Faster access than browser!
102 relations: Addiction, Agonist, Alcohol dependence, Alcohol withdrawal syndrome, Alcoholic drink, Allosteric modulator, Alpha-adrenergic agonist, Alprazolam, Anabolic steroid, Anticonvulsant, Antidepressant, Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome, Antiparkinson medication, Antipsychotic, Baclofen, Barbiturate, Benzodiazepine, Benzodiazepine dependence, Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome, Beta blocker, Buprenorphine, Caffeine, Carbamate, Carbamazepine, Carisoprodol, Chloral hydrate, Clomethiazole, Clonidine, Clozapine, Codeine, Confusion, Delirium tremens, Diazepam, Drug tolerance, Drug withdrawal, Epileptic seizure, Ethanol, Fentanyl, GABAA receptor, GABAB receptor, Gabapentin, Gamma-Aminobutyric acid, Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid, Genes, Brain and Behavior, Glucocorticoid, Glutethimide, Hallucination, Haloperidol, Heroin, Inverse agonist, ..., Κ-opioid receptor, Μ-opioid receptor, Lamotrigine, Ligand-gated ion channel, Loperamide, Lorazepam, Meprobamate, Metabotropic receptor, Methadone, Methaqualone, Morphine, Nalbuphine, Naltrexone, Nicotine, Nicotine withdrawal, Nonbenzodiazepine, Olanzapine, Ondansetron, Opioid, Opioid antagonist, Oxcarbazepine, Oxycodone, Phenibut, Phenobarbital, Post-acute-withdrawal syndrome, Pregabalin, Propranolol, Psychological dependence, Rebound effect, Relapse, Risperidone, Salvinorin A, Secobarbital, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, Sodium thiopental, Steroid, Substance abuse, Substance dependence, Thioridazine, Tiagabine, Tobacco, Topiramate, Tybamate, Valproate, Venlafaxine, Vigabatrin, Withdrawal syndrome, Z-drug, Zolpidem, Zopiclone, 1,4-Butanediol. Expand index (52 more) »
Addiction
Addiction is a brain disorder characterized by compulsive engagement in rewarding stimuli despite adverse consequences.
New!!: Physical dependence and Addiction · See more »
Agonist
An agonist is a chemical that binds to a receptor and activates the receptor to produce a biological response.
New!!: Physical dependence and Agonist · See more »
Alcohol dependence
Alcohol dependence is a previous psychiatric diagnosis in which an individual is physically or psychologically dependent upon alcohol (also known formally as ethanol).
New!!: Physical dependence and Alcohol dependence · See more »
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome is a set of symptoms that can occur following a reduction in alcohol use after a period of excessive use.
New!!: Physical dependence and Alcohol withdrawal syndrome · See more »
Alcoholic drink
An alcoholic drink (or alcoholic beverage) is a drink that contains ethanol, a type of alcohol produced by fermentation of grains, fruits, or other sources of sugar.
New!!: Physical dependence and Alcoholic drink · See more »
Allosteric modulator
In biochemistry and pharmacology, an allosteric modulator (allo- from the Greek meaning "other") is a substance which indirectly influences (modulates) the effects of a primary ligand that directly activates or deactivates the function of a target protein.
New!!: Physical dependence and Allosteric modulator · See more »
Alpha-adrenergic agonist
Adrenergic alpha-agonists (or alpha-adrenergic agonists) are a class of sympathomimetic agents that selectively stimulates alpha adrenergic receptors.
New!!: Physical dependence and Alpha-adrenergic agonist · See more »
Alprazolam
Alprazolam, available under the trade name Xanax, is a potent, short-acting benzodiazepine anxiolytic—a minor tranquilizer.
New!!: Physical dependence and Alprazolam · See more »
Anabolic steroid
Anabolic steroids, also known more properly as anabolic–androgenic steroids (AAS), are steroidal androgens that include natural androgens like testosterone as well as synthetic androgens that are structurally related and have similar effects to testosterone.
