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Paul Kagame

Index Paul Kagame

Paul Kagame (born 23 October 1957) is a Rwandan politician and former military leader. [1]

272 relations: Africa Confidential, African Continental Free Trade Area, Africanews, Agathe Uwilingiyimana, Aid, Alain Juppé, Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo, Alpha Condé, Amnesty International, Anastase Murekezi, André Kagwa Rwisereka, Andrew Young, Ange Kagame, Angola, Arusha, Arusha Accords (Rwanda), Assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana and Cyprien Ntaryamira, Associated Press, Augustin Bizimana, Édouard Ngirente, Banyamulenge, BBC, BBC News, Belgian overseas colonies, Benin, Bernard Makuza, Bill Clinton, Blitzkrieg, Bosco Ntaganda, British Empire, Brussels, Budget support, Bukavu, Burundi, Butare Province, Byumba, CECAFA, Chad, Chairperson of the African Union, Chamber of Deputies (Rwanda), Charles Murigande, Children in the military, China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation, China Road and Bridge Corporation, Clinton Foundation, Coltan, Columbia University, Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting, Commonwealth of Nations, Constitution of Rwanda, ..., Customs union, Cyprien Ntaryamira, Daily Monitor, Daily Nation, Decolonisation of Africa, Democratic Green Party of Rwanda, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Developing country, Direct election, Disease, Ease of doing business index, East African Community, Economic liberalism, Economy of Singapore, Emmanuel Habyarimana, European Union, Facebook, Faustin Twagiramungu, Fernando Andreu, First Congo War, Flickr, Forced displacement, Forces for Renewal, Foreign-exchange reserves, Fort Leavenworth, Françafrique, François Mitterrand, Fred Rwigyema, Freedom House, French presidential election, 2007, Gacaca court, Gérard Prunier, Geary–Khamis dollar, Genocide denial, Georgia State University, Gisenyi, Global Witness, Goma, Gross enrolment ratio, Guerrilla warfare, History of Rwanda, HIV/AIDS, Howard Schultz, Human Rights Watch, Hutu, Idi Amin, Information and communications technology, Interahamwe, Internally displaced person, International Center for Transitional Justice, International community, International Criminal Court, International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, International Rescue Committee, James Kabarebe, Jean Damascene Ntawukuriryayo, Jean-Léonard Rugambage, Jean-Louis Bruguière, Jeannette Kagame, Johannesburg, Joseph Kabila, Juvénal Habyarimana, Kagame Interclub Cup, Kagitumba, Kansas, Kasaï region, Katanga Province, Kayumba Nyamwasa, Kenneth Roth, Kibeho massacre, Kibungo, Kigali, Kigali City Tower, Kigali International Airport, Kinshasa, Kisangani, Knowledge economy, Laurent Nkunda, Laurent-Désiré Kabila, Le Monde, Lethality, LGBT, Libération, Liberal Party (Rwanda), Liberia, List of awards and honours bestowed upon Paul Kagame, List of heads of state of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, List of Presidents of Burundi, List of Presidents of Rwanda, Literacy, Los Angeles Times, Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement, Luwero Triangle, M23 rebellion, Malaria, March 23 Movement, Milton Obote, Mining industry of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ministry of Defence (Rwanda), Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning (Rwanda), Mobutu Sese Seko, Mortality rate, Mountain gorilla, Movement for the Liberation of the Congo, Mozambique, Muhanga, Mutara III Rudahigwa, Nairobi, Nairobi Agreement, 1985, Namibia, National Order of Benin, National Resistance Army, National Review, NBC News, New Statesman, New Vision (newspaper), Nicolas Sarkozy, Non-governmental organization, North Kivu, Ntare School, Observer–Reporter, Oklahoma Christian University, One-party state, Opération Turquoise, Optical fiber, Order of the Pioneers of Liberia, Parliament of Rwanda, Party for Progress and Concord, Pasteur Bizimungu, Pierre Habumuremyi, Pierre-Célestin Rwigema, Pneumonia, Politics of Rwanda, Pound sterling, Prerogative of mercy (Rwanda), President of Uganda, Privatization, Prosper Higiro, Purchasing power parity, Pygmy peoples, Rally for Congolese Democracy, Rally for Congolese Democracy–Goma, Red tape, Refugee, Republican Democratic Movement, Roméo Dallaire, Rosalie Gicanda, Ruanda-Urundi, Ruhengeri, Rwanda, Rwanda Development Board, Rwandan Civil War, Rwandan Defence Forces, Rwandan genocide, Rwandan Patriotic Front, Rwandan presidential election, 2003, Rwandan presidential election, 2010, Rwandan presidential election, 2017, Rwandan Revolution, Second Congo War, Senate (Rwanda), Seth Sendashonga, Single African Air Transport Market, Single market, Six-Day War (2000), SNV Netherlands Development Organisation, Social Democratic Party (Rwanda), South Kivu, Southern Province, Rwanda, Spartanburg Herald-Journal, Starbucks, Stephen Kinzer, Sub-Saharan Africa, Subsistence agriculture, Supreme Court of Rwanda, Tanzania, Tariff, Tertiary sector of the economy, Tetanus, Thailand, Théoneste Bagosora, The Age, The Daily Telegraph, The Guardian, The New Times (Rwanda), The New York Times, The Observer (Uganda), The San Diego Union-Tribune, The Sydney Morning Herald, The Washington Post, The World Factbook, This Is Africa, Tony Blair, Toro sub-region, Tourism in Rwanda, Transparency International, Travel visa, Tufts University, Tutsi, Twa, Twitter, Uganda, Uganda–Tanzania War, Ugandan general election, 1980, United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, United Nations Security Council, United Nations trust territories, United States, United States Army Command and General Staff College, University of Glasgow, University of the Pacific (United States), Vice President of Rwanda, Victoire Ingabire Umuhoza, Virunga Mountains, Vision 2020 (Rwanda), World Bank, Youth in Rwanda, YouTube, Yoweri Museveni, Zaire, Zimbabwe. Expand index (222 more) »

Africa Confidential

Africa Confidential is a fortnightly newsletter covering politics and economics in Africa.

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African Continental Free Trade Area

The African Continental Free Trade Area is the result of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement among all 55 members of the African Union.

