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PAL

Index PAL

Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a color encoding system for analogue television used in broadcast television systems in most countries broadcasting at 625-line / 50 field (25 frame) per second (576i). [1]

72 relations: Analog delay line, Analog television, ATSC standards, Baseband, BBC Two, Broadcast television systems, Broadcast-safe, Burst phase, Carrier frequency, Carrier wave, Channel 3 (Thailand), Chrominance, Color difference, Colorburst, Colorfulness, Colorimetry, Composite video, Differential gain, Digital television, Digital television transition, Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast, Digital Video Broadcasting, DirecTV, DVB-C, DVB-T, DVB-T2, DVD, Eastern Europe, European Broadcasting Union, European Committee for Standardization, Field (video), Frame rate, Frequency modulation, Hanover bars, Henri de France, Hertz, Hue, Interlaced video, International Telecommunication Union, ISDB, ISDB-T International, Luma (video), Moving image formats, Multichannel television sound, NTSC, NTSC-J, Ohm, PAL region, PALplus, Phase (waves), ..., Prewar television stations, Progressive scan, Quadrature amplitude modulation, RCA, RCA (trademark), Refresh rate, SCART, SECAM, Simulcast, South America, Subcarrier, Technicolor SA, Telefunken, Three-two pull down, Tint control, United Kingdom, Utility frequency, Walter Bruch, West Germany, YUV, 480i, 576i. Expand index (22 more) »

Analog delay line

An analog delay line is a network of electrical components connected in cascade, where each individual element creates a time difference or phase change between its input signal and its output signal.

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Analog television

Analog television or analogue television is the original television technology that uses analog signals to transmit video and audio.

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ATSC standards

Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) standards are a set of standards for digital television transmission over terrestrial, cable, and satellite networks.

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Baseband

Baseband is a signal that has a very narrow and near-zero frequency range, i.e. a spectral magnitude that is nonzero only for frequencies in the vicinity of the origin (termed f.

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BBC Two

BBC Two is the second flagship television channel of the British Broadcasting Corporation in the United Kingdom, Isle of Man and Channel Islands.

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Broadcast television systems

Broadcast television systems are encoding or formatting standards for the transmission and reception of terrestrial television signals.

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Broadcast-safe

Broadcast-safe video (broadcast legal or legal signal) is a term used in the broadcast industry to define video and audio compliant with the technical or regulatory broadcast requirements of the target area or region the feed might be broadcasting to.

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Burst phase

Burst phase is the first ten cycles of colorburst in the "porch" of the synchronising pulse in the PAL (Phase Alternation Line) broadcast television systems format.

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Carrier frequency

In telecommunication systems, Carrier frequency is a technical term used to indicate.

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Carrier wave

In telecommunications, a carrier wave, carrier signal, or just carrier, is a waveform (usually sinusoidal) that is modulated (modified) with an input signal for the purpose of conveying information.

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Channel 3 (Thailand)

Thailand Colour Television Channel 3 MCOT (สถานีโทรทัศน์ไทยทีวีสีช่อง 3), now known as Channel 3 Original was incorporated in 1969 and was officially launched it started began broadcasting on 26 March 1970 at 10:00 Bangkok Time as Thailand first commercial television station.

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Chrominance

Chrominance (chroma or C for short) is the signal used in video systems to convey the color information of the picture, separately from the accompanying luma signal (or Y for short).

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Color difference

The difference or distance between two colors is a metric of interest in color science.

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Colorburst

Colorburst is an analog video, composite video signal generated by a video-signal generator used to keep the chrominance subcarrier synchronized in a color television signal.

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Colorfulness

Colorfulness, chroma and saturation are attributes of perceived color relating to chromatic intensity.

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Colorimetry

Colorimetry is "the science and technology used to quantify and describe physically the human color perception." It is similar to spectrophotometry, but is distinguished by its interest in reducing spectra to the physical correlates of color perception, most often the CIE 1931 XYZ color space tristimulus values and related quantities.

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Composite video

Composite video (one channel) is an analog video transmission (without audio) that carries standard definition video typically at 480i or 576i resolution.

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Differential gain

Differential gain is a kind of linearity distortion which affects the color saturation in TV broadcasting.

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Digital television

Digital television (DTV) is the transmission of television signals, including the sound channel, using digital encoding, in contrast to the earlier television technology, analog television, in which the video and audio are carried by analog signals.

