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Receptor antagonist

Index Receptor antagonist

A receptor antagonist is a type of receptor ligand or drug that blocks or dampens a biological response by binding to and blocking a receptor rather than activating it like an agonist. [1]

Table of Contents

  1. 65 relations: Active site, Adrenaline, Adrenergic receptor, Agonist, Allosteric regulation, Alpha blocker, Alzheimer's disease, Analgesic, Antihistamine, Benzodiazepine, Beta blocker, Binding site, Buprenorphine, Calcium channel blocker, Cell surface receptor, Competitive inhibition, Covalent bond, Cyclothiazide, Depression (physiology), Dose–response relationship, Drug, Efficacy, Enzyme inhibitor, Ethanol, Flumazenil, Functional selectivity, Greek language, Growth factor receptor inhibitor, GSK plc, Heroin, Histamine, Histamine H1 receptor, Hormone, IC50, International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, Intracellular receptor, Inverse agonist, Ligand (biochemistry), Memantine, Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1, Methadone, Mitochondrion, Morphine, Naloxone, NMDA receptor, Non-covalent interaction, Norepinephrine, Nuclear receptor, Opioid overdose, Opioid receptor, ... Expand index (15 more) »

  2. Receptor antagonists

Active site

In biology and biochemistry, the active site is the region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.

See Receptor antagonist and Active site

Adrenaline

Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone and medication which is involved in regulating visceral functions (e.g., respiration).

See Receptor antagonist and Adrenaline

Adrenergic receptor

The adrenergic receptors or adrenoceptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are targets of many catecholamines like norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) produced by the body, but also many medications like beta blockers, beta-2 (β2) agonists and alpha-2 (α2) agonists, which are used to treat high blood pressure and asthma, for example.

See Receptor antagonist and Adrenergic receptor

Agonist

An agonist is a chemical that activates a receptor to produce a biological response. Receptor antagonist and agonist are pharmacodynamics.

See Receptor antagonist and Agonist

Allosteric regulation

In the fields of biochemistry and pharmacology an allosteric regulator (or allosteric modulator) is a substance that binds to a site on an enzyme or receptor distinct from the active site, resulting in a conformational change that alters the protein's activity, either enhancing or inhibiting its function.

See Receptor antagonist and Allosteric regulation

Alpha blocker

Alpha-blockers, also known as α-blockers or α-adrenoreceptor antagonists, are a class of pharmacological agents that act as antagonists on α-adrenergic receptors (α-adrenoceptors).

See Receptor antagonist and Alpha blocker

Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and progressively worsens, and is the cause of 60–70% of cases of dementia.

See Receptor antagonist and Alzheimer's disease

Analgesic

An analgesic drug, also called simply an analgesic, antalgic, pain reliever, or painkiller, is any member of the group of drugs used for pain management.

See Receptor antagonist and Analgesic

Antihistamine

Antihistamines are drugs which treat allergic rhinitis, common cold, influenza, and other allergies.

See Receptor antagonist and Antihistamine

Benzodiazepine

Benzodiazepines (BZD, BDZ, BZs), colloquially called "benzos", are a class of depressant drugs whose core chemical structure is the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring.

See Receptor antagonist and Benzodiazepine

Beta blocker

Beta blockers, also spelled β-blockers, are a class of medications that are predominantly used to manage abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmia), and to protect the heart from a second heart attack after a first heart attack (secondary prevention).

See Receptor antagonist and Beta blocker

Binding site

In biochemistry and molecular biology, a binding site is a region on a macromolecule such as a protein that binds to another molecule with specificity.

See Receptor antagonist and Binding site

Buprenorphine

Buprenorphine, sold under the brand name Subutex among others, is an opioid used to treat opioid use disorder, acute pain, and chronic pain.

See Receptor antagonist and Buprenorphine

Calcium channel blocker

Calcium channel blockers (CCB), calcium channel antagonists or calcium antagonists are a group of medications that disrupt the movement of calcium through calcium channels.

See Receptor antagonist and Calcium channel blocker

Cell surface receptor

Cell surface receptors (membrane receptors, transmembrane receptors) are receptors that are embedded in the plasma membrane of cells.

