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Ku Klux Klan

Index Ku Klux Klan

The Ku Klux Klan, commonly called the KKK or simply the Klan, refers to three distinct secret movements at different points in time in the history of the United States. [1]

394 relations: Adultery, Affirmative action, African Americans, Al Smith, Alabama, Alabama River, All-white jury, Alton Milford Young, American Civil Liberties Union, American Civil War, American Jews, American Nazi Party, Amos T. Akerman, Anaheim, California, Ancestry.com, Andover Township, New Jersey, Anti-Catholicism, Anti-Catholicism in the United States, Anti-communism, Anti-Defamation League, Anti-Europeanism, Anti-mask laws, Antisemitism, Arkansas, Arthur Hornbui Bell, Atlanta, Australia, Australia First Party, Battle of Hayes Pond, BBC Online, Benjamin Butler, Benjamin Harvey Hill, Bennettsville, South Carolina, Bibb Graves, Bidding stick, Bill O'Reilly (political commentator), Birmingham, Alabama, Black Legion (political movement), Black people, Black separatism, Blount County, Alabama, Bobby Frank Cherry, Bogalusa, Louisiana, Bombingham, Bray v. Alexandria Women's Health Clinic, Brazil, Brownsville, Tennessee, Buffalo History Museum, Bull Connor, Bulletin board system, ..., Byron De La Beckwith, Camp Nordland, Carpetbagger, Catholic Church, Catholic Church in Germany, Central Europe, Centrism, Charles Marcus Edwards, Charleston, South Carolina, Chattanooga, Tennessee, Chicago Tribune, Christian cross variants, Christian denomination, Christian Identity, Christian terrorism, Civil and political rights, Civil rights movement, Civil union, Clan, CNN, COINTELPRO, Coker College, College of St. Scholastica, Columbia County, Georgia, Communist Workers' Party (United States), Confederate States Army, Confederate States of America, Congress of Industrial Organizations, Constitutionality, Coroner, Crisis, Cross burning, D. C. Stephenson, D. W. Griffith, Daily Kos, Daily Mail, Dallas, David Duke, Dayton, Ohio, Democracy Now!, Democratic Party (United States), Der Spiegel, Desegregation, Desegregation busing, Detroit, Disenfranchisement after the Reconstruction Era, Disfranchisement, Divorce, Domestic violence, Don Black (white supremacist), Duke University Press, Eastern Europe, Edgar Ray Killen, Edward L. Jackson, Edward Young Clarke, Electric chair, Enforcement Act of 1870, Enforcement Acts, English Americans, Eric Foner, Ethnic violence, Extremism, Far-right politics, Fascism, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Fiji, First Amendment to the United States Constitution, Florida, Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, Fox News, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Fraternity, Freedmen's Bureau, Freedom Riders, Fundamentalism, Gambling, Gay, George Gordon (Civil War general), George Wallace, Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia Southern University, German American Bund, German Americans, Germany, Golden age of fraternalism, Governor of North Carolina, Governor of South Carolina, Grand Wizard, Great Depression, Greek language, Greensboro massacre, Greensboro, North Carolina, Grover C. Hall, Guerrilla warfare, Habeas corpus, Harry T. Moore, Hate group, Hate speech, Herman Frank Cash, Hiram Wesley Evans, History of antisemitism in the United States, History of Saskatchewan, History of the Ku Klux Klan in New Jersey, History of the United States Democratic Party, History of the United States Republican Party, Homicide, Homophobia, House Un-American Activities Committee, Houston, Hugh Lennox Bond, Hugo Black, Hymn, Illegal immigration, Immigration to the United States, Imperial Klans of America, Independent voter, Indiana, Indiana Klan, Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Insurgency, Internal Revenue Service, International Business Times, Internet, Ironclad oath, Islamophobia, Italians, Italy, J. Edgar Hoover, James A. Colescott, James Ford Seale, James M. Hinds, James Thomas Heflin, Jesse Walker, Jews, Jim Crow laws, John Scott (Pennsylvania), John W. Morton (Tennessee politician), Kleagle, Kloran, Knights of the White Camelia, Knute Rockne, Ku Klux Klan in Canada, Ku Klux Klan in Maine, Ku Klux Klan members in United States politics, Ku Klux Klan raid (Inglewood), Ku Klux Klan recruitment, Ku Klux Klan regalia and insignia, Ku Klux Klan titles and vocabulary, Kuklos Adelphon, Kyklos, LaGrange, Georgia, Leaders of the Ku Klux Klan, Left-wing politics, Leo Frank, Lesbian, Life (magazine), List of Ku Klux Klan organizations, List of organizations designated by the Southern Poverty Law Center as hate groups, List of white nationalist organizations, Louisiana, Louisiana State University Press, Loyal White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Lumbee, Luverne, Alabama, Lynching of Austin Callaway, Lynching of Michael Donald, Madge Oberholtzer, Manslaughter, Mary Elizabeth Tyler, Mass racial violence in the United States, McFarland & Company, Medgar Evers, Memphis, Tennessee, Meridian race riot of 1871, Meridian, Mississippi, Methodism, Michael Brooks (historian and journalist), Midwestern United States, Mims, Florida, Mississippi, Missouri, Monroe County, Mississippi, Montgomery Advertiser, Morris Dees, Multi-level marketing, Murder, Murder of Willie Edwards, Murders of Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner, NAACP, Nashville, Tennessee, Nathan Bedford Forrest, Nativism (politics), Nazi Germany, Neo-Confederate, Neo-fascism, Neo-Nazism, New Georgia Encyclopedia, New Jersey, New Orleans, North Carolina, North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources, Obstetrics, Oklahoma, Operation Red Dog, Opposition to immigration, Orange County, California, Paramilitary, Pauline Hanson's One Nation, PBS, Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania Avenue, Planter class, Pointed hat, Political spectrum, Pontiac, Michigan, Prohibition, Prohibition in the United States, Protestantism, Protestantism in the United States, Pulaski, Tennessee, Pulitzer Prize, Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing, Pulitzer Prize for Public Service, Quarterly Journal of Economics, Rabbi, Racism, Racism in the United States, Reactionary, Reason (magazine), Reconstruction era, Red Knights (organization), Red Shirts (United States), Reinhold Niebuhr, Republican Party (United States), Right to keep and bear arms, Robert Edward Chambliss, Robert Relf, Rory M. McVeigh, Rosewood massacre, RT (TV network), Rufus Bullock, Same-sex marriage, Samuel Bowers, Samuel Green (Klansman), Saskatchewan, São Paulo, Scalawag, Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project, Selma to Montgomery marches, Sify, Simon & Schuster, Slate (magazine), Social history, Society of the United States, Sons of Malta, Southern Europe, Southern Methodist University, Southern Poverty Law Center, Southern Publicity Association, Southern Regional Council, Southern United States, St. Landry Parish, Louisiana, Stanley Horn, Stetson Kennedy, Stone Mountain, Stormfront (website), Suffrage, Superman, Swedish Americans, Synagogue, Tabor City, North Carolina, Terrorism, Texas, The Adventures of Superman (radio), The Birth of a Nation, The Christian Science Monitor, The Clansman: A Historical Romance of the Ku Klux Klan, The Crisis, The Daily Telegraph, The Guardian, The Invisible Empire: The Ku Klux Klan in Florida, The Journal of American History, The Leopard's Spots, The Nation, The New York Times, The New Zealand Herald, The Sydney Morning Herald, Third Enforcement Act, Thomas Dixon Jr., Thomas Edwin Blanton Jr., Thomas Robb, Time (magazine), Tuscaloosa, Alabama, Ulysses S. Grant, Union County, Arkansas, Union League, United Kingdom, United Klans of America, United States presidential election, 1868, United States presidential election, 1928, United States v. Harris, University at Albany, SUNY, University of Akron, University of Alabama Press, University of California Press, University of Georgia, University of Louisville, University of Mississippi, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, University of Notre Dame, University of Southern California, University Press of Florida, Vanderbilt University, Vernon Dahmer, Veterinary physician, Vigilante, Viola Liuzzo, W. Horace Carter, Wade Hampton III, Walter Scott, Washington, D.C., Western United States, White House, White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, White League, White nationalism, White power skinhead, White supremacy, Whiteville, North Carolina, William Gannaway Brownlow, William Gibbs McAdoo, William Joseph Simmons, William L. Sharkey, William Woods Holden, WoodmenLife, Woodrow Wilson, Worcester, Massachusetts, World Intellectual Property Organization, World War II, Yale University, Zinc, Arkansas, 16th Street Baptist Church bombing, 1924 Democratic National Convention. Expand index (344 more) »

Adultery

Adultery (from Latin adulterium) is extramarital sex that is considered objectionable on social, religious, moral, or legal grounds.

