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69 relations: Allele, Aplaviroc, Bubonic plague, CC chemokine receptors, CCL3, CCL3L1, CCL4, CCL5, CCR5 receptor antagonist, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Chemokine, Chemokine receptor, Chemotaxis, Chemotherapy, Chromosome 3, Co-receptor, Cord blood, Cord blood bank, CXCR4, Cytokine, Deletion (genetics), Dendritic cell, Entry inhibitor, Eosinophil, Flavivirus, G protein–coupled receptor, Gene, Gene expression, Genetic code, GlaxoSmithKline, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, HIV, HIV tropism, HIV/AIDS, Immune system, Innate resistance to HIV, Integral membrane protein, Ligand, Ligand (biochemistry), Locus (genetics), Macrophage, Maraviroc, Microglia, Mutation, Myeloid leukemia, Nordic countries, Pfizer, PRO 140, Protein, Public domain, ..., Receptor (biochemistry), Receptor antagonist, Schering-Plough, Smallpox, Stem cell, Stephen Crohn, Subtypes of HIV, T cell, The Berlin Patient, The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, Varangians, Vicriviroc, Viral load, West Nile virus, White blood cell, Yersinia pestis, Zinc finger nuclease, Zygosity. Expand index (19 more) »
Allele
An allele is a variant form of a given gene.
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Aplaviroc
Aplaviroc (INN, codenamed AK602 and GSK-873140) is a CCR5 entry inhibitor that belongs to a class of 2,5-diketopiperazines developed for the treatment of HIV infection.
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Bubonic plague
Bubonic plague is one of three types of plague caused by bacterium Yersinia pestis.
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CC chemokine receptors
CC chemokine receptors (or beta chemokine receptors) are integral membrane proteins that specifically bind and respond to cytokines of the CC chemokine family.
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CCL3
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 (CCL3) also known as macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha (MIP-1-alpha) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCL3 gene.
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CCL3L1
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3-like 1, also known as CCL3L1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CCL3L1 gene.
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CCL4
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 4, also known as CCL4, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CCL4 gene.
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CCL5
Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (also CCL5) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CCL5 gene.
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CCR5 receptor antagonist
CCR5 receptor antagonists are a class of small molecules that antagonize the CCR5 receptor.
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is the leading national public health institute of the United States.
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Chemokine
Chemokines (Greek -kinos, movement) are a family of small cytokines, or signaling proteins secreted by cells.
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Chemokine receptor
Chemokine receptors are cytokine receptors found on the surface of certain cells that interact with a type of cytokine called a chemokine.
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Chemotaxis
Chemotaxis (from chemo- + taxis) is the movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus.
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Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy (often abbreviated to chemo and sometimes CTX or CTx) is a type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen.
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Chromosome 3
Chromosome 3 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans.
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Co-receptor
A co-receptor is a cell surface receptor that binds a signalling molecule in addition to a primary receptor in order to facilitate ligand recognition and initiate biological processes, such as entry of a pathogen into a host cell.
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Cord blood
Umbilical cord blood is blood that remains in the placenta and in the attached umbilical cord after childbirth.
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Cord blood bank
A cord blood bank is a facility which stores umbilical cord blood for future use.
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CXCR4
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR-4) also known as fusin or CD184 (cluster of differentiation 184) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CXCR4 gene.
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Cytokine
Cytokines are a broad and loose category of small proteins (~5–20 kDa) that are important in cell signaling.
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Deletion (genetics)
In genetics, a deletion (also called gene deletion, deficiency, or deletion mutation) (sign: Δ) is a mutation (a genetic aberration) in which a part of a chromosome or a sequence of DNA is lost during DNA replication.
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Dendritic cell
Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells (also known as accessory cells) of the mammalian immune system.
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Entry inhibitor
Entry inhibitors, also known as fusion inhibitors, are a class of antiretroviral drugs, used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.
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Eosinophil
Eosinophils sometimes called eosinophiles or, less commonly, acidophils, are a variety of white blood cells and one of the immune system components responsible for combating multicellular parasites and certain infections in vertebrates. Along with mast cells and basophils, they also control mechanisms associated with allergy and asthma. They are granulocytes that develop during hematopoiesis in the bone marrow before migrating into blood, after which they are terminally differentiated and do not multiply. These cells are eosinophilic or "acid-loving" due to their large acidophilic cytoplasmic granules, which show their affinity for acids by their affinity to coal tar dyes: Normally transparent, it is this affinity that causes them to appear brick-red after staining with eosin, a red dye, using the Romanowsky method. The staining is concentrated in small granules within the cellular cytoplasm, which contain many chemical mediators, such as eosinophil peroxidase, ribonuclease (RNase), deoxyribonucleases (DNase), lipase, plasminogen, and major basic protein. These mediators are released by a process called degranulation following activation of the eosinophil, and are toxic to both parasite and host tissues. In normal individuals, eosinophils make up about 1–3% of white blood cells, and are about 12–17 micrometres in size with bilobed nuclei. While they are released into the bloodstream as neutrophils are, eosinophils reside in tissue They are found in the medulla and the junction between the cortex and medulla of the thymus, and, in the lower gastrointestinal tract, ovary, uterus, spleen, and lymph nodes, but not in the lung, skin, esophagus, or some other internal organs under normal conditions. The presence of eosinophils in these latter organs is associated with disease. For instance, patients with eosinophilic asthma have high levels of eosinophils that lead to inflammation and tissue damage, making it more difficult for patients to breathe. Eosinophils persist in the circulation for 8–12 hours, and can survive in tissue for an additional 8–12 days in the absence of stimulation. Pioneering work in the 1980s elucidated that eosinophils were unique granulocytes, having the capacity to survive for extended periods of time after their maturation as demonstrated by ex-vivo culture experiments.
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Flavivirus
Flavivirus is a genus of viruses in the family Flaviviridae.
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G protein–coupled receptor
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptor, and G protein–linked receptors (GPLR), constitute a large protein family of receptors that detect molecules outside the cell and activate internal signal transduction pathways and, ultimately, cellular responses.
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Gene
In biology, a gene is a sequence of DNA or RNA that codes for a molecule that has a function.
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Gene expression
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product.
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Genetic code
The genetic code is the set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) into proteins.
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GlaxoSmithKline
GlaxoSmithKline plc (GSK) is a British pharmaceutical company headquartered in Brentford, London.
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Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the transplantation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells, usually derived from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood.
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HIV
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that causes HIV infection and over time acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
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HIV tropism
HIV tropism refers to the cell type that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infects and replicates in.
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HIV/AIDS
Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
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Immune system
The immune system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.
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Innate resistance to HIV
A small proportion of humans show partial or apparently complete inborn resistance to HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.
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Integral membrane protein
An integral membrane protein (IMP) is a type of membrane protein that is permanently attached to the biological membrane.
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Ligand
In coordination chemistry, a ligand is an ion or molecule (functional group) that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex.
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Ligand (biochemistry)
In biochemistry and pharmacology, a ligand is a substance that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose.
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Locus (genetics)
A locus (plural loci) in genetics is a fixed position on a chromosome, like the position of a gene or a marker (genetic marker).
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Macrophage
Macrophages (big eaters, from Greek μακρός (makrós).
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Maraviroc
Maraviroc (INN, brand-named Selzentry, or Celsentri outside the U.S.) is an antiretroviral drug in the CCR5 receptor antagonist class used in the treatment of HIV infection.
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Microglia
Microglia are a type of neuroglia (glial cell) located throughout the brain and spinal cord.
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Mutation
In biology, a mutation is the permanent alteration of the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA or other genetic elements.
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Myeloid leukemia
Myeloid leukemia is a type of leukemia affecting myeloid tissue.
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Nordic countries
The Nordic countries or the Nordics are a geographical and cultural region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic, where they are most commonly known as Norden (literally "the North").
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Pfizer
Pfizer Inc. is an American pharmaceutical conglomerate headquartered in New York City, with its research headquarters in Groton, Connecticut.
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PRO 140
PRO 140 is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeted against the CCR5 receptor found on T lymphocytes of the human immune system.
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Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
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Public domain
The public domain consists of all the creative works to which no exclusive intellectual property rights apply.
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Receptor (biochemistry)
In biochemistry and pharmacology, a receptor is a protein molecule that receives chemical signals from outside a cell.
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Receptor antagonist
A receptor antagonist is a type of receptor ligand or drug that blocks or dampens a biological response by binding to and blocking a receptor rather than activating it like an agonist.
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Schering-Plough
Schering-Plough Corporation was a United States-based pharmaceutical company.
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Smallpox
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by one of two virus variants, Variola major and Variola minor.
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Stem cell
Stem cells are biological cells that can differentiate into other types of cells and can divide to produce more of the same type of stem cells.
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Stephen Crohn
Stephen Lyon Crohn (September 5, 1946 – August 23, 2013) also known as "The man who can't catch AIDS", was a man notable for a genetic mutation, which caused him to be immune to AIDS.
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Subtypes of HIV
One of the obstacles to treatment of the human immunodeficiency virus is its high genetic variability.
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T cell
A T cell, or T lymphocyte, is a type of lymphocyte (a subtype of white blood cell) that plays a central role in cell-mediated immunity.
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The Berlin Patient
The Berlin patient is a phrase that has been used on two distinct and unrelated occasions: in the first case, to describe a person who has exhibited prolonged "post treatment control" of HIV viral load after HIV treatments were interrupted, and in the second case to describe the one individual who is considered to have been cured of HIV infection.
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The New York Times
The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.
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The Wall Street Journal
The Wall Street Journal is a U.S. business-focused, English-language international daily newspaper based in New York City.
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Varangians
The Varangians (Væringjar; Greek: Βάραγγοι, Várangoi, Βαριάγοι, Variágoi) was the name given by Greeks, Rus' people and Ruthenians to Vikings,"," Online Etymology Dictionary who between the 9th and 11th centuries, ruled the medieval state of Kievan Rus', settled among many territories of modern Belarus, Russia and Ukraine, and formed the Byzantine Varangian Guard.
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Vicriviroc
Vicriviroc, previously named SCH 417690 and SCH-D, is a pyrimidine CCR5 entry inhibitor of HIV-1.
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Viral load
Viral load, also known as viral burden, viral titre or viral titer, is a numerical expression of the quantity of virus in a given volume.
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West Nile virus
West Nile virus (WNV) is a single-stranded RNA virus that causes West Nile fever.
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White blood cell
White blood cells (WBCs), also called leukocytes or leucocytes, are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders.
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Yersinia pestis
Yersinia pestis (formerly Pasteurella pestis) is a Gram-negative, non-motile rod-shaped coccobacillus, with no spores.
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Zinc finger nuclease
Zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) are artificial restriction enzymes generated by fusing a zinc finger DNA-binding domain to a DNA-cleavage domain.
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Zygosity
Zygosity is the degree of similarity of the alleles for a trait in an organism.
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Redirects here:
CC-CKR-5, CCR-5, CCR5 (gene), CCR5 D32, CCR5 Delta 32, CCR5 delta 32, CCR5 receptor, CCR5 Δ32, CCR5-D32, CCR5-Δ32, CCR5-Д32, CCR5delta32, CD195, Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5, Delta 32, Delta-32, Genetic HIV resistance, Receptors, ccr5.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCR5