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Digital television transition

The digital television transition, also called the digital switchover, the analog switch-off (ASO), or the analog shutdown, is the process in which older analog television broadcasting is converted to and replaced by digital television.

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Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast

DTMB (Digital Terrestrial Multimedia Broadcast) is the TV standard for mobile and fixed terminals used in the People's Republic of China, Cuba, Hong Kong, and Macau.

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Digital Video Broadcasting

Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) is a set of internationally open standards for digital television.

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DirecTV

DirecTV (stylized as DIRECTV) is an American direct broadcast satellite service provider based in El Segundo, California and is a subsidiary of AT&T.

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DVB-C

DVB-C stands for "Digital Video Broadcasting - Cable" and it is the DVB European consortium standard for the broadcast transmission of digital television over cable.

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DVB-T

DVB-T is an abbreviation for "Digital Video Broadcasting — Terrestrial"; it is the DVB European-based consortium standard for the broadcast transmission of digital terrestrial television that was first published in 1997 and first broadcast in the UK in 1998.

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DVB-T2

DVB-T2 is an abbreviation for "Digital Video Broadcasting — Second Generation Terrestrial"; it is the extension of the television standard DVB-T, issued by the consortium DVB, devised for the broadcast transmission of digital terrestrial television.

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DVD

DVD (an abbreviation of "digital video disc" or "digital versatile disc") is a digital optical disc storage format invented and developed by Philips and Sony in 1995.

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Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe is the eastern part of the European continent.

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European Broadcasting Union

The European Broadcasting Union (EBU; Union européenne de radio-télévision, UER) is an alliance of public service media organisations, established on 12 February 1950.

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European Committee for Standardization

The European Committee for Standardization (CEN, Comité Européen de Normalisation) is a public standards organization whose mission is to foster the economy of the European Union (EU) in global trading, the welfare of European citizens and the environment by providing an efficient infrastructure to interested parties for the development, maintenance and distribution of coherent sets of standards and specifications.

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Field (video)

In video, a field is one of the many still images which are displayed sequentially to create the impression of motion on the screen.

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Frame rate

Frame rate (expressed in or fps) is the frequency (rate) at which consecutive images called frames appear on a display.

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Frequency modulation

In telecommunications and signal processing, frequency modulation (FM) is the encoding of information in a carrier wave by varying the instantaneous frequency of the wave.

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Hanover bars

Hanover bars, in one of the PAL television video formats, are an undesirable visual artifact in the reception of a television image.

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Henri de France

Henri Georges de France (7 September 1911 Paris – 29 April 1986 Paris) was a pioneering French television inventor.

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Hertz

The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the derived unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI) and is defined as one cycle per second.

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Hue

Hue is one of the main properties (called color appearance parameters) of a color, defined technically (in the CIECAM02 model), as "the degree to which a stimulus can be described as similar to or different from stimuli that are described as red, green, blue, and yellow", (which in certain theories of color vision are called unique hues).

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Interlaced video

Interlaced video is a technique for doubling the perceived frame rate of a video display without consuming extra bandwidth.

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International Telecommunication Union

The International Telecommunication Union (ITU; Union Internationale des Télécommunications (UIT)), originally the International Telegraph Union (Union Télégraphique Internationale), is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that is responsible for issues that concern information and communication technologies.

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ISDB

The Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting (ISDB) (Japanese:, Tōgō dejitaru hōsō sābisu) is a Japanese standard for digital television (DTV) and digital radio used by the country's radio and television networks.

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ISDB-T International

ISDB-T International, ISDB-Tb or SBTVD, short for Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão Digital (Brazilian Digital Television System), is a technical standard for digital television broadcast used in Brazil, Botswana, Peru, Argentina, Chile, Honduras, Venezuela, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Paraguay, Philippines, Bolivia, Nicaragua, El Salvador and Uruguay, based on the Japanese ISDB-T standard.

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Luma (video)

In video, luma represents the brightness in an image (the "black-and-white" or achromatic portion of the image).

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Moving image formats

This article discusses moving image capture, transmission and presentation from today's technical and creative points of view; concentrating on aspects of frame rates.

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Multichannel television sound

Multichannel television sound, better known as MTS (often still as BTSC, for the Broadcast Television Systems Committee that created it), is the method of encoding three additional channels of audio into an analog NTSC-format audio carrier.

