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83 relations: Accretion disk, Advection, Altimeter, Altitude, Amundsen Sea, Angular momentum, Angular velocity, Antarctica, Anticyclone, Atmosphere, Atmosphere of Earth, Atmospheric wave, Baroclinity, Barotropic fluid, Buoyancy, Carl-Gustaf Rossby, Convection, Coriolis force, Cyclone, Dispersion relation, Earth radius, Earth's rotation, Eastern Canada, El Niño, Ellsworth Land, Equatorial Rossby wave, Equatorial wave, European Environment Agency, General circulation model, Global warming, Group velocity, Hans Joachim Schellnhuber, Harmonic, Harmonic oscillator, Heat transfer, Inertial wave, Jet stream, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, Jupiter, Kelvin wave, Latitude, Marie Byrd Land, Meander, Method of undetermined coefficients, Michael E. Mann, Middle latitudes, Momentum, Nature Geoscience, Northeastern United States, Oceanic basin, ..., Orography, Pacific Ocean, Phase velocity, Planet, Polar vortex, Potential vorticity, Pressure system, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Rossby parameter, Rossby wave instability in astrophysical discs, Rossby whistle, Satellite, Scientific Reports, Speed, Stefan Rahmstorf, Stratosphere, Stream function, Sudden stratospheric warming, Synoptic scale meteorology, Thermocline, Troposphere, Waveguide, Wavenumber, Weather, West Antarctica, Western Europe, Wind, Wind stress, Zonal and meridional, 2003 European heat wave, 2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves, 2010 Pakistan floods, 2013 European floods. Expand index (33 more) »
Accretion disk
An accretion disk is a structure (often a circumstellar disk) formed by diffused material in orbital motion around a massive central body.
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Advection
In the field of physics, engineering, and earth sciences, advection is the transport of a substance by bulk motion.
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Altimeter
An altimeter or an altitude meter is an instrument used to measure the altitude of an object above a fixed level.
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Altitude
Altitude or height (sometimes known as depth) is defined based on the context in which it is used (aviation, geometry, geographical survey, sport, atmospheric pressure, and many more).
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Amundsen Sea
The Amundsen Sea, an arm of the Southern Ocean off Marie Byrd Land in western Antarctica, lies between Cape Flying Fish (the northwestern tip of Thurston Island) to the east and Cape Dart on Siple Island to the west.
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Angular momentum
In physics, angular momentum (rarely, moment of momentum or rotational momentum) is the rotational equivalent of linear momentum.
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Angular velocity
In physics, the angular velocity of a particle is the rate at which it rotates around a chosen center point: that is, the time rate of change of its angular displacement relative to the origin.
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Antarctica
Antarctica is Earth's southernmost continent.
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Anticyclone
An anticyclone (that is, opposite to a cyclone) is a weather phenomenon defined by the United States National Weather Service's glossary as "a large-scale circulation of winds around a central region of high atmospheric pressure, clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere, counterclockwise in the Southern Hemisphere".
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Atmosphere
An atmosphere is a layer or a set of layers of gases surrounding a planet or other material body, that is held in place by the gravity of that body.
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Atmosphere of Earth
The atmosphere of Earth is the layer of gases, commonly known as air, that surrounds the planet Earth and is retained by Earth's gravity.
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Atmospheric wave
An atmospheric wave is a periodic disturbance in the fields of atmospheric variables (like surface pressure or geopotential height, temperature, or wind velocity) which may either propagate (traveling wave) or not (standing wave).
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Baroclinity
In fluid dynamics, the baroclinity (often called baroclinicity) of a stratified fluid is a measure of how misaligned the gradient of pressure is from the gradient of density in a fluid.
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Barotropic fluid
In fluid dynamics, a barotropic fluid is a fluid whose density is a function of pressure only.
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Buoyancy
In physics, buoyancy or upthrust, is an upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object.
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Carl-Gustaf Rossby
Carl-Gustaf Arvid Rossby (28 December 1898 – 19 August 1957) was a Swedish-born American meteorologist who first explained the large-scale motions of the atmosphere in terms of fluid mechanics.
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Convection
Convection is the heat transfer due to bulk movement of molecules within fluids such as gases and liquids, including molten rock (rheid).
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Coriolis force
In physics, the Coriolis force is an inertial force that acts on objects that are in motion relative to a rotating reference frame.
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Cyclone
In meteorology, a cyclone is a large scale air mass that rotates around a strong center of low atmospheric pressure.
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Dispersion relation
In physical sciences and electrical engineering, dispersion relations describe the effect of dispersion in a medium on the properties of a wave traveling within that medium.
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Earth radius
Earth radius is the approximate distance from Earth's center to its surface, about.
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Earth's rotation
Earth's rotation is the rotation of Planet Earth around its own axis.
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Eastern Canada
Eastern Canada (also the Eastern provinces) is generally considered to be the region of Canada east of Manitoba, consisting of the following provinces.
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El Niño
El Niño is the warm phase of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (commonly called ENSO) and is associated with a band of warm ocean water that develops in the central and east-central equatorial Pacific (between approximately the International Date Line and 120°W), including off the Pacific coast of South America.
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Ellsworth Land
Ellsworth Land is that portion of the Antarctic continent bounded on the west by Marie Byrd Land, on the north by Bellingshausen Sea, on the northeast by the base of Antarctic Peninsula, and on the east by the western margin of Ronne Ice Shelf.
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Equatorial Rossby wave
Equatorial Rossby waves, often called planetary waves, are very long, low frequency waves found near the equator and are derived using the equatorial beta plane approximation.
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Equatorial wave
Equatorial waves are ocean waves trapped close to the equator, meaning that they decay rapidly away from the equator, but can propagate in the longitudinal and vertical directions.
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European Environment Agency
The European Environment Agency (EEA) is the agency of the European Union (EU) that provides independent information on the environment, thereby helping those involved in developing, adopting, implementing and evaluating environmental policy, as well as informing the general public.
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General circulation model
A general circulation model (GCM) is a type of climate model.
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Global warming
Global warming, also referred to as climate change, is the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.
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Group velocity
The group velocity of a wave is the velocity with which the overall shape of the wave's amplitudes—known as the modulation or envelope of the wave—propagates through space.
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Hans Joachim Schellnhuber
Hans Joachim "John" Schellnhuber (born 7 June 1950) is a German theoretical physicist and founding director of the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) and ex-chair of the German Advisory Council on Global Change (WBGU).
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Harmonic
A harmonic is any member of the harmonic series, a divergent infinite series.
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Harmonic oscillator
In classical mechanics, a harmonic oscillator is a system that, when displaced from its equilibrium position, experiences a restoring force, F, proportional to the displacement, x: where k is a positive constant.
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Heat transfer
Heat transfer is a discipline of thermal engineering that concerns the generation, use, conversion, and exchange of thermal energy (heat) between physical systems.
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Inertial wave
Inertial waves, also known as inertial oscillations, are a type of mechanical wave possible in rotating fluids.
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Jet stream
Jet streams are fast flowing, narrow, meandering air currents in the atmospheres of some planets, including Earth.
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Journal of Fluid Mechanics
The Journal of Fluid Mechanics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in the field of fluid mechanics.
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Jupiter
Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System.
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Kelvin wave
A Kelvin wave is a wave in the ocean or atmosphere that balances the Earth's Coriolis force against a topographic boundary such as a coastline, or a waveguide such as the equator.
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Latitude
In geography, latitude is a geographic coordinate that specifies the north–south position of a point on the Earth's surface.
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Marie Byrd Land
Marie Byrd Land is the portion of West Antarctica lying east of the Ross Ice Shelf and the Ross Sea and south of the Pacific Ocean, extending eastward approximately to a line between the head of the Ross Ice Shelf and Eights Coast.
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Meander
A meander is one of a series of regular sinuous curves, bends, loops, turns, or windings in the channel of a river, stream, or other watercourse.
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Method of undetermined coefficients
In mathematics, the method of undetermined coefficients is an approach to finding a particular solution to certain nonhomogeneous ordinary differential equations and recurrence relations.
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Michael E. Mann
Michael E. Mann (born December 28, 1965) is an American climatologist and geophysicist, currently director of the Earth System Science Center at Pennsylvania State University, who has contributed to the scientific understanding of historic climate change based on the temperature record of the past thousand years.
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Middle latitudes
The middle latitudes (also called the mid-latitudes, sometimes midlatitudes, or moderate latitudes) of Earth lie between 23°26'22" and 66°33'39" north, and between 23°26'22" and 66°33'39" south.
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Momentum
In Newtonian mechanics, linear momentum, translational momentum, or simply momentum (pl. momenta) is the product of the mass and velocity of an object.
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Nature Geoscience
Nature Geoscience is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Nature Publishing Group.
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Northeastern United States
The Northeastern United States, also referred to as the American Northeast or simply the Northeast, is a geographical region of the United States bordered to the north by Canada, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the south by the Southern United States, and to the west by the Midwestern United States.
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Oceanic basin
In hydrology, an oceanic basin may be anywhere on Earth that is covered by seawater but geologically ocean basins are large geologic basins that are below sea level.
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Orography
Orography (from the Greek όρος, hill, γραφία, to write) is the study of the topographic relief of mountains, and can more broadly include hills, and any part of a region's elevated terrain.
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Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's oceanic divisions.
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Phase velocity
The phase velocity of a wave is the rate at which the phase of the wave propagates in space.
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Planet
A planet is an astronomical body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that is massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity, is not massive enough to cause thermonuclear fusion, and has cleared its neighbouring region of planetesimals.
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Polar vortex
A polar vortex is an upper level low-pressure area lying near the Earth's poles.
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Potential vorticity
Potential vorticity (PV) is seen as one of the important theoretical successes of modern meteorology.
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Pressure system
A pressure system is a relative peak or lull in the sea level pressure distribution.
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS) is the official scientific journal of the National Academy of Sciences, published since 1915.
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Rossby parameter
The Rossby parameter (or simply beta \beta) is a number used in geophysics and meteorology which arises due to the meridional variation of the Coriolis force caused by the spherical shape of the Earth.
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Rossby wave instability in astrophysical discs
Rossby Wave Instability (RWI) is a concept related to astrophysical discs.
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Rossby whistle
The Rossby whistle is the oscillation of sea-level and bottom pressure in the Caribbean Sea with the period of 120 days and influenced by propagating westward oceanic Rossby wave.
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Satellite
In the context of spaceflight, a satellite is an artificial object which has been intentionally placed into orbit.
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Scientific Reports
Scientific Reports is an online open access scientific mega journal published by the Nature Publishing Group, covering all areas of the natural sciences.
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Speed
In everyday use and in kinematics, the speed of an object is the magnitude of its velocity (the rate of change of its position); it is thus a scalar quantity.
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Stefan Rahmstorf
Stefan Rahmstorf (born 22 February 1960) is a German oceanographer and climatologist.
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Stratosphere
The stratosphere is the second major layer of Earth's atmosphere, just above the troposphere, and below the mesosphere.
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Stream function
The stream function is defined for incompressible (divergence-free) flows in two dimensions – as well as in three dimensions with axisymmetry.
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Sudden stratospheric warming
A sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) is an event in which the observed stratospheric temperature rises by several tens of kelvins (up to about 50 °C (90 °F)), over the course of a few days.
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Synoptic scale meteorology
The synoptic scale in meteorology (also known as large scale or cyclonic scale) is a horizontal length scale of the order of 1000 kilometers (about 620 miles) or more.
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Thermocline
A thermocline (also known as the thermal layer or the metalimnion in lakes) is a thin but distinct layer in a large body of fluid (e.g. water, such as an ocean or lake) or air (such as an atmosphere) in which temperature changes more rapidly with depth than it does in the layers above or below.
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Troposphere
The troposphere is the lowest layer of Earth's atmosphere, and is also where nearly all weather conditions take place.
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Waveguide
A waveguide is a structure that guides waves, such as electromagnetic waves or sound, with minimal loss of energy by restricting expansion to one dimension or two.
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Wavenumber
In the physical sciences, the wavenumber (also wave number or repetency) is the spatial frequency of a wave, measured in cycles per unit distance or radians per unit distance.
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Weather
Weather is the state of the atmosphere, describing for example the degree to which it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy.
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West Antarctica
West Antarctica, or Lesser Antarctica, one of the two major regions of Antarctica, is the part of that continent that lies within the Western Hemisphere, and includes the Antarctic Peninsula.
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Western Europe
Western Europe is the region comprising the western part of Europe.
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Wind
Wind is the flow of gases on a large scale.
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Wind stress
In physical oceanography and fluid dynamics, the wind stress is the shear stress exerted by the wind on the surface of large bodies of water – such as oceans, seas, estuaries and lakes.
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Zonal and meridional
The terms zonal and meridional are used to describe directions on a globe.
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2003 European heat wave
The 2003 European heat wave led to the hottest summer on record in Europe since at least 1540.
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2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves
The 2010 Northern Hemisphere summer heat waves included severe heat waves that impacted most of the United States, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China, Hong Kong, North Africa and the European continent as a whole, along with parts of Canada, Russia, Indochina, South Korea and Japan during May, June, July, and August 2010.
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2010 Pakistan floods
The floods in Pakistan began in late July 2010, resulting from heavy monsoon rains in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sindh, Punjab and, Balochistan regions of Pakistan, which affected the Indus River basin.
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2013 European floods
Extreme flooding in Central Europe began after several days of heavy rain in late May and early June 2013.
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Planetary wave, Planetary wave resonance, Planetary waves, Rossby Wave, Rossby Waves, Rossby waves.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rossby_wave
