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195 relations: Absolute value, ABTS, Adhesive, Alkaloid, Allelopathy, Amine, Ancient Greek, Anthracycline, Antibody, Antinutrient, Antioxidant, Arachnid, Aromaticity, Arthropod, Arthropod cuticle, Aryl, Astringent, Atropisomer, Autofluorescence, Auxin, Axial chirality, Ayurveda, Benzenediol, Benzenetriol, Benzopyran, Bioadhesive, Biological pigment, Biomarker, Biomimetics, Biosensor, Biphenyl, Black tea, Carbohydrate, Carboxylic acid, Carotenoid, Catechin, Catechol, Chemical structure, Chirality, Chromatography, Chromatography detector, Colorimetry, Condensed tannin, Conjugated system, Cosmetics, Countercurrent chromatography, Crustacean, Dietary Reference Intake, Dietary supplement, Dihydrokaempferol 4-reductase, ..., Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds, DPPH, Dye, Edgar Charles Bate-Smith, Edwin Haslam, Efficacy, Ellagic acid, Ellagitannin, Enantiomer, Ester, Ether, Extraction (chemistry), Ferric reducing ability of plasma, Finings, Flavono-ellagitannin, Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, Food and Drug Administration, Food browning, Formaldehyde, Fractionation, Frying, Functional food, Furan, Gallic acid, Gallotannin, Generally recognized as safe, Glucoside, Glucosyltransferase, Glycoside, Grape, Green chemistry, Health claim, Herbal tea, Heteroatom, Heterocyclic compound, High-performance liquid chromatography, Hot water extraction, Hydrolysable tannin, Hydroxy group, Hypericin, In vitro, In vivo, Indian subcontinent, Insect, Instrumental chemistry, Ion, Isomer, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Laccase, Leucoanthocyanidin reductase, Lignin, Liquid–liquid extraction, List of antioxidants in food, List of phytochemicals in food, Low-density lipoprotein, Macromolecule, Malonyl-CoA, Mass spectrometry, Mechanism of action, Molar attenuation coefficient, Myriophyllum spicatum, Natural product, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Nutrition, Oligostilbenoid, Olive, Organic compound, Oxygen radical absorbance capacity, P-Dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde, Panellus stipticus, Paper chromatography, Pecan, Pedunculagin, Peel (fruit), Permanganate, Phenol, Phenols, Phenyl group, Phenylalanine, Phenylpropanoid, Phloroglucinol, Phosphomolybdic acid, Photographic developer, Physiology, Phytoalexin, Phytochemistry, Pi bond, Pigment, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, Polyketide, Polymerization, Polyphenol oxidase, Pomace, Pomegranate, Procyanidin, Protecting group, Pyrogallol, Pyrone, Quantification (science), Raspberry ellagitannin, Reactivity (chemistry), Redox, Regioselectivity, Resorcinol, Reversed-phase chromatography, Ruminant, Sclerotin, Secondary metabolite, Semisynthesis, Sensitivity and specificity, Separation process, Shikimic acid, Solid phase extraction, Solubility, Spectroscopy, Spiro compound, Standard (metrology), Standard curve, Steaming, Stereoselectivity, Suberin, Substituent, Supercritical carbon dioxide, Tannic acid, Tannin, Tanning (leather), The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Theaflavin-3-gallate, Thin-layer chromatography, Thiol, Titration, Tony Swain (chemist), Total synthesis, Trolox, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, Tropolone, Ultrafiltration, Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, Vacuole, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Wet chemistry, Wood preservation, 1,2,3,4,6-Pentagalloyl glucose, 1,2-Benzoquinone. Expand index (145 more) »
Absolute value
In mathematics, the absolute value or modulus of a real number is the non-negative value of without regard to its sign.
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ABTS
In biochemistry, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) or ABTS is a chemical compound used to observe the reaction kinetics of specific enzymes.