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NTSC

NTSC, named after the National Television System Committee,National Television System Committee (1951–1953),, 17 v. illus., diagrs., tables.

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NTSC-J

NTSC-J is the discontinued analog television system and video display standard for the region of Japan that ceased operations in 44 of the country's 47 prefectures on July 24, 2011.

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Ohm

The ohm (symbol: Ω) is the SI derived unit of electrical resistance, named after German physicist Georg Simon Ohm.

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PAL region

The PAL region (PAL being short for Phase Alternating Line) is a television publication territory that covers most of Asia, Africa, Europe, South America and Oceania.

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PALplus

PALplus (or PAL+) is an analogue television broadcasting system aimed to improve and enhance the PAL format while remaining compatible with existing television receivers.

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Phase (waves)

Phase is the position of a point in time (an instant) on a waveform cycle.

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Prewar television stations

This is a list of pre-World War 2 television stations of the 1920s and 1930s.

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Progressive scan

Progressive scanning (alternatively referred to as noninterlaced scanning) is a way of displaying, storing, or transmitting moving images in which all the lines of each frame are drawn in sequence.

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Quadrature amplitude modulation

Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is the name of a family of digital modulation methods and a related family of analog modulation methods widely used in modern telecommunications to transmit information.

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RCA

The RCA Corporation was a major American electronics company, which was founded as the Radio Corporation of America in 1919.

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RCA (trademark)

RCA is an American trademark brand owned by French multinational corporation Technicolor SA, which is used on products made by that company as well as Voxx International, ON Corporation and Sony Music Entertainment.

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Refresh rate

The refresh rate (most commonly the "vertical refresh rate", "vertical scan rate" for cathode ray tubes) is the number of times in a second that a display hardware updates its buffer.

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SCART

SCART (from Syndicat des Constructeurs d'Appareils Radiorécepteurs et Téléviseurs, "Radio and Television Receiver Manufacturers' Association") is a French-originated standard and associated 21-pin connector for connecting audio-visual (AV) equipment.

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SECAM

SECAM, also written SÉCAM (Séquentiel couleur à mémoire, French for "Sequential colour with memory"), is an analogue color television system first used in France.

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Simulcast

Simulcast, a portmanteau of simultaneous broadcast, is the broadcasting of programs or events across more than one medium, or more than one service on the same medium, at exactly the same time (that is, simultaneously).

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South America

South America is a continent in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere.

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Subcarrier

A subcarrier is a sideband of a radio frequency carrier wave, which is modulated to send additional information.

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Technicolor SA

Technicolor SA, formerly Thomson SARL and Thomson Multimedia, is a French multinational corporation that provides services and products for the communication, media and entertainment industries.

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Telefunken

Telefunken was a German radio and television apparatus company, founded in Berlin in 1903, as a joint venture of Siemens & Halske and the Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft (AEG) (General electricity company).

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Three-two pull down

Three-two pull down (3:2 pull down) is a term used in filmmaking and television production for the post-production process of transferring film to video.

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Tint control

Because the NTSC color television standard relies on the absolute phase of the color information, color errors occur when the phase of the video signal is altered between source and receiver, or due to non linearities in electronics.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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Utility frequency

The utility frequency, (power) line frequency (American English) or mains frequency (British English) is the nominal frequency of the oscillations of alternating current (AC) in an electric power grid transmitted from a power station to the end-user.

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Walter Bruch

Walter Bruch (2 March 1908, Neustadt an der Weinstraße – 5 May 1990, Hannover) was a German electrical engineer and pioneer of German television.

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West Germany

West Germany is the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; Bundesrepublik Deutschland, BRD) in the period between its creation on 23 May 1949 and German reunification on 3 October 1990.

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YUV

YUV is a color encoding system typically used as part of a color image pipeline.

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480i

480i is a shorthand name for the video mode used for standard-definition analog or digital television in Caribbean, Myanmar, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Philippines, Laos, Western Sahara, and most of the Americas (with the exception of Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay).

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576i

576i is a standard-definition video mode originally used for broadcast television in most countries of the world where the utility frequency for electric power distribution is 50 Hz.

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Redirects here:

ITU-R BT.470-6, PAL 60, PAL Networks, PAL format, PAL-A, PAL-B, PAL-E, PAL-N, PAL-NC, PAL/E, PAL50, PAL60, Phase Alternating Line, Phase alternating line, Phase alternation line, Phase-alternating line.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PAL

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