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260 relations: Alberic of Ostia, Alessandro Albani, Alessandro Farnese (cardinal), Alfonso Gesualdo, Alfonso XIII of Spain, Alfredo Ottaviani, Altar, Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy, Amedeo di Saluzzo, Anagni, Andouin Aubert, Antipope Alexander V, Antipope Benedict XIII, Antipope Callixtus III, Antipope Clement VII, Antipope Clement VIII, Antipope John XXIII, Antipope Nicholas V, Antipope Paschal III, Antipope Victor IV (1159–1164), Antonio Doria Pamphili, Apostolic Blessing, Apostolic constitution, Archbasilica of St. John Lateran, Archbishop, Avignon, Avignon Papacy, Éamon de Valera, Bartolomeo Pacca, Basel, Benedetto Pamphili, Bernard Fitzalan-Howard, 16th Duke of Norfolk, Bertrand de Saint-Martin, Bishop, Bologna, Camillo Caccia Dominioni, Canonical coronation, Cardinal (Catholic Church), Cardinal de Bouillon, Carlo de' Medici, Cathedra, Cathedral, Collect, Confiteor, Cope, Deacon, Dean of the College of Cardinals, Enthronement, Fabrizio Ruffo, Farfa Abbey, ..., Ferdinand I of Bulgaria, Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, Ferrara, Flabellum, Flax, Fondi, Francesco Maidalchini, Francesco Moricotti Prignani, Francesco Pisani, Francesco Salesio Della Volpe, Francesco Sforza (cardinal), Gaetano Bisleti, Gaillard de la Mothe, George VI, Gian Giacomo Teodoro Trivulzio, Girolamo Simoncelli, Giulio della Rovere, Giuseppe Albani, Gloria in excelsis Deo, Goffredo da Alatri, Gregorio Tarquini, Grottaferrata, Guillaume d'Estouteville, Guy of Boulogne, Habemus Papam, Henry II of Leez, Hugh Aycelin, Imar of Tusculum, Index of Vatican City-related articles, Innocenzo Cybo, Ireland, Italian unification, Jean du Bellay, Jean-Allarmet de Brogny, King, L'Aquila, Lateran Palace, Latino Malabranca Orsini, List of papal tiaras in existence, Louis Aleman, Luigi Macchi, Lyon, Margrave Andrew of Burgau, Master of ceremonies, Matteo Rosso Orsini (cardinal), Mitre, Monastery, Naples, Napoleon, Napoleone Orsini Frangipani, Niccolò Fortiguerra, Nicola Canali, Odo of Châteauroux, Onorato I Caetani, Order of Saint Benedict, Orsini family, Orvieto, Ottaviano dei Conti di Segni, Ottaviano di Paoli, Pallium, Papal conclave, Papal election, 1154, Papal election, 1185, Papal inauguration, Papal Mass, Papal tiara, Patriarch, Peniscola, Pisa, Pontiff, Pope, Pope Adrian IV, Pope Adrian VI, Pope Alexander III, Pope Alexander IV, Pope Alexander VI, Pope Alexander VII, Pope Alexander VIII, Pope Anastasius IV, Pope Benedict XI, Pope Benedict XII, Pope Benedict XIII, Pope Benedict XIV, Pope Benedict XV, Pope Boniface IX, Pope Boniface VIII, Pope Callixtus III, Pope Celestine II, Pope Celestine III, Pope Celestine V, Pope Clement III, Pope Clement IV, Pope Clement IX, Pope Clement V, Pope Clement VI, Pope Clement VII, Pope Clement VIII, Pope Clement X, Pope Clement XI, Pope Clement XII, Pope Clement XIII, Pope Clement XIV, Pope Eugene III, Pope Eugene IV, Pope Gregory IX, Pope Gregory VIII, Pope Gregory X, Pope Gregory XI, Pope Gregory XII, Pope Gregory XIII, Pope Gregory XIV, Pope Gregory XV, Pope Gregory XVI, Pope Honorius III, Pope Honorius IV, Pope Innocent III, Pope Innocent IV, Pope Innocent IX, Pope Innocent V, Pope Innocent VI, Pope Innocent VII, Pope Innocent VIII, Pope Innocent X, Pope Innocent XI, Pope Innocent XII, Pope Innocent XIII, Pope John Paul I, Pope John Paul II, Pope John XXI, Pope John XXII, Pope John XXIII, Pope Julius II, Pope Julius III, Pope Leo X, Pope Leo XI, Pope Leo XII, Pope Leo XIII, Pope Lucius II, Pope Lucius III, Pope Marcellus II, Pope Martin IV, Pope Martin V, Pope Nicholas I, Pope Nicholas III, Pope Nicholas IV, Pope Nicholas V, Pope Paul II, Pope Paul III, Pope Paul IV, Pope Paul V, Pope Paul VI, Pope Pius II, Pope Pius III, Pope Pius IV, Pope Pius IX, Pope Pius V, Pope Pius VI, Pope Pius VII, Pope Pius VIII, Pope Pius X, Pope Pius XI, Pope Pius XII, Pope Sixtus IV, Pope Sixtus V, Pope Urban III, Pope Urban IV, Pope Urban V, Pope Urban VI, Pope Urban VIII, Prince-Bishopric of Liège, Prisoner in the Vatican, Prospero Caterini, Prospero Colonna (cardinal), Protodeacon, Raffaele Riario, Raniero Capocci, Regnal year, Reign, Rinaldo Brancaccio, Rinaldo d'Este (1618–1672), Roman Catholic Diocese of Castello, Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Albano, Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Ostia, Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Porto-Santa Rufina, Romano Pontifici eligendo, Salute, Sedia gestatoria, Sic transit gloria mundi, Sistine Chapel, Solemn Mass, Spanish language, St. Peter's Basilica, St. Peter's Square, Subdeacon, Taoiseach, Teodolfo Mertel, Terce, Theobald of Ostia, Throne, Tommaso Orsini, Tommaso Riario Sforza, Umberto II of Italy, Universi Dominici gregis, Urbi et Orbi, Vatican City, Velletri, Venice, Verona, Viterbo, White tie. Expand index (210 more) »
Alberic of Ostia
Alberic of Ostia (1080–1148) was a Benedictine monk, and Cardinal Bishop of Ostia from 1138 to 1148.
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Alessandro Albani
Alessandro Albani (15 October 1692 – 11 December 1779) was a prominent jurist and papal administrator, remembered best as a leading collector of antiquities and art patron in Rome.
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Alessandro Farnese (cardinal)
Alessandro Farnese (5 October 1520 – 2 March 1589), an Italian cardinal and diplomat and a great collector and patron of the arts, was the grandson of Pope Paul III (who also bore the name Alessandro Farnese), and the son of Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma, who was murdered in 1547.
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Alfonso Gesualdo
Alfonso Gesualdo di Conza (20 October 1540–14 February 1603) was an Italian Cardinal, from 1561.