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Adhesive
An adhesive, also known as glue, cement, mucilage, or paste, is any substance applied to one surface, or both surfaces, of two separate items that binds them together and resists their separation.
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Alkaloid
Alkaloids are a class of naturally occurring chemical compounds that mostly contain basic nitrogen atoms.
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Allelopathy
Allelopathy is a biological phenomenon by which an organism produces one or more biochemicals that influence the germination, growth, survival, and reproduction of other organisms.
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Amine
In organic chemistry, amines are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.
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Ancient Greek
The Ancient Greek language includes the forms of Greek used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around the 9th century BC to the 6th century AD.
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Anthracycline
Anthracyclines are a class of drugs used in cancer chemotherapy extracted from Streptomyces bacterium such as Streptomyces peucetius var.
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Antibody
An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shaped protein produced mainly by plasma cells that is used by the immune system to neutralize pathogens such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses.
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Antinutrient
Antinutrients are natural or synthetic compounds that interfere with the absorption of nutrients.
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Antioxidant
Antioxidants are molecules that inhibit the oxidation of other molecules.
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Arachnid
Arachnids are a class (Arachnida) of joint-legged invertebrate animals (arthropods), in the subphylum Chelicerata.
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Aromaticity
In organic chemistry, the term aromaticity is used to describe a cyclic (ring-shaped), planar (flat) molecule with a ring of resonance bonds that exhibits more stability than other geometric or connective arrangements with the same set of atoms.
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Arthropod
An arthropod (from Greek ἄρθρον arthron, "joint" and πούς pous, "foot") is an invertebrate animal having an exoskeleton (external skeleton), a segmented body, and paired jointed appendages.
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Arthropod cuticle
The cuticle forms the major part of the integument of the Arthropoda.
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Aryl
In the context of organic molecules, aryl is any functional group or substituent derived from an aromatic ring, usually an aromatic hydrocarbon, such as phenyl and naphthyl.
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Astringent
An astringent (sometimes called adstringent) is a chemical that shrinks or constricts body tissues.
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Atropisomer
Atropisomers are stereoisomers arising because of hindered rotation about a single bond, where energy differences due to steric strain or other contributors create a barrier to rotation that is high enough to allow for isolation of individual conformers.
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Autofluorescence
Autofluorescence is the natural emission of light by biological structures such as mitochondria and lysosomes when they have absorbed light, and is used to distinguish the light originating from artificially added fluorescent markers (fluorophores).
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Auxin
Auxins (plural of auxin) are a class of plant hormones (or plant growth regulators) with some morphogen-like characteristics.
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Axial chirality
Axial chirality is a special case of chirality in which a molecule does not possess a stereogenic center (the most common form of chirality in organic compounds) but an axis of chirality – an axis about which a set of substituents is held in a spatial arrangement that is not superposable on its mirror image.
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Ayurveda
Ayurveda is a system of medicine with historical roots in the Indian subcontinent.
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Benzenediol
Benzenediols or dihydroxybenzenes are organic chemical compounds in which two hydroxyl groups are substituted onto a benzene ring.
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Benzenetriol
Benzenetriols or trihydroxybenzenes are aromatic chemical compounds and polyphenols in which three hydroxyl groups are substituted onto a benzene ring.
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Benzopyran
Benzopyran is an polycyclic organic compound that results from the fusion of a benzene ring to a heterocyclic pyran ring.
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Bioadhesive
Bioadhesives are natural polymeric materials that act as adhesives.
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Biological pigment
Biological pigments, also known simply as pigments or biochromes, are substances produced by living organisms that have a color resulting from selective color absorption.
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Biomarker
A biomarker, or biological marker, generally refers to a measurable indicator of some biological state or condition.
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Biomimetics
Biomimetics or biomimicry is the imitation of the models, systems, and elements of nature for the purpose of solving complex human problems.
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Biosensor
A biosensor is an analytical device, used for the detection of an analyte, that combines a biological component with a physicochemical detector.
