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90 relations: Adjective, Affirmation and negation, Anaphora (linguistics), Antecedent (grammar), Binding (linguistics), Bulgarian pronouns, Cantonese pronouns, Cataphora, Chinese pronouns, Clusivity, Complement (linguistics), Czech language, Deixis, Demonstrative, Determiner, Determiner phrase, Dionysius Thrax, Disjunctive pronoun, Distributive pronoun, Dummy pronoun, English personal pronouns, French language, French personal pronouns, French pronouns, Generic antecedent, Generic you, German pronouns, Government and binding theory, Grammar, Grammatical case, Grammatical gender, Grammatical number, Grammatical person, Head (linguistics), Inalienable possession, Indefinite pronoun, Intensive pronoun, Interrogative word, Japanese pronouns, Korean pronouns, Latin, Linguistics, List of glossing abbreviations, Macedonian pronouns, Middle French, Noun, Noun phrase, Object (grammar), Object pronoun, Old English grammar, ..., One (pronoun), Oxford University Press, Part of speech, Paul Postal, Personal pronoun, Phi features, Portuguese personal pronouns, Possession (linguistics), Possessive, Possessive determiner, Preposition and postposition, Prepositional pronoun, Pro-form, Pronoun game, Prop-word, Proto-Indo-European pronouns, Reciprocal pronoun, Referent, Reflexive pronoun, Relative clause, Relative pronoun, Resumptive pronoun, Singular they, Slovene pronouns, Spanish pronouns, Standard Chinese, Subcategorization, Subject (grammar), Subject pronoun, Syntactic expletive, Syntactic movement, T–V distinction, The Art of Grammar, They, Third-person pronoun, Thou, Transitivity (grammar), Valency (linguistics), Vietnamese pronouns, Who (pronoun). Expand index (40 more) »
Adjective
In linguistics, an adjective (abbreviated) is a describing word, the main syntactic role of which is to qualify a noun or noun phrase, giving more information about the object signified.
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Affirmation and negation
In linguistics and grammar, affirmation and negation (abbreviated respectively and) are the ways that grammar encode negative and positive polarity in verb phrases, clauses, or other utterances.
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Anaphora (linguistics)
In linguistics, anaphora is the use of an expression whose interpretation depends upon another expression in context (its antecedent or postcedent).
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Antecedent (grammar)
In grammar, an antecedent is an expression (word, phrase, clause, sentence, etc.) that gives its meaning to a proform (pronoun, pro-verb, pro-adverb, etc.). A proform takes its meaning from its antecedent, e.g. "Ava arrived late because traffic held her up".
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Binding (linguistics)
In linguistics, binding is the distribution of anaphoric elements (pronouns and other pro-forms).
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Bulgarian pronouns
Bulgarian pronouns vary in gender, number, definiteness and case.
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Cantonese pronouns
Pronouns in Cantonese are less numerous than their Indo-European languages counterparts.
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Cataphora
In linguistics, cataphora (from Greek, καταφορά, kataphora, “a downward motion” from κατά, kata, “downwards” and φέρω, pherō, “I carry”) is the use of an expression or word that co-refers with a later, more specific, expression in the discourse.
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Chinese pronouns
Chinese pronouns differ somewhat from pronouns in English and other Indo-European languages.
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Clusivity
In linguistics, clusivity is a grammatical distinction between inclusive and exclusive first-person pronouns and verbal morphology, also called inclusive "we" and exclusive "we".
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Complement (linguistics)
In grammar, a complement is a word, phrase or clause that is necessary to complete the meaning of a given expression.
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Czech language
Czech (čeština), historically also Bohemian (lingua Bohemica in Latin), is a West Slavic language of the Czech–Slovak group.
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Deixis
In linguistics, deixis refers to words and phrases, such as “me” or “here”, that cannot be fully understood without additional contextual information -- in this case, the identity of the speaker (“me”) and the speaker's location (“here”).
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Demonstrative
Demonstratives (abbreviated) are words, such as this and that, used to indicate which entities are being referred to and to distinguish those entities from others.
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Determiner
A determiner, also called determinative (abbreviated), is a word, phrase, or affix that occurs together with a noun or noun phrase and serves to express the reference of that noun or noun phrase in the context.
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Determiner phrase
In linguistics, a determiner phrase (DP) is a type of phrase posited by some theories of syntax.
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Dionysius Thrax
Dionysius Thrax (Διονύσιος ὁ Θρᾷξ,, Contemporary Koine:; 170–90 BC) was a Hellenistic grammarian and a pupil of Aristarchus of Samothrace.
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Disjunctive pronoun
A disjunctive pronoun is a stressed form of a personal pronoun reserved for use in isolation or in certain syntactic contexts.
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Distributive pronoun
A distributive pronoun considers members of a group separately, rather than collectively.
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Dummy pronoun
A dummy pronoun, also called an expletive pronoun or pleonastic pronoun, is a pronoun used to fulfill the syntactical requirements without providing explicit meaning.
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English personal pronouns
The personal pronouns in English take various forms according to number, person, case and natural gender.
