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130 relations: Abnormal grain growth, Accidental symmetry, Adiabatic invariant, Adsorption, Allotropes of iron, Allotropy, Amorphous solid, Analytic function, ANNNI model, Antimonide, Austenite, Autocatalysis, Big Bang, Boiling point, Bose–Einstein condensate, Boson, Classical XY model, Coil–globule transition, Commensurability (mathematics), Continuum percolation theory, Correlation function (statistical mechanics), Course of Theoretical Physics, Critical exponent, Critical opalescence, Critical point (thermodynamics), Crystal, Crystal growth, Crystallography, Curie temperature, Derivative, Diabatic, Differential scanning calorimetry, Diffusionless transformation, DNA condensation, Ehrenfest equations, Electromagnetic field, Electron paramagnetic resonance, Electroweak interaction, Equilibrium fractionation, Eric Chaisson, Eutectic system, Evgeny Lifshitz, Ferromagnetism, Glass transition, Hagen Kleinert, Heat capacity, Helium, Hydrogen, Infinity, International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, ..., Ising model, Isotope fractionation, Jamming (physics), Jeremy Bernstein, Kelvin probe force microscope, Kosterlitz–Thouless transition, Lambda transition, Landau theory, Lars Onsager, Laser-heated pedestal growth, Latent heat, Lev Landau, Lipid bilayer, Liquid crystal, List of states of matter, Logarithm, Magnet, Magnetic susceptibility, Magnetization, Manfred R. Schroeder, Mesophase, Metastability, Micro-pulling-down, Multicritical point, Neural network, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Nucleic acid thermodynamics, Order and disorder, Paramagnetism, Paul Ehrenfest, Percolation theory, Perseus Books Group, Phase (matter), Phase diagram, Phase transition, Phenomenology (particle physics), Philip Warren Anderson, Physical cosmology, Polyamorphism, Polymer, Polymorphism (materials science), Power law, Pressure, Protein folding, Quantum field theory, Quantum phase transition, Quantum vortex, Relational theory, Renormalization group, Shlomo Havlin, Spin label, Spinodal decomposition, Spontaneous symmetry breaking, Superconductivity, Supercooling, Superfluid film, Superfluidity, Superheating, Superradiant phase transition, Supersaturation, Susceptibility, Symmetry breaking, Thermodynamic free energy, Thermodynamic limit, Titanium aluminide, Topological defect, Topological quantum field theory, Translational symmetry, Turbulence, Two-dimensional electron gas, Type-I superconductor, Type-II superconductor, University of Chicago Press, Vapor, Vapor pressure, Variational perturbation theory, Virtual particle, Vortex, W. H. Freeman and Company, Water vapor. Expand index (80 more) »
Abnormal grain growth
Abnormal or discontinuous grain growth, also referred to as exaggerated or secondary recrystallisation grain growth, is a grain growth phenomenon through which certain energetically favorable grains (crystallites) grow rapidly in a matrix of finer grains resulting in a bimodal grain size distribution.
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Accidental symmetry
In physics, particularly in renormalization theory, an accidental symmetry is a symmetry which is present in a renormalizable theory only because the terms which break it have too high a dimension to appear in the Lagrangian.
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Adiabatic invariant
A property of a physical system, such as the entropy of a gas, that stays approximately constant when changes occur slowly is called an adiabatic invariant.
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Adsorption
Adsorption is the adhesion of atoms, ions or molecules from a gas, liquid or dissolved solid to a surface.
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Allotropes of iron
Iron represents perhaps the best-known example for allotropy in a metal.
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Allotropy
Allotropy or allotropism is the property of some chemical elements to exist in two or more different forms, in the same physical state, known as allotropes of these elements.
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Amorphous solid
In condensed matter physics and materials science, an amorphous (from the Greek a, without, morphé, shape, form) or non-crystalline solid is a solid that lacks the long-range order that is characteristic of a crystal.
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Analytic function
In mathematics, an analytic function is a function that is locally given by a convergent power series.
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ANNNI model
In statistical physics, the axial (or anisotropic) next-nearest neighbor Ising model, usually known as the ANNNI model, is a variant of the Ising model in which competing ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic exchange interactions couple spins at nearest and next-nearest neighbor sites along one of the crystallographic axes of the lattice.