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Biphenyl
Biphenyl (or diphenyl or phenylbenzene or 1,1′-biphenyl or lemonene) is an organic compound that forms colorless crystals.
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Black tea
Black tea is a type of tea that is more oxidized than oolong, green, and white teas.
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Carbohydrate
A carbohydrate is a biomolecule consisting of carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) atoms, usually with a hydrogen–oxygen atom ratio of 2:1 (as in water); in other words, with the empirical formula (where m may be different from n).
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Carboxylic acid
A carboxylic acid is an organic compound that contains a carboxyl group (C(.
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Carotenoid
Carotenoids, also called tetraterpenoids, are organic pigments that are produced by plants and algae, as well as several bacteria and fungi.
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Catechin
Catechin is a flavan-3-ol, a type of natural phenol and antioxidant.
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Catechol
Catechol, also known as pyrocatechol or 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C6H4(OH)2.
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Chemical structure
A chemical structure determination includes a chemist's specifying the molecular geometry and, when feasible and necessary, the electronic structure of the target molecule or other solid.
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Chirality
Chirality is a property of asymmetry important in several branches of science.
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Chromatography
Chromatography is a laboratory technique for the separation of a mixture.
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Chromatography detector
A chromatography detector is a device used in gas chromatography (GC) or liquid chromatography (LC) to detect components of the mixture being eluted off the chromatography column.
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Colorimetry
Colorimetry is "the science and technology used to quantify and describe physically the human color perception." It is similar to spectrophotometry, but is distinguished by its interest in reducing spectra to the physical correlates of color perception, most often the CIE 1931 XYZ color space tristimulus values and related quantities.
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Condensed tannin
Condensed tannins (proanthocyanidins, polyflavonoid tannins, catechol-type tannins, pyrocatecollic type tannins, non-hydrolyzable tannins or flavolans) are polymers formed by the condensation of flavans.
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Conjugated system
In chemistry, a conjugated system is a system of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons in molecules which are conventionally represented as having alternating single and multiple bonds, which in general may lower the overall energy of the molecule and increase stability.
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Cosmetics
Cosmetics are substances or products used to enhance or alter the appearance of the face or fragrance and texture of the body.
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Countercurrent chromatography
Countercurrent chromatography (CCC, also counter-current chromatography) is a form of liquid–liquid chromatography that uses a liquid stationary phase that is held in place by centrifugal force and is used to separate, identify, and quantify the chemical components of a mixture.
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Crustacean
Crustaceans (Crustacea) form a large, diverse arthropod taxon which includes such familiar animals as crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill, woodlice, and barnacles.
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Dietary Reference Intake
The Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) is a system of nutrition recommendations from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the National Academies (United States).
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Dietary supplement
A dietary supplement is a manufactured product intended to supplement the diet when taken by mouth as a pill, capsule, tablet, or liquid.
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Dihydrokaempferol 4-reductase
In enzymology, a dihydrokaempferol 4-reductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are cis-3,4-leucopelargonidin and NADP+, whereas its 3 products are (+)-dihydrokaempferol, NADPH, and H+.
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Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds
Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) are compounds that are highly toxic environmental persistent organic pollutants (POPs).
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DPPH
DPPH is a common abbreviation for the organic chemical compound 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl.
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Dye
A dye is a colored substance that has an affinity to the substrate to which it is being applied.
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Edgar Charles Bate-Smith
Edgar Charles Bate-Smith (1900-1989Practical Polyphenolics, Edwin Haslam, 1998) was an English chemist and phytochemist specialising in food chemistry.
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Edwin Haslam
Edwin Haslam (1932 – 3 October 2013) was an organic chemist and an author of books on polyphenols.
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Efficacy
Efficacy is the ability to get a job done satisfactorily.
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Ellagic acid
Ellagic acid is a natural phenol antioxidant found in numerous fruits and vegetables.