New!!: Physical dependence and Anabolic steroid · See more »
Anticonvulsant
Anticonvulsants (also commonly known as antiepileptic drugs or as antiseizure drugs) are a diverse group of pharmacological agents used in the treatment of epileptic seizures.
New!!: Physical dependence and Anticonvulsant · See more »
Antidepressant
Antidepressants are drugs used for the treatment of major depressive disorder and other conditions, including dysthymia, anxiety disorders, obsessive–compulsive disorder, eating disorders, chronic pain, neuropathic pain and, in some cases, dysmenorrhoea, snoring, migraine, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), addiction, dependence, and sleep disorders.
New!!: Physical dependence and Antidepressant · See more »
Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome
Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome is a condition that can occur following the interruption, dose reduction, or discontinuation of antidepressant drugs, including selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs).
New!!: Physical dependence and Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome · See more »
Antiparkinson medication
An antiparkinson medication is a type of drug which is intended to treat and relieve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
New!!: Physical dependence and Antiparkinson medication · See more »
Antipsychotic
Antipsychotics, also known as neuroleptics or major tranquilizers, are a class of medication primarily used to manage psychosis (including delusions, hallucinations, paranoia or disordered thought), principally in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
New!!: Physical dependence and Antipsychotic · See more »
Baclofen
Baclofen, sold under the brand name Lioresal among others, is a medication used to treat spasticity.
New!!: Physical dependence and Baclofen · See more »
Barbiturate
A barbiturate is a drug that acts as a central nervous system depressant, and can therefore produce a wide spectrum of effects, from mild sedation to death.
New!!: Physical dependence and Barbiturate · See more »
Benzodiazepine
Benzodiazepines (BZD, BZs), sometimes called "benzos", are a class of psychoactive drugs whose core chemical structure is the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring.
New!!: Physical dependence and Benzodiazepine · See more »
Benzodiazepine dependence
Benzodiazepine dependence or benzodiazepine addiction is when one has developed one or more of either tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, drug seeking behaviors, such as continued use despite harmful effects, and maladaptive pattern of substance use, according to the DSM-IV.
New!!: Physical dependence and Benzodiazepine dependence · See more »
Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome
Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome—often abbreviated to benzo withdrawal—is the cluster of symptoms that emerge when a person who has taken benzodiazepines, either medically or recreationally, and has developed a physical dependence undergoes dosage reduction or discontinuation.
New!!: Physical dependence and Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome · See more »
Beta blocker
Beta blockers, also written β-blockers, are a class of medications that are particularly used to manage abnormal heart rhythms, and to protect the heart from a second heart attack (myocardial infarction) after a first heart attack (secondary prevention).
New!!: Physical dependence and Beta blocker · See more »
Buprenorphine
Buprenorphine, sold under the brand name Subutex, among others, is an opioid used to treat opioid addiction, acute pain, and chronic pain.
New!!: Physical dependence and Buprenorphine · See more »
Caffeine
Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant of the methylxanthine class.
New!!: Physical dependence and Caffeine · See more »
Carbamate
A carbamate is an organic compound derived from carbamic acid (NH2COOH).
New!!: Physical dependence and Carbamate · See more »
Carbamazepine
Carbamazepine (CBZ), sold under the tradename Tegretol, among others, is a medication used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy and neuropathic pain.
New!!: Physical dependence and Carbamazepine · See more »
Carisoprodol
Carisoprodol, marketed under the brand name Soma among others, is a prescription drug marketed since 1959.
New!!: Physical dependence and Carisoprodol · See more »
Chloral hydrate
Chloral hydrate is a geminal diol with the formula C2H3Cl3O2.
New!!: Physical dependence and Chloral hydrate · See more »
Clomethiazole
Clomethiazole (also called chlormethiazole) is a sedative and hypnotic originally developed by Hoffmann-La Roche in the 1930s.
New!!: Physical dependence and Clomethiazole · See more »
Clonidine
Clonidine (trade names Catapres, Kapvay, Nexiclon, Clophelin, and others) is a medication used to treat high blood pressure, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety disorders, tic disorders, withdrawal (from either alcohol, opioids, or smoking), migraine, menopausal flushing, diarrhea, and certain pain conditions.
New!!: Physical dependence and Clonidine · See more »
Clozapine
Clozapine, sold under the brand name Clozaril among others, is an atypical antipsychotic medication.
New!!: Physical dependence and Clozapine · See more »
Codeine
Codeine is an opiate used to treat pain, as a cough medicine, and for diarrhea. It is typically used to treat mild to moderate degrees of pain. Greater benefit may occur when combined with paracetamol (acetaminophen) or a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) such as aspirin or ibuprofen. Evidence does not support its use for acute cough suppression in children or adults. In Europe it is not recommended as a cough medicine in those under twelve years of age. It is generally taken by mouth. It typically starts working after half an hour with maximum effect at two hours. The total duration of its effects last for about four to six hours. Common side effects include vomiting, constipation, itchiness, lightheadedness, and drowsiness. Serious side effects may include breathing difficulties and addiction. It is unclear if its use in pregnancy is safe. Care should be used during breastfeeding as it may result in opiate toxicity in the baby. Its use as of 2016 is not recommended in children. Codeine works following being broken down by the liver into morphine. How quickly this occurs depends on a person's genetics. Codeine was discovered in 1832 by Pierre Jean Robiquet. In 2013 about 361,000 kilograms of codeine were produced while 249,000 kilograms were used. This makes it the most commonly taken opiate. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. The wholesale cost in the developing world is between 0.04 and 0.29 USD per dose as of 2014. In the United States it costs about one dollar a dose. Codeine occurs naturally and makes up about 2% of opium.
New!!: Physical dependence and Codeine · See more »
Confusion
Confusion (from Latin confusĭo, -ōnis, from confundere: "to pour together;" "to mingle together;" "to confuse") is the state of being bewildered or unclear in one’s mind about something.
New!!: Physical dependence and Confusion · See more »
Delirium tremens
Delirium tremens (DTs) is a rapid onset of confusion usually caused by withdrawal from alcohol.
New!!: Physical dependence and Delirium tremens · See more »
Diazepam
Diazepam, first marketed as Valium, is a medicine of the benzodiazepine family that typically produces a calming effect.
New!!: Physical dependence and Diazepam · See more »
Drug tolerance
Drug tolerance is a pharmacological concept describing subjects' reduced reaction to a drug following its repeated use.
New!!: Physical dependence and Drug tolerance · See more »
Drug withdrawal
Drug withdrawal is the group of symptoms that occur upon the abrupt discontinuation or decrease in intake of medications or recreational drugs.
New!!: Physical dependence and Drug withdrawal · See more »
Epileptic seizure
An epileptic seizure is a brief episode of signs or symptoms due to abnormally excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.
New!!: Physical dependence and Epileptic seizure · See more »
Ethanol
Ethanol, also called alcohol, ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, and drinking alcohol, is a chemical compound, a simple alcohol with the chemical formula.
New!!: Physical dependence and Ethanol · See more »
Fentanyl
Fentanyl, also spelled fentanil, is an opioid which is used as a pain medication and together with other medications for anesthesia. Fentanyl is also made illegally and used as a recreational drug, often mixed with heroin or cocaine. It has a rapid onset and effects generally last less than an hour or two. Medically, fentanyl is used by injection, as a patch on the skin, as a nasal spray, or in the mouth. Common side effects include vomiting, constipation, sedation, confusion, hallucinations, and injuries related to poor coordination. Serious side effects may include decreased breathing (respiratory depression), serotonin syndrome, low blood pressure, addiction, or coma. In 2016, more than 20,000 deaths occurred in the United States due to overdoses of fentanyl and fentanyl analogues, half of all reported opioid related deaths. Fentanyl works primarily by activating μ-opioid receptors. It is around 100 times stronger than morphine, and some analogues such as carfentanil are around 10,000 times stronger. Fentanyl was first made by Paul Janssen in 1960 and approved for medical use in the United States in 1968.In 2015, were used in healthcare globally., fentanyl was the most widely used synthetic opioid in medicine. Fentanyl patches are on the WHO List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. For a 100 microgram vial, the average wholesale cost in the developing world is 0.66 (2015). and in the USA it costs 0.49 (2017).
New!!: Physical dependence and Fentanyl · See more »
GABAA receptor
The GABAA receptor (GABAAR) is an ionotropic receptor and ligand-gated ion channel.
New!!: Physical dependence and GABAA receptor · See more »
GABAB receptor
GABAB receptors (GABABR) are metabotropic transmembrane receptors for gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) that are linked via G-proteins to potassium channels.
New!!: Physical dependence and GABAB receptor · See more »
Gabapentin
Gabapentin, sold under the brand name Neurontin among others, is a medication which is used to treat epilepsy (specifically partial seizures), neuropathic pain, hot flashes, and restless legs syndrome.
New!!: Physical dependence and Gabapentin · See more »
Gamma-Aminobutyric acid
gamma-Aminobutyric acid, or γ-aminobutyric acid, or GABA, is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system.
New!!: Physical dependence and Gamma-Aminobutyric acid · See more »
Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid
γ-Hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), also known as 4-hydroxybutanoic acid, is a naturally occurring neurotransmitter and a psychoactive drug.
New!!: Physical dependence and Gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid · See more »
Genes, Brain and Behavior
Genes, Brain and Behavior (also known as G2B) is a peer-reviewed online-only scientific journal covering research in the fields of behavioral, neural, and psychiatric genetics.
New!!: Physical dependence and Genes, Brain and Behavior · See more »
Glucocorticoid
Glucocorticoids are a class of corticosteroids, which are a class of steroid hormones.
New!!: Physical dependence and Glucocorticoid · See more »
Glutethimide
Glutethimide is a hypnotic sedative that was introduced by Ciba in 1954 as a safe alternative to barbiturates to treat insomnia.
New!!: Physical dependence and Glutethimide · See more »
Hallucination
A hallucination is a perception in the absence of external stimulus that has qualities of real perception.
New!!: Physical dependence and Hallucination · See more »
Haloperidol
Haloperidol, marketed under the trade name Haldol among others, is a typical antipsychotic medication.
New!!: Physical dependence and Haloperidol · See more »
Heroin
Heroin, also known as diamorphine among other names, is an opioid most commonly used as a recreational drug for its euphoric effects.
New!!: Physical dependence and Heroin · See more »
Inverse agonist
In the field of pharmacology, an inverse agonist is an agent that binds to the same receptor as an agonist but induces a pharmacological response opposite to that agonist.
New!!: Physical dependence and Inverse agonist · See more »
Κ-opioid receptor
The κ-opioid receptor (KOR) is a G protein-coupled receptor that in humans is encoded by the OPRK1 gene.
New!!: Physical dependence and Κ-opioid receptor · See more »
Μ-opioid receptor
The μ-opioid receptors (MOR) are a class of opioid receptors with a high affinity for enkephalins and beta-endorphin, but a low affinity for dynorphins.
New!!: Physical dependence and Μ-opioid receptor · See more »
Lamotrigine
Lamotrigine, sold as the brand name Lamictal among others, is an anticonvulsant medication used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder.
New!!: Physical dependence and Lamotrigine · See more »
Ligand-gated ion channel
Ligand-gated ion channels (LICs, LGIC), also commonly referred as ionotropic receptors, are a group of transmembrane ion-channel proteins which open to allow ions such as Na+, K+, Ca2+, and/or Cl− to pass through the membrane in response to the binding of a chemical messenger (i.e. a ligand), such as a neurotransmitter.
New!!: Physical dependence and Ligand-gated ion channel · See more »
Loperamide
Loperamide, sold under the brand name Imodium among others, is a medication used to decrease the frequency of diarrhea.
New!!: Physical dependence and Loperamide · See more »
Lorazepam
Lorazepam, sold under the brand name Ativan among others, is a benzodiazepine medication.
New!!: Physical dependence and Lorazepam · See more »
Meprobamate
Meprobamate — marketed as Miltown by Wallace Laboratories and Equanil by Wyeth, among others — is a carbamate derivative used as an anxiolytic drug.
New!!: Physical dependence and Meprobamate · See more »
Metabotropic receptor
A metabotropic receptor is a type of membrane receptor of eukaryotic cells that acts through a second messenger.
New!!: Physical dependence and Metabotropic receptor · See more »
Methadone
Methadone, sold under the brand name Dolophine among others, is an opioid used to treat pain and as maintenance therapy or to help with tapering in people with opioid dependence.
New!!: Physical dependence and Methadone · See more »
Methaqualone
Methaqualone, sold under the brand name Quaalude (pronounced) and sometimes stylized "Quāālude" in the United States and Mandrax in the United Kingdom and South Africa, is a sedative and hypnotic medication.
New!!: Physical dependence and Methaqualone · See more »
Morphine
Morphine is a pain medication of the opiate variety which is found naturally in a number of plants and animals.
New!!: Physical dependence and Morphine · See more »
Nalbuphine
Nalbuphine, sold under the brand names Nubain and Nalpain among others, is a opioid analgesic which is used in the treatment of pain.
New!!: Physical dependence and Nalbuphine · See more »
Naltrexone
Naltrexone, sold under the brand names ReVia and Vivitrol among others, is a medication primarily used to manage alcohol or opioid dependence.
New!!: Physical dependence and Naltrexone · See more »
Nicotine
Nicotine is a potent parasympathomimetic stimulant and an alkaloid found in the nightshade family of plants.
New!!: Physical dependence and Nicotine · See more »
Nicotine withdrawal
Nicotine withdrawal is a group of symptoms that occur in the first few weeks upon the abrupt discontinuation or decrease in intake of nicotine.
New!!: Physical dependence and Nicotine withdrawal · See more »
Nonbenzodiazepine
Nonbenzodiazepines (sometimes referred to colloquially as "Z-drugs") are a class of psychoactive drugs that are very benzodiazepine-like in nature.
New!!: Physical dependence and Nonbenzodiazepine · See more »
Olanzapine
Olanzapine (originally branded Zyprexa) is an antipsychotic medication used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.
New!!: Physical dependence and Olanzapine · See more »
Ondansetron
Ondansetron, marketed under the brand name Zofran, is a medication used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or surgery.
New!!: Physical dependence and Ondansetron · See more »
Opioid
Opioids are substances that act on opioid receptors to produce morphine-like effects.
New!!: Physical dependence and Opioid · See more »
Opioid antagonist
An opioid antagonist, or opioid receptor antagonist, is a receptor antagonist that acts on one or more of the opioid receptors.
New!!: Physical dependence and Opioid antagonist · See more »
Oxcarbazepine
Oxcarbazepine is an anticonvulsant drug primarily used in the treatment of epilepsy. There is some evidence for oxcarbazepine as a mood-stabilizing agent and thus, it can be used as add-on therapy for bipolar disorder in patients that have failed or are unable to tolerate approved treatments. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, double vision and trouble with walking. Although not common, anaphylaxis may occur. Due to its structural similarities to carbamazepine there is approximately a 25–30% chance of cross-reactivity between the two medications. Oxcarbazepine is marketed as Trileptal by Novartis and available in some countries as a generic drug. There is also an extended-release formulation marketed as Oxtellar XR by Supernus Pharmaceuticals.
New!!: Physical dependence and Oxcarbazepine · See more »
Oxycodone
Oxycodone, sold under brand names such as Percocet and OxyContin among many others, is an opioid medication which is used for the relief of moderate to severe pain.
New!!: Physical dependence and Oxycodone · See more »
Phenibut
Phenibut, sold under the brand names Anvifen, Fenibut, and Noofen among others, is a central nervous system depressant with anxiolytic and sedative effects which is used in the treatment of anxiety, insomnia, and for a variety of other indications.
New!!: Physical dependence and Phenibut · See more »
Phenobarbital
Phenobarbital, also known as phenobarbitone or phenobarb, is a medication recommended by the World Health Organization for the treatment of certain types of epilepsy in developing countries.
New!!: Physical dependence and Phenobarbital · See more »
Post-acute-withdrawal syndrome
Post-acute-withdrawal syndrome (PAWS) describe a set of persistent impairments that occur after withdrawal from alcohol, opiates, benzodiazepines, antidepressants and other substances.
New!!: Physical dependence and Post-acute-withdrawal syndrome · See more »
Pregabalin
Pregabalin, marketed under the brand name Lyrica among others, is a medication used to treat epilepsy, neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, and generalized anxiety disorder.
New!!: Physical dependence and Pregabalin · See more »
Propranolol
Propranolol, sold under the brand name Inderal among others, is a medication of the beta blocker type. It is used to treat high blood pressure, a number of types of irregular heart rate, thyrotoxicosis, capillary hemangiomas, performance anxiety, and essential tremors. It is used to prevent migraine headaches, and to prevent further heart problems in those with angina or previous heart attacks. It can be taken by mouth or by injection into a vein. The formulation that is taken by mouth comes in short-acting and long-acting versions. Propranolol appears in the blood after 30 minutes and has a maximum effect between 60 and 90 minutes when taken by mouth. Common side effects include nausea, abdominal pain, and constipation. It should not be used in those with an already slow heart rate and most of those with heart failure. Quickly stopping the medication in those with coronary artery disease may worsen symptoms. It may worsen the symptoms of asthma. Caution is recommended in those with liver or kidney problems. Propranolol may cause harmful effects in the baby if taken during pregnancy. Its use during breastfeeding is probably safe, but the baby should be monitored for side effects. It is a non-selective beta blocker which works by blocking β-adrenergic receptors. Propranolol was discovered in 1964. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. Propranolol is available as a generic medication. The wholesale cost in the developing world is between 0.24 and 2.16 per month as of 2014. In the United States it costs about $15 per month at a typical dose.
New!!: Physical dependence and Propranolol · See more »
Psychological dependence
Psychological dependence is a form of dependence that involves emotional–motivational withdrawal symptoms (e.g., a state of unease or dissatisfaction, a reduced capacity to experience pleasure, or anxiety) upon cessation of drug use or exposure to a stimulus.
New!!: Physical dependence and Psychological dependence · See more »
Rebound effect
The rebound effect, or rebound phenomenon, is the emergence or re-emergence of symptoms that were either absent or controlled while taking a medication, but appear when that same medication is discontinued, or reduced in dosage.
New!!: Physical dependence and Rebound effect · See more »
Relapse
In medicine, relapse or recidivism is a recurrence of a past (typically medical) condition.
New!!: Physical dependence and Relapse · See more »
Risperidone
Risperidone, sold under the trade name Risperdal among others, is an antipsychotic medication.
New!!: Physical dependence and Risperidone · See more »
Salvinorin A
Salvinorin A is the main active psychotropic molecule in Salvia divinorum, a Mexican plant which has a long history of use as an entheogen by indigenous Mazatec shamans.
New!!: Physical dependence and Salvinorin A · See more »
Secobarbital
Secobarbital sodium (marketed by Eli Lilly and Company, and subsequently by other companies as described below, under the brand name Seconal) is a barbiturate derivative drug that was patented in 1934 in the United States.
New!!: Physical dependence and Secobarbital · See more »
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a class of drugs that are typically used as antidepressants in the treatment of major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders.
New!!: Physical dependence and Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor · See more »
Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor
Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are a class of antidepressant drugs that treat major depressive disorder (MDD) and can also treat anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), chronic neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS), and menopausal symptoms.
New!!: Physical dependence and Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor · See more »
Sodium thiopental
Sodium thiopental, also known as Sodium Pentothal (a trademark of Abbott Laboratories, not to be confused with pentobarbital), thiopental, thiopentone, or Trapanal (also a trademark), is a rapid-onset short-acting barbiturate general anesthetic that is an analogue of thiobarbital.
New!!: Physical dependence and Sodium thiopental · See more »
Steroid
A steroid is a biologically active organic compound with four rings arranged in a specific molecular configuration.
New!!: Physical dependence and Steroid · See more »
Substance abuse
Substance abuse, also known as drug abuse, is a patterned use of a drug in which the user consumes the substance in amounts or with methods which are harmful to themselves or others, and is a form of substance-related disorder.
New!!: Physical dependence and Substance abuse · See more »
Substance dependence
Substance dependence also known as drug dependence is an adaptive state that develops from repeated drug administration, and which results in withdrawal upon cessation of drug use.
New!!: Physical dependence and Substance dependence · See more »
Thioridazine
Thioridazine (Mellaril or Melleril) is a piperidine typical antipsychotic drug belonging to the phenothiazine drug group and was previously widely used in the treatment of schizophrenia and psychosis.
New!!: Physical dependence and Thioridazine · See more »
Tiagabine
Tiagabine (trade name Gabitril) is an anticonvulsant medication used in the treatment of epilepsy that is produced by Cephalon.
New!!: Physical dependence and Tiagabine · See more »
Tobacco
Tobacco is a product prepared from the leaves of the tobacco plant by curing them.
New!!: Physical dependence and Tobacco · See more »
Topiramate
Topiramate (brand name Topamax) is an anticonvulsant (antiepilepsy) drug.
New!!: Physical dependence and Topiramate · See more »
Tybamate
Tybamate (INN; Solacen, Tybatran, Effisax) is an anxiolytic of the carbamate family.
New!!: Physical dependence and Tybamate · See more »
Valproate
Valproate (VPA), and its valproic acid, sodium valproate, and valproate semisodium forms, are medications primarily used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder and to prevent migraine headaches.
New!!: Physical dependence and Valproate · See more »
Venlafaxine
Venlafaxine, sold under the brand name Effexor among others, is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) class.
New!!: Physical dependence and Venlafaxine · See more »
Vigabatrin
Vigabatrin, brand name Sabril, is an antiepileptic drug that inhibits the breakdown of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by acting as a suicide inhibitor of the enzyme GABA transaminase (GABA-T).
New!!: Physical dependence and Vigabatrin · See more »
Withdrawal syndrome
A withdrawal syndrome (also called a discontinuation syndrome) is a set of symptoms occurring in discontinuation or dosage reduction of some types of medications and recreational drugs.
New!!: Physical dependence and Withdrawal syndrome · See more »
Z-drug
Z-drugs are a group of nonbenzodiazepine drugs with effects similar to benzodiazepines, which are used in the treatment of trouble sleeping, and most of whose names start with the letter "Z".
New!!: Physical dependence and Z-drug · See more »
Zolpidem
Zolpidem, sold under the brand name Ambien, among others, is a sedative primarily used for the treatment of trouble sleeping.
New!!: Physical dependence and Zolpidem · See more »
Zopiclone
--> Zopiclone (brand names Imovane, Zimovane, Dopareel) is a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic agent used in the treatment of insomnia.
New!!: Physical dependence and Zopiclone · See more »
1,4-Butanediol
1,4-Butanediol, colloquially known as BD, is the organic compound with the formula HOCH2CH2CH2CH2OH.
New!!: Physical dependence and 1,4-Butanediol · See more »
Redirects here:
Chemical dependecy, Chemical dependence, Drug dependency, Neuroadaption, Physical addiction, Physical dependant, Physical dependants, Physical dependency, Physically dependent, Physiological dependence.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_dependence