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Antimonide
Antimonides (sometimes called stibnides) are compounds of antimony with more electropositive elements.
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Austenite
Austenite, also known as gamma-phase iron (γ-Fe), is a metallic, non-magnetic allotrope of iron or a solid solution of iron, with an alloying element.
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Autocatalysis
A single chemical reaction is said to be autocatalytic if one of the reaction products is also a catalyst for the same or a coupled reaction.
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Big Bang
The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model for the universe from the earliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale evolution.
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Boiling point
The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the pressure surrounding the liquid and the liquid changes into a vapor.
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Bose–Einstein condensate
A Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter of a dilute gas of bosons cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero.
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Boson
In quantum mechanics, a boson is a particle that follows Bose–Einstein statistics.
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Classical XY model
The classical XY model (sometimes also called classical rotor (rotator) model or O(2) model) is a lattice model of statistical mechanics.
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Coil–globule transition
In polymer physics, the coil–globule transition is the collapse of a macromolecule from an expanded coil state through an ideal coil state to a collapsed globule state, or vice versa.
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Commensurability (mathematics)
In mathematics, two non-zero real numbers a and b are said to be commensurable if their ratio is a rational number; otherwise a and b are called incommensurable.
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Continuum percolation theory
In mathematics and probability theory, continuum percolation theory is a branch of mathematics that extends discrete percolation theory to continuous space (often Euclidean space). More specifically, the underlying points of discrete percolation form types of lattices whereas the underlying points of continuum percolation are often randomly positioned in some continuous space and form a type of point process.
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Correlation function (statistical mechanics)
In statistical mechanics, the correlation function is a measure of the order in a system, as characterized by a mathematical correlation function.
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Course of Theoretical Physics
The Course of Theoretical Physics is a ten-volume series of books covering theoretical physics that was initiated by Lev Landau and written in collaboration with his student Evgeny Lifshitz starting in the late 1930s.
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Critical exponent
Critical exponents describe the behavior of physical quantities near continuous phase transitions.
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Critical opalescence
Critical opalescence is a phenomenon which arises in the region of a continuous, or second-order, phase transition.
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Critical point (thermodynamics)
In thermodynamics, a critical point (or critical state) is the end point of a phase equilibrium curve.
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Crystal
A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituents (such as atoms, molecules, or ions) are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure, forming a crystal lattice that extends in all directions.
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Crystal growth
Crystal growth is the process where a pre-existing crystal becomes larger as more molecules or ions add in their positions in the crystal lattice.
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Crystallography
Crystallography is the experimental science of determining the arrangement of atoms in crystalline solids (see crystal structure).
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Curie temperature
In physics and materials science, the Curie temperature (TC), or Curie point, is the temperature above which certain materials lose their permanent magnetic properties, to be replaced by induced magnetism.
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Derivative
The derivative of a function of a real variable measures the sensitivity to change of the function value (output value) with respect to a change in its argument (input value).
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Diabatic
In quantum chemistry, the potential energy surfaces are obtained within the adiabatic or Born–Oppenheimer approximation.
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Differential scanning calorimetry
Differential scanning calorimetry, or DSC, is a thermoanalytical technique in which the difference in the amount of heat required to increase the temperature of a sample and reference is measured as a function of temperature.
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Diffusionless transformation
A diffusionless transformation is a phase change that occurs without the long-range diffusion of atoms but rather by some form of cooperative, homogeneous movement of many atoms that results in a change in crystal structure.
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DNA condensation
DNA condensation refers to the process of compacting DNA molecules in vitro or in vivo.
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Ehrenfest equations
Ehrenfest equations (named after Paul Ehrenfest) are equations which describe changes in specific heat capacity and derivatives of specific volume in second-order phase transitions.
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Electromagnetic field
An electromagnetic field (also EMF or EM field) is a physical field produced by electrically charged objects.
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Electron paramagnetic resonance
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) or electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy is a method for studying materials with unpaired electrons.
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Electroweak interaction
In particle physics, the electroweak interaction is the unified description of two of the four known fundamental interactions of nature: electromagnetism and the weak interaction.
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Equilibrium fractionation
Equilibrium isotope fractionation is the partial separation of isotopes between two or more substances in chemical equilibrium.
