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Chirality (chemistry)

Index Chirality (chemistry)

Chirality is a geometric property of some molecules and ions. [1]

67 relations: Absolute configuration, Adamantane, Alfred Werner, Amino acid, Asymmetric carbon, Axial chirality, Benzyl alcohol, Biology, C2-Symmetric ligands, Calixarene, Caraway, Carvone, Chemical chirality in popular fiction, Chirality, Chirality (mathematics), Chirality (physics), Clockwise, Coordination complex, Cryptochirality, Cyclooctene, Delta (letter), Dextrorotation and levorotation, Enantiomer, Enantiomeric excess, Enantiopure drug, Enantioselective synthesis, Enzyme, Ferrocene, Fullerene, Hexol, Homochirality, Inherent chirality, Inorganic chemistry, Isomer, Jean-Baptiste Biot, Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Lambda, Linear polarization, Louis Pasteur, Mirror image, Molecular symmetry, Nitrogen inversion, Nonlinear optics, Optical rotation, Organic chemistry, Organometallic chemistry, P-Chiral phosphine, Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, Pfeiffer effect, Planar chirality, ..., Polarimeter, Polarimetry, Propadiene, Protein, Quartz, Racemic mixture, Sensory neuron, Spearmint, Stereochemistry, Stereoisomerism, Sugar, Supramolecular chirality, Symmetry operation, Tetrahedrane, Tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) chloride, William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, 1,1'-Bi-2-naphthol. Expand index (17 more) »

Absolute configuration

An absolute configuration refers to the spatial arrangement of the atoms of a chiral molecular entity (or group) and its stereochemical description e.g. R or S, referring to Rectus, or Sinister, respectively.

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Adamantane

Adamantane is a colorless, crystalline chemical compound with a camphor-like odor.

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Alfred Werner

Alfred Werner (12 December 1866 – 15 November 1919) was a Swiss chemist who was a student at ETH Zurich and a professor at the University of Zurich.

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Amino acid

Amino acids are organic compounds containing amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid.

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Asymmetric carbon

An asymmetric carbon atom (chiral carbon) is a carbon atom that is attached to four different types of atoms or groups of atoms.

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Axial chirality

Axial chirality is a special case of chirality in which a molecule does not possess a stereogenic center (the most common form of chirality in organic compounds) but an axis of chirality – an axis about which a set of substituents is held in a spatial arrangement that is not superposable on its mirror image.

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Benzyl alcohol

Benzyl alcohol is an aromatic alcohol with the formula C6H5CH2OH.

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Biology

Biology is the natural science that studies life and living organisms, including their physical structure, chemical composition, function, development and evolution.

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C2-Symmetric ligands

In homogeneous catalysis, a C2-symmetric ligands usually describes bidentate ligands that are dyssymmetric but not asymmetric by virtue of their C2-symmetry.

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Calixarene

A calixarene is a macrocycle or cyclic oligomer based on a hydroxyalkylation product of a phenol and an aldehyde.

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Caraway

Caraway, also known as meridian fennel, and Persian cumin, (Carum carvi) is a biennial plant in the family Apiaceae,USDA Plants native to western Asia, Europe, and North Africa.

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Carvone

Carvone is a member of a family of chemicals called terpenoids.

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Chemical chirality in popular fiction

The theme of chemical chirality, or the "handedness" of the molecular structure of certain substances, appears in many works of fiction.

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Chirality

Chirality is a property of asymmetry important in several branches of science.

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Chirality (mathematics)

In geometry, a figure is chiral (and said to have chirality) if it is not identical to its mirror image, or, more precisely, if it cannot be mapped to its mirror image by rotations and translations alone.

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Chirality (physics)

A chiral phenomenon is one that is not identical to its mirror image (see the article on mathematical chirality).

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Clockwise

Two-dimensional rotation can occur in two possible directions.

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Coordination complex

In chemistry, a coordination complex consists of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents.

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Cryptochirality

In stereochemistry, Cryptochirality is a special case of chirality in which a molecule is chiral but its specific rotation is non-measurable.

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Cyclooctene

Cyclooctene is a cycloalkene with an eight-membered ring.

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Delta (letter)

Delta (uppercase Δ, lowercase δ or 𝛿; δέλτα délta) is the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet.

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Dextrorotation and levorotation

Dextrorotation and levorotation (also spelled as laevorotation)The first word component dextro- comes from Latin word for dexter "right (as opposed to left)".

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Enantiomer

In chemistry, an enantiomer, also known as an optical isomer (and archaically termed antipode or optical antipode), is one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images of each other that are non-superposable (not identical), much as one's left and right hands are the same except for being reversed along one axis (the hands cannot be made to appear identical simply by reorientation).

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Enantiomeric excess

Enantiomeric excess (ee) is a measurement of purity used for chiral substances.

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Enantiopure drug

An enantiopure drug is a pharmaceutical that is available in one specific enantiomeric form.

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Enantioselective synthesis

Enantioselective synthesis, also called asymmetric synthesis, is a form of chemical synthesis.

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Enzyme

Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts.

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Ferrocene

Ferrocene is an organometallic compound with the formula Fe(C5H5)2.

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Fullerene

A fullerene is a molecule of carbon in the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid, tube, and many other shapes.

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Hexol

Hexol is the name for various salts of a coordination complex that has historical significance.

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Homochirality

Homochirality is a uniformity of chirality, or handedness.

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Inherent chirality

In chemistry, inherent chirality is a property of asymmetry in molecules arising, not from a stereogenic or chiral center, but from a twisting of the molecule in 3-D space.

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Inorganic chemistry

Inorganic chemistry deals with the synthesis and behavior of inorganic and organometallic compounds.

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Isomer

An isomer (from Greek ἰσομερής, isomerès; isos.

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Jean-Baptiste Biot

Jean-Baptiste Biot (21 April 1774 – 3 February 1862) was a French physicist, astronomer, and mathematician who established the reality of meteorites, made an early balloon flight, and studied the polarization of light.

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Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 1953 by the American Chemical Society.

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Lambda

Lambda, Λ, λ (uppercase Λ, lowercase λ; λάμ(β)δα lám(b)da) is the 11th letter of the Greek alphabet.

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Linear polarization

In electrodynamics, linear polarization or plane polarization of electromagnetic radiation is a confinement of the electric field vector or magnetic field vector to a given plane along the direction of propagation.

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Louis Pasteur

Louis Pasteur (December 27, 1822 – September 28, 1895) was a French biologist, microbiologist and chemist renowned for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation and pasteurization.

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Mirror image

A mirror image (in a plane mirror) is a reflected duplication of an object that appears almost identical, but is reversed in the direction perpendicular to the mirror surface.

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Molecular symmetry

Molecular symmetry in chemistry describes the symmetry present in molecules and the classification of molecules according to their symmetry.

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Nitrogen inversion

In chemistry, nitrogen inversion is a fluxional process in nitrogen and amines, whereby the molecule "turns inside out".

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Nonlinear optics

Nonlinear optics (NLO) is the branch of optics that describes the behavior of light in nonlinear media, that is, media in which the dielectric polarization P responds nonlinearly to the electric field E of the light.

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Optical rotation

Optical rotation or optical activity (sometimes referred to as rotary polarization) is the rotation of the plane of polarization of linearly polarized light as it travels through certain materials.

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Organic chemistry

Organic chemistry is a chemistry subdiscipline involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic materials, i.e., matter in its various forms that contain carbon atoms.

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Organometallic chemistry

Organometallic chemistry is the study of organometallic compounds, chemical compounds containing at least one chemical bond between a carbon atom of an organic molecule and a metal, including alkaline, alkaline earth, and transition metals, and sometimes broadened to include metalloids like boron, silicon, and tin, as well.

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P-Chiral phosphine

P-Chiral phosphines are organophosphorus compounds of the formula PRR'R", where R, R', R".

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Perspectives in Biology and Medicine

Perspectives in Biology and Medicine is a peer-reviewed academic journal established in 1957.

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Pfeiffer effect

The Pfeiffer effect is an optical phenomenon whereby the presence of an optically active compound influences the optical rotation of a racemic mixture of a second compound.

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Planar chirality

Planar chirality is the special case of chirality for two dimensions.

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Polarimeter

A polarimeter is a scientific instrument used to measure the angle of rotation caused by passing polarized light through an optically active substance.

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Polarimetry

Polarimetry is the measurement and interpretation of the polarization of transverse waves, most notably electromagnetic waves, such as radio or light waves.

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Propadiene

Propadiene is the organic compound with the formula H2C.

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Protein

Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.

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Quartz

Quartz is a mineral composed of silicon and oxygen atoms in a continuous framework of SiO4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra, with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra, giving an overall chemical formula of SiO2.

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Racemic mixture

In chemistry, a racemic mixture, or racemate, is one that has equal amounts of left- and right-handed enantiomers of a chiral molecule.

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Sensory neuron

Sensory neurons also known as afferent neurons are neurons that convert a specific type of stimulus, via their receptors, into action potentials or graded potentials.

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Spearmint

Spearmint (binomial Mentha spicata, synonym Mentha viridis), also known as garden mint, common mint, lamb mint and mackerel mint, is a species of mint native to much of Europe and Asia (Middle East, Himalayas, China etc.), and naturalized in parts of northern and western Africa, North America, and South America, as well as various oceanic islands.

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Stereochemistry

Stereochemistry, a subdiscipline of chemistry, involves the study of the relative spatial arrangement of atoms that form the structure of molecules and their manipulation.

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Stereoisomerism

In stereochemistry, stereoisomers are isomeric molecules that have the same molecular formula and sequence of bonded atoms (constitution), but differ in the three-dimensional orientations of their atoms in space.

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Sugar

Sugar is the generic name for sweet-tasting, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food.

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Supramolecular chirality

In chemistry, the term supramolecular chirality is used to describe supramolecular assemblies that are non-superposable on their mirror images.

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Symmetry operation

In the context of molecular symmetry, a symmetry operation is a permutation of atoms such that the molecule or crystal is transformed into a state indistinguishable from the starting state.

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Tetrahedrane

Tetrahedrane is a platonic hydrocarbon with chemical formula and a tetrahedral structure.

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Tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) chloride

Tris(bipyridine)ruthenium(II) chloride is the coordination compound with the formula Cl2.

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William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin

William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin, (26 June 1824 – 17 December 1907) was a Scots-Irish mathematical physicist and engineer who was born in Belfast in 1824.

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1,1'-Bi-2-naphthol

1,1'-Bi-2-naphthol (BINOL) is an organic compound that is often used as a ligand for transition-metal catalysed asymmetric synthesis.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality_(chemistry)

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