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French language
French (le français or la langue française) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.
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French personal pronouns
French personal pronouns (analogous to English I, we, you, and so on) reflect the person and number of their referent, and in the case of the third person, its gender as well (much like the English distinction between him and her, except that French draws this distinction among inanimate nouns as well).
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French pronouns
French pronouns are inflected to indicate their role in the sentence (subject, direct object, and so on), as well as to reflect the person, gender, and number of their referents.
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Generic antecedent
Generic antecedents are representatives of classes, referred to in ordinary language by another word (most often a pronoun), in a situation in which gender is typically unknown or irrelevant.
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Generic you
In English grammar and in particular in casual English, generic you, impersonal you, or indefinite you is the use of the pronoun you to refer to an unspecified person, as opposed to its use as the second person pronoun.
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German pronouns
German pronouns describe a set of German words with specific functions.
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Government and binding theory
Government and binding (GB, GBT) is a theory of syntax and a phrase structure grammar in the tradition of transformational grammar developed principally by Noam Chomsky in the 1980s.
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Grammar
In linguistics, grammar (from Greek: γραμματική) is the set of structural rules governing the composition of clauses, phrases, and words in any given natural language.
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Grammatical case
Case is a special grammatical category of a noun, pronoun, adjective, participle or numeral whose value reflects the grammatical function performed by that word in a phrase, clause or sentence.
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Grammatical gender
In linguistics, grammatical gender is a specific form of noun class system in which the division of noun classes forms an agreement system with another aspect of the language, such as adjectives, articles, pronouns, or verbs.
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Grammatical number
In linguistics, grammatical number is a grammatical category of nouns, pronouns, and adjective and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two", or "three or more").
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Grammatical person
Grammatical person, in linguistics, is the grammatical distinction between deictic references to participant(s) in an event; typically the distinction is between the speaker (first person), the addressee (second person), and others (third person).
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Head (linguistics)
In linguistics, the head or nucleus of a phrase is the word that determines the syntactic category of that phrase.
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Inalienable possession
In linguistics, inalienable possession (abbreviated) is a type of possession in which a noun is obligatorily possessed by its possessor.
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Indefinite pronoun
An indefinite pronoun is a pronoun that refers to non-specific beings, objects, or places.
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Intensive pronoun
An intensive pronoun adds emphasis to a statement; for example, "I did it myself." While English intensive pronouns (e.g., myself, yourself, himself,herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves) use the same form as reflexive pronouns, an intensive pronoun is different from a reflexive because the pronoun can be removed without altering the meaning of the sentence.
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Interrogative word
An interrogative word or question word is a function word used to ask a question, such as what, when, where, who, whom, why, and how.
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Japanese pronouns
Japanese pronouns (or Japanese deictic classifiers) are words in the Japanese language used to address or refer to present people or things, where present means people or things that can be pointed at.
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Korean pronouns
Korean pronouns pose some difficulty to speakers of English due to their complexity.
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Latin
Latin (Latin: lingua latīna) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
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Linguistics
Linguistics is the scientific study of language, and involves an analysis of language form, language meaning, and language in context.
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List of glossing abbreviations
This page lists common abbreviations for grammatical terms that are used in linguistic interlinear glossing.
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Macedonian pronouns
A pronoun (заменка) is a substitute for a noun or a noun phrase, or things previously mentioned or understood from the context.
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Middle French
Middle French (le moyen français) is a historical division of the French language that covers the period from the 14th to the early 17th centuries.
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Noun
A noun (from Latin nōmen, literally meaning "name") is a word that functions as the name of some specific thing or set of things, such as living creatures, objects, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, or ideas.
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Noun phrase
A noun phrase or nominal phrase (abbreviated NP) is a phrase which has a noun (or indefinite pronoun) as its head, or which performs the same grammatical function as such a phrase.
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Object (grammar)
Traditional grammar defines the object in a sentence as the entity that is acted upon by the subject.
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Object pronoun
In linguistics, an object pronoun is a personal pronoun that is used typically as a grammatical object: the direct or indirect object of a verb, or the object of a preposition.
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Old English grammar
The grammar of Old English is quite different from that of Modern English, predominantly by being much more inflected.
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One (pronoun)
One is a pronoun in the English language.
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Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.
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Part of speech
In traditional grammar, a part of speech (abbreviated form: PoS or POS) is a category of words (or, more generally, of lexical items) which have similar grammatical properties.
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Paul Postal
Paul Martin Postal (born November 10, 1936 in Weehawken, New Jersey) is an American linguist and member of the faculty of New York University.
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Personal pronoun
Personal pronouns are pronouns that are associated primarily with a particular grammatical person – first person (as I), second person (as you), or third person (as he, she, it, they).
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Phi features
In linguistics, phi features are the semantic features of person, number, and gender, as encoded in such words as nouns and pronouns (which are said to consist only of phi-features, containing no lexical head).
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Portuguese personal pronouns
The Portuguese personal pronouns and possessives display a higher degree of inflection than other parts of speech.
