipetes or Usipii (in Plutarch's Greek, Ousipai, and possibly the same as the Ouispoi of Ptolemy) were an ancient tribe who moved into the area on the right bank (the northern or eastern bank) of the lower Rhine in the first century BC, putting them in contact with Gaul and the Roman empire.

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Vassal state

A vassal state is any state that has a mutual obligation to a superior state or empire, in a status similar to that of a vassal in the feudal system in medieval Europe.

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Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr

The Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Ruhr, abbreviated VRR, is a public transport association (Verkehrsverbund) in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Sieg

The Verkehrsverbund Rhein-Sieg (Rhine-Sieg Transport Association; VRS) is the public transport association covering the area of the Cologne/Bonn Region, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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VfL AstroStars Bochum

VfL AstroStars Bochum, for sponsorship reasons named VfL SparkassenStars Bochum, is a professional basketball club based in Bochum, Germany.

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VfL Bochum

Verein für Leibesübungen Bochum 1848 Fußballgemeinschaft, commonly referred to as VfL Bochum, is a German professional association football club based in the city of Bochum, North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Vienna

Vienna (Wien; Austro-Bavarian) is the capital, most populous city, and one of nine federal states of Austria.

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Viersen (district)

Viersen is a Kreis (district) in the west of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Wallonia

Wallonia (Wallonie), officially the Walloon Region (Région wallonne), is one of the three regions of Belgium—along with Flanders and Brussels. North Rhine-Westphalia and Wallonia are NUTS 1 statistical regions of the European Union.

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War of the Limburg Succession

The War of the Limburg Succession was a conflict between 1283 and 1289 for the succession in the Duchy of Limburg.

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Warburg

Warburg (Westphalian: Warberich or Warborg) is a town in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia, central Germany on the river Diemel near the three-state point shared by Hessen, Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Warendorf (district)

Warendorf is a Kreis (district) in the northern part of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Warlock (band)

Warlock was a German heavy metal band founded in 1982 in Düsseldorf by members of the underground bands Snakebite and Beast.

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Weeze Airport

Weeze Airport, less commonly known as Niederrhein Airport, is a minor international airport in the Lower Rhine region of Germany.

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Wesel (district)

Wesel is a Kreis (district) in the northwestern part of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Wesel–Datteln Canal

The Wesel–Datteln Canal (Wesel-Datteln-Kanal) is a long canal in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Weser

The Weser is a river of Lower Saxony in north-west Germany.

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Weser Uplands

The Weser Uplands (German: Weserbergland) is a hill region in Germany, between Hannoversch Münden and Porta Westfalica, along the river Weser.

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Wesergebirge

The Weser Hills (Wesergebirge), also known in German as the Weserkette ("Weser Chain"), form a low hill chain, up to, in the Weser Uplands in the German states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony.

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West Germany

West Germany is the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) from its formation on 23 May 1949 until the reunification with East Germany on 3 October 1990. The Cold War-era country is sometimes known as the Bonn Republic (Bonner Republik) after its capital city of Bonn. During the Cold War, the western portion of Germany and the associated territory of West Berlin were parts of the Western Bloc.

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Westphalia

Westphalia (Westfalen; Westfalen) is a region of northwestern Germany and one of the three historic parts of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Westphalia

Westphalian Lowland

The Westphalian Lowland, also known as the Westphalian Basin is a flat landscape that mainly lies within the German region of Westphalia, although small areas also fall within North Rhine (in the extreme southwest) and in Lower Saxony (on the northern periphery).

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Westphalian system

The Westphalian system, also known as Westphalian sovereignty, is a principle in international law that each state has exclusive sovereignty over its territory.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Westphalian system

Widukind

Widukind, also known as Wittekind and Wittikund, was a leader of the Saxons and the chief opponent of the Frankish king Charlemagne during the Saxon Wars from 777 to 785.

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Wiehen Hills

The Wiehen Hills (Wiehengebirge,, also locally, just Wiehen) are a hill range in North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony in Germany.