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Ellagitannin
The ellagitannins are a diverse class of hydrolyzable tannins, a type of polyphenol formed primarily from the oxidative linkage of galloyl groups in 1,2,3,4,6-pentagalloyl glucose.
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Enantiomer
In chemistry, an enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer (and archaically termed antipode or optical antipode), is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superposable (not identical), much as one's left and right hands are the same except for being reversed along one axis (the hands cannot be made to appear identical simply by reorientation).
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Ester
In chemistry, an ester is a chemical compound derived from an acid (organic or inorganic) in which at least one –OH (hydroxyl) group is replaced by an –O–alkyl (alkoxy) group.
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Ether
Ethers are a class of organic compounds that contain an ether group—an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups.
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Extraction (chemistry)
Extraction in chemistry is a separation process consisting in the separation of a substance from a matrix.
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Ferric reducing ability of plasma
Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP, also Ferric ion reducing antioxidant power) is an antioxidant capacity assay that uses Trolox as a standard.
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Finings
FiningsThe term is a mass noun rather than a plural.
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Flavono-ellagitannin
The Flavono-ellagitannins or complex tannins are a class of tannins formed from the complexation of an ellagitannin with a flavonoid.
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Folin–Ciocalteu reagent
The Folin–Ciocalteu reagent (FCR) or Folin's phenol reagent or Folin–Denis reagent, also called the gallic acid equivalence method (GAE), is a mixture of phosphomolybdate and phosphotungstate used for the colorimetric in vitro assay of phenolic and polyphenolic antioxidants.
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Food and Drug Administration
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or USFDA) is a federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, one of the United States federal executive departments.
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Food browning
Browning is the process of food turning brown due to the chemical reactions that take place within.
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Formaldehyde
No description.
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Fractionation
Fractionation is a separation process in which a certain quantity of a mixture (gas, solid, liquid, enzymes, suspension, or isotope) is divided during a phase transition, into a number of smaller quantities (fractions) in which the composition varies according to a gradient.
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Frying
Frying is the cooking of food in oil or another fat.
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Functional food
A functional food is a food given an additional function (often one related to health-promotion or disease prevention) by adding new ingredients or more of existing ingredients.
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Furan
Furan is a heterocyclic organic compound, consisting of a five-membered aromatic ring with four carbon atoms and one oxygen.
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Gallic acid
Gallic acid (also known as 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) is a trihydroxybenzoic acid, a type of phenolic acid, found in gallnuts, sumac, witch hazel, tea leaves, oak bark, and other plants.
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Gallotannin
A gallotannin is any of a class of molecules belonging to the hydrolysable tannins.
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Generally recognized as safe
Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) is an American Food and Drug Administration (FDA) designation that a chemical or substance added to food is considered safe by experts, and so is exempted from the usual Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA) food additive tolerance requirements.
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Glucoside
A glucoside is a glycoside that is derived from glucose.
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Glucosyltransferase
Glucosyltransferases are a type of glycosyltransferase that enable the transfer of glucose.
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Glycoside
In chemistry, a glycoside is a molecule in which a sugar is bound to another functional group via a glycosidic bond.
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Grape
A grape is a fruit, botanically a berry, of the deciduous woody vines of the flowering plant genus Vitis.
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Green chemistry
Green chemistry, also called sustainable chemistry, is an area of chemistry and chemical engineering focused on the designing of products and processes that minimize the use and generation of hazardous substances.
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Health claim
Health claims on food labels and in food marketing are claims by manufacturers of food products that their food will reduce the risk of developing a disease or condition.
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Herbal tea
Herbal teas — less commonly called tisanes (UK and US, US also) — are beverages made from the infusion or decoction of herbs, spices, or other plant material in hot water.
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Heteroatom
In chemistry, a heteroatom (from Ancient Greek heteros, "different", + atomos, "uncut") is any atom that is not carbon or hydrogen.