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Alfonso XIII of Spain
Alfonso XIII (Spanish: Alfonso León Fernando María Jaime Isidro Pascual Antonio de Borbón y Habsburgo-Lorena; 17 May 1886 – 28 February 1941) was King of Spain from 1886 until the proclamation of the Second Republic in 1931.
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Alfredo Ottaviani
Alfredo Ottaviani (29 October 1890 – 3 August 1979) was an Italian cardinal of the Catholic Church.
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Altar
An altar is any structure upon which offerings such as sacrifices are made for religious purposes, and by extension the 'Holy table' of post-reformation Anglican churches.
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Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy
Amadeus VIII (4 September 1383 – 7 January 1451) was a Savoyard nobleman, the son of Amadeus VII, Count of Savoy and Bonne of Berry.
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Amedeo di Saluzzo
Amedeo di Saluzzo (1361-28 June 1419) was a cardinal during the Western Schism.
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Anagni
Anagni is an ancient town and comune in the province of Frosinone, Latium, central Italy, in the hills east-southeast of Rome.
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Andouin Aubert
Audouin Aubert (Aldouin Alberti, or Andouin) (died 1363) was a French jurist, bishop and Cardinal.
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Antipope Alexander V
Peter of Candia or Peter Phillarges (c. 1339 – May 3, 1410) as Alexander V (Alexander PP.) (Alessandro V) was a nominal pope elected during the Western Schism (1378–1417).
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Antipope Benedict XIII
Pedro Martínez de Luna y Pérez de Gotor (25 November 1328 – 23 May 1423), known as el Papa Luna in Spanish and Pope Luna in English, was an Aragonese nobleman, who as Benedict XIII, is considered an antipope (see Western Schism) by the Catholic Church.
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Antipope Callixtus III
Antipope Callixtus III or Callistus III (died before 19 October 1183) was Antipope from September 1168 to 29 August 1178.
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Antipope Clement VII
Robert of Geneva (Robert de Genève) (1342 – 16 September 1394) was elected to the papacy as Clement VII (Clément VII) by the French cardinals who opposed Urban VI, and was the first antipope residing in Avignon, France.
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Antipope Clement VIII
Gil Sánchez Muñoz y Carbón, was one of the antipopes of the Avignon line, reigning from 10 June 1423 to 26 July 1429 as Clement VIII.
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Antipope John XXIII
Baldassarre Cossa (c. 1370 – 22 December 1419) was Pisan antipope John XXIII (1410–1415) during the Western Schism.
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Antipope Nicholas V
Nicholas V, born Pietro Rainalducci (c. 125816 October 1333) was an antipope in Italy from 12 May 1328 to 25 July 1330 during the pontificate of Pope John XXII (1316–34) at Avignon.
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Antipope Paschal III
Antipope Paschal III (or Paschal III) was Antipope from 1164 to 20 September 1168.
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Antipope Victor IV (1159–1164)
Victor IV (born Octavian or Octavianus: Ottaviano dei Crescenzi Ottaviani di Monticelli) (1095 – 20 April, 1164) was elected as a Ghibelline antipope in 1159, following the death of Pope Adrian IV and the election of Alexander III.
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Antonio Doria Pamphili
Antonio Doria Pamphilj (March 28, 1749 in Naples – January 31, 1821 in Rome) was an Italian Cardinal from a prominent Neapolitan noble family of Genoese heritage.
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Apostolic Blessing
The Apostolic Blessing or papal blessing is a blessing imparted by the Pope, either directly or by delegation through others.
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Apostolic constitution
An apostolic constitution (constitutio apostolica) is the highest level of decree issued by the Pope.
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Archbasilica of St. John Lateran
The Cathedral of the Most Holy Savior and of Saints John the Baptist and the Evangelist in the Lateran, (Santissimo Salvatore e Santi Giovanni Battista ed Evangelista in Laterano) - also known as the Papal Archbasilica of St.
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Archbishop
In Christianity, an archbishop (via Latin archiepiscopus, from Greek αρχιεπίσκοπος, from αρχι-, 'chief', and επίσκοπος, 'bishop') is a bishop of higher rank or office.
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Avignon
Avignon (Avenio; Provençal: Avignoun, Avinhon) is a commune in south-eastern France in the department of Vaucluse on the left bank of the Rhône river.
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Avignon Papacy
The Avignon Papacy was the period from 1309 to 1376 during which seven successive popes resided in Avignon (then in the Kingdom of Arles, part of the Holy Roman Empire, now in France) rather than in Rome.
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Éamon de Valera
Éamon de Valera (first registered as George de Valero; changed some time before 1901 to Edward de Valera; 14 October 1882 – 29 August 1975) was a prominent statesman and political leader in 20th-century Ireland.
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Bartolomeo Pacca
Bartolomeo Pacca (27 December 1756, Benevento – 19 February 1844) was an Italian Cardinal, scholar and statesman as Cardinal Secretary of State.
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Basel
Basel (also Basle; Basel; Bâle; Basilea) is a city in northwestern Switzerland on the river Rhine.
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Benedetto Pamphili
Benedetto Pamphili (often with the final long i orthography, Pamphilj) (25 April 1653 – 22 March 1730) was an Italian cardinal, patron of the arts, composer and librettist.
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Bernard Fitzalan-Howard, 16th Duke of Norfolk
Bernard Marmaduke Fitzalan-Howard, 16th Duke of Norfolk, (30 May 1908 – 31 January 1975), styled Earl of Arundel and Surrey until 1917, was a British peer and politician.
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Bertrand de Saint-Martin
Bertrand de Saint-Martin (died March 28 or 29, 1278) was a French cardinal.
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Bishop
A bishop (English derivation from the New Testament of the Christian Bible Greek επίσκοπος, epískopos, "overseer", "guardian") is an ordained, consecrated, or appointed member of the Christian clergy who is generally entrusted with a position of authority and oversight.
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Bologna
Bologna (Bulåggna; Bononia) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna Region in Northern Italy.
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Camillo Caccia Dominioni
Camillo Caccia-Dominioni (7 February 1877 – 12 November 1946) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.
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Canonical coronation
A canonical coronation (coronatio canonica) is a pious institutional act of the Pope, duly expressed in a Papal bull in which oftentimes a Papal legate or Papal nuncio, or at rare occasions the Pontiff himself designates a crown, tiara, or stellar halo to a Christological, Marian, or Josephian image with a specific devotional title that is prominently venerated in a particular diocese or locality.
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Cardinal (Catholic Church)
A cardinal (Sanctae Romanae Ecclesiae cardinalis, literally Cardinal of the Holy Roman Church) is a senior ecclesiastical leader, considered a Prince of the Church, and usually an ordained bishop of the Roman Catholic Church.
