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72 relations: Adrenal cortex, Alloimmunity, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Apoptosis, Astrocyte, Basal lamina, BBC, Biomarker, Biomaterial, Cell culture, Cell growth, Cell sorting, Central nervous system, Clinical trial, Darek Fidyka, Extracellular matrix, Fasciculation, Fever, Fibronectin, Gellan gum, Glia limitans, Glial fibrillary acidic protein, Graft-versus-host disease, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Immunology, In vitro, In vivo, Incubation period, Inflammation, Iron oxide nanoparticle, Low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor, Lysozyme, Magnetic resonance imaging, Mesenchyme, Microglia, Minimally invasive procedures, Mucous membrane, Myelin, Nasal placode, Nerve guidance conduit, Nervous system, Nestin (protein), Neural stem cell, Neurodegeneration, Neurogenesis, Neuroglia, Neuron, Neuroscience, Neurotrophic factors, Neurotrophin, ..., Olfaction, Olfactory bulb, Olfactory epithelium, Olfactory nerve, Olfactory receptor neuron, Olfactory system, Paraplegia, Peripheral nervous system, Petri dish, Phagocytosis, Radial glial cell, Regulatory T cell, Respiratory system, S100 protein, Schwann cell, Spinal cord injury, Tetraplegia, The Guardian, Toxicity, Urinary system, Vimentin, Vitreous body. Expand index (22 more) »
Adrenal cortex
Situated along the perimeter of the adrenal gland, the adrenal cortex mediates the stress response through the production of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids, such as aldosterone and cortisol, respectively.
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Alloimmunity
Alloimmunity (sometimes called isoimmunity) is an immune response to nonself antigens from members of the same species, which are called alloantigens or isoantigens.
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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neurone disease (MND), and Lou Gehrig's disease, is a specific disease which causes the death of neurons controlling voluntary muscles.
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Apoptosis
Apoptosis (from Ancient Greek ἀπόπτωσις "falling off") is a process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms.
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Astrocyte
Astrocytes (Astro from Greek astron.
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Basal lamina
The basal lamina is a layer of extracellular matrix secreted by the epithelial cells, on which the epithelium sits.
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BBC
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.
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Biomarker
A biomarker, or biological marker, generally refers to a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition.
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Biomaterial
A biomaterial is any substance that has been engineered to interact with biological systems for a medical purpose - either a therapeutic (treat, augment, repair or replace a tissue function of the body) or a diagnostic one.
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Cell culture
Cell culture is the process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside their natural environment.
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Cell growth
The term cell growth is used in the contexts of biological cell development and cell division (reproduction).
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Cell sorting
Cell sorting is a method used to separate cells isolated from an organism's tissues according to their type.
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Central nervous system
The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.
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Clinical trial
Clinical trials are experiments or observations done in clinical research.
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Darek Fidyka
Darek Fidyka (born c.1974) is a Polish firefighter and recovering paraplegic who became the first person in history to verifiably recover sensory and motor function after the complete severing of his spinal cord.
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Extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM) is a collection of extracellular molecules secreted by support cells that provides structural and biochemical support to the surrounding cells.
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Fasciculation
A fasciculation, or muscle twitch, is a small, local, involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation which may be visible under the skin.
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Fever
Fever, also known as pyrexia and febrile response, is defined as having a temperature above the normal range due to an increase in the body's temperature set-point.
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Fibronectin
Fibronectin is a high-molecular weight (~440kDa) glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix that binds to membrane-spanning receptor proteins called integrins.
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Gellan gum
Gellan gum is a water-soluble anionic polysaccharide produced by the bacterium Sphingomonas elodea (formerly Pseudomonas elodea).
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Glia limitans
The glia limitans, or the glial limiting membrane, is a thin barrier of astrocyte foot processes associated with the parenchymal basal lamina surrounding the brain and spinal cord.
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Glial fibrillary acidic protein
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) is a protein that is encoded by the GFAP gene in humans.
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Graft-versus-host disease
Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a medical complication following the receipt of transplanted tissue from a genetically different person.
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Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the transplantation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells, usually derived from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood.
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Immunology
Immunology is a branch of biology that covers the study of immune systems in all organisms.
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In vitro
In vitro (meaning: in the glass) studies are performed with microorganisms, cells, or biological molecules outside their normal biological context.
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In vivo
Studies that are in vivo (Latin for "within the living"; often not italicized in English) are those in which the effects of various biological entities are tested on whole, living organisms or cells, usually animals, including humans, and plants, as opposed to a tissue extract or dead organism.
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Incubation period
Incubation period is the time elapsed between exposure to a pathogenic organism, a chemical, or radiation, and when symptoms and signs are first apparent.
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Inflammation
Inflammation (from inflammatio) is part of the complex biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants, and is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators.
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Iron oxide nanoparticle
Iron oxide nanoparticles are iron oxide particles with diameters between about 1 and 100 nanometers.
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Low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor
The low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor (nerve growth factor receptor (TNFR superfamily, member 16), also called the LNGFR or p75 neurotrophin receptor) is one of the two receptor types for the neurotrophins, a family of protein growth factors that stimulate neuronal cells to survive and differentiate.
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Lysozyme
Lysozyme, also known as muramidase or N-acetylmuramide glycanhydrolase is an antimicrobial enzyme produced by animals that forms part of the innate immune system.
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Magnetic resonance imaging
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to form pictures of the anatomy and the physiological processes of the body in both health and disease.
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Mesenchyme
Mesenchyme, in vertebrate embryology, is a type of connective tissue found mostly during the development of the embryo.
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Microglia
Microglia are a type of neuroglia (glial cell) located throughout the brain and spinal cord.
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Minimally invasive procedures
Minimally invasive procedures (also known as minimally invasive surgeries) encompass surgical techniques that limit the size of incisions needed and so lessen wound healing time, associated pain and risk of infection.
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Mucous membrane
A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body and covers the surface of internal organs.
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Myelin
Myelin is a lipid-rich substance that surrounds the axon of some nerve cells, forming an electrically insulating layer.
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Nasal placode
The nasal placode (or olfactory placode) gives rise to the olfactory epithelium of the nose.
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Nerve guidance conduit
A nerve guidance conduit (also referred to as an artificial nerve conduit or artificial nerve graft, as opposed to an autograft) is an artificial means of guiding axonal regrowth to facilitate nerve regeneration and is one of several clinical treatments for nerve injuries.
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Nervous system
The nervous system is the part of an animal that coordinates its actions by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body.
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Nestin (protein)
Nestin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NES gene.
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Neural stem cell
Neural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing, multipotent cells that generate the neurons and glia of the nervous system of all animals during embryonic development.
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Neurodegeneration
Neurodegeneration is the progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, including death of neurons.
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Neurogenesis
Neurogenesis is the process by which nervous system cells, known as neurons, are produced by neural stem cells (NSC)s, and it occurs in all species of animals except the porifera (sponges) and placozoans.
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Neuroglia
Neuroglia, also called glial cells or simply glia, are non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system.
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Neuron
A neuron, also known as a neurone (British spelling) and nerve cell, is an electrically excitable cell that receives, processes, and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals.
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Neuroscience
Neuroscience (or neurobiology) is the scientific study of the nervous system.
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Neurotrophic factors
Neurotrophic factors (NTFs) are a family of biomolecules – nearly all of which are peptides or small proteins – that support the growth, survival, and differentiation of both developing and mature neurons.
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Neurotrophin
Neurotrophins are a family of proteins that induce the survival, development, and function of neurons.
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Olfaction
Olfaction is a chemoreception that forms the sense of smell.
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Olfactory bulb
The olfactory bulb (bulbus olfactorius) is a neural structure of the vertebrate forebrain involved in olfaction, the sense of smell.
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Olfactory epithelium
The olfactory epithelium is a specialized epithelial tissue inside the nasal cavity that is involved in smell.
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Olfactory nerve
The olfactory nerve is typically considered the first cranial nerve, or simply CN I, that contains sensory nerve fibers relating to smell.
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Olfactory receptor neuron
An olfactory receptor neuron (ORN), also called an olfactory sensory neuron (OSN), is a transduction cell within the olfactory system.
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Olfactory system
The olfactory system, or sense of smell, is the part of the sensory system used for smelling (olfaction).
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Paraplegia
Paraplegia is an impairment in motor or sensory function of the lower extremities.
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Peripheral nervous system
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is one of the two components of the nervous system, the other part is the central nervous system (CNS).
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Petri dish
A Petri dish (sometimes spelled "Petrie Dish" and alternatively known as a Petri plate or cell-culture dish), named after the German bacteriologist Julius Richard Petri, is a shallow cylindrical glass or plastic lidded dish that biologists use to culture cellssuch as bacteriaor small mosses.
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Phagocytosis
In cell biology, phagocytosis is the process by which a cell—often a phagocyte or a protist—engulfs a solid particle to form an internal compartment known as a phagosome.
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Radial glial cell
Radial glial cells are bipolar-shaped cells that span the width of the cortex in the developing vertebrate central nervous system (CNS) and serve as primary progenitor cells capable of generating neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes.
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Regulatory T cell
The regulatory T cells (Tregs), formerly known as suppressor T cells, are a subpopulation of T cells that modulate the immune system, maintain tolerance to self-antigens, and prevent autoimmune disease.
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Respiratory system
The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological system consisting of specific organs and structures used for gas exchange in animals and plants.
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S100 protein
The S100 proteins are a family of low-molecular-weight proteins found in vertebrates and characterized by two calcium-binding sites that have helix-loop-helix ("EF-hand type") conformation.
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Schwann cell
Schwann cells (named after physiologist Theodor Schwann) or neurolemmocytes are the principal glia of the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
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Spinal cord injury
A spinal cord injury (SCI) is damage to the spinal cord that causes temporary or permanent changes in its function.
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Tetraplegia
Tetraplegia, also known as quadriplegia, is paralysis caused by illness or injury that results in the partial or total loss of use of all four limbs and torso; paraplegia is similar but does not affect the arms.
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The Guardian
The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.
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Toxicity
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism.
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Urinary system
The urinary system, also known as the renal system or urinary tract, consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and the urethra.
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Vimentin
Vimentin is a structural protein that in humans is encoded by the VIM gene.
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Vitreous body
The vitreous body is the clear gel that fills the space between the lens and the retina of the eyeball of humans and other vertebrates.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olfactory_ensheathing_glia
