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Proprietary software

Index Proprietary software

Proprietary software is non-free computer software for which the software's publisher or another person retains intellectual property rights—usually copyright of the source code, but sometimes patent rights. [1]

134 relations: Abandonware, Adobe Flash Player, Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Systems, Altair BASIC, Apple Computer, Inc. v. Franklin Computer Corp., Apple Inc., Application programming interface, Arx Fatalis, Backdoor (computing), Bill Gates, BIND, Brewster Kahle, Business models for open-source software, Business software, C++, Central processing unit, Cheating in online games, Click wrap, Commercial off-the-shelf, Commercial software, Communication protocol, Comparison of open-source and closed-source software, Competition law, Compiler, Computerworld, Contract, Copy protection, Copyright, Copyright Act of 1976, Copyright infringement, Crash (computing), Crippleware, Decompiler, Dongle, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, Edward Snowden, End-of-life (product), End-user license agreement, European Commission, Exclusive right, First-sale doctrine, Free and open-source software, Free software, Free Software Foundation, Free software license, Freeware, Google Earth, Government of China, High-level programming language, ..., IBM, Id Software, IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, Intellectual property, IOS SDK, ITunes, IWork, Java (programming language), Java bytecode, JavaScript, Kernel (operating system), Laptop, Lease, Library (computing), List of commercial software with available source code, List of commercial video games with available source code, List of Doom source ports, List of proprietary software for Linux, Machine code, MacOS, MacOS Sierra, Mainframe computer, Malware, Microsoft, Microsoft Office 2007, Microsoft Windows, MIT Press, Mulayam Singh Yadav, Multi-licensing, MySQL, National Security Agency, Non-disclosure agreement, Obfuscation (software), Object code, Open Letter to Hobbyists, Open-source license, Open-source model, Open-source software, Orphan work, Patent, Patentable subject matter, PHP, Pine (email client), Planned obsolescence, PlayStation 3 system software, Product activation, Product key, Programming language, Proprietary hardware, Research and development, Retail software, Reverse engineering, Run time (program lifecycle phase), Sales, Screensaver, Scripting language, Secure Shell, Security through obscurity, Sendmail, Shared source, Shareware, Shrink wrap contract, Skype, Software bug, Software copyright, Software patent, Source code, Standard form contract, The Inquirer, Trade secret, United States, United States courts of appeals, University of Richmond School of Law, Unix, Unofficial patch, VBulletin, Vendor lock-in, Windows API, Windows Vista editions, Windows XP, Windows XP editions, WinRAR, X Window System, 3D Realms. Expand index (84 more) »

Abandonware

Abandonware is a product, typically software, ignored by its owner and manufacturer, and for which no support is available.

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Adobe Flash Player

Adobe Flash Player (labeled Shockwave Flash in Internet Explorer and Firefox) is freeware for using content created on the Adobe Flash platform, including viewing multimedia contents, executing rich Internet applications, and streaming audio and video.

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Adobe Photoshop

Adobe Photoshop is a raster graphics editor developed and published by Adobe Systems for macOS and Windows.

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Adobe Systems

Adobe Systems Incorporated, commonly known as Adobe, is an American multinational computer software company.

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Altair BASIC

Altair BASIC is a discontinued interpreter for the BASIC programming language that ran on the MITS Altair 8800 and subsequent S-100 bus computers.

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Apple Computer, Inc. v. Franklin Computer Corp.

Apple Computer, Inc.

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Apple Inc.

Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.

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Application programming interface

In computer programming, an application programming interface (API) is a set of subroutine definitions, protocols, and tools for building software.

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Arx Fatalis

Arx Fatalis is a role-playing video game for the Xbox and Microsoft Windows, released on 12 November 2002 by Arkane Studios, a video game developer based in Lyon, France.

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Backdoor (computing)

A backdoor is a method, often secret, of bypassing normal authentication or encryption in a computer system, a product, or an embedded device (e.g. a home router), or its embodiment, e.g. as part of a cryptosystem, an algorithm, a chipset, or a "homunculus computer" (such as that as found in Intel's AMT technology).

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Bill Gates

William Henry Gates III (born October 28, 1955) is an American business magnate, investor, author, philanthropist, humanitarian, and principal founder of Microsoft Corporation.

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BIND

BIND, or named, is the most widely used Domain Name System (DNS) software on the Internet.