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Cardinal de Bouillon
Emmanuel Théodose de La Tour d'Auvergne (24 August 1643 – 2 March 1715, Rome) was a French prelate and diplomat, known as the Cardinal de Bouillon.
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Carlo de' Medici
Carlo di Cosimo de' Medici (1428 or 1430 – May 29, 1492) was an Italian priest.
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Cathedra
A cathedra (Latin, "chair", from Greek, καθέδρα kathédra, "seat") or bishop's throne is the seat of a bishop.
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Cathedral
A cathedral is a Christian church which contains the seat of a bishop, thus serving as the central church of a diocese, conference, or episcopate.
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Collect
The collect is a short general prayer of a particular structure used in Christian liturgy.
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Confiteor
The "Confiteor" (so named from its first word, or incipit in Latin, meaning "I confess" or "I acknowledge") is one of the prayers that can be said during the Penitential Act at the beginning of Mass of the Roman Rite in the Catholic Church.
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Cope
The cope (known in Latin as pluviale 'rain coat' or cappa 'cape') is a liturgical vestment, more precisely a long mantle or cloak, open in front and fastened at the breast with a band or clasp.
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Deacon
A deacon is a member of the diaconate, an office in Christian churches that is generally associated with service of some kind, but which varies among theological and denominational traditions.
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Dean of the College of Cardinals
The Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals (Decanus Sacri Collegii) is the dean (president) of the College of Cardinals in the Roman Catholic Church.
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Enthronement
An enthronement is a ceremony of inauguration, involving a person—usually a monarch or religious leader—being formally seated for the first time upon their throne.
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Fabrizio Ruffo
Fabrizio Ruffo (16 September 1744 – 13 December 1827) was an Italian cardinal and politician, who led the popular anti-republican Sanfedismo movement (whose members were known as the Sanfedisti).
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Farfa Abbey
Farfa Abbey (Abbazia di Farfa) is a territorial abbey in northern Lazio, central Italy.
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Ferdinand I of Bulgaria
Ferdinand I (Фердинанд I; 26 February 1861 – 10 September 1948),Louda, 1981, ''Lines of Succession'', Table 149 born Ferdinand Maximilian Karl Leopold Maria of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, was the second monarch of the Third Bulgarian State, firstly as knyaz (ruling prince) from 1887 to 1908, and later as tsar (emperor) from 1908 until his abdication in 1918.
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Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany
Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany (30 July 1549 – 17 February 1609) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1587 to 1609, having succeeded his older brother Francesco I.
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Ferrara
Ferrara (Ferrarese: Fràra) is a town and comune in Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy, capital of the Province of Ferrara.
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Flabellum
A flabellum (plural flabella), in Christian liturgical use, is a fan made of metal, leather, silk, parchment or feathers, intended to keep away insects from the consecrated Body and Blood of Christ and from the priest, as well as to show honour.
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Flax
Flax (Linum usitatissimum), also known as common flax or linseed, is a member of the genus Linum in the family Linaceae.
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Fondi
Fondi (Fundi) is a city and comune in the province of Latina, Lazio, central Italy, halfway between Rome and Naples.
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Francesco Maidalchini
Francesco Maidalchini (21 April 1631 – 13 June 1700) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.
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Francesco Moricotti Prignani
Francesco Moricotti Prignani (Prignano) (died 1394) was an Italian bishop and Cardinal.
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Francesco Pisani
Francesco Pisani (1494 – 28 June 1570) was an Italian Cardinal, Catholic-Hierarchy.org.
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Francesco Salesio Della Volpe
Francesco Salesio Della Volpe (24 December 1844 in Ravenna, Italy - 5 November 1916 in Rome, Italy) was an Italian Catholic Cardinal from a noble family.
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Francesco Sforza (cardinal)
Francesco Sforza (1562–1624) was an Italian cardinal and bishop.
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Gaetano Bisleti
Gaetano Bisleti S.T.D. (20 March 1856 – 30 August 1937) was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and was former Prefect of the Sacred Congregation for Catholic Education.
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Gaillard de la Mothe
Gaillard de La Mothe (also spelled de La Motte, de LaMotte, della Motta) was a fifteenth-century prelate and Cardinal, of Gascon extraction.
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George VI
George VI (Albert Frederick Arthur George; 14 December 1895 – 6 February 1952) was King of the United Kingdom and the Dominions of the British Commonwealth from 11 December 1936 until his death in 1952.
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Gian Giacomo Teodoro Trivulzio
Giovanni (Gian) Giacomo Teodoro Trivulzio (1597 – 3 August 1656) was an Italian Cardinal who held several high functions in service of the Spanish Crown.
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Girolamo Simoncelli
Girolamo Simoncelli (1522, Orvieto, then in the Papal States – 24 February 1605, Rome) was an Italian cardinal.
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Giulio della Rovere
Giulio della Rovere, also known as Giulio Feltrio della Rovere (5 April 1533 – 3 September 1578) was an Italian Catholic Cardinal of the della Rovere family.
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Giuseppe Albani
Giuseppe (Andrea) Albani (13 September 1750 – 3 December 1834) was an Italian Roman Catholic Cardinal.
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Gloria in excelsis Deo
"Gloria in excelsis Deo" (Latin for "Glory to God in the highest") is a Christian hymn known also as the Greater Doxology (as distinguished from the "Minor Doxology" or Gloria Patri) and the Angelic HymnOxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (Oxford University Press 2005), article Gloria in Excelsis/Hymn of the Angels.
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Goffredo da Alatri
Goffredo di Raynaldo (da Alatri, Goffredo da Alatri, Goffredo di Alatri) (born at Alatri at the beginning of the 13th century, died in Rome, April or May, 1287), was an Italian nobleman, city leader and Roman Catholic cardinal.
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Gregorio Tarquini
Gregorio Tarquini (died 1145) was an Italian cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.
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Grottaferrata
Grottaferrata is a small town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome, situated on the lower slopes of the Alban Hills, south east of Rome.
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Guillaume d'Estouteville
Guillaume d'Estouteville, (ca. 1412–1483) was a French aristocrat of royal blood who became a leading bishop and cardinal.
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Guy of Boulogne
Guy of Boulogne (1313 – 25 November 1373) was a statesman and cardinal who served the Avignon Papacy for 33 years.
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Habemus Papam
Habemus Papam! ("We Have a Pope!") is the announcement given in Latin by the Cardinal Protodeacon, the senior Cardinal Deacon, upon the election of a new Roman Catholic pope.
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Henry II of Leez
Henry II of Leez (died 4 September 1164) was prince-bishop of Liège from 1145 until his death.
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Hugh Aycelin
Hugh Aycelin (1230, Billom – 28 December 1297, Rome) was a French Cardinal.
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Imar of Tusculum
Imar, O.S.B. Cluny (died at Cluny on October 28, 1161) was a French Benedictine abbot, who served as a bishop and cardinal.
