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Initial public offering

Index Initial public offering

Initial public offering (IPO) or stock market launch is a type of public offering in which shares of a company are sold to institutional investors and usually also retail (individual) investors; an IPO is underwritten by one or more investment banks, who also arrange for the shares to be listed on one or more stock exchanges. [1]

108 relations: Agricultural Bank of China, AIA Group, Alibaba Group, Alternative public offering, Bank of North America, Bear Stearns, Bond (finance), Book building, Bookrunner, Boston Beer Company, Bought deal, Capital market, Convertible bond, Corporate finance, Credit Suisse First Boston, Declaratory judgment, Delivery versus payment, Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation, Direct public offering, Dutch auction, Dutch East India Company, Edward Stringham, Eliot Spitzer, Enel, Facebook, Financial analyst, Financial Conduct Authority, Financial institution, Financial Times, Fixed price, Flipping, Follow-on offering, Form S-1, General Motors, Global Analyst Research Settlements, Google, Greenshoe, Gross spread, Hong Kong Stock Exchange, Indication of interest, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Initial public offering, Institutional investor, Interactive Brokers, Investment banking, Investor, IPO underpricing algorithm, Law firm, Listing (finance), Magic Circle (law firms), ..., Monetization, Morningstar, Inc., Multiunit auction, NASDAQ, New York Stock Exchange, Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, NTT DoCoMo, OpenIPO, Over-the-counter (finance), Overstock.com, Politics of Saudi Arabia, Price discovery, Principal–agent problem, Privately held company, Profit (accounting), Profit (economics), Prospectus (finance), Public company, Public offering, Public offering without listing, Red herring prospectus, Registered representative (securities), Reverse takeover, Richard Sylla, Robert E. Wright, Roman Forum, Roman Republic, Salomon Brothers, Saudi Aramco, Secondary market, Secondary market offering, Securities Act of 1933, Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Securities regulation in the United States, Securitization, Shanghai Stock Exchange, Share (finance), Shenzhen Stock Exchange, Smaller reporting company, Spotify, Stock, Stock certificate, Stock dilution, Stock exchange, Syndicate, Temple of Castor and Pollux, The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, TheGlobe.com, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, Underwriting, Underwriting contract, Underwriting spread, Venture capital, Visa Inc., White-shoe firm, William Vickrey, Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati. Expand index (58 more) »

Agricultural Bank of China

Agricultural Bank of China Limited (ABC), also known as AgBank, is one of the "Big Four" banks in the People's Republic of China.

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AIA Group

AIA Group Limited, known as AIA, is the largest public listed pan-Asian life insurance group.

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Alibaba Group

Alibaba Group Holding Limited is a Chinese multinational e-commerce, retail, Internet, AI and technology conglomerate founded in 1999 that provides consumer-to-consumer, business-to-consumer and business-to-business sales services via web portals, as well as electronic payment services, shopping search engines and cloud computing services.

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Alternative public offering

An alternative public offering (APO) is the combination of a reverse merger with a simultaneous private investment of public equity (PIPE).

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Bank of North America

The President, Directors, and Company, of the Bank of North America, commonly known as the Bank of North America, was a private bank first adopted on May 26, 1781 by the Confederation Congress, chartered on December 31, 1781 and opened in Philadelphia on January 7, 1782.

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Bear Stearns

The Bear Stearns Companies, Inc. was a New York-based global investment bank, securities trading and brokerage firm that failed in 2008 as part of the global financial crisis and recession, and was subsequently sold to JPMorgan Chase.

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Bond (finance)

In finance, a bond is an instrument of indebtedness of the bond issuer to the holders.

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Book building

Book building is a systematic process of generating, capturing, and recording investor demand for shares during an initial public offering (IPO), or other securities during their issuance process, in order to support efficient price discovery.

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Bookrunner

In investment banking, a bookrunner is usually the main underwriter or lead-manager/arranger/coordinator in equity, debt, or hybrid securities issuances.

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Boston Beer Company

The Boston Beer Company is a brewer founded in 1984.

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Bought deal

A bought deal is one form of financial arrangement often associated with an Initial Public Offering.

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Capital market

A capital market is a financial market in which long-term debt (over a year) or equity-backed securities are bought and sold.

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Convertible bond

In finance, a convertible bond or convertible note or convertible debt (or a convertible debenture if it has a maturity of greater than 10 years) is a type of bond that the holder can convert into a specified number of shares of common stock in the issuing company or cash of equal value.

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Corporate finance

Corporate finance is the area of finance dealing with the sources of funding and the capital structure of corporations, the actions that managers take to increase the value of the firm to the shareholders, and the tools and analysis used to allocate financial resources.

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Credit Suisse First Boston

Credit Suisse First Boston (informally CSFB) was the investment banking division of Credit Suisse Group, prior to 2006.