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Eric Chaisson
Eric J. Chaisson (pronounced chase-on, born on October 26, 1946 in Lowell, Massachusetts) is an American astrophysicist best known for his research, teaching, and writing on the interdisciplinary science of cosmic evolution.
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Eutectic system
A eutectic system from the Greek "ευ" (eu.
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Evgeny Lifshitz
Evgeny Mikhailovich Lifshitz (Евге́ний Миха́йлович Ли́фшиц; February 21, 1915, Kharkov, Russian Empire – October 29, 1985, Moscow, Russian SFSR) was a leading Soviet physicist and the brother of physicist Ilya Mikhailovich Lifshitz.
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Ferromagnetism
Ferromagnetism is the basic mechanism by which certain materials (such as iron) form permanent magnets, or are attracted to magnets.
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Glass transition
The glass–liquid transition, or glass transition, is the gradual and reversible transition in amorphous materials (or in amorphous regions within semicrystalline materials), from a hard and relatively brittle "glassy" state into a viscous or rubbery state as the temperature is increased.
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Hagen Kleinert
Hagen Kleinert (born 15 June 1941) is Professor of Theoretical Physics at the Free University of Berlin, Germany (since 1968), at the West University of Timişoara, at the in Bishkek.
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Heat capacity
Heat capacity or thermal capacity is a measurable physical quantity equal to the ratio of the heat added to (or removed from) an object to the resulting temperature change.
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Helium
Helium (from lit) is a chemical element with symbol He and atomic number 2.
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Hydrogen
Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and atomic number 1.
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Infinity
Infinity (symbol) is a concept describing something without any bound or larger than any natural number.
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International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is an international federation of National Adhering Organizations that represents chemists in individual countries.
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Ising model
The Ising model, named after the physicist Ernst Ising, is a mathematical model of ferromagnetism in statistical mechanics.
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Isotope fractionation
Isotope fractionation describes processes that affect the relative abundance of isotopes, often used in isotope geochemistry.
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Jamming (physics)
Jamming is the physical process by which the viscosity of some mesoscopic materials, such as granular materials, glasses, foams, polymers, emulsions, and other complex fluids, increases with increasing particle density.
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Jeremy Bernstein
Jeremy Bernstein (born December 31, 1929, in Rochester, New York) is an American theoretical physicist and science essayist.
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Kelvin probe force microscope
Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), also known as surface potential microscopy, is a noncontact variant of atomic force microscopy (AFM).
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Kosterlitz–Thouless transition
The Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition (BKT transition) is a phase transition in the two-dimensional (2-D) XY model.
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Lambda transition
The λ (lambda) universality class is a group in condensed matter physics.
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Landau theory
Landau theory in physics is a theory that Lev Landau introduced in an attempt to formulate a general theory of continuous (i.e., second-order) phase transitions.
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Lars Onsager
Lars Onsager (November 27, 1903 – October 5, 1976) was a Norwegian-born American physical chemist and theoretical physicist.
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Laser-heated pedestal growth
Laser-heated pedestal growth (LHPG) or laser floating zone (LFZ) is a crystal growth technique.
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Latent heat
Latent heat is thermal energy released or absorbed, by a body or a thermodynamic system, during a constant-temperature process — usually a first-order phase transition.
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Lev Landau
Lev Davidovich Landau (22 January 1908 - April 1968) was a Soviet physicist who made fundamental contributions to many areas of theoretical physics.
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Lipid bilayer
The lipid bilayer (or phospholipid bilayer) is a thin polar membrane made of two layers of lipid molecules.
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Liquid crystal
Liquid crystals (LCs) are matter in a state which has properties between those of conventional liquids and those of solid crystals.
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List of states of matter
Classically, states of matter are distinguished by changes in specific heat capacity, pressure, and temperature.
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Logarithm
In mathematics, the logarithm is the inverse function to exponentiation.
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Magnet
A magnet is a material or object that produces a magnetic field.
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Magnetic susceptibility
In electromagnetism, the magnetic susceptibility (Latin: susceptibilis, "receptive"; denoted) is one measure of the magnetic properties of a material.
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Magnetization
In classical electromagnetism, magnetization or magnetic polarization is the vector field that expresses the density of permanent or induced magnetic dipole moments in a magnetic material.