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Index of Vatican City-related articles
This is an index of Vatican City-related topics.
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Innocenzo Cybo
Innocenzo Cibo (25 August 1491 – 13 April 1550) was an Italian cardinal and archbishop.
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Ireland
Ireland (Éire; Ulster-Scots: Airlann) is an island in the North Atlantic.
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Italian unification
Italian unification (Unità d'Italia), or the Risorgimento (meaning "the Resurgence" or "revival"), was the political and social movement that consolidated different states of the Italian peninsula into the single state of the Kingdom of Italy in the 19th century.
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Jean du Bellay
Jean du Bellay (1492 – 16 February 1560) was a French diplomat and cardinal, a younger brother of Guillaume du Bellay, and cousin and patron of the poet Joachim du Bellay.
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Jean-Allarmet de Brogny
Jean-Allarmet de Brogny (1342 - 16 February 1426) was a French Cardinal.
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King
King, or King Regnant is the title given to a male monarch in a variety of contexts.
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L'Aquila
L'Aquila (meaning "The Eagle") is a city and comune in Southern Italy, both the capital city of the Abruzzo region and of the Province of L'Aquila.
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Lateran Palace
The Lateran Palace (Palatium Lateranense), formally the Apostolic Palace of the Lateran (Palatium Apostolicum Lateranense), is an ancient palace of the Roman Empire and later the main papal residence in southeast Rome.
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Latino Malabranca Orsini
Latino Malabranca Orsini (b. at Rome, year unknown – d. 10 August 1294, Perugia) was a Roman noble, an Italian cardinal of the Holy Roman Church, and nephew of Pope Nicholas III.
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List of papal tiaras in existence
The papal tiara is the crown worn by popes of the Catholic Church for centuries, until 1978 when Pope John Paul I declined a coronation, opting instead for an inauguration.
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Louis Aleman
Blessed Louis Aleman (16 September 1450) was a French Roman Catholic cardinal and a professed member of the now-suppressed Canons Regular of Saint John Baptist.
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Luigi Macchi
Luigi Macchi (3 March 1832, in Viterbo – 29 March 1907, in Rome) was an Italian Catholic nobleman and a Cardinal.
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Lyon
Lyon (Liyon), is the third-largest city and second-largest urban area of France.
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Margrave Andrew of Burgau
Andreas von Österreich, Margrave of Burgau, also known as Andrew of Austria (15 June 1558 at Březnice Castle in Březnice, Bohemia – 12 November 1600 in Rome) was a cardinal, Bishop of Constance and of Brixen.
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Master of ceremonies
A master of ceremonies, abbreviated M.C. or emcee, also called compère and announcer, is the official host of a ceremony, a staged event or similar performance.
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Matteo Rosso Orsini (cardinal)
Matteo Rosso Orsini (c. 1230 in Rome – 4 September 1305 in Perugia), was a Roman aristocrat, politician, diplomat, and Roman Catholic Cardinal.
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Mitre
The mitre (British English) (Greek: μίτρα, "headband" or "turban") or miter (American English; see spelling differences), is a type of headgear now known as the traditional, ceremonial head-dress of bishops and certain abbots in traditional Christianity.
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Monastery
A monastery is a building or complex of buildings comprising the domestic quarters and workplaces of monastics, monks or nuns, whether living in communities or alone (hermits).
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Naples
Naples (Napoli, Napule or; Neapolis; lit) is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest municipality in Italy after Rome and Milan.
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Napoleon
Napoléon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French statesman and military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars.
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Napoleone Orsini Frangipani
Napoleone Orsini (1263 – 24 March 1342) was a Roman Cardinal.
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Niccolò Fortiguerra
Niccolò Fortiguerra (also spelled Forteguerri) (1419 – 21 December 1473) was an Italian papal legate, military commander, and Cardinal.
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Nicola Canali
Nicola Canali (6 June 1874 – 3 August 1961) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.
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Odo of Châteauroux
Odo or Eudes of Châteauroux (–25 January 1273), also known as and by many other names, was a French theologian and scholastic philosopher, papal legate and Cardinal.
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Onorato I Caetani
Onorato I Caetani (1336 – 20 April 1400) was an Italian nobleman, who was the count of Fondi from 1348 and the Great Conestable of the Kingdom of Naples also from 1348.
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Order of Saint Benedict
The Order of Saint Benedict (OSB; Latin: Ordo Sancti Benedicti), also known as the Black Monksin reference to the colour of its members' habitsis a Catholic religious order of independent monastic communities that observe the Rule of Saint Benedict.
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Orsini family
The Orsini family is an Italian noble family; it was one of the most influential princely families in medieval Italy and renaissance Rome.
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Orvieto
Orvieto is a city and comune in the Province of Terni, southwestern Umbria, Italy situated on the flat summit of a large butte of volcanic tuff.
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Ottaviano dei Conti di Segni
Ottaviano dei Conti di Segni (died January 29, 1234) was an Italian cardinal and cardinal-nephew of Pope Innocent III, his cousin who elevated him probably in May 1206.
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Ottaviano di Paoli
Ottaviano di Paoli (surname given variously) (died 1206) was an Italian Cardinal.
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Pallium
The pallium (derived from the Roman pallium or palla, a woolen cloak;: pallia) is an ecclesiastical vestment in the Roman Catholic Church, originally peculiar to the Pope, but for many centuries bestowed by him on metropolitans and primates as a symbol of the jurisdiction delegated to them by the Holy See.
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Papal conclave
A papal conclave is a meeting of the College of Cardinals convened to elect a Bishop of Rome, also known as the Pope.
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Papal election, 1154
The papal election of 1154 followed the death of Pope Anastasius IV and resulted in the election of Pope Adrian IV, the only Englishman to become pope.
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Papal election, 1185
The papal election of 1185 (held November 25) was a convoked after the death of Pope Lucius III.
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Papal inauguration
Papal inauguration is a liturgical service of the Catholic Church within Mass celebrated in the Roman Rite but with elements of Byzantine Rite for the ecclesiastical investiture of a pope.
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Papal Mass
A Papal Mass is the Solemn Pontifical High Mass celebrated by the Pope himself.
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Papal tiara
The papal tiara is a crown that was worn by popes of the Catholic Church from as early as the 8th century to the mid-20th.
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Patriarch
The highest-ranking bishops in Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, the Catholic Church (above major archbishop and primate), and the Church of the East are termed patriarchs (and in certain cases also popes).
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Peniscola
Peníscola or Peñíscola, anglicised as Peniscola, is a municipality in the Province of Castellón, Valencian Community, Spain.
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Pisa
Pisa is a city in the Tuscany region of Central Italy straddling the Arno just before it empties into the Ligurian Sea.
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Pontiff
A pontiff (from Latin pontifex) was, in Roman antiquity, a member of the most illustrious of the colleges of priests of the Roman religion, the College of Pontiffs.