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Affirmative action

Affirmative action, also known as reservation in India and Nepal, positive action in the UK, and employment equity (in a narrower context) in Canada and South Africa, is the policy of protecting members of groups that are known to have previously suffered from discrimination.

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African Americans

African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans or Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group of Americans with total or partial ancestry from any of the black racial groups of Africa.

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Al Smith

Alfred Emanuel Smith (December 30, 1873 – October 4, 1944) was an American politician who was elected Governor of New York four times and was the Democratic U.S. presidential candidate in 1928.

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Alabama

Alabama is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.

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Alabama River

The Alabama River, in the U.S. state of Alabama, is formed by the Tallapoosa and Coosa rivers, which unite about north of Montgomery, near the suburb of Wetumpka.

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All-white jury

An all-white jury is a sworn body composed only of white people convened to render an impartial verdict in a legal proceeding.

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Alton Milford Young

Alton Milford Young (May 24, 1884 – July 16, 1950) was the Grand or Imperial Kaliff and the Imperial Kludd of the Ku Klux Klan in New Jersey.

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American Civil Liberties Union

The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is a nonprofit organization whose stated mission is "to defend and preserve the individual rights and liberties guaranteed to every person in this country by the Constitution and laws of the United States." Officially nonpartisan, the organization has been supported and criticized by liberal and conservative organizations alike.

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American Civil War

The American Civil War (also known by other names) was a war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865.

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American Jews

American Jews, or Jewish Americans, are Americans who are Jews, whether by religion, ethnicity or nationality.

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American Nazi Party

The American Nazi Party (ANP) is a far-right American political party founded by George Lincoln Rockwell with its headquarters in Arlington, Virginia.

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Amos T. Akerman

Amos Tappan Akerman (February 23, 1821 – December 21, 1880) served as United States Attorney General under President Ulysses S. Grant from 1870 to 1871.

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Anaheim, California

Anaheim (pronounced) is a city in Orange County, California, part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area.

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Ancestry.com

Ancestry.com LLC is a privately held online company based in Lehi, Utah.

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Andover Township, New Jersey

Andover Township is a township in Sussex County, New Jersey, United States.

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Anti-Catholicism

Anti-Catholicism is hostility towards Catholics or opposition to the Catholic Church, its clergy and its adherents.

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Anti-Catholicism in the United States

Anti-Catholicism in the United States is historically deeply rooted in the anti-Catholic attitudes brought by British Protestant to the American colonies.

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Anti-communism

Anti-communism is opposition to communism.

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Anti-Defamation League

The Anti-Defamation League (ADL; formerly known as the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith) is an international Jewish non-governmental organization based in the United States.

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Anti-Europeanism

Anti-Europeanism and Europhobia are political terms used in a variety of contexts, implying sentiment or policies in opposition to "Europe".

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Anti-mask laws

Anti-mask or anti-masking laws refer to legislative or penal initiatives that seek to stop individuals from concealing their faces, who do so often to go unidentified during a crime.

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Antisemitism

Antisemitism (also spelled anti-Semitism or anti-semitism) is hostility to, prejudice, or discrimination against Jews.

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Arkansas

Arkansas is a state in the southeastern region of the United States, home to over 3 million people as of 2017.

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Arthur Hornbui Bell

Arthur Hornbui Bell (February 14, 1891 – March 1973) was an attorney and the Grand Dragon of the Ku Klux Klan in New Jersey.

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Atlanta

Atlanta is the capital city and most populous municipality of the state of Georgia in the United States.

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Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands.

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Australia First Party

The Australia First Party (NSW) Incorporated (AFP) is an Australian far-right political party founded by Graeme Campbell and currently lead by Jim Saleam.

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Battle of Hayes Pond

The Battle of Hayes Pond was an armed confrontation between the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan and the Lumbee Indians at a Klan rally near Maxton, North Carolina, on the night of January 18, 1958.

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BBC Online

BBC Online, formerly known as BBCi, is the BBC's online service.

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Benjamin Butler

Benjamin Franklin Butler (November 5, 1818 – January 11, 1893) was a major general of the Union Army, politician, lawyer and businessman from Massachusetts.

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Benjamin Harvey Hill

Benjamin Harvey Hill (September 14, 1823 – August 16, 1882) was a U.S. Representative, U.S. senator and a Confederate senator from the state of Georgia.

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Bennettsville, South Carolina

Bennettsville is a city located in the U.S. state of South Carolina on the Great Pee Dee River.

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Bibb Graves

David Bibb Graves (April 1, 1873 – March 14, 1942) was an American Democratic politician and the 38th Governor of Alabama 1927-1931 and 1935–1939, the first Alabama governor to serve two four-year terms.

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Bidding stick

A bidding stick (sometimes also referred to as a budstikke,Simon, Jeffrey. 1988. NATO-Warsaw Pact Force Mobilization. Washington, DC: National Defense University Press, p. 520. war arrow, or stembod) is a term for a wooden object, such as a club or baton, carried by a messenger and used by Northern Europeans, for example in Scotland and Scandinavia, to rally people for ''things'' (assemblies) and for defence or rebellion.

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Bill O'Reilly (political commentator)

William James O'Reilly Jr. (born September 10, 1949) is an American journalist, author, and former television host.

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Birmingham, Alabama

Birmingham is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Alabama and the seat of Jefferson County.

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Black Legion (political movement)

The Black Legion was a Militia group and a white supremacist organization in the Midwestern United States that splintered from the Ku Klux Klan.

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Black people

Black people is a term used in certain countries, often in socially based systems of racial classification or of ethnicity, to describe persons who are perceived to be dark-skinned compared to other populations.

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Black separatism

Black separatism is a separatist political movement that seeks separate economic and cultural development for those of African descent in societies, particularly in the United States.

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Blount County, Alabama

Blount County is a county located in the U.S. state of Alabama.

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Bobby Frank Cherry

Bobby Frank Cherry (June 20, 1930 – November 18, 2004) was an American white supremacist, terrorist, and Klansman who was convicted of murder in 2002 for his role in the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing in 1963.

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Bogalusa, Louisiana

Bogalusa is a city in Washington Parish, Louisiana, United States.

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Bombingham

Bombingham is a nickname for Birmingham, Alabama during the Civil Rights Movement due to the 50 dynamite explosions that occurred in the city between 1947 and 1965.

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Bray v. Alexandria Women's Health Clinic

Bray v. Alexandria Women's Health Clinic, 506 U.S. 263 (1993), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that 42 U.S.C. 1985(3) does not provide a federal cause of action against persons obstructing access to abortion clinics.

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Brazil

Brazil (Brasil), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (República Federativa do Brasil), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America.

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Brownsville, Tennessee

Brownsville is a city in Haywood County, Tennessee, United States.

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Buffalo History Museum

The Buffalo History Museum (founded as the Buffalo Historical Society, and later named the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society) is located at 1 Museum Court (formerly 25 Nottingham Court) in Buffalo, New York, just east of Elmwood Avenue and off of Nottingham Terrace, north of the Scajaquada Expressway, in the northwest corner of Delaware Park.

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Bull Connor

Theophilus Eugene Connor (July 11, 1897 – March 10, 1973), known as Bull Connor, was an American politician who served as an elected Commissioner of Public Safety for the city of Birmingham, Alabama, for more than two decades.

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Bulletin board system

A bulletin board system or BBS (also called Computer Bulletin Board Service, CBBS) is a computer server running software that allows users to connect to the system using a terminal program.

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Byron De La Beckwith

Byron De La Beckwith Sr. (November 9, 1920 – January 21, 2001) was an American white supremacist and Klansman from Greenwood, Mississippi, who assassinated civil rights leader Medgar Evers on June 12, 1963.

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Camp Nordland

Camp Nordland was a 204-acre resort facility located in Andover Township, New Jersey.

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Carpetbagger

In the history of the United States, a carpetbagger was any person from the Northern United States who came to the Southern states after the American Civil War and was perceived to be exploiting the local populace for their own purposes.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.

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Catholic Church in Germany

The Catholic Church in Germany (Katholische Kirche in Deutschland) is part of the worldwide Catholic Church in communion with the Pope, assisted by the Roman Curia, and of the German bishops.

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Central Europe

Central Europe is the region comprising the central part of Europe.

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Centrism

In politics, centrism—the centre (British English/Canadian English/Australian English) or the center (American English/Philippine English)—is a political outlook or specific position that involves acceptance or support of a balance of a degree of social equality and a degree of social hierarchy, while opposing political changes which would result in a significant shift of society either strongly to the left or the right.

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Charles Marcus Edwards

Charles Marcus Edwards is a deacon at a church in Meadville, Mississippi and a self-declared Klansmen.

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Charleston, South Carolina

Charleston is the oldest and largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston–Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area.

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Chattanooga, Tennessee

Chattanooga is a city in the U.S. state of Tennessee, with a population of 177,571 in 2016.

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Chicago Tribune

The Chicago Tribune is a daily newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, United States, owned by Tronc, Inc., formerly Tribune Publishing.

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Christian cross variants

This is a list of Christian cross variants.

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Christian denomination

A Christian denomination is a distinct religious body within Christianity, identified by traits such as a name, organisation, leadership and doctrine.

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Christian Identity

Christian Identity (also known as Identity Christianity) is a racist, anti-Semitic, and white supremacist interpretation of Christianity which holds that only Germanic, Anglo-Saxon, Celtic, Nordic, Aryan people and those of kindred blood are the descendants of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob and hence the descendants of the ancient Israelites (primarily as a result of the Assyrian captivity).

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Christian terrorism

Christian terrorism comprises terrorist acts by groups or individuals who profess Christian motivations or goals.

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Civil and political rights

Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals.

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Civil rights movement

The civil rights movement (also known as the African-American civil rights movement, American civil rights movement and other terms) was a decades-long movement with the goal of securing legal rights for African Americans that other Americans already held.

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Civil union

A civil union, also referred to by a variety of other names, is a legally recognized arrangement similar to marriage.

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Clan

A clan is a group of people united by actual or perceived kinship and descent.

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CNN

Cable News Network (CNN) is an American basic cable and satellite television news channel and an independent subsidiary of AT&T's WarnerMedia.

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COINTELPRO

COINTELPRO (Portmanteau derived from '''CO'''unter '''INTEL'''ligence PROgram) (1956-1971) was a series of covert, and at times illegal, projects conducted by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) aimed at surveilling, infiltrating, discrediting, and disrupting domestic political organizations.

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Coker College

Coker College is a private, co-educational four-year liberal arts college located in Hartsville, Darlington County, South Carolina, USA.

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College of St. Scholastica

The College of Saint Scholastica (CSS) is a private college with its main campus in Duluth, Minnesota, United States.

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Columbia County, Georgia

Columbia County is a county located in the US state of Georgia.

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Communist Workers' Party (United States)

The Communist Workers' Party (CWP) was a Maoist group in the United States.

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Confederate States Army

The Confederate States Army (C.S.A.) was the military land force of the Confederate States of America (Confederacy) during the American Civil War (1861–1865).

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Confederate States of America

The Confederate States of America (CSA or C.S.), commonly referred to as the Confederacy, was an unrecognized country in North America that existed from 1861 to 1865.

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Congress of Industrial Organizations

The Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) was a federation of unions that organized workers in industrial unions in the United States and Canada from 1935 to 1955.

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Constitutionality

Constitutionality is the condition of acting in accordance with an applicable constitution; the status of a law, a procedure, or an act's accordance with the laws or guidelines set forth in the applicable constitution.

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Coroner

A coroner is a person whose standard role is to confirm and certify the death of an individual within a jurisdiction.

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Crisis

A crisis (from the Greek κρίσις - krisis; plural: "crises"; adjectival form: "critical") is any event that is going (or is expected) to lead to an unstable and dangerous situation affecting an individual, group, community, or whole society.

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Cross burning

Cross burning or cross lighting is a practice widely associated with the Ku Klux Klan, although the historical practice long predates the Klan's inception–as far back as Peter of Bruys (1117–1131), who burned crosses in protest of the veneration of crosses.

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D. C. Stephenson

David Curtiss "Steve" Stephenson (August 21, 1891 – June 28, 1966) was a convicted murderer and rapist, who in 1923 was appointed Grand Dragon (state leader) of the branch of the Ku Klux Klan in Indiana and head of Klan recruiting for seven other states.

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D. W. Griffith

David Wark Griffith (January 22, 1875 – July 23, 1948) was an American director, writer, and producer who pioneered modern cinematic techniques.

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Daily Kos

Daily Kos is a group blog and internet forum focused on liberal American politics.

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Daily Mail

The Daily Mail is a British daily middle-marketPeter Wilby, New Statesman, 19 December 2013 (online version: 2 January 2014) tabloid newspaper owned by the Daily Mail and General Trust and published in London.

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Dallas

Dallas is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.

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David Duke

David Ernest Duke (born July 1, 1950) is an American white supremacist and white nationalist politician, antisemitic conspiracy theorist, Holocaust denier, convicted felon, and former Grand Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan.

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Dayton, Ohio

Dayton is the sixth-largest city in the state of Ohio and the county seat of Montgomery County.

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Democracy Now!

Democracy Now! is an hour-long American TV, radio and internet news program hosted by journalists Amy Goodman and Juan González.

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Democratic Party (United States)

The Democratic Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States, along with the Republican Party (nicknamed the GOP for Grand Old Party).

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Der Spiegel

Der Spiegel (lit. "The Mirror") is a German weekly news magazine published in Hamburg.

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Desegregation

Desegregation is the process of ending the separation of two groups usually referring to races.

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Desegregation busing

Desegregation busing in the United States (also known as forced busing or simply busing) is the practice of assigning and transporting students to schools so as to redress prior racial segregation of schools, or to overcome the effects of residential segregation on local school demographics.

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Detroit

Detroit is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan, the largest city on the United States–Canada border, and the seat of Wayne County.

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Disenfranchisement after the Reconstruction Era

Disenfranchisement after the Reconstruction Era in the United States of America was based on a series of laws, new constitutions, and practices in the South that were deliberately used to prevent black citizens from registering to vote and voting.

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Disfranchisement

Disfranchisement (also called disenfranchisement) is the revocation of the right of suffrage (the right to vote) of a person or group of people, or through practices, prevention of a person exercising the right to vote.

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Divorce

Divorce, also known as dissolution of marriage, is the termination of a marriage or marital union, the canceling or reorganizing of the legal duties and responsibilities of marriage, thus dissolving the bonds of matrimony between a married couple under the rule of law of the particular country or state.

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Domestic violence

Domestic violence (also named domestic abuse or family violence) is violence or other abuse by one person against another in a domestic setting, such as in marriage or cohabitation.

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Don Black (white supremacist)

Stephen Donald "Don" Black, BBC News, May 5, 2009.

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Duke University Press

Duke University Press is an academic publisher of books and journals, and a unit of Duke University.

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Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe is the eastern part of the European continent.

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Edgar Ray Killen

Edgar Ray Killen (January 17, 1925 – January 11, 2018) was a Ku Klux Klan organizer who allegedly planned and directed the murders of James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, and Michael Schwerner, three civil rights activists participating in the Freedom Summer of 1964.

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Edward L. Jackson

Edward L. "Ed" Jackson (December 27, 1873 – November 18, 1954) was an American attorney, judge and politician, elected the 32nd Governor of the U.S. state of Indiana from January 12, 1925, to January 14, 1929.

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Edward Young Clarke

Edward Young Clarke was the Imperial Wizard pro tempore of the Ku Klux Klan from 1915 to 1922.

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Electric chair

Execution by electrocution, performed using an electric chair, is a method of execution originating in the United States in which the condemned person is strapped to a specially built wooden chair and electrocuted through electrodes fastened on the head and leg.

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Enforcement Act of 1870

The Enforcement Act of 1869, also known as the Civil Rights Act of 1870 or First Ku Klux Klan Act, or Force Act was a United States federal law written to empower the President with the legal authority to enforce the first section of the Fifteenth Amendment throughout the United States.

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Enforcement Acts

The Enforcement Acts were three bills passed by the United States Congress between 1870 and 1871.

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English Americans

English Americans, also referred to as Anglo-Americans, are Americans whose ancestry originates wholly or partly in England, a country that is part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

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Eric Foner

Eric Foner (born February 7, 1943) is an American historian.

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Ethnic violence

Ethnic violence refers to violence expressly motivated by ethnic hatred and ethnic conflict.

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Extremism

Extremism means, literally, "the quality or state of being extreme" or the "advocacy of extreme measures or views".

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Far-right politics

Far-right politics are politics further on the right of the left-right spectrum than the standard political right, particularly in terms of more extreme nationalist, and nativist ideologies, as well as authoritarian tendencies.

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Fascism

Fascism is a form of radical authoritarian ultranationalism, characterized by dictatorial power, forcible suppression of opposition and control of industry and commerce, which came to prominence in early 20th-century Europe.

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Federal Bureau of Investigation

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), formerly the Bureau of Investigation (BOI), is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States, and its principal federal law enforcement agency.

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Fiji

Fiji (Viti; Fiji Hindi: फ़िजी), officially the Republic of Fiji (Matanitu Tugalala o Viti; Fiji Hindi: फ़िजी गणराज्य), is an island country in Oceania in the South Pacific Ocean about northeast of New Zealand's North Island.

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First Amendment to the United States Constitution

The First Amendment (Amendment I) to the United States Constitution prevents Congress from making any law respecting an establishment of religion, prohibiting the free exercise of religion, or abridging the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press, the right to peaceably assemble, or to petition for a governmental redress of grievances.

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Florida

Florida (Spanish for "land of flowers") is the southernmost contiguous state in the United States.

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Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

The Fourteenth Amendment (Amendment XIV) to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868, as one of the Reconstruction Amendments.

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Fox News

Fox News (officially known as the Fox News Channel, commonly abbreviated to FNC) is an American basic cable and satellite television news channel owned by the Fox Entertainment Group, a subsidiary of 21st Century Fox.

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Franklin D. Roosevelt

Franklin Delano Roosevelt Sr. (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was an American statesman and political leader who served as the 32nd President of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945.

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Fraternity

A fraternity (from Latin frater: "brother"; "brotherhood"), fraternal order or fraternal organization is an organization, a society or a club of men associated together for various religious or secular aims.

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Freedmen's Bureau

The Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, usually referred to as simply the Freedmen's Bureau, was an agency of the United States Department of War to "direct such issues of provisions, clothing, and fuel, as he may deem needful for the immediate and temporary shelter and supply of destitute and suffering refugees and freedmen and their wives and children." The Freedmen's Bureau Bill, which established the Freedmen's Bureau on March 3, 1865, was initiated by President Abraham Lincoln and was intended to last for one year after the end of the Civil War.

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Freedom Riders

Freedom Riders were civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated southern United States in 1961 and subsequent years to challenge the non-enforcement of the United States Supreme Court decisions Morgan v. Virginia (1946) and Boynton v. Virginia (1960), which ruled that segregated public buses were unconstitutional.

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Fundamentalism

Fundamentalism usually has a religious connotation that indicates unwavering attachment to a set of irreducible beliefs.

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Gambling

Gambling is the wagering of money or something of value (referred to as "the stakes") on an event with an uncertain outcome with the primary intent of winning money or material goods.

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Gay

Gay is a term that primarily refers to a homosexual person or the trait of being homosexual.

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George Gordon (Civil War general)

George Washington Gordon (October 5, 1836 – August 9, 1911) was a general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.

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George Wallace

George Corley Wallace Jr. (August 25, 1919 – September 13, 1998) was an American politician and the 45th Governor of Alabama, having served two nonconsecutive terms and two consecutive terms as a Democrat: 1963–1967, 1971–1979 and 1983–1987.

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Georgia (U.S. state)

Georgia is a state in the Southeastern United States.

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Georgia Southern University

Georgia Southern University (GS) is a public research university in the U.S. state of Georgia.

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German American Bund

The German American Bund, or German American Federation (Amerikadeutscher Bund; Amerikadeutscher Volksbund, AV), was a German-American pro-Nazi organization established in 1936 to succeed Friends of New Germany (FoNG), the new name being chosen to emphasize the group's American credentials after press criticism that the organization was unpatriotic.

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German Americans

German Americans (Deutschamerikaner) are Americans who have full or partial German ancestry.

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Germany

Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.

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Golden age of fraternalism

The Golden Age of Fraternalism is a term referring to a period when membership in the fraternal societies in the United States grew at a very rapid pace in the latter third of the 19th century and continuing into the first part of the 20th.

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Governor of North Carolina

The Governor of North Carolina is the head of the executive branch of the U.S. state of North Carolina's state government and serves as commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.

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Governor of South Carolina

The Governor of the State of South Carolina is the head of state for the state of South Carolina.

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Grand Wizard

Grand Wizard was the title given to the head of the Reconstruction-era Ku Klux Klan which existed from 1865 to 1869.

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Great Depression

The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place mostly during the 1930s, beginning in the United States.

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Greek language

Greek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, elliniká, "Greek", ελληνική γλώσσα, ellinikí glóssa, "Greek language") is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea.

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Greensboro massacre

archives. --> The Greensboro massacre is the term for an event which took place on November 3, 1979, when members of the Communist Workers' Party and others demonstrated in a "Death to the Klan" march in Greensboro, North Carolina, United States.

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Greensboro, North Carolina

Greensboro (formerly Greensborough) is a city in the U.S. state of North Carolina.

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Grover C. Hall

Grover Cleveland Hall, Sr. (January 11, 1888 – 1941) was an American newspaper editor.

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Guerrilla warfare

Guerrilla warfare is a form of irregular warfare in which a small group of combatants, such as paramilitary personnel, armed civilians, or irregulars, use military tactics including ambushes, sabotage, raids, petty warfare, hit-and-run tactics, and mobility to fight a larger and less-mobile traditional military.

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Habeas corpus

Habeas corpus (Medieval Latin meaning literally "that you have the body") is a recourse in law through which a person can report an unlawful detention or imprisonment to a court and request that the court order the custodian of the person, usually a prison official, to bring the prisoner to court, to determine whether the detention is lawful.

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Harry T. Moore

Harry Tyson Moore (November 18, 1905 – December 25, 1951) was an African-American educator, a pioneer leader of the civil rights movement, and founder of the first branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in Brevard County, Florida.

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Hate group

A hate group is a social group that advocates and practices hatred, hostility, or violence towards members of a race, ethnicity, nation, religion, gender, gender identity, sexual orientation or any other designated sector of society.

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Hate speech

Hate speech is speech that attacks a person or group on the basis of attributes such as race, religion, ethnic origin, national origin, gender, disability, sexual orientation, or gender identity.

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Herman Frank Cash

Herman Frank Cash (July 25, 1918 – February 7, 1994) was suspected to have been a fourth conspirator in the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing of 1963.

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Hiram Wesley Evans

Hiram Wesley Evans (September 26, 1881 – September 14, 1966) was the Imperial Wizard of the Ku Klux Klan, an American white supremacist group, from 1922 to 1939.

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History of antisemitism in the United States

There have been differences of opinion among historians as to the extent of antisemitism in America's past and contrasted American antisemitism with its European counterpart.

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History of Saskatchewan

History of Saskatchewan encompasses the study of past human events and activities of the province of Saskatchewan, the middle of Canada's three prairie provinces.

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History of the Ku Klux Klan in New Jersey

The Ku Klux Klan has had a history in the U.S. state of New Jersey since the early part of the 1920s.

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History of the United States Democratic Party

The Democratic Party is the oldest voter-based political party in the world and the oldest existing political party in the United States, tracing its heritage back to the anti-Federalists and the Jeffersonian Democratic-Republican Party of the 1790s.

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History of the United States Republican Party

The Republican Party, also referred to as the GOP (abbreviation for Grand Old Party), is one of the world's oldest extant political parties.

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Homicide

Homicide is the act of one human killing another.

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Homophobia

Homophobia encompasses a range of negative attitudes and feelings toward homosexuality or people who are identified or perceived as being lesbian, gay, bisexual or transgender (LGBT).

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House Un-American Activities Committee

The House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC, or House Committee on Un-American Activities, or HCUA) was an investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives.

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Houston

Houston is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Texas and the fourth most populous city in the United States, with a census-estimated 2017 population of 2.312 million within a land area of.

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Hugh Lennox Bond

Hugh Lennox Bond (December 16, 1828 – October 24, 1893) was a United States federal judge.

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Hugo Black

Hugo Lafayette Black (February 27, 1886 – September 25, 1971) was an American politician and jurist who served in the United States Senate from 1927 to 1937, and as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1937 to 1971.

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Hymn

A hymn is a type of song, usually religious, specifically written for the purpose of adoration or prayer, and typically addressed to a deity or deities, or to a prominent figure or personification.

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Illegal immigration

Illegal immigration is the illegal entry of a person or a group of persons across a country's border, in a way that violates the immigration laws of the destination country, with the intention to remain in the country, as well as people who remain living in another country when they do not have the legal right to do so.

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Immigration to the United States

Immigration to the United States is the international movement of individuals who are not natives or do not possess citizenship in order to settle, reside, study, or work in the country.

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Imperial Klans of America

The Imperial Klans of America, Knights of the Ku Klux Klan is a white supremacist, white nationalist, neo-Nazi paramilitary organization styled after the original Ku Klux Klan (KKK).

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Independent voter

An independent voter, often called an unaffiliated voter in the United States, is a voter who does not align themselves with a political party.

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Indiana

Indiana is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern and Great Lakes regions of North America.

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Indiana Klan

The Indiana Klan was a branch of the Ku Klux Klan, a secret society in the United States that organized in 1915 to affect public affairs on issues of Prohibition, education, political corruption, and morality.

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Indigenous peoples of the Americas

The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian peoples of the Americas and their descendants. Although some indigenous peoples of the Americas were traditionally hunter-gatherers—and many, especially in the Amazon basin, still are—many groups practiced aquaculture and agriculture. The impact of their agricultural endowment to the world is a testament to their time and work in reshaping and cultivating the flora indigenous to the Americas. Although some societies depended heavily on agriculture, others practiced a mix of farming, hunting and gathering. In some regions the indigenous peoples created monumental architecture, large-scale organized cities, chiefdoms, states and empires. Many parts of the Americas are still populated by indigenous peoples; some countries have sizable populations, especially Belize, Bolivia, Canada, Chile, Ecuador, Greenland, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama and Peru. At least a thousand different indigenous languages are spoken in the Americas. Some, such as the Quechuan languages, Aymara, Guaraní, Mayan languages and Nahuatl, count their speakers in millions. Many also maintain aspects of indigenous cultural practices to varying degrees, including religion, social organization and subsistence practices. Like most cultures, over time, cultures specific to many indigenous peoples have evolved to incorporate traditional aspects but also cater to modern needs. Some indigenous peoples still live in relative isolation from Western culture, and a few are still counted as uncontacted peoples.

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Insurgency

An insurgency is a rebellion against authority (for example, an authority recognized as such by the United Nations) when those taking part in the rebellion are not recognized as belligerents (lawful combatants).

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Internal Revenue Service

The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is the revenue service of the United States federal government.

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International Business Times

The International Business Times is an American online news publication that publishes seven national editions and four languages.

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Internet

The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to link devices worldwide.

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Ironclad oath

The Ironclad Oath was an oath promoted by Radical Republicans and opposed by President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War.

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Islamophobia

Islamophobia is the fear, hatred of, or prejudice against, the Islamic religion or Muslims generally, especially when seen as a geopolitical force or the source of terrorism.

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Italians

The Italians (Italiani) are a Latin European ethnic group and nation native to the Italian peninsula.

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Italy

Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.

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J. Edgar Hoover

John Edgar Hoover (January 1, 1895 – May 2, 1972) was an American law enforcement administrator and the first Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) of the United States.

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James A. Colescott

James Arnold Colescott (January 11, 1897 – January 11, 1950) was an American who was Imperial Wizard of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan.

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James Ford Seale

James Ford Seale (June 25, 1935-August 2011) was a Ku Klux Klan member charged by the U.S. Justice Department on January 24, 2007, and subsequently convicted on June 14, 2007, for the May 1964 kidnapping of Henry Hezekiah Dee and Charles Eddie Moore, two African-American young men in Meadville, Mississippi.

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James M. Hinds

James M. Hinds (December 5, 1833 – October 22, 1868) represented Arkansas in the United States House of Representatives for the 2nd congressional district from June 24, 1868 until his death in office four months later.

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James Thomas Heflin

James Thomas Heflin (April 9, 1869 – April 22, 1951), nicknamed "Cotton Tom," was an American politician and leading proponent of white supremacy who served as a Democratic Congressman and United States Senator from Alabama.

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Jesse Walker

Jesse Walker (born September 4, 1970) is books editor of Reason magazine.

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Jews

Jews (יְהוּדִים ISO 259-3, Israeli pronunciation) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and a nation, originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history" and Hebrews of the Ancient Near East.

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Jim Crow laws

Jim Crow laws were state and local laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern United States.

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John Scott (Pennsylvania)

John Scott (July 24, 1824November 29, 1896) was an American lawyer and Republican party politician.

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John W. Morton (Tennessee politician)

John W. Morton (September 19, 1842 – November 21, 1914) was an American Confederate veteran, farmer and politician.

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Kleagle

A Kleagle is an officer of the Ku Klux Klan whose main role is to recruit new members.

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Kloran

The Kloran (a portmanteau of "Klan" and "Koran") is the handbook of the Ku Klux Klan.

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Knights of the White Camelia

The Knights of the White Camelia was an American political terrorist organization that operated in the southern United States in the 19th century, similar to and associated with the Ku Klux Klan, supporting white supremacy and opposing freedmen's rights.

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Knute Rockne

Knute Kenneth Rockne (March 4, 1888 – March 31, 1931) was a Norwegian-American football player and coach at the University of Notre Dame.

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Ku Klux Klan in Canada

The Ku Klux Klan is an organization that expanded operations into Canada, based on the second Ku Klux Klan established in the United States in 1915.

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Ku Klux Klan in Maine

Although the Ku Klux Klan is popularly associated with white supremacy, the revived Klan of the 1920s was also anti-Catholic.

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Ku Klux Klan members in United States politics

This is a partial list of a few notable figures in U.S. national politics who were members of the Ku Klux Klan before taking office.

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Ku Klux Klan raid (Inglewood)

Ku Klux Klan activities in Inglewood, California, were highlighted by the 1922 arrest and trial of 36 men, most of them masked, for a night-time raid on a suspected bootlegger and his family.

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Ku Klux Klan recruitment

Kleagles are the individuals responsible for recruiting potential Ku Klux Klan (KKK) members.

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Ku Klux Klan regalia and insignia

The costume of the Ku Klux Klan (sometimes known as the "glory suit" by Klansmen) is perhaps the most distinctive feature of the Ku Klux Klan, and is recognized worldwide.

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Ku Klux Klan titles and vocabulary

Ku Klux Klan nomenclature has evolved over the order's nearly 160 years of existence.

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Kuklos Adelphon

Kuklos Adelphon was a fraternity founded at the University of North Carolina in 1812.

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Kyklos

The Kyklos (κύκλος,, "cycle") is a term used by some classical Greek authors to describe what they saw as the political cycle of governments in a society.

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LaGrange, Georgia

LaGrange is a city and the county seat of Troup County, Georgia, United States.

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Leaders of the Ku Klux Klan

The national leader of the Ku Klux Klan is called either a Grand Wizard or an Imperial Wizard, depending on which KKK organization is being described.

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Left-wing politics

Left-wing politics supports social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy.

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Leo Frank

Leo Max Frank (April 17, 1884August 17, 1915) was an American factory superintendent who was convicted in 1913 of the murder of a 13-year-old employee, Mary Phagan, in Atlanta, Georgia.

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Lesbian

A lesbian is a homosexual woman.

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Life (magazine)

Life was an American magazine that ran regularly from 1883 to 1972 and again from 1978 to 2000.

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List of Ku Klux Klan organizations

Since the late 1860s, there have been many organizations that have used the title "Ku Klux Klan" or have split off from KKK groups using different names.

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List of organizations designated by the Southern Poverty Law Center as hate groups

The following is a list of U.S.-based organizations classified by the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) as hate groups.

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List of white nationalist organizations

The following is the list of well-known white nationalist organizations, groups and related media: White nationalism is a political ideology which advocates a racial definition of national identity for white people; some white nationalists advocate a separate all-white nation state.

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Louisiana

Louisiana is a state in the southeastern region of the United States.

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Louisiana State University Press

The Louisiana State University Press (LSU Press) is a university press that was founded in 1935.

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Loyal White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan

The Loyal White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan is a white supremacist and antisemitic organization styled after the original Ku Klux Klan (KKK).

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Lumbee

The Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina is a state-recognized tribe of obscure tribal origins numbering approximately 60,000 enrolled members, most of them living in Robeson and the adjacent counties in south-central North Carolina.

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Luverne, Alabama

Luverne is a city in and the county seat of Crenshaw County, Alabama, United States.

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Lynching of Austin Callaway

Austin Callaway, also known as Austin Brown (d. 9 September 1940), was a young African-American man who was taken from jail by a group of six white men and lynched on September 8, 1940, in LaGrange, Georgia.

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Lynching of Michael Donald

The lynching of Michael Donald in Mobile, Alabama in 1981 was one of the last lynchings in the United States.

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Madge Oberholtzer

Madge Augustine Oberholtzer (November 10, 1896 – April 14, 1925) was an American woman whose rape and murder played a critical role in the demise of the second incarnation of the Ku Klux Klan.

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Manslaughter

Manslaughter is a common law legal term for homicide considered by law as less culpable than murder.

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Mary Elizabeth Tyler

Mary Elizabeth "Bessie" Tyler (July 10, 1881 – September 10, 1924) was an Atlanta public-relations professional who, along with Edward Young Clarke, founded the Southern Publicity Association.

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Mass racial violence in the United States

Mass racial violence in the United States, also called race riots, can include such disparate events as.

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McFarland & Company

McFarland & Company, Inc. is an independent book publisher based in Jefferson, North Carolina that specializes in academic and reference works, as well as general interest adult nonfiction.

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Medgar Evers

Medgar Wiley Evers (July 2, 1925June 12, 1963) was an African American civil rights activist in Mississippi and the state's field secretary of the NAACP.

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Memphis, Tennessee

Memphis is a city located along the Mississippi River in the southwestern corner of the U.S. state of Tennessee.

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Meridian race riot of 1871

The Meridian race riot of 1871 was a race riot in Meridian, Mississippi in March 1871.

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Meridian, Mississippi

Meridian is the sixth largest city in the state of Mississippi, United States.

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Methodism

Methodism or the Methodist movement is a group of historically related denominations of Protestant Christianity which derive their inspiration from the life and teachings of John Wesley, an Anglican minister in England.

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Michael Brooks (historian and journalist)

Michael Brooks (born March 1, 1964) is an American historian and investigative journalist.

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Midwestern United States

The Midwestern United States, also referred to as the American Midwest, Middle West, or simply the Midwest, is one of four census regions of the United States Census Bureau (also known as "Region 2").

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Mims, Florida

Mims is a census-designated place (CDP) in Brevard County, Florida.

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Mississippi

Mississippi is a state in the Southern United States, with part of its southern border formed by the Gulf of Mexico.

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Missouri

Missouri is a state in the Midwestern United States.

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Monroe County, Mississippi

Monroe County is a county on the northeast border of the U.S. state of Mississippi next to Alabama.

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Montgomery Advertiser

The Montgomery Advertiser is a daily newspaper and news website located in Montgomery, Alabama.

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Morris Dees

Morris Seligman Dees Jr. (born December 16, 1936) is an American attorney who is the co-founder and chief trial counsel for the Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC), and a former market engineer for book publishing.

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Multi-level marketing

Multi-level marketing (MLM) also called pyramid selling, network marketing, and referral marketing, is a marketing strategy for the sale of products or services where the revenue of the MLM company is derived from a non-salaried workforce selling the company's products/services, while the earnings of the participants are derived from a pyramid-shaped or binary compensation commission system.

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Murder

Murder is the unlawful killing of another human without justification or valid excuse, especially the unlawful killing of another human being with malice aforethought.

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Murder of Willie Edwards

Willie Edwards Jr. (November 13, 1932 – January 23, 1957) was a 24-year-old African American, husband and father, murdered by members of the Alabama Ku Klux Klan.

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Murders of Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner

The murders of Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner, also known as the Freedom Summer murders, the Mississippi civil rights workers' murders or the Mississippi Burning murders, involved three activists that were abducted and murdered in Neshoba County, Mississippi in June 1964 during the Civil Rights Movement.

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NAACP

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is a civil rights organization in the United States, formed in 1909 as a bi-racial organization to advance justice for African Americans by a group, including, W. E. B. Du Bois, Mary White Ovington and Moorfield Storey.

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Nashville, Tennessee

Nashville is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the seat of Davidson County.

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Nathan Bedford Forrest

Nathan Bedford Forrest (July 13, 1821 – October 29, 1877), called Bedford Forrest in his lifetime, was a cotton farmer, slave owner, slave trader, Confederate Army general during the American Civil War, first leader of the Ku Klux Klan, and president of the Selma, Marion, & Memphis Railroad.

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Nativism (politics)

Nativism is the political policy of promoting the interests of native inhabitants against those of immigrants.

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Nazi Germany

Nazi Germany is the common English name for the period in German history from 1933 to 1945, when Germany was under the dictatorship of Adolf Hitler through the Nazi Party (NSDAP).

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Neo-Confederate

Neo-Confederate, or Southern Nationalist, is a term used to describe the views of various groups and individuals who use historical revisionism to portray the Confederate States of America and its actions in the American Civil War in a positive light.

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Neo-fascism

Neo-fascism is a post–World War II ideology that includes significant elements of fascism.

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Neo-Nazism

Neo-Nazism consists of post-World War II militant social or political movements seeking to revive and implement the ideology of Nazism.

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New Georgia Encyclopedia

The New Georgia Encyclopedia (NGE) is a web-based encyclopedia containing over 2,000 articles about the state of Georgia.

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New Jersey

New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the Northeastern United States.

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New Orleans

New Orleans (. Merriam-Webster.; La Nouvelle-Orléans) is a major United States port and the largest city and metropolitan area in the state of Louisiana.

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North Carolina

North Carolina is a U.S. state in the southeastern region of the United States.

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North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources

The North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources is a cabinet-level department within the state government of North Carolina dedicated to overseeing projects in the arts, culture, and history within the borders of the state.

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Obstetrics

Obstetrics is the field of study concentrated on pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period.

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Oklahoma

Oklahoma (Uukuhuúwa, Gahnawiyoˀgeh) is a state in the South Central region of the United States.

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Operation Red Dog

Operation Red Dog was the code name of a 1981 military filibustering plot by Canadian and American citizens, largely affiliated with white supremacist and Ku Klux Klan groups, to overthrow the government of Dominica, where they planned to restore former Prime Minister Patrick John to power.

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Opposition to immigration

Opposition to immigration exists in most states with immigration, and has become a significant political issue in many countries.

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Orange County, California

Orange County is a county in the U.S. state of California.

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Paramilitary

A paramilitary is a semi-militarized force whose organizational structure, tactics, training, subculture, and (often) function are similar to those of a professional military, but which is not included as part of a state's formal armed forces.

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Pauline Hanson's One Nation

Pauline Hanson's One Nation (PHON or ONP, also One Nation or One Nation Party) is a nationalist, right-wing populist party in Australia.

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PBS

The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is an American public broadcaster and television program distributor.

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Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania (Pennsylvania German: Pennsylvaani or Pennsilfaani), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state located in the northeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States.

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Pennsylvania Avenue

Pennsylvania Avenue is a street in Washington, D.C. that connects the White House and the United States Capitol.

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Planter class

The planter class, known alternatively in the United States as the Southern aristocracy, was a socio-economic caste of pan-American society that dominated seventeenth- and eighteenth-century agricultural markets through the forced labor of enslaved Africans.

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Pointed hat

Pointed hats have been a distinctive item of headgear of a wide range of cultures throughout history.

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Political spectrum

A political spectrum is a system of classifying different political positions upon one or more geometric axes that symbolize independent political dimensions.

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Pontiac, Michigan

Pontiac is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan, located in Metro Detroit.

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Prohibition

Prohibition is the illegality of the manufacturing, storage in barrels or bottles, transportation, sale, possession, and consumption of alcohol including alcoholic beverages, or a period of time during which such illegality was enforced.

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Prohibition in the United States

Prohibition in the United States was a nationwide constitutional ban on the production, importation, transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages from 1920 to 1933.

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Protestantism

Protestantism is the second largest form of Christianity with collectively more than 900 million adherents worldwide or nearly 40% of all Christians.

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Protestantism in the United States

Protestantism is the largest grouping of Christians in the United States with its combined denominations collectively accounting for about half the country's population or 150 million people.

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Pulaski, Tennessee

Pulaski is a city and county seat of Giles County, located on the southern border of Tennessee, United States.

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Pulitzer Prize

The Pulitzer Prize is an award for achievements in newspaper, magazine and online journalism, literature, and musical composition in the United States.

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Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing

The Pulitzer Prize for Editorial Writing is one of the fourteen American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Journalism.

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Pulitzer Prize for Public Service

The Pulitzer Prize for Public Service is one of the fourteen American Pulitzer Prizes annually awarded for journalism.

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Quarterly Journal of Economics

The Quarterly Journal of Economics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Oxford University Press.

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Rabbi

In Judaism, a rabbi is a teacher of Torah.

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Racism

Racism is the belief in the superiority of one race over another, which often results in discrimination and prejudice towards people based on their race or ethnicity.

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Racism in the United States

Racism in the United States against non-whites is widespread and has been so the colonial era.

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Reactionary

A reactionary is a person who holds political views that favor a return to the status quo ante, the previous political state of society, which they believe possessed characteristics (discipline, respect for authority, etc.) that are negatively absent from the contemporary status quo of a society.

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Reason (magazine)

Reason is an American libertarian monthly magazine published by the Reason Foundation.

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Reconstruction era

The Reconstruction era was the period from 1863 (the Presidential Proclamation of December 8, 1863) to 1877.

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Red Knights (organization)

The Red Knights were a militant organization founded in 1923 to fight the anti-catholic Ku Klux Klan.

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Red Shirts (United States)

The Red Shirts or Redshirts of the Southern United States were white supremacist paramilitary groups that were active in the late 19th century in the last years and after the end of the Reconstruction era of the United States.

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Reinhold Niebuhr

Karl Paul Reinhold Niebuhr (June 21, 1892June 1, 1971) was an American theologian, ethicist, commentator on politics and public affairs, and professor at Union Theological Seminary for more than 30 years.

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Republican Party (United States)

The Republican Party, also referred to as the GOP (abbreviation for Grand Old Party), is one of the two major political parties in the United States, the other being its historic rival, the Democratic Party.

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Right to keep and bear arms

The right to keep and bear arms (often referred to as the right to bear arms) is the people's right to possess weapons (arms) for their own defense, as described in the philosophical and political writings of Aristotle, Cicero, John Locke, Machiavelli, the English Whigs and others.

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Robert Edward Chambliss

Robert Edward Chambliss (January 14, 1904 – October 29, 1985), also known as Dynamite Bob, was a terrorist convicted in 1977 of murder for his role as conspirator in the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing in 1963.

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Robert Relf

Robert Edward Relf (1924 – 12 October 2014) was an English political activist of the far right.

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Rory M. McVeigh

Rory M. McVeigh is an American sociologist, professor of sociology and director of the Center for the Study of Social Movements and the chair of the department of sociology at the University of Notre Dame.

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Rosewood massacre

The Rosewood massacre was a racially motivated massacre of black people and destruction of a black town that took place during the first week of January 1923 in rural Levy County, Florida.

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RT (TV network)

RT (formerly Russia Today) is a Russian international television network funded by the Russian government.

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Rufus Bullock

Rufus Brown Bullock (March 28, 1834 – April 27, 1907) was a Republican Party politician and businessman in Georgia.

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Same-sex marriage

Same-sex marriage (also known as gay marriage) is the marriage of a same-sex couple, entered into in a civil or religious ceremony.

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Samuel Bowers

Samuel Holloway Bowers (August 25, 1924 – November 5, 2006), former Ku Klux Klan Imperial Wizard, was a convicted murderer and leading white supremacist activist in Mississippi during the Civil Rights Movement.

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Samuel Green (Klansman)

Samuel Green (13 November 1889 – 18 August 1949) was a Grand Wizard of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan in the late 1940s, organizing its brief reformation.

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Saskatchewan

Saskatchewan is a prairie and boreal province in western Canada, the only province without natural borders.

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São Paulo

São Paulo is a municipality in the southeast region of Brazil.

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Scalawag

In United States history, scalawags were white Southerners who supported Reconstruction and the Republican Party, after the American Civil War.

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Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project

The Seattle Civil Rights and Labor History Project, one of the Pacific Northwest Labor and Civil Rights History Projects, is dedicated to social movements and labor history in the Pacific Northwest.

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Selma to Montgomery marches

The Selma to Montgomery marches were three protest marches, held in 1965, along the 54-mile (87 km) highway from Selma, Alabama to the state capital of Montgomery.

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Sify

Sify Technologies Limited is an Indian information and communications technology company providing end to end ICT solutions including Telecom Services, Data Center Services, Cloud & Managed services, Transformation Integration Services and Application Integration Services.

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Simon & Schuster

Simon & Schuster, Inc., a subsidiary of CBS Corporation, is an American publishing company founded in New York City in 1924 by Richard Simon and Max Schuster.

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Slate (magazine)

Slate is an online magazine that covers current affairs, politics, and culture in the United States from a liberal perspective.

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Social history

Social history, often called the new social history, is a field of history that looks at the lived experience of the past.

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Society of the United States

The society of the United States is based on Western culture, and has been developing since long before the United States became a country with its own unique social and cultural characteristics such as dialect, music, arts, social habits, cuisine, folklore, etc.

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Sons of Malta

The Independent Order of the Sons of Malta, was a fraternal order active in the mid-nineteenth century.

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Southern Europe

Southern Europe is the southern region of the European continent.

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Southern Methodist University

Southern Methodist University (commonly referred to as SMU) is a private research university in metropolitan Dallas, with its main campus spanning portions of the town of Highland Park and the cities of University Park and Dallas.

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Southern Poverty Law Center

The Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) is an American nonprofit legal advocacy organization specializing in civil rights and public interest litigation.

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Southern Publicity Association

The Southern Publicity Association was a fund-raising agency whose clients included the Anti-Saloon League, the Ku Klux Klan, the Red Cross.

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Southern Regional Council

The Southern Regional Council (SRC) is a reform-oriented organization created in 1944 to avoid racial violence and promote racial equality in the Southern United States.

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Southern United States

The Southern United States, also known as the American South, Dixie, Dixieland, or simply the South, is a region of the United States of America.

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St. Landry Parish, Louisiana

St.

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Stanley Horn

Stanley Fitzgerald Horn (May 27, 1889-1980) was a historian, businessman, and editor.

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Stetson Kennedy

William Stetson Kennedy (October 5, 1916 – August 27, 2011) was an American author, folklorist, and human rights activist.

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Stone Mountain

Stone Mountain is a quartz monzonite dome monadnock and the site of Stone Mountain Park near Stone Mountain, Georgia.

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Stormfront (website)

Stormfront is a Holocaust denying, white nationalist, white supremacist, antisemitic neo-Nazi Internet forum, and the Web's first major racial hate site.

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Suffrage

Suffrage, political franchise, or simply franchise is the right to vote in public, political elections (although the term is sometimes used for any right to vote).

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Superman

Superman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics.

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Swedish Americans

Swedish Americans (Svenskamerikaner) are an American ethnic group of people who have ancestral roots from Sweden.

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Synagogue

A synagogue, also spelled synagog (pronounced; from Greek συναγωγή,, 'assembly', בית כנסת, 'house of assembly' or, "house of prayer", Yiddish: שול shul, Ladino: אסנוגה or קהל), is a Jewish house of prayer.

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Tabor City, North Carolina

Tabor City, known as the "Yam Capital of the World", is a town in Columbus County, North Carolina, United States.

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Terrorism

Terrorism is, in the broadest sense, the use of intentionally indiscriminate violence as a means to create terror among masses of people; or fear to achieve a financial, political, religious or ideological aim.

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Texas

Texas (Texas or Tejas) is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population.

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The Adventures of Superman (radio)

The Adventures of Superman is a long-running radio serial that originally aired from 1940 to 1951 featuring the DC Comics character Superman.

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The Birth of a Nation

The Birth of a Nation (originally called The Clansman) is a 1915 American silent epic drama film directed and co-produced by D. W. Griffith and starring Lillian Gish.

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The Christian Science Monitor

The Christian Science Monitor (CSM) is a nonprofit news organization that publishes daily articles in electronic format as well as a weekly print edition.

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The Clansman: A Historical Romance of the Ku Klux Klan

The Clansman: A Historical Romance of the Ku Klux Klan is a novel published in 1905.

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The Crisis

The Crisis is the official magazine of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

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The Daily Telegraph

The Daily Telegraph, commonly referred to simply as The Telegraph, is a national British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed across the United Kingdom and internationally.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The Invisible Empire: The Ku Klux Klan in Florida

The Invisible Empire: The Ku Klux Klan in Florida is a 2001 book about the Ku Klux Klan by Michael Newton.

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The Journal of American History

The Journal of American History is the official academic journal of the Organization of American Historians.

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The Leopard's Spots

The Leopard's Spots is the first novel of Thomas Dixon's Ku Klux Klan trilogy that included The Clansman: A Historical Romance of the Ku Klux Klan and The Traitor.

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The Nation

The Nation is the oldest continuously published weekly magazine in the United States, and the most widely read weekly journal of progressive political and cultural news, opinion, and analysis.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The New Zealand Herald

The New Zealand Herald is a daily newspaper published in Auckland, New Zealand, owned by New Zealand Media and Entertainment.

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The Sydney Morning Herald

The Sydney Morning Herald (SMH) is a daily compact newspaper published by Fairfax Media in Sydney, Australia.