See Receptor antagonist and Cell surface receptor

Competitive inhibition

Competitive inhibition is interruption of a chemical pathway owing to one chemical substance inhibiting the effect of another by competing with it for binding or bonding.

See Receptor antagonist and Competitive inhibition

Covalent bond

A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons to form electron pairs between atoms.

See Receptor antagonist and Covalent bond

Cyclothiazide

Cyclothiazide (Anhydron, Acquirel, Doburil, Fluidil, Renazide, Tensodiural, Valmiran), sometimes abbreviated CTZ, is a benzothiadiazide (thiazide) diuretic and antihypertensive that was originally introduced in the United States in 1963 by Eli Lilly and was subsequently also marketed in Europe and Japan.

See Receptor antagonist and Cyclothiazide

Depression (physiology)

In physiology and medicine, depression refers to a lowering, in particular a reduction in a specific biological variable or the functions of an organ.

See Receptor antagonist and Depression (physiology)

Dose–response relationship

The dose–response relationship, or exposure–response relationship, describes the magnitude of the response of an organism, as a function of exposure (or doses) to a stimulus or stressor (usually a chemical) after a certain exposure time. Receptor antagonist and dose–response relationship are pharmacodynamics.

See Receptor antagonist and Dose–response relationship

Drug

A drug is any chemical substance other than a nutrient or an essential dietary ingredient, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect.

See Receptor antagonist and Drug

Efficacy

Efficacy is the ability to perform a task to a satisfactory or expected degree. Receptor antagonist and Efficacy are pharmacodynamics.

See Receptor antagonist and Efficacy

Enzyme inhibitor

An enzyme inhibitor is a molecule that binds to an enzyme and blocks its activity.

See Receptor antagonist and Enzyme inhibitor

Ethanol

Ethanol (also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an organic compound with the chemical formula.

See Receptor antagonist and Ethanol

Flumazenil

Flumazenil (also known as flumazepil, code name Ro 15-1788) is a selective GABAA receptor antagonist administered via injection, otic insertion, or intranasally.

See Receptor antagonist and Flumazenil

Functional selectivity

Functional selectivity (or “agonist trafficking”, “biased agonism”, “biased signaling”, "ligand bias" and “differential engagement”) is the ligand-dependent selectivity for certain signal transduction pathways relative to a reference ligand (often the endogenous hormone or peptide) at the same receptor. Receptor antagonist and Functional selectivity are pharmacodynamics and signal transduction.

See Receptor antagonist and Functional selectivity

Greek language

Greek (Elliniká,; Hellēnikḗ) is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece, Cyprus, Italy (in Calabria and Salento), southern Albania, and other regions of the Balkans, the Black Sea coast, Asia Minor, and the Eastern Mediterranean.

See Receptor antagonist and Greek language

Growth factor receptor inhibitor

Growth factor receptor inhibitors (growth factor inhibitors, growth factor receptor blockers, growth factor blockers, growth factor receptor antagonists, growth factor antagonists) are drugs that target the growth factor receptors of cells. Receptor antagonist and growth factor receptor inhibitor are receptor antagonists.

See Receptor antagonist and Growth factor receptor inhibitor

GSK plc

GSK plc (an acronym from its former name GlaxoSmithKline plc) is a British multinational pharmaceutical and biotechnology company with global headquarters in London.

See Receptor antagonist and GSK plc

Heroin

Heroin, also known as diacetylmorphine and diamorphine among other names, is a morphinan opioid substance synthesized from the dried latex of the Papaver somniferum plant; it is mainly used as a recreational drug for its euphoric effects.

See Receptor antagonist and Heroin

Histamine

Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound involved in local immune responses communication, as well as regulating physiological functions in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter for the brain, spinal cord, and uterus.

See Receptor antagonist and Histamine

Histamine H1 receptor

The H1 receptor is a histamine receptor belonging to the family of rhodopsin-like G-protein-coupled receptors.

See Receptor antagonist and Histamine H1 receptor

Hormone

A hormone (from the Greek participle ὁρμῶν, "setting in motion") is a class of signaling molecules in multicellular organisms that are sent to distant organs or tissues by complex biological processes to regulate physiology and behavior. Receptor antagonist and hormone are signal transduction.

See Receptor antagonist and Hormone

IC50

Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) is a measure of the potency of a substance in inhibiting a specific biological or biochemical function. Receptor antagonist and IC50 are pharmacodynamics.

See Receptor antagonist and IC50

International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology

The International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR) is a voluntary, non-profit association representing the interests of scientists in pharmacology-related fields to facilitate Better Medicines through Global Education and Research around the world.

See Receptor antagonist and International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology

Intracellular receptor

Intracellular receptors are globular protein receptors located inside the cell rather than on its cell membrane.

See Receptor antagonist and Intracellular receptor

Inverse agonist

In pharmacology, an inverse agonist is a drug that binds to the same receptor as an agonist but induces a pharmacological response opposite to that of the agonist. Receptor antagonist and inverse agonist are pharmacodynamics.

See Receptor antagonist and Inverse agonist

Ligand (biochemistry)

In biochemistry and pharmacology, a ligand is a substance that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose.

See Receptor antagonist and Ligand (biochemistry)

Memantine

Memantine, sold under the brand name Axura among others, is a medication used to slow the progression of moderate-to-severe Alzheimer's disease. It is taken by mouth. Common side effects include headache, constipation, sleepiness, and dizziness. Severe side effects may include blood clots, psychosis, and heart failure.

See Receptor antagonist and Memantine

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1

The glutamate receptor, metabotropic 1, also known as GRM1, is a human gene which encodes the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) protein.

See Receptor antagonist and Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1

Methadone

Methadone, sold under the brand names Dolophine and Methadose among others, is a synthetic opioid agonist used for chronic pain and also for opioid use disorder.

See Receptor antagonist and Methadone

Mitochondrion

A mitochondrion is an organelle found in the cells of most eukaryotes, such as animals, plants and fungi.

See Receptor antagonist and Mitochondrion

Morphine

Morphine, formerly also called morphia, is an opiate that is found naturally in opium, a dark brown resin produced by drying the latex of opium poppies (Papaver somniferum).

See Receptor antagonist and Morphine

Naloxone

Naloxone is an opioid antagonist: a medication used to reverse or reduce the effects of opioids.

See Receptor antagonist and Naloxone

NMDA receptor

The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (also known as the NMDA receptor or NMDAR), is a glutamate receptor and predominantly Ca2+ ion channel found in neurons.

See Receptor antagonist and NMDA receptor

Non-covalent interaction

In chemistry, a non-covalent interaction differs from a covalent bond in that it does not involve the sharing of electrons, but rather involves more dispersed variations of electromagnetic interactions between molecules or within a molecule.

See Receptor antagonist and Non-covalent interaction

Norepinephrine

Norepinephrine (NE), also called noradrenaline (NA) or noradrenalin, is an organic chemical in the catecholamine family that functions in the brain and body as a hormone, neurotransmitter and neuromodulator.

See Receptor antagonist and Norepinephrine

Nuclear receptor

In the field of molecular biology, nuclear receptors are a class of proteins responsible for sensing steroids, thyroid hormones, vitamins, and certain other molecules.

See Receptor antagonist and Nuclear receptor

Opioid overdose

An opioid overdose is toxicity due to excessive consumption of opioids, such as morphine, codeine, heroin, fentanyl, tramadol, and methadone.

See Receptor antagonist and Opioid overdose

Opioid receptor

Opioid receptors are a group of inhibitory G protein-coupled receptors with opioids as ligands.

See Receptor antagonist and Opioid receptor

Pharmacology

Pharmacology is the science of drugs and medications, including a substance's origin, composition, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, therapeutic use, and toxicology.

See Receptor antagonist and Pharmacology

Phenoxybenzamine

Phenoxybenzamine (PBZ, marketed under the trade names Dibenzyline and Dibenyline) is a non-selective, irreversible alpha blocker.

See Receptor antagonist and Phenoxybenzamine

Physiological agonism and antagonism

Physiological agonism describes the action of a substance which ultimately produces the same effects in the body as another substance—as if they were both agonists at the same receptor—without actually binding to the same receptor. Receptor antagonist and Physiological agonism and antagonism are pharmacodynamics.

See Receptor antagonist and Physiological agonism and antagonism

Potency (pharmacology)

In pharmacology, potency or biological potency is a measure of a drug's biological activity expressed in terms of the dose required to produce a pharmacological effect of given intensity. Receptor antagonist and potency (pharmacology) are pharmacodynamics.

See Receptor antagonist and Potency (pharmacology)

Protein

Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues.

See Receptor antagonist and Protein

Receptor (biochemistry)

In biochemistry and pharmacology, receptors are chemical structures, composed of protein, that receive and transduce signals that may be integrated into biological systems.

See Receptor antagonist and Receptor (biochemistry)

Receptor antagonist

A receptor antagonist is a type of receptor ligand or drug that blocks or dampens a biological response by binding to and blocking a receptor rather than activating it like an agonist. Receptor antagonist and receptor antagonist are pharmacodynamics, receptor antagonists and signal transduction.

See Receptor antagonist and Receptor antagonist

Receptor theory

Receptor theory is the application of receptor models to explain drug behavior.

See Receptor antagonist and Receptor theory

Receptor–ligand kinetics

In biochemistry, receptor–ligand kinetics is a branch of chemical kinetics in which the kinetic species are defined by different non-covalent bindings and/or conformations of the molecules involved, which are denoted as receptor(s) and ligand(s).

See Receptor antagonist and Receptor–ligand kinetics

Ro15-4513

Ro15-4513 (IUPAC: Ethyl-8-azido-5,6-dihydro-5-methyl-6-oxo-4H-imidazo-1,4-benzodiazepine-3-carboxylate) is a weak partial inverse agonist of the benzodiazepine class of drugs, developed by Hoffmann–La Roche in the 1980s.

See Receptor antagonist and Ro15-4513

Schild equation

In pharmacology, Schild regression analysis, based upon the Schild equation, both named for Heinz Otto Schild, are tools for studying the effects of agonists and antagonists on the response caused by the receptor or on ligand-receptor binding. Receptor antagonist and Schild equation are pharmacodynamics.

See Receptor antagonist and Schild equation

Selective receptor modulator

In the field of pharmacology, a selective receptor modulator or SRM is a type of drug that has different effects in different tissues. Receptor antagonist and selective receptor modulator are pharmacodynamics.

See Receptor antagonist and Selective receptor modulator

Thermodynamic free energy

In thermodynamics, the thermodynamic free energy is one of the state functions of a thermodynamic system (the others being internal energy, enthalpy, entropy, etc.). The change in the free energy is the maximum amount of work that the system can perform in a process at constant temperature, and its sign indicates whether the process is thermodynamically favorable or forbidden.

See Receptor antagonist and Thermodynamic free energy

Ubiquitin

Ubiquitin is a small (8.6 kDa) regulatory protein found in most tissues of eukaryotic organisms, i.e., it is found ''ubiquitously''.

See Receptor antagonist and Ubiquitin

Vasodilation

Vasodilation, also known as vasorelaxation, is the widening of blood vessels.

See Receptor antagonist and Vasodilation

See also

Receptor antagonists

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Receptor_antagonist

Also known as Antagonist (drug), Antagonist (medical), Antagonist (pharmacology), Antagonist drug, Blocking agent, Competitive antagonist, Full antagonist, Functional antagonism, Functional inhibition, Insurmountable antagonist, Irreversible competitive antagonist, Neutral antagonist, Non-competitive antagonism, Non-competitive antagonist, Noncompetitive antagonism, Noncompetitive antagonist, Receptor Antagonists, Receptor antagonism, Reversible antagonist, Reversible competitive antagonist, Silent antagonism, Silent antagonist, Uncompetitive antagonist.

, Pharmacology, Phenoxybenzamine, Physiological agonism and antagonism, Potency (pharmacology), Protein, Receptor (biochemistry), Receptor antagonist, Receptor theory, Receptor–ligand kinetics, Ro15-4513, Schild equation, Selective receptor modulator, Thermodynamic free energy, Ubiquitin, Vasodilation.