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Pope
The pope (papa from πάππας pappas, a child's word for "father"), also known as the supreme pontiff (from Latin pontifex maximus "greatest priest"), is the Bishop of Rome and therefore ex officio the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church.
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Pope Adrian IV
Pope Adrian IV (Adrianus IV; born Nicholas Breakspear; 1 September 1159), also known as Hadrian IV, was Pope from 4 December 1154 to his death in 1159.
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Pope Adrian VI
Pope Adrian VI (Hadrianus VI), born Adriaan Florensz Boeyens (2 March 1459 – 14 September 1523), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 9 January 1522 until his death on 14 September 1523.
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Pope Alexander III
Pope Alexander III (c. 1100/1105 – 30 August 1181), born Roland of Siena, was Pope from 7 September 1159 to his death in 1181.
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Pope Alexander IV
Pope Alexander IV (1199 or ca. 1185 – 25 May 1261) was Pope from 12 December 1254 to his death in 1261.
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Pope Alexander VI
Pope Alexander VI, born Rodrigo de Borja (de Borja, Rodrigo Lanzol y de Borja; 1 January 1431 – 18 August 1503), was Pope from 11 August 1492 until his death.
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Pope Alexander VII
Pope Alexander VII (13 February 159922 May 1667), born Fabio Chigi, was Pope from 7 April 1655 to his death in 1667.
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Pope Alexander VIII
Pope Alexander VIII (22 April 1610 – 1 February 1691), born Pietro Vito Ottoboni, was Pope from 6 October 1689 to his death in 1691.
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Pope Anastasius IV
Pope Anastasius IV (c. 1073 – 3 December 1154), born Corrado Demetri della Suburra, was Pope from 8 July 1153 to his death in 1154.
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Pope Benedict XI
Pope Benedict XI (Benedictus XI; 1240 – 7 July 1304), born Nicola Boccasini, (Niccolò of Treviso) was Pope from 22 October 1303 to his death on 7 July, 1304.
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Pope Benedict XII
Pope Benedict XII (Benedictus XII; 1285 – 25 April 1342), born Jacques Fornier, was Pope from 30 December 1334 to his death in April 1342.
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Pope Benedict XIII
Pope Benedict XIII (Benedictus XIII; 2 February 1649 – 21 February 1730), born Pietro Francesco Orsini and later called Vincenzo Maria Orsini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 29 May 1724 to his death in 1730.
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Pope Benedict XIV
Pope Benedict XIV (Benedictus XIV; 31 March 1675 – 3 May 1758), born Prospero Lorenzo Lambertini, served as the Pope of the Catholic Church from 17 August 1740 to his death in 1758.
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Pope Benedict XV
Pope Benedict XV (Latin: Benedictus; Benedetto), born Giacomo Paolo Giovanni Battista della Chiesa (21 November 1854 – 22 January 1922), was head of the Catholic Church from 3 September 1914 until his death in 1922.
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Pope Boniface IX
Pope Boniface IX (Bonifatius IX; c. 1350 – 1 October 1404, born Pietro Tomacelli Cybo) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 2 November 1389 to his death in 1404.
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Pope Boniface VIII
Pope Boniface VIII (Bonifatius VIII; born Benedetto Caetani (c. 1230 – 11 October 1303), was Pope from 24 December 1294 to his death in 1303. He organized the first Catholic "jubilee" year to take place in Rome and declared that both spiritual and temporal power were under the pope's jurisdiction, and that kings were subordinate to the power of the Roman pontiff. Today, he is probably best remembered for his feuds with King Philip IV of France, who caused the Pope's death, and Dante Alighieri, who placed the pope in the Eighth Circle of Hell in his Divine Comedy, among the simoniacs.
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Pope Callixtus III
Pope Callixtus III (31 December 1378 – 6 August 1458), born Alfons de Borja, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 April 1455 to his death in 1458.
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Pope Celestine II
Pope Celestine II (Caelestinus II; died 8 March 1144), born Guido di Castello,Thomas, pg.
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Pope Celestine III
Pope Celestine III (Caelestinus III; c. 1106 – 8 January 1198), born Giacinto Bobone, reigned from 30 March or 10 April 1191 to his death in 1198.
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Pope Celestine V
Pope Celestine V (Caelestinus V; 1215 – 19 May 1296), born Pietro Angelerio (according to some sources Angelario, Angelieri, Angelliero, or Angeleri), also known as Pietro da Morrone, Peter of Morrone, and Peter Celestine, was pope for five months from 5 July to 13 December 1294, when he resigned.
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Pope Clement III
Pope Clement III (Clemens III; 1130 – 20 March 1191), born Paulino (or Paolo) Scolari, reigned from 19 December 1187 to his death.
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Pope Clement IV
Pope Clement IV (Clemens IV; 23 November 1190 – 29 November 1268), born Gui Foucois (Guido Falcodius; Guy de Foulques or Guy Foulques) and also known as Guy le Gros (French for "Guy the Fat"; Guido il Grosso), was bishop of Le Puy (1257–1260), archbishop of Narbonne (1259–1261), cardinal of Sabina (1261–1265), and Pope from 5 February 1265 until his death.
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Pope Clement IX
Pope Clement IX (Clemens IX; 28 January 1600 – 9 December 1669), born Giulio Rospigliosi, was Pope from 20 June 1667 to his death in 1669.
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Pope Clement V
Pope Clement V (Clemens V; c. 1264 – 20 April 1314), born Raymond Bertrand de Got (also occasionally spelled de Guoth and de Goth), was Pope from 5 June 1305 to his death in 1314.
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Pope Clement VI
Clement VI (Clemens VI; 1291 – 6 December 1352), born Pierre Roger, was Pope from 7 May 1342 to his death in 1352.
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Pope Clement VII
Pope Clement VII (26 May 1478 – 25 September 1534), born Giulio di Giuliano de' Medici, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 19 November 1523 to his death on 25 September 1534.
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Pope Clement VIII
Pope Clement VIII (Clemens VIII; 24 February 1536 – 5 March 1605), born Ippolito Aldobrandini, was Pope from 2 February 1592 to his death in 1605.
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Pope Clement X
Pope Clement X (Clemens X; 13 July 1590 – 22 July 1676), born Emilio Bonaventura Altieri, was Pope from 29 April 1670 to his death in 1676.
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Pope Clement XI
Pope Clement XI (Clemens XI; 23 July 1649 – 19 March 1721), born Giovanni Francesco Albani, was Pope from 23 November 1700 to his death in 1721.
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Pope Clement XII
Pope Clement XII (Clemens XII; 7 April 1652 – 6 February 1740), born Lorenzo Corsini, was Pope from 12 July 1730 to his death in 1740.
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Pope Clement XIII
Pope Clement XIII (Clemens XIII; 7 March 1693 – 2 February 1769), born Carlo della Torre di Rezzonico, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 6 July 1758 to his death in 1769.
