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80 relations: ACE inhibitor, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase, Adenosine monophosphate, Aldehyde oxidase, Allele frequency, Amidophosphoribosyltransferase, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Aplastic anemia, Azathioprine, Bleomycin, Catabolism, Chemotherapy, Chlormethine, Chlorpropamide, Ciclosporin, Coumarin, Crohn's disease, Cyclophosphamide, Cytopenia, Dermatology, Developing country, Didanosine, Diuretic, Doxorubicin, Enzyme inhibitor, Eosinophilia, Epilepsy, Furosemide, Generic drug, Gertrude B. Elion, Glucose 6-phosphatase, Glutamate (neurotransmitter), Glycogen storage disease, Gout, Guanosine monophosphate, Health system, Hepatitis, Hyperuricemia, Hypoxanthine, Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase, Inflammatory bowel disease, Interstitial nephritis, Intravenous therapy, Isomer, Kidney, Kidney failure, Kidney stone disease, Lesch–Nyhan syndrome, ..., Lesinurad/allopurinol, Mercaptopurine, Metabolite, Oxipurinol, Peripheral neuropathy, Phenytoin, Pregnancy, Procarbazine, Purine, Ribonucleotide, Ribose-phosphate diphosphokinase, Salicylic acid, Springer Science+Business Media, Stevens–Johnson syndrome, Theophylline, Thiopurine, Thiopurine methyltransferase, Toxic epidermal necrolysis, Tumor lysis syndrome, Urate oxidase, Uric acid, Uricosuric, Vidarabine, Vomiting, Warfarin, Wellcome Research Laboratories, WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, Xanthine, Xanthine oxidase, Xanthine oxidase inhibitor. Expand index (30 more) »
ACE inhibitor
An angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) is a pharmaceutical drug used primarily for the treatment of hypertension (elevated blood pressure) and congestive heart failure.
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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a cancer of the lymphoid line of blood cells characterized by the development of large numbers of immature lymphocytes.
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Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase
Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APRTase) is an enzyme encoded by the APRT gene, found in humans on chromosome 16.
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Adenosine monophosphate
Adenosine monophosphate (AMP), also known as 5'-adenylic acid, is a nucleotide.
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Aldehyde oxidase
Aldehyde oxidase (AO) is a metabolizing enzyme, located in the cytosolic compartment of tissues in many organisms.
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Allele frequency
Allele frequency, or gene frequency, is the relative frequency of an allele (variant of a gene) at a particular locus in a population, expressed as a fraction or percentage.
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Amidophosphoribosyltransferase
Amidophosphoribosyltransferase (ATase), also known as glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase (GPAT), is an enzyme responsible for catalyzing the conversion of 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) into 5-phosphoribosyl-1-amine (PRA), using the ammonia group from a glutamine side-chain.
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Amoxicillin
Amoxicillin, also spelled amoxycillin, is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.
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Ampicillin
Ampicillin is an antibiotic used to prevent and treat a number of bacterial infections, such as respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, meningitis, salmonellosis, and endocarditis.
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Aplastic anemia
Aplastic anaemia is a rare disease in which the bone marrow and the hematopoietic stem cells that reside there are damaged.
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Azathioprine
Azathioprine (AZA), sold under the brand name Imuran among others, is an immunosuppressive medication.
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Bleomycin
Bleomycin is a medication used to treat cancer. This includes Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, and cervical cancer among others. Typically used with other cancer medications, it can be given intravenously, by injection into a muscle or under the skin. It may also be administered inside the chest to help prevent the recurrence of a fluid around the lung due to cancer; however talc is better for this. Common side effects include fever, weight loss, vomiting, and rash. A severe type of anaphylaxis may occur. It may also cause inflammation of the lungs that can result in lung scarring. Chest X-rays every couple of weeks are recommended to check for this. Bleomycin may cause harm to the baby if used during pregnancy. It is believed to primarily work by preventing the making of DNA. Bleomycin was discovered in 1962. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. It is available as a generic medication. The wholesale cost in the developing world is between 14 USD and 78 USD a dose. It is made by the bacterium Streptomyces verticillus.
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Catabolism
Catabolism (from Greek κάτω kato, "downward" and βάλλειν ballein, "to throw") is the set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units that are either oxidized to release energy or used in other anabolic reactions.
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Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy (often abbreviated to chemo and sometimes CTX or CTx) is a type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen.
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Chlormethine
No description.
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Chlorpropamide
Chlorpropamide is a drug in the sulfonylurea class used to treat diabetes mellitus type 2.
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Ciclosporin
Ciclosporin, also spelled cyclosporine and cyclosporin, is an immunosuppressant medication and natural product.
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Coumarin
Coumarin (2H-chromen-2-one) is a fragrant organic chemical compound in the benzopyrone chemical class, although it may also be seen as a subclass of lactones.
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Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that may affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus.
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Cyclophosphamide
Cyclophosphamide (CP), also known as cytophosphane among other, is a medication used as chemotherapy and to suppress the immune system.
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Cytopenia
Cytopenia is a reduction in the number of mature blood cells.
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Dermatology
Dermatology (from ancient Greek δέρμα, derma which means skin and λογία, logia) is the branch of medicine dealing with the skin, nails, hair and its diseases.
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Developing country
A developing country (or a low and middle income country (LMIC), less developed country, less economically developed country (LEDC), underdeveloped country) is a country with a less developed industrial base and a low Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries.
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Didanosine
Didanosine (ddI, DDI), marketed under the trade names Videx, is a medication used to treat HIV/AIDS.
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Diuretic
A diuretic is any substance that promotes diuresis, the increased production of urine.
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Doxorubicin
Doxorubicin, sold under the trade names Adriamycin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer.
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Enzyme inhibitor
4QI9) An enzyme inhibitor is a molecule that binds to an enzyme and decreases its activity.
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Eosinophilia
Eosinophilia is a condition in which the eosinophil count in the peripheral blood exceeds.
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Epilepsy
Epilepsy is a group of neurological disorders characterized by epileptic seizures.
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Furosemide
Furosemide, sold under the brand name Lasix among others, is a medication used to treat fluid build-up due to heart failure, liver scarring, or kidney disease.
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Generic drug
A generic drug is a pharmaceutical drug that is equivalent to a brand-name product in dosage, strength, route of administration, quality, performance, and intended use, but does not carry the brand name.
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Gertrude B. Elion
Gertrude Belle Elion (January 23, 1918 – February 21, 1999) was an American biochemist and pharmacologist, who shared the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with George H. Hitchings and Sir James Black.
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Glucose 6-phosphatase
Glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes glucose-6-phosphate, resulting in the creation of a phosphate group and free glucose.
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Glutamate (neurotransmitter)
In neuroscience, glutamate refers to the anion of glutamic acid in its role as a neurotransmitter: a chemical that nerve cells use to send signals to other cells.
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Glycogen storage disease
A glycogen storage disease (GSD, also glycogenosis and dextrinosis) is a metabolic disorder caused by enzyme deficiencies affecting either glycogen synthesis, glycogen breakdown or glycolysis (glucose breakdown), typically within muscles and/or liver cells.
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Gout
Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis characterized by recurrent attacks of a red, tender, hot, and swollen joint.
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Guanosine monophosphate
Guanosine monophosphate (GMP), also known as 5'-guanidylic acid or guanylic acid (conjugate base guanylate), is a nucleotide that is used as a monomer in RNA.
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Health system
A health system, also sometimes referred to as health care system or as healthcare system, is the organization of people, institutions, and resources that deliver health care services to meet the health needs of target populations.
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Hepatitis
Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver tissue.
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Hyperuricemia
Hyperuricemia is an abnormally high level of uric acid in the blood.
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Hypoxanthine
Hypoxanthine is a naturally occurring purine derivative.
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Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase
Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) is an enzyme encoded in humans by the HPRT1 gene.
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Inflammatory bowel disease
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine.
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Interstitial nephritis
Interstitial nephritis (or tubulo-interstitial nephritis) is a form of nephritis affecting the interstitium of the kidneys surrounding the tubules, i.e., is inflammation of the spaces between renal tubules.
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Intravenous therapy
Intravenous therapy (IV) is a therapy that delivers liquid substances directly into a vein (intra- + ven- + -ous).
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Isomer
An isomer (from Greek ἰσομερής, isomerès; isos.
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Kidney
The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs present in left and right sides of the body in vertebrates.
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Kidney failure
Kidney failure, also known as end-stage kidney disease, is a medical condition in which the kidneys no longer work.
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Kidney stone disease
Kidney stone disease, also known as urolithiasis, is when a solid piece of material (kidney stone) occurs in the urinary tract.
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Lesch–Nyhan syndrome
Lesch–Nyhan syndrome (LNS), also known as juvenile gout, is a rare inherited disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT), produced by mutations in the HPRT gene located on the X chromosome.
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Lesinurad/allopurinol
Lesinurad/allopurinol (trade name Duzallo) is a fixed-dose combination drug for the treatment of gout.
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Mercaptopurine
Mercaptopurine (6-MP), sold under the brand name Purinethol among others, is a medication used for cancer and autoimmune diseases.
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Metabolite
A metabolite is the intermediate end product of metabolism.
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Oxipurinol
Oxipurinol (INN, or oxypurinol USAN) is an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase.
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Peripheral neuropathy
Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is damage to or disease affecting nerves, which may impair sensation, movement, gland or organ function, or other aspects of health, depending on the type of nerve affected.
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Phenytoin
Phenytoin (PHT), sold under the brand name Dilantin among others, is an anti-seizure medication.
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Pregnancy
Pregnancy, also known as gestation, is the time during which one or more offspring develops inside a woman.
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Procarbazine
Procarbazine is a chemotherapy medication used for the treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma and brain cancers.
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Purine
A purine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound that consists of a pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring.
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Ribonucleotide
In biochemistry, a ribonucleotide or ribotide is a nucleotide containing ribose as its pentose component.
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Ribose-phosphate diphosphokinase
Ribose-phosphate diphosphokinase (or phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase or ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase) is an enzyme that converts ribose 5-phosphate into phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP).
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Salicylic acid
Salicylic acid (from Latin salix, willow tree) is a lipophilic monohydroxybenzoic acid, a type of phenolic acid, and a beta hydroxy acid (BHA).
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Springer Science+Business Media
Springer Science+Business Media or Springer, part of Springer Nature since 2015, is a global publishing company that publishes books, e-books and peer-reviewed journals in science, humanities, technical and medical (STM) publishing.
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Stevens–Johnson syndrome
Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a type of severe skin reaction.
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Theophylline
Theophylline, also known as 1,3-dimethylxanthine, is a methylxanthine drug used in therapy for respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma under a variety of brand names.
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Thiopurine
The thiopurine drugs are purine antimetabolites widely used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia, autoimmune disorders (e.g., Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis), and organ transplant recipients.
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Thiopurine methyltransferase
Thiopurine methyltransferase or thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TPMT gene.
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Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is a type of severe skin reaction.
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Tumor lysis syndrome
Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a group of metabolic abnormalities that can occur as a complication during the treatment of cancer, where large amounts of tumor cells are killed off (lysed) at the same time by the treatment, releasing their contents into the bloodstream.
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Urate oxidase
The enzyme urate oxidase (UO), or uricase or factor-independent urate hydroxylase, absent in humans, catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to 5-hydroxyisourate.
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Uric acid
Uric acid is a heterocyclic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen with the formula C5H4N4O3.
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Uricosuric
Uricosuric medications (drugs) are substances that increase the excretion of uric acid in the urine, thus reducing the concentration of uric acid in blood plasma.
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Vidarabine
Vidarabine or 9-β-D-arabinofuranosyladenine (ara-A) is an antiviral drug which is active against herpes simplex and varicella zoster viruses.
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Vomiting
Vomiting, also known as emesis, puking, barfing, throwing up, among other terms, is the involuntary, forceful expulsion of the contents of one's stomach through the mouth and sometimes the nose.
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Warfarin
Warfarin, sold under the brand name Coumadin among others, is a medication that is used as an anticoagulant (blood thinner).
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Wellcome Research Laboratories
Wellcome Research Laboratories was a site in Beckenham, south-east London, that was a main research centre for pharmaceuticals.
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WHO Model List of Essential Medicines
The WHO Model List of Essential Medicines (EML), published by the World Health Organization (WHO), contains the medications considered to be most effective and safe to meet the most important needs in a health system.
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Xanthine
Xanthine (or; archaically xanthic acid) (3,7-dihydropurine-2,6-dione), is a purine base found in most human body tissues and fluids and in other organisms.
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Xanthine oxidase
Xanthine oxidase (XO, sometimes XAO) is a form of xanthine oxidoreductase, a type of enzyme that generates reactive oxygen species.
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Xanthine oxidase inhibitor
A xanthine oxidase inhibitor is any substance that inhibits the activity of xanthine oxidase, an enzyme involved in purine metabolism.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allopurinol