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Brewster Kahle

Brewster Kahle (born October 22, 1960), via juggle.com.

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Business models for open-source software

Open-source software is widely used both as independent applications and as components in non-open-source applications.

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Business software

Business software or a business application is any software or set of computer programs used by business users to perform various business functions.

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C++

C++ ("see plus plus") is a general-purpose programming language.

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Central processing unit

A central processing unit (CPU) is the electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out the instructions of a computer program by performing the basic arithmetic, logical, control and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions.

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Cheating in online games

Cheating in online games is defined as the action of pretending to comply with the rules of the game, while secretly subverting them to gain an unfair advantage over an opponent.

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Click wrap

A clickwrap or clickthrough agreement or license is a common type of agreement for software licenses where the user electronically indicates their acceptance in order to use the software.

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Commercial off-the-shelf

Commercial off-the-shelf or commercially available off-the-shelf (COTS) satisfy the needs of the purchasing organization, without the need to commission custom-made, or bespoke, solutions.

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Commercial software

Commercial software, or seldom payware, is computer software that is produced for sale or that serves commercial purposes.

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Communication protocol

In telecommunication, a communication protocol is a system of rules that allow two or more entities of a communications system to transmit information via any kind of variation of a physical quantity.

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Comparison of open-source and closed-source software

Free/open-source software – the source availability model used by free and open-source software (FOSS) – and closed source are two approaches to the distribution of software.

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Competition law

Competition law is a law that promotes or seeks to maintain market competition by regulating anti-competitive conduct by companies.

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Compiler

A compiler is computer software that transforms computer code written in one programming language (the source language) into another programming language (the target language).

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Computerworld

Computerworld is a publication website and digital magazine for information technology (IT) and business technology professionals.

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Contract

A contract is a promise or set of promises that are legally enforceable and, if violated, allow the injured party access to legal remedies.

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Copy protection

Copy protection, also known as content protection, copy prevention and copy restriction, is any effort designed to prevent the reproduction of software, films, music, and other media, usually for copyright reasons.

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Copyright

Copyright is a legal right, existing globally in many countries, that basically grants the creator of an original work exclusive rights to determine and decide whether, and under what conditions, this original work may be used by others.

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Copyright Act of 1976

The Copyright Act of 1976 is a United States copyright law and remains the primary basis of copyright law in the United States, as amended by several later enacted copyright provisions.

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Copyright infringement

Copyright infringement is the use of works protected by copyright law without permission, infringing certain exclusive rights granted to the copyright holder, such as the right to reproduce, distribute, display or perform the protected work, or to make derivative works.

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Crash (computing)

In computing, a crash (or system crash) occurs when a computer program, such as a software application or an operating system, stops functioning properly and exits.

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Crippleware

Crippleware has been defined in realms of both software and hardware.

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Decompiler

A decompiler is a computer program that takes an executable file as input, and attempts to create a high level source file which can be recompiled successfully.

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Dongle

A dongle is a small piece of hardware that connects to another device to provide it with additional functionality.

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Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a network management protocol used on UDP/IP networks whereby a DHCP server dynamically assigns an IP address and other network configuration parameters to each device on a network so they can communicate with other IP networks.

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Edward Snowden

Edward Joseph Snowden (born June 21, 1983) is an American computer professional, former Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) employee, and former contractor for the United States government who copied and leaked classified information from the National Security Agency (NSA) in 2013 without authorization.

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End-of-life (product)

"End-of-life" (EOL) is a term used with respect to a product supplied to customers, indicating that the product is in the end of its useful life (from the vendor's point of view), and a vendor stops marketing, selling, or rework sustaining it.

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End-user license agreement

In proprietary software, an end-user license agreement (EULA) or software license agreement is the contract between the licensor and purchaser, establishing the purchaser's right to use the software.

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European Commission

The European Commission (EC) is an institution of the European Union, responsible for proposing legislation, implementing decisions, upholding the EU treaties and managing the day-to-day business of the EU.

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Exclusive right

In Anglo-Saxon law, an exclusive right, or exclusivity, is a de facto, non-tangible prerogative existing in law (that is, the power or, in a wider sense, right) to perform an action or acquire a benefit and to permit or deny others the right to perform the same action or to acquire the same benefit.

