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88 relations: Alan Turing, Allies of World War II, AT&T Corporation, Athens, Baudot code, BBC News, Bell Labs, Berlin, Bit, Bletchley Park, Boolean algebra, Brady Haran, Broadcasting House (radio programme), C. Lorenz AG, Camberwell, Chi (letter), Ciphertext, Colossus computer, Combined Cipher Machine, Computer, Coprime integers, Cryptanalysis, Cryptanalysis of the Lorenz cipher, Denmark Hill, Deutsches Museum, Dollis Hill, Donald Davies, EBay, Electrical telegraph, ENIAC, Enigma machine, Exclusive or, Fish (cryptography), German Army (Wehrmacht), Gilbert Vernam, Government Communications Headquarters, Heath Robinson (codebreaking machine), Hut 8, Jerry Roberts, John Tiltman, Kent, Key (cryptography), Keystream, Knockholt, Max Newman, Metropolitan Police Service, Military intelligence, Modular arithmetic, Morse code, Mu (letter), ..., Multiplication, National Cryptologic Museum, Newmanry, Oberkommando der Wehrmacht, One-time pad, Paderborn, Peter Benenson, Peter Hilton, Plaintext, Post Office Research Station, Pseudorandom number generator, Psi (letter), Punched tape, Ralph Tester, Reverse engineering, Rotor machine, Roy Jenkins, Shaun Wylie, Siemens and Halske T52, Southend-on-Sea, Stored-program computer, Stream cipher, Symmetric-key algorithm, Teleprinter, Testery, The Guardian, The National Museum of Computing, TICOM, Tommy Flowers, Truth table, Turingery, Ultra, University of Waterloo, Vienna, W. T. Tutte, Wireless telegraphy, World War II, Y-stations. Expand index (38 more) »
Alan Turing
Alan Mathison Turing (23 June 1912 – 7 June 1954) was an English computer scientist, mathematician, logician, cryptanalyst, philosopher, and theoretical biologist.
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Allies of World War II
The Allies of World War II, called the United Nations from the 1 January 1942 declaration, were the countries that together opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War (1939–1945).
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AT&T Corporation
AT&T Corp., originally the American Telephone and Telegraph Company, is the subsidiary of AT&T that provides voice, video, data, and Internet telecommunications and professional services to businesses, consumers, and government agencies.
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Athens
Athens (Αθήνα, Athína; Ἀθῆναι, Athênai) is the capital and largest city of Greece.
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Baudot code
The Baudot code, invented by Émile Baudot, is a character set predating EBCDIC and ASCII.
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BBC News
BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs.
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Bell Labs
Nokia Bell Labs (formerly named AT&T Bell Laboratories, Bell Telephone Laboratories and Bell Labs) is an American research and scientific development company, owned by Finnish company Nokia.
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Berlin
Berlin is the capital and the largest city of Germany, as well as one of its 16 constituent states.
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Bit
The bit (a portmanteau of binary digit) is a basic unit of information used in computing and digital communications.
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Bletchley Park
Bletchley Park was the central site for British (and subsequently, Allied) codebreakers during World War II.
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Boolean algebra
In mathematics and mathematical logic, Boolean algebra is the branch of algebra in which the values of the variables are the truth values true and false, usually denoted 1 and 0 respectively.
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Brady Haran
Brady John Haran (born 18 June 1976) is an Australian-born British independent filmmaker and video journalist who is known for his educational videos and documentary films produced for BBC News and his YouTube channels, the most notable being Periodic Videos and Numberphile.
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Broadcasting House (radio programme)
Broadcasting House is a current affairs programme on BBC Radio 4, presented by Paddy O'Connell.
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C. Lorenz AG
C.
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Camberwell
Camberwell is a district of south London, England, within the London Borough of Southwark.
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Chi (letter)
Chi (uppercase Χ, lowercase χ; χῖ) is the 22nd letter of the Greek alphabet, pronounced or in English.
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Ciphertext
In cryptography, ciphertext or cyphertext is the result of encryption performed on plaintext using an algorithm, called a cipher.
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Colossus computer
Colossus was a set of computers developed by British codebreakers in the years 1943–1945 to help in the cryptanalysis of the Lorenz cipher.
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Combined Cipher Machine
The Combined Cipher Machine (CCM) (or Combined Cypher Machine) was a common cipher machine system for securing Allied communications during World War II and for a few years after amongst NATO.
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Computer
A computer is a device that can be instructed to carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations automatically via computer programming.
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Coprime integers
In number theory, two integers and are said to be relatively prime, mutually prime, or coprime (also written co-prime) if the only positive integer (factor) that divides both of them is 1.
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Cryptanalysis
Cryptanalysis (from the Greek kryptós, "hidden", and analýein, "to loosen" or "to untie") is the study of analyzing information systems in order to study the hidden aspects of the systems.
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Cryptanalysis of the Lorenz cipher
Cryptanalysis of the Lorenz cipher was the process that enabled the British to read high-level German army messages during World War II.
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Denmark Hill
Denmark Hill is an area and road in Camberwell, in the London Borough of Southwark.
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Deutsches Museum
The Deutsches Museum (German Museum) in Munich, Germany, is the world's largest museum of science and technology, with about 28,000 exhibited objects from 50 fields of science and technology.
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Dollis Hill
Dollis Hill is an area in northwest London, which consists of the streets surrounding the 35 hectares (86 acres) Gladstone Park.
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Donald Davies
Donald Watts Davies, CBE, FRS (7 June 1924 – 28 May 2000) was a Welsh computer scientist who was employed at the UK National Physical Laboratory (NPL).
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EBay
eBay Inc. is a multinational e-commerce corporation based in San Jose, California that facilitates consumer-to-consumer and business-to-consumer sales through its website.
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Electrical telegraph
An electrical telegraph is a telegraph that uses electrical signals, usually conveyed via dedicated telecommunication circuit or radio.
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ENIAC
ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was amongst the earliest electronic general-purpose computers made.
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Enigma machine
The Enigma machines were a series of electro-mechanical rotor cipher machines developed and used in the early- to mid-20th century to protect commercial, diplomatic and military communication.
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Exclusive or
Exclusive or or exclusive disjunction is a logical operation that outputs true only when inputs differ (one is true, the other is false).
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Fish (cryptography)
Fish (sometimes FISH) was the UK's GC&CS Bletchley Park codename for any of several German teleprinter stream ciphers used during World War II.
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German Army (Wehrmacht)
The German Army (Heer) was the land forces component of the Wehrmacht, the regular German Armed Forces, from 1935 until it was demobilized and later dissolved in August 1946.
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Gilbert Vernam
Gilbert Sandford Vernam (3 April 1890 – 7 February 1960) was a Worcester Polytechnic Institute 1914 graduate and AT&T Bell Labs engineer who, in 1917, invented an additive polyalphabetic stream cipher and later co-invented an automated one-time pad cipher.
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Government Communications Headquarters
The Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) is an intelligence and security organisation responsible for providing signals intelligence (SIGINT) and information assurance to the government and armed forces of the United Kingdom.
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Heath Robinson (codebreaking machine)
Heath Robinson was a machine used by British codebreakers at the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park during World War II in Cryptanalysis of the Lorenz cipher.
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Hut 8
Hut 8 was a section in the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park (the British World War II codebreaking station) tasked with solving German naval (Kriegsmarine) Enigma messages.
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Jerry Roberts
Captain Raymond C. "Jerry" Roberts, MBE (18 November 1920 – 25 March 2014) was a British wartime codebreaker and businessman.
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John Tiltman
Brigadier John Hessell Tiltman CMG CBE MC (25 May 1894 – 10 August 1982) was a British Army officer who worked in intelligence, often at or with the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) starting in the 1920s.
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Kent
Kent is a county in South East England and one of the home counties.
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Key (cryptography)
In cryptography, a key is a piece of information (a parameter) that determines the functional output of a cryptographic algorithm.
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Keystream
In cryptography, a keystream is a stream of random or pseudorandom characters that are combined with a plaintext message to produce an encrypted message (the ciphertext).
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Knockholt
Knockholt is a village and civil parish in the Sevenoaks District of Kent, England, lying approximately south of Orpington and northwest of Sevenoaks.
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Max Newman
Maxwell Herman Alexander Newman, FRS, (7 February 1897 – 22 February 1984), generally known as Max Newman, was a British mathematician and codebreaker.
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Metropolitan Police Service
The Metropolitan Police Service (MPS), commonly known as the Metropolitan Police and informally as the Met, is the territorial police force responsible for law enforcement in Greater London, excluding the "square mile" of the City of London, which is the responsibility of the City of London Police.
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Military intelligence
Military intelligence is a military discipline that uses information collection and analysis approaches to provide guidance and direction to assist commanders in their decisions.
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Modular arithmetic
In mathematics, modular arithmetic is a system of arithmetic for integers, where numbers "wrap around" upon reaching a certain value—the modulus (plural moduli).
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Morse code
Morse code is a method of transmitting text information as a series of on-off tones, lights, or clicks that can be directly understood by a skilled listener or observer without special equipment.
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Mu (letter)
Mu (uppercase Μ, lowercase μ; Ancient Greek μῦ, μι or μυ—both) or my is the 12th letter of the Greek alphabet.
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Multiplication
Multiplication (often denoted by the cross symbol "×", by a point "⋅", by juxtaposition, or, on computers, by an asterisk "∗") is one of the four elementary mathematical operations of arithmetic; with the others being addition, subtraction and division.
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National Cryptologic Museum
The National Cryptologic Museum (NCM) is an American museum of cryptologic history that is affiliated with the National Security Agency (NSA).
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Newmanry
The Newmanry was a section at Bletchley Park, the British codebreaking station during World War II.
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Oberkommando der Wehrmacht
The Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW, "High Command of the Armed Forces") was the High Command of the Wehrmacht (armed forces) of Nazi Germany during World War II.
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One-time pad
In cryptography, the one-time pad (OTP) is an encryption technique that cannot be cracked, but requires the use of a one-time pre-shared key the same size as, or longer than, the message being sent.
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Paderborn
Paderborn is a city in eastern North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, capital of the Paderborn district.
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Peter Benenson
Peter Benenson (31 July 1921 – 25 February 2005) was a British lawyer and the founder of human rights group Amnesty International (AI).
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Peter Hilton
Peter John Hilton (7 April 1923Peter Hilton, "On all Sorts of Automorphisms", The American Mathematical Monthly, 92(9), November 1985, p. 6506 November 2010) was a British mathematician, noted for his contributions to homotopy theory and for code-breaking during the Second World War.
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Plaintext
In cryptography, plaintext or cleartext is unencrypted information, as opposed to information encrypted for storage or transmission.
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Post Office Research Station
The Post Office Research Station at Dollis Hill, north west London, was first established in 1925 and opened by Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald in 1933.
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Pseudorandom number generator
A pseudorandom number generator (PRNG), also known as a deterministic random bit generator (DRBG), is an algorithm for generating a sequence of numbers whose properties approximate the properties of sequences of random numbers.
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Psi (letter)
Psi (uppercase Ψ, lowercase ψ; psi) is the 23rd letter of the Greek alphabet and has a numeric value of 700.
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Punched tape
Punched tape or perforated paper tape is a form of data storage, consisting of a long strip of paper in which holes are punched to store data.
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Ralph Tester
Ralph Paterson Tester (2 June 1902 – May 1998) was an administrator at Bletchley Park, the British codebreaking station during World War II.
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Reverse engineering
Reverse engineering, also called back engineering, is the process by which a man-made object is deconstructed to reveal its designs, architecture, or to extract knowledge from the object; similar to scientific research, the only difference being that scientific research is about a natural phenomenon.
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Rotor machine
In cryptography, a rotor machine is an electro-mechanical stream cipher device used for encrypting and decrypting secret messages.
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Roy Jenkins
Roy Harris Jenkins, Baron Jenkins of Hillhead, (11 November 1920 – 5 January 2003) was a British Labour Party, SDP and Liberal Democrat politician, and biographer of British political leaders.
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Shaun Wylie
Shaun Wylie (17 January 1913 – 2 October 2009, The Times, 5 November 2009., Trinity Hall, Cambridge, UK.) was a British mathematician and World War II codebreaker.
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Siemens and Halske T52
The Siemens & Halske T52, also known as the Geheimschreiber ("secret teleprinter"), or Schlüsselfernschreibmaschine (SFM), was a World War II German cipher machine and teleprinter produced by the electrical engineering firm Siemens & Halske.
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Southend-on-Sea
Southend-on-Sea, commonly referred to as simply Southend, is a town and wider unitary authority area with borough status in southeastern Essex, England.
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Stored-program computer
A stored-program computer is a computer that stores program instructions in electronic memory.
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Stream cipher
A stream cipher is a symmetric key cipher where plaintext digits are combined with a pseudorandom cipher digit stream (keystream).
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Symmetric-key algorithm
Symmetric-key algorithms are algorithms for cryptography that use the same cryptographic keys for both encryption of plaintext and decryption of ciphertext.
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Teleprinter
A teleprinter (teletypewriter, Teletype or TTY) is an electromechanical typewriter that can be used to send and receive typed messages through various communications channels, in both point-to-point and point-to-multipoint configurations.
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Testery
The Testery was a section at Bletchley Park, the British codebreaking station during World War II.
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The Guardian
The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.
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The National Museum of Computing
The National Museum of Computing is a museum in the United Kingdom dedicated to collecting and restoring historic computer systems.
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TICOM
TICOM (Target Intelligence Committee) was a secret Allied project formed in World War II to find and seize German intelligence assets, particularly in the field of cryptology and signals intelligence.
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Tommy Flowers
Thomas Harold Flowers, MBE (22 December 1905 – 28 October 1998) was an English engineer with the British Post Office.
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Truth table
A truth table is a mathematical table used in logic—specifically in connection with Boolean algebra, boolean functions, and propositional calculus—which sets out the functional values of logical expressions on each of their functional arguments, that is, for each combination of values taken by their logical variables (Enderton, 2001).
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Turingery
Turingery in Testery Methods 1942-1944 or Turing's Method (playfully dubbed Turingismus by Peter Ericsson, Peter Hilton and Donald Michie) was a hand codebreaking method devised in July 1942 by the mathematician and cryptanalyst Alan Turing at the British Government Code and Cypher School at Bletchley Park during World War II.
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Ultra
Ultra was the designation adopted by British military intelligence in June 1941 for wartime signals intelligence obtained by breaking high-level encrypted enemy radio and teleprinter communications at the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS) at Bletchley Park.
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University of Waterloo
The University of Waterloo (commonly referred to as Waterloo, UW, or UWaterloo) is a public research university with a main campus in Waterloo, Ontario.
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Vienna
Vienna (Wien) is the federal capital and largest city of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria.
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W. T. Tutte
William Thomas "Bill" Tutte OC FRS FRSC (14 May 1917 – 2 May 2002) was a British codebreaker and mathematician.
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Wireless telegraphy
Wireless telegraphy is the transmission of telegraphy signals from one point to another by means of an electromagnetic, electrostatic or magnetic field, or by electrical current through the earth or water.
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World War II
World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.
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Y-stations
Y-stations were British signals intelligence collection sites established during the First World War and used again during the Second World War.
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Redirects here:
Lorentz Cipher, Lorentz Cypher, Lorentz Machine, Lorenz Cipher, Lorenz Machine, Lorenz S42, Lorenz SZ 40, Lorenz SZ 40/42, Lorenz SZ40/42, Lorenz SZ42, Lorenz cypher, Lorenz machine, SZ40, Schlusselzusatz 40, TUNNY, Tunny (code name), Tunny (cryptography), Tunny decrypts.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenz_cipher