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Pope Clement XIV
Pope Clement XIV (Clemens XIV; 31 October 1705 – 22 September 1774), born Giovanni Vincenzo Antonio Ganganelli, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 19 May 1769 to his death in 1774.
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Pope Eugene III
Pope Eugene III (Eugenius III; c. 1080 – 8 July 1153), born Bernardo Pignatelli, called Bernardo da Pisa, was Pope from 15 February 1145 to his death in 1153.
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Pope Eugene IV
Pope Eugene IV (Eugenius IV; 1383 – 23 February 1447), born Gabriele Condulmer, was Pope from 3 March 1431 to his death in 1447.
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Pope Gregory IX
Pope Gregory IX Gregorius IX (born Ugolino di Conti; c. 1145 or before 1170 – 22 August 1241), was Pope from 19 March 1227 to his death in 1241.
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Pope Gregory VIII
Pope Gregory VIII (Gregorius VIII; c. 1100/1105 – 17 December 1187), born Alberto di Morra, reigned from 21 October to his death in 1187.
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Pope Gregory X
Pope Gregory X (Gregorius X; – 10 January 1276), born Teobaldo Visconti, was Pope from 1 September 1271 to his death in 1276 and was a member of the Secular Franciscan Order.
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Pope Gregory XI
Pope Gregory XI (Gregorius; c. 1329 – 27 March 1378) was Pope from 30 December 1370 to his death in 1378.
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Pope Gregory XII
Pope Gregory XII (Gregorius XII; – 18 October 1417), born Angelo Corraro, Corario," or Correr, was Pope from 30 November 1406 to 4 July 1415 when he was forced to resign to end the Western Schism.
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Pope Gregory XIII
Pope Gregory XIII (Gregorius XIII; 7 January 1502 – 10 April 1585), born Ugo Boncompagni, was Pope of the Catholic Church from 13 May 1572 to his death in 1585.
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Pope Gregory XIV
Pope Gregory XIV (Gregorius XIV; 11 February 1535 – 16 October 1591), born Niccolò Sfondrato or Sfondrati, was Pope from 5 December 1590 to his death in 1591.
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Pope Gregory XV
Pope Gregory XV (Gregorius XV; 9 January 15548 July 1623), born Alessandro Ludovisi, was Pope from 9 February 1621 to his death in 1623.
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Pope Gregory XVI
Pope Gregory XVI (Gregorius; 18 September 1765 – 1 June 1846), born Bartolomeo Alberto Cappellari EC, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 2 February 1831 to his death in 1846.
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Pope Honorius III
Pope Honorius III (1150 – 18 March 1227), born as Cencio Savelli, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 18 July 1216 to his death in 1227.
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Pope Honorius IV
Pope Honorius IV (c. 1210 – 3 April 1287), born Giacomo Savelli, was Pope from 2 April 1285 to his death in 1287.
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Pope Innocent III
Pope Innocent III (Innocentius III; 1160 or 1161 – 16 July 1216), born Lotario dei Conti di Segni (anglicized as Lothar of Segni) reigned from 8 January 1198 to his death in 1216.
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Pope Innocent IV
Pope Innocent IV (Innocentius IV; c. 1195 – 7 December 1254), born Sinibaldo Fieschi, was Pope of the Catholic Church from 25 June 1243 to his death in 1254.
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Pope Innocent IX
Pope Innocent IX (Innocentius IX; 20 July 1519 – 30 December 1591), born Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti, was Pope from 29 October to 30 December 1591.
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Pope Innocent V
Pope Innocent V (Innocentius V; c. 1225 – 22 June 1276), born Pierre de Tarentaise, was pope from 21 January to 22 June 1276.
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Pope Innocent VI
Pope Innocent VI (Innocentius VI; 1282 or 1295 – 12 September 1362), born Étienne Aubert, was Pope from 18 December 1352 to his death in 1362.
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Pope Innocent VII
Pope Innocent VII (Innocentius VII; 1339 – 6 November 1406), born Cosimo de' Migliorati, was Pope from 17 October 1404 to his death in 1406.
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Pope Innocent VIII
Pope Innocent VIII (Innocentius VIII; 1432 – 25 July 1492), born Giovanni Battista Cybo (or Cibo), was Pope from 29 August 1484 to his death in 1492.
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Pope Innocent X
Pope Innocent X (Innocentius X; 6 May 1574 – 7 January 1655), born Giovanni Battista Pamphilj (or Pamphili), was Pope from 15 September 1644 to his death in 1655.
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Pope Innocent XI
Pope Innocent XI (Innocentius XI; 16 May 1611 – 12 August 1689), born Benedetto Odescalchi, ruled from 21 September 1676 to his death.
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Pope Innocent XII
Pope Innocent XII (Innocentius XII; 13 March 1615 – 27 September 1700), born Antonio Pignatelli, was Pope from 12 July 1691 to his death in 1700.
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Pope Innocent XIII
Pope Innocent XIII (Innocentius XIII; 13 May 1655 – 7 March 1724), born as Michelangelo dei Conti, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 May 1721 to his death in 1724.
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Pope John Paul I
Pope John Paul I (Ioannes Paulus I; Giovanni Paolo I; born Albino Luciani;; 17 October 191228 September 1978) served as Pope of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City from 26 August 1978 to his sudden death 33 days later.
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Pope John Paul II
Pope John Paul II (Ioannes Paulus II; Giovanni Paolo II; Jan Paweł II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła;; 18 May 1920 – 2 April 2005) served as Pope and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 to 2005.
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Pope John XXI
Pope John XXI (Ioannes XXI; – 20 May 1277), born Peter Juliani (Petrus Iulianus; Pedro Julião), was Pope from 8 September 1276 to his death in 1277.
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Pope John XXII
Pope John XXII (Ioannes XXII; 1244 – 4 December 1334), born Jacques Duèze (or d'Euse), was Pope from 7 August 1316 to his death in 1334.
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Pope John XXIII
Pope John XXIII (Ioannes; Giovanni; born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli,; 25 November 18813 June 1963) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014.
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Pope Julius II
Pope Julius II (Papa Giulio II; Iulius II) (5 December 1443 – 21 February 1513), born Giuliano della Rovere, and nicknamed "The Fearsome Pope" and "The Warrior Pope".
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Pope Julius III
Pope Julius III (Iulius III; 10 September 1487 – 23 March 1555), born Giovanni Maria Ciocchi del Monte, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 7 February 1550 to his death in 1555.
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Pope Leo X
Pope Leo X (11 December 1475 – 1 December 1521), born Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici, was Pope from 9 March 1513 to his death in 1521.
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Pope Leo XI
Pope Leo XI (2 June 1535 – 27 April 1605), born Alessandro Ottaviano de' Medici, was Pope from 1 to 27 April 1605.