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Declaratory judgment

A declaratory judgment, also called a declaration, is the legal determination of a court that resolves legal uncertainty for the litigants.

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Delivery versus payment

Delivery versus payment or DvP is a common form of settlement for securities.

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Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation

The Depository Trust & Clearing Corporation (DTCC) is an American post-trade financial services company providing clearing and settlement services to the financial markets.

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Direct public offering

A Direct Public Offering (DPO) is a method by which a business can offer an investment opportunity directly to the public.

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Dutch auction

A Dutch auction is one of several similar kinds of auctions.

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Dutch East India Company

The United East India Company, sometimes known as the United East Indies Company (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie; or Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie in modern spelling; abbreviated to VOC), better known to the English-speaking world as the Dutch East India Company or sometimes as the Dutch East Indies Company, was a multinational corporation that was founded in 1602 from a government-backed consolidation of several rival Dutch trading companies.

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Edward Stringham

Edward Peter Stringham (born January 18, 1975) is an Austrian School American economist.

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Eliot Spitzer

Eliot Laurence Spitzer (born June 10, 1959) is a retired American politician, attorney, and educator.

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Enel

No description.

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Facebook

Facebook is an American online social media and social networking service company based in Menlo Park, California.

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Financial analyst

A financial analyst, securities analyst, research analyst, equity analyst, investment analyst, or rating analyst is a person who performs financial analysis for external or internal financial clients as a core part of the job.

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Financial Conduct Authority

The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) is a financial regulatory body in the United Kingdom, but operates independently of the UK Government, and is financed by charging fees to members of the financial services industry.

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Financial institution

Financial institutions, otherwise known as banking institutions, are corporations which provide services as intermediaries of financial markets.

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Financial Times

The Financial Times (FT) is a Japanese-owned (since 2015), English-language international daily newspaper headquartered in London, with a special emphasis on business and economic news.

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Fixed price

The term fixed price is a phrase used to mean the price of a good or a service is not subject to bargaining.

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Flipping

Flipping is a term used primarily in the United States to describe purchasing a revenue-generating asset and quickly reselling (or "flipping") it for profit.

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Follow-on offering

A follow-on offering (often but incorrectly called a secondary offering) is an issuance of stock subsequent to the company's initial public offering.

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Form S-1

Form S-1 is an SEC filing used by companies planning on going public to register their securities with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) as the "registration statement by the Securities Act of 1933".

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General Motors

General Motors Company, commonly referred to as General Motors (GM), is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Detroit that designs, manufactures, markets, and distributes vehicles and vehicle parts, and sells financial services.

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Global Analyst Research Settlements

The Global Analyst Research Settlement was an enforcement agreement reached in the United States on April 28, 2003, between the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (NASD), New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), and ten of the United States's largest investment firms to address issues of conflict of interest within their businesses in relation to recommendations made by financial analyst departments of those firms.

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Google

Google LLC is an American multinational technology company that specializes in Internet-related services and products, which include online advertising technologies, search engine, cloud computing, software, and hardware.

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Greenshoe

Formally known as an "over-allotment option," a greenshoe is the term commonly used to describe a special arrangement in a share offering, for example an initial public offering (IPO), which enables the investment bank representing the underwriters to support the share price after the offering without putting their own capital at risk.

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Gross spread

Gross spread refers to the fees that underwriters receive for arranging and underwriting an offering of debt or equity securities.

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Hong Kong Stock Exchange

The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited, abb.

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Indication of interest

An indication of interest (IOI), sometimes expression of interest (EOI), is an expression in finance that demonstrates a buyer's non-binding interest in buying a security in the stock market, often before it is available for purchase.

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Industrial and Commercial Bank of China

Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited (abb. ICBC) is a Chinese multinational banking company.

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Initial public offering

Initial public offering (IPO) or stock market launch is a type of public offering in which shares of a company are sold to institutional investors and usually also retail (individual) investors; an IPO is underwritten by one or more investment banks, who also arrange for the shares to be listed on one or more stock exchanges.

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Institutional investor

An institutional investor is an entity which pools money to purchase securities, real property, and other investment assets or originate loans.

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Interactive Brokers

Interactive Brokers LLC (IB) is a U.S.-based electronic brokerage firm.

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Investment banking

An investment bank is typically a private company that provides various finance-related and other services to individuals, corporations, and governments such as raising financial capital by underwriting or acting as the client's agent in the issuance of securities.

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Investor

An investor is a person that allocates capital with the expectation of a future financial return.

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IPO underpricing algorithm

IPO underpricing is the increase in stock value from the initial offering price to the first-day closing price.

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Law firm

A law firm or a law company is a business entity formed by one or more lawyers to engage in the practice of law.

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Listing (finance)

In corporate finance, a listing refers to the company's shares being on the list (or board) of stock that are officially traded on a stock exchange.

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Magic Circle (law firms)

The Magic Circle is an informal term for the London headquartered law firms with the largest revenues, the most international work and which consistently outperform the rest of the London market on profitability.

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Monetization

Monetization (also written monetisation) is the process of converting or establishing something into legal tender.

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Morningstar, Inc.

Morningstar, Inc. is an investment research and investment management firm headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, United States.

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Multiunit auction

A multiunit auction is an auction in which several items are sold.

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NASDAQ

The Nasdaq Stock Market is an American stock exchange.

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New York Stock Exchange

The New York Stock Exchange (abbreviated as NYSE, and nicknamed "The Big Board"), is an American stock exchange located at 11 Wall Street, Lower Manhattan, New York City, New York.

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Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences

The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences (officially Sveriges riksbanks pris i ekonomisk vetenskap till Alfred Nobels minne, or the Swedish National Bank's Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel), commonly referred to as the Nobel Prize in Economics, is an award for outstanding contributions to the field of economics, and generally regarded as the most prestigious award for that field.

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NTT DoCoMo

is the predominant mobile phone operator in Japan.

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OpenIPO

OpenIPO is a modified Dutch auction which allows shares of an initial public offering (IPO) to be allocated in an impartial way.

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Over-the-counter (finance)

Over-the-counter (OTC) or off-exchange trading is done directly between two parties, without the supervision of an exchange.

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Overstock.com

Overstock.com, Inc. is an American internet retailer headquartered in Midvale, Utah, near Salt Lake City.

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Politics of Saudi Arabia

The politics of Saudi Arabia takes place in the context of a totalitarian absolute monarchy with some Islamic lines, where the King is both the head of state and government.

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Price discovery

The price discovery process (also called price discovery mechanism) is the process of determining the price of an asset in the marketplace through the interactions of buyers and sellers.

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Principal–agent problem

The principal–agent problem, in political science and economics, (also known as agency dilemma or the agency problem) occurs when one person or entity (the "agent") is able to make decisions and/or take actions on behalf of, or that impact, another person or entity: the "principal".

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Privately held company

A privately held company, private company, or close corporation is a business company owned either by non-governmental organizations or by a relatively small number of shareholders or company members which does not offer or trade its company stock (shares) to the general public on the stock market exchanges, but rather the company's stock is offered, owned and traded or exchanged privately.

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Profit (accounting)

Profit, in accounting, is an income distributed to the owner in a profitable market production process (business).

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Profit (economics)

In economics, profit in the accounting sense of the excess of revenue over cost is the sum of two components: normal profit and economic profit.

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Prospectus (finance)

A prospectus, in finance, is a disclosure document that describes a financial security for potential buyers.

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Public company

A public company, publicly traded company, publicly held company, publicly listed company, or public corporation is a corporation whose ownership is dispersed among the general public in many shares of stock which are freely traded on a stock exchange or in over the counter markets.

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Public offering

A public offering is the offering of securities of a company or a similar corporation to the public.

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Public offering without listing

A public offering without listing, often called a POWL deal or a POWL, is a form of public equity offering by non-Japanese firms in the Japanese market, without the previously required simultaneous listing on a local exchange (e.g. TSE).

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Red herring prospectus

A red herring prospectus, as a first or preliminary prospectus, is a document submitted by a company (issuer) as part of a public offering of securities (either stocks or bonds).

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Registered representative (securities)

A registered representative, also called a general securities representative, a stockbroker, or an account executive, is an individual who is licensed to sell securities and has the legal power of an agent in the United States.

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Reverse takeover

A reverse takeover or reverse merger takeover (reverse IPO) is the acquisition of a public company by a private company so that the private company can bypass the lengthy and complex process of going public.

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Richard Sylla

Richard Eugene Sylla is Henry Kaufman Professor of the History of Financial Institutions and Markets and a professor of economics, entrepreneurship, and innovation at New York University Stern School of Business.

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Robert E. Wright

Robert Eric Wright (born January 1, 1969 in Rochester, N.Y.) is a business, economic, financial, and monetary historian and the inaugural Rudy and Marilyn Nef Family Chair of Political Economy at Augustana University in Sioux Falls, South Dakota.

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Roman Forum

The Roman Forum, also known by its Latin name Forum Romanum (Foro Romano), is a rectangular forum (plaza) surrounded by the ruins of several important ancient government buildings at the center of the city of Rome.

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Roman Republic

The Roman Republic (Res publica Romana) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire.

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Salomon Brothers

Salomon Brothers was an investment bank founded in 1910 by three Jewish-American brothers (Arthur, Herbert and Percy) along with a clerk named Ben Levy, it remained a partnership until the early 1980s, when it was acquired by the commodity trading firm Phibro Corporation and became Salomon Inc. Eventually, Salomon (NYSE:SB) was acquired by Travelers Group in 1998; and, following the latter's merger with Citicorp that same year, Salomon became part of Citigroup.

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Saudi Aramco

Saudi Aramco (أرامكو السعودية), officially the Saudi Arabian Oil Company, most popularly known just as Aramco (formerly Arabian-American Oil Company), is a Saudi Arabian national petroleum and natural gas company based in Dhahran.

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Secondary market

The secondary market, also called the aftermarket and follow on public offering is the financial market in which previously issued financial instruments such as stock, bonds, options, and futures are bought and sold.

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Secondary market offering

A secondary market offering, according to the U.S. Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), is a registered offering of a large block of a security that has been previously issued to the public.

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Securities Act of 1933

The United States Congress enacted the Securities Act of 1933, also known as the 1933 Act, the Securities Act, the Truth in Securities Act, the Federal Securities Act, or the '33 Act, Title I of Pub.

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Securities Exchange Act of 1934

The Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (also called the Exchange Act, '34 Act, or 1934 Act) (codified at et seq.) is a law governing the secondary trading of securities (stocks, bonds, and debentures) in the United States of America.

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Securities regulation in the United States

Securities regulation in the United States is the field of U.S. law that covers transactions and other dealings with securities.

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Securitization

Securitization is the financial practice of pooling various types of contractual debt such as residential mortgages, commercial mortgages, auto loans or credit card debt obligations (or other non-debt assets which generate receivables) and selling their related cash flows to third party investors as securities, which may be described as bonds, pass-through securities, or collateralized debt obligations (CDOs).

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Shanghai Stock Exchange

The Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) is a stock exchange that is based in the city of Shanghai, China.

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Share (finance)

In financial markets, a share is a unit used as mutual funds, limited partnerships, and real estate investment trusts.

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Shenzhen Stock Exchange

The Shenzhen Stock Exchange (SZSE) is a stock exchange based in the city of Shenzhen, China.

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Smaller reporting company

The Securities and Exchange Commission divides reporting companies, those that file periodic reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 into different categories based on size, among other factors.

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Spotify

Spotify Technology SA is a Swedish entertainment company founded by Daniel Ek and Martin Lorentzon.

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Stock

The stock (also capital stock) of a corporation is constituted of the equity stock of its owners.

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Stock certificate

In corporate law, a stock certificate (also known as certificate of stock or share certificate) is a legal document that certifies ownership of a specific number of shares or stock in a corporation.

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Stock dilution

Stock dilution, also known as equity dilution, is the decrease in existing shareholders’ ownership of a company as a result of the company issuing new equity.

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Stock exchange

A stock exchange, securities exchange or bourse, is a facility where stock brokers and traders can buy and sell securities, such as shares of stock and bonds and other financial instruments.

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Syndicate

A syndicate is a self-organizing group of individuals, companies, corporations or entities formed to transact some specific business, to pursue or promote a shared interest.

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Temple of Castor and Pollux

The Temple of Castor and Pollux (Tempio dei Dioscuri) is an ancient temple in the Roman Forum, Rome, central Italy.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The Wall Street Journal

The Wall Street Journal is a U.S. business-focused, English-language international daily newspaper based in New York City.

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TheGlobe.com

theGlobe.com was an internet startup founded in 1995 at news.com.

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U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is an independent agency of the United States federal government.

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Underwriting

Underwriting services are provided by some large specialist financial institutions, such as banks, insurance or investment houses, whereby they guarantee payment in case of damage or financial loss and accept the financial risk for liability arising from such guarantee.

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Underwriting contract

In investment banking, an underwriting contract is a contract between an underwriter and an issuer of securities.

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Underwriting spread

The underwriting spread is the difference between the amount paid by the underwriting group in a new issue of securities and the price at which securities are offered for sale to the public.

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Venture capital

Venture capital (VC) is a type of private equity, a form of financing that is provided by firms or funds to small, early-stage, emerging firms that are deemed to have high growth potential, or which have demonstrated high growth (in terms of number of employees, annual revenue, or both).

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Visa Inc.

Visa Inc. (also known as Visa, stylized as VISA) is an American multinational financial services corporation headquartered in Foster City, California, United States.

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White-shoe firm

A White-shoe firm is a leading professional services firm in the United States, particularly firms that have been in existence for more than a century and represent Fortune 500 companies.

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William Vickrey

William Spencer Vickrey (21 June 1914 – 11 October 1996) was a Canadian-born professor of economics and Nobel Laureate.

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Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati

Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati (WSGR) is a law firm in the United States that specializes in business, securities, and intellectual property law.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initial_public_offering

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