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First-sale doctrine

The first-sale doctrine is a legal concept playing an important role in U.S. copyright and trademark law by limiting certain rights of a copyright or trademark owner.

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Free and open-source software

Free and open-source software (FOSS) is software that can be classified as both free software and open-source software.

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Free software

Free software or libre software is computer software distributed under terms that allow users to run the software for any purpose as well as to study, change, and distribute it and any adapted versions.

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Free Software Foundation

The Free Software Foundation (FSF) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization founded by Richard Stallman on 4 October 1985 to support the free software movement, which promotes the universal freedom to study, distribute, create, and modify computer software, with the organization's preference for software being distributed under copyleft ("share alike") terms, such as with its own GNU General Public License.

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Free software license

A free software license is a notice that grants the recipient of a piece of software extensive rights to modify and redistribute that software.

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Freeware

Freeware is software that is available for use at no monetary cost.

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Google Earth

Google Earth is a computer program that renders a 3D representation of Earth based on satellite imagery.

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Government of China

The central government of the People's Republic of China is divided among several state organs.

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High-level programming language

In computer science, a high-level programming language is a programming language with strong abstraction from the details of the computer.

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IBM

The International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States, with operations in over 170 countries.

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Id Software

id Software LLC (see Company name) is an American video game developer headquartered in Dallas, Texas.

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IEEE Annals of the History of Computing

The IEEE Annals of the History of Computing is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the IEEE Computer Society.

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Intellectual property

Intellectual property (IP) is a category of property that includes intangible creations of the human intellect, and primarily encompasses copyrights, patents, and trademarks.

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IOS SDK

The iOS SDK (Software Development Kit) (formerly iPhone SDK) is a software development kit developed by Apple Inc. The kit allows for the development of mobile apps on Apple's iOS operating system.

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ITunes

iTunes is a media player, media library, Internet radio broadcaster, and mobile device management application developed by Apple Inc. It was announced on January 9, 2001.

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IWork

iWork is an office suite of applications created by Apple Inc. for its macOS and iOS operating systems, and also available cross-platform through the iCloud website.

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Java (programming language)

Java is a general-purpose computer-programming language that is concurrent, class-based, object-oriented, and specifically designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible.

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Java bytecode

Java bytecode is the instruction set of the Java virtual machine (JVM).

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JavaScript

JavaScript, often abbreviated as JS, is a high-level, interpreted programming language.

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Kernel (operating system)

The kernel is a computer program that is the core of a computer's operating system, with complete control over everything in the system.

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Laptop

A laptop, also called a notebook computer or just notebook, is a small, portable personal computer with a "clamshell" form factor, having, typically, a thin LCD or LED computer screen mounted on the inside of the upper lid of the "clamshell" and an alphanumeric keyboard on the inside of the lower lid.

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Lease

A lease is a contractual arrangement calling for the lessee (user) to pay the lessor (owner) for use of an asset.

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Library (computing)

In computer science, a library is a collection of non-volatile resources used by computer programs, often for software development.

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List of commercial software with available source code

This is a list of notable software which were originally developed as commercial (and/or proprietary) software product with the source now available (in contrast to software which is developed from the beginning as free and open source software).

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List of commercial video games with available source code

The source code of these commercially developed and distributed video games is available to the public or the games' communities.

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List of Doom source ports

This article is a list of unofficial source ports of the Doom engine, which was originally used in the video game Doom.

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List of proprietary software for Linux

Linux is an open-source kernel and usually comes bundled with free and open source software; however, proprietary software for Linux does exist and is available to end-users.

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Machine code

Machine code is a computer program written in machine language instructions that can be executed directly by a computer's central processing unit (CPU).

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MacOS

macOS (previously and later) is a series of graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Apple Inc. since 2001.

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MacOS Sierra

macOS Sierra (version 10.12) is the thirteenth major release of macOS (previously), Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers.

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Mainframe computer

Mainframe computers (colloquially referred to as "big iron") are computers used primarily by large organizations for critical applications; bulk data processing, such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning; and transaction processing.

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Malware

Malware (a portmanteau for malicious software) is any software intentionally designed to cause damage to a computer, server or computer network.

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Microsoft

Microsoft Corporation (abbreviated as MS) is an American multinational technology company with headquarters in Redmond, Washington.

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Microsoft Office 2007

Microsoft Office 2007 (codenamed Office 12) is a version of Microsoft Office, a family of office suites and productivity software for Windows, developed and published by Microsoft.

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Microsoft Windows

Microsoft Windows is a group of several graphical operating system families, all of which are developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft.

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MIT Press

The MIT Press is a university press affiliated with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts (United States).

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Mulayam Singh Yadav

Mulayam Singh Yadav (born 21 November 1939) is an Indian politician from Uttar Pradesh and the founder of the Samajwadi Party.

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Multi-licensing

Multi-licensing is the practice of distributing software under two or more different sets of terms and conditions.

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MySQL

MySQL ("My S-Q-L") is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS).

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National Security Agency

The National Security Agency (NSA) is a national-level intelligence agency of the United States Department of Defense, under the authority of the Director of National Intelligence.

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Non-disclosure agreement

A non-disclosure agreement (NDA), also known as a confidentiality agreement (CA), confidential disclosure agreement (CDA), proprietary information agreement (PIA) or secrecy agreement (SA), is a legal contract between at least two parties that outlines confidential material, knowledge, or information that the parties wish to share with one another for certain purposes, but wish to restrict access to or by third parties.

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Obfuscation (software)

In software development, obfuscation is the deliberate act of creating source or machine code that is difficult for humans to understand.

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Object code

In computing, object code or object module is the product of a compiler.

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Open Letter to Hobbyists

The Open Letter to Hobbyists was a 1976 open letter written by Bill Gates, the co-founder of Microsoft, to early personal computer hobbyists, in which Gates expresses dismay at the rampant copyright infringement of software taking place in the hobbyist community, particularly with regard to his company's software.

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Open-source license

An open-source license is a type of license for computer software and other products that allows the source code, blueprint or design to be used, modified and/or shared under defined terms and conditions.

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Open-source model

The open-source model is a decentralized software-development model that encourages open collaboration.

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Open-source software

Open-source software (OSS) is a type of computer software whose source code is released under a license in which the copyright holder grants users the rights to study, change, and distribute the software to anyone and for any purpose.

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Orphan work

An orphan work is a copyright protected work for which rightsholders are positively indeterminate or uncontactable.

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Patent

A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a sovereign state or intergovernmental organization to an inventor or assignee for a limited period of time in exchange for detailed public disclosure of an invention.

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Patentable subject matter

Patentable, statutory or patent-eligible subject matter is subject matter which is susceptible of patent protection.

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PHP

PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor (or simply PHP) is a server-side scripting language designed for Web development, but also used as a general-purpose programming language.

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Pine (email client)

Pine is a freeware, text-based email client which was developed at the University of Washington.

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Planned obsolescence

Planned obsolescence, or built-in obsolescence, in industrial design and economics is a policy of planning or designing a product with an artificially limited useful life, so it will become obsolete (that is, unfashionable or no longer functional) after a certain period of time.

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PlayStation 3 system software

The PlayStation 3 system software is the updatable firmware and operating system of the PlayStation 3.

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Product activation

Product activation is a license validation procedure required by some proprietary computer software programs.

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Product key

A product key, also known as a software key, is a specific software-based key for a computer program.

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Programming language

A programming language is a formal language that specifies a set of instructions that can be used to produce various kinds of output.

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Proprietary hardware

Proprietary hardware is computer hardware whose interface is controlled by the proprietor, often under patent or trade-secret protection.

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Research and development

Research and development (R&D, R+D, or R'n'D), also known in Europe as research and technological development (RTD), refers to innovative activities undertaken by corporations or governments in developing new services or products, or improving existing services or products.

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Retail software

Retail software is computer software typically installed on PC type computers or more recently (past 2005) delivered via the Internet (also known as cloud-based).

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Reverse engineering

Reverse engineering, also called back engineering, is the process by which a man-made object is deconstructed to reveal its designs, architecture, or to extract knowledge from the object; similar to scientific research, the only difference being that scientific research is about a natural phenomenon.

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Run time (program lifecycle phase)

In computer science, run time, runtime or execution time is the time during which a program is running (executing), in contrast to other program lifecycle phases such as compile time, link time and load time.

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Sales

Sales is activity related to selling or the amount of goods or services sold in a given time period.

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Screensaver

A screensaver (or screen saver) is a computer program that blanks the screen or fills it with moving images or patterns when the computer is not in use.