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Heterocyclic compound
A heterocyclic compound or ring structure is a cyclic compound that has atoms of at least two different elements as members of its ring(s).
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High-performance liquid chromatography
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC; formerly referred to as high-pressure liquid chromatography), is a technique in analytical chemistry used to separate, identify, and quantify each component in a mixture.
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Hot water extraction
Hot Water Extraction (HWE) is a method of carpet cleaning.
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Hydrolysable tannin
A hydrolyzable tannin or pyrogallol-type tannin is a type of tannin that, on heating with hydrochloric or sulfuric acids, yields gallic or ellagic acids.
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Hydroxy group
A hydroxy or hydroxyl group is the entity with the formula OH.
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Hypericin
Hypericin is a naphthodianthrone, an anthraquinone derivative which, together with hyperforin, is one of the principal active constituents of Hypericum (Saint John's wort).
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In vitro
In vitro (meaning: in the glass) studies are performed with microorganisms, cells, or biological molecules outside their normal biological context.
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In vivo
Studies that are in vivo (Latin for "within the living"; often not italicized in English) are those in which the effects of various biological entities are tested on whole, living organisms or cells, usually animals, including humans, and plants, as opposed to a tissue extract or dead organism.
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Indian subcontinent
The Indian subcontinent is a southern region and peninsula of Asia, mostly situated on the Indian Plate and projecting southwards into the Indian Ocean from the Himalayas.
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Insect
Insects or Insecta (from Latin insectum) are hexapod invertebrates and the largest group within the arthropod phylum.
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Instrumental chemistry
Instrumental analysis is a field of analytical chemistry that investigates analytes using scientific instruments.
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Ion
An ion is an atom or molecule that has a non-zero net electrical charge (its total number of electrons is not equal to its total number of protons).
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Isomer
An isomer (from Greek ἰσομερής, isomerès; isos.
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Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 1953 by the American Chemical Society.
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Laccase
Laccases are copper-containing oxidase enzymes found in many plants, fungi, and microorganisms.
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Leucoanthocyanidin reductase
In enzymology, a leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR, aka leucocyanidin reductase or LCR) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction The 3 substrates of this enzyme are (2R,3S)-catechin, NADP+, and H2O, whereas its 3 products are 2,3-trans-3,4-cis-leucocyanidin, NADPH, and H+.
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Lignin
Lignin is a class of complex organic polymers that form important structural materials in the support tissues of vascular plants and some algae. Lignins are particularly important in the formation of cell walls, especially in wood and bark, because they lend rigidity and do not rot easily. Chemically, lignins are cross-linked phenolic polymers.
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Liquid–liquid extraction
Liquid–liquid extraction (LLE), also known as solvent extraction and partitioning, is a method to separate compounds or metal complexes, based on their relative solubilities in two different immiscible liquids, usually water (polar) and an organic solvent (non-polar).
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List of antioxidants in food
This is a list of antioxidants naturally occurring in food.
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List of phytochemicals in food
While there is ample evidence to indicate the health benefits of diets rich in fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains and nuts, no specific food has been acknowledged by scientists and government regulatory authorities as providing a health benefit.
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Low-density lipoprotein
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the five major groups of lipoprotein which transport all fat molecules around the body in the extracellular water.
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Macromolecule
A macromolecule is a very large molecule, such as protein, commonly created by the polymerization of smaller subunits (monomers).
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Malonyl-CoA
Malonyl-CoA is a coenzyme A derivative of malonic acid.
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Mass spectrometry
Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique that ionizes chemical species and sorts the ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio.
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Mechanism of action
In pharmacology, the term mechanism of action (MOA) refers to the specific biochemical interaction through which a drug substance produces its pharmacological effect.
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Molar attenuation coefficient
The molar attenuation coefficient is a measurement of how strongly a chemical species attenuates light at a given wavelength.