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Manfred R. Schroeder
Manfred Robert Schroeder (12 July 1926 – 28 December 2009) was a German physicist, most known for his contributions to acoustics and computer graphics.
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Mesophase
In physics, a mesophase is a state of matter intermediate between liquid and solid.
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Metastability
In physics, metastability is a stable state of a dynamical system other than the system's state of least energy.
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Micro-pulling-down
The micro-pulling-down (µ-PD) method is a crystal growth technique based on continuous transport of the melted substance through micro-channel(s) made in a crucible bottom.
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Multicritical point
Multicritical points are special points in the parameter space of thermodynamic or other systems with a continuous phase transition.
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Neural network
The term neural network was traditionally used to refer to a network or circuit of neurons.
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Nuclear magnetic resonance
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a physical phenomenon in which nuclei in a magnetic field absorb and re-emit electromagnetic radiation.
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Nucleic acid thermodynamics
Nucleic acid thermodynamics is the study of how temperature affects the nucleic acid structure of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA).
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Order and disorder
In physics, the terms order and disorder designate the presence or absence of some symmetry or correlation in a many-particle system.
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Paramagnetism
Paramagnetism is a form of magnetism whereby certain materials are weakly attracted by an externally applied magnetic field, and form internal, induced magnetic fields in the direction of the applied magnetic field.
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Paul Ehrenfest
Paul Ehrenfest (18 January 1880 – 25 September 1933) was an Austrian and Dutch theoretical physicist, who made major contributions to the field of statistical mechanics and its relations with quantum mechanics, including the theory of phase transition and the Ehrenfest theorem.
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Percolation theory
In statistical physics and mathematics, percolation theory describes the behaviour of connected clusters in a random graph.
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Perseus Books Group
Perseus Books Group was an American publishing company founded in 1996 by investor Frank Pearl.
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Phase (matter)
In the physical sciences, a phase is a region of space (a thermodynamic system), throughout which all physical properties of a material are essentially uniform.
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Phase diagram
A phase diagram in physical chemistry, engineering, mineralogy, and materials science is a type of chart used to show conditions (pressure, temperature, volume, etc.) at which thermodynamically distinct phases occur and coexist at equilibrium.
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Phase transition
The term phase transition (or phase change) is most commonly used to describe transitions between solid, liquid and gaseous states of matter, and, in rare cases, plasma.
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Phenomenology (particle physics)
Particle physics phenomenology is the part of theoretical particle physics that deals with the application of theoretical physics to high-energy experiments.
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Philip Warren Anderson
Philip Warren Anderson (born December 13, 1923) is an American physicist and Nobel laureate.
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Physical cosmology
Physical cosmology is the study of the largest-scale structures and dynamics of the Universe and is concerned with fundamental questions about its origin, structure, evolution, and ultimate fate.
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Polyamorphism
Polyamorphism is the ability of a substance to exist in several different amorphous modifications.
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Polymer
A polymer (Greek poly-, "many" + -mer, "part") is a large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits.
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Polymorphism (materials science)
In materials science, polymorphism is the ability of a solid material to exist in more than one form or crystal structure.
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Power law
In statistics, a power law is a functional relationship between two quantities, where a relative change in one quantity results in a proportional relative change in the other quantity, independent of the initial size of those quantities: one quantity varies as a power of another.
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Pressure
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.
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Protein folding
Protein folding is the physical process by which a protein chain acquires its native 3-dimensional structure, a conformation that is usually biologically functional, in an expeditious and reproducible manner.
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Quantum field theory
In theoretical physics, quantum field theory (QFT) is the theoretical framework for constructing quantum mechanical models of subatomic particles in particle physics and quasiparticles in condensed matter physics.
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Quantum phase transition
In physics, a quantum phase transition (QPT) is a phase transition between different quantum phases (phases of matter at zero temperature).
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Quantum vortex
In physics, a quantum vortex represents a quantized flux circulation of some physical quantity.
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Relational theory
In physics and philosophy, a relational theory is a framework to understand reality or a physical system in such a way that the positions and other properties of objects are only meaningful relative to other objects.
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Renormalization group
In theoretical physics, the renormalization group (RG) refers to a mathematical apparatus that allows systematic investigation of the changes of a physical system as viewed at different scales.
