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677 relations: 'Asir Province, 'Uruq Bani Ma'arid, Abaya, Abbasid Caliphate, Abdul Rahman bin Faisal Al Saud (1850–1928), Abdul Rahman Munif, Abdullah bin Ali Al Uyuni, Abdullah of Saudi Arabia, Abraham in Islam, Absolute monarchy, Abu Bakr, Academic Ranking of World Universities, Acheulean, Acropora, Aden, AFC Asian Cup, Affirmative action, Africa, Afro-Arabs, Agal (accessory), Agnosticism, Al Arabiya English, Al ash-Sheikh, Al Bahah, Al Dirah (Riyadh), Al Fallah, Al Jazeera Arabic, Al-Ahsa Governorate, Al-Ahsa Oasis, Al-Bahah Province, Al-Balad, Jeddah, Al-Jawf Province, Al-Kharj, Al-Magar, Al-Muntafiq, Al-Qaeda, Al-Qatt Al-Asiri, Al-Ula, Ali, Alkali basalt, Allah, Alleged Saudi role in the September 11 attacks, Allegiance Council, Allies of World War I, Almarai, AlSaudiah, AMEinfo.com, Amnesty International, Anti-Defamation League, Antisemitism, ... Expand index (627 more) »
- 1932 establishments in Saudi Arabia
- Arabian Peninsula
- Countries and territories where Arabic is an official language
- G20 members
- Islamic monarchies
- Kingdoms
- Member states of OPEC
- Member states of the Arab League
- Member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council
- Middle Eastern countries
- States and territories established in 1932
- West Asian countries
'Asir Province
ʿAsir (ʿAsīr), also spelled Aseer, is a province (minṭaqah) in the southwest of Saudi Arabia, which is named after the ʿAsīr tribe.
See Saudi Arabia and 'Asir Province
'Uruq Bani Ma'arid
Uruq Bani Ma'arid (عروق بني معارض) is a protected area in southern Saudi Arabia, located on the western edge of the Rub' al Khali (Empty Quarter), the largest sandy desert in the world.
See Saudi Arabia and 'Uruq Bani Ma'arid
Abaya
The abaya (colloquially and more commonly, عباية, especially in Literary Arabic: عباءة; plural عبايات, عباءات), sometimes also called an aba, is a simple, loose over-garment, essentially a robe-like dress, worn by some women in the Muslim world including most of the Middle East, North Africa, and parts of the Horn of Africa.
Abbasid Caliphate
The Abbasid Caliphate or Abbasid Empire (translit) was the third caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
See Saudi Arabia and Abbasid Caliphate
Abdul Rahman bin Faisal Al Saud (1850–1928)
Abdul Rahman bin Faisal Al Saud (عبد الرحمن بن فيصل آل سعود ʿAbd ar Raḥman bin Fayṣal Āl Saʿūd; 1850 – June 1928) was the last emir of Nejd, reigning from 1875 to 1876 and from 1889 to 1891.
See Saudi Arabia and Abdul Rahman bin Faisal Al Saud (1850–1928)
Abdul Rahman Munif
Abdul Rahman bin Ibrahim al-Munif (عَبْد الرَّحْمٰن بِن إِبْرَاهِيمالمُنِيف; May 29, 1933 – January 24, 2004), also known as Abdelrahman Munif, was a novelist, short story writer, memoirist, journalist, thinker, and cultural critic.
See Saudi Arabia and Abdul Rahman Munif
Abdullah bin Ali Al Uyuni
Abdullah bin Ali bin Muhammad bin Ibrahim bin Muhammad Al-Marri Al-Abdi Al Uyuni (عبد الله بن علي بن محمد بن إبراهيمبن محمد المري العبدي الرعي العيوني) was the founder and Emir of the Uyunid Emirate ruling from 1074 to 1107.
See Saudi Arabia and Abdullah bin Ali Al Uyuni
Abdullah of Saudi Arabia
Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (عبد الله بن عبدالعزيز آل سعود ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al ʿAzīz Āl Saʿūd, Najdi Arabic pronunciation:; 1 August 1924 – 23 January 2015) was King and Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia from 1 August 2005 until his death in 2015.
See Saudi Arabia and Abdullah of Saudi Arabia
Abraham in Islam
Abraham was a prophet and messenger of God according to Islam, and an ancestor to the Ishmaelite Arabs and Israelites.
See Saudi Arabia and Abraham in Islam
Absolute monarchy
Absolute monarchy is a form of monarchy in which the sovereign is the sole source of political power, unconstrained by constitutions, legislatures or other checks on their authority.
See Saudi Arabia and Absolute monarchy
Abu Bakr
Abd Allah ibn Abi Quhafa (23 August 634), commonly known by the kunya Abu Bakr, was the first caliph, ruling from 632 until his death in 634.
Academic Ranking of World Universities
The Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), also known as the Shanghai Ranking, is one of the annual publications of world university rankings.
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Acheulean
Acheulean (also Acheulian and Mode II), from the French after the type site of Saint-Acheul, is an archaeological industry of stone tool manufacture characterized by the distinctive oval and pear-shaped "hand axes" associated with Homo erectus and derived species such as Homo heidelbergensis.
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Acropora
Acropora is a genus of small polyp stony coral in the phylum Cnidaria.
Aden
Aden (Old South Arabian: 𐩲𐩵𐩬) is a port city located in Yemen in the southern part of the Arabian peninsula, positioned near the eastern approach to the Red Sea.
AFC Asian Cup
The AFC Asian Cup is the primary association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC), determining the continental champion of Asia.
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Affirmative action
Affirmative action (also sometimes called reservations, alternative access, positive discrimination or positive action in various countries' laws and policies) refers to a set of policies and practices within a government or organization seeking to benefit marginalized groups.
See Saudi Arabia and Affirmative action
Africa
Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia.
Afro-Arabs
Afro-Arabs, African Arabs, or Black Arabs are Arabs who have predominantly or total Sub-Saharan African ancestry.
See Saudi Arabia and Afro-Arabs
Agal (accessory)
An agal (عِقَال; also spelled iqal, egal, or igal) is an Arab men's clothing accessory.
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Agnosticism
Agnosticism is the view or belief that the existence of God, the divine, or the supernatural is either unknowable in principle or currently unknown in fact.
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Al Arabiya English
Al Arabiya English is the English language service of the Saudi state-owned Al-Arabiya News Channel.
See Saudi Arabia and Al Arabiya English
Al ash-Sheikh
The Al ash-Sheikh (آل الشيخ),Using the term the Al ash-Sheikh family is a pleonasm as the word Al already means family.
See Saudi Arabia and Al ash-Sheikh
Al Bahah
Al Baha (ٱلْبَاحَة) is a city in south western Saudi Arabia located in the Sarawat Mountains.
Al Dirah (Riyadh)
Al-Dirah, pronounced as ad-Dirah and alternatively transliterated as Dheera, Deirah, Deerah or Deera, is a neighborhood in southern Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, located south of al-Futah and west of Margab in the sub-municipality of al-Batʼha.
See Saudi Arabia and Al Dirah (Riyadh)
Al Fallah
Al Fallah (Arabic: The Peasant) was a weekly newspaper which was first published in Damascus and then in Mecca.
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Al Jazeera Arabic
Al Jazeera Arabic (الجزيرة) is a Qatari state-owned Arabic-language news television network.
See Saudi Arabia and Al Jazeera Arabic
Al-Ahsa Governorate
Al Ahsa (Al-Aḥsāʾ, locally pronounced Al-Ḥasāʾ (ٱلْحَسَاء)) also known as Hajar (هجر) is the largest governorate in Saudi Arabia's Eastern Province, named after the Al-Ahsa Oasis.
See Saudi Arabia and Al-Ahsa Governorate
Al-Ahsa Oasis
Al-Ahsa Oasis (الْأَحْسَاء, al-ʾAhsā), also known as al-Ḥasāʾ (الْحَسَاء) or Hajar (هَجَر), is an oasis and historical region in eastern Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia and al-Ahsa Oasis are Arabian Peninsula.
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Al-Bahah Province
Al-Bahah Province is a province of Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and Al-Bahah Province
Al-Balad, Jeddah
Al-Balad (البلد), also known as Jeddah Historic District (جدة التاريخية), is the historical area of Jeddah, the second largest city of Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and Al-Balad, Jeddah
Al-Jawf Province
Al-Jawf Province (منطقة الجوف Minṭaqat al-Jawf pronounced), also spelled Al-Jouf, is one of the provinces of Saudi Arabia, located in the north of the country, partially bordered by Jordan to the west.
See Saudi Arabia and Al-Jawf Province
Al-Kharj
Kharj (الخرج) is a governorate in central Saudi Arabia.
Al-Magar
Al-Magar was an advanced prehistoric culture of the Neolithic whose epicenter lay in modern-day southwestern Najd in Saudi Arabia.
Al-Muntafiq
Al-Muntafiq (المنتفق) was a large Arab tribal confederation of southern Iraq and Kuwait.
See Saudi Arabia and Al-Muntafiq
Al-Qaeda
Al-Qaeda is a pan-Islamist militant organization led by Sunni Jihadists who self-identify as a vanguard spearheading a global Islamist revolution to unite the Muslim world under a supra-national Islamic caliphate.
Al-Qatt Al-Asiri
Al-Qatt Al-Asiri (also called nagash painting or majlis painting), is a style of Arabic art, typically painted by women in the entrance to a home.
See Saudi Arabia and Al-Qatt Al-Asiri
Al-Ula
Al-Ula (translit) is an ancient Arabian oasis city located in Medina Province, Saudi Arabia.
Ali
Ali ibn Abi Talib (translit) was the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and was the fourth Rashidun caliph who ruled from 656 to 661, as well as the first Shia imam.
Alkali basalt
Alkali basalt or alkali olivine basalt is a dark-colored, porphyritic volcanic rock usually found in oceanic and continental areas associated with volcanic activity, such as oceanic islands, continental rifts and volcanic fields.
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Allah
Allah (ﷲ|translit.
Alleged Saudi role in the September 11 attacks
Since the September 11 attacks in the United States in 2001, allegations of Saudi government involvement in the attacks have been made, with Saudi Arabia regularly denying such claims.
See Saudi Arabia and Alleged Saudi role in the September 11 attacks
Allegiance Council
The Allegiance Council (هيئة البيعة Hay’at al-Bay‘ah), also known as the Allegiance Commission or Allegiance Institution or Succession Commission, is the body responsible for determining future succession to the throne of Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and Allegiance Council
Allies of World War I
The Allies, the Entente or the Triple Entente was an international military coalition of countries led by France, the United Kingdom, Russia, the United States, Italy, and Japan against the Central Powers of Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria in World War I (1914–1918).
See Saudi Arabia and Allies of World War I
Almarai
Almarai Company is a Saudi multinational dairy company which is listed on the Tadawul stock exchange.
AlSaudiah
The Arabic name, romanized as AlSaudiah,, Rouse is the Internationalized country code top-level domain for Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and AlSaudiah
AMEinfo.com
AMEinfo.com is a provider of online business information about the Middle East region.
See Saudi Arabia and AMEinfo.com
Amnesty International
Amnesty International (also referred to as Amnesty or AI) is an international non-governmental organization focused on human rights, with its headquarters in the United Kingdom.
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Anti-Defamation League
The Anti-Defamation League (ADL), formerly known as the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith, is a New York–based international non-governmental organization that was founded to combat antisemitism, bigotry and discrimination.
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Antisemitism
Antisemitism (also spelled anti-semitism or anti-Semitism) is hostility to, prejudice towards, or discrimination against, Jews.
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Apartheid
Apartheid (especially South African English) was a system of institutionalised racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) from 1948 to the early 1990s.
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Apostasy
Apostasy (defection, revolt) is the formal disaffiliation from, abandonment of, or renunciation of a religion by a person.
Apostasy in Islam by country
The situation for apostates from Islam varies markedly between Muslim-minority and Muslim-majority regions.
See Saudi Arabia and Apostasy in Islam by country
Aqaba
Aqaba (al-ʿAqaba) is the only coastal city in Jordan and the largest and most populous city on the Gulf of Aqaba.
Arab League
The Arab League (الجامعة العربية), formally the League of Arab States (جامعة الدول العربية), is a regional organization in the Arab world.
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Arab News
Arab News is an English-language daily newspaper published in Saudi Arabia.
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Arab Revolt
The Arab Revolt (الثورة العربية), also known as the Great Arab Revolt, was an armed uprising by the Hashemite-led Arabs of the Hejaz against the Ottoman Empire amidst the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I. On the basis of the McMahon–Hussein Correspondence, exchanged between Henry McMahon of the United Kingdom and Hussein bin Ali of the Kingdom of Hejaz, the rebellion against the ruling Turks was officially initiated at Mecca on 10 June 1916.
See Saudi Arabia and Arab Revolt
Arab Spring
The Arab Spring (ar-rabīʻ al-ʻarabī) or the First Arab Spring (to distinguish from the Second Arab Spring) was a series of anti-government protests, uprisings and armed rebellions that spread across much of the Arab world in the early 2010s.
See Saudi Arabia and Arab Spring
Arab world
The Arab world (اَلْعَالَمُ الْعَرَبِيُّ), formally the Arab homeland (اَلْوَطَنُ الْعَرَبِيُّ), also known as the Arab nation (اَلْأُمَّةُ الْعَرَبِيَّةُ), the Arabsphere, or the Arab states, comprises a large group of countries, mainly located in Western Asia and Northern Africa.
See Saudi Arabia and Arab world
Arabah
The Arabah/Araba (Wādī ʿAraba) or Aravah/Arava (dry area) is a loosely defined geographic area in the Negev Desert, south of the Dead Sea basin, which forms part of the border between Israel to the west and Jordan to the east.
Arab–Israeli conflict
The Arab–Israeli conflict is the phenomenon involving political tension, military conflicts, and other disputes between various Arab countries and Israel, which escalated during the 20th century.
See Saudi Arabia and Arab–Israeli conflict
Arabesque
The arabesque is a form of artistic decoration consisting of "surface decorations based on rhythmic linear patterns of scrolling and interlacing foliage, tendrils" or plain lines, often combined with other elements.
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Arabia Petraea
Arabia Petraea or Petrea, also known as Rome's Arabian Province (Provincia Arabia; العربية الصخرية.; Ἐπαρχία Πετραίας Ἀραβίας) or simply Arabia, was a frontier province of the Roman Empire beginning in the 2nd century.
See Saudi Arabia and Arabia Petraea
Arabian Desert
The Arabian Desert (ٱلصَّحْرَاء ٱلْعَرَبِيَّة) is a vast desert wilderness in West Asia that occupies almost the entire Arabian Peninsula with an area of. Saudi Arabia and Arabian Desert are Arabian Peninsula.
See Saudi Arabia and Arabian Desert
Arabian horse
The Arabian or Arab horse (الحصان العربي, DMG al-ḥiṣān al-ʿarabī) is a breed of horse with historic roots on the Arabian Peninsula.
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Arabian leopard
The Arabian leopard (Panthera pardus nimr) is the smallest leopard subspecies.
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Arabian Peninsula
The Arabian Peninsula (شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَة الْعَرَبِيَّة,, "Arabian Peninsula" or جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَب,, "Island of the Arabs"), or Arabia, is a peninsula in West Asia, situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian Plate.
See Saudi Arabia and Arabian Peninsula
Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert
The Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert, also known as the Southwestern Arabian coastal xeric scrub, is desert ecoregion on the southern coasts of the Arabian Peninsula, which experiences thick fogs where visibility may be reduced to. Saudi Arabia and Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert are Arabian Peninsula.
See Saudi Arabia and Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert
Arabian Plate
The Arabian Plate is a minor tectonic plate in the Northern and Eastern Hemispheres. Saudi Arabia and Arabian Plate are Arabian Peninsula.
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Arabian wolf
The Arabian wolf (Canis lupus arabs) is a subspecies of gray wolf native to the Arabian Peninsula—to the west of Bahrain, as well as Oman, southern Saudi Arabia, and Yemen.
See Saudi Arabia and Arabian wolf
Arabic
Arabic (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, or عَرَبِيّ, or) is a Central Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family spoken primarily in the Arab world.
Arabic coffee
Arabic coffee is a version of the brewed coffee of Coffea arabica beans.
See Saudi Arabia and Arabic coffee
Arabic name
Arabic language names have historically been based on a long naming system.
See Saudi Arabia and Arabic name
Arabs
The Arabs (عَرَب, DIN 31635:, Arabic pronunciation), also known as the Arab people (الشَّعْبَ الْعَرَبِيّ), are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in West Asia and North Africa.
Ardah
Ardah (العرضة / ALA-LC: al-‘arḍah) is a type of folkloric group dance in the Arabian Peninsula, especially Saudi Arabia.
Armed Forces of Saudi Arabia
The Saudi Arabian Armed Forces (SAAF) (Al-Quwwat al-Musallahah al-Malakiyah as-Su’ūdiyah), also known as the Royal Saudi Armed Forces, is part of the military forces of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and Armed Forces of Saudi Arabia
Asharq Al-Awsat
Asharq Al-Awsat (Aš-Šarq al-ʾAwsaṭ, meaning "The Middle East") is an Arabic international newspaper headquartered in London.
See Saudi Arabia and Asharq Al-Awsat
Asia
Asia is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population.
Asiatic cheetah
The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a critically endangered cheetah subspecies currently only surviving in Iran.
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Asiatic lion
The Asiatic lion is a lion population of the subspecies Panthera leo leo.
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Asir Mountains
The Asir Mountains (جِبَال عَسِيْر,; ('Difficult')) is a mountainous region in southwestern Saudi Arabia running parallel to the Red Sea.
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Associated Press
The Associated Press (AP) is an American not-for-profit news agency headquartered in New York City.
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At-Turaif District
At-Turaif is a historic district located in Ad-Dir'iyah, north-west of Riyadh.
See Saudi Arabia and At-Turaif District
Atheism
Atheism, in the broadest sense, is an absence of belief in the existence of deities.
