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Protein disulfide-isomerase

Index Protein disulfide-isomerase

Protein disulfide isomerase, or PDI, is an enzyme in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in eukaryotes and the periplasm of bacteria that catalyzes the formation and breakage of disulfide bonds between cysteine residues within proteins as they fold. [1]

51 relations: AGR2, AGR3, Algae, Antigen-presenting cell, Biodegradation, Calsequestrin, CD4, Chaperone (protein), Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chloroplast, Cysteine, Disulfide, DNAJC10, Endoplasmic reticulum, Envelope glycoprotein GP120, Enzyme, Eosin, ERP29, ERP44, Eukaryote, French paradox, Glutathione, HIV, Immune response, Insulin, Isomerase, List of human genes, Lymphocyte, MHC class I, Molar concentration, N-terminus, Oxidoreductase, P4HB, PDIA2, PDIA3, Periplasm, Post-translational modification, Protein, Protein domain, Protein folding, Quenching (fluorescence), Reactive nitrogen species, Ribonuclease, RNA-binding protein, Substrate (chemistry), Thioredoxin, TMX1, TMX3, TMX4, TXNDC12, ..., TXNDC5. Expand index (1 more) »

AGR2

Anterior gradient protein 2 homolog (AGR-2), also known as secreted cement gland protein XAG-2 homolog, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AGR2 gene.

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AGR3

Anterior gradient protein 3 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AGR3 gene.

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Algae

Algae (singular alga) is an informal term for a large, diverse group of photosynthetic organisms that are not necessarily closely related, and is thus polyphyletic.

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Antigen-presenting cell

An antigen-presenting cell (APC) or accessory cell is a cell that displays antigen complexed with major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) on their surfaces; this process is known as antigen presentation.

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Biodegradation

Biodegradation is the disintegration of materials by bacteria, fungi, or other biological means.

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Calsequestrin

Calsequestrin is a calcium-binding protein that acts as a calcium buffer within the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

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CD4

In molecular biology, CD4 (cluster of differentiation 4) is a glycoprotein found on the surface of immune cells such as T helper cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells.

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Chaperone (protein)

In molecular biology, molecular chaperones are proteins that assist the covalent folding or unfolding and the assembly or disassembly of other macromolecular structures.

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Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a single-cell green alga about 10 micrometres in diameter that swims with two flagella.

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Chloroplast

Chloroplasts are organelles, specialized compartments, in plant and algal cells.

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Cysteine

Cysteine (symbol Cys or C) is a semi-essential proteinogenic amino acid with the formula HO2CCH(NH2)CH2SH.

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Disulfide

In chemistry, a disulfide refers to a functional group with the structure R−S−S−R′.

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DNAJC10

DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 10 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNAJC10 gene.

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Endoplasmic reticulum

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a type of organelle found in eukaryotic cells that forms an interconnected network of flattened, membrane-enclosed sacs or tube-like structures known as cisternae.

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Envelope glycoprotein GP120

Envelope glycoprotein GP120 (or gp120) is a glycoprotein exposed on the surface of the HIV envelope.

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Enzyme

Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts.

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Eosin

Eosin is the name of several fluorescent acidic compounds which bind to and form salts with basic, or eosinophilic, compounds like proteins containing amino acid residues such as arginine and lysine, and stains them dark red or pink as a result of the actions of bromine on fluorescein.

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ERP29

Endoplasmic reticulum protein 29 (ERp29) is a chaperone protein that in humans is encoded by the ERP29 gene.

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ERP44

Endoplasmic reticulum resident protein 44 (ERp44) also known as thioredoxin domain-containing protein 4 (TXNDC4) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ERP44 gene.

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Eukaryote

Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes, unlike Prokaryotes (Bacteria and other Archaea).

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French paradox

The French paradox is a catchphrase, first used in the late 1980s, that summarizes the apparently paradoxical epidemiological observation that French people have a relatively low incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD), while having a diet relatively rich in saturated fats, in apparent contradiction to the widely held belief that the high consumption of such fats is a risk factor for CHD.

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Glutathione

Glutathione (GSH) is an important antioxidant in plants, animals, fungi, and some bacteria and archaea.

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HIV

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that causes HIV infection and over time acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

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Immune response

The Immune response is the body's response caused by its immune system being activated by antigens.

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Insulin

Insulin (from Latin insula, island) is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets; it is considered to be the main anabolic hormone of the body.

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Isomerase

Isomerases are a general class of enzymes that convert a molecule from one isomer to another.

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List of human genes

Here are lists of human genes by chromosome.

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Lymphocyte

A lymphocyte is one of the subtypes of white blood cell in a vertebrate's immune system.

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MHC class I

MHC class I molecules are one of two primary classes of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules (the other being MHC class II) and are found on the cell surface of all nucleated cells in the bodies of jawed vertebrates.

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Molar concentration

Molar concentration (also called molarity, amount concentration or substance concentration) is a measure of the concentration of a chemical species, in particular of a solute in a solution, in terms of amount of substance per unit volume of solution.

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N-terminus

The N-terminus (also known as the amino-terminus, NH2-terminus, N-terminal end or amine-terminus) is the start of a protein or polypeptide referring to the free amine group (-NH2) located at the end of a polypeptide.

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Oxidoreductase

In biochemistry, an oxidoreductase is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from one molecule, the reductant, also called the electron donor, to another, the oxidant, also called the electron acceptor.

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P4HB

Protein disulfide-isomerase, also known as the beta-subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4HB), is an enzyme that in humans encoded by the P4HB gene.

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PDIA2

Protein disulfide isomerase family A member 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PDIA2 gene.

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PDIA3

Protein disulfide-isomerase A3 (PDIA3), also known as glucose-regulated protein, 58-kD (GRP58), is an isomerase enzyme.

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Periplasm

The periplasm is a concentrated gel-like matrix in the space between the inner cytoplasmic membrane and the bacterial outer membrane called the periplasmic space in gram-negative bacteria.

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Post-translational modification

Post-translational modification (PTM) refers to the covalent and generally enzymatic modification of proteins following protein biosynthesis.

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Protein

Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.

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Protein domain

A protein domain is a conserved part of a given protein sequence and (tertiary) structure that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain.

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Protein folding

Protein folding is the physical process by which a protein chain acquires its native 3-dimensional structure, a conformation that is usually biologically functional, in an expeditious and reproducible manner.

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Quenching (fluorescence)

Quenching refers to any process which decreases the fluorescence intensity of a given substance.

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Reactive nitrogen species

Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are a family of antimicrobial molecules derived from nitric oxide (•NO) and superoxide (O2•−) produced via the enzymatic activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) and NADPH oxidase respectively.

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Ribonuclease

Ribonuclease (commonly abbreviated RNase) is a type of nuclease that catalyzes the degradation of RNA into smaller components.

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RNA-binding protein

RNA-binding proteins (often abbreviated as RBPs) are proteins that bind to the double or single stranded RNA in cells and participate in forming ribonucleoprotein complexes.

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Substrate (chemistry)

In chemistry, a substrate is typically the chemical species being observed in a chemical reaction, which reacts with a reagent to generate a product.

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Thioredoxin

Thioredoxin is a class of small redox proteins known to be present in all organisms.

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TMX1

Thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMX1 gene.

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TMX3

Protein disulfide-isomerase TMX3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TMX3 gene.

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TMX4

Thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 4 also known as thioredoxin domain-containing protein 13 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMX4 gene.

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TXNDC12

Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 12 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TXNDC12 gene.

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TXNDC5

Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TXNDC5 gene.

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Redirects here:

EC 5.3.4.1, Protein Disulfide Isomerase, Protein disulfide isomerase, Protein disulphide isomerase.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_disulfide-isomerase

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