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Africanews

Africanews is a multilingual news media service, headquartered in Pointe-Noire, Republic of the Congo.

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Agathe Uwilingiyimana

Agathe Uwilingiyimana (23 May 1953 – 7 April 1994), sometimes known as Madame Agathe, was a Rwandan political figure.

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Aid

In international relations, aid (also known as international aid, overseas aid, foreign aid or foreign assistance) is – from the perspective of governments – a voluntary transfer of resources from one country to another.

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Alain Juppé

Alain Marie Juppé (born 15 August 1945) is a French politician, and a member of The Republicans.

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Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo

The Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo-Zaire (AFDL or ADFLC) was a coalition of Rwandan, Ugandan, Burundian, and selected Congolese dissidents, disgruntled minority groups, and nations that toppled Mobutu Sese Seko and brought Laurent-Désiré Kabila to power in the First Congo War.

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Alpha Condé

Alpha Condé (born 4 March 1938) is a Guinean politician who has been President of Guinea since December 2010.

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Amnesty International

Amnesty International (commonly known as Amnesty or AI) is a London-based non-governmental organization focused on human rights.

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Anastase Murekezi

Anastase Murekezi (born June 15, 1952) is a Rwandan politician.

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André Kagwa Rwisereka

André Kagwa Rwisereka (31 December 1949 – 13 July 2010) was vice-chairman of the Democratic Green Party of Rwanda, a political party founded in August 2009 in Rwanda.

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Andrew Young

Andrew Jackson Young Jr. (born March 13, 1932) is an American politician, diplomat, and activist.

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Ange Kagame

Ange Kagame is the second child and only daughter of Paul Kagame, current president of Rwanda.

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Angola

Angola, officially the Republic of Angola (República de Angola; Kikongo, Kimbundu and Repubilika ya Ngola), is a country in Southern Africa.

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Arusha

Arusha is a city in north eastern Tanzania and the capital of the Arusha Region, with a population of 416,442 plus 323,198 in the surrounding Arusha District (2012 census).

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Arusha Accords (Rwanda)

The Arusha Accords, officially the Peace Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Rwanda and the Rwandan Patriotic Front an also known as the Arusha Peace Agreement or Arusha negotiations, were a set of five accords (or protocols) signed in Arusha, Tanzania on August 4, 1993, by the government of Rwanda and the rebel Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), under mediation, to end a three-year Rwandan Civil War.

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Assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana and Cyprien Ntaryamira

The assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana and Cyprien Ntaryamira on the evening of 6 April 1994 was the catalyst for the Rwandan Genocide.

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Associated Press

The Associated Press (AP) is a U.S.-based not-for-profit news agency headquartered in New York City.

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Augustin Bizimana

Augustin Bizimana (born 1954) is a Rwandan politician.

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Édouard Ngirente

Édouard Ngirente (born 1973) is a Rwandan economist and politician.

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Banyamulenge

Banyamulenge, sometimes called "Tutsi Congolese", is a term historically referring to the ethnic Tutsi concentrated on the High Plateau of South Kivu, in the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, close to the Burundi-Congo-Rwanda border.

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.

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BBC News

BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs.

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Belgian overseas colonies

Belgium controlled two colonies during its history: the Belgian Congo from 1885 to 1960 and Ruanda-Urundi from 1916 to 1962.

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Benin

Benin (Bénin), officially the Republic of Benin (République du Bénin) and formerly Dahomey, is a country in West Africa.

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Bernard Makuza

Bernard Makuza (born 30 September 1961) is a Rwandan politician who was Prime Minister of Rwanda from 8 March 2000 to 6 October 2011.

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Bill Clinton

William Jefferson Clinton (born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001.

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Blitzkrieg

Blitzkrieg (German, "lightning war") is a method of warfare whereby an attacking force, spearheaded by a dense concentration of armoured and motorised or mechanised infantry formations with close air support, breaks through the opponent's line of defence by short, fast, powerful attacks and then dislocates the defenders, using speed and surprise to encircle them with the help of air superiority.

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Bosco Ntaganda

Bosco Ntaganda (born 5 November 1972) is the military chief of staff of the National Congress for the Defense of the People (CNDP), an armed militia group operating in the North Kivu province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).

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British Empire

The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.

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Brussels

Brussels (Bruxelles,; Brussel), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest), is a region of Belgium comprising 19 municipalities, including the City of Brussels, which is the de jure capital of Belgium.

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Budget support

Budget support is a particular way of giving international development aid, also known as an aid instrument or aid modality.

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Bukavu

Bukavu (former official names: Costermansville (French) and Costermansstad (Dutch)) is a city in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), lying at the extreme south-western edge of Lake Kivu, west of Cyangugu in Rwanda, and separated from it by the outlet of the Ruzizi River.

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Burundi

Burundi, officially the Republic of Burundi (Republika y'Uburundi,; République du Burundi, or), is a landlocked country in the African Great Lakes region of East Africa, bordered by Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west.

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Butare Province

Butare was a province (prefecture) of Rwanda prior to its dissolution in January 2006.

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Byumba

Byumba is a city in northern Rwanda, and is the capital of Gicumbi District.

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CECAFA

The Council for East and Central Africa Football Associations (Conseil des Associations de Football d'Afrique de l'Est et Centrale, مؤتمر جمعيات شرق ووسط أفريقيا لكرة القدم; officially abbreviated as CECAFA) is an association of the football playing nations in East and Central Africa.

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Chad

Chad (تشاد; Tchad), officially the Republic of Chad ("Republic of the Chad"), is a landlocked country in Central Africa.

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Chairperson of the African Union

The Chairperson of the African Union is the ceremonial head of the African Union elected by the Assembly of Heads of State and Government for a one-year term.

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Chamber of Deputies (Rwanda)

The Chamber of Deputies (Umutwe w'Abadepite; Chambre des Députés) is the lower house of the bicameral national legislature of Rwanda.

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Charles Murigande

Charles Murigande (born August 15, 1958) is a Rwandan politician who served in the government of Rwanda as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2002 to 2008, as Minister of Governmental Affairs from 2008 to 2009, and as Minister of Education from 2009 to 2011.

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Children in the military

Children in the military are children (defined by the Convention on the Rights of the Child as persons under the age of 18) who are associated with military organisations, such as state armed forces and non-state armed groups.