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Pope Leo XII
Pope Leo XII (22 August 1760 – 10 February 1829), born Annibale Francesco Clemente Melchiorre Girolamo Nicola Sermattei della Genga, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 28 September 1823 to his death in 1829.
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Pope Leo XIII
Pope Leo XIII (Leone; born Vincenzo Gioacchino Raffaele Luigi Pecci; 2 March 1810 – 20 July 1903) was head of the Catholic Church from 20 February 1878 to his death.
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Pope Lucius II
Pope Lucius II (Lucius II; died 15 February 1145), born Gherardo Caccianemici dal Orso, was Pope from 9 March 1144 to his death in 1145.
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Pope Lucius III
Pope Lucius III (c. 1100 – 25 November 1185), born Ubaldo Allucingoli, reigned from 1 September 1181 to his death in 1185.
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Pope Marcellus II
Pope Marcellus II (6 May 1501 – 1 May 1555), born Marcello Cervini degli Spannochi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 9 April 1555 until his death 22 days later on 1 May 1555.
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Pope Martin IV
Pope Martin IV (Martinus IV; c. 1210/1220 – 28 March 1285), born Simon de Brion, was Pope from 22 February 1281 to his death in 1285.
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Pope Martin V
Pope Martin V (Martinus V; January/February 1369 – 20 February 1431), born Otto (or Oddone) Colonna, was Pope from 11 November 1417 to his death in 1431.
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Pope Nicholas I
Pope Saint Nicholas I (Nicolaus I; c. 800 – 13 November 867), also called Saint Nicholas the Great, was Pope from 24 April 858 to his death in 867.
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Pope Nicholas III
Pope Nicholas III (Nicolaus III; c. 1225 – 22 August 1280), born Giovanni Gaetano Orsini, was Pope from 25 November 1277 to his death in 1280.
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Pope Nicholas IV
Pope Nicholas IV (Nicolaus IV; 30 September 1227 – 4 April 1292), born Girolamo Masci, Pope from 22 February 1288 to his death in 1292.
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Pope Nicholas V
Pope Nicholas V (Nicholaus V) (13 November 1397 – 24 March 1455), born Tommaso Parentucelli, was Pope from 6 March 1447 until his death.
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Pope Paul II
Pope Paul II (Paulus II; 23 February 1417 – 26 July 1471), born Pietro Barbo, was Pope from 30 August 1464 to his death in 1471.
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Pope Paul III
Pope Paul III (Paulus III; 29 February 1468 – 10 November 1549), born Alessandro Farnese, was Pope from 13 October 1534 to his death in 1549.
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Pope Paul IV
Pope Paul IV, C.R. (Paulus IV; 28 June 1476 – 18 August 1559), born Gian Pietro Carafa, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 23 May 1555 to his death in 1559.
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Pope Paul V
Pope Paul V (Paulus V; Paolo V) (17 September 1550 – 28 January 1621), born Camillo Borghese, was Pope from 16 May 1605 to his death in 1621.
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Pope Paul VI
Pope Paul VI (Paulus VI; Paolo VI; born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini; 26 September 1897 – 6 August 1978) reigned from 21 June 1963 to his death in 1978.
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Pope Pius II
Pope Pius II (Pius PP., Pio II), born Enea Silvio Bartolomeo Piccolomini (Aeneas Silvius Bartholomeus; 18 October 1405 – 14 August 1464) was Pope from 19 August 1458 to his death in 1464.
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Pope Pius III
Pope Pius III (29 May 1439 – 18 October 1503), born Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 22 September 1503 to his death.
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Pope Pius IV
Pope Pius IV (31 March 1499 – 9 December 1565), born Giovanni Angelo Medici, was Pope from 25 December 1559 to his death in 1565.
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Pope Pius IX
Pope Pius IX (Pio; 13 May 1792 – 7 February 1878), born Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti, was head of the Catholic Church from 16 June 1846 to his death on 7 February 1878.
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Pope Pius V
Pope Saint Pius V (17 January 1504 – 1 May 1572), born Antonio Ghislieri (from 1518 called Michele Ghislieri, O.P.), was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 8 January 1566 to his death in 1572.
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Pope Pius VI
Pope Pius VI (25 December 1717 – 29 August 1799), born Count Giovanni Angelo Braschi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 15 February 1775 to his death in 1799.
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Pope Pius VII
Pope Pius VII (14 August 1742 – 20 August 1823), born Barnaba Niccolò Maria Luigi Chiaramonti, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 14 March 1800 to his death in 1823.
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Pope Pius VIII
Pope Pius VIII (20 November 1761 – 30 November 1830), born Francesco Saverio Castiglioni, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 31 March 1829 to his death in 1830.
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Pope Pius X
Pope Saint Pius X (Pio), born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto, (2 June 1835 – 20 August 1914) was head of the Catholic Church from August 1903 to his death in 1914.
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Pope Pius XI
Pope Pius XI, (Pio XI) born Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti (31 May 1857 – 10 February 1939), was head of the Catholic Church from 6 February 1922 to his death in 1939.
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Pope Pius XII
Pope Pius XII (Pio XII), born Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli (2 March 18769 October 1958), was the Pope of the Catholic Church from 2 March 1939 to his death.
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Pope Sixtus IV
Pope Sixtus IV (21 July 1414 – 12 August 1484), born Francesco della Rovere, was Pope from 9 August 1471 to his death in 1484.
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Pope Sixtus V
Pope Sixtus V or Xystus V (13 December 1521 – 27 August 1590), born Felice Peretti di Montalto, was Pope of the Catholic Church from 24 April 1585 to his death in 1590.
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Pope Urban III
Pope Urban III (Urbanus III; died 20 October 1187), born Uberto Crivelli, reigned from 25 November 1185 to his death in 1187.
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Pope Urban IV
Pope Urban IV (Urbanus IV; c. 1195 – 2 October 1264), born Jacques Pantaléon,Steven Runciman, The Sicilian Vespers: A History of the Mediterranean Word in the Later Thirteenth Century, (Cambridge University Press, 2000), 54.
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Pope Urban V
Pope Urban V (Urbanus V; 1310 – 19 December 1370), born Guillaume de Grimoard, was Pope from 28 September 1362 to his death in 1370 and was also a member of the Order of Saint Benedict.
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Pope Urban VI
Urban VI (Urbanus VI; c. 1318 – 15 October 1389), born Bartolomeo Prignano, was Pope from 8 April 1378 to his death in 1389.
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Pope Urban VIII
Pope Urban VIII (Urbanus VIII; baptised 5 April 1568 – 29 July 1644) reigned as Pope from 6 August 1623 to his death in 1644.
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Prince-Bishopric of Liège
The Prince-Bishopric of Liège was a state of the Holy Roman Empire in the Low Countries, situated for the most part in present Belgium, which was ruled by the Bishop of Liège.