Atoll
An atoll is a ring-shaped island, including a coral rim that encircles a lagoon.
Bab-el-Mandeb
The Bab-el-Mandeb (Arabic: باب المندب), the Gate of Grief or the Gate of Tears, is a strait between Yemen on the Arabian Peninsula and Djibouti and Eritrea in the Horn of Africa.
See Saudi Arabia and Bab-el-Mandeb
Baboon
Baboons are primates comprising the genus Papio, one of the 23 genera of Old World monkeys, in the family Cercopithecidae.
Baghdad
Baghdad (or; translit) is the capital of Iraq and the second-largest city in the Arab and in West Asia after Tehran.
Bahrain
Bahrain (Two Seas, locally), officially the Kingdom of Bahrain, is an island country in West Asia. Saudi Arabia and Bahrain are Arabian Peninsula, countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, countries in Asia, islamic monarchies, kingdoms, member states of the Arab League, member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
Bahrani Arabic
Bahrani Arabic (also known as Bahrani or Baharna Arabic) is a variety of Arabic spoken by the Baharna in Eastern Arabia and Oman.
See Saudi Arabia and Bahrani Arabic
Bandar bin Sultan Al Saud
Bandar bin Sultan Al Saud (بندر بن سلطان بن عبد العزيز آل سعود; born 2 March 1949) is a retired Saudi Arabian diplomat, military officer, and government official who served as Saudi Arabia's ambassador to the United States from 1983 to 2005.
See Saudi Arabia and Bandar bin Sultan Al Saud
Bangladeshis in Saudi Arabia
Bangladeshis in Saudi Arabia number around 2.6 million.
See Saudi Arabia and Bangladeshis in Saudi Arabia
Bani Khalid (tribe)
Bani Khalid (بني خالد) is an Arab tribal confederation mainly inhabiting the Arabian Peninsula.
See Saudi Arabia and Bani Khalid (tribe)
Bashar al-Assad
Bashar al-Assad (born 11 September 1965) is a Syrian politician who is the current and 19th president of Syria since 17 July 2000.
See Saudi Arabia and Bashar al-Assad
Basic Law of Saudi Arabia
The Basic Law of Saudi Arabia (alternative name: Basic System of Governance; النظامالأساسي للحكم) is a constitution-like charter divided into nine chapters, consisting of 83 articles.
See Saudi Arabia and Basic Law of Saudi Arabia
Battle of Riyadh
The Battle of Riyadh was a minor battle in Riyadh, then part of the Emirate of Ha'il, fought between the Rashidi dynasty and the House of Saud in January 1902 that resulted in the latter's takeover of walled town by Ibn Saud.
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Battle of Sabilla
The Battle of Sabilla (29 March, 1929) was the main battle of the Ikhwan Revolt in northern Arabia between the rebellious Ikhwan forces and the army of Abdulaziz al-Saud.
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BBC News
BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs in the UK and around the world.
Bengali language
Bengali, also known by its endonym Bangla (বাংলা), is an Indo-Aryan language from the Indo-European language family native to the Bengal region of South Asia.
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Bir Hima Rock Petroglyphs and Inscriptions
Bir Hima (بئر حما) is a rock art site in Najran province, in southwest Saudi Arabia, about north of the city of Najran.
See Saudi Arabia and Bir Hima Rock Petroglyphs and Inscriptions
Bisht (clothing)
A bisht (بِشْت; plural: بِشُوت bishūt and بْشُوت bshūt), known in some Arabic spoken dialects as mishlaḥ (Arabic: مِشْلَح) or ʿabāʾ (Arabic: عَبَاء), is a traditional men’s cloak popular in the Arab world, and worn in general for thousands of years.
See Saudi Arabia and Bisht (clothing)
Black Stone
The Black Stone (translit) is a rock set into the eastern corner of the Kaaba, the ancient building in the center of the Grand Mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia.
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Blood money in Islam
Diya (دية;: diyāt, ديات) in Islamic law, is the financial compensation paid to the victim or heirs of a victim in the cases of murder, bodily harm or property damage by mistake.
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Blue Hole (Red Sea)
The Blue Hole is a diving location on the southeast Sinai, a few kilometres north of Dahab, Egypt on the coast of the Red Sea.
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BMI Research
BMI Research was a research firm that provided macroeconomic, industry and financial market analysis, covering 29 industries and 200 global markets.
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Bonn International Centre for Conflict Studies
The Bonn International Centre for Conflict Studies (BICC), established in 1994, is a research institute located in Bonn, Germany.
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Bronze Age
The Bronze Age was a historical period lasting from approximately 3300 to 1200 BC.
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Buddhism in Saudi Arabia
The International Religious Freedom Report 2007, of U.S. Department of State, estimated that more than 8 million foreigners are living and working in Saudi Arabia, including Muslims and non-Muslims.
See Saudi Arabia and Buddhism in Saudi Arabia
Bulbul
The bulbuls are members of a family, Pycnonotidae, of medium-sized passerine songbirds, which also includes greenbuls, brownbuls, leafloves, and bristlebills.
Cairo
Cairo (al-Qāhirah) is the capital of Egypt and the Cairo Governorate, and is the country's largest city, being home to more than 10 million people.
Caliphate
A caliphate or khilāfah (خِلَافَةْ) is a monarchical form of government (initially elective, later absolute) that originated in the 7th century Arabia, whose political identity is based on a claim of succession to the Islamic State of Muhammad and the identification of a monarch called caliph (خَلِيفَةْ) as his heir and successor. Saudi Arabia and caliphate are islamic monarchies.
See Saudi Arabia and Caliphate
Camel racing
Camel racing is a racing sport in which jockeys riding on camels compete against each other to finish a set number of laps around a circular racetrack.
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Canaan Dog
The Canaan Dog is a dog breed developed in the early 20th century from semiwild pariah dogs that were the descendants of animals present in the region since biblical times.
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Canada–Saudi Arabia relations
Canada and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia have had a generally cordial relationship marred by periods of diplomatic tension.
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Cannes Film Festival
The Cannes Film Festival (Festival de Cannes), until 2003 called the International Film Festival (Festival international du film), is an annual film festival held in Cannes, France, which previews new films of all genres, including documentaries, from all around the world.
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Cape hare
The Cape hare (Lepus capensis), also called the brown hare and the desert hare, is a hare native to Africa and Arabia extending into India.
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Capital punishment
Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty and formerly called judicial homicide, is the state-sanctioned killing of a person as punishment for actual or supposed misconduct.
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Cato Institute
The Cato Institute is an American libertarian think tank headquartered in Washington, D.C. It was founded in 1977 by Ed Crane, Murray Rothbard, and Charles Koch, chairman of the board and chief executive officer of Koch Industries.
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Censorship in Saudi Arabia
Multiple forms of media including books, newspapers, magazines, films, television, and content published on the Internet are censored in Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and Censorship in Saudi Arabia
Central Asia
Central Asia is a subregion of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the southwest and Eastern Europe in the northwest to Western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north.
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Central Conference of American Rabbis
The Central Conference of American Rabbis (CCAR), founded in 1889 by Rabbi Isaac Mayer Wise, is the principal organization of Reform rabbis in the United States and Canada.
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Central Intelligence Agency
The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), known informally as the Agency, metonymously as Langley and historically as the Company, is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the federal government of the United States tasked with gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world, primarily through the use of human intelligence (HUMINT) and conducting covert action through its Directorate of Operations.
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Chant of the Saudi Nation
The Chant of the Saudi Nation (translit) is the national anthem of Saudi Arabia.
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Charter of the United Nations
The Charter of the United Nations (UN) is the foundational treaty of the United Nations.
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China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. Saudi Arabia and China are countries in Asia, G20 members and member states of the United Nations.
China–Saudi Arabia relations
China–Saudi Arabia relations (中沙关系, العلاقات السعودية الصينية) refers to the current and historical bilateral relationship between the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Christian community of Najran
The existence of a Christian community in the city of Najran in present-day southwestern Saudi Arabia is attested by several historical sources of the Arabian Peninsula, where it recorded as having been created in the 5th century AD or perhaps a century earlier.
See Saudi Arabia and Christian community of Najran
Christianity in Saudi Arabia
Accurate religious demographics are difficult to obtain in Saudi Arabia, but there are approximately 2.1 million Christians in Saudi Arabia in 2020.
See Saudi Arabia and Christianity in Saudi Arabia
Clothing laws by country
Clothing laws vary considerably around the world.
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Columbia University Press
Columbia University Press is a university press based in New York City, and affiliated with Columbia University.
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Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (Saudi Arabia)
The Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (hayʾa al-ʾamr bil-maʿrūf wan-nahī ʿan al-munkar, abbreviated CPVPV, colloquially termed hai’a (committee), and known as mutawa, mutaween and by other similar names and translations in English-language sources) is a government religious authority in Saudi Arabia that is charged with implementing the Islamic doctrine of hisbah in the country.
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Common Era
Common Era (CE) and Before the Common Era (BCE) are year notations for the Gregorian calendar (and its predecessor, the Julian calendar), the world's most widely used calendar era.
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Companions of the Prophet
The Companions of the Prophet (lit) were the disciples and followers of Muhammad who saw or met him during his lifetime, while being a Muslim and were physically in his presence.
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Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia
The Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia (Maǧlis aš-Šūrā s-Saʿūdiyy), also known as Majlis ash-Shura or The Shura Council, is the formal advisory body of Saudi Arabia.
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Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees
The Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, also known as the 1951 Refugee Convention or the Geneva Convention of 28 July 1951 is a United Nations multilateral treaty that defines who a refugee is and sets out the rights of individuals who are granted asylum and the responsibilities of nations that grant asylum.
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Corruption Perceptions Index
The Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) is an index that scores and ranks countries by their perceived levels of public sector corruption, as assessed by experts and business executives.
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Council of Ministers of Saudi Arabia
The Saudi Council of Ministers (مجلس الوزراء السعودي Majlis al-Wuzarā' as-Su'ūdī) is the cabinet of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Country of Particular Concern
Country of Particular Concern (CPC) is a designation by the United States Secretary of State (under authority delegated by the President) of a country responsible for particularly severe violations of religious freedom under the International Religious Freedom Act (IRFA) of 1998 (H.R. 2431) and its amendment of 1999 (Public Law 106-55).
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COVID-19
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.
COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia
The COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
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Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia
The crown prince of Saudi Arabia (ولي عهد المملكة العربية السعودية.) is the second-most important position in Saudi Arabia, second to the King, and is his designated successor.
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Dahab
Dahab (دهب,, "gold") is a small Egyptian town on the southeast coast of the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt, approximately northeast of Sharm el-Sheikh.
Dammam No. 7
Dammam No.
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Date palm
Phoenix dactylifera, commonly known as the date palm, is a flowering-plant species in the palm family, Arecaceae, cultivated for its edible sweet fruit called dates.
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De Gruyter
Walter de Gruyter GmbH, known as De Gruyter, is a German scholarly publishing house specializing in academic literature.
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Decapitation
Decapitation is the total separation of the head from the body.
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Defense News
Defense News is a website and newspaper about the politics, business, and technology of national security published by Sightline Media Group.
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Democracy in the Middle East and North Africa
The state of Democracy in Middle East and North Africa can be comparatively assessed according to various definitions of democracy.
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Demographics of Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia is the fourth largest state in the Arab world, with a reported population of 32,175,224 as of 2022.
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Deregulation
Deregulation is the process of removing or reducing state regulations, typically in the economic sphere.
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Desalination
Desalination is a process that removes mineral components from saline water.
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Desert climate
The desert climate or arid climate (in the Köppen climate classification BWh and BWk) is a dry climate sub-type in which there is a severe excess of evaporation over precipitation.
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Destruction of early Islamic heritage sites in Saudi Arabia
The destruction of heritage sites associated with early Islam is an ongoing phenomenon that has occurred mainly in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia, particularly around the two holiest cities of Islam, Mecca and Medina.
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Dilmun
Dilmun, or Telmun, (Sumerian:,Transliteration: Similar text: later 𒉌𒌇(𒆠), NI.TUKki.
Diriyah
Diriyah (الدِرْعِيّة, ad-Dir‘īyah, approximate meaning ‘place of armor’), formerly romanized as Dereyeh and Dariyya, is a town and governorate in Saudi Arabia located on the northwestern outskirts of the Saudi capital, Riyadh.
Discrimination
Discrimination is the process of making unfair or prejudicial distinctions between people based on the groups, classes, or other categories to which they belong or are perceived to belong, such as race, gender, age, religion, physical attractiveness or sexual orientation.
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Divorce in Islam
Divorce according to Islamic law can occur in a variety of forms, some initiated by a husband and some by a wife.
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Domestic violence in Saudi Arabia
The lifetime prevalence of domestic violence in Saudi Arabia is estimated to be between 20%-39% for women, depending on the region in which they live.
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Donald Trump
Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is an American politician, media personality, and businessman who served as the 45th president of the United States from 2017 to 2021.
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Dosariyah
Dosariyah is an archeological site in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia, dating to the late 6th and early 5th millennium BCE.
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Dromedary
The dromedary (Camelus dromedarius or), also known as the dromedary camel, Arabian camel, or one-humped camel, is a large camel, of the genus Camelus, with one hump on its back.
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Dubai
Dubai (translit) is the most populous city in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and the capital of the Emirate of Dubai, the most populated of the country's seven emirates.
E-commerce
E-commerce (electronic commerce) is the activity of electronically buying or selling products on online services or over the Internet.
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Early Muslim conquests
The early Muslim conquests or early Islamic conquests (translit), also known as the Arab conquests, were initiated in the 7th century by Muhammad, the founder of Islam.
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Eastern Arabia
Eastern Arabia, is a region stretched from Basra to Khasab along the Persian Gulf coast and included parts of modern-day Bahrain, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia (Eastern Province), and the United Arab Emirates.
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Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia
The Eastern Province (المنطقة الشرقية), also known as the Eastern Region, is the easternmost of the 13 provinces of Saudi Arabia.
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Economist Intelligence Unit
The Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) is the research and analysis division of the Economist Group, providing forecasting and advisory services through research and analysis, such as monthly country reports, five-year country economic forecasts, country risk service reports, and industry reports.
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Economy of Saudi Arabia
The economy of Saudi Arabia is the second-largest in the Middle East and the nineteenth-largest in the world.
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Economy of the Middle East
The economy of the Middle East is very diverse, with national economies ranging from hydrocarbon-exporting rentiers to centralized socialist economies and free-market economies.
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Ecosystem
An ecosystem (or ecological system) is a system that environments and their organisms form through their interaction.
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Educational technology in Saudi Arabia
This article describes the history of using educational technology in Saudi Arabia.
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Edward Elgar Publishing
Edward Elgar Publishing is a global publisher of academic books, journals and online resources in the social sciences and law.
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Egypt
Egypt (مصر), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and the Sinai Peninsula in the southwest corner of Asia. Saudi Arabia and Egypt are countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, countries in Asia, member states of the Arab League, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
Egyptian Arabic
Egyptian Arabic, locally known as Colloquial Egyptian (اللغة العامية المصرية.), or simply Masri (also Masry) (مَصرى), is the most widely spoken vernacular Arabic variety in Egypt.
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Emir
Emir (أمير, also transliterated as amir, is a word of Arabic origin that can refer to a male monarch, aristocrat, holder of high-ranking military or political office, or other person possessing actual or ceremonial authority. The title has a long history of use in the Arab World, East Africa, West Africa, Central Asia, and the Indian subcontinent.
Emirate of Diriyah
The Emirate of Diriyah, also known as the First Saudi State, was established in February 1727 (1139 AH).
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Emirate of Jabal Shammar
The Emirate of Jabal Shammar (translit), also known as the Emirate of Haʾil (إِمَارَة حَائِل) or the Rashidi Emirate (إِمَارَة آل رَشِيْد), was a state in the northern part of the Arabian Peninsula, including Najd, existing from the mid-nineteenth century to 1921.
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Emirate of Nejd
The Emirate of Nejd or Imamate of Nejd was the Second Saudi State, existing between 1824 and 1891 in Nejd, the regions of Riyadh and Ha'il of what is now Saudi Arabia.
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Emirate of Nejd and Hasa
The Emirate of Nejd and Hasa was the second iteration of the Third Saudi State from 1913 to 1921.
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Emirate of Riyadh
The Emirate of RiyadhMadawi Al-Rasheed.
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Endemism
Endemism is the state of a species only being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere.
Energy superpower
An energy superpower is a country that supplies large amounts of energy resources (crude oil, natural gas, coal, etc.) to a significant number of other countries, and therefore has the potential to influence world markets for political or economic gains.
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Enjoining good and forbidding wrong
Enjoining good and forbidding wrong (al-amru bi-l-maʿrūfi wa-n-nahyu ʿani-l-munkari) are two important duties imposed by Allah in Islam, as revealed in the Quran and Hadith.
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Envision Energy
Envision Energy is a Chinese multinational corporation headquartered in Shanghai that provides wind turbines and energy management software.
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Eurofighter Typhoon
The Eurofighter Typhoon is a European multinational twin-engine, supersonic, canard delta wing, multirole fighter.
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Fahd of Saudi Arabia
Fahd bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (translit; 1920, 1921 or 1923 – 1 August 2005) was King and Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia from 13 June 1982 until his death in 2005.
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Faifi language
Faifi is a possible descendant of Old South Arabian language and is spoken by about 50,000 people in the vicinity of the Fifa Mountains in the southwestern corner of Saudi Arabia and across the border in Jebel Minabbih, Yemen.
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Faisal al-Duwaish
Faisal bin Sultan al-Duwaish (Arabic: فيصل بن سلطان.الدويش المطيري c. 1882 – 1931) was Prince of the Mutair tribe and one of Arabia's Ikhwan leaders, who assisted Abdulaziz in the unification of Saudi Arabia.
