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Conversion therapy

Index Conversion therapy

Conversion therapy is the pseudoscientific practice of trying to change an individual's sexual orientation from homosexual or bisexual to heterosexual using psychological or spiritual interventions. [1]

218 relations: A priori and a posteriori, ABC News (Australia), Abraham Brill, Alberta, Alfred Kinsey, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Academy of Physician Assistants, American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy, American Association of Christian Counselors, American Association of Sexuality Educators, Counselors and Therapists, American College of Pediatricians, American Counseling Association, American Family Association, American Medical Association, American Psychiatric Association, American Psychoanalytic Association, American Psychological Association, Anna Freud, Archives of Sexual Behavior, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Australian Capital Territory, Australian Human Rights Commission, Australian Medical Association, Australian Psychological Society, Autonomous communities of Spain, Aversion therapy, Barack Obama, BBC, BBC News, Bisexuality, Brasília, British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies, British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy, British Psychoanalytic Council, British Psychoanalytical Society, British Psychological Society, California, Canadian Psychological Association, Castration anxiety, Celibacy, Changing Our Minds: The Story of Dr. Evelyn Hooker, Charles W. Socarides, Christian fundamentalism, Christian right, Church of England, Clark University, Community of Madrid, Cultural competence in healthcare, Daniel Andrews, David Satcher, ..., Dáil Éireann, Deception, Department of Health and Social Care, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Edmund Bergler, Ego-dystonic sexual orientation, Elizabeth Moberly, Eugen Steinach, European Parliament, European Union, Evelyn Hooker, Ex-gay movement, Exodus International, Fairfax Media, Family Research Council, Federal Council (Switzerland), Focus on the Family, Freda L. Wolfson, G. Stanley Hall, Gay American History: Lesbians and Gay Men in the U.S.A., Government of Victoria, Greg Hunt, Grove City College, Hack (radio program), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Health and Human Rights, Helene Deutsch, Henan, Heterosexuality, Hippocratic Oath, Homosexuality, Homosexuality: A Psychoanalytic Study of Male Homosexuals, Human rights, Human Rights Campaign, Human sexuality, Hypervigilance, Hypnosis, ICD-10, Illinois, Immune system, Indian Psychiatric Society, Informed consent, Interpellation (politics), InterVarsity Press, Irving Bieber, JAMA (journal), John Paulk, Joseph Nicolosi, Knesset, Legislative Yuan, Lesbian, LGBT, LGBT rights opposition, Liverpool, Liverpool Echo, Lobotomy, Love Won Out, Lyn Duff, Malcolm Turnbull, Manitoba, Marsa, Malta, Massachusetts, Masters and Johnson, Masturbation, MDPI, Medical ethics, Melanie Klein, Minister for Health (Australia), Ministry of Health and Welfare (Taiwan), Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, National Academies Press, National Academy of Medicine, National Association for Research & Therapy of Homosexuality, National Association of School Psychologists, National Association of Social Workers, National Health Service (England), National LGBTI Health Alliance, National LGBTQ Task Force, National School Chaplaincy Programme, New Jersey, News Corp Australia, News.com.au, Newsweek, NHS England, NHS Scotland, Oedipus complex, Ontario, Ontario Health Insurance Plan, Orinam, Pan American Health Organization, Parents and Friends of Ex-Gays and Gays, Parliament of Malta, Parliament of Victoria, Pat Robertson, Pentecostalism in Australia, Pickup v. Brown and Welch v. Brown, PinkNews, Premier of Victoria, Prime Minister of Australia, Professional development, Provinces and territories of Canada, Pseudoscience, Psychoanalysis, Public Health Agency of Canada, QNews Magazine, Quito, Reach plc, Rectum, Regent University, Restored Hope Network, Robert Spitzer (psychiatrist), Royal assent, Royal Australasian College of Physicians, Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists, Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, Royal College of General Practitioners, Royal College of Psychiatrists, San Antonio Express-News, Sándor Ferenczi, SBS World News, Seanad Éireann, Self-deception, Semen, Sexual orientation, Sexual orientation change efforts, Sharon Blady, Sigmund Freud, Social integration, States and territories of Australia, Stonewall riots, Suicidal ideation, Suicide attempt, Supreme Court of the United States, Surgeon General of the United States, SX News, Taichung, Taichung City Government, Testicle, The Age, The Atlantic, The Guardian, The Independent, The International Journal of Psychoanalysis, The New York Times, The Observer, The Psychoanalytic Quarterly, The Washington Post, Torture, Triple J, Truth Wins Out, U.S. state, United Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy, United Nations, United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, University of California, Davis, Valencian Community, Vancouver, Victim blaming, Victoria (Australia), Vienna, Walter Jackson Freeman II, Washington, D.C., Western Australia, Wilhelm Stekel, World Health Organization, World Psychiatric Association, Yael German, Zhumadian. Expand index (168 more) »

A priori and a posteriori

The Latin phrases a priori ("from the earlier") and a posteriori ("from the latter") are philosophical terms of art popularized by Immanuel Kant's Critique of Pure Reason (first published in 1781, second edition in 1787), one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy.

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ABC News (Australia)

ABC News is a national news service in Australia produced by the News and Current Affairs division of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.

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Abraham Brill

Abraham Arden Brill (October 12, 1874 – March 2, 1948) was an Austrian-born psychiatrist who spent almost his entire adult life in the United States.

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Alberta

Alberta is a western province of Canada.

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Alfred Kinsey

Alfred Charles Kinsey (June 23, 1894 – August 25, 1956) was an American biologist, professor of entomology and zoology, and sexologist who in 1947 founded the Institute for Sex Research at Indiana University, previously known as the Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction.

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American Academy of Pediatrics

The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) is an American professional association of pediatricians, headquartered in Itasca, Illinois.

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American Academy of Physician Assistants

The American Academy of Physician Assistants (AAPA) is the national professional society for in the United States.

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American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy

The American Association for Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT) is a professional association in the field of marriage and family therapy representing more than 50,000 marriage and family therapists throughout the United States, Canada, and abroad.

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American Association of Christian Counselors

The American Association of Christian Counselors (AACC) is the largest organization of Christian counselors in the world.

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American Association of Sexuality Educators, Counselors and Therapists

The American Association of Sexuality Educators, Counselors and Therapists (AASECT) is a professional organization for sexuality educators, sexuality counselors and sex therapists.

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American College of Pediatricians

The American College of Pediatricians (ACPeds) is a socially conservative advocacy group of pediatricians and other healthcare professionals in the United States.

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American Counseling Association

The American Counseling Association (ACA) is a membership organization representing licensed professional counselors (LPCs), counseling students, and other counseling professionals in the United States.

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American Family Association

The American Family Association (AFA) is a non-profit organization based in the United States that promotes fundamentalist Christian values.

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American Medical Association

The American Medical Association (AMA), founded in 1847 and incorporated in 1897, is the largest association of physicians—both MDs and DOs—and medical students in the United States.

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American Psychiatric Association

The American Psychiatric Association (APA) is the main professional organization of psychiatrists and trainee psychiatrists in the United States, and the largest psychiatric organization in the world.

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American Psychoanalytic Association

The American Psychoanalytic Association (APsaA) is an association of psychoanalysts in the United States.

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American Psychological Association

The American Psychological Association (APA) is the largest scientific and professional organization of psychologists in the United States, with around 117,500 members including scientists, educators, clinicians, consultants, and students.

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Anna Freud

Anna Freud (3 December 1895 – 9 October 1982) was an Austrian-British psychoanalyst.

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Archives of Sexual Behavior

The Archives of Sexual Behavior is a peer-reviewed academic journal in sexology.

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Australian Broadcasting Corporation

The Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) founded in 1929 is Australia's national broadcaster, funded by the Australian Federal Government but specifically independent of Government and politics in the Commonwealth.

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Australian Capital Territory

The Australian Capital Territory (ACT; known as the Federal Capital Territory until 1938) is Australia's federal district, located in the south-east of the country and enclaved within the state of New South Wales.

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Australian Human Rights Commission

The Australian Human Rights Commission is a national human rights institution, established in 1986 as the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission and renamed in 2008.

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Australian Medical Association

The Australian Medical Association (AMA) is the professional association for Australian doctors and medical students.

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Australian Psychological Society

The Australian Psychological Society (APS) is a professional association of psychologists in Australia.

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Autonomous communities of Spain

In Spain, an autonomous community (comunidad autónoma, autonomia erkidegoa, comunitat autònoma, comunidade autónoma, comunautat autonòma) is a first-level political and administrative division, created in accordance with the Spanish constitution of 1978, with the aim of guaranteeing limited autonomy of the nationalities and regions that make up Spain.

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Aversion therapy

Aversion therapy is a form of psychological treatment in which the patient is exposed to a stimulus while simultaneously being subjected to some form of discomfort.

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Barack Obama

Barack Hussein Obama II (born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from January 20, 2009, to January 20, 2017.

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.

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BBC News

BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs.

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Bisexuality

Bisexuality is romantic attraction, sexual attraction, or sexual behavior toward both males and females, or romantic or sexual attraction to people of any sex or gender identity; this latter aspect is sometimes alternatively termed pansexuality. The term bisexuality is mainly used in the context of human attraction to denote romantic or sexual feelings toward both men and women, and the concept is one of the three main classifications of sexual orientation along with heterosexuality and homosexuality, all of which exist on the heterosexual–homosexual continuum.

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Brasília

Brasília is the federal capital of Brazil and seat of government of the Federal District.

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British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies

The British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies (BABCP) is a British-based multi-disciplinary interest group for people involved in the practice and theory of cognitive behaviour therapy.

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British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy

The British Association for Counselling grew from the Standing Conference for the Advancement of Counselling, a grouping of organisations inaugurated in 1970 at the instigation of the National Council for Voluntary Organisations.

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British Psychoanalytic Council

The British Psychoanalytic Council (BPC) is an association of training institutions and professional associations which have their roots in established psychoanalysis and analytical psychology.

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British Psychoanalytical Society

The British Psychoanalytical Society was founded by the British psychiatrist Ernest Jones as the London Psychoanalytical Society on 30 October 1913.

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British Psychological Society

The British Psychological Society (BPS) is a representative body for psychologists and psychology in the United Kingdom.

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California

California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States.

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Canadian Psychological Association

The Canadian Psychological Association (CPA) is the primary organization representing psychologists throughout Canada.

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Castration anxiety

Castration anxiety is the fear of emasculation in both the literal and metaphorical sense.

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Celibacy

Celibacy (from Latin, cælibatus") is the state of voluntarily being unmarried, sexually abstinent, or both, usually for religious reasons.

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Changing Our Minds: The Story of Dr. Evelyn Hooker

Changing Our Minds: The Story of Dr.

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Charles W. Socarides

Charles W. Socarides (January 24, 1922 – December 25, 2005) was an American psychiatrist, psychoanalyst, physician, educator and author.

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Christian fundamentalism

Christian fundamentalism began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries among British and American Protestants at merriam-webster.com.

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Christian right

Christian right or religious right is a term used mainly in the United States to label conservative Christian political factions that are characterized by their strong support of socially conservative policies.

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Church of England

The Church of England (C of E) is the state church of England.

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Clark University

Clark University is an American private research university located in Worcester, Massachusetts.

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Community of Madrid

The Community of Madrid (Comunidad de Madrid) is one of the seventeen autonomous communities of Spain.

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Cultural competence in healthcare

Cultural competence in healthcare refers to the ability for healthcare professionals to demonstrate cultural competence toward patients with diverse values, beliefs, and feelings.

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Daniel Andrews

Daniel Michael Andrews (born 6 July 1972) is an Australian politician who is the 48th Premier of Victoria, a post he has held since 2014.

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David Satcher

David Satcher, (born March 2, 1941) is an American physician, and public health administrator.

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Dáil Éireann

Dáil Éireann (lit. Assembly of Ireland) is the lower house, and principal chamber, of the Oireachtas (Irish legislature), which also includes the President of Ireland and Seanad Éireann (the upper house).

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Deception

Deception is the act of propagating a belief that is not true, or is not the whole truth (as in half-truths or omission).

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Department of Health and Social Care

The Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC) is a department of Her Majesty's Government, responsible for government policy on health and adult social care matters in England, along with a few elements of the same matters which are not otherwise devolved to the Scottish Government, Welsh Government or Northern Ireland Executive.

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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) and offers a common language and standard criteria for the classification of mental disorders.

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Edmund Bergler

Edmund Bergler (1899–1962) was an Austrian-born American psychoanalyst whose books covered such topics as childhood development, mid-life crises, loveless marriages, gambling, self-defeating behaviors, and homosexuality.

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Ego-dystonic sexual orientation

Ego-dystonic sexual orientation is an ego-dystonic mental disorder characterized by having a sexual orientation or an attraction that is at odds with one's idealized self-image, causing anxiety and a desire to change one's orientation or become more comfortable with one's sexual orientation.

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Elizabeth Moberly

Elizabeth Moberly is a British research psychologist and theologian.

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Eugen Steinach

Eugen Steinach (January 28, 1861 – May 14, 1944) was an Austrian physiologist and pioneer in endocrinology.

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European Parliament

The European Parliament (EP) is the directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union (EU).

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European Union

The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.

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Evelyn Hooker

Evelyn Hooker (née Gentry, September 2, 1907 – November 18, 1996) was an American psychologist most notable for her 1957 paper "The Adjustment of the Male Overt Homosexual" in which she administered several psychological tests to groups of self-identified male homosexuals and heterosexuals and asked experts to identify the homosexuals and rate their mental health.

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Ex-gay movement

The ex-gay movement consists of individuals and organizations that encourage people to refrain from entering or pursuing same-sex relationships, eliminate homosexual desires and to develop heterosexual desires, or to enter into a heterosexual relationship.

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Exodus International

Exodus International was a non-profit, interdenominational ex-gay Christian umbrella organization connecting organizations that sought to help people who wished to limit their homosexual desires.

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Fairfax Media

Fairfax Media Limited (formerly John Fairfax and Sons) is one of the largest media companies in Australia and New Zealand, with investments in newspaper, magazines, radio and digital properties.

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Family Research Council

Family Research Council (FRC) is an American conservative Christian nonprofit charity and activist group, with an affiliated lobbying organization.

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Federal Council (Switzerland)

The Federal Council is the seven-member executive council which constitutes the federal government of the Swiss Confederation and serves as the collective executive head of government and state of Switzerland.

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Focus on the Family

Focus on the Family (FOTF or FotF) is an American Christian conservative organization founded in 1977 in Southern California by psychologist James Dobson, based in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

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Freda L. Wolfson

Freda Linsenbaum Wolfson (born 1954) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey.

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G. Stanley Hall

Granville Stanley Hall (February 1, 1846 – April 24, 1924) was a pioneering American psychologist and educator.

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Gay American History: Lesbians and Gay Men in the U.S.A.

Gay American History: Lesbians and Gay Men in the U.S.A. is a book by Jonathan Ned Katz.

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Government of Victoria

The Government of Victoria is the executive administrative authority of the Australian state of Victoria.

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Greg Hunt

Gregory Andrew Hunt (born 18 November 1965) is an Australian politician who has been a Liberal member of the House of Representatives since November 2001, representing the Division of Flinders in Victoria.

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Grove City College

Grove City College (GCC) is a Christian conservative liberal arts college in Grove City, Pennsylvania.

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Hack (radio program)

Hack is the title of a current affairs radio program on Australian national radio broadcaster Triple J. The show began at the start of 2004 after a shake up of the station's programming.

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Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health

The Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (formerly Harvard School of Public Health) is the public health graduate school of Harvard University, located in the Longwood Medical Area of Boston, Massachusetts adjacent Harvard Medical School.

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Health and Human Rights

Health and Human Rights is a biannual peer-reviewed public health journal that was established in 1994.

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Helene Deutsch

Helene Deutsch (née Rosenbach; 9 October 1884 – 29 March 1982) was a Polish American psychoanalyst and colleague of Sigmund Freud.

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Henan

Henan is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country.

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Heterosexuality

Heterosexuality is romantic attraction, sexual attraction or sexual behavior between persons of the opposite sex or gender.

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Hippocratic Oath

The Hippocratic Oath is an oath historically taken by physicians.

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Homosexuality

Homosexuality is romantic attraction, sexual attraction or sexual behavior between members of the same sex or gender.

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Homosexuality: A Psychoanalytic Study of Male Homosexuals

Homosexuality: A Psychoanalytic Study of Male Homosexuals is a 1962 book about the development of male homosexuality by the psychoanalyst Irving Bieber, writing with Harvey J. Dain, Paul R. Dince, Marvin G. Drellich, Henry G. Grand, Ralph R. Gundlach, Malvina W. Kremer, Alfred H. Rifkin, Cornelia B. Wilbur, and Toby B. Bieber.

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Human rights

Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, December 13, 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,, Retrieved August 14, 2014 that describe certain standards of human behaviour and are regularly protected as natural and legal rights in municipal and international law.

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Human Rights Campaign

The Human Rights Campaign (HRC) is the largest LGBT civil rights advocacy group and political lobbying organization in the United States.

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Human sexuality

Human sexuality is the way people experience and express themselves sexually.

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Hypervigilance

Hypervigilance is an enhanced state of sensory sensitivity accompanied by an exaggerated intensity of behaviors whose purpose is to detect activity.

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Hypnosis

Hypnosis is a state of human consciousness involving focused attention and reduced peripheral awareness and an enhanced capacity to respond to suggestion.

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ICD-10

ICD-10 is the 10th revision of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD), a medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO).

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Illinois

Illinois is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States.

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Immune system

The immune system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.

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Indian Psychiatric Society

Indian Psychiatric Society (IPS) is the largest association of Indian Psychiatrists.

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Informed consent

Informed consent is a process for getting permission before conducting a healthcare intervention on a person, or for disclosing personal information.

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Interpellation (politics)

Interpellation is a formal request of a parliament to the respective government.

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InterVarsity Press

InterVarsity Press (IVP) was founded in 1947 by InterVarsity Christian Fellowship/USA as a publisher of evangelical Christian books.

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Irving Bieber

Irving Bieber (1909–1991) was an American psychoanalyst, best known for his study Homosexuality: A Psychoanalytic Study of Male Homosexuals (1962), in which Bieber took the since discredited position that homosexuality is an illness.

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JAMA (journal)

JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association is a peer-reviewed medical journal published 48 times a year by the American Medical Association.

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John Paulk

John Paulk (born April 13, 1963) is a gay former advocate and promoter of the ex-gay movement and conversion therapy and author.

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Joseph Nicolosi

Joseph Nicolosi (January 24, 1947 – March 8, 2017) was an American clinical psychologist, founder and director of the Thomas Aquinas Psychological Clinic in Encino, California, and a founder and president of the National Association for Research and Therapy of Homosexuality (NARTH).

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Knesset

The Knesset (הַכְּנֶסֶת; lit. "the gathering" or "assembly"; الكنيست) is the unicameral national legislature of Israel.

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Legislative Yuan

The Legislative Yuan is the unicameral legislature of the Republic of China now based in Taiwan.

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Lesbian

A lesbian is a homosexual woman.

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LGBT

LGBT, or GLBT, is an initialism that stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender.

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LGBT rights opposition

LGBT rights opposition is the opposition to legal rights, proposed or enacted, for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people.

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Liverpool

Liverpool is a city in North West England, with an estimated population of 491,500 in 2017.

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Liverpool Echo

The Liverpool Echo is a newspaper published by Trinity Mirror based in Old Hall Street, Liverpool, Merseyside, England.

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Lobotomy

Lobotomy, also known as leucotomy, is a neurosurgical and form of psychosurgery. Operation that involves severing connections in the brain's prefrontal lobe.

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Love Won Out

Love Won Out, later known as True Story, was an ex-gay ministry launched by Focus on the Family in 1998.

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Lyn Duff

Lyn Duff is an American journalist with the Pacific News Service and KPFA radio's Flashpoints, an evening drive-time public affairs show heard daily on Pacifica Radio.

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Malcolm Turnbull

Malcolm Bligh Turnbull (born 24 October 1954) is an Australian politician serving as the 29th and current Prime Minister of Australia and Leader of the Liberal Party since 2015.

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Manitoba

Manitoba is a province at the longitudinal centre of Canada.

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Marsa, Malta

Marsa (Il-Marsa) is a town in the South Eastern Region of Malta, with a population of 4,401 people as of March 2014.

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Massachusetts

Massachusetts, officially known as the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is the most populous state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.

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Masters and Johnson

The Masters and Johnson research team, composed of William H. Masters and Virginia E. Johnson, pioneered research into the nature of human sexual response and the diagnosis and treatment of sexual disorders and dysfunctions from 1957 until the 1990s.

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Masturbation

Masturbation is the sexual stimulation of one's own genitals for sexual arousal or other sexual pleasure, usually to the point of orgasm.

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MDPI

MDPI is an organisational acronym used by two related organisations, Molecular Diversity Preservation International and Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, which were both co-founded by Shu-Kun Lin.

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Medical ethics

Medical ethics is a system of moral principles that apply values to the practice of clinical medicine and in scientific research.

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Melanie Klein

Melanie Reizes Klein (30 March 1882 – 22 September 1960) was an Austrian-British psychoanalyst who devised novel therapeutic techniques for children that influenced child psychology and contemporary psychoanalysis.

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Minister for Health (Australia)

The Australian Minister for Health is the Hon Greg Hunt, since 24 January 2017.

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Ministry of Health and Welfare (Taiwan)

The Ministry of Health and Welfare of the Republic of China (MOHW) is the Executive Yuan ministry responsible for the administration of the public health system, social welfare, affordable and universal health care, hospitals, pharmaceutical, immunization programs, disease prevention, supervision and coordination of local health agencies in Taiwan.

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Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is a standardized psychometric test of adult personality and psychopathology.

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National Academies Press

The National Academies Press (NAP) was created to publish the reports issued by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, the National Academy of Engineering, the National Academy of Medicine, and the National Research Council.

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National Academy of Medicine

The National Academy of Medicine (NAM), formerly called the Institute of Medicine (IoM), is an American nonprofit, non-governmental organization.

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National Association for Research & Therapy of Homosexuality

The National Association for Research & Therapy of Homosexuality (NARTH), also known as the NARTH Institute, is a US organization that promotes conversion therapy, a series of discredited, dangerous and unethical regimens that purport to change the sexual orientation of people with same-sex attraction.

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National Association of School Psychologists

The National Association of School Psychologists (NASP) is the major national professional organization for school psychologists in the United States.

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National Association of Social Workers

The National Association of Social Workers (NASW) is a professional organization of social workers in the United States.

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National Health Service (England)

The National Health Service (NHS) is the publicly funded national healthcare system for England and one of the four National Health Services for each constituent country of the United Kingdom.

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National LGBTI Health Alliance

The National LGBTI Health Alliance is a peak health organisation for LGBT and intersex organisations in Australia.

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National LGBTQ Task Force

The National LGBTQ Task Force is an American social justice advocacy non-profit organizing the grassroots power of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) community.

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National School Chaplaincy Programme

The National School Chaplaincy Programme (NSCP), between 2011 and 2014 known as the National School Chaplaincy and Student Welfare Programme, is an Australian federal government programme which funds chaplains in Australian primary and secondary schools.

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New Jersey

New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the Northeastern United States.

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News Corp Australia

News Corp Australia (formerly News Limited) is one of Australia's largest media companies, employing more than 8,000 staff nationwide and approximately 3,000 journalists.

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News.com.au

news.com.au is an Australian news and entertainment website owned by News Corp Australia.

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Newsweek

Newsweek is an American weekly magazine founded in 1933.

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NHS England

NHS England is an executive non-departmental public body (NDPB) of the Department of Health and Social Care.

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NHS Scotland

NHS Scotland, sometimes styled NHSScotland is the publicly funded healthcare system in Scotland.

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Oedipus complex

The Oedipus complex is a concept of psychoanalytic theory.

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Ontario

Ontario is one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada and is located in east-central Canada.

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Ontario Health Insurance Plan

The Ontario Health Insurance Plan (French: Assurance-Santé de l'Ontario, and commonly known in both languages by the acronym OHIP, pronounced) is the government-run health insurance plan for the Canadian province of Ontario.

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Orinam

Orinam (Tamil: ஓரினம்) is a non-funded, social, and activist collective that works to enhance understanding of alternate sexualities and gender identities among families, communities and society.

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Pan American Health Organization

The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO; originally the Pan-American Sanitary Bureau) is an international public health agency working to improve health and living standards of the people of the Americas.

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Parents and Friends of Ex-Gays and Gays

Parents and Friends of Ex-Gays and Gays (PFOX) is a non-profit organization that promotes conversion therapy and the ex-gay movement.

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Parliament of Malta

The Parliament of Malta (Parlament ta' Malta) is the constitutional legislative body in Malta, located in Valletta.

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Parliament of Victoria

The Parliament of Victoria is the bicameral legislature of the Australian state of Victoria.

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Pat Robertson

Marion Gordon "Pat" Robertson (born March 22, 1930) is an American media mogul, executive chairman, politician, and former Southern Baptist minister who advocates a conservative Christian ideology.

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Pentecostalism in Australia

Today the Australian Christian Churches, formerly known as the Australian Assemblies of God, is the oldest and longest lasting Pentecostal organization in Australia.

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Pickup v. Brown and Welch v. Brown

Pickup v. Brown (12-17681) and Welch v. Brown (13-15023) are 2012 lawsuits in the United States challenging the constitutionality of California Senate bill SB 1172, which banned conversion therapy (therapy aimed at changing sexual orientation) on children under the age of 18, effective January 2013.

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PinkNews

PinkNews is a UK-based online newspaper marketed to the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender community (LGBT).

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Premier of Victoria

The Premier of Victoria is the Head of government in the Australian state of Victoria.

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Prime Minister of Australia

The Prime Minister of Australia (sometimes informally abbreviated to PM) is the head of government of Australia.

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Professional development

Professional development is learning to earn or maintain professional credentials such as academic degrees to formal coursework, attending conferences, and informal learning opportunities situated in practice.

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Provinces and territories of Canada

The provinces and territories of Canada are the sub-national governments within the geographical areas of Canada under the authority of the Canadian Constitution.

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Pseudoscience

Pseudoscience consists of statements, beliefs, or practices that are claimed to be both scientific and factual, but are incompatible with the scientific method.

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Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis is a set of theories and therapeutic techniques related to the study of the unconscious mind, which together form a method of treatment for mental-health disorders.

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Public Health Agency of Canada

The Public Health Agency of Canada (French: Agence de la santé publique du Canada) is an agency of the Government of Canada that is responsible for public health, emergency preparedness, and response and infectious and chronic disease control and prevention.

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QNews Magazine

QNews Magazine is a gay and lesbian (LGBTIQ) magazine published every second Friday, based in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

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Quito

Quito (Kitu; Kitu), formally San Francisco de Quito, is the capital city of Ecuador, and at an elevation of above sea level, it is the second-highest official capital city in the world, after La Paz, and the one which is closest to the equator.

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Reach plc

Reach plc (formerly known as Trinity Mirror between 1999 and 2018) is a British newspaper, magazine and digital publisher.

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Rectum

The rectum is the final straight portion of the large intestine in humans and some other mammals, and the gut in others.

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Regent University

Regent University is a private Christian research university located in Virginia Beach, Virginia, United States.

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Restored Hope Network

Restored Hope Network is an ex-gay network of interdenominational Christian ministries and individuals.

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Robert Spitzer (psychiatrist)

Robert Leopold Spitzer (May 22, 1932 – December 25, 2015) was a psychiatrist and professor of psychiatry at Columbia University in New York City.

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Royal assent

Royal assent or sanction is the method by which a country's monarch (possibly through a delegated official) formally approves an act of that nation's parliament.

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Royal Australasian College of Physicians

The Royal Australasian College of Physicians (RACP) is a not-for-profit professional organisation responsible for training, educating, and representing 17,000 physicians and paediatricians and 8000 trainees in 33 medical specialties in Australia and New Zealand.

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Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists

The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists (RANZCP) is the principal organisation representing the medical specialty of psychiatry in Australia and New Zealand and has responsibility for training, examining and awarding the qualification of Fellowship of the College (FRANZCP) to medical practitioners.

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Royal Australian College of General Practitioners

The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP) is the professional body for general practitioners (GPs) in Australia.

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Royal College of General Practitioners

The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) is the professional body for general (medical) practitioners (GPs/Family Physicians/Primary Care Physicians) in the United Kingdom.

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Royal College of Psychiatrists

The Royal College of Psychiatrists is the main professional organisation of psychiatrists in the United Kingdom, and is responsible for representing psychiatrists, for psychiatric research and for providing public information about mental health problems.

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San Antonio Express-News

The San Antonio Express-News is a daily newspaper in San Antonio, Texas.

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Sándor Ferenczi

Sándor Ferenczi (7 July 1873 – 22 May 1933) was a Hungarian psychoanalyst, a key theorist of the psychoanalytic school and a close associate of Sigmund Freud.

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SBS World News

SBS World News is the news service of the Special Broadcasting Service in Australia.

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Seanad Éireann

Seanad Éireann (Senate of Ireland) is the government upper house of the Oireachtas (the Irish legislature), which also comprises the President of Ireland and Dáil Éireann (the lower house).

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Self-deception

Self-deception is a process of denying or rationalizing away the relevance, significance, or importance of opposing evidence and logical argument.

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Semen

Semen, also known as seminal fluid, is an organic fluid that may contain spermatozoa.

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Sexual orientation

Sexual orientation is an enduring pattern of romantic or sexual attraction (or a combination of these) to persons of the opposite sex or gender, the same sex or gender, or to both sexes or more than one gender.

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Sexual orientation change efforts

Sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE) are methods used in attempts to change the sexual orientation of homosexual and bisexual people to heterosexuality.

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Sharon Blady

Sharon Anne Blady, is a Canadian politician in the province of Manitoba.

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Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud (born Sigismund Schlomo Freud; 6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939) was an Austrian neurologist and the founder of psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst.

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Social integration

Social integration is the process during which newcomers or minorities are incorporated into the social structure of the host society.

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States and territories of Australia

Australia (officially known as the Commonwealth of Australia) is a federation of six states, together with ten federal territories.

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Stonewall riots

The Stonewall riots (also referred to as the Stonewall uprising or the Stonewall rebellion) were a series of spontaneous, violent demonstrations by members of the gay (LGBT) communityAt the time, the term "gay" was commonly used to refer to all LGBT people.

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Suicidal ideation

Suicidal ideation, also known as suicidal thoughts, is thinking about or having an unusual preoccupation with suicide.

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Suicide attempt

A suicide attempt is an attempt where a person tries to commit suicide but survives.

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Supreme Court of the United States

The Supreme Court of the United States (sometimes colloquially referred to by the acronym SCOTUS) is the highest federal court of the United States.

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Surgeon General of the United States

The Surgeon General of the United States is the operational head of the U.S. Public Health Service Commissioned Corps (PHSCC) and thus the leading spokesperson on matters of public health in the federal government of the United States.

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SX News

SX News was a weekly gay and lesbian newspaper based in Sydney, Australia.

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Taichung

Taichung, officially known as Taichung City, is a special municipality located in center-western Taiwan.

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Taichung City Government

The Taichung City Government is the local government of the Republic of China (Taiwan) that governs Taichung City.

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Testicle

The testicle or testis is the male reproductive gland in all animals, including humans.

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The Age

The Age is a daily newspaper that has been published in Melbourne, Australia, since 1854.

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The Atlantic

The Atlantic is an American magazine and multi-platform publisher, founded in 1857 as The Atlantic Monthly in Boston, Massachusetts.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The Independent

The Independent is a British online newspaper.

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The International Journal of Psychoanalysis

The International Journal of Psychoanalysis is an academic journal in the field of psychoanalysis.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The Observer

The Observer is a British newspaper published on Sundays.

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The Psychoanalytic Quarterly

The Psychoanalytic Quarterly is a quarterly academic journal of psychoanalysis established in 1932 and published by Wiley-Blackwell.

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The Washington Post

The Washington Post is a major American daily newspaper founded on December 6, 1877.

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Torture

Torture (from the Latin tortus, "twisted") is the act of deliberately inflicting physical or psychological pain in order to fulfill some desire of the torturer or compel some action from the victim.

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Triple J

Triple J (often triple j) is a government-funded, national Australian radio station intended to appeal to listeners between the ages of 18 and 34 which began broadcasting in January 1975.

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Truth Wins Out

Truth Wins Out (TWO) is an organization formed by Wayne Besen to fight what it considers "anti-gay religious extremism", especially the ex-gay movement.

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U.S. state

A state is a constituent political entity of the United States.

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United Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy

The United Kingdom Council for Psychotherapy (UKCP) is a professional association of psychotherapy organisations and practitioners in the United Kingdom.

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United Nations

The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation and to create and maintain international order.

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United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit

The United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit (in case citations, 9th Cir.) is a U.S. Federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts.

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University of California, Davis

The University of California, Davis (also referred to as UCD, UC Davis, or Davis), is a public research university and land-grant university as well as one of the 10 campuses of the University of California (UC) system.

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Valencian Community

The Valencian Community, or the Valencian Country, is an autonomous community of Spain.

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Vancouver

Vancouver is a coastal seaport city in western Canada, located in the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia.

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Victim blaming

Victim blaming occurs when the victim of a crime or any wrongful act is held entirely or partially at fault for the harm that befell them.

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Victoria (Australia)

Victoria (abbreviated as Vic) is a state in south-eastern Australia.

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Vienna

Vienna (Wien) is the federal capital and largest city of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria.

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Walter Jackson Freeman II

Walter Jackson Freeman II, M.D. (November 14, 1895 – May 31, 1972) was an American physician who specialized in lobotomy.

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Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington or D.C., is the capital of the United States of America.

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Western Australia

Western Australia (abbreviated as WA) is a state occupying the entire western third of Australia.

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Wilhelm Stekel

Wilhelm Stekel (18 March 1868 – 25 June 1940) was an Austrian physician and psychologist, who became one of Sigmund Freud's earliest followers, and was once described as "Freud's most distinguished pupil".

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World Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.

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World Psychiatric Association

The World Psychiatric Association is an international umbrella organisation of psychiatric societies.

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Yael German

No description.

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Zhumadian

Zhumadian (postal: Chumatien) is a prefecture-level city in southern Henan province, China.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversion_therapy

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