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Scripting language

A scripting or script language is a programming language that supports scripts: programs written for a special run-time environment that automate the execution of tasks that could alternatively be executed one-by-one by a human operator.

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Secure Shell

Secure Shell (SSH) is a cryptographic network protocol for operating network services securely over an unsecured network.

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Security through obscurity

In security engineering, security through obscurity (or security by obscurity) is the reliance on the secrecy of the design or implementation as the main method of providing security for a system or component of a system.

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Sendmail

Sendmail is a general purpose internetwork email routing facility that supports many kinds of mail-transfer and delivery methods, including the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) used for email transport over the Internet.

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Shared source

A shared source or source available software source code distribution model includes arrangements where the source can be viewed, and in some cases modified, but without necessarily meeting the criteria to be called open source.

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Shareware

Shareware is a type of proprietary software which is initially provided free of charge to users, who are allowed and encouraged to make and share copies of the program.

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Shrink wrap contract

Shrink wrap contracts are boilerplate contracts packaged with products; usage of the product is deemed acceptance of the contract.

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Skype

Skype is a telecommunications application software product that specializes in providing video chat and voice calls between computers, tablets, mobile devices, the Xbox One console, and smartwatches via the Internet and to regular telephones.

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Software bug

A software bug is an error, flaw, failure or fault in a computer program or system that causes it to produce an incorrect or unexpected result, or to behave in unintended ways.

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Software copyright

Software copyright is the extension of copyright law to machine-readable software.

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Software patent

A software patent is a patent on a piece of software, such as a computer program, libraries, user interface, or algorithm.

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Source code

In computing, source code is any collection of code, possibly with comments, written using a human-readable programming language, usually as plain text.

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Standard form contract

A standard form contract (sometimes referred to as a contract of adhesion, a leonine contract, a take-it-or-leave-it contract, or a boilerplate contract) is a contract between two parties, where the terms and conditions of the contract are set by one of the parties, and the other party has little or no ability to negotiate more favorable terms and is thus placed in a "take it or leave it" position.

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The Inquirer

The Inquirer is a British technology tabloid website founded by Mike Magee after his departure from The Register (of which he was one of the founding members) in 2001.

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Trade secret

A trade secret is a formula, practice, process, design, instrument, pattern, commercial method, or compilation of information not generally known or reasonably ascertainable by others by which a business can obtain an economic advantage over competitors or customers.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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United States courts of appeals

The United States courts of appeals or circuit courts are the intermediate appellate courts of the United States federal court system.

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University of Richmond School of Law

The T. C. Williams School of Law at the University of Richmond (Richmond Law) is a school of the University of Richmond, located in Richmond, Virginia.

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Unix

Unix (trademarked as UNIX) is a family of multitasking, multiuser computer operating systems that derive from the original AT&T Unix, development starting in the 1970s at the Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and others.

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Unofficial patch

An unofficial patch is a non-commercial patch for a piece of software, created by a user community instead of the original developer.

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VBulletin

vBulletin (vB) is a proprietary Internet forum software package developed by vBulletin Solutions, Inc., a division of Internet Brands.

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Vendor lock-in

In economics, vendor lock-in, also known as proprietary lock-in or customer lock-in, makes a customer dependent on a vendor for products and services, unable to use another vendor without substantial switching costs.

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Windows API

The Windows API, informally WinAPI, is Microsoft's core set of application programming interfaces (APIs) available in the Microsoft Windows operating systems.

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Windows Vista editions

Windows Vista—a major release of the Microsoft Windows operating system—was available in six different product editions: Starter; Home Basic; Home Premium; Business; Enterprise; and Ultimate.

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Windows XP

Windows XP (codenamed Whistler) is a personal computer operating system that was produced by Microsoft as part of the Windows NT family of operating systems.

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Windows XP editions

Windows XP has been released in several editions since its original release in 2001.

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WinRAR

WinRAR is a trialware file archiver utility for Windows, developed by Eugene Roshal of win.rar GmbH.

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X Window System

The X Window System (X11, or shortened to simply X) is a windowing system for bitmap displays, common on UNIX-like computer operating systems.

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3D Realms

Apogee Software, Ltd., since 1996 doing business as 3D Realms, is an American video game developer and publisher based in Garland, Texas.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proprietary_software

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