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Faisal bin Musaid Al Saud
Faisal bin Musaid Al Saud (فيصل بن مساعد آل سعود, Fayṣal bin Musāʿid ʾĀl Suʿūd; 4 April 194418 June 1975) was the assassin and nephew of King Faisal of Saudi Arabia.
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Faisal of Saudi Arabia
Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (فيصل بن عبدالعزيز آل سعود Fayṣal ibn ʿAbd al ʿAzīz Āl Suʿūd, Najdi Arabic pronunciation:; 14 April 1906 – 25 March 1975) was a Saudi Arabian statesman and diplomat who was King of Saudi Arabia from 2 November 1964 until his assassination in 1975.
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Falafel
Falafel (فلافل) is a deep-fried ball or patty-shaped fritter of Egyptian origin, featuring in Middle Eastern cuisine, particularly Levantine cuisines, and is made from broad beans, ground chickpeas, or both.
Falconry
Falconry is the hunting of wild animals in their natural state and habitat by means of a trained bird of prey.
Farasan Islands
The Farasan Islands (جزر فرسان; transliterated) are a small group of coral islands approximately 40 km off the coast of Jizan in the Red Sea, belonging to Saudi Arabia.
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Fatima
Fatima bint Muhammad (Fāṭima bint Muḥammad; 605/15–632 CE), commonly known as Fatima al-Zahra' (Fāṭima al-Zahrāʾ), was the daughter of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his wife Khadija.
Fatimid Caliphate
The Fatimid Caliphate or Fatimid Empire (al-Khilāfa al-Fāṭimiyya) was a caliphate extant from the tenth to the twelfth centuries CE under the rule of the Fatimids, an Isma'ili Shia dynasty.
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Filipinos in Saudi Arabia
Filipinos in Saudi Arabia are migrants or descendants of the Philippines who live in Saudi Arabia.
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Fiqh
Fiqh (فقه) is Islamic jurisprudence.
Fixed exchange rate system
A fixed exchange rate, often called a pegged exchange rate, is a type of exchange rate regime in which a currency's value is fixed or pegged by a monetary authority against the value of another currency, a basket of other currencies, or another measure of value, such as gold.
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Football in Saudi Arabia
Football is the most popular sport in Saudi Arabia.
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Foreign Agricultural Service
The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) is the foreign affairs agency with primary responsibility for the United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA) overseas programs – market development, international trade agreements and negotiations, and the collection of statistics and market information.
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Foreign workers in Saudi Arabia
Foreign workers in Saudi Arabia, estimated to number about 9 million as of April 2013, began migrating to the country soon after oil was discovered in the late 1930s.
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Freedom House
Freedom House is a non-profit organization based in Washington, D.C. It is best known for political advocacy surrounding issues of democracy, political freedom, and human rights.
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Freedom in the World
Freedom in the World is a yearly survey and report by the U.S.-based non-governmental organization Freedom House that measures the degree of civil liberties and political rights in every nation and significant related and disputed territories around the world.
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Freedom of religion
Freedom of religion or religious liberty is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or community, in public or private, to manifest religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance.
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Fringing reef
A fringing reef is one of the three main types of coral reef.
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G20
The G20 or Group of 20 is an intergovernmental forum comprising 19 sovereign countries, the European Union (EU), and the African Union (AU).
General Directorate of Border Guard
The General Directorate of Border Guard (المديرية العامة لحرس الحدود السعودية.) is a Saudi agency responsible for guarding land and sea borders of the Kingdom.
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Geography of Saudi Arabia
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a country situated in West Asia, the largest country on the Arabian Peninsula, bordering the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea.
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Ghazi Abdul Rahman Al Gosaibi
Ghazi Abdul Rahman Al Gosaibi (غازي بن عبدالرحمن القصيبي; 3 March 1940 – 15 August 2010) was a Saudi politician, diplomat, technocrat, poet, and novelist.
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Global Innovation Index
The Global Innovation Index is an annual ranking of countries by their capacity for, and success in, innovation, published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).
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God in Islam
In Islam, God (Allāh, contraction of ٱلْإِلَٰه, lit.) is seen as the creator and sustainer of the universe, who lives eternally and will eventually resurrect all humans.
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Grand Mosque seizure
The Grand Mosque seizure was a siege that took place between 20 November and 4 December 1979 at the Grand Mosque of Mecca, one the holiest Islamic sites in Mecca, Saudi Arabia.
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Gulf Arabic
Gulf Arabic (خليجي local pronunciation: or اللهجة الخليجية, local pronunciation) is a variety of the Arabic language spoken in Eastern Arabia around the coasts of the Persian Gulf in Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, southern Iraq, eastern Saudi Arabia, northern Oman, and by some Iranian Arabs.
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Gulf Cooperation Council
The Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (مجلس التعاون لدول الخلیج العربية.), also known as the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC; مجلس التعاون الخليجي), is a regional, intergovernmental, political, and economic union comprising Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. Saudi Arabia and Gulf Cooperation Council are Arabian Peninsula.
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Gulf of Aqaba
The Gulf of Aqaba (Khalīj al-ʿAqaba) or Gulf of Eilat (Mifrátz Eilát) is a large gulf at the northern tip of the Red Sea, east of the Sinai Peninsula and west of the Arabian Peninsula.
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Gulf War
The Gulf War was an armed conflict between Iraq and a 42-country coalition led by the United States.
Hadith
Hadith (translit) or Athar (أثر) is a form of Islamic oral tradition containing the purported words, actions, and the silent approvals of the prophet Muhammad.
Hajj
Hajj (translit; also spelled Hadj, Haj or Haji) is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest city for Muslims.
Halal
Halal (حلال) is an Arabic word that translates to in English.
Hanbali school
The Hanbali school or Hanbalism (translit) is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam.
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Health care in Saudi Arabia
Health care in Saudi Arabia is a national health care system in which the government provides free universal healthcare coverage through a number of government agencies.
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Hegra (Mada'in Salih)
Hegra (Ἕγρα), also known as Mada’in Salih (translit), is an archaeological site located in the area of Al-'Ula within Medina Province in the Hejaz region, Saudi Arabia.
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Hejaz
The Hejaz (also; lit) is a region that includes the majority of the west coast of Saudi Arabia, covering the cities of Mecca, Medina, Jeddah, Tabuk, Yanbu, Taif and Baljurashi.
Hejazi Arabic
Hejazi Arabic or Hijazi Arabic (HA) (ḥijāzī), also known as West Arabian Arabic, is a variety of Arabic spoken in the Hejaz region in Saudi Arabia.
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Hezbollah
Hezbollah (Ḥizbu 'llāh) is a Lebanese Shia Islamist political party and paramilitary group, led since 1992 by its Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah.
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Higher education in Saudi Arabia
Higher education in Saudi Arabia is the educational stage that follows the three years of secondary education.
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Hijab
In modern usage, hijab (translit) generally refers to various head coverings conventionally worn by many Muslim women.
Hijackers in the September 11 attacks
The aircraft hijackers in the September 11 attacks were 19 men affiliated with jihadist organization al-Qaeda.
See Saudi Arabia and Hijackers in the September 11 attacks
Hijri year
The Hijri year (سَنة هِجْريّة) or era (التقويمالهجري at-taqwīm al-hijrī) is the era used in the Islamic lunar calendar.
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Hillary Clinton
Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (Rodham; born October 26, 1947) is an American politician and diplomat who served as the 67th United States secretary of state in the administration of Barack Obama from 2009 to 2013, as a U.S. senator representing New York from 2001 to 2009, and as the first lady of the United States to former president Bill Clinton from 1993 to 2001.
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Hilton Hotels & Resorts
Hilton Hotels & Resorts (formerly known as Hilton Hotels) is a global brand of full-service hotels and resorts and the flagship brand of American multinational hospitality company Hilton.
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Hinduism in Saudi Arabia
Hinduism is the 3rd largest religion in Saudi Arabia, followed by nearly 1.3% of total population residing in the nation.
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History of coffee
The history of coffee dates back centuries in Ethiopia and Yemen.
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History of Saudi Arabia
The history of Saudi Arabia as a nation state began with the emergence of the Al Saud dynasty in central Arabia in 1727 and the subsequent establishment of the Emirate of Diriyah.
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History of slavery in the Muslim world
The history of slavery in the Muslim world began with institutions inherited from pre-Islamic Arabia.
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History of the Arabs
The recorded history of the Arabs begins in the mid-9th century BCE, which is the earliest known attestation of the Old Arabic language. Tradition holds that Arabs descend from Ishmael, the son of Abraham.
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History of the Jews in Saudi Arabia
Jewish history in the territory of modern Saudi Arabia begins in classical antiquity.
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Holiest sites in Islam
The holiest sites in Islam are located in the Arabian Peninsula.
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Homosexuality
Homosexuality is sexual attraction, romantic attraction, or sexual behavior between members of the same sex or gender.
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Horn of Africa
The Horn of Africa (HoA), also known as the Somali Peninsula, is a large peninsula and geopolitical region in East Africa.
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Horse racing
Horse racing is an equestrian performance activity, typically involving two or more horses ridden by jockeys (or sometimes driven without riders) over a set distance for competition.
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House of Saud
The House of Al Saud (ʾĀl Suʿūd) is the ruling royal family of Saudi Arabia.
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HuffPost
HuffPost (The Huffington Post until 2017; often abbreviated as HuffPo) is an American progressive news website, with localized and international editions.
Human Development Index
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a statistical composite index of life expectancy, education (mean years of schooling completed and expected years of schooling upon entering the education system), and per capita income indicators, which is used to rank countries into four tiers of human development.
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Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization headquartered in New York City that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.
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Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz
Hussein bin Ali al-Hashimi (al-Ḥusayn bin 'Alī al-Hāshimī; 1 May 18544 June 1931) was an Arab leader from the Banu Qatadah branch of the Banu Hashim clan who was the Sharif and Emir of Mecca from 1908 and, after proclaiming the Great Arab Revolt against the Ottoman Empire, King of the Hejaz, even if he refused this title,Representation Of Hedjaz At The Peace Conference: Hussein Bin Ali's Correspondence With Colonel Wilson; Status Of Arabic Countries; King's Rejection Of 'Hedjaz' Title.
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Iberian Peninsula
The Iberian Peninsula (IPA), also known as Iberia, is a peninsula in south-western Europe, defining the westernmost edge of Eurasia.
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Ibn Saud
Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud (translit; 15 January 1876Ibn Saud's birth year has been a source of debate. It is generally accepted as 1876, although a few sources give it as 1880. According to British author Robert Lacey's book The Kingdom, a leading Saudi historian found records that show Ibn Saud in 1891 greeting an important tribal delegation.
Ikhwan
The Ikhwan (al-ʾIkhwān, the Brethren), commonly known as Ikhwan man ata'a Allah (إخوان من أطاع الله, Brethren of those who obey God), was a Wahhabi religious militia made up of traditionally nomadic tribesmen which formed a significant military force of the ruler Ibn Saud and played an important role in establishing him as ruler of most of the Arabian Peninsula in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Illegal immigration to Saudi Arabia
Mecca has mandated a six-year cap on the residency of foreigners in the country, as part of its programme to control the local job market, and any Hajji or illegal overstayers are met with a mandatory prison sentence followed by swift deportation.
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Improved sanitation
Improved sanitation (related to but distinct from a "safely managed sanitation service") is a term used to categorize types of sanitation for monitoring purposes.
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Index of Saudi Arabia–related articles
Articles (arranged alphabetically) related to Saudi Arabia include.
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Indonesians in Saudi Arabia
Indonesians in Saudi Arabia consist largely of female domestic workers, with a minority of other types of labour migrants.
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International Futures
International Futures (IFs) is a global integrated assessment model designed to help with thinking strategically and systematically about key global systems (economic, demographic, education, health, environment, technology, domestic governance, infrastructure, agriculture, energy and environment).
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International Institute for Strategic Studies
The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) is an international research institute or think tank focusing on defence and security issues.
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International Monetary Fund
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution funded by 190 member countries, with headquarters in Washington, D.C. It is regarded as the global lender of last resort to national governments, and a leading supporter of exchange-rate stability.
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Investopedia
Investopedia is a global financial media website headquartered in New York City.
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Ipsos
Ipsos Group S.A. (an acronym of Institut Public de Sondage d'Opinion Secteur) is a multinational market research and consulting firm with headquarters in Paris, France.
Iran
Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (IRI), also known as Persia, is a country in West Asia. It borders Turkey to the northwest and Iraq to the west, Azerbaijan, Armenia, the Caspian Sea, and Turkmenistan to the north, Afghanistan to the east, Pakistan to the southeast, the Gulf of Oman and the Persian Gulf to the south. Saudi Arabia and Iran are countries in Asia, member states of OPEC, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
Iran–Iraq War
The Iran–Iraq War, also known as the First Gulf War, was an armed conflict between Iran and Iraq that lasted from September 1980 to August 1988.
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Iranian Revolution
The Iranian Revolution (انقلاب ایران), also known as the 1979 Revolution and the Islamic Revolution (label), was a series of events that culminated in the overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. The revolution led to the replacement of the Imperial State of Iran by the present-day Islamic Republic of Iran, as the monarchical government of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was superseded by the theocratic Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, a religious cleric who had headed one of the rebel factions.
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Iraq
Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, is a country in West Asia and a core country in the geopolitical region known as the Middle East. Saudi Arabia and Iraq are countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, countries in Asia, member states of OPEC, member states of the Arab League, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries, states and territories established in 1932 and west Asian countries.
Iraq War
The Iraq War, sometimes called the Second Persian Gulf War, or Second Gulf War was a protracted armed conflict in Iraq from 2003 to 2011. It began with the invasion of Iraq by the United States-led coalition that overthrew the Ba'athist government of Saddam Hussein. The conflict continued for much of the next decade as an insurgency emerged to oppose the coalition forces and the post-invasion Iraqi government.
Iraqi invasion of Kuwait
The Iraqi invasion of Kuwait began on 2 August 1990 and marked the beginning of the Gulf War.
See Saudi Arabia and Iraqi invasion of Kuwait
Irreligion in Saudi Arabia
Irreligion in Saudi Arabia is difficult to measure as it is illegal to leave the Islamic faith in the country.
See Saudi Arabia and Irreligion in Saudi Arabia
Islam
Islam (al-Islām) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder.
Islam in China
Islam has been practiced in China since the 7th century CE.
See Saudi Arabia and Islam in China
Islam in Saudi Arabia
Sunni Islam is the state religion of Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and Islam in Saudi Arabia
Islamic calligraphy
Islamic calligraphy is the artistic practice of handwriting and calligraphy, in the languages which use Arabic alphabet or the alphabets derived from it.
See Saudi Arabia and Islamic calligraphy
Islamic dietary laws
Islamic dietary laws are laws that Muslims follow in their diet.
See Saudi Arabia and Islamic dietary laws
Islamic geometric patterns
Islamic geometric patterns are one of the major forms of Islamic ornament, which tends to avoid using figurative images, as it is forbidden to create a representation of an important Islamic figure according to many holy scriptures.
See Saudi Arabia and Islamic geometric patterns
Islamic religious police
Islamic religious police (also sometimes known as morality police or sharia police) are official Islamic vice squad police agencies, often in Muslim-majority countries, which enforce religious observance and public morality on behalf of national or regional authorities based on its interpretation of sharīʿah.
See Saudi Arabia and Islamic religious police
Islamic revival
Islamic revival (تجديد, lit., "regeneration, renewal"; also الصحوة الإسلامية, "Islamic awakening") refers to a revival of the Islamic religion, usually centered around enforcing sharia.
See Saudi Arabia and Islamic revival
Islamic state
An Islamic state has a form of government based on sharia law.
See Saudi Arabia and Islamic state
Islamic State
The Islamic State (IS), also known as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and by its Arabic acronym Daesh, is a transnational Salafi jihadist group and an unrecognised quasi-state.
See Saudi Arabia and Islamic State
Islamic terrorism
Islamic terrorism (also known as Islamist terrorism or radical Islamic terrorism) refers to terrorist acts with religious motivations carried out by fundamentalist militant Islamists and Islamic extremists.
See Saudi Arabia and Islamic terrorism
Islamic University of Madinah
The Islamic University of Madinah (الجامعة الإسلامية بالمدينة المنورة) is a public Islamic university in Medina, Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and Islamic University of Madinah
Isma'ilism
Isma'ilism (translit) is a branch or sect of Shia Islam.
See Saudi Arabia and Isma'ilism
Israel
Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Southern Levant, West Asia. Saudi Arabia and Israel are countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, countries in Asia, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
Israeli Declaration of Independence
The Israeli Declaration of Independence, formally the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel (הכרזה על הקמת מדינת ישראל), was proclaimed on 14 May 1948 (5 Iyar 5708) by David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist Organization, Chairman of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, and later first Prime Minister of Israel.
See Saudi Arabia and Israeli Declaration of Independence
Istanbul
Istanbul is the largest city in Turkey, straddling the Bosporus Strait, the boundary between Europe and Asia.
Jabal Ferwa ('Asir)
Jabal Ferwa is the highest point in Saudi Arabia, with an elevation of 3,002 metres (9,849 feet).
See Saudi Arabia and Jabal Ferwa ('Asir)
Jabal Soudah
Jabal Soudah (جَبَل ٱلسُّوْدَة) is a peak in the Soudah mountains in Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and Jabal Soudah
Jabrids
The Jabrids (al-Jabrīyūn) or Banu Jabr were an Arab dynasty that ruled all of Arabia except for Hejaz, parts of Oman and Yemen, and expanded into Iran's southern coast, controlling the Strait of Hormuz.
Jalajil
Jalajil or Jolajil (Arabic: جلاجل) is a city in the Sudair area, Saudi Arabia.
James Woolsey
Robert James Woolsey Jr. (born September 21, 1941) is an American political appointee who has served in various senior positions.
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Jarwanid dynasty
The Jarwanid dynasty was an Arab dynasty that ruled Eastern Arabia in the 14th century.
See Saudi Arabia and Jarwanid dynasty
Jeddah
Jeddah, alternatively transliterated as Jedda, Jiddah or Jidda (جِدَّة|Jidda), is a port city in Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia, located along the Red Sea coast in the Hejaz region.
Jerboa
Jerboas are hopping desert rodents found throughout North Africa and Asia, and are members of the family Dipodidae.
Jihadism
Jihadism is a neologism for militant Islamic movements that are perceived as existentially threatening to the West.
Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation
The Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply and Sanitation by WHO and UNICEF is the official United Nations mechanism tasked with monitoring progress towards the Sustainable Development Goal Number 6 (SDG 6) since 2016.
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Jordan
Jordan, officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, is a country in the Southern Levant region of West Asia. Saudi Arabia and Jordan are countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, countries in Asia, kingdoms, member states of the Arab League, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
Jorge Solari
Jorge Raúl Solari, (born 11 November 1941) is a former Argentine football player and manager.
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Justice Against Sponsors of Terrorism Act
The Justice Against Sponsors of Terrorism Act (JASTA) is a law enacted by the United States Congress that narrows the scope of the legal doctrine of foreign sovereign immunity.
See Saudi Arabia and Justice Against Sponsors of Terrorism Act
Kabsa
Kabsa (كبسة kabsah) or makbūs/machbūs (مكبوس/مچبوس Gulf pron.) is an Arab mixed rice dish that originates from Saudi Arabia or Yemen.
Kafala system
The kafala system (also spelled "kefala system"; niẓām al-kafāla; meaning "sponsorship system") is a system that exists in many of the Arab countries in the Middle East, including most of the countries of the Arabian Peninsula, which involves binding migrant workers to a specific employer throughout the period of their residence in a country.
See Saudi Arabia and Kafala system
Kebab
Kebab (كباب, kabāb, كباب,; kebap), kabob (North American), kebap, or kabab (Kashmir) is a variety of roasted meat dishes that originated in the Middle East.
Keffiyeh
The keffiyeh or kufiyyeh (coif), also known in Arabic as a hattah (label), is a traditional headdress worn by men from parts of the Middle East.
Khadija bint Khuwaylid
Khadijah bint Khuwaylid (Khadīja bint Khuwaylid, 554 – November 619) was the first wife and the first follower of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
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Khalid of Saudi Arabia
Khalid bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (translit; 13 February 1913 13 June 1982) was the king and prime minister of Saudi Arabia from 25 March 1975 to his death in 1982.
See Saudi Arabia and Khalid of Saudi Arabia
King Abdulaziz University
King Abdulaziz University (KAU) (جامعة الملك عبد العزيز) is a public research university in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and King Abdulaziz University
King Abdullah Economic City
King Abdullah Economic City (KAEC,; مدينة الملك عبد الله الاقتصادية) is a planned city in Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and King Abdullah Economic City
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST; جامعة الملك عبد الله للعلومو التقنية.) is a public research university located in Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
King of Saudi Arabia
The King of Saudi Arabia, officially the King of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (ملك المملكة العربية السعودية.), is the monarch and head of state/government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia who holds absolute power. Saudi Arabia and King of Saudi Arabia are 1932 establishments in Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and King of Saudi Arabia
King Saud University
King Saud University (KSU, Jāmiʿa al-Malik Saʿūd) is a public university in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and King Saud University
Kingdom of Hejaz
The Hashemite Kingdom of Hejaz (المملكة الحجازية الهاشمية, Al-Mamlakah al-Ḥijāziyyah Al-Hāshimiyyah) was a state in the Hejaz region of Western Asia that included the western portion of the Arabian Peninsula that was ruled by the Hashemite dynasty.
See Saudi Arabia and Kingdom of Hejaz
Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy)
According to the Deuteronomistic history in the Hebrew Bible, a United Monarchy or United Kingdom of Israel existed under the reigns of Saul, Eshbaal, David, and Solomon, encompassing the territories of both the later kingdoms of Judah and Israel.
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Kuwait
Kuwait, officially the State of Kuwait, is a country in West Asia. Saudi Arabia and Kuwait are countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, countries in Asia, member states of OPEC, member states of the Arab League, member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
La Fayette-class frigate
The La Fayette class (also known as FL-3000 for "Frégate Légère de 3,000 tonnes", or FLF for Frégate Légère Furtive) is a class of general purpose frigates built by DCNS in the 1980s and 1990s, operated by the French Navy and three other navies.
See Saudi Arabia and La Fayette-class frigate
Lashkar-e-Taiba
Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT; لشکرِ طیبہ; literally Army of the Good, translated as Army of the Righteous, or Army of the Pure and alternatively spelled as Lashkar-e-Tayyiba, Lashkar-e-Toiba, Lashkar-i-Taiba, Lashkar-i-Tayyeba) is a terrorist group formed in Pakistan, and a militant and Islamist Salafi jihadist organisation.
See Saudi Arabia and Lashkar-e-Taiba
Legal system of Saudi Arabia
The legal system of Saudi Arabia is based on Sharia, Islamic law derived from the Quran and the Sunnah (the traditions) of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
See Saudi Arabia and Legal system of Saudi Arabia
LGBT rights in Saudi Arabia
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in Saudi Arabia face repression and discrimination.
See Saudi Arabia and LGBT rights in Saudi Arabia
Lihyan
Lihyan (لحيان, Liḥyān; Greek: Lechienoi), also called Dadān or Dedan, was a powerful and highly organized ancient Arab kingdom that played a vital cultural and economic role in the north-western region of the Arabian Peninsula and used Dadanitic language.
List of Asian countries by area
Below is a list of countries in Asia by area.
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List of cities and towns in Saudi Arabia
The following is a list of cities and towns in Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and List of cities and towns in Saudi Arabia
List of countries and dependencies by area
This is a list of the world's countries and their dependencies by land, water, and total area, ranked by total area.
See Saudi Arabia and List of countries and dependencies by area
List of countries by GDP (nominal)
Gross domestic product (GDP) is the market value of all final goods and services from a nation in a given year.
See Saudi Arabia and List of countries by GDP (nominal)
List of countries by GDP (PPP)
GDP (PPP) means gross domestic product based on purchasing power parity.
See Saudi Arabia and List of countries by GDP (PPP)
List of countries by natural gas proven reserves
This list is based on the CIA World Factbook (when no citation is given).
See Saudi Arabia and List of countries by natural gas proven reserves
List of countries by oil exports
This is a list of oil-producing countries by oil exports based on data for 2022 by Oil in this list refers to base crude oil only, and not refined petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel and airplane fuel.
See Saudi Arabia and List of countries by oil exports
List of countries by oil production
This is a list of countries by oil production (i.e., petroleum production), as compiled from the U.S. Energy Information Administration database for calendar year 2023, tabulating all countries on a comparable best-estimate basis.
See Saudi Arabia and List of countries by oil production
List of countries by proven oil reserves
Proven oil reserves are those quantities of petroleum which, by analysis of geological and engineering data, can be estimated, with a high degree of confidence, to be commercially recoverable from a given date forward from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions.
See Saudi Arabia and List of countries by proven oil reserves
List of deep water fish of the Red Sea
Red Sea bathydemersal species include.
See Saudi Arabia and List of deep water fish of the Red Sea
List of fishes in the Red Sea
The Gulf of Eilat is home to 1,270 species of fish, over 3,000 species of invertebrates and corals, dozens of bird species, 4 species of sea turtles, and over 10 species of marine mammals.
See Saudi Arabia and List of fishes in the Red Sea
List of governorates of Saudi Arabia
The Governorates of Saudi Arabia, officially the Governorates of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, (محافظات المملكة العربية السعودية) are the 136 governorates (second-level administrative division) that form the 13 emirates of Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and List of governorates of Saudi Arabia
List of islands of Saudi Arabia
There are approximately 1300 islands in Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and List of islands of Saudi Arabia
List of mountains in Saudi Arabia
This is an (incomplete) list of mountains in Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and List of mountains in Saudi Arabia
List of Muslim states and dynasties
This article includes a list of successive Islamic states and Muslim dynasties beginning with the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (570–632 CE) and the early Muslim conquests that spread Islam outside of the Arabian Peninsula, and continuing through to the present day.
See Saudi Arabia and List of Muslim states and dynasties
List of newspapers in Saudi Arabia
Most of the early newspapers in the Persian Gulf region were established in Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and List of newspapers in Saudi Arabia
List of Saudi Arabian writers
This is a list of Saudi Arabian writers, including novelists, short story writers, poets, journalists, bloggers, etc.
See Saudi Arabia and List of Saudi Arabian writers
List of schools in Saudi Arabia
This is a list of primary and secondary schools in the Asian country of Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and List of schools in Saudi Arabia
List of sharks in the Red Sea
There are 44 species of shark found in the Red Sea.
See Saudi Arabia and List of sharks in the Red Sea
List of sovereign states by immigrant and emigrant population
These are lists of countries by foreign-born population (immigrants) and lists of countries by number native-born persons living in a foreign country (emigrants).
See Saudi Arabia and List of sovereign states by immigrant and emigrant population
List of technical colleges in Saudi Arabia
This is a list of technical colleges in Saudi Arabia that are governed by the Technical and Vocational Training Corporation (TVTC).
See Saudi Arabia and List of technical colleges in Saudi Arabia
List of terrorist incidents in Saudi Arabia
The most serious violence to take place was a series of bomb blasts in Riyadh in late 1966 and early 1967.
See Saudi Arabia and List of terrorist incidents in Saudi Arabia
List of universities and colleges in Saudi Arabia
This is the list of universities, colleges and institutes in Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and List of universities and colleges in Saudi Arabia
List of wadis of Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia does not have any permanent rivers, but does have numerous wadis (valleys) which are riverbeds that are either permanently or intermittently dry.
See Saudi Arabia and List of wadis of Saudi Arabia
Los Angeles Times
The Los Angeles Times is a regional American daily newspaper that began publishing in Los Angeles, California in 1881.
See Saudi Arabia and Los Angeles Times
Loudspeakers in mosques
Loudspeakers were invented in the early 20th century, and they were introduced in mosques in the 1930s, where they are used by a muezzin for the adhan ("call to prayer"), and sometimes for khutbah in Islam.
See Saudi Arabia and Loudspeakers in mosques
Lower Paleolithic
The Lower Paleolithic (or Lower Palaeolithic) is the earliest subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age.
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M1 Abrams
The M1 Abrams is a third-generation American main battle tank designed by Chrysler Defense (now General Dynamics Land Systems) and named for General Creighton Abrams.
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Ma'an
Ma'an (Maʿān) is a city in southern Jordan, southwest of the capital Amman.
Mahd adh Dhahab
The Mahd Al Dhahab (مَـهـد الـذّهـب, "Cradle of (the) Gold"), is a small gold mining area in the Arabian Peninsula.
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Majlis
(المجلس., pl. مجالس) is an Arabic term meaning "sitting room", used to describe various types of special gatherings among common interest groups of administrative, social or religious nature in countries with linguistic or cultural connections to the Muslim world.
Major League Soccer
Major League Soccer (MLS) is a men's professional soccer league sanctioned by the United States Soccer Federation, which represents the sport's highest level in the United States.
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Malayalam
Malayalam is a Dravidian language spoken in the Indian state of Kerala and the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry (Mahé district) by the Malayali people.
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Mandi (food)
Mandi (مندي) is a traditional dish that originated from Hadramout Region,Yemenconsisting mainly of meat and rice with a special blend of spices, cooked in a pit.
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Mangrove
A mangrove is a shrub or tree that grows mainly in coastal saline or brackish water.
Mansour al-Nogaidan
Mansour al-Nogaidan is a Saudi writer, columnist, reformist and journalist.
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Maritime boundary
A maritime boundary is a conceptual division of Earth's water surface areas using physiographical or geopolitical criteria.
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Maritime Silk Road
The Maritime Silk Road or Maritime Silk Route is the maritime section of the historic Silk Road that connected Southeast Asia, East Asia, the Indian subcontinent, the Arabian Peninsula, eastern Africa, and Europe.
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Markaz (administrative division)
Markaz (مركز, merkez), or the equivalent term in Persian, is a second-level administrative division found in the Middle East.
See Saudi Arabia and Markaz (administrative division)
Masmak Fort
The Masmak Fort (قصر المصمك), also called the Masmak Fortress or Masmak Palace, is a historic clay and mudbrick fort in the ad-Dirah neighborhood of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, located in close proximity to the al-Hukm Palace in the Qasr al-Hukm District.
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Matthew Simmons
Matthew Roy Simmons (April 7, 1943 – August 8, 2010) was founder and chairman emeritus of Simmons & Company International, and was a prominent figure in the field of peak oil.
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MBC Group
MBC Group (Majmūʿat ʾIm Bī Sī), formerly known as Middle East Broadcasting Center (label), is a Saudi media conglomerate based in the Middle East and North Africa region.
See Saudi Arabia and MBC Group
Mecca
Mecca (officially Makkah al-Mukarramah, commonly shortened to Makkah) is the capital of Mecca Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia and the holiest city according to Islam.
Medina
Medina, officially Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah and also commonly simplified as Madīnah or Madinah, is the capital of Medina Province in the Hejaz region of western Saudi Arabia.
Mehri language
Mehri or Mahri (مهريّت) is the most spoken of the Modern South Arabian languages (MSALs), a subgroup of the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic family.
See Saudi Arabia and Mehri language
Mehri people
The Mehrialso al-Mahrah, al-Meheri, al-Mahri or al-Mahra (المهرة), also known as the al-Mahrah tribe (قبيلة المهرة), are an Arabian ethnic group primarily inhabiting South Arabia especially in the Al-Mahra Governorate in Yemen and the island of Socotra in the Guardafui Channel.
See Saudi Arabia and Mehri people
Metro (British newspaper)
Metro is the United Kingdom's highest-circulation freesheet tabloid newspaper.
See Saudi Arabia and Metro (British newspaper)
Mezmar
Mezmar or mizmar (مزمار al-mizmar) is a traditional group performance and stick song-dance that is performed by in the Hejaz region in western Saudi Arabia for festive occasions such as wedding and national events.
Middle East
The Middle East (term originally coined in English Translations of this term in some of the region's major languages include: translit; translit; translit; script; translit; اوْرتاشرق; Orta Doğu.) is a geopolitical region encompassing the Arabian Peninsula, the Levant, Turkey, Egypt, Iran, and Iraq.
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Middle East Eye
Middle East Eye (MEE) is a UK-based news website founded in 2014 that covers the Middle East and North Africa.
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Middle East Media Research Institute
The Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI), officially the Middle East Media and Research Institute, is an American non-profit press monitoring and analysis organization that was co-founded by Israeli ex-intelligence officer Yigal Carmon and Israeli-American political scientist Meyrav Wurmser in 1997.
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Middle East Monitor
The Middle East Monitor (MEMO) is a not-for-profit press monitoring organisation and lobbying group that emerged in mid 2009.
See Saudi Arabia and Middle East Monitor
Middle power
A middle power is a state that is not a superpower or a great power, but still exerts influence and plays a significant role in international relations.
See Saudi Arabia and Middle power
Midian
Midian (מִדְיָן Mīḏyān; Madyan; Μαδιάμ, Madiam; Taymanitic: 𐪃𐪕𐪚𐪌 MDYN) is a geographical region in West Asia mentioned in the Tanakh and Quran.
Migrant domestic workers
Migrant domestic workers (also known as foreign home care workers, foreign domestic workers, foreign domestic helpers, transnational domestic workers, foreign domestic employees, overseas domestic workers and domestic migrant workers) are, according to the International Labour Organization’s Convention No.
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Ministry of Defense (Saudi Arabia)
The Ministry of Defense (MoD; وزارة الدفاع) is a Ministry in Saudi Arabia that is responsible for the protection of national security, interests and sovereignty of the country from external threats as well as the working with all ministries of the state to achieve national security and stability.
See Saudi Arabia and Ministry of Defense (Saudi Arabia)
Ministry of Finance (Saudi Arabia)
The Ministry of Finance (MoF; وزارة المالية) of Saudi Arabia is the principal body for controlling state expenditure in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia and Ministry of Finance (Saudi Arabia) are 1932 establishments in Saudi Arabia.
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Ministry of Health (Saudi Arabia)
The Ministry of Health (وزارة الصحة), commonly abbreviated to MoH, is the ministry overseeing the health care and health policy of Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and Ministry of Health (Saudi Arabia)
Ministry of Interior (Saudi Arabia)
The Ministry of Interior (MoI; Arabic: وزارة الداخلية) is one of the governmental bodies of Saudi Arabia responsible for national security, naturalization, immigration, and customs in Saudi Arabia.
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Ministry of Investment (Saudi Arabia)
The Ministry of Investment (MISA) (وزارة الاستثمار), till 2020 as the Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority (SAGIA) (الهيئة العامة للإستثمار), is a government ministry in Saudi Arabia that oversees foreign investment in the country besides issuing licenses to foreign investors.
See Saudi Arabia and Ministry of Investment (Saudi Arabia)
Ministry of Media (Saudi Arabia)
The Ministry of Media (وزارة الإعلام) is one of the governmental bodies of Saudi Arabia and part of the cabinet.
See Saudi Arabia and Ministry of Media (Saudi Arabia)
Ministry of National Guard
The Ministry of National Guard is a cabinet-level ministry and one of the major military sectors of the Government of Saudi Arabia, responsible for security and national defence matters.
See Saudi Arabia and Ministry of National Guard
Ministry of Tourism (Saudi Arabia)
The Ministry of Tourism (MoT; translit), before 2020 as the Saudi Commission for Tourism and National Heritage (SCTH), till 2015 as the Saudi Commission for Tourism and Antiquities (SCTA) and prior to 2008 as the Supreme Commission for Tourism (SCT), is a government ministry in Saudi Arabia that is concerned with the tourism sector of the country.
See Saudi Arabia and Ministry of Tourism (Saudi Arabia)
Minor (law)
In law, a minor is someone under a certain age, usually the age of majority, which demarcates an underage individual from legal adulthood.