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Prisoner in the Vatican
A prisoner in the Vatican or prisoner of the Vatican (Prigioniero del Vaticano; Captivus Vaticani) is how Pope Pius IX was described following the capture of Rome by the armed forces of the Kingdom of Italy on 20 September 1870.
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Prospero Caterini
Prospero Caterini (15 October 1795, Onano – 28 October 1881, Rome) was an Italian cardinal.
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Prospero Colonna (cardinal)
Prospero Colonna (c. 1410–1463) was a cardinal-nephew of Pope Martin V (Odo Colonna), whose election ended the Western Schism.
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Protodeacon
Protodeacon derives from the Greek proto- meaning 'first' and diakonos, which is a standard ancient Greek word meaning "assistant", "servant", or "waiting-man".
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Raffaele Riario
Raffaele Sansoni Galeoti Riario (3 May 1461 – 9 July 1521) was an Italian Cardinal of the Renaissance, mainly known as the constructor of the Palazzo della Cancelleria and the person who invited Michelangelo to Rome.
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Raniero Capocci
Raniero Capocci, also known as Ranieri, Rainerio da Viterbo (1180-1190 – 27 May 1250) was an Italian cardinal and military leader, a fierce adversary of emperor Frederick II.
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Regnal year
A regnal year is a year of the reign of a sovereign, from the Latin regnum meaning kingdom, rule.
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Reign
A reign is the period of a person's or dynasty's occupation of the office of monarch of a nation (e.g., Saudi Arabia, Belgium, Andorra), of a people (e.g., the Franks, the Zulus) or of a spiritual community (e.g., Roman Catholicism, Tibetan Buddhism, Nizari Ismailism).
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Rinaldo Brancaccio
Rinaldo Brancaccio (died 27 March 1427) was an Italian cardinal from the 14th and 15th century, during the Western Schism.
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Rinaldo d'Este (1618–1672)
Cardinal Rinaldo d'Este Rinaldo d'Este (1618 – 30 September 1672) was an Italian Catholic Cardinal.
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Roman Catholic Diocese of Castello
The Diocese of Castello, originally the Diocese of Olivolo, is a former Roman Catholic diocese that was based on the city of Venice in Italy.
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Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Albano
The Diocese of Albano (Albanensis) is a suburbicarian see of the Roman Catholic Church in a diocese in Italy, comprising seven towns in the Province of Rome.
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Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Ostia
The Bishop of Ostia is the head of the suburbicarian diocese of Ostia, one of the seven suburbicarian sees of Rome.
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Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Porto-Santa Rufina
The Diocese of Porto and Santa-Rufina (Lat: Portuensis et Sanctae Rufinae) is a suburbicarian diocese of the Holy Roman Church and a diocese of the Catholic Church in Italy.
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Romano Pontifici eligendo
Romano Pontifici eligendo was the apostolic constitution governing the election of popes that was promulgated by Pope Paul VI in 1 October 1975.
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Salute
A salute is a gesture or other action used to display respect.
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Sedia gestatoria
The gestatorial chair (sedia gestatoria in Italian, lit. "chair for carrying") was a ceremonial throne on which Popes were carried on shoulders until 1978, and later replaced outdoors in part with the Popemobile.
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Sic transit gloria mundi
Sic transit gloria mundi is a Latin phrase that means "Thus passes the glory of the world".
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Sistine Chapel
The Sistine Chapel (Sacellum Sixtinum; Cappella Sistina) is a chapel in the Apostolic Palace, the official residence of the Pope, in Vatican City.
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Solemn Mass
Solemn Mass (missa solemnis) is the full ceremonial form of the Tridentine Mass, celebrated by a priest with a deacon and a subdeacon,"The essence of high Mass is not the music but the deacon and subdeacon." (requiring most of the parts of the Mass to be sung, and the use of incense.
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Spanish language
Spanish or Castilian, is a Western Romance language that originated in the Castile region of Spain and today has hundreds of millions of native speakers in Latin America and Spain.
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St. Peter's Basilica
The Papal Basilica of St.
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St. Peter's Square
St.
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Subdeacon
Subdeacon (or sub-deacon) is a title used in various branches of Christianity.
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Taoiseach
The Taoiseach (pl. Taoisigh) is the prime minister, chief executive and head of government of Ireland.
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Teodolfo Mertel
Teodolfo Mertel (9 February 1806 – 11 July 1899) was a lawyer, deacon, and cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.
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Terce
Terce, or Third Hour, is a fixed time of prayer of the Divine Office in almost all the Christian liturgies.
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Theobald of Ostia
Theobald of Ostia (italic or Thibaut de Nanteuil, italic; died 4 November 1188) was a French cardinal.
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Throne
A throne is the seat of state of a potentate or dignitary, especially the seat occupied by a sovereign on state occasions; or the seat occupied by a pope or bishop on ceremonial occasions.
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Tommaso Orsini
Tommaso Orsini (died 25 Jan 1576) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Foligno (1568–1576) and Bishop of Strongoli (1566–1568).
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Tommaso Riario Sforza
Tommaso Riario Sforza (8 January 1782 in Naples – 14 March 1857 in Rome) was the Neapolitan Cardinal who, as protodeacon, announced at the end of the 1846 conclave the election of Cardinal Giovanni Mastai-Ferretti as Pope Pius IX.
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Umberto II of Italy
Umberto II (Umberto Nicola Tommaso Giovanni Maria di Savoia; 15 September 190418 March 1983) was the last King of Italy.
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Universi Dominici gregis
Universi Dominici gregis is an apostolic constitution of the Catholic Church issued by Pope John Paul II on 22 February 1996.
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Urbi et Orbi
Urbi et Orbi ("to the City of Rome and to the World") denotes a papal address and apostolic blessing given to the city of Rome and to the entire world by the Roman pontiff on certain solemn occasions.
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Vatican City
Vatican City (Città del Vaticano; Civitas Vaticana), officially the Vatican City State or the State of Vatican City (Stato della Città del Vaticano; Status Civitatis Vaticanae), is an independent state located within the city of Rome.
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Velletri
Velletri (Velitrae, Velester) is an Italian comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome, on the Alban Hills, in Lazio, central Italy.
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Venice
Venice (Venezia,; Venesia) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.
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Verona
Verona (Venetian: Verona or Veròna) is a city on the Adige river in Veneto, Italy, with approximately 257,000 inhabitants and one of the seven provincial capitals of the region.
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Viterbo
Viterbo (Viterbese: Veterbe, Viterbium) is an ancient city and comune in the Lazio region of central Italy, the capital of the province of Viterbo.
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White tie
White tie, also called full evening dress or a dress suit, is the most formal evening dress code in Western high fashion.
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Redirects here:
Coronation of the Pope, Enthronization, Papal Coronation, Pontifical coronation.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papal_coronation