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Myriophyllum spicatum
Myriophyllum spicatum (Eurasian watermilfoil or spiked water-milfoil) is native to Europe, Asia, and north Africa.
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Natural product
A natural product is a chemical compound or substance produced by a living organism—that is, found in nature.
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Nuclear magnetic resonance
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a physical phenomenon in which nuclei in a magnetic field absorb and re-emit electromagnetic radiation.
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Nutrition
Nutrition is the science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.
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Oligostilbenoid
Oligostilbenoids (oligo- or polystilbenes) are oligomeric forms of stilbenoids.
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Olive
The olive, known by the botanical name Olea europaea, meaning "European olive", is a species of small tree in the family Oleaceae, found in the Mediterranean Basin from Portugal to the Levant, the Arabian Peninsula, and southern Asia as far east as China, as well as the Canary Islands and Réunion.
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Organic compound
In chemistry, an organic compound is generally any chemical compound that contains carbon.
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Oxygen radical absorbance capacity
Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) is a method of measuring antioxidant capacities in biological samples in vitro.
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P-Dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde
p-Dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (DMACA) is an aromatic hydrocarbon.
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Panellus stipticus
Panellus stipticus, commonly known as the bitter oyster, the astringent panus, the luminescent panellus, or the stiptic fungus, is a species of fungus in the family Mycenaceae, and the type species of the genus Panellus.
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Paper chromatography
Paper chromatography is an analytical method used to separate colored chemicals or substances.
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Pecan
The pecan (Carya illinoinensis) is a species of hickory native to Mexico and the Southern United States.
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Pedunculagin
Pedunculagin is an ellagitannin.
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Peel (fruit)
Peel, also known as rind or skin, is the outer protective layer of a fruit or vegetable which can be peeled off.
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Permanganate
A permanganate is the general name for a chemical compound containing the manganate(VII) ion,.
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Phenol
Phenol, also known as phenolic acid, is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C6H5OH.
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Phenols
In organic chemistry, phenols, sometimes called phenolics, are a class of chemical compounds consisting of a hydroxyl group (—OH) bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group.
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Phenyl group
In organic chemistry, the phenyl group or phenyl ring is a cyclic group of atoms with the formula C6H5.
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Phenylalanine
Phenylalanine (symbol Phe or F) is an α-amino acid with the formula.
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Phenylpropanoid
The phenylpropanoids are a diverse family of organic compounds that are synthesized by plants from the amino acids phenylalanine and tyrosine.
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Phloroglucinol
Phloroglucinol is an organic compound that is used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and explosives.
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Phosphomolybdic acid
Phosphomolybdic acid, also known as dodeca molybdophosphoric acid or PMA is a component of Masson's trichrome stain.
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Photographic developer
In the processing of photographic films, plates or papers, the photographic developer (or just developer) is one or more chemicals that convert the latent image to a visible image.
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Physiology
Physiology is the scientific study of normal mechanisms, and their interactions, which work within a living system.
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Phytoalexin
Phytoalexins are antimicrobial and often antioxidative substances synthesized de novo by plants that accumulate rapidly at areas of pathogen infection.
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Phytochemistry
Phytochemistry is the study of phytochemicals, which are chemicals derived from plants.
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Pi bond
In chemistry, pi bonds (π bonds) are covalent chemical bonds where two lobes of an orbital on one atom overlap two lobes of an orbital on another atom.
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Pigment
A pigment is a material that changes the color of reflected or transmitted light as the result of wavelength-selective absorption.
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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, also polyaromatic hydrocarbons or polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons) are hydrocarbons—organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen—that are composed of multiple aromatic rings (organic rings in which the electrons are delocalized).
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Polyketide
Polyketides are a class of secondary metabolites produced by certain living organisms in order to impart to them some survival advantage.
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Polymerization
In polymer chemistry, polymerization is a process of reacting monomer molecules together in a chemical reaction to form polymer chains or three-dimensional networks.
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Polyphenol oxidase
Polyphenol oxidase (PPO; also monophenol monooxygenase or polyphenol oxidase i, chloroplastic) is a tetramer that contains four atoms of copper per molecule, and binding sites for two aromatic compounds and oxygen.
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Pomace
Pomace, or marc (from French marc), is the solid remains of grapes, olives, or other fruit after pressing for juice or oil.
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Pomegranate
The pomegranate (Punica granatum) is a fruit-bearing deciduous shrub or small tree in the family Lythraceae that grows between tall.
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Procyanidin
Procyanidins are members of the proanthocyanidin (or condensed tannins) class of flavonoids.
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Protecting group
A protecting group or protective group is introduced into a molecule by chemical modification of a functional group to obtain chemoselectivity in a subsequent chemical reaction.
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Pyrogallol
Pyrogallol is an organic compound with the formula C6H3(OH)3.
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Pyrone
Pyrones or pyranones are a class of cyclic chemical compounds.
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Quantification (science)
In mathematics and empirical science, quantification (or quantitation) is the act of counting and measuring that maps human sense observations and experiences into quantities.
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Raspberry ellagitannin
The raspberry ellagitannin is an ellagitannin found in raspberries.
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Reactivity (chemistry)
In chemistry, reactivity is the impetus for which a chemical substance undergoes a chemical reaction, either by itself or with other materials, with an overall release of energy.
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Redox
Redox (short for reduction–oxidation reaction) (pronunciation: or) is a chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of atoms are changed.
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Regioselectivity
In chemistry, regioselectivity is the preference of one direction of chemical bond making or breaking over all other possible directions.
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Resorcinol
Resorcinol (or resorcin) is a benzenediol (''m''-dihydroxybenzene).
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Reversed-phase chromatography
Reversed-phase chromatography (also called RPC, reverse-phase chromatography, or hydrophobic chromatography) includes any chromatographic method that uses a hydrophobic stationary phase.
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Ruminant
Ruminants are mammals that are able to acquire nutrients from plant-based food by fermenting it in a specialized stomach prior to digestion, principally through microbial actions.
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Sclerotin
Sclerotin is a component of the cuticles of various Arthropoda, most familiarly insects.
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Secondary metabolite
Secondary metabolites are organic compounds that are not directly involved in the normal growth, development, or reproduction of an organism.
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Semisynthesis
Semisynthesis or partial chemical synthesis is a type of chemical synthesis that uses chemical compounds isolated from natural sources (e.g., microbial cell cultures or plant material) as the starting materials to produce other novel compounds with distinct chemical and medicinal properties.
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Sensitivity and specificity
Sensitivity and specificity are statistical measures of the performance of a binary classification test, also known in statistics as a classification function.
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Separation process
A separation process is a method that converts a mixture or solution of chemical substances into two or more distinct product mixtures.
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Shikimic acid
Shikimic acid, more commonly known as its anionic form shikimate, is a cyclohexene, a cyclitol and a cyclohexanecarboxylic acid.
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Solid phase extraction
Solid-phase extraction (SPE) is a sample preparation process by which compounds that are dissolved or suspended in a liquid mixture are separated from other compounds in the mixture according to their physical and chemical properties.
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Solubility
Solubility is the property of a solid, liquid or gaseous chemical substance called solute to dissolve in a solid, liquid or gaseous solvent.
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Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation.
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Spiro compound
A spiro compound, or spirane, from the Latin spīra, meaning a twist or coil, For a further but less stable source of the same text that provides access to the relevant material, see, same access date.
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Standard (metrology)
In metrology (the science of measurement), a standard (or etalon) is an object, system, or experiment that bears a defined relationship to a unit of measurement of a physical quantity.
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Standard curve
A standard curve, also known as a calibration curve, is a type of graph used as a quantitative research technique.
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Steaming
Steaming is a method of cooking using steam.
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Stereoselectivity
In chemistry, stereoselectivity is the property of a chemical reaction in which a single reactant forms an unequal mixture of stereoisomers during the non-stereospecific creation of a new stereocenter or during the non-stereospecific transformation of a pre-existing one.
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Suberin
Suberin, cutin and lignins are complex, higher plant epidermis and periderm cell-wall macromolecules, forming a protective barrier.
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Substituent
In organic chemistry and biochemistry, a substituent is an atom or group of atoms which replaces one or more hydrogen atoms on the parent chain of a hydrocarbon, becoming a moiety of the resultant new molecule.
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Supercritical carbon dioxide
Supercritical carbon dioxide (s) is a fluid state of carbon dioxide where it is held at or above its critical temperature and critical pressure.
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Tannic acid
Tannic acid is a specific form of tannin, a type of polyphenol.
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Tannin
Tannins (or tannoids) are a class of astringent, polyphenolic biomolecules that bind to and precipitate proteins and various other organic compounds including amino acids and alkaloids.
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Tanning (leather)
Tanned leather in Marrakesh Tanning is the process of treating skins and hides of animals to produce leather.
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The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition is a monthly peer-reviewed biomedical journal in the field of clinical nutrition.
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Theaflavin-3-gallate
Theaflavin-3-gallate is a theaflavin derivative.
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Thin-layer chromatography
Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a chromatography technique used to separate non-volatile mixtures.
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Thiol
Thiol is an organosulfur compound that contains a carbon-bonded sulfhydryl (R–SH) group (where R represents an alkyl or other organic substituent).
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Titration
Titration, also known as titrimetry, is a common laboratory method of quantitative chemical analysis that is used to determine the concentration of an identified analyte.
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Tony Swain (chemist)
Tony Swain (1922–1987) was a chemist known for his definition of a plant polyphenol with Bate-Smith, Haslam and White, which includes specific structural characteristics common to all phenolics having a tanning property.
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Total synthesis
Total synthesis is the complete chemical synthesis of a complex molecule, often a natural product, from simple, commercially available precursors.
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Trolox
Trolox (6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid) is a water-soluble analog of vitamin E sold by Hoffman-LaRoche.
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Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity
Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) measures the antioxidant capacity of a given substance, as compared to the standard, Trolox.
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Tropolone
Tropolone is an organic compound with the formula C7H5(OH)O.
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Ultrafiltration
Ultrafiltration (UF) is a variety of membrane filtration in which forces like pressure or concentration gradients lead to a separation through a semipermeable membrane.
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Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy
Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy or ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV–Vis or UV/Vis) refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflectance spectroscopy in the ultraviolet-visible spectral region.
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Vacuole
A vacuole is a membrane-bound organelle which is present in all plant and fungal cells and some protist, animal and bacterial cells.
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Vitamin C
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and L-ascorbic acid, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.
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Vitamin E
Vitamin E is a group of eight compounds that include four tocopherols and four tocotrienols.
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Wet chemistry
Wet chemistry is a form of analytical chemistry that uses classical methods such as observation to analyze materials.
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Wood preservation
All measures that are taken to ensure a long life of wood fall under the definition wood preservation (timber treatment).
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1,2,3,4,6-Pentagalloyl glucose
1,2,3,4,6-Pentagalloylglucose is the pentagallic acid ester of glucose.
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1,2-Benzoquinone
1,2-Benzoquinone, also called ortho-benzoquinone, is an organic compound with formula.
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Natural polyphenol, Natural polyphenols, Poly phenol, Poly phenols, Poly-phenol, Poly-phenols, Polyhydroxyphenol, Polyhydroxyphenols, Polyphenol glucoside, Polyphenol glucosides, Polyphenol glycoside, Polyphenol glycosides, Polyphenolic, Polyphenolics, Polyphenols, WBSSH, WBSSH definition, White-Bate-Smith-Swain-Haslam definition, White–Bate-Smith–Swain–Haslam definition.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyphenol