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China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation

China Civil Engineering Construction Corporation Ltd. (abbreviation CCECC) was established in June 1979 under the approval of the State Council of the People's Republic of China.

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China Road and Bridge Corporation

China Road and Bridge Corporation (CRBC), a subsidiary of Fortune Global 500 company China Communications Construction Company (CCCC), focuses on global civil engineering and construction projects such as highways, railways, bridges, ports, and tunnels.

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Clinton Foundation

The Clinton Foundation (founded in 1997 as the William J. Clinton Foundation), and from 2013 to 2015, briefly renamed the Bill, Hillary & Chelsea Clinton Foundation) is a non-profit organization under section 501(c)(3) of the U.S. tax code. It was established by former President of the United States Bill Clinton with the stated mission to "strengthen the capacity of people in the United States and throughout the world to meet the challenges of global interdependence." Its offices are located in New York City and Little Rock, Arkansas. Through 2016 the foundation had raised an estimated $2 billion from U.S. corporations, foreign governments and corporations, political donors, and various other groups and individuals. The acceptance of funds from wealthy donors has been a source of controversy. The foundation "has won accolades from philanthropy experts and has drawn bipartisan support". Charitable grants are not a major focus of the Clinton Foundation, which instead uses most of its money to carry out its own humanitarian programs. This foundation is a public organization to which anyone may donate and is distinct from the Clinton Family Foundation, a private organization for personal Clinton family philanthropy. According to the Clinton Foundation's website, neither Bill Clinton nor his daughter, Chelsea Clinton (both are members of the governing board), draws any salary or receives any income from the Foundation. When Hillary Clinton was a board member she reportedly also received no income from the Foundation.

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Coltan

Coltan (short for columbite–tantalites and known industrially as tantalite) is a dull black metallic ore, from which the elements niobium and tantalum are extracted.

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Columbia University

Columbia University (Columbia; officially Columbia University in the City of New York), established in 1754, is a private Ivy League research university in Upper Manhattan, New York City.

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Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting

The Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM; or) is a biennial summit meeting of the heads of government from all Commonwealth nations.

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Commonwealth of Nations

The Commonwealth of Nations, often known as simply the Commonwealth, is an intergovernmental organisation of 53 member states that are mostly former territories of the British Empire.

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Constitution of Rwanda

The Constitution of Rwanda was adopted by referendum on May 26, 2003.

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Customs union

A customs union was defined by the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade as a type of trade bloc which is composed of a free trade area with a common external tariff.

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Cyprien Ntaryamira

Cyprien Ntaryamira (6 March 1955 – 6 April 1994) was President of Burundi from 5 February 1994 until his death while he was on Juvénal Habyarimana's plane that was shot down.

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Daily Monitor

The Daily Monitor is Uganda's leading independent daily newspaper.

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Daily Nation

The Daily Nation is the highest circulation Kenyan independent newspaper with 170,000 copies.

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Decolonisation of Africa

The decolonisation of Africa took place in the mid-to-late 1950s, very suddenly, with little preparation.

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Democratic Green Party of Rwanda

The Democratic Green Party of Rwanda is a green political party in Rwanda, established in 2009.

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Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (République démocratique du Congo), also known as DR Congo, the DRC, Congo-Kinshasa or simply the Congo, is a country located in Central Africa.

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Developing country

A developing country (or a low and middle income country (LMIC), less developed country, less economically developed country (LEDC), underdeveloped country) is a country with a less developed industrial base and a low Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries.

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Direct election

Direct election is a system of choosing political officeholders in which the voters directly cast ballots for the person, persons, or political party that they desire to see elected.

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Disease

A disease is any condition which results in the disorder of a structure or function in an organism that is not due to any external injury.

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Ease of doing business index

The ease of doing business index is an index created by Simeon Djankov at the World Bank Group.

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East African Community

The East African Community (EAC) is an intergovernmental organization composed of six countries in the African Great Lakes region in eastern Africa: Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda.

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Economic liberalism

Economic liberalism is an economic system organized on individual lines, which means the greatest possible number of economic decisions are made by individuals or households rather than by collective institutions or organizations.

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Economy of Singapore

The economy of Singapore is a highly developed free-market economy.

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Emmanuel Habyarimana

Emmanuel Habyarimana is a former Rwandan soldier and politician.

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European Union

The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.

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Facebook

Facebook is an American online social media and social networking service company based in Menlo Park, California.

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Faustin Twagiramungu

Faustin Twagiramungu (born 14 August 1945) is a Rwandan politician.

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Fernando Andreu

Fernando Andreu is a judge of the Audiencia Nacional in Spain.

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First Congo War

The First Congo War (1996–1997) was a foreign invasion of Zaire led by Rwanda that replaced President Mobutu Sésé Seko with the rebel leader Laurent-Désiré Kabila.

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Flickr

Flickr (pronounced "flicker") is an image hosting service and video hosting service.

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Forced displacement

Forced displacement or forced immigration is the coerced movement of a person or people away from their home or home region and it often connotes violent coercion.

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Forces for Renewal

The Forces for Renewal (Forces du Renouveau) is a political party in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

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Foreign-exchange reserves

Foreign-exchange reserves (also called forex reserves or FX reserves) is money or other assets held by a central bank or other monetary authority so that it can pay if need be its liabilities, such as the currency issued by the central bank, as well as the various bank reserves deposited with the central bank by the government and other financial institutions.

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Fort Leavenworth

Fort Leavenworth is a United States Army installation located in Leavenworth County, Kansas, immediately north of the city of Leavenworth, in the northeast part of the state.

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Françafrique

Françafrique is France's relationship with its former African colonies.

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François Mitterrand

François Maurice Adrien Marie Mitterrand (26 October 1916 – 8 January 1996) was a French statesman who was President of France from 1981 to 1995, the longest time in office of any French president.

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Fred Rwigyema

Fred Gisa Rwigyema (also spelled Rwigema; born Emmanuel Gisa; 10 April 1957 – 2 October 1990) was a founding member of and leader of the Rwandan Patriotic Front, a political and military force formed by Rwandan Tutsi exiles descendants of those forced to leave the country after the 1959 "Hutu" Revolution.

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Freedom House

Freedom House is a U.S.-based 501(c)(3) U.S. government-funded non-governmental organization (NGO) that conducts research and advocacy on democracy, political freedom, and human rights.

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French presidential election, 2007

The 2007 French presidential election, the ninth of the Fifth French Republic was held to elect the successor to Jacques Chirac as president of France (and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra) for a five-year term.

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Gacaca court

The Gacaca court is a system of community justice inspired by Rwandan tradition where gacaca can be loosely translated to "justice amongst the grass".

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Gérard Prunier

Gérard Prunier is a French academic and historian specializing in the Horn of Africa and the more southerly African Great Lakes region.

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Geary–Khamis dollar

The Geary–Khamis dollar, more commonly known as the international dollar (Int'l. dollar or Intl. dollar, abbreviation: Int'l$., Intl$. or Int$), is a hypothetical unit of currency that has the same purchasing power parity that the U.S. dollar had in the United States at a given point in time.

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Genocide denial

Genocide denial is the attempt to deny or minimize statements of the scale and severity of an incidence of genocide.

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Georgia State University

Georgia State University (commonly referred to as Georgia State, State, or GSU) is a public research university in downtown Atlanta, Georgia, United States.

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Gisenyi

Gisenyi is a city in Rubavu district in Rwanda's Western Province.

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Global Witness

Global Witness is an international NGO established in 1993 that works to break the links between natural resource exploitation, conflict, poverty, corruption, and human rights abuses worldwide.

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Goma

Goma is the capital city of North Kivu province in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Gross enrolment ratio

Gross Enrollment Ratio (GER) or Gross Enrollment Index (GEI) is a statistical measure used in the education sector, and formerly by the UN in its Education Index, to determine the number of students enrolled in school at several different grade levels (like elementary, middle school and high school), and use it to show the ratio of the number of students who live in that country to those who qualify for the particular grade level.

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Guerrilla warfare

Guerrilla warfare is a form of irregular warfare in which a small group of combatants, such as paramilitary personnel, armed civilians, or irregulars, use military tactics including ambushes, sabotage, raids, petty warfare, hit-and-run tactics, and mobility to fight a larger and less-mobile traditional military.

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History of Rwanda

Human occupation of Rwanda is thought to have begun shortly after the last ice age.

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HIV/AIDS

Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

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Howard Schultz

Howard Schultz (born July 19, 1953) is an American businessman.

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Human Rights Watch

Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.

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Hutu

The Hutu, also known as the Abahutu, are a Bantu ethnic group native to African Great Lakes region of Africa, primarily area now under Burundi and Rwanda.

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Idi Amin

Idi Amin Dada (2816 August 2003) was a Ugandan politician and military officer.

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Information and communications technology

Information and communication technology (ICT) is another/extensional term for information technology (IT) which stresses the role of unified communications and the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals), computers as well as necessary enterprise software, middleware, storage, and audio-visual systems, which enable users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate information.

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Interahamwe

The Interahamwe is a Hutu paramilitary organization.

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Internally displaced person

An internally displaced person (IDP) is someone who is forced to flee his or her home but who remains within his or her country's borders.

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International Center for Transitional Justice

The International Center for Transitional Justice (ICTJ) was founded in 2001 as a non-profit organization dedicated to pursuing accountability for mass atrocity and human rights abuse through transitional justice mechanisms.

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International community

The international community is a phrase used in geopolitics and international relations to refer to a broad group of people and governments of the world.

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International Criminal Court

The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt) is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal that sits in The Hague in the Netherlands.

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International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda

The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR; Tribunal pénal international pour le Rwanda; Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda) was an international court established in November 1994 by the United Nations Security Council in Resolution 955 in order to judge people responsible for the Rwandan genocide and other serious violations of international law in Rwanda, or by Rwandan citizens in nearby states, between 1 January and 31 December 1994.

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International Rescue Committee

The International Rescue Committee (IRC) is a global humanitarian aid, relief, and development nongovernmental organization.

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James Kabarebe

General James Kabarebe (born 1959) is a Rwandan military officer who has served as the Rwandan Minister of Defence since April 2010.

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Jean Damascene Ntawukuriryayo

Jean-Damascène Ntawukuriryayo (born 8 August 1961) is a Rwandan politician who served as President of the Senate of Rwanda from 2011 to 2014.

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Jean-Léonard Rugambage

Jean-Léonard Rugambage was a Rwandan journalist, acting editor of the newspaper Umuvugizi.

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Jean-Louis Bruguière

Jean-Louis Bruguière was the leading French investigating magistrate in charge of counter-terrorism affairs.

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Jeannette Kagame

Jeannette Nyiramongi Kagame (Jeannette Nyiramongi, born August 10, 1962) is the wife of Paul Kagame.

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Johannesburg

Johannesburg (also known as Jozi, Joburg and Egoli) is the largest city in South Africa and is one of the 50 largest urban areas in the world.

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Joseph Kabila

Joseph Kabila Kabange (born 4 June 1971) is a Congolese politician who has been President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo since January 2001.

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Juvénal Habyarimana

Juvénal Habyarimana (March 8, 1937 – April 6, 1994) was the 2nd President of the Republic of Rwanda, serving longer than any other president to date, from 1973 until 1994.

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Kagame Interclub Cup

The CECAFA Club Cup is a football club tournament organised by CECAFA.

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Kagitumba

Kagitumba is a town in Rwanda.

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Kansas

Kansas is a U.S. state in the Midwestern United States.

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Kasaï region

The Kasai region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo is divided administratively into Kasai-Occidental and Kasai-Oriental.

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Katanga Province

Katanga was one of the eleven provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo between 1966 and 2015, when it was split into the Tanganyika, Haut-Lomami, Lualaba and Haut-Katanga provinces.

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Kayumba Nyamwasa

Faustin Kayumba Nyamwasa (born 1962) is a Rwandan former Lieutenant general who formerly was the Chief of Staff of the Rwandan Army from 1998 to 2002.

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Kenneth Roth

Kenneth Roth (born 23 September 1955) is an American attorney who has been the executive director of Human Rights Watch since 1993.

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Kibeho massacre

The Kibeho massacre occurred in a camp for internally displaced persons near Kibeho, in south-west Rwanda on April 22, 1995.

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Kibungo

Kibungo is a town in the Republic of Rwanda.

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Kigali

Kigali is the capital and largest city of Rwanda.

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Kigali City Tower

Kigali City Tower is a mixed use high rise office and retail building located in Kigali, the capital of Rwanda.

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Kigali International Airport

Kigali International Airport, formerly known as Gregoire Kayibanda International Airport, but sometimes referred to as Kanombe International Airport, is the primary airport serving Kigali, the capital of Rwanda.

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Kinshasa

Kinshasa (formerly Léopoldville (Léopoldville or Dutch)) is the capital and the largest city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Kisangani

Kisangani (formerly Stanleyville or Stanleystad) is the capital of Tshopo province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Knowledge economy

The knowledge economy is the use of knowledge (savoir, savoir-faire, savoir-être) to generate tangible and intangible values.

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Laurent Nkunda

Laurent Nkunda (or Laurent Nkundabatware Mihigo (birth name), or Laurent Nkunda Batware, or as he prefers to be called The Chairman; born February 2, 1967) is a former General in the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and is the former warlord (leader of a rebel faction) operating in the province of Nord-Kivu, sympathetic to Congolese Tutsis and the Tutsi-dominated government of neighbouring Rwanda.

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Laurent-Désiré Kabila

Laurent-Désiré Kabila (November 27, 1939 – January 16, 2001), or simply Laurent Kabila (US), was a Congolese revolutionary and politician who served as the third President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from May 17, 1997, when he overthrew Mobutu Sese Seko, until his assassination by one of his bodyguards on January 16, 2001.

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Le Monde

Le Monde (The World) is a French daily afternoon newspaper founded by Hubert Beuve-Méry at the request of Charles de Gaulle (as Chairman of the Provisional Government of the French Republic) on 19 December 1944, shortly after the Liberation of Paris, and published continuously since its first edition.

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Lethality

Lethality (also called deadliness or perniciousness) is how capable something is of causing death.

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LGBT

LGBT, or GLBT, is an initialism that stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender.

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Libération

Libération (popularly known as Libé), is a daily newspaper in France, founded in Paris by Jean-Paul Sartre and Serge July in 1973 in the wake of the protest movements of May 1968.

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Liberal Party (Rwanda)

The Liberal Party (Parti Libéral, PL) is a liberal political party in Rwanda led by Protais Mitali.

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Liberia

Liberia, officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the West African coast.

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List of awards and honours bestowed upon Paul Kagame

This is a list of awards, honours and other recognitions bestowed on current Rwandan President Paul Kagame.

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List of heads of state of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

This article lists the heads of state of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire) since the country's independence in 1960.

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List of Presidents of Burundi

This article lists the Presidents of Burundi since the formation of the post of President of Burundi in 1966 (following the November coup d'état), to the present day.

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List of Presidents of Rwanda

This article lists the Presidents of Rwanda since the creation of the office in 1961 (during the Rwandan Revolution), to the present day.

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Literacy

Literacy is traditionally meant as the ability to read and write.

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Los Angeles Times

The Los Angeles Times is a daily newspaper which has been published in Los Angeles, California since 1881.

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Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement

The Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement attempted to end the Second Congo War through a ceasefire, release of prisoners of war, and the deployment of an international peacekeeping force under the auspices of the United Nations.

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Luwero Triangle

The Luweero Triangle, sometimes spelled Luwero Triangle, is an area of Uganda north of the capital Kampala, where, in 1981, Yoweri Museveni started the guerrilla war that propelled him and his National Resistance Movement into power in 1986.

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M23 rebellion

The M23 rebellion was fighting in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), that occurred between the March 23 Movement and government forces.

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Malaria

Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease affecting humans and other animals caused by parasitic protozoans (a group of single-celled microorganisms) belonging to the Plasmodium type.

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March 23 Movement

The March 23 Movement (Mouvement du 23 mars), often abbreviated as M23 and also known as the Congolese Revolutionary Army (Armée révolutionnaire du Congo), was a rebel military group based in eastern areas of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), mainly operating in the province of North Kivu.

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Milton Obote

Apollo Milton Obote (28 December 1925 – 10 October 2005) was a Ugandan political leader who led Uganda to independence in 1962 from British colonial administration.

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Mining industry of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Mining industry of the Democratic Republic of the Congo is a significant factor in the world's production of cobalt, copper, diamond, tantalum, tin, and gold as well.

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Ministry of Defence (Rwanda)

The Rwandan Ministry of Defence (Minisiteri y'Ingabo; Ministère de la Défense) is in charge of the Rwanda Defence Force.

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Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning (Rwanda)

The Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning (MINECOFIN, Minisiteri y'Imari n'Igenamigambi, Ministère des Finances et de la Planification économique) is a government ministry of the Republic of Rwanda; the current Minister of Finance and Economic Planning is Dr.

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Mobutu Sese Seko

Marshal Mobutu Sese Seko Kuku Ngbendu Wa Za Banga (born Joseph-Désiré Mobutu; 14 October 1930 – 7 September 1997) was the military dictator and President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (which Mobutu renamed Zaire in 1971) from 1965 to 1997.

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Mortality rate

Mortality rate, or death rate, is a measure of the number of deaths (in general, or due to a specific cause) in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time.

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Mountain gorilla

The mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei) is one of the two subspecies of the eastern gorilla.

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Movement for the Liberation of the Congo

The Movement for the Liberation of the Congo (Mouvement de Libération du Congo, or MLC) is a political party in Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Mozambique

Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique (Moçambique or República de Moçambique) is a country in Southeast Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west, and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest.

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Muhanga

Muhanga (former Gitarama, renamed in 2006) is a city in Rwanda, in the Muhanga District, in Southern Province.

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Mutara III Rudahigwa

Mutara III Rudahigwa (March 1911 – 25 July 1959) was King (mwami) of Rwanda between 1931 and 1959.

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Nairobi

Nairobi is the capital and the largest city of Kenya.

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Nairobi Agreement, 1985

The Nairobi Agreement was a peace deal between the Ugandan government of Tito Okello and the National Resistance Army (NRA) rebel group led by Yoweri Museveni.

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Namibia

Namibia, officially the Republic of Namibia (German:; Republiek van Namibië), is a country in southern Africa whose western border is the Atlantic Ocean.

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National Order of Benin

The National Order of Benin (Ordre National du Bénin) is highest national honour in the Republic of Benin.

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National Resistance Army

The National Resistance Army (NRA), the military wing of the National Resistance Movement (NRM), was a rebel army that waged a guerrilla war, commonly referred to as the Ugandan Bush War or Luwero War, against the government of Milton Obote, and later that of Tito Okello.

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National Review

National Review (NR) is an American semi-monthly conservative editorial magazine focusing on news and commentary pieces on political, social, and cultural affairs.

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NBC News

NBC News is the news division of the American broadcast television network NBC, formerly known as the National Broadcasting Company when it was founded on radio.

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New Statesman

The New Statesman is a British political and cultural magazine published in London.

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New Vision (newspaper)

The New Vision is an English-language newspaper published daily in print form and online.

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Nicolas Sarkozy

Nicolas Paul Stéphane Sarközy de Nagy-Bocsa KOGF GCB (born 28 January 1955) is a French politician who served as President of France and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra from 16 May 2007 until 15 May 2012.

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Non-governmental organization

Non-governmental organizations, nongovernmental organizations, or nongovernment organizations, commonly referred to as NGOs, are usually non-profit and sometimes international organizations independent of governments and international governmental organizations (though often funded by governments) that are active in humanitarian, educational, health care, public policy, social, human rights, environmental, and other areas to effect changes according to their objectives.

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North Kivu

North Kivu (Nord-Kivu) is a province bordering Lake Kivu in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Ntare School

Ntare School is a residential all-boys' secondary school located in Mbarara, Mbarara District, western Uganda.

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Observer–Reporter

The Observer–Reporter is a daily newspaper covering Washington County, Greene County, and the Mon Valley in Pennsylvania, with some overlap into the South Hills of Pittsburgh in Allegheny County.

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Oklahoma Christian University

Oklahoma Christian University (OC) is a private comprehensive coeducational Christian liberal arts university founded in 1950 by members of the Churches of Christ.

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One-party state

A one-party state, single-party state, one-party system, or single-party system is a type of state in which one political party has the right to form the government, usually based on the existing constitution.

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Opération Turquoise

Opération Turquoise was a French-led military operation in Rwanda in 1994 under the mandate of the United Nations.

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Optical fiber

An optical fiber or optical fibre is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass (silica) or plastic to a diameter slightly thicker than that of a human hair.

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Order of the Pioneers of Liberia

The Order of the Pioneers of Liberia or more formally Grand Order of the Most Venerable Order of the Knighthood of the Pioneers of the Republic of Liberia is an order presented by the government of Liberia.

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Parliament of Rwanda

The Parliament of Rwanda (French: Parlement du Rwanda; Kinyarwanda: Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’u Rwanda) consists of two chambers.

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Party for Progress and Concord

The Party for Progress and Concord (PPC) is a political party in Rwanda.

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Pasteur Bizimungu

Pasteur Bizimungu (born 1950) was the third President of Rwanda, holding office from 19 July 1994 until 23 March 2000.

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Pierre Habumuremyi

Pierre-Damien Habumuremyi (born 21 February 1961) is a Rwandan politician who served as Prime Minister of Rwanda from 7 October 2011 until 24 July 2014.

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Pierre-Célestin Rwigema

Pierre-Célestin Rwigema (born 27 July 1953) is a Rwandan politician previously associated with the moderate faction of the Republican Democratic Movement (MDR) party.

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Pneumonia

Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung affecting primarily the small air sacs known as alveoli.

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Politics of Rwanda

Rwanda gained its independence on July 1, 1962.

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Pound sterling

The pound sterling (symbol: £; ISO code: GBP), commonly known as the pound and less commonly referred to as Sterling, is the official currency of the United Kingdom, Jersey, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, the British Antarctic Territory, and Tristan da Cunha.

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Prerogative of mercy (Rwanda)

The prerogative of mercy is a form of pardon which can be exercised by the President of Rwanda.

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President of Uganda

The President of the Republic of Uganda is the head of state and head of government of Uganda.

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Privatization

Privatization (also spelled privatisation) is the purchase of all outstanding shares of a publicly traded company by private investors, or the sale of a state-owned enterprise to private investors.

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Prosper Higiro

Prosper Higiro (born 28 January 1961) is a Rwandan politician and member of the Liberal Party as its official chairperson.

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Purchasing power parity

Purchasing power parity (PPP) is a neoclassical economic theory that states that the exchange rate between two countries is equal to the ratio of the currencies' respective purchasing power.

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Pygmy peoples

In anthropology, pygmy peoples are ethnic groups whose average height is unusually short.

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Rally for Congolese Democracy

The Congolese Rally for Democracy (Rassemblement Congolais pour la Démocratie; abbreviated RCD), also known as the Rally for Congolese Democracy, is a political party and a former rebel group that operated in the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).

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Rally for Congolese Democracy–Goma

The Rally for Congolese Democracy–Goma (Rassemblement Congolais pour la Démocratie-Goma, known as RCD-Goma) was a faction of the Rally for Congolese Democracy, a rebel movement based in Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) during the Second Congo War (1998–2003).

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Red tape

Red tape is an idiom that refers to excessive regulation or rigid conformity to formal rules that is considered redundant or bureaucratic and hinders or prevents action or decision-making.

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Refugee

A refugee, generally speaking, is a displaced person who has been forced to cross national boundaries and who cannot return home safely (for more detail see legal definition).

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Republican Democratic Movement

The Republican Democratic Movement (Mouvement démocratique républicain, MDR) was a political party in Rwanda.

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Roméo Dallaire

Lieutenant-General Roméo Antonius Dallaire, (born June 25, 1946) is a Canadian humanitarian, author and retired senator and general.

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Rosalie Gicanda

Queen Dowager Rosalie Gicanda (1928, Dreamstime, Retrieved 21 October 2016 – 20 April 1994) was the wife of Rwandan Mwami (King in the Kinyarwanda language) Mutara III of Rwanda.

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Ruanda-Urundi

Ruanda-Urundi (in Dutch also Roeanda-Oeroendi) was a territory in the African Great Lakes region, once part of German East Africa, which was ruled by Belgium between 1916 and 1962.

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Ruhengeri

Ruhengeri is a city and capital of Musanze District in the Northern Province of Rwanda.

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Rwanda

Rwanda (U Rwanda), officially the Republic of Rwanda (Repubulika y'u Rwanda; République du Rwanda), is a sovereign state in Central and East Africa and one of the smallest countries on the African mainland.

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Rwanda Development Board

Rwanda Development Board (RDB), is a government department that integrates all government agencies responsible for the attraction, retention and facilitation of investments in the national economy.

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Rwandan Civil War

The Rwandan Civil War was a conflict in the African republic of Rwanda, between the Rwandan Armed Forces (FAR) and the rebel Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF).

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Rwandan Defence Forces

The Rwanda Defence Force (RDF, Kinyarwanda: Ingabo z'u Rwanda; French: Forces rwandaises de défense) is the national army of Rwanda.

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Rwandan genocide

The Rwandan genocide, also known as the genocide against the Tutsi, was a genocidal mass slaughter of Tutsi in Rwanda by members of the Hutu majority government.

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Rwandan Patriotic Front

The Rwandan Patriotic Front (Front patriotique rwandais, FPR) is the ruling political party in Rwanda.

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Rwandan presidential election, 2003

Presidential elections were held in Rwanda on 25 August 2003.

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Rwandan presidential election, 2010

Presidential elections were held in Rwanda on 2010, the second since the Rwandan Civil War.

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Rwandan presidential election, 2017

Presidential elections were held in Rwanda on 4 August 2017.

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Rwandan Revolution

The Rwandan Revolution, also known as the Social Revolution or Wind of Destruction (muyaga), was a period of ethnic violence in Rwanda from 1959 to 1961 between the Hutu and the Tutsi, two of the three ethnic groups in Rwanda.

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Second Congo War

The Second Congo War (also known as the Great War of Africa or the Great African War, and sometimes referred to as the African World War) began in August 1998 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, little more than a year after the First Congo War, and involved some of the same issues.

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Senate (Rwanda)

The upper house of the Parliament of Rwanda (Inteko Ishinga Amategeko; Parlement) is the Senate (Sena/Sénat).

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Seth Sendashonga

Seth Sendashonga (1951 – 16 May 1998) was the Minister of the Interior in the government of national unity in Rwanda, following the military victory of the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) after the 1994 genocide.

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Single African Air Transport Market

The Single African Air Transport Market (SAATM) is a project of the African Union to create a single market for air transport in Africa.

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Single market

A single market is a type of trade bloc in which most trade barriers have been removed (for goods) with some common policies on product regulation, and freedom of movement of the factors of production (capital and labour) and of enterprise and services.

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Six-Day War (2000)

The Six-Day War (Guerre des Six Jours) was a series of armed confrontations between Ugandan and Rwandan forces around the city of Kisangani in the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 5 to 10 June 2000.

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SNV Netherlands Development Organisation

SNV Netherlands Development Organisation is a non-profit, international development organisation, established in the Netherlands in 1965.

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Social Democratic Party (Rwanda)

The Social Democratic Party (Parti Social Démocrate) is a centre-left social democratic political party in Rwanda.

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South Kivu

South Kivu (Sud-Kivu) is one of 26 provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Southern Province, Rwanda

Southern Province (Intara y'Amajyepfo; Province du Sud) is one of Rwanda's five provinces.

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Spartanburg Herald-Journal

The Spartanburg Herald-Journal is a daily newspaper, and the primary newspaper for Spartanburg, South Carolina, United States.

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Starbucks

Starbucks Corporation is an American coffee company and coffeehouse chain.

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Stephen Kinzer

Stephen Kinzer (born August 4, 1951) is an American author, journalist and academic.

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Sub-Saharan Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa is, geographically, the area of the continent of Africa that lies south of the Sahara.

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Subsistence agriculture

Subsistence agriculture is a self-sufficiency farming system in which the farmers focus on growing enough food to feed themselves and their entire families.

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Supreme Court of Rwanda

The Supreme Court of Rwanda is the highest court of Rwanda, as defined by Article 143 of the 2003 Constitution of Rwanda.

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Tanzania

Tanzania, officially the United Republic of Tanzania (Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a sovereign state in eastern Africa within the African Great Lakes region.

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Tariff

A tariff is a tax on imports or exports between sovereign states.

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Tertiary sector of the economy

The tertiary sector or service sector is the third of the three economic sectors of the three-sector theory.

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Tetanus

Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is an infection characterized by muscle spasms.

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Thailand

Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and formerly known as Siam, is a unitary state at the center of the Southeast Asian Indochinese peninsula composed of 76 provinces.

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Théoneste Bagosora

Colonel Théoneste Bagosora (born 16 August 1941) is a former Rwandan military officer.

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The Age

The Age is a daily newspaper that has been published in Melbourne, Australia, since 1854.

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The Daily Telegraph

The Daily Telegraph, commonly referred to simply as The Telegraph, is a national British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed across the United Kingdom and internationally.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The New Times (Rwanda)

The New Times is a national English language newspaper in Rwanda.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The Observer (Uganda)

The Weekly Observer is a Ugandan weekly newspaper headquartered in Kampala.

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The San Diego Union-Tribune

The San Diego Union-Tribune is an American metropolitan daily newspaper, published in San Diego, California. Its name derives from a 1992 merger between the two major daily newspapers at the time, The San Diego Union and the San Diego Evening Tribune. The name changed to U-T San Diego in 2012 but was changed again to The San Diego Union-Tribune in 2015. In 2015, it was acquired by Tribune Publishing, later renamed tronc. In February 2018 it was announced to be sold, along with the Los Angeles Times, to Patrick Soon-Shiong's investment firm Nant Capital LLC for $500 million plus $90m in pension liabilities. The sale closed on June 18, 2018.

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The Sydney Morning Herald

The Sydney Morning Herald (SMH) is a daily compact newspaper published by Fairfax Media in Sydney, Australia.

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The Washington Post

The Washington Post is a major American daily newspaper founded on December 6, 1877.

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The World Factbook

The World Factbook, also known as the CIA World Factbook, is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world.

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This Is Africa

This Is Africa is an English-language bi-monthly business publication owned by The Financial Times Ltd and edited in London.

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Tony Blair

Anthony Charles Lynton Blair (born 6 May 1953) is a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1997 to 2007 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1994 to 2007.

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Toro sub-region

Toro sub-region is a region in Uganda that is coterminous with Toro Kingdom in Western Uganda.

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Tourism in Rwanda

Tourism in Rwanda is rapidly increasing.

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Transparency International

Transparency International e.V. (TI) is an international non-governmental organization which is based in Berlin, Germany, and was founded in 1993.

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Travel visa

A visa (from the Latin charta visa, meaning "paper which has been seen") is a conditional authorization granted by a country to a foreigner, allowing them to enter, remain within, or to leave that country.

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Tufts University

Tufts University is a private research university incorporated in the municipality of Medford, Massachusetts, United States.

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Tutsi

The Tutsi, or Abatutsi, are a social class or ethnic group of the African Great Lakes region.

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Twa

The Twa (Batwa, also Cwa IPA) are a group of African Pygmy (Central African foragers) peoples, tribes or castes who live interdependently with agricultural Bantu populations, providing the farming population with game in exchange for agricultural products.

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Twitter

Twitter is an online news and social networking service on which users post and interact with messages known as "tweets".

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Uganda

Uganda, officially the Republic of Uganda (Jamhuri ya Uganda), is a landlocked country in East Africa.

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Uganda–Tanzania War

The Uganda–Tanzania war (commonly known in Uganda as the Liberation War) was fought between Uganda and Tanzania in 1978–1979, and led to the overthrow of Idi Amin's regime.

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Ugandan general election, 1980

General elections were held in Uganda on 10 and 11 December 1980.

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United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda

The United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (UNAMIR) was established by United Nations Security Council Resolution 872 on 5 October 1993.

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United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, is a United Nations programme with the mandate to protect refugees, forcibly displaced communities and stateless people, and assist in their voluntary repatriation, local integration or resettlement to a third country.

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United Nations Security Council

The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, charged with the maintenance of international peace and security as well as accepting new members to the United Nations and approving any changes to its United Nations Charter.

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United Nations trust territories

United Nations trust territories were the successors of the remaining League of Nations mandates, and came into being when the League of Nations ceased to exist in 1946.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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United States Army Command and General Staff College

The United States Army Command and General Staff College (CGSC or, obsolete, USACGSC) at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, is a graduate school for United States Army and sister service officers, interagency representatives, and international military officers.

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University of Glasgow

The University of Glasgow (Oilthigh Ghlaschu; Universitas Glasguensis; abbreviated as Glas. in post-nominals) is the fourth-oldest university in the English-speaking world and one of Scotland's four ancient universities.

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University of the Pacific (United States)

The University of the Pacific (also referred to as Pacific or UOP) is a private university in Stockton, California.

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Vice President of Rwanda

Vice President of Rwanda was a political position in Rwanda created for Paul Kagame from 1994 to 2000.

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Victoire Ingabire Umuhoza

Victoire Ingabire Umuhoza (born 3 October 1968) is the chairperson of the Unified Democratic Forces (UDF), a coalition of Rwandan exile opposition groups with a large base of active members in Rwanda, Europe, United States of America and in Canada.

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Virunga Mountains

The Virunga Mountains (also known as Mufumbiro) are a chain of volcanoes in East Africa, along the northern border of Rwanda, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and Uganda.

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Vision 2020 (Rwanda)

Vision 2020 is a government development program in Rwanda, launched in 2000 by Rwandan president Paul Kagame.

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World Bank

The World Bank (Banque mondiale) is an international financial institution that provides loans to countries of the world for capital projects.

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Youth in Rwanda

Youth in Rwanda constituted 40% of the resident population in 2012, numbering 4.1 million.

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YouTube

YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California.

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Yoweri Museveni

Yoweri Museveni (born 15 September 1944) is a Ugandan politician who has been the President of Uganda since 1986.

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Zaire

Zaire, officially the Republic of Zaire (République du Zaïre), was the name for the Democratic Republic of the Congo that existed between 1971 and 1997 in Central Africa.

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Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe, officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country located in southern Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, bordered by South Africa, Botswana, Zambia and Mozambique. The capital and largest city is Harare. A country of roughly million people, Zimbabwe has 16 official languages, with English, Shona, and Ndebele the most commonly used. Since the 11th century, present-day Zimbabwe has been the site of several organised states and kingdoms as well as a major route for migration and trade. The British South Africa Company of Cecil Rhodes first demarcated the present territory during the 1890s; it became the self-governing British colony of Southern Rhodesia in 1923. In 1965, the conservative white minority government unilaterally declared independence as Rhodesia. The state endured international isolation and a 15-year guerrilla war with black nationalist forces; this culminated in a peace agreement that established universal enfranchisement and de jure sovereignty as Zimbabwe in April 1980. Zimbabwe then joined the Commonwealth of Nations, from which it was suspended in 2002 for breaches of international law by its then government and from which it withdrew from in December 2003. It is a member of the United Nations, the Southern African Development Community (SADC), the African Union (AU), and the Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA). It was once known as the "Jewel of Africa" for its prosperity. Robert Mugabe became Prime Minister of Zimbabwe in 1980, when his ZANU-PF party won the elections following the end of white minority rule; he was the President of Zimbabwe from 1987 until his resignation in 2017. Under Mugabe's authoritarian regime, the state security apparatus dominated the country and was responsible for widespread human rights violations. Mugabe maintained the revolutionary socialist rhetoric of the Cold War era, blaming Zimbabwe's economic woes on conspiring Western capitalist countries. Contemporary African political leaders were reluctant to criticise Mugabe, who was burnished by his anti-imperialist credentials, though Archbishop Desmond Tutu called him "a cartoon figure of an archetypal African dictator". The country has been in economic decline since the 1990s, experiencing several crashes and hyperinflation along the way. On 15 November 2017, in the wake of over a year of protests against his government as well as Zimbabwe's rapidly declining economy, Mugabe was placed under house arrest by the country's national army in a coup d'état. On 19 November 2017, ZANU-PF sacked Robert Mugabe as party leader and appointed former Vice President Emmerson Mnangagwa in his place. On 21 November 2017, Mugabe tendered his resignation prior to impeachment proceedings being completed.

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Redirects here:

Ivan Kagame, KAGAME Paul, Kagame Paul, Kaggers, Paul Kagamé, Paul cagame, President Kagame.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Kagame

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