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Shlomo Havlin
Shlomo Havlin (born July 21, 1942) is a Professor in the Department of Physics at Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
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Spin label
A spin label (SL) is an organic molecule which possesses an unpaired electron, usually on a nitrogen atom, and the ability to bind to another molecule.
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Spinodal decomposition
Spinodal decomposition is a mechanism for the rapid unmixing of a mixture of liquids or solids,. from one thermodynamic phase to form two coexisting phases.
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Spontaneous symmetry breaking
Spontaneous symmetry breaking is a spontaneous process of symmetry breaking, by which a physical system in a symmetric state ends up in an asymmetric state.
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Superconductivity
Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance and expulsion of magnetic flux fields occurring in certain materials, called superconductors, when cooled below a characteristic critical temperature.
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Supercooling
Supercooling, also known as undercooling, is the process of lowering the temperature of a liquid or a gas below its freezing point without it becoming a solid.
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Superfluid film
Superfluidity and superconductivity are macroscopic manifestations of quantum mechanics.
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Superfluidity
Superfluidity is the characteristic property of a fluid with zero viscosity which therefore flows without loss of kinetic energy.
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Superheating
In physics, superheating (sometimes referred to as boiling retardation, or boiling delay) is the phenomenon in which a liquid is heated to a temperature higher than its boiling point, without boiling.
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Superradiant phase transition
In quantum optics, a superradiant phase transition is a phase transition that occurs in a collection of fluorescent emitters (such as atoms), between a state containing few electromagnetic excitations (as in the electromagnetic vacuum) and a superradiant state with many electromagnetic excitations trapped inside the emitters.
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Supersaturation
Supersaturation is a state of a solution that contains more of the dissolved material than could be dissolved by the solvent under normal circumstances.
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Susceptibility
Susceptibility may refer to.
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Symmetry breaking
In physics, symmetry breaking is a phenomenon in which (infinitesimally) small fluctuations acting on a system crossing a critical point decide the system's fate, by determining which branch of a bifurcation is taken.
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Thermodynamic free energy
The thermodynamic free energy is the amount of work that a thermodynamic system can perform.
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Thermodynamic limit
The thermodynamic limit, or macroscopic limit, of a system in statistical mechanics is the limit for a large number N of particles (e.g., atoms or molecules) where the volume is taken to grow in proportion with the number of particles.
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Titanium aluminide
Titanium aluminide, TiAl, is an intermetallic chemical compound.
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Topological defect
In mathematics and physics, a topological soliton or a topological defect is a solution of a system of partial differential equations or of a quantum field theory homotopically distinct from the vacuum solution.
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Topological quantum field theory
A topological quantum field theory (or topological field theory or TQFT) is a quantum field theory which computes topological invariants.
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Translational symmetry
In geometry, a translation "slides" a thing by a: Ta(p).
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Turbulence
In fluid dynamics, turbulence or turbulent flow is any pattern of fluid motion characterized by chaotic changes in pressure and flow velocity.
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Two-dimensional electron gas
A two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) is a scientific model in solid-state physics.
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Type-I superconductor
The interior of a bulk superconductor cannot be penetrated by a weak magnetic field, a phenomenon known as the Meissner effect.
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Type-II superconductor
In superconductivity, a type-II superconductor is characterized by the formation of magnetic vortices in an applied magnetic field.
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University of Chicago Press
The University of Chicago Press is the largest and one of the oldest university presses in the United States.
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Vapor
In physics a vapor (American) or vapour (British and Canadian) is a substance in the gas phase at a temperature lower than its critical temperature,R.
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Vapor pressure
Vapor pressure or equilibrium vapor pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed phases (solid or liquid) at a given temperature in a closed system.
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Variational perturbation theory
In mathematics, variational perturbation theory (VPT) is a mathematical method to convert divergent power series in a small expansion parameter, say into a convergent series in powers where \omega is a critical exponent (the so-called index of "approach to scaling" introduced by Franz Wegner).
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Virtual particle
In physics, a virtual particle is a transient fluctuation that exhibits some of the characteristics of an ordinary particle, but whose existence is limited by the uncertainty principle.
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Vortex
In fluid dynamics, a vortex (plural vortices/vortexes) is a region in a fluid in which the flow revolves around an axis line, which may be straight or curved.
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W. H. Freeman and Company
W.
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Water vapor
No description.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_transition