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Mintaqah
Minṭaqah (plural مَنَاطِق) is a term used for a first-level administrative division in Saudi Arabia and Chad and for a second-level administrative division in several other Arab countries.
Modern Standard Arabic
Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) or Modern Written Arabic (MWA) is the variety of standardized, literary Arabic that developed in the Arab world in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and in some usages also the variety of spoken Arabic that approximates this written standard.
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Mohammed Al-Jadaan
Mohammed Al-Jadaan (محمد بن عبد الله الجدعان; born 1963) is a commercial lawyer and co-founder of Al-Jadaan and Partners Law Firm who has served as Saudi Arabia's Minister of Finance since November 2016 and concurrently as acting Minister of Economy and Planning since March 2020.
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Mohammed bin Salman
Mohammed bin Salman Al Saud (translit; born 31 August 1985), popularly known by his initials as MBS or MbS, is the heir apparent to the Saudi Arabian throne.
See Saudi Arabia and Mohammed bin Salman
Mongoose
A mongoose is a small terrestrial carnivorous mammal belonging to the family Herpestidae.
Monsoon
A monsoon is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with annual latitudinal oscillation of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) between its limits to the north and south of the equator.
Moral authority
Moral authority is authority premised on principles, or fundamental truths, which are independent of written, or positive, laws.
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Morning Consult
Morning Consult is an American business intelligence company established in 2014.
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Muhafazah
A (مُحَافَظَات) is a first-level administrative division of many Arab countries, and a second-level administrative division in Saudi Arabia.
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Muhammad
Muhammad (570 – 8 June 632 CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam.
Muhammad Ali of Egypt
Muhammad Ali (4 March 1769 – 2 August 1849) was an Ottoman Albanian governor and military commander who was the de facto ruler of Egypt from 1805 to 1848, considered the founder of modern Egypt.
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Muhammad bin Saud Al Muqrin
Muhammad bin Saud Al Muqrin (1687–1765), also known as Ibn Saud, was the emir of Diriyah and is considered the founder of the First Saudi State and the Saud dynasty, which are named for his father, Saud bin Muhammad Al Muqrin.
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Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Wahhāb ibn Sulaymān al-Tamīmī (2; 1703–1792) was a Sunni Muslim scholar, theologian, preacher, activist, religious leader, jurist, and reformer from Najd in central Arabia, considered as the eponymous founder of the so-called Wahhabi movement.
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Muhammad in Islam
In Islam, Muḥammad (مُحَمَّد) is venerated as the Seal of the Prophets and earthly manifestation of primordial divine light (Nūr), who transmitted the eternal word of God (Qur'ān) from the angel Gabriel (Jabrāʾīl) to humans and jinn.
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Muslim World League
The Muslim World League (MWL; Rabitat al-Alam al-Islami) is an international Islamic NGO based in Mecca, Saudi Arabia that promotes what it calls the true message of Islam by advancing moderate values that promote peace, tolerance and love.
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Nabataeans
The Nabataeans or Nabateans (translit) were an ancient Arab people who inhabited northern Arabia and the southern Levant.
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Nafud desert
--> | other_name. Saudi Arabia and Nafud desert are Arabian Peninsula.
See Saudi Arabia and Nafud desert
Najd
Najd (نَجْدٌ) is the central region of Saudi Arabia, in which about a third of the country's modern population resides.
Najdi Arabic
Najdi Arabic (اللهجة النجدية) is the group of Arabic varieties originating from the Najd region of Saudi Arabia.
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Najran
Najran (نجران), is a city in southwestern Saudi Arabia.
Nasseef House
Nasseef House or Nassif House (Arabic: بيت نصيف Bayt Nasseef) is a historical structure in Al-Balad, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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National Basketball Association
The National Basketball Association (NBA) is a professional basketball league in North America composed of 30 teams (29 in the United States and 1 in Canada).
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Nature (journal)
Nature is a British weekly scientific journal founded and based in London, England.
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NBC News
NBC News is the news division of the American broadcast television network NBC.
Neolithic
The Neolithic or New Stone Age (from Greek νέος 'new' and λίθος 'stone') is an archaeological period, the final division of the Stone Age in Europe, Asia and Africa.
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Newsweek
Newsweek is a weekly news magazine.
Nisba (onomastics)
In Arabic names, a nisba (نسبة, "attribution"), also rendered as or, is an adjective surname indicating the person's place of origin, ancestral tribe, or ancestry, used at the end of the name and occasionally ending in the suffix -iyy for males and -iyyah for females.
See Saudi Arabia and Nisba (onomastics)
Non-Resident Indians in Saudi Arabia
Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) in Saudi Arabia (lit) are the largest community of expatriates in the country, with most of them coming from the states of Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Telangana and most recently, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat.
See Saudi Arabia and Non-Resident Indians in Saudi Arabia
North Africa
North Africa (sometimes Northern Africa) is a region encompassing the northern portion of the African continent. There is no singularly accepted scope for the region, and it is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of the Western Sahara in the west, to Egypt and Sudan's Red Sea coast in the east.
See Saudi Arabia and North Africa
North Levantine Arabic
North Levantine Arabic (al-lahja š-šāmiyya š-šamāliyya, North Levantine) was defined in the ISO 639-3 international standard for language codes as a distinct Arabic variety, under the apc code.
See Saudi Arabia and North Levantine Arabic
Nouri al-Maliki
Nouri Kamil Muhammad-Hasan al-Maliki (نوري كامل محمد حسن المالكي; born 20 June 1950), also known as Jawad al-Maliki (rtl), is an Iraqi politician and leader of the Islamic Dawa Party since 2007.
See Saudi Arabia and Nouri al-Maliki
Nuclear fuel
Nuclear fuel is material used in nuclear power stations to produce heat to power turbines.
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Nuclear power in Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia has no nuclear power plants.
See Saudi Arabia and Nuclear power in Saudi Arabia
Nuclear program of Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia is not known to have a nuclear weapons program.
See Saudi Arabia and Nuclear program of Saudi Arabia
Numbers 31
Numbers 31 is the 31st chapter of the Book of Numbers, the fourth book of the Pentateuch (Torah), the central part of the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament), a sacred text in Judaism and Christianity.
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Occupation of Ma'an
The Occupation of Ma'an was the post-World War I occupation of the Sanjak of Ma'an, which straddled the regions of Syria and Arabia, by members of the Hashemite family, who came to power in various regions of the Near East and Arabia; they were King Hussein in the Kingdom of Hejaz, Emir Faisal representing the Arab government in Damascus (Occupied Enemy Territory Administration East and later the Arab Kingdom of Syria) and Abdullah, who was to become Emir of Transjordan.
See Saudi Arabia and Occupation of Ma'an
Oil embargo
An oil embargo is an economic situation wherein entities engage in an embargo to limit the transport of petroleum to or from an area, in order to exact some desired outcome.
See Saudi Arabia and Oil embargo
Oldowan
The Oldowan (or Mode I) was a widespread stone tool archaeological industry (style) in prehistory.
Oman
Oman, officially the Sultanate of Oman, is a country in West Asia. Saudi Arabia and Oman are Arabian Peninsula, countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, countries in Asia, member states of the Arab League, member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
Oman Daily Observer
Oman Daily Observer is an English-language daily broadsheet published from Muscat, the capital of the Sultanate of Oman, and it comes under the Ministry of Information.
See Saudi Arabia and Oman Daily Observer
OPEC
The Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is an organization enabling the co-operation of leading oil-producing and oil-dependent countries in order to collectively influence the global oil market and maximize profit.
Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC; Munaẓẓamat at-Taʿāwun al-ʾIslāmī; Organisation de la coopération islamique), formerly the Organisation of the Islamic Conference, is an intergovernmental organization founded in 1969.
See Saudi Arabia and Organisation of Islamic Cooperation
Ormus
The Kingdom of Ormus (also known as Hormoz or Hormuz; هرمز; Ormuz) was located in the eastern side of the Persian Gulf and extended as far as Bahrain in the west at its zenith.
Oryx
Oryx is a genus consisting of four large antelope species called oryxes.
Osama bin Laden
Osama bin Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden (translit; 10 March 19572 May 2011) was a Saudi Arabian-born Islamist dissident and militant leader who was the founder and first general emir of al-Qaeda from 1988 until his death in 2011.
See Saudi Arabia and Osama bin Laden
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.
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Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1538–1560)
The Ottoman-Portuguese conflicts (1538 to 1560) were a period of conflict during the Ottoman–Portuguese confrontations and series of armed military encounters between the Portuguese Empire and the Ottoman Empire along with regional allies in and along the Indian Ocean, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea.
See Saudi Arabia and Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1538–1560)
Outline of Saudi Arabia
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Saudi Arabia: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, or KSA, is a sovereign country that comprises the central portion of the Arabian Peninsula of Southwest Asia.
See Saudi Arabia and Outline of Saudi Arabia
Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction
Pakistan is one of nine states that possess nuclear weapons. Pakistan began developing nuclear weapons in January 1972 under Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who delegated the program to the Chairman of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) Munir Ahmad Khan with a commitment to having the device ready by the end of 1976.
See Saudi Arabia and Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction
Pakistanis in Saudi Arabia
Pakistanis in Saudi Arabia are either Pakistani people who live in Saudi Arabia after having been born elsewhere, or are Saudi Arabian-born but have Pakistani roots.
See Saudi Arabia and Pakistanis in Saudi Arabia
Paleolithic
The Paleolithic or Palaeolithic, also called the Old Stone Age, is a period in human prehistory that is distinguished by the original development of stone tools, and which represents almost the entire period of human prehistoric technology.
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Palestine (region)
The region of Palestine, also known as Historic Palestine, is a geographical area in West Asia.
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Palestinians
Palestinians (al-Filasṭīniyyūn) or Palestinian people (label), also referred to as Palestinian Arabs (label), are an Arab ethnonational group native to Palestine.
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Passport Island
King Fahd Passport Island, or simply Passport Island, is an artificial island partitioned between Bahrain and Saudi Arabia in the Gulf of Bahrain.
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Patrick Cockburn
Patrick Oliver Cockburn (born 5 March 1950) is a journalist who has been a Middle East correspondent for the Financial Times since 1979 and, from 1990, The Independent.
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Pay television
The pay television (pay TV), also known as subscription television, premium television or, when referring to an individual service, a premium channel, refers to subscription-based television services, usually provided by multichannel television providers, but also increasingly via digital terrestrial and streaming television.
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Peak oil
Peak oil is the theorized point in time when the maximum rate of global oil production will occur, after which oil production will begin an irreversible decline.
Pelagic zone
The pelagic zone consists of the water column of the open ocean and can be further divided into regions by depth.
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Permanent residency
Permanent residency is a person's legal resident status in a country or territory of which such person is not a citizen but where they have the right to reside on a permanent basis.
See Saudi Arabia and Permanent residency
Persian Gulf
The Persian Gulf (Fars), sometimes called the (Al-Khalīj al-ˁArabī), is a mediterranean sea in West Asia.
See Saudi Arabia and Persian Gulf
Petroleum
Petroleum or crude oil, also referred to as simply oil, is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture of mainly hydrocarbons, and is found in geological formations.
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Planned economy
A planned economy is a type of economic system where the distribution of goods and services or the investment, production and the allocation of capital goods takes place according to economic plans that are either economy-wide or limited to a category of goods and services.
See Saudi Arabia and Planned economy
Porites
Porites is a genus of stony coral; they are small polyp stony (SPS) corals.
Pre-Islamic Arabia
Pre-Islamic Arabia, referring to the Arabian Peninsula before Muhammad's first revelation in 610 CE, is referred to in Islam in the context of, highlighting the prevalence of paganism throughout the region at the time.
See Saudi Arabia and Pre-Islamic Arabia
Premium Residency
The Premium Residency, informally known as the Saudi green card, is a residence permit in Saudi Arabia that grants expatriates the right to live, work and own business and property in the Kingdom without the need for a sponsor.
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Presidency of State Security
Presidency of State Security is a Saudi Arabian security body created in 2017 by combining the counterterrorism and domestic intelligence services under one roof.
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Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia
The Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (raʾīs majlis al-wuzaraʾ) is the chairman of the Council of Ministers and head of government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia
Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University
Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University (PNU; جامعة الأميرة نورة بنت عبد الرحمن), formerly Riyadh University for Women, is a public women's university in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University
Privatization
Privatization (rendered privatisation in British English) can mean several different things, most commonly referring to moving something from the public sector into the private sector.
See Saudi Arabia and Privatization
Proclamation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
The Declaration of the Unification of Saudi Arabia was officially announced by Prince Faisal bin Abdulaziz, the Viceroy of Hejaz on behalf of King Abdulaziz ibn Saud on September 23, 1932 (corresponding to 21 Jumada al-Ula 1351 Hijri), at 9:00 am from al-Hamidiyah Palace in Mecca.
See Saudi Arabia and Proclamation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Prophet
In religion, a prophet or prophetess is an individual who is regarded as being in contact with a divine being and is said to speak on behalf of that being, serving as an intermediary with humanity by delivering messages or teachings from the supernatural source to other people.
Public Investment Fund
The Public Investment Fund (PIF; صندوق الاستثمارات العامة) is the sovereign wealth fund of Saudi Arabia.
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Punjabi language
Punjabi, sometimes spelled Panjabi, is an Indo-Aryan language native to the Punjab region of Pakistan and India.
See Saudi Arabia and Punjabi language
Qarmatians
The Qarmatians (Qarāmiṭa) were a militant Isma'ili Shia movement centred in al-Hasa in Eastern Arabia, where they established a religious—and, as some scholars have claimed, proto-socialist or utopian socialist—state in 899 CE.
See Saudi Arabia and Qarmatians
Qatar
Qatar (قطر) officially the State of Qatar, is a country in West Asia. It occupies the Qatar Peninsula on the northeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in the Middle East; it shares its sole land border with Saudi Arabia to the south, with the rest of its territory surrounded by the Persian Gulf. Saudi Arabia and Qatar are Arabian Peninsula, countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, countries in Asia, islamic monarchies, member states of the Arab League, member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
Qatif
Qatif or Al-Qatif (ٱلْقَطِيف Al-Qaṭīf) is a governorate and urban area located in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.
Qisas
Qisas or Qiṣāṣ (lit) is an Islamic term interpreted to mean "retaliation in kind",Mohamed S. El-Awa (1993), Punishment In Islamic Law, American Trust Publications, "eye for an eye", or retributive justice.
QS World University Rankings
The QS World University Rankings is a portfolio of comparative college and university rankings compiled by Quacquarelli Symonds, a higher education analytics firm.
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Quaternary
The Quaternary is the current and most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS).
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Quran
The Quran, also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation directly from God (Allah).
Rajaa al-Sanea
Rajaa al-Sanea (رجاء بنت عبد الله الصانع; born in 1981, on 11 September) is a Saudi Arabian writer who became famous through her novel Girls of Riyadh (rtl Banāt al-Riyāḍ).
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Raqqa
Raqqa (ar-Raqqah, also) is a city in Syria on the left bank of the Euphrates River, about east of Aleppo.
Rashidi dynasty
The Rashidi dynasty, also called Al Rashid or the House of Rashid (آل رشيد), was a historic Arabian House or dynasty that existed in the Arabian Peninsula between 1836 and 1921.
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Rashidun Caliphate
The Rashidun Caliphate (al-Khilāfah ar-Rāšidah) was the first caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
See Saudi Arabia and Rashidun Caliphate
Rebab
The rebab (ربابة, rabāba, variously spelled rebap, rubob, rebeb, rababa, rabeba, robab, rubab, rebob, etc) is the name of several related string instruments that independently spread via Islamic trading routes over much of North Africa, Middle East, Central Asia, Southeast Asia, and parts of Europe.
Red Sea
The Red Sea is a sea inlet of the Indian Ocean, lying between Africa and Asia.
Red Sea Nubo–Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert
The Red Sea Nubo–Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert ecoregion (WWF ID: PA1325) covers extremely arid land along the northeastern Red Sea, the southern Sinai Peninsula, and on a thin strip along the Israel-Jordan border.
See Saudi Arabia and Red Sea Nubo–Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert
Region
In geography, regions, otherwise referred to as areas, zones, lands or territories, are portions of the Earth's surface that are broadly divided by physical characteristics (physical geography), human impact characteristics (human geography), and the interaction of humanity and the environment (environmental geography).
Regional power
In international relations, regional power, since the late 20thcentury has been used for a sovereign state that exercises significant power within its geographical region.
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Regionalism (politics)
Regionalism is a political ideology that seeks to increase the political power, influence and self-determination of the people of one or more subnational regions.
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Reporters Without Borders
Reporters Without Borders (RWB; Reporters sans frontières; RSF) is an international non-profit and non-governmental organization focused on safeguarding the right to freedom of information.
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Reuters
Reuters is a news agency owned by Thomson Reuters.
Rijal Almaa
Rijal Almaa or Rijal Almaa is a village located in the Rijal Almaa province, 'Asir Region, Saudi Arabia.
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Riyadh
Riyadh (ar-Riyāḍ) is the capital and largest city of Saudi Arabia.
Riyadh Al Khabra
Riyadh Al Khabra (رياض الخبراء) is one of the governorates in Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and Riyadh Al Khabra
Rock Art in the Ha'il Region
Rock Art in the Ha'il Region (الفنون الصخرية في منطقة حائل) is the fourth site in Saudi Arabia to be inscribed on the UNESCO List of World Heritage Sites.
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Rohingya language
Rohingya (Hanifi Rohingya:,,,Muhammad Ibrahim, (2013) Rohingya Text Book I. رُحَ࣪ڠۡگِ࣭ࢬ فࣤنَّ࣪رۡ كِتَفۡ لࣤمۡبࣤ࣪رۡ (١), Published by Rohingya fonna) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Rohingya people of Rakhine State, Myanmar.
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Roman Empire
The Roman Empire was the state ruled by the Romans following Octavian's assumption of sole rule under the Principate in 27 BC, the post-Republican state of ancient Rome.
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Romanization
In linguistics, romanization is the conversion of text from a different writing system to the Roman (Latin) script, or a system for doing so.
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Rotana Media Group
Rotana Media Group, commonly known as Rotana (Rōtānā), is a Saudi Arabian entertainment company.
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Royal Saudi Air Defense Forces
The Saudi Arabian Air Defense Forces or officially Royal Saudi Air Defense Forces (RSADF) (قُوَّات الدِفَاع الجوّي المَلكِيَّ السُّعُودِي) is the aerial defense service branch of the Saudi Arabian Armed Forces.
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Royal Saudi Air Force
The Royal Saudi Air Force (Al-Quwwat Al-Jawiyah Al-Malakiyah as-Su’udiyah) (RSAF) is the aviation branch of the Saudi Arabian Armed Forces.
See Saudi Arabia and Royal Saudi Air Force
Royal Saudi Navy
The Royal Saudi Navy (Al-Quwwat al-Bahriyah al-Arabiyah as-Su'udiyah) or Royal Saudi Naval Forces (Al-Quwwat al-Bahriyah al-Malakiyah as-Su'udiyah), is the maritime arm of the Saudi Arabian Armed Forces and one of the five service branches of the Ministry of Defense of Saudi Arabia.
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Royal Saudi Strategic Missile Force
The Royal Saudi Strategic Missile Force (RSSMF; quwwa aṣ-ṣawārīkh al-ʾistrātījiyya al-milkiyya as-Saʿūdiyya) is the fifth branch of the Saudi Arabian Armed Forces, responsible for commissioning long-range strategic missiles.
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Rub' al Khali
The Rub' al KhaliOther standardized transliterations include: /. The is the assimilated Arabic definite article,, which can also be transliterated as. Saudi Arabia and Rub' al Khali are Arabian Peninsula.
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Saddam Hussein
Saddam Hussein (28 April 1937 – 30 December 2006) was an Iraqi politician and revolutionary who served as the fifth president of Iraq from 1979 to 2003.
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Salafi jihadism
Salafi jihadism, also known as revolutionary Salafism or jihadist Salafism, is a religious-political Sunni Islamist ideology that seeks to establish a global caliphate, characterized by the advocacy of "physical" (military) jihadist attacks on non-Muslim targets.
See Saudi Arabia and Salafi jihadism
Salafi movement
The Salafi movement or Salafism is a revival movement within Sunni Islam, which was formed as a socio-religious movement during the late 19th century and has remained influential in the Islamic world for over a century.
See Saudi Arabia and Salafi movement
Salah
Salah is the principal form of worship in Islam.
Salman of Saudi Arabia
Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (translit; born 31 December 1935) is King of Saudi Arabia, reigning since 2015, and was also Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia from 2015 to 2022.
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Salman the Persian
Salman al-Farsi (سَلْمَان ٱلْفَارِسِيّ) was a Persian religious scholar and one of the companions of Muhammad.
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Samar Badawi
Samar bint Muhammad Badawi (سمر بدوي; born 28 June 1981) is a Saudi Arabian human rights activist.
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Sanaa
Sanaa (صَنْعَاء,, Yemeni Arabic:; Old South Arabian: 𐩮𐩬𐩲𐩥 Ṣnʿw), also spelled Sana'a and Sana, is the capital and largest city of Yemen and the capital of the Sanaa Governorate.
Sand cat
The sand cat (Felis margarita) is a small wild cat that inhabits sandy and stony deserts far from water sources.
Sandgrouse
Sandgrouse is the common name for Pteroclidae, a family of sixteen species of bird, members of the order Pterocliformes.
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Sarawat Mountains
The Sarawat Mountains (Jibāl as-Sarawāt), also known as the Sarat in singular case, is a part of the Hijaz Mountains in the western part of the Arabian Peninsula.
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Saud bin Muhammad Al Muqrin
Saud bin Muhammad Al Muqrin (سعود بن محمد آل مقرن Suʿūd ibn Muḥammad Āl Muqrin; 1640–1726) was the eponymous ancestor of the House of Saud, otherwise known as the al-Saud.
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Saud of Saudi Arabia
Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (translit; 15 January 1902 – 23 February 1969) was King of Saudi Arabia from 9 November 1953 until his abdication on 2 November 1964.
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Saudi Arabia at the FIFA World Cup
This is a record of Saudi Arabia's results at the FIFA World Cup.
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Saudi Arabia men's national basketball team
The Saudi Arabia national basketball team is the national basketball team representing the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Saudi Arabia national football team
The Saudi Arabia national football team (SAFF) (المنتخب السُّعُودِيّ لِكُرَّةُ الْقَدَم) represents Saudi Arabia in men's international football.
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Saudi Arabia women's national basketball team
The Saudi Arabia women's national basketball team represents Saudi Arabia in international competitions and friendly matches.
See Saudi Arabia and Saudi Arabia women's national basketball team
Saudi Arabia women's national football team
The Saudi Arabia women's national football team (المنتخب السعودي لكرة القدمللسيدات) is the official women's national football team of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and Saudi Arabia women's national football team
Saudi Arabia–United States relations
Bilateral relations between Saudi Arabia and the United States began in 1933 when full diplomatic relations were established.
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Saudi Arabian Army
The Saudi Arabian Army, officially the Royal Saudi Land Forces (Al-Quwwat al-Bariyah al-Malakiyah as-Su'udiyah), is the principle land warfare branch of the Armed Forces of Saudi Arabia.
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Saudi Arabian cuisine
Saudi Arabian cuisine (Arabic: المطبخ العربي السعودي) varies according to the diverse landscapes and regions of the country.
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Saudi Arabian Football Federation
The Saudi Arabian Football Federation (SAFF; الاتحاد السعودي لكرة القدم) is the football governing body of Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and Saudi Arabian Football Federation
Saudi Arabian National Guard
The Saudi Arabian National Guard (SANG) (al-Ḥaras al-Waṭanī), also known as the White Army, is one of the three major branches of the military forces of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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Saudi Aramco
Saudi Aramco (أرامكو السعودية), officially the Saudi Arabian Oil Group or simply Aramco (formerly Arabian-American Oil Company), is a state-owned petroleum and natural gas company that is the national oil company of Saudi Arabia.
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Saudi Broadcasting Authority
The Saudi Broadcasting Authority (SBA), formerly Saudi Broadcasting Corporation (SBC) and the Broadcasting Services of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (BSKSA), is a governmental entity of Saudi Arabia, organized under the Ministry of Media.
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Saudi Emergency Force
The Special Emergency Force (قوات الطوارئ الخاصة Qūwāt aṭ-Ṭawāriʾ as-Suʿūdīyah) The S.E.F (Saudi Emergency Force) is a special operations counter-terrorism unit of the Presidency of State Security.
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Saudi National Day
Saudi National Day (اليومالوطني للمملكة العربية السعودية al-Yawm al-Waṭanī lil-Mamlaka al-ʿArabiyya as-Saʿūdiyya) is a public holiday in Saudi Arabia celebrated annually on 23 September to commemorate the proclamation that renamed the Kingdom of Nejd and Hejaz as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in 1932 through a royal decree by King Abdulaziz ibn Saud.
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Saudi riyal
The Saudi riyal (ريال سعودي) is the currency of Saudi Arabia.
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Saudi Royal Guard Regiment
The Saudi Arabian Royal Guard (الحرس الملكي السعودي Al-Ḥars al-Malakī as-Suʿūdī) is a unit in the Saudi military forces.
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Saudi Sign Language
Saudi Sign Language is the deaf sign language of Saudi Arabia.
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Saudi Vision 2030
Saudi Vision 2030 (رؤية السعودية ٢٠٣٠ ruʾyat al-suʿūdiyah alfayn thalāthūn, sometimes called Project 2030) is a government program launched by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia which aims to achieve the goal of increased diversification economically, socially and culturally, in line with the vision of Saudi Crown Prince and Prime Minister Mohammed bin Salman.
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Saudi Women's Premier League
The Saudi Women's Premier League (الدوري السعودي الممتاز للسيدات) is the top flight of women's association football in Saudi Arabia.
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Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war
On 26 March 2015, Saudi Arabia, leading a coalition of nine countries from West Asia and North Africa, launched an intervention in Yemen at the request of Yemeni president Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi, who had been ousted from the capital, Sanaa, in September 2014 by Houthi insurgents during the Yemeni Civil War.
See Saudi Arabia and Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war
Saudi–Yemen barrier
The Saudi–Yemen barrier (الجدار السعودي اليمني) is a physical barrier constructed by Saudi Arabia along part of its border with Yemen.
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Saudis
Saudis (Suʿūdiyyūn) or Saudi Arabians are an ethnic group and nation native to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, who speak the Arabic language, a Central Semitic language, and share a common ancestry, history, and culture.
Saudization
Saudization (السعودة), officially the Saudi nationalization scheme and also known as Nitaqat (النطاقات), is a policy that is implemented in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia by the Ministry of Labor and Social Development, which requires companies and enterprises to fill their workforce with Saudi nationals up to certain levels.
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Schengen Area
The Schengen Area is an area encompassing European countries that have officially abolished border controls at their mutual borders.
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Seljuk Empire
The Seljuk Empire, or the Great Seljuk Empire, was a high medieval, culturally Turco-Persian, Sunni Muslim empire, established and ruled by the Qïnïq branch of Oghuz Turks.
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September 11 attacks
The September 11 attacks, commonly known as 9/11, were four coordinated Islamist terrorist suicide attacks carried out by al-Qaeda against the United States in 2001.
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Sex segregation
Sex segregation, sex separation, sex partition, gender segregation, gender separation, or gender partition is the physical, legal, or cultural separation of people according to their biological sex at any age.
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Sexism
Sexism is prejudice or discrimination based on one's sex or gender.
Shahada
The Shahada (الشَّهَادَةُ;, 'the testimony'), also transliterated as Shahadah, is an Islamic oath and creed, and one of the Five Pillars of Islam and part of the Adhan.
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is a Eurasian political, economic, international security and defence organization established by China and Russia in 2001.
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Sharia
Sharia (sharīʿah) is a body of religious law that forms a part of the Islamic tradition based on scriptures of Islam, particularly the Quran and hadith.
Sharif of Mecca
The Sharif of Mecca (Sharīf Makkah) or Hejaz (Sharīf al-Ḥijāz) was the title of the leader of the Sharifate of Mecca, traditional steward of the Islamic holy cities of Mecca and Medina and the surrounding Hejaz.
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Shawarma
Shawarma (شاورما) is a Middle Eastern dish that originated in the Levant region of the Arab world during the Ottoman Empire, consisting of meat that is cut into thin slices, stacked in an inverted cone, and roasted on a slow-turning vertical spit.
Shia Islam
Shia Islam is the second-largest branch of Islam.
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Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia
The Saudi government does not conduct a census on religion or ethnicity, but some sources estimate the Shia population in Saudi Arabia to make up around 20% of the approximately 34 million natives of Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia
Shirk (Islam)
Shirk (lit) in Islam is a sin often roughly translated as 'idolatry' or 'polytheism', but more accurately meaning 'association '. It refers to accepting other divinities or powers alongside God as associates.
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Slavery
Slavery is the ownership of a person as property, especially in regards to their labour.
Slavery in Saudi Arabia
Legal Chattel slavery existed in Saudi Arabia until the 1960s.
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Smoking in Saudi Arabia
Smoking in Saudi Arabia is banned in airports, workplaces, universities, research centers, hospitals, government buildings, all public places, places involved with tourism, and in and around all places associated with religion, education, public events, sporting establishments, charity associations, all forms of public transport and their associated facilities, plants for manufacturing or processing items, and a large proportion of public places.
See Saudi Arabia and Smoking in Saudi Arabia
South Arabia
South Arabia is a historical region that consists of the southern region of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia, mainly centered in what is now the Republic of Yemen, yet it has also historically included Najran, Jizan, Al-Bahah, and 'Asir, which are presently in Saudi Arabia, and Dhofar of present-day Oman. Saudi Arabia and south Arabia are Arabian Peninsula.
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South Asia
South Asia is the southern subregion of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethnic-cultural terms.
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Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna
The Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna, also known as the Southwestern Arabian Escarpment shrublands and woodlands, is a desert and xeric shrubland ecoregion of the southern Arabian Peninsula, covering portions of Saudi Arabia, Yemen, and Oman.
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Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands
The Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands is a xeric woodland ecoregion in the southwestern Arabian Peninsula.
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Sportswashing
Sportswashing is a term used to describe the practice of nations, individuals, groups, corporations, or governments using sports to improve reputations tarnished by wrongdoing.
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State religion
A state religion (also called official religion) is a religion or creed officially endorsed by a sovereign state.
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Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) is an international institute based in Stockholm.
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Stoning
Stoning, or lapidation, is a method of capital punishment where a group throws stones at a person until the subject dies from blunt trauma.
Striped hyena
The striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena) is a species of hyena native to North and East Africa, the Middle East, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and the Indian subcontinent.
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Sudairi Seven
The Sudairi Seven (السديريون السبعة, As Sudayriyyūn as Sabʿah), also spelled Sudairy or Sudayri, is the commonly used name for a powerful alliance of seven full brothers within the Saudi royal family.
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Sufism
Sufism is a mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic purification, spirituality, ritualism and asceticism.
Sulaymani
The Sulaymani branch of Tayyibi Isma'ilism is an Islamic community, of which around 70,000 members reside in Yemen, while a few thousand Sulaymani Bohras can be found in India.
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Sultanate of Nejd
The Sultanate of Nejd (سلطنة نجد) was the third iteration of the Third Saudi State, from 1921 to 1926.
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Sunnah
In Islam,, also spelled (سنة), is the traditions and practices of the Islamic prophet Muhammad that constitute a model for Muslims to follow.
Sunni Islam
Sunni Islam is the largest branch of Islam, followed by 85–90% of the world's Muslims, and simultaneously the largest religious denomination in the world.
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Suzerainty
Suzerainty includes the rights and obligations of a person, state, or other polity which controls the foreign policy and relations of a tributary state but allows the tributary state internal autonomy.
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Syrian Desert
The Syrian Desert (بادية الشامBādiyat Ash-Shām), also known as the North Arabian Desert, the Jordanian steppe, or the Badiya, is a region of desert, semi-desert, and steppe, covering approx.
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Syrians in Saudi Arabia
, the number of Syrians in Saudi Arabia is estimated to be around 449,000 and consists mainly of temporary foreign workers.
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Taboon bread
Taboon bread (khubz ṭābūn) is Levantine flatbread baked in a taboon or tannur clay oven, similar to the various tandoor breads found in many parts of Asia.
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Tabuk Province
Tabuk (مِنْطَقَة تَبُوْك) is a province of Saudi Arabia, located along the northwestern coast of the country, facing Egypt across the Red Sea.
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Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
Tabuk (تَبُوْك) is the capital city of the Tabuk Region in northwestern Saudi Arabia.
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Tagalog language
Tagalog (Baybayin) is an Austronesian language spoken as a first language by the ethnic Tagalog people, who make up a quarter of the population of the Philippines, and as a second language by the majority.
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Taliban
The Taliban (lit), which also refers to itself by its state name, the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan, is an Afghan militant movement with an ideology comprising elements of Pashtun nationalism and the Deobandi movement of Islamic fundamentalism.
Tarout Island
Tarout or Tārūt Island (جزيرة تاروت) is an island in the Persian Gulf belonging to the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, connected by three causeways to Qatif.
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Tawfig Al-Rabiah
Tawfig F. AlRabiah (توفيق بن فوزان الربيعة; born 26 October 1965) is the current Minister of Hajj and Umrah for Saudi Arabia.
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Taylor & Francis
Taylor & Francis Group is an international company originating in England that publishes books and academic journals.
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Tayma
Tayma (Taymanitic: 𐪉𐪃𐪒,, vocalized as:; translit) is a large oasis with a long history of settlement, located in northwestern Saudi Arabia at the point where the trade route between Medina and Dumah (Sakakah) begins to cross the Nafud desert. Saudi Arabia and Tayma are Arabian Peninsula.
Telephone numbers in Saudi Arabia
This is a discussion of telephone numbers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
See Saudi Arabia and Telephone numbers in Saudi Arabia
Thawb
Thawb or thobe (ثَوْب), is an Arab garment worn by inhabitants of the Arabian Peninsula.
The Daily Beast
The Daily Beast is an American news website focused on politics, media, and pop culture.
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The Diplomat
The Diplomat is an international online news magazine covering politics, society, and culture in the Indo-Pacific region.
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The Economist
The Economist is a British weekly newspaper published in printed magazine format and digitally.
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The Economist Democracy Index
The Democracy Index published by the Economist Group is an index measuring the quality of democracy across the world.
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The Gazette (Montreal)
The Gazette, also known as the Montreal Gazette, is a Canadian English-language broadsheet daily newspaper which is owned by Postmedia Network.
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The Great War for Civilisation
The Great War for Civilisation: The Conquest of the Middle East is a book published in 2005 by the English journalist Robert Fisk.
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The Guardian
The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.
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The Hindu
The Hindu is an Indian English-language daily newspaper owned by The Hindu Group, headquartered in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
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The Independent
The Independent is a British online newspaper.
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The National (Abu Dhabi)
The National is a UAE state-owned English-language daily newspaper published in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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The New Arab
The New Arab or Al-Araby Al-Jadeed (العربي الجديد) is a London-based pan-Arab news outlet owned by Qatari company Fadaat Media.
See Saudi Arabia and The New Arab
The Peninsula (newspaper)
The Peninsula is an English language daily newspaper published from Doha, Qatar.
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The Red Sea Project
The Red Sea Project, simply referred to as The Red Sea, is a planned tourism megaproject in the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia.
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The Sunday Telegraph
The Sunday Telegraph is a British broadsheet newspaper, first published on 5 February 1961 and published by the Telegraph Media Group, a division of Press Holdings.
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The Times
The Times is a British daily national newspaper based in London.
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The Washington Institute for Near East Policy
The Washington Institute for Near East Policy (WINEP or TWI, also known simply as The Washington Institute) is a pro-Israel American think tank based in Washington, D.C., focused on the foreign policy of the United States in the Near East.
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The Washington Post
The Washington Post, locally known as "the Post" and, informally, WaPo or WP, is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the national capital.
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The World Factbook
The World Factbook, also known as the CIA World Factbook, is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world.
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Thee Ain
The village of Thee Ain (Arabic: ذي عين), also known as Dhi Ayn or Zee Ain village, is in the Al-Mikhwat province of the Al-Baha Region, Saudi Arabia.
Thomson Reuters
Thomson Reuters Corporation is a Canadian-American multinational information conglomerate.
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Tihamah
Tihamah or Tihama (تِهَامَةُ) is the Red Sea coastal plain of the Arabian Peninsula from the Gulf of Aqaba to the Bab el Mandeb.
Totalitarianism
Totalitarianism is a political system and a form of government that prohibits opposition political parties, disregards and outlaws the political claims of individual and group opposition to the state, and controls the public sphere and the private sphere of society.
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Transparency International
Transparency International e.V. (TI) is a German registered association founded in 1993 by former employees of the World Bank.
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Travel visa
A visa (lat. 'something seen', pl. visas) is a conditional authorization granted by a polity to a foreigner that allows them to enter, remain within, or leave its territory.
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Tribes of Arabia
The tribes of Arabia or Arab tribes denote ethnic Arab tribes originating in the Arabian Peninsula.
See Saudi Arabia and Tribes of Arabia
Tribute
A tribute (from Latin tributum, "contribution") is wealth, often in kind, that a party gives to another as a sign of submission, allegiance or respect.
Turaif
Turaif is a town in Northern Borders Province (also known as Al-Hudud ash Shamaliyah), Saudi Arabia, close to the border with Jordan.
Turki al-Hamad
Turki al-Hamad (تركي الحمد,; born 10 March 1952) is a Saudi Arabian political analyst, journalist, and novelist, best known for his trilogy about the coming-of-age of Hisham al-Abir, a Saudi Arabian teenager, the first installment of which, Adama, was published in 1998.
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Turks in Saudi Arabia
Turks in Saudi Arabia also referred to as Turkish Arabians, Turkish Saudi Arabians, Saudi Arabian Turks, Arabian Turks or Saudi Turks (Suudi Arabistan Türkleri, الأتراك في السعودية) refers to ethnic Turkish people living in Saudi Arabia.
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Twelver Shi'ism
Twelver Shīʿism (ٱثْنَا عَشَرِيَّة), also known as Imāmiyya (إِمَامِيَّة), is the largest branch of Shīʿa, comprising about 90% of all Shīas.
See Saudi Arabia and Twelver Shi'ism
U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Ranking
The Best Global Universities ranking by U.S. News & World Report is an annual ranking of world universities.
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Ubaid period
The Ubaid period (c. 5500–3700 BC) is a prehistoric period of Mesopotamia.
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Ulama
In Islam, the ulama (the learned ones; singular ʿālim; feminine singular alimah; plural aalimath), also spelled ulema, are scholars of Islamic doctrine and law.
Umar
Umar ibn al-Khattab (ʿUmar ibn al-Khaṭṭāb), also spelled Omar, was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634, when he succeeded Abu Bakr as the second caliph, until his assassination in 644.
Umayyad Caliphate
The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire (al-Khilāfa al-Umawiyya) was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty.
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Unaizah
Unaizah (عنيزة) or officially The Governorate of Unaizah (also spelled Onaizah, Onizah, or Unayzah; محافظة عنيزة) is a Saudi Arabian city in the Al Qassim Province.
UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists
UNESCO established its Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage with the aim of ensuring better protection of important intangible cultural heritages worldwide and the awareness of their significance.
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UNICEF
UNICEF, originally the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund, officially United Nations Children's Fund since 1953, is an agency of the United Nations responsible for providing humanitarian and developmental aid to children worldwide.
Unification of Saudi Arabia
The Unification of Saudi Arabia was a military and political campaign in which the various tribes, sheikhdoms, city-states, emirates, and kingdoms of most of the central Arabian Peninsula were conquered by the House of Saud, or Al Saud.
See Saudi Arabia and Unification of Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
The United Arab Emirates (UAE), or simply the Emirates, is a country in West Asia, in the Middle East. Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates are Arabian Peninsula, countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, countries in Asia, islamic monarchies, member states of OPEC, member states of the Arab League, member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
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United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was a sovereign state in Northwestern Europe that was established by the union in 1801 of the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland.
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United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is a diplomatic and political international organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations.
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United Nations Conference on International Organization
The United Nations Conference on International Organization (UNCIO), commonly known as the San Francisco Conference, was a convention of delegates from 50 Allied nations that took place from 25 April 1945 to 26 June 1945 in San Francisco, California, United States.
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United Nations Development Programme
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)Programme des Nations unies pour le développement, PNUD is a United Nations agency tasked with helping countries eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth and human development.
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United Nations Statistics Division
The United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD), formerly the United Nations Statistical Office, serves under the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) as the central mechanism within the Secretariat of the United Nations to supply the statistical needs and coordinating activities of the global statistical system.
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United States Department of State
The United States Department of State (DOS), or simply the State Department, is an executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy and relations.
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United States dollar
The United States dollar (symbol: $; currency code: USD; also abbreviated US$ to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies; referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, American dollar, or colloquially buck) is the official currency of the United States and several other countries.
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Universal Declaration of Human Rights
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is an international document adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that enshrines the rights and freedoms of all human beings.
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Urdu
Urdu (اُردُو) is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in South Asia.
Uruk
Uruk, known today as Warka, was an ancient city in the Near East, located east of the current bed of the Euphrates River, on an ancient, now-dried channel of the river.
Usfurids
The Usfurids (Al ʿUṣfūr) were an Arab dynasty that in 1253 gained control of Eastern Arabia, including the islands of Bahrain.
USS Cole bombing
The USS Cole bombing was a suicide attack by al-Qaeda against, a guided missile destroyer of the United States Navy, on 12 October 2000, while she was being refueled in Yemen's Aden harbor.
See Saudi Arabia and USS Cole bombing
Uyghurs
The Uyghurs, alternatively spelled Uighurs, Uygurs or Uigurs, are a Turkic ethnic group originating from and culturally affiliated with the general region of Central and East Asia.
Uyunid dynasty
The Uyunid dynasty (al-ʿUyūnīyūn) were an Arab dynasty that ruled Eastern Arabia for 163 years, from the 11th to the 13th centuries.
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Uyunid Emirate
The Uyunid Emirate was a historical Arab emirate centered in al-Hasa that ruled over most of eastern Arabia and Najd.
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V-Dem Democracy Indices
The Democracy Indices by V-Dem are democracy indices published by the V-Dem Institute that describe qualities of different democracies.
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Variety (magazine)
Variety is an American magazine owned by Penske Media Corporation.
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Venice Biennale
The Venice Biennale (La Biennale di Venezia) is an international cultural exhibition hosted annually in Venice, Italy by the Biennale Foundation.
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Vice (magazine)
Vice (stylized in all caps) is a Canadian-American magazine focused on lifestyle, arts, culture, and news/politics.
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Vice News
Vice News (stylized as VICE News) is Vice Media's alternative current affairs channel, producing daily documentary essays and video through its website and YouTube channel.
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Wadi
Wadi (wādī), alternatively wād (وَاد), Maghrebi Arabic Oued) is the Arabic term traditionally referring to a river valley. In some instances, it may refer to a wet (ephemeral) riverbed that contains water only when heavy rain occurs. Arroyo (Spanish) is used in the Americas for similar landforms.
Wahhabi sack of Karbala
The Wahhabi sack of Karbala occurred on 21April 1802 (1216 H), under the rule of Abdulaziz bin Muhammad Al Saud, the second ruler of the Emirate of Diriyah.
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Wahhabism
Wahhabism (translit) is a reformist religious movement within Sunni Islam, based on the teachings of 18th-century Hanbali cleric Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab.
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Wajeha al-Huwaider
Wajeha al-Huwaider (وجيهة الحويدر) (born 1962 or 1963) is a Saudi activist and writer, who played key roles in the anti male-guardianship and women to drive campaigns during the early twenty-first century.
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Wali (Islamic legal guardian)
Walī (ولي, plural ʾawliyāʾ أولياء) is an Arabic word primarily meaning primarily "ally", from which other related meanings with Islamic cultural tones derive, such as "ally of God" or "holy man/saint", etc.
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Wastewater treatment
Wastewater treatment is a process which removes and eliminates contaminants from wastewater.
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Water scarcity
Water scarcity (closely related to water stress or water crisis) is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand.
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West Asia
West Asia, also called Western Asia or Southwest Asia, is the westernmost region of Asia.
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WikiLeaks
WikiLeaks is a non-profit media organisation and publisher of leaked documents.
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William Patey
Sir William Charters Patey, KCMG (born 11 July 1953) is a British retired diplomat.
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Wipf and Stock
Wipf and Stock is a publisher in Eugene, Oregon, publishing works in theology, biblical studies, history and philosophy.
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Women's sport in Saudi Arabia
Women's sport in Saudi Arabia has been a controversial topic for many years due to the suppression of female participation in sport by conservative Islamic religious authorities.
See Saudi Arabia and Women's sport in Saudi Arabia
World Bank
The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects.
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World Bank high-income economy
A high-income economy is defined by the World Bank as a country with a gross national income per capita of US$14,005 or more in 2023, calculated using the Atlas method.
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World Health Assembly
The World Health Assembly (WHA) is the forum through which the World Health Organization (WHO) is governed by its 194 member states.
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World Health Organization
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health.
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World Heritage Site
World Heritage Sites are landmarks and areas with legal protection by an international convention administered by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, or scientific significance.
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World Trade Organization
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an intergovernmental organization headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland that regulates and facilitates international trade.
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World War I
World War I (alternatively the First World War or the Great War) (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers.
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WWE in Saudi Arabia
WWE, an American professional wrestling promotion based in Stamford, Connecticut, has been promoting events in Saudi Arabia since 2014.
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Xenophobia
Xenophobia (from ξένος (xénos), "strange, foreign, or alien", and (phóbos), "fear") is the fear or dislike of anything which is perceived as being foreign or strange.
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Xinjiang internment camps
The Xinjiang internment camps, officially called vocational education and training centers (w) by the government of China, are internment camps operated by the government of Xinjiang and the Chinese Communist Party Provincial Standing Committee.
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Yale University Press
Yale University Press is the university press of Yale University.
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Yemen
Yemen (al-Yaman), officially the Republic of Yemen, is a sovereign state in West Asia. Saudi Arabia and Yemen are countries and territories where Arabic is an official language, countries in Asia, member states of the Arab League, member states of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, member states of the United Nations, middle Eastern countries and west Asian countries.
Yemenite Jews
Yemenite Jews, also known as Yemeni Jews or Teimanim (from; اليهود اليمنيون), are Jews who live, or once lived, in Yemen, and their descendants maintaining their customs.
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Yom Kippur War
The Yom Kippur War, also known as the Ramadan War, the October War, the 1973 Arab–Israeli War, or the Fourth Arab–Israeli War, was an armed conflict fought from 6 to 25 October 1973, between Israel and a coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syria.
See Saudi Arabia and Yom Kippur War
YouGov
YouGov plc is a British international Internet-based market research and data analytics firm headquartered in the UK with operations in Europe, North America, the Middle East, and Asia-Pacific.
Youth in Saudi Arabia
Youth in Saudi Arabia are the citizens of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia who are between the ages of 15 and 24.
See Saudi Arabia and Youth in Saudi Arabia
.sa
.sa is the Latin alphabet Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) of Saudi Arabia.
16th parallel north
The 16th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 16 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane.
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1948 Arab–Israeli War
The 1948 Arab–Israeli War, also known as the First Arab–Israeli War, followed the civil war in Mandatory Palestine as the second and final stage of the 1948 Palestine war.
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1973 oil crisis
In October 1973, the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC) announced that it was implementing a total oil embargo against the countries who had supported Israel at any point during the 1973 Yom Kippur War, which began after Egypt and Syria launched a large-scale surprise attack in an ultimately unsuccessful attempt to recover the territories that they had lost to Israel during the 1967 Six-Day War.
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1979 Qatif Uprising
The 1979 Qatif Uprising, also known as the Muharram Intifada was a period of unprecedented civil unrest that occurred in Qatif and Al-Hasa, Saudi Arabia, in late November 1979.
See Saudi Arabia and 1979 Qatif Uprising
1984 AFC Asian Cup final
The 1984 AFC Asian Cup Final was a football match which determined the winner of the 1984 AFC Asian Cup, the 8th edition of the AFC Asian Cup, a quadrennial tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of the Asian Football Confederation.
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1988 AFC Asian Cup final
The 1988 AFC Asian Cup Final was a football match which determined the winner of the 1988 AFC Asian Cup, the 8th edition of the AFC Asian Cup, a quadrennial tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of the Asian Football Confederation.
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1992 King Fahd Cup
The 1992 King Fahd Cup (كَأْسُ الْمَلِك فَهْد), named after Fahd of Saudi Arabia, was the first association football tournament of the competition that would later be known as the FIFA Confederations Cup.
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1992 King Fahd Cup final
The 1992 King Fahd Cup final was a football match to determine the winners of the 1992 King Fahd Cup.
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1994 FIFA World Cup
The 1994 FIFA World Cup was the 15th FIFA World Cup, the world championship for men's national soccer teams.
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1996 AFC Asian Cup final
The 1996 AFC Asian Cup Final was a football match which determined the winner of the 1996 AFC Asian Cup, the 11th edition of the AFC Asian Cup, a quadrennial tournament contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of the Asian Football Confederation.
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1998 United States embassy bombings
The 1998 United States embassy bombings were attacks that occurred on August 7, 1998.
See Saudi Arabia and 1998 United States embassy bombings
1999 ABC Championship
The 1999 Asian Basketball Confederation Championship for Men was the qualifying tournament for the Basketball Tournament at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia.
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2005 Saudi Arabian municipal elections
Municipal elections for 178 municipalities were held in Saudi Arabia between 10 February and 21 April 2005.
See Saudi Arabia and 2005 Saudi Arabian municipal elections
2011 Saudi Arabian municipal elections
Municipal elections in Saudi Arabian towns and cities, initially planned for 31 October 2009, were held on 29 September 2011 (a week after the initial date of 22 September 2011).
See Saudi Arabia and 2011 Saudi Arabian municipal elections
2011–2012 Saudi Arabian protests
The protests in Saudi Arabia were part of the Arab Spring that started with the 2011 Tunisian revolution.
See Saudi Arabia and 2011–2012 Saudi Arabian protests
2015 Saudi Arabian municipal elections
Elections were held in Saudi Arabia on 12 December 2015 for municipal councils, which have limited decision-making powers on local issues such as rubbish collection and street maintenance.
See Saudi Arabia and 2015 Saudi Arabian municipal elections
2016 Saudi Arabia mass execution
On January 2, 2016, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia carried out a mass execution of 47 imprisoned civilians convicted of terrorism in 12 provinces in the country.
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2017 United States–Saudi Arabia arms deal
On May 20, 2017, U.S. President Donald Trump and Saudi Arabia's Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud signed a series of letters of intent for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to purchase arms from the United States totaling US$110 billion immediately, and $350 billion over 10 years.
See Saudi Arabia and 2017 United States–Saudi Arabia arms deal
2017–2019 Saudi Arabian purge
The 2017–19 Saudi Arabian purge was the mass arrest of a number of prominent Saudi Arabian princes, government ministers, and business people in Saudi Arabia on 4 November 2017.
See Saudi Arabia and 2017–2019 Saudi Arabian purge
2019 Saudi Arabia mass execution
On 23 April 2019, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia carried out a mass execution of 37 imprisoned civilians who had been convicted, 21 on the basis of confessions allegedly obtained under coercion and torture, for terrorism-related allegations in six provinces in the country.
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2022 Saudi Arabia mass execution
On 12 March 2022, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia carried out the mass execution of 81 men, including 7 Yemenis, 1 Syrian and 37 Saudi nationals on terrorism related charges and for holding deviant beliefs.
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33rd parallel north
The 33rd parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 33 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane.
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34th meridian east
The meridian 34° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Turkey, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.
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56th meridian east
The meridian 56° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Asia, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.
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5G
In telecommunications, 5G is the fifth-generation technology standard for cellular networks, which cellular phone companies began deploying worldwide in 2019, and is the successor to 4G technology that provides connectivity to most current mobile phones.
See also
1932 establishments in Saudi Arabia
- Al-Bilad (Saudi newspaper)
- Khuzam Palace
- King of Saudi Arabia
- Ministry of Finance (Saudi Arabia)
- Royal Court of Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Arabia
Arabian Peninsula
- Afromontane
- Al-Ahsa Oasis
- Al-Ahsa Water Springs
- Al-Okhdood
- Ancient towns in Saudi Arabia
- Arab states of the Persian Gulf
- Arabia Felix
- Arabian Desert
- Arabian Mau
- Arabian Peninsula
- Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert
- Arabian Plate
- Arabian Sea
- Bahrain
- Battle of Ash-Shihr (1523)
- Camel Heda'a
- Eastern Arabian cuisine
- Greater Yemen
- Gulf Cooperation Council
- Gulf and Arabian Peninsula Unity Forum
- Hadhramaut
- Khubayb Al Reem
- List of beaches in Qatar
- List of current monarchs of the Arabian Peninsula
- List of royal families on the Arabian Peninsula in the 20th century
- Mabkhara
- Nafud desert
- Odeh Spring
- Oman
- Peninsular Arabic
- Pharaonic Tayma inscription
- Qatar
- Qumayrah Valley
- Rub' al Khali
- Rub' al Khali Basin
- Rugby union in the Arabian Peninsula
- Saudi Arabia
- Sheba
- South Arabia
- Tayma
- Thāj
- United Arab Emirates
- Zabur
Countries and territories where Arabic is an official language
- Algeria
- Bahrain
- Chad
- Comoros
- Djibouti
- Egypt
- Iraq
- Israel
- Jordan
- Kuwait
- Lebanon
- Libya
- List of countries and territories where Arabic is an official language
- Mali
- Mauritania
- Morocco
- Oman
- Qatar
- Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
- Saudi Arabia
- Somalia
- Somaliland
- State of Palestine
- Sudan
- Syria
- Tunisia
- United Arab Emirates
- Western Sahara
- Yemen
- Zanzibar
G20 members
- African Union
- Argentina
- Australia
- Brazil
- Canada
- China
- European Union
- France
- Germany
- India
- Indonesia
- Italy
- Japan
- Mexico
- Russia
- Saudi Arabia
- South Africa
- South Korea
- Turkey
- United Kingdom
- United States
Islamic monarchies
- Bahrain
- Caliphate
- Emirate of Abu Dhabi
- Emirate of Ajman
- Emirate of Dubai
- Emirate of Fujairah
- Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah
- Emirate of Sharjah
- Emirate of Umm Al Quwain
- Islamic monarchy
- Khanate
- Muslim dynasties
- Qatar
- Saudi Arabia
- Sheikhdom
- Sultanates
- United Arab Emirates
Kingdoms
- Alo (Wallis and Futuna)
- Bahrain
- Belgium
- Bhutan
- Cambodia
- Canada
- Commonwealth realms
- Danish Realm
- Eswatini
- Guinala
- Jordan
- Kingdom of Sweden
- Kingdom of the Netherlands
- Lesotho
- Monarchy of Antigua and Barbuda
- Monarchy of Belize
- Monarchy of Grenada
- Monarchy of Jamaica
- Monarchy of Papua New Guinea
- Monarchy of Saint Kitts and Nevis
- Monarchy of Saint Lucia
- Monarchy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- Monarchy of Solomon Islands
- Monarchy of Thailand
- Monarchy of Tuvalu
- Monarchy of the Bahamas
- Monarchy of the United Kingdom
- Morocco
- Norway
- Saudi Arabia
- Sigave
- Spain
- Thailand
- Tonga
- United Kingdom
- Uvea (Wallis and Futuna)
Member states of OPEC
- Algeria
- Angola
- Equatorial Guinea
- Gabon
- Iran
- Iraq
- Kuwait
- Libya
- Nigeria
- Republic of the Congo
- Saudi Arabia
- United Arab Emirates
- Venezuela
Member states of the Arab League
- Algeria
- Bahrain
- Comoros
- Djibouti
- Egypt
- Iraq
- Jordan
- Kuwait
- Lebanon
- Libya
- Mauritania
- Member states of the Arab League
- Morocco
- Oman
- Qatar
- Saudi Arabia
- Somalia
- Sudan
- Syria
- Syrian opposition
- Tunisia
- United Arab Emirates
- Yemen
Member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council
- Bahrain
- Kuwait
- Oman
- Qatar
- Saudi Arabia
- United Arab Emirates
Middle Eastern countries
- Bahrain
- Cyprus
- Egypt
- Iran
- Iraq
- Israel
- Jordan
- Kuwait
- Lebanon
- Northern Cyprus
- Oman
- Qatar
- Saudi Arabia
- State of Palestine
- Syria
- Turkey
- United Arab Emirates
- Yemen
States and territories established in 1932
- Amur Oblast
- Catalonia
- Central District, Dnipro
- Chernihiv Oblast
- Distrito Nacional
- Fridtjof Nansen Land
- Granados Municipality, Sonora
- Hejiang Province
- Iraq
- Kamchatka Oblast
- Karaidelsky District
- Karakalpak Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
- Kharkiv Oblast
- Kingdom of Iraq
- Kyiv Oblast
- Manchukuo
- Odesa Oblast
- San Cristóbal Province
- Saudi Arabia
- Severo-Yeniseysky District
- Socialist Republic of Chile
- Thailand
- Udmurt Autonomous Oblast
- Vinnytsia Oblast
- Xing'an Province
West Asian countries
- Abkhazia
- Armenia
- Azerbaijan
- Bahrain
- Cyprus
- Egypt
- Georgia (country)
- Iran
- Iraq
- Israel
- Jordan
- Kuwait
- Lebanon
- Middle Eastern countries
- Northern Cyprus
- Oman
- Qatar
- Saudi Arabia
- South Ossetia
- State of Palestine
- Syria
- Turkey
- United Arab Emirates
- Yemen
References
Also known as Al-Arabiyah as Sa'udiyah, Arabia of the Sauds, Arabie Saoudite, Biodiversity of Saudi Arabia, Child abuse in Saudi Arabia, Etymology of Saudi Arabia, ISO 3166-1:SA, K.S.A., KSA, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Kingdom of Saudi-Arabia, Languages of Saudi Arabia, Name of Saudi Arabia, S. Arabia, Saoudi Arabia, Saudi Arab, Saudi Arabaia, Saudi Arabian Kingdom, Saudi Kingdom, Saudi map, Saudi-Arabia, Saudia Arabia, Saudiarabia, Saudiya, Sauri Arabia, Social problems in Saudi Arabia, The Arabia of the Sauds, The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, السعودية, المملكة العربية السعودية.
, Apartheid, Apostasy, Apostasy in Islam by country, Aqaba, Arab League, Arab News, Arab Revolt, Arab Spring, Arab world, Arabah, Arab–Israeli conflict, Arabesque, Arabia Petraea, Arabian Desert, Arabian horse, Arabian leopard, Arabian Peninsula, Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert, Arabian Plate, Arabian wolf, Arabic, Arabic coffee, Arabic name, Arabs, Ardah, Armed Forces of Saudi Arabia, Asharq Al-Awsat, Asia, Asiatic cheetah, Asiatic lion, Asir Mountains, Associated Press, At-Turaif District, Atheism, Atoll, Bab-el-Mandeb, Baboon, Baghdad, Bahrain, Bahrani Arabic, Bandar bin Sultan Al Saud, Bangladeshis in Saudi Arabia, Bani Khalid (tribe), Bashar al-Assad, Basic Law of Saudi Arabia, Battle of Riyadh, Battle of Sabilla, BBC News, Bengali language, Bir Hima Rock Petroglyphs and Inscriptions, Bisht (clothing), Black Stone, Blood money in Islam, Blue Hole (Red Sea), BMI Research, Bonn International Centre for Conflict Studies, Bronze Age, Buddhism in Saudi Arabia, Bulbul, Cairo, Caliphate, Camel racing, Canaan Dog, Canada–Saudi Arabia relations, Cannes Film Festival, Cape hare, Capital punishment, Cato Institute, Censorship in Saudi Arabia, Central Asia, Central Conference of American Rabbis, Central Intelligence Agency, Chant of the Saudi Nation, Charter of the United Nations, China, China–Saudi Arabia relations, Christian community of Najran, Christianity in Saudi Arabia, Clothing laws by country, Columbia University Press, Committee for the Promotion of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice (Saudi Arabia), Common Era, Companions of the Prophet, Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia, Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, Corruption Perceptions Index, Council of Ministers of Saudi Arabia, Country of Particular Concern, COVID-19, COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia, Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia, Dahab, Dammam No. 7, Date palm, De Gruyter, Decapitation, Defense News, Democracy in the Middle East and North Africa, Demographics of Saudi Arabia, Deregulation, Desalination, Desert climate, Destruction of early Islamic heritage sites in Saudi Arabia, Dilmun, Diriyah, Discrimination, Divorce in Islam, Domestic violence in Saudi Arabia, Donald Trump, Dosariyah, Dromedary, Dubai, E-commerce, Early Muslim conquests, Eastern Arabia, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia, Economist Intelligence Unit, Economy of Saudi Arabia, Economy of the Middle East, Ecosystem, Educational technology in Saudi Arabia, Edward Elgar Publishing, Egypt, Egyptian Arabic, Emir, Emirate of Diriyah, Emirate of Jabal Shammar, Emirate of Nejd, Emirate of Nejd and Hasa, Emirate of Riyadh, Endemism, Energy superpower, Enjoining good and forbidding wrong, Envision Energy, Eurofighter Typhoon, Fahd of Saudi Arabia, Faifi language, Faisal al-Duwaish, Faisal bin Musaid Al Saud, Faisal of Saudi Arabia, Falafel, Falconry, Farasan Islands, Fatima, Fatimid Caliphate, Filipinos in Saudi Arabia, Fiqh, Fixed exchange rate system, Football in Saudi Arabia, Foreign Agricultural Service, Foreign workers in Saudi Arabia, Freedom House, Freedom in the World, Freedom of religion, Fringing reef, G20, General Directorate of Border Guard, Geography of Saudi Arabia, Ghazi Abdul Rahman Al Gosaibi, Global Innovation Index, God in Islam, Grand Mosque seizure, Gulf Arabic, Gulf Cooperation Council, Gulf of Aqaba, Gulf War, Hadith, Hajj, Halal, Hanbali school, Health care in Saudi Arabia, Hegra (Mada'in Salih), Hejaz, Hejazi Arabic, Hezbollah, Higher education in Saudi Arabia, Hijab, Hijackers in the September 11 attacks, Hijri year, Hillary Clinton, Hilton Hotels & Resorts, Hinduism in Saudi Arabia, History of coffee, History of Saudi Arabia, History of slavery in the Muslim world, History of the Arabs, History of the Jews in Saudi Arabia, Holiest sites in Islam, Homosexuality, Horn of Africa, Horse racing, House of Saud, HuffPost, Human Development Index, Human Rights Watch, Hussein bin Ali, King of Hejaz, Iberian Peninsula, Ibn Saud, Ikhwan, Illegal immigration to Saudi Arabia, Improved sanitation, Index of Saudi Arabia–related articles, Indonesians in Saudi Arabia, International Futures, International Institute for Strategic Studies, International Monetary Fund, Investopedia, Ipsos, Iran, Iran–Iraq War, Iranian Revolution, Iraq, Iraq War, Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, Irreligion in Saudi Arabia, Islam, Islam in China, Islam in Saudi Arabia, Islamic calligraphy, Islamic dietary laws, Islamic geometric patterns, Islamic religious police, Islamic revival, Islamic state, Islamic State, Islamic terrorism, Islamic University of Madinah, Isma'ilism, Israel, Israeli Declaration of Independence, Istanbul, Jabal Ferwa ('Asir), Jabal Soudah, Jabrids, Jalajil, James Woolsey, Jarwanid dynasty, Jeddah, Jerboa, Jihadism, Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation, Jordan, Jorge Solari, Justice Against Sponsors of Terrorism Act, Kabsa, Kafala system, Kebab, Keffiyeh, Khadija bint Khuwaylid, Khalid of Saudi Arabia, King Abdulaziz University, King Abdullah Economic City, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, King of Saudi Arabia, King Saud University, Kingdom of Hejaz, Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy), Kuwait, La Fayette-class frigate, Lashkar-e-Taiba, Legal system of Saudi Arabia, LGBT rights in Saudi Arabia, Lihyan, List of Asian countries by area, List of cities and towns in Saudi Arabia, List of countries and dependencies by area, List of countries by GDP (nominal), List of countries by GDP (PPP), List of countries by natural gas proven reserves, List of countries by oil exports, List of countries by oil production, List of countries by proven oil reserves, List of deep water fish of the Red Sea, List of fishes in the Red Sea, List of governorates of Saudi Arabia, List of islands of Saudi Arabia, List of mountains in Saudi Arabia, List of Muslim states and dynasties, List of newspapers in Saudi Arabia, List of Saudi Arabian writers, List of schools in Saudi Arabia, List of sharks in the Red Sea, List of sovereign states by immigrant and emigrant population, List of technical colleges in Saudi Arabia, List of terrorist incidents in Saudi Arabia, List of universities and colleges in Saudi Arabia, List of wadis of Saudi Arabia, Los Angeles Times, Loudspeakers in mosques, Lower Paleolithic, M1 Abrams, Ma'an, Mahd adh Dhahab, Majlis, Major League Soccer, Malayalam, Mandi (food), Mangrove, Mansour al-Nogaidan, Maritime boundary, Maritime Silk Road, Markaz (administrative division), Masmak Fort, Matthew Simmons, MBC Group, Mecca, Medina, Mehri language, Mehri people, Metro (British newspaper), Mezmar, Middle East, Middle East Eye, Middle East Media Research Institute, Middle East Monitor, Middle power, Midian, Migrant domestic workers, Ministry of Defense (Saudi Arabia), Ministry of Finance (Saudi Arabia), Ministry of Health (Saudi Arabia), Ministry of Interior (Saudi Arabia), Ministry of Investment (Saudi Arabia), Ministry of Media (Saudi Arabia), Ministry of National Guard, Ministry of Tourism (Saudi Arabia), Minor (law), Mintaqah, Modern Standard Arabic, Mohammed Al-Jadaan, Mohammed bin Salman, Mongoose, Monsoon, Moral authority, Morning Consult, Muhafazah, Muhammad, Muhammad Ali of Egypt, Muhammad bin Saud Al Muqrin, Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, Muhammad in Islam, Muslim World League, Nabataeans, Nafud desert, Najd, Najdi Arabic, Najran, Nasseef House, National Basketball Association, Nature (journal), NBC News, Neolithic, Newsweek, Nisba (onomastics), Non-Resident Indians in Saudi Arabia, North Africa, North Levantine Arabic, Nouri al-Maliki, Nuclear fuel, Nuclear power in Saudi Arabia, Nuclear program of Saudi Arabia, Numbers 31, Occupation of Ma'an, Oil embargo, Oldowan, Oman, Oman Daily Observer, OPEC, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, Ormus, Oryx, Osama bin Laden, Ottoman Empire, Ottoman–Portuguese conflicts (1538–1560), Outline of Saudi Arabia, Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction, Pakistanis in Saudi Arabia, Paleolithic, Palestine (region), Palestinians, Passport Island, Patrick Cockburn, Pay television, Peak oil, Pelagic zone, Permanent residency, Persian Gulf, Petroleum, Planned economy, Porites, Pre-Islamic Arabia, Premium Residency, Presidency of State Security, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia, Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University, Privatization, Proclamation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Prophet, Public Investment Fund, Punjabi language, Qarmatians, Qatar, Qatif, Qisas, QS World University Rankings, Quaternary, Quran, Rajaa al-Sanea, Raqqa, Rashidi dynasty, Rashidun Caliphate, Rebab, Red Sea, Red Sea Nubo–Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert, Region, Regional power, Regionalism (politics), Reporters Without Borders, Reuters, Rijal Almaa, Riyadh, Riyadh Al Khabra, Rock Art in the Ha'il Region, Rohingya language, Roman Empire, Romanization, Rotana Media Group, Royal Saudi Air Defense Forces, Royal Saudi Air Force, Royal Saudi Navy, Royal Saudi Strategic Missile Force, Rub' al Khali, Saddam Hussein, Salafi jihadism, Salafi movement, Salah, Salman of Saudi Arabia, Salman the Persian, Samar Badawi, Sanaa, Sand cat, Sandgrouse, Sarawat Mountains, Saud bin Muhammad Al Muqrin, Saud of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia at the FIFA World Cup, Saudi Arabia men's national basketball team, Saudi Arabia national football team, Saudi Arabia women's national basketball team, Saudi Arabia women's national football team, Saudi Arabia–United States relations, Saudi Arabian Army, Saudi Arabian cuisine, Saudi Arabian Football Federation, Saudi Arabian National Guard, Saudi Aramco, Saudi Broadcasting Authority, Saudi Emergency Force, Saudi National Day, Saudi riyal, Saudi Royal Guard Regiment, Saudi Sign Language, Saudi Vision 2030, Saudi Women's Premier League, Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war, Saudi–Yemen barrier, Saudis, Saudization, Schengen Area, Seljuk Empire, September 11 attacks, Sex segregation, Sexism, Shahada, Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, Sharia, Sharif of Mecca, Shawarma, Shia Islam, Shia Islam in Saudi Arabia, Shirk (Islam), Slavery, Slavery in Saudi Arabia, Smoking in Saudi Arabia, South Arabia, South Asia, Southwestern Arabian foothills savanna, Southwestern Arabian montane woodlands, Sportswashing, State religion, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, Stoning, Striped hyena, Sudairi Seven, Sufism, Sulaymani, Sultanate of Nejd, Sunnah, Sunni Islam, Suzerainty, Syrian Desert, Syrians in Saudi Arabia, Taboon bread, Tabuk Province, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia, Tagalog language, Taliban, Tarout Island, Tawfig Al-Rabiah, Taylor & Francis, Tayma, Telephone numbers in Saudi Arabia, Thawb, The Daily Beast, The Diplomat, The Economist, The Economist Democracy Index, The Gazette (Montreal), The Great War for Civilisation, The Guardian, The Hindu, The Independent, The National (Abu Dhabi), The New Arab, The Peninsula (newspaper), The Red Sea Project, The Sunday Telegraph, The Times, The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, The Washington Post, The World Factbook, Thee Ain, Thomson Reuters, Tihamah, Totalitarianism, Transparency International, Travel visa, Tribes of Arabia, Tribute, Turaif, Turki al-Hamad, Turks in Saudi Arabia, Twelver Shi'ism, U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Ranking, Ubaid period, Ulama, Umar, Umayyad Caliphate, Unaizah, UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists, UNICEF, Unification of Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Nations, United Nations Conference on International Organization, United Nations Development Programme, United Nations Statistics Division, United States Department of State, United States dollar, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Urdu, Uruk, Usfurids, USS Cole bombing, Uyghurs, Uyunid dynasty, Uyunid Emirate, V-Dem Democracy Indices, Variety (magazine), Venice Biennale, Vice (magazine), Vice News, Wadi, Wahhabi sack of Karbala, Wahhabism, Wajeha al-Huwaider, Wali (Islamic legal guardian), Wastewater treatment, Water scarcity, West Asia, WikiLeaks, William Patey, Wipf and Stock, Women's sport in Saