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Ashoka

Index Ashoka

Ashoka (died 232 BCE), or Ashoka the Great, was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty, who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from to 232 BCE. [1]

222 relations: Aśoka (film), ABP News, Achaemenid Empire, Afghanistan, Aham Sharma, Alexander Cunningham, Alexander II of Epirus, Alpha privative, Amar Chitra Katha, Amitabh Bachchan, Andhra Pradesh, Angkor, Antigonus II Gonatas, Antiochus II Theos, Anupam Kher, Appian, Archaeological Survey of India, Archaeology, Arched-hill symbol, Arjun Rampal, Arthashastra, Arthur Llewellyn Basham, Asandhimitra, Ashok Banker, Ashok Kumar, Ashoka Chakra, Ashoka's Hell, Ashoka's Major Rock Edicts, Ashoka's policy of Dhamma, Ashokavadana, Assam, Atthakatha, Avadana, Ājīvika, Balochistan, Bamboo, Bangalore, Bangladesh, Barabar Caves, Bengal, Bharatvarsh (TV series), Bharhut, Bhavishya Purana, Bhir Mound, Bihar, Bindusara, Brahmi script, Brihadratha Maurya, Buddhism, Buddhism in Thailand, ..., Butkara Stupa, Caduceus, Central Asia, Chaitya, Chakra, Chakravarti (Sanskrit term), Chakravartin Ashoka Samrat, Chanakya, Chandragupta Maurya, Chandraprakash Dwivedi, Charumati, Chaturmas, Chera dynasty, Chittor V. Nagaiah, Chola dynasty, Constituent assembly, Coronation, Damals, Dasharatha Maurya, Delhi, Denarius, Deur Kothar, Devi (wife of Ashoka), Dhamek Stupa, Dharma, Dharmachakra, Dharmarajika Stupa, Dharmaraksita, Dietmar Rothermund, Dionysius (ambassador), Dipavamsa, Divyavadana, Edicts of Ashoka, Faxian, Flag of India, Gautama Buddha, Girnar, Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, Gujarat, H. G. Wells, Hachette (publisher), Harappa, Harvard University Press, Hegesias of Cyrene, Hellenistic period, Hermann Kulke, Historical Vedic religion, India, Indian subcontinent, Indo-Greek Kingdom, Indology, International Standard Book Number, Jainism, Jaishankar Prasad, James Prinsep, John Marshall (archaeologist), Junagadh, Kalinga (historical region), Kalinga War, Karnataka, Karuvaki, Kerala, Kharosthi, Kumhrar, Kunala, Laity, Lion Capital of Ashoka, List of Indian monarchs, Living in the Moment (Mason Jennings EP), Madhya Pradesh, Magadha, Magas of Cyrene, Mahabodhi Temple, Mahavamsa, Mahavira, Mahinda (Buddhist monk), Malwa, Mason Jennings, Matha, Maurya Empire, Moggaliputta-Tissa, Mohenjo-daro, Mortimer Wheeler, Motilal Banarsidass, Mudra, Nalanda, Nanda Empire, Nawabshah, Nāga, Neutering, New Delhi, Odisha, Oxford University Press, Padmavati (wife of Ashoka), Pakistan, Pali, Pamir Mountains, Pandyan dynasty, Parinirvana, Pataliputra, Patna, Pearson Education, Piers Anthony, Pillars of Ashoka, Prakrit, Ptolemy II Philadelphus, Punch-marked coins, Pundravardhana, Puranas, Pushyamitra Shunga, Rajatarangini, Rajdharma, Ramagrama stupa, Ratan Thiyam, Rudradaman I, Sachchidananda Vatsyayan, Samprati, Sanchi, Sangam period, Sangha, Sanghamitta, Sangharama, Sannati, Sanskrit, Santosh Sivan, Saraca asoca, Sarnath, Sarnath Museum, Seleucus I Nicator, Shah Rukh Khan, Shunga Empire, Skandagupta, Space opera, Spinning wheel, Sri Lanka, State Emblem of India, Stupa, Subhadrangi, Susima, Suvarnabhumi, Swastika, Swat District, Tamil language, Tamil Nadu, Tamils, Tamraparni, Taranatha, Taxila, Thatching, The Emperor's Riddles, The Mahabharata Secret, The Outline of History, The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka), The Telegraph (Calcutta), The Times of India, Third Buddhist council, Tishyaraksha, Tivala, Torture chamber, Triskelion, Ujjain, University of Chicago Press, University of Delhi, Upāsaka and Upāsikā, Uposatha, Uttar Pradesh, Viacom 18, Vidisha, Vihara, Vitashoka, Weligama Sri Sumangala, Yona. Expand index (172 more) »

Aśoka (film)

Aśoka is a 2001 Indian epic historical drama film directed and co-written by Santosh Sivan.

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ABP News

ABP News is an Indian Hindi news channel owned by ABP Group.

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Achaemenid Empire

The Achaemenid Empire, also called the First Persian Empire, was an empire based in Western Asia, founded by Cyrus the Great.

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Afghanistan

Afghanistan (Pashto/Dari:, Pashto: Afġānistān, Dari: Afġānestān), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia.

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Aham Sharma

Aham Sharma is an engineer turned actor from Barh, Bihar, India.

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Alexander Cunningham

Sir Alexander Cunningham (23 January 1814 – 28 November 1893) was a British army engineer with the Bengal Engineer Group who later took an interest in the history and archaeology of India.

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Alexander II of Epirus

Alexander II was a king of Epirus, and the son of Pyrrhus and Lanassa, the daughter of the Sicilian tyrant Agathocles.

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Alpha privative

An alpha privative or, rarely, privative a (from Latin alpha prīvātīvum, from Ancient Greek α στερητικόν) is the prefix a- or an- (before vowels) that is used in Greek and in words borrowed from Greek to express negation or absence, for example the English words atypical, anesthetic, and analgesic.

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Amar Chitra Katha

Amar Chitra Katha (ACK, "Immortal Captivating (or Picture) Stories") is one of India's largest selling comic book series, with more than 100 million copies sold in 20 Indian languages.

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Amitabh Bachchan

Amitabh Bachchan (born 11 October 1942) is an Indian film actor, producer, television host, and former politician.

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Andhra Pradesh

Andhra Pradesh is one of the 29 states of India.

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Angkor

Angkor (អង្គរ, "Capital City")Headly, Robert K.; Chhor, Kylin; Lim, Lam Kheng; Kheang, Lim Hak; Chun, Chen.

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Antigonus II Gonatas

Antigonus II Gonatas (Ἀντίγονος B΄ Γονατᾶς) (c. 319–239 BC) was a powerful ruler who solidified the position of the Antigonid dynasty in Macedon after a long period defined by anarchy and chaos and acquired fame for his victory over the Gauls who had invaded the Balkans.

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Antiochus II Theos

Antiochus II Theos (Greek: Ἀντίοχος Β΄ ὁ Θεός; 286–246 BC) was a Greek king of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire who reigned from 261 to 246 BC.

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Anupam Kher

Anupam Kher (born 7 March 1955) is an Indian actor and the current Chairman of Film and Television Institute of India.

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Appian

Appian of Alexandria (Ἀππιανὸς Ἀλεξανδρεύς Appianòs Alexandreús; Appianus Alexandrinus) was a Greek historian with Roman citizenship who flourished during the reigns of Emperors of Rome Trajan, Hadrian, and Antoninus Pius.

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Archaeological Survey of India

The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) is a Government of India (Ministry of Culture) organisation responsible for archaeological research and the conservation and preservation of cultural monuments in the country.

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Archaeology

Archaeology, or archeology, is the study of humanactivity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.

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Arched-hill symbol

The Arched-hill symbol is a fairly current symbol on ancient Coinage of India.

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Arjun Rampal

Arjun Rampal (born 26 November 1972) is an Indian film actor, producer, screenwriter, model, entrepreneur and a television personality.

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Arthashastra

The Arthashastra is an ancient Indian treatise on statecraft, economic policy and military strategy, written in Sanskrit.

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Arthur Llewellyn Basham

Arthur Llewellyn Basham (24 May 1914 – 27 January 1986) was a noted historian and Indologist and author of a number of books.

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Asandhimitra

Asandhimitra (d. 240 BCE) also known as Asandhimittā, was the Chief Queen (Agramahisi) of the Mauryan emperor Ashoka, for the majority of his reign.

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Ashok Banker

Ashok Kumar Banker (born 7 February 1964 in Mumbai, India) is an author and screenwriter.

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Ashok Kumar

Ashok Kumar (13 October 1911 – 10 December 2001), born Kumudlal Ganguly, and also fondly called Dadamoni, was an Indian film actor who attained iconic status in Indian cinema.

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Ashoka Chakra

The Ashoka Chakra is a depiction of the dharmachakra; represented with 24 spokes.

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Ashoka's Hell

Ashoka's Hell was, according to legend, an elaborate torture chamber disguised as a beautiful palace full of amenities such as exclusive baths and decorated with flowers, fruit trees and ornaments.

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Ashoka's Major Rock Edicts

Ashoka's Major Rock Edicts refer to 14 separate major Edicts of Ashoka which are significantly detailed and represent the earliest dated rock inscriptions of any Indian monarch.

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Ashoka's policy of Dhamma

Dhamma is a set of edicts that formed a policy of the Mauryan emperor Ashoka Maurya (Devanāgarī: अशोक, IAST), who succeeded to the Mauryan throne in modern-day India around 269 B.C. Many historians consider him one of the greatest kings of ancient India for his policies of public welfare.

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Ashokavadana

The Ashokavadana (अशोकावदान;; "Narrative of Ashoka") is an Indian Sanskrit-language text that describes the birth and reign of the Maurya Emperor Ashoka.

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Assam

Assam is a state in Northeast India, situated south of the eastern Himalayas along the Brahmaputra and Barak River valleys.

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Atthakatha

Aṭṭhakathā (Pali for explanation, commentary) refers to Pali-language Theravadin Buddhist commentaries to the canonical Theravadin Tipitaka.

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Avadana

Avadāna (Sanskrit; Pali cognate: Apadāna) is the name given to a type of Buddhist literature correlating past lives' virtuous deeds to subsequent lives' events.

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Ājīvika

Ajivika (IAST) is one of the nāstika or "heterodox" schools of Indian philosophy.

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Balochistan

Balōchistān (بلوچستان; also Balūchistān or Balūchestān, often interpreted as the Land of the Baloch) is an arid desert and mountainous region in south-western Asia.

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Bamboo

The bamboos are evergreen perennial flowering plants in the subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae.

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Bangalore

Bangalore, officially known as Bengaluru, is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka.

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Bangladesh

Bangladesh (বাংলাদেশ, lit. "The country of Bengal"), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh (গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ), is a country in South Asia.

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Barabar Caves

The Barabar Hill Caves are the oldest surviving rock-cut caves in India, mostly dating from the Maurya Empire (322–185 BCE), some with Ashokan inscriptions, located in the Makhdumpur region of Jehanabad district, Bihar, India, north of Gaya.

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Bengal

Bengal (Bānglā/Bôngô /) is a geopolitical, cultural and historical region in Asia, which is located in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal.

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Bharatvarsh (TV series)

Bharatvarsh (भारतवर्ष: महानायकों की गौरव गाथा) is an Indian television historical documentary series, hosted by actor-director Anupam Kher on Hindi news channel ABP News.

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Bharhut

Bharhut (Hindi: भरहुत) is a village located in the Satna district of Madhya Pradesh, central India.

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Bhavishya Purana

The Bhavishya Purana is one of the eighteen major works in the Purana genre of Hinduism, written in Sanskrit.

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Bhir Mound

The Bhir Mound (بھڑ ماونڈ) is an archaeological site near Taxila in the Punjab province of Pakistan.

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Bihar

Bihar is an Indian state considered to be a part of Eastern as well as Northern India.

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Bindusara

Bindusara was the second Mauryan emperor of India.

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Brahmi script

Brahmi (IAST) is the modern name given to one of the oldest writing systems used in Ancient India and present South and Central Asia from the 1st millennium BCE.

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Brihadratha Maurya

Brihadratha Maurya was the last ruler of the Maurya Empire.

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Buddhism

Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion with over 520 million followers, or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.

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Buddhism in Thailand

Buddhism in Thailand is largely of the Theravada school, which is followed by 94.6 percent of the population.

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Butkara Stupa

The Butkara Stupa (بوتکاراستوپ) is an important Buddhist stupa near Mingora, in the area of Swat, Pakistan.

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Caduceus

The caduceus (☤;; Latin cādūceus, from Greek κηρύκειον kērū́keion "herald's wand, or staff") is the staff carried by Hermes in Greek mythology and consequently by Hermes Trismegistus in Greco-Egyptian mythology.

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Central Asia

Central Asia stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to China in the east and from Afghanistan in the south to Russia in the north.

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Chaitya

A chaitya, chaitya hall, chaitya-griha, or caitya refers to a shrine, sanctuary, temple or prayer hall in Indian religions.

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Chakra

Chakras (Sanskrit: चक्र, IAST: cakra, Pali: cakka, lit. wheel, circle) are the various focal points in the subtle body used in a variety of ancient meditation practices, collectively denominated as Tantra, or the esoteric or inner traditions of Indian religion, Chinese Taoism, Tibetan Buddhism, as well as Japanese Esoteric Buddhism, and in postmodernity, in new age medicine, and originally psychologically adopted to the western mind through the assistance of Carl G. Jung.

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Chakravarti (Sanskrit term)

Chakravarti (Sanskrit cakravartin, Pali cakkavattin), is a Sanskrit term used to refer to an ideal universal ruler who rules ethically and benevolently over the entire world.

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Chakravartin Ashoka Samrat

Chakravartin Ashoka Samrat (English: The Great Emperor Ashok) is a 2015 Indian historical drama serial, that aired on Colors TV from 2015 to 2016.

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Chanakya

Chanakya (IAST:,; fl. c. 4th century BCE) was an Indian teacher, philosopher, economist, jurist and royal advisor.

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Chandragupta Maurya

Chandragupta Maurya (reign: 321–297 BCE) was the founder of the Maurya Empire in ancient India.

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Chandraprakash Dwivedi

Chandraprakash Dwivedi is an Indian film director and script writer, who is best known for directing the 1991 television epic Chanakya in which he also played the title role of the political strategist Chanakya and an inspiration for millions.

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Charumati

Charumati was a daughter of Indian emperor Ashoka through a concubine and the adopted daughter of his wife, Empress Asandhimitra.

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Chaturmas

Chaturmas (चातुर्मास, Cāturmāsa) is a holy period of four months (July to October), beginning on Shayani Ekadashi—the eleventh day of the bright half, Shukla paksha, of Ashadh (fourth month of the Hindu lunar calendar)—until Prabodhini Ekadashi, the eleventh day of the bright half of Kartik (eighth month of the Hindu lunar calendar) in Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism.

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Chera dynasty

The Cheras were the ruling dynasty of the present-day state of Kerala and to a lesser extent, parts of Tamil Nadu in South India.

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Chittor V. Nagaiah

Chittoor V. Nagaiah (born Vuppaladadiyam Nagaiah) was a multilingual Indian film actor, thespian, composer, director, producer, writer and playback singer from Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India.

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Chola dynasty

The Chola dynasty was one of the longest-ruling dynasties in the history of southern India.

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Constituent assembly

A constituent assembly or constitutional assembly is a body or assembly of popularly elected representatives composed for the purpose of drafting or adopting a document called the constitution.

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Coronation

A coronation is the act of placement or bestowal of a crown upon a monarch's head.

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Damals

Damals is a German monthly popular scientific history magazine.

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Dasharatha Maurya

Dasharatha was a Mauryan emperor from 232 to 224 BCE.

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Delhi

Delhi (Dilli), officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT), is a city and a union territory of India.

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Denarius

The denarius (dēnāriī) was the standard Roman silver coin from its introduction in the Second Punic War c. 211 BC to the reign of Gordian III (AD 238-244), when it was gradually replaced by the Antoninianus.

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Deur Kothar

Deorkothar (Devanāgarī: देउर कोठार, also Deur Kothar) is a location of archaeological importance in Madhya Pradesh, Central India.

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Devi (wife of Ashoka)

Devi (full name: Vedisa-Mahadevi Sakyakumari) was, according to the Ceylonese chronicles, the first wife of the third Mauryan emperor Ashoka.

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Dhamek Stupa

Dhamek Stupa (also spelled Dhamekh and Dhamekha, traced to Sanskrit version Dharmarajika Stupa, which can be translated as the Stupa of the reign of Dharma) is a massive stupa located at Sarnath, 13 km away from Varanasi in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Dharma

Dharma (dharma,; dhamma, translit. dhamma) is a key concept with multiple meanings in the Indian religions – Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism.

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Dharmachakra

The dharmachakra (which is also known as the wheel of dharma), is one of the Ashtamangala of Indian religions such as Jainism, Buddhism, and Hinduism.

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Dharmarajika Stupa

The Dharmarajika Stupa (دھرمراجیکہ اسٹوپ), also referred to as the Great Stupa of Taxila, is a Buddhist stupa near Taxila, Pakistan.

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Dharmaraksita

Dharmarakṣita (Sanskrit "Protected by the Dharma", Pali Dhammarakkhita), was one of the missionaries sent by the Mauryan emperor Ashoka to proselytize Buddhism.

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Dietmar Rothermund

Dietmar Rothermund is a German historian best known for his research in the economy of India.

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Dionysius (ambassador)

Dionysius (Διονύσιος) was a Greek of the 3rd century BCE, who was sent as ambassador to the court of the Indian emperor Ashoka, by Ptolemy Philadelphus.

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Dipavamsa

The Dipavamsa or Deepavamsa (i.e., "Chronicle of the Island"; in Pali: Dīpavaṃsa), is the oldest historical record of Sri Lanka.

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Divyavadana

The Divyāvadāna or "Divine narratives" is a Sanskrit anthology of Buddhist tales, many originating in Mūlasarvāstivādin vinaya texts.

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Edicts of Ashoka

The Edicts of Ashoka are a collection of 33 inscriptions on the Pillars of Ashoka as well as boulders and cave walls made by the Emperor Ashoka of the Mauryan Empire during his reign from 269 BCE to 232 BCE.

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Faxian

Faxian (337 – c. 422) was a Chinese Buddhist monk who travelled by foot from China to India, visiting many sacred Buddhist sites in what are now Xinjiang, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka between 399-412 to acquire Buddhist texts.

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Flag of India

The National Flag of India is a horizontal rectangular tricolour of India saffron, white and India green; with the Ashoka Chakra, a 24-spoke wheel, in navy blue at its centre.

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Gautama Buddha

Gautama Buddha (c. 563/480 – c. 483/400 BCE), also known as Siddhārtha Gautama, Shakyamuni Buddha, or simply the Buddha, after the title of Buddha, was an ascetic (śramaṇa) and sage, on whose teachings Buddhism was founded.

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Girnar

Girnar, also known as Girinagar ('city-on-the-hill') or Revatak Parvata, is a group of mountains in the Junagadh District of Gujarat, India, situated near Junagadh.

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Greco-Bactrian Kingdom

The Greco-Bactrian Kingdom was – along with the Indo-Greek Kingdom – the easternmost part of the Hellenistic world, covering Bactria and Sogdiana in Central Asia from 250 to 125 BC.

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Gujarat

Gujarat is a state in Western India and Northwest India with an area of, a coastline of – most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula – and a population in excess of 60 million.

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H. G. Wells

Herbert George Wells.

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Hachette (publisher)

Hachette is a French publisher.

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Harappa

Harappa (Urdu/ہڑپّہ) is an archaeological site in Punjab, Pakistan, about west of Sahiwal.

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Harvard University Press

Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing.

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Hegesias of Cyrene

Hegesias (Ἡγησίας; fl. 290 BC) of Cyrene was a Cyrenaic philosopher, the Cyrenaics forming one of the earliest Socratic schools of philosophy.

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Hellenistic period

The Hellenistic period covers the period of Mediterranean history between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the subsequent conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year.

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Hermann Kulke

Hermann Kulke (born 1938 in Berlin) is a German historian and Indologist, who was professor of South and Southeast Asian history at the Department of History, Kiel University (1988–2003).

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Historical Vedic religion

The historical Vedic religion (also known as Vedism, Brahmanism, Vedic Brahmanism, and ancient Hinduism) was the religion of the Indo-Aryans of northern India during the Vedic period.

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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Indian subcontinent

The Indian subcontinent is a southern region and peninsula of Asia, mostly situated on the Indian Plate and projecting southwards into the Indian Ocean from the Himalayas.

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Indo-Greek Kingdom

The Indo-Greek Kingdom or Graeco-Indian Kingdom was an Hellenistic kingdom covering various parts of Afghanistan and the northwest regions of the Indian subcontinent (parts of modern Pakistan and northwestern India), during the last two centuries BC and was ruled by more than thirty kings, often conflicting with one another.

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Indology

Indology or South Asian studies is the academic study of the history and cultures, languages, and literature of India and as such is a subset of Asian studies.

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International Standard Book Number

The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a unique numeric commercial book identifier.

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Jainism

Jainism, traditionally known as Jain Dharma, is an ancient Indian religion.

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Jaishankar Prasad

Jaishankar Prasad (30 January 1890 15 November 1937) was a famed figure in modern Hindi literature as well as Hindi theatre.

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James Prinsep

James Prinsep (20 August 1799 – 22 April 1840) was an English scholar, orientalist and antiquary.

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John Marshall (archaeologist)

Sir John Hubert Marshall, CIE, FBA (19 March 1876, Chester, England – 17 August 1958, Guildford, England) was the Director-General of the Archaeological Survey of India from 1902 to 1928.

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Junagadh

Junagadh is the headquarters of Junagadh district in the Indian state of Gujarat.

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Kalinga (historical region)

Kalinga is a historical region of India.

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Kalinga War

The Kalinga War was fought in what is now India between the Maurya Empire under Ashoka and the state of Kalinga, an independent feudal kingdom located on the east coast, in the present-day state of Odisha and north of Andhra Pradesh.

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Karnataka

Karnataka also known Kannada Nadu is a state in the south western region of India.

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Karuvaki

Karuvaki (or Charuvaki) was the second queen of the third Mauryan emperor, Ashoka.

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Kerala

Kerala is a state in South India on the Malabar Coast.

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Kharosthi

The Kharosthi script, also spelled Kharoshthi or Kharoṣṭhī, is an ancient script used in ancient Gandhara and ancient India (primarily modern-day Afghanistan and Pakistan) to write the Gandhari Prakrit and Sanskrit.

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Kumhrar

Kumhrar or Kumrahar is the name of an area of Patna, where remains of the ancient city of Pataliputra were excavated.

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Kunala

th:เจ้าชายกุนาละ Kunala (IAST) (263 BC - ?) was a son of Emperor Ashoka and Queen Padmavati and the presumptive heir to Ashoka, thus the heir to the Mauryan Empire which once ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent.

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Laity

A layperson (also layman or laywoman) is a person who is not qualified in a given profession and/or does not have specific knowledge of a certain subject.

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Lion Capital of Ashoka

The Lion Capital of Ashoka is a sculpture of four Asiatic lions standing back to back, on an elaborate base that includes other animals.

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List of Indian monarchs

The following list of Indian monarchs is one of several lists of incumbents.

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Living in the Moment (Mason Jennings EP)

Living in the Moment EP is the title of Mason Jennings's EP, released 2002 (see 2002 in music).

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Madhya Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh (MP;; meaning Central Province) is a state in central India.

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Magadha

Magadha was an ancient Indian kingdom in southern Bihar, and was counted as one of the sixteen Mahajanapadas (Sanskrit: "Great Countries") of ancient India.

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Magas of Cyrene

Magas of Cyrene (Μάγας ὁ Κυρηναῖος; born before 317 BC – 250 BC, ruled 276 BC – 250 BC) was a Greek Macedonian nobleman and King of Cyrenaica.

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Mahabodhi Temple

The Mahabodhi Temple (literally: "Great Awakening Temple"), a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is an ancient, but much rebuilt and restored, Buddhist temple in Bodh Gaya, marking the location where the Buddha is said to have attained enlightenment.

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Mahavamsa

The Mahavamsa ("Great Chronicle", Pali Mahāvaṃsa) (5th century CE) is an epic poem written in the Pali language.

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Mahavira

Mahavira (IAST), also known as Vardhamāna, was the twenty-fourth Tirthankara (ford-maker) of Jainism which was revived and re-established by him.

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Mahinda (Buddhist monk)

Mahinda (Sanskrit Mahendra; born third century BCE in Ujjain, modern Madhya Pradesh, India) was a Buddhist monk depicted in Buddhist sources as bringing Buddhism to Sri Lanka.

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Malwa

Malwa is a historical region of west-central India occupying a plateau of volcanic origin.

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Mason Jennings

Mason Jennings (born March 19, 1975 in Honolulu, Hawaii) is an American folk-pop singer-songwriter.

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Matha

A matha (मठ, IAST) or mutt is a Sanskrit word that means "cloister, institute or college", and it also refers to a monastery in Hinduism.

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Maurya Empire

The Maurya Empire was a geographically-extensive Iron Age historical power founded by Chandragupta Maurya which dominated ancient India between 322 BCE and 180 BCE.

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Moggaliputta-Tissa

Moggaliputta-Tissa (ca. 327 BC – 247 BC), (born in Pataliputra, Magadha (now Patna, India) was a Buddhist monk and scholar who lived in the 3rd century BC. David Kalupahana sees him as a predecessor of Nagarjuna in being a champion of the Middle Way and a reviver of the original philosophical ideals of the Buddha. He was the spiritual teacher of the Mauryan Emperor Ashoka, and his son Mahinda, who brought Buddhism to Sri Lanka. Moggaliputta-Tissa also presided over the Third Buddhist Council. According to the Mahavamsa, he had consented himself to be reincarnated as a human in order to chair the council, on the request of the arahants who has presided over the second. He was the son of Mogalli of Pataliputra, as Tissa. According to the Mahavamsa, Tissa, who was thoroughly proficient, at a young age was sought after by the Buddhist monks Siggava and Candavajji for conversion, as they went on their daily alms round. At the age of seven, Tissa was angered when Siggava, a Buddhist monk, occupied his seat in his house and berated him. Siggava responded by asking Tissa a question about the Cittayamaka which Tissa was not able to answer, and he expressed a desire to learn the dharma, converting to Buddhism. After obtaining the consent of his parents, he joined the Sangha as Siggava's disciple, who taught him the Vinaya and Candavajji the Abhidhamma Pitakas. He later attained arahantship and became an acknowledged leader of the monks at Pataliputra. He became known as Moggaliputta-Tissa. At a festival for the dedication of the Aśokārāma and the other viharas built by Ashoka, Moggaliputta-Tissa, in answer to a question, informed Ashoka that one becomes a kinsman of the Buddha's religion only by letting one's son or daughter enter the Sangha. Upon this suggestion, Ashoka had both his son Mahinda and daughter Sanghamitta ordained. Moggaliputta acted as Mahinda's teacher until Mahinda was sent to propagate Buddhism in Sri Lanka. Later, due to the great gains which accrued to the Sangha through Ashoka's patronage of Buddhism, he perceived that the Order had become corrupt. He committed the monks to the leadership of Mahinda, and lived in self-imposed solitary retreat for seven years on the Ahoganga pabbata. Ashoka recalled him to Pataliputra after some monks had been murdered by royal officials. After some initial reluctance, he traveled by boat to Pataliputra, and was met at the landing place by Ashoka. Ashoka had a dream on the previous night which royal soothsayers interpreted to mean that an eminent ascetic would touch him on the right hand. As the Moggaliputta touched Ashoka's hand the royal guards were about to carry out an instantaneous death penalty. Ashoka restrained his guards and Moggaliputta took his hand as a sign that he accepted him as a disciple. On the advice of Moggaliputta, Ashoka convened the Third Buddhist Council in Pataliputra, in the Aśokārāma, which was attended by some 1,000 monks in 253 BC. In his presence, Ashoka questioned the assembled monks on their views of various doctrines, and those who held views which were deemed to be contrary to Buddhism were disrobed. He compiled the Kathavatthu, in refutation of those views, and it was in this council that this text was approved and added to the Abhidhamma. Moggaliputta later made arrangements arising from the council to send monks outside of the Mauryan Empire to propagate Buddhism, and arranged for a bodhi tree sapling to be sent to Sri Lanka. He died at the age of eighty in the twenty-sixth year of Ashoka's reign and his relics were enshrined in a stupa in Sanchi along with nine other arahants.

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Mohenjo-daro

Mohenjo-daro (موئن جو دڙو, meaning 'Mound of the Dead Men'; موئن جو دڑو) is an archaeological site in the province of Sindh, Pakistan.

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Mortimer Wheeler

Sir Robert Eric Mortimer Wheeler (10 September 1890 – 22 July 1976) was a British archaeologist and officer in the British Army.

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Motilal Banarsidass

Motilal Banarsidass (MLBD) is a leading Indian publishing house on Sanskrit and Indology since 1903, located in Delhi, India.

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Mudra

A mudra (Sanskrit "seal", "mark", or "gesture") is a symbolic or ritual gesture in Hinduism and Buddhism.

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Nalanda

Nalanda was a Mahavihara, a large Buddhist monastery, in the ancient kingdom of Magadha (modern-day Bihar) in India.

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Nanda Empire

The Nanda dynasty originated from the region of Magadha in ancient India during the 4th century BCE and lasted between 345–321 BCE.

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Nawabshah

Nawabshah (Sindhi and نوابشاہ) is the old name of Shaheed Benazir Abad District of Sindh province, Pakistan.

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Nāga

Nāga (IAST: nāgá; Devanāgarī: नाग) is the Sanskrit and Pali word for a deity or class of entity or being taking the form of a very great snake, specifically the king cobra, found in the Indian religions of Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism.

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Neutering

Neutering, from the Latin neuter ('of neither sex'), is the removal of an animal's reproductive organ, either all of it or a considerably large part.

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New Delhi

New Delhi is an urban district of Delhi which serves as the capital of India and seat of all three branches of Government of India.

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Odisha

Odisha (formerly Orissa) is one of the 29 states of India, located in eastern India.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.

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Padmavati (wife of Ashoka)

Rani Padmavati was a queen of the Mauryan Emperor, Ashoka and the mother of his son, Kunala.

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Pakistan

Pakistan (پاکِستان), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (اِسلامی جمہوریہ پاکِستان), is a country in South Asia.

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Pali

Pali, or Magadhan, is a Middle Indo-Aryan language native to the Indian subcontinent.

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Pamir Mountains

The Pamir Mountains, or the Pamirs, are a mountain range in Central Asia at the junction of the Himalayas with the Tian Shan, Karakoram, Kunlun, Hindu Kush, Suleman and Hindu Raj ranges.

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Pandyan dynasty

The Pandyan dynasty was an ancient Tamil dynasty, one of the three Tamil dynasties, the other two being the Chola and the Chera.

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Parinirvana

In Buddhism, the term parinirvana (Sanskrit:; Pali) is commonly used to refer to nirvana-after-death, which occurs upon the death of the body of someone who has attained nirvana during his or her lifetime.

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Pataliputra

Pataliputra (IAST), adjacent to modern-day Patna, was a city in ancient India, originally built by Magadha ruler Udayin in 490 BCE as a small fort near the Ganges river.

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Patna

Patna is the capital and largest city of the state of Bihar in India.

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Pearson Education

Pearson Education (see also Pearson PLC) is a British-owned education publishing and assessment service to schools and corporations, as well as directly to students.

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Piers Anthony

Piers Anthony Dillingham Jacob (born 6 August 1934 in Oxford, England) is an English American author in the science fiction and fantasy genres, publishing under the name Piers Anthony.

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Pillars of Ashoka

The pillars of Ashoka are a series of columns dispersed throughout the Indian subcontinent, erected or at least inscribed with edicts by the Mauryan king Ashoka during his reign from c. 268 to 232 BC.

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Prakrit

The Prakrits (प्राकृत; pāuda; pāua) are any of several Middle Indo-Aryan languages formerly spoken in India.

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Ptolemy II Philadelphus

Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Πτολεμαῖος Φιλάδελφος, Ptolemaîos Philádelphos "Ptolemy Beloved of his Sibling"; 308/9–246 BCE) was the king of Ptolemaic Egypt from 283 to 246 BCE.

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Punch-marked coins

Punch-marked coins are a type of early Coinage of India, dating to between about the 6th and 2nd centuries BC.

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Pundravardhana

Pundravardhana (পুন্ড্রবর্ধন Punḍrôbôrdhôn, Punḍravardhana), was an ancient kingdom during the Classical period on the Indian subcontinent; the territory located in North Bengal in ancient times, home of the Pundra, a group of people not speaking languages of the Indo-Aryan family.

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Puranas

The Puranas (singular: पुराण), are ancient Hindu texts eulogizing various deities, primarily the divine Trimurti God in Hinduism through divine stories.

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Pushyamitra Shunga

Pushyamitra Shunga (IAST) was the founder and first ruler of the Shunga Empire in East India.

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Rajatarangini

Rajatarangini ("The River of Kings") is a metrical legendary and historical chronicle of the north-western Indian subcontinent, particularly the kings of Kashmir.

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Rajdharma

Rajdharma means the duty of the rulers, which was intrinsically entwined with the concept of bravery and Kshatriya dharma.

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Ramagrama stupa

Ramagrama stupa (रामग्राम नगरपालिका, also Ramgram, Rāmgrām, Rāmagrāma) is a stupa located in Ramgram Municipality, in the Nawalparasi District of Nepal.

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Ratan Thiyam

Ratan Thiyam (born 20 January 1948) is an Indian playwright and theatre director, and the winner of Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1987, one of leading figures of the "theatre of roots" movement in Indian theatre, which started in the 1970s.

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Rudradaman I

Rudradaman I (r. 130–150) was a Saka ruler from the Western Kshatrapas dynasty.

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Sachchidananda Vatsyayan

Sachchidananda Hirananda Vatsyayan, popularly known by his pen-name, Agyeya (अज्ञेय, "beyond comprehension"), was a pioneering writer of modern Hindi poetry, fiction, criticism and journalism.

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Samprati

Samprati was an emperor of the Maurya dynasty.

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Sanchi

Sanchi Stupa, also written Sanci, is a Buddhist complex, famous for its Great Stupa, on a hilltop at Sanchi Town in Raisen District of the State of Madhya Pradesh, India.

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Sangam period

Sangam period is the period of history of ancient Tamil Nadu and Kerala (known as Tamilakam) spanning from c. 3rd century BC to c. 3rd century AD.

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Sangha

Sangha (saṅgha; saṃgha; සංඝයා; พระสงฆ์; Tamil: சங்கம்) is a word in Pali and Sanskrit meaning "association", "assembly", "company" or "community" and most commonly refers in Buddhism to the monastic community of bhikkhus (monks) and bhikkhunis (nuns).

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Sanghamitta

Saṅghamittā (Saṅghamitrā in Sanskrit) was the eldest daughter of Emperor Ashoka (304 BC – 232 BC) and his first wife, Devi.

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Sangharama

Sangharama is a Sanskrit word meaning "temple" or "monastery", the place, including its garden or grove, where dwells the Sangha, the Buddhist monastic community.

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Sannati

Sannati or Sannathi is a small village, located on the banks of the Bhima River in Chitapur taluk of Gulbarga District of Northern Karnataka.

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Sanskrit

Sanskrit is the primary liturgical language of Hinduism; a philosophical language of Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism; and a former literary language and lingua franca for the educated of ancient and medieval India.

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Santosh Sivan

Santosh Sivan ASC, ISC (born 8 February 1964) is an Indian cinematographer, film director, producer and actor known for his works in Malayalam cinema, Tamil cinema, Telugu cinema, Hindi cinema.

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Saraca asoca

Saraca asoca (the ashoka tree; lit., "sorrow-less") is a plant belonging to the Caesalpinioideae subfamily of the legume family.

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Sarnath

Sarnath is a place located 10 kilometres north-east of Varanasi near the confluence of the Ganges and the Varuna rivers in Uttar Pradesh, India.

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Sarnath Museum

Sarnath Museum is the oldest site museum of Archaeological Survey of India.

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Seleucus I Nicator

Seleucus I Nicator (Σέλευκος Α΄ Νικάτωρ Séleukos Α΄ Nikátōr; "Seleucus the Victor") was one of the Diadochi.

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Shah Rukh Khan

Shah Rukh Khan (born Shahrukh Khan; 2 November 1965), also known as SRK, is an Indian film actor, producer and television personality.

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Shunga Empire

The Shunga Empire (IAST) was an ancient Indian dynasty from Magadha that controlled areas of the central and eastern Indian subcontinent from around 187 to 78 BCE.

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Skandagupta

Skandagupta (स्कन्दगुप्त) (died 467) was a Gupta Emperor of northern India.

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Space opera

Space opera is a subgenre of science fiction that emphasizes space warfare, melodramatic adventure, interplanetary battles, chivalric romance, and risk-taking.

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Spinning wheel

A spinning wheel is a device for spinning thread or yarn from natural or synthetic fibres.

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Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා; Tamil: இலங்கை Ilaṅkai), officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an island country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean to the southwest of the Bay of Bengal and to the southeast of the Arabian Sea.

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State Emblem of India

The State Emblem of India, as the national emblem of India is called, is an adaptation of the Lion Capital of Ashoka at Sarnath, preserved in the Varanasi Sarnath Museum in India.

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Stupa

A stupa (Sanskrit: "heap") is a mound-like or hemispherical structure containing relics (śarīra - typically the remains of Buddhist monks or nuns) that is used as a place of meditation.

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Subhadrangi

Subhadrangi (also known as Dharma or Janapadakalyani) was, according to Buddhist sources, a wife of the Mauryan emperor, Bindusara and the mother of his successor, Ashoka.

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Susima

Susima (also Sushima or Sushim) was a prince of the Maurya Empire and the eldest son and heir-apparent of the second Mauryan emperor Bindusara.

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Suvarnabhumi

(सुवर्णभूमि; Pali) is the name of a land mentioned in many ancient Buddhist sources such as the Mahavamsa, some stories of the Jataka tales, and Milinda Panha.

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Swastika

The swastika (as a character 卐 or 卍) is a geometrical figure and an ancient religious icon from the cultures of Eurasia, where it has been and remains a symbol of divinity and spirituality in Indian religions, Chinese religions, Mongolian and Siberian shamanisms.

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Swat District

Swāt (Pashto, Urdu: سوات) is a valley and an administrative district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

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Tamil language

Tamil (தமிழ்) is a Dravidian language predominantly spoken by the Tamil people of India and Sri Lanka, and by the Tamil diaspora, Sri Lankan Moors, Burghers, Douglas, and Chindians.

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Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu (• tamiḻ nāḍu ? literally 'The Land of Tamils' or 'Tamil Country') is one of the 29 states of India.

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Tamils

The Tamil people, also known as Tamilar, Tamilans, or simply Tamils, are a Dravidian ethnic group who speak Tamil as their mother tongue and trace their ancestry to the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, the Indian Union territory of Puducherry, or the Northern, Eastern Province and Puttalam District of Sri Lanka.

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Tamraparni

Tamraparni (Tamil/Sanskrit) is an ancient name of a river proximal to Tirunelveli of South India and Puttalam of Western Sri Lanka.

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Taranatha

Tāranātha (1575–1634) was a Lama of the Jonang school of Tibetan Buddhism.

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Taxila

Taxila (from Pāli: Takkasilā, Sanskrit: तक्षशिला,, meaning "City of Cut Stone" or " Rock") is a town and an important archaeological site in the Rawalpindi District of the Punjab, Pakistan, situated about north-west of Islamabad and Rawalpindi, just off the famous Grand Trunk Road.

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Thatching

Thatching is the craft of building a roof with dry vegetation such as straw, water reed, sedge (Cladium mariscus), rushes, heather, or palm fronds, layering the vegetation so as to shed water away from the inner roof.

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The Emperor's Riddles

The Emperor's Riddles is a mystery thriller debut novel by Indian author Satyarth Nayak.

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The Mahabharata Secret

The Mahabharata Secret is the debut novel by Indian author Christopher C. Doyle and was released on 21 October 2013 by Om Books.

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The Outline of History

The Outline of History, subtitled either "The Whole Story of Man" or "Being a Plain History of Life and Mankind", is a work by H. G. Wells that first appeared in an illustrated version of 24 fortnightly installments beginning on 22 November 1919 and was published as a single volume in 1920.

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The Sunday Times (Sri Lanka)

The Sunday Times is a weekly Sri Lankan broadsheet initially published by the now defunct Times Group, until 1991, when it was taken over by Wijeya Newspapers.

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The Telegraph (Calcutta)

The Telegraph is an Indian English daily newspaper founded and continuously published in Kolkata since 7 July 1982.

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The Times of India

The Times of India (TOI) is an Indian English-language daily newspaper owned by The Times Group.

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Third Buddhist council

The Third Buddhist council was convened in about 250 BCE at Asokarama in Pataliputra, supposedly under the patronage of Emperor Ashoka.

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Tishyaraksha

Tishyaraksha (died) was the last wife of the third Mauryan emperor, Ashoka.

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Tivala

Tivala Maurya (born 3rd-century BC), also referred to as Tivara, was a son of Emperor Ashoka from his second queen, Karuvaki.

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Torture chamber

A torture chamber is a room where torture is inflicted.

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Triskelion

A triskelion or triskele is a motif consisting of a triple spiral exhibiting rotational symmetry.

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Ujjain

Ujjain is the largest city in Ujjain district of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.

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University of Chicago Press

The University of Chicago Press is the largest and one of the oldest university presses in the United States.

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University of Delhi

The University of Delhi, informally known as Delhi University (DU), is a collegiate public central university, located in New Delhi, India.

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Upāsaka and Upāsikā

Upāsaka (masculine) or Upāsikā (feminine) are from the Sanskrit and Pāli words for "attendant".

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Uposatha

The Uposatha (Upavasatha) is a Buddhist day of observance, in existence from the Buddha's time (500 BCE), and still being kept today in Buddhist countries.

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Uttar Pradesh

Uttar Pradesh (IAST: Uttar Pradeś) is a state in northern India.

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Viacom 18

Viacom 18 Media Pvt.

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Vidisha

Vidisha is a city in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India.

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Vihara

Vihara (विहार, IAST: vihāra) generally refers to a Buddhist bhikkhu monastery.

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Vitashoka

Vitashoka or Tissa (born 3rd-century BCE) was a prince of the Maurya Empire as the only uterine of Ashoka, and the only brother left alive by Ashoka.

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Weligama Sri Sumangala

Weligama Sri Sumangala Thero (1825-1905) was an outstanding scholar bhikkhu with many important publications -Hitopadsesa Atthadassi, Hitopadsesa Padarthavykanaya, Upadesa Vinischaya, Siddanta Sekaraya.

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Yona

The word Yona in Pali and the Prakrits, and the analogue "Yavana" in Sanskrit, are words used in Ancient India to designate Greek speakers.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashoka

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