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Possession (linguistics)
Possession, in the context of linguistics, is an asymmetric relationship between two constituents, the referent of one of which (the possessor) in some sense possesses (owns, has as a part, rules over, etc.) the referent of the other (the possessed).
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Possessive
A possessive form (abbreviated) is a word or grammatical construction used to indicate a relationship of possession in a broad sense.
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Possessive determiner
Possessive determiners constitute a sub-class of determiners which modify a noun by attributing possession (or other sense of belonging) to someone or something.
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Preposition and postposition
Prepositions and postpositions, together called adpositions (or broadly, in English, simply prepositions), are a class of words used to express spatial or temporal relations (in, under, towards, before) or mark various semantic roles (of, for).
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Prepositional pronoun
A prepositional pronoun is a special form of a personal pronoun that is used as the object of a preposition.
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Pro-form
In linguistics, a pro-form is a type of function word or expression that stands in for (expresses the same content as) another word, phrase, clause or sentence where the meaning is recoverable from the context.
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Pronoun game
"Playing the pronoun game" is the act of concealing sexual orientation in conversation by not using a gender-specific pronoun for a partner or a lover, which would reveal the sexual orientation of the person speaking.
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Prop-word
A prop-word is a word with little or no semantic content, used to provide a "support" on which to hang a modifier.
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Proto-Indo-European pronouns
Proto-Indo-European pronouns have been reconstructed by modern linguists, based on similarities found across all Indo-European languages.
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Reciprocal pronoun
Reciprocal pronouns are a type of pronoun which can be used to refer to a noun phrase mentioned earlier in a sentence.
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Referent
A referent is a person or thing to which a name – a linguistic expression or other symbol – refers.
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Reflexive pronoun
In language, a reflexive pronoun, sometimes simply called a reflexive, is a pronoun that is preceded or followed by the noun, adjective, adverb or pronoun to which it refers (its antecedent) within the same clause.
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Relative clause
A relative clause is a kind of subordinate clause that contains the element whose interpretation is provided by an antecedent on which the subordinate clause is grammatically dependent; that is, there is an anaphora relation between the relativized element in the relative clause and antecedent on which it depends.
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Relative pronoun
A relative pronoun marks a relative clause; it has the same referent in the main clause of a sentence that the relative modifies.
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Resumptive pronoun
A resumptive pronoun is a personal pronoun appearing in a relative clause, which restates the antecedent after a pause or interruption (such as an embedded clause, series of adjectives, or a wh-island).
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Singular they
Singular they is the use in English of the pronoun they or its inflected or derivative forms, them, their, theirs, and themselves (or themself), as an epicene (gender-neutral) singular pronoun.
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Slovene pronouns
The Slovene language has a range of pronouns that in some ways work quite differently from English ones.
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Spanish pronouns
Spanish pronouns in some ways work quite differently from their English counterparts.
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Standard Chinese
Standard Chinese, also known as Modern Standard Mandarin, Standard Mandarin, or simply Mandarin, is a standard variety of Chinese that is the sole official language of both China and Taiwan (de facto), and also one of the four official languages of Singapore.
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Subcategorization
In linguistics, subcategorization denotes the ability/necessity for lexical items (usually verbs) to require/allow the presence and types of the syntactic arguments with which they co-occur.
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Subject (grammar)
The subject in a simple English sentence such as John runs, John is a teacher, or John was hit by a car is the person or thing about whom the statement is made, in this case 'John'.
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Subject pronoun
In linguistics, a subject pronoun is a personal pronoun that is used as the subject of a verb.
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Syntactic expletive
A syntactic expletive (abbreviated) is a word that performs a syntactic role but contributes nothing to meaning.
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Syntactic movement
Syntactic movement is the means by which some theories of syntax address discontinuities.
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T–V distinction
In sociolinguistics, a T–V distinction (from the Latin pronouns tu and vos) is a contrast, within one language, between various forms of addressing one's conversation partner or partners that are specialized for varying levels of politeness, social distance, courtesy, familiarity, age or insult toward the addressee.
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The Art of Grammar
The Art of Grammar (Τέχνη Γραμματική or (romanized) Téchnē Grammatikḗ) is a treatise on Greek grammar, attributed to Dionysius Thrax, who wrote in the 2nd century BC.
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They
They is the third-person plural personal pronoun (subjective case) in Modern English.
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Third-person pronoun
A third-person pronoun is a pronoun that refers to an entity other than the speaker or listener.
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Thou
The word thou is a second person singular pronoun in English.
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Transitivity (grammar)
In linguistics, transitivity is a property of verbs that relates to whether a verb can take direct objects and how many such objects a verb can take.
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Valency (linguistics)
In linguistics, verb valency or valence is the number of arguments controlled by a verbal predicate.
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Vietnamese pronouns
In general, a Vietnamese pronoun can serve as a noun phrase.
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Who (pronoun)
The pronoun who, in English, is an interrogative pronoun and a relative pronoun, used chiefly to refer to humans.
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Redirects here:
Pro-noun, Pronomen, Pronominal, Pronominalization, Prononmial, Pronouns.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronoun