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Third Enforcement Act

The Enforcement Act of 1871, also known as the Civil Rights Act of 1871, Force Act of 1871, Ku Klux Klan Act, Third Enforcement Act, or Third Ku Klux Klan Act, is an Act of the United States Congress which empowered the President to suspend the writ of habeas corpus to combat the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) and other white supremacy organizations.

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Thomas Dixon Jr.

Thomas Frederick Dixon Jr. (January 11, 1864 – April 3, 1946) was a Southern Baptist minister, playwright, lecturer, North Carolina state legislator, lawyer, author, white supremacist and Ku Klux Klan apologist.

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Thomas Edwin Blanton Jr.

Thomas Edwin Blanton Jr. (born 1938) is an American terrorist and convicted felon, currently serving a life sentence for his role as conspirator in the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing in 1963 which killed four young African-American girls (Carole Robertson, Cynthia Wesley, Addie Mae Collins, and Denise McNair).

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Thomas Robb

Thomas Robb (born 1946) is the national director of The Knights Party also known as the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, and a pastor at the Christian Revival Center.

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Time (magazine)

Time is an American weekly news magazine and news website published in New York City.

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Tuscaloosa, Alabama

Tuscaloosa is a city in and the seat of Tuscaloosa County in west central Alabama (in the southeastern United States).

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Ulysses S. Grant

Ulysses Simpson Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant; April 27, 1822 – July 23, 1885) was an American soldier and statesman who served as Commanding General of the Army and the 18th President of the United States, the highest positions in the military and the government of the United States.

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Union County, Arkansas

Union County is a county located on the central southern border of the U.S. state of Arkansas.

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Union League

The Union Leagues were quasi-secretive, male-oriented "clubs" established during the American Civil War (1861–1865), to promote loyalty to the Union of the United States of America, the policies of newly elected 16th President Abraham Lincoln (1809–1865, served 1861–1865), and to combat what they believed to be the treasonous words and actions of anti-war, antiblack "Copperhead" Democrats.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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United Klans of America

The United Klans of America Inc. (UKA), based in Alabama, was one of the largest Ku Klux Klan organizations in the United States.

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United States presidential election, 1868

The United States presidential election of 1868 was the 21st quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 3, 1868.

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United States presidential election, 1928

The United States presidential election of 1928 was the 36th quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 6, 1928.

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United States v. Harris

United States v. Harris,, sometimes referred to as the Ku Klux Case, was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that it was unconstitutional for the federal government to penalize crimes such as assault and murder.

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University at Albany, SUNY

The State University of New York at Albany, also known as University at Albany, SUNY Albany or UAlbany, is a public research university with campuses in Albany, Guilderland, and Rensselaer, New York, United States.

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University of Akron

The University of Akron is a public research university in Akron, Ohio, United States.

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University of Alabama Press

The University of Alabama Press is a university press founded in 1945 and is the scholarly publishing arm of the University of Alabama.

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University of California Press

University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing.

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University of Georgia

The University of Georgia, also referred to as UGA or simply Georgia, is an American public comprehensive research university.

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University of Louisville

The University of Louisville (UofL) is a public university in Louisville, Kentucky, a member of the Kentucky state university system.

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University of Mississippi

The University of Mississippi (colloquially known as Ole Miss) is an American public research university located in Oxford, Mississippi.

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University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, also known as UNC, UNC Chapel Hill, the University of North Carolina, or simply Carolina, is a public research university located in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States.

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University of North Carolina Press

The University of North Carolina Press (or UNC Press), founded in 1922, is a university press that is part of the University of North Carolina.

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University of Notre Dame

The University of Notre Dame du Lac (or simply Notre Dame or ND) is a private, non-profit Catholic research university in the community of Notre Dame, Indiana, near the city of South Bend, in the United States.

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University of Southern California

The University of Southern California (USC or SC) is a private research university in Los Angeles, California.

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University Press of Florida

The University Press of Florida (UPF) is the scholarly publishing arm of the State University System of Florida, representing Florida's twelve state universities.

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Vanderbilt University

Vanderbilt University (informally Vandy) is a private research university in Nashville, Tennessee.

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Vernon Dahmer

Vernon Ferdinand Dahmer, Sr. (March 10, 1908 – January 10, 1966) was a leader with the Civil Rights Movement and president of the Forrest County chapter of the NAACP in Hattiesburg, Mississippi.

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Veterinary physician

A veterinary physician, usually called a vet, which is shortened from veterinarian (American English) or veterinary surgeon (British English), is a professional who practices veterinary medicine by treating diseases, disorders, and injuries in animals.

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Vigilante

A vigilante is a civilian or organization acting in a law enforcement capacity (or in the pursuit of self-perceived justice) without legal authority.

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Viola Liuzzo

Viola Fauver Gregg Liuzzo (April 11, 1925 – March 25, 1965) was a Unitarian Universalist civil rights activist from Michigan.

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W. Horace Carter

Walter Horace Carter (January 20, 1921 – September 16, 2009) was an American newspaper publisher in Tabor City, North Carolina, whose paper won a 1953 Pulitzer Prize for his reporting on the activities of the Ku Klux Klan and his editorials which opposed them.

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Wade Hampton III

Wade Hampton III (March 28, 1818April 11, 1902) was a Confederate States of America military officer during the American Civil War and politician from South Carolina.

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Walter Scott

Sir Walter Scott, 1st Baronet (15 August 1771 – 21 September 1832) was a Scottish historical novelist, playwright, poet and historian.

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Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington or D.C., is the capital of the United States of America.

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Western United States

The Western United States, commonly referred to as the American West, the Far West, or simply the West, traditionally refers to the region comprising the westernmost states of the United States.

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White House

The White House is the official residence and workplace of the President of the United States.

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White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan

The White Knights of the Ku Klux Klan are considered the most militant as well as the most violent chapter of the Ku Klux Klan in history.

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White League

The White League, also known as the White Man's League, was an American white paramilitary organization started in 1874 to kick Republicans out of office and intimidate freedmen from voting and politically organizing.

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White nationalism

White nationalism is a type of nationalism or pan-nationalism which holds the belief that white people are a raceHeidi Beirich and Kevin Hicks.

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White power skinhead

White power skinheads are members of a white supremacist and antisemitic offshoot of the skinhead subculture.

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White supremacy

White supremacy or white supremacism is a racist ideology based upon the belief that white people are superior in many ways to people of other races and that therefore white people should be dominant over other races.

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Whiteville, North Carolina

Whiteville is a city in Columbus County, North Carolina, United States.

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William Gannaway Brownlow

William Gannaway "Parson" Brownlow (August 29, 1805April 29, 1877) was an American newspaper publisher, Methodist minister, book author, prisoner of war, lecturer, and politician.

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William Gibbs McAdoo

William Gibbs McAdoo, Jr.McAdoo is variously differentiated from family members of the same name.

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William Joseph Simmons

William Joseph Simmons (May 6, 1880 – May 18, 1945) was the founder of the second Ku Klux Klan on Thanksgiving of 1915.

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William L. Sharkey

William Lewis Sharkey (July 12, 1798 – March 30, 1873) was an American judge and politician from Mississippi.

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William Woods Holden

William Woods Holden (November 24, 1818March 1, 1892) was the 38th and 40th Governor of North Carolina, who was appointed by President Andrew Johnson in 1865 for a brief term, and then elected in 1868, serving until 1871.

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WoodmenLife

WoodmenLife (officially Woodmen of the World Life Insurance Society) is a not-for-profit fraternal benefit society founded in 1890, based in Omaha, Nebraska, United States, that operates a large privately held insurance company for its members.

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Woodrow Wilson

Thomas Woodrow Wilson (December 28, 1856 – February 3, 1924) was an American statesman and academic who served as the 28th President of the United States from 1913 to 1921.

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Worcester, Massachusetts

Worcester is a city and the county seat of Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States.

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World Intellectual Property Organization

The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is one of the 15 specialized agencies of the United Nations (UN).

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Yale University

Yale University is an American private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut.

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Zinc, Arkansas

Zinc is a town in Boone County, Arkansas, United States.

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16th Street Baptist Church bombing

The 16th Street Baptist Church bombing was an act of white supremacist terrorism which occurred at the African American 16th Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, Alabama, on Sunday, September 15, 1963, when four members of the Ku Klux Klan planted at least 15 sticks of dynamite attached to a timing device beneath the steps located on the east side of the church.

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1924 Democratic National Convention

The 1924 Democratic National Convention, held at the Madison Square Garden in New York City from June 24 to July 9, 1924, was the longest continuously running convention in United States political history.

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Redirects here:

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan

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