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Wirtschaftswunder

The Wirtschaftswunder ("economic miracle"), also known as the Miracle on the Rhine, was the rapid reconstruction and development of the economies of West Germany and Austria after World War II (due to both the Marshall Plan and both governments adopting an ordoliberalism-based social market economy).

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Witten

Witten is a city with almost 100,000 inhabitants in the Ennepe-Ruhr-Kreis (district) in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Wolfgang Clement

Wolfgang Clement (7 July 194027 September 2020) was a German politician and a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD).

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World Heritage Site

World Heritage Sites are landmarks and areas with legal protection by an international convention administered by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, or scientific significance.

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World War II

World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.

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Wuppertal

Wuppertal ("Wupper Dale") is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, with a population of 355,000.

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Wuppertal Schwebebahn

The Wuppertaler Schwebebahn (Wuppertal Suspension Railway) is a suspension railway in Wuppertal, Germany.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and Wuppertal Schwebebahn

Zollern II/IV Colliery

The Zeche Zollern II/IV (translated: Zollern II/IV Colliery) is located in the northwestern suburb of Bövinghausen of Dortmund, Germany.

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Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex

The Zollverein Coal Mine Industrial Complex (German Zeche Zollverein) is a large former industrial site in the city of Essen, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Zurich

Zurich (Zürich) is the largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich.

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1. FC Köln

1.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and 1. FC Köln

2. Basketball Bundesliga

The 2.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and 2. Basketball Bundesliga

2. Bundesliga

The 2.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and 2. Bundesliga

3. Liga

The 3.

See North Rhine-Westphalia and 3. Liga

See also

States and territories established in 1946

• Cabinet of the State of East Indonesia
• Chisquilla District
• Colony of Singapore
• Corosha District
• Crown Colony of North Borneo
• Crown Colony of Penang
• Crown Colony of Sarawak
• Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
• Fourth Brazilian Republic
• French Fourth Republic
• French Guiana
• French Union
• Great Dayak
• Jiaonan
• Jordan
• Kaliningrad Oblast
• Kraków Voivodeship (1945–1975)
• Krasnoznamensky District
• Lower Saxony
• Malayan Union
• Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
• Montagnard country of South Indochina
• North Rhine-Westphalia
• People's Republic of Bulgaria
• People's Socialist Republic of Albania
• Philippines
• Polessky District
• Réunion
• Regierungsbezirk Montabaur
• Republic of Mahabad
• Rhineland-Palatinate
• Saint Pierre and Miquelon
• Schleswig-Holstein
• Second Hungarian Republic
• Second Syrian Republic
• Spanish West Africa
• State of East Indonesia
• State of Hanover
• Syria
• Szczecin County
• Szczecin Voivodeship (1946–1975)
• Tainan County
• United Nations trust territories
• Zakarpattia Oblast

States of Germany

• Baden-Württemberg
• Bavaria
• Berlin
• Brandenburg
• Bremen (state)
• Equalization Payments in Germany
• Hamburg
• Hesse
• List of tallest buildings by German federal state
• Lower Saxony
• Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
• North Rhine-Westphalia
• Rhineland-Palatinate
• Saarland
• Saxony
• Saxony-Anhalt
• Schleswig-Holstein
• States of Germany
• Thuringia

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Rhine-Westphalia

Also known as Culture of North Rhine-Westphalia, Demographics of North Rhine-Westphalia, ISO 3166-2:DE-NW, Landschaftsverband, Landschaftsverbände, NRW, Nord Rhein Westphalia, Nordrhein Westfalen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Nordrhein-Westfalen State, Germany, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany, Nordrhein-Westphalia, Nordrheinwestfalen, North Rhine - Westphalia, North Rhine Westphalia, North Rhine-Westfalia, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, North-Rhine Westphalia, North-Rhine-Westphalia, North-Rhine-Westphalian, Northern Rhine Westphalia, Northern Rhine-Westphalia, Northrhine-Westfalia, Northrhine-Westphalia, State of North Rhine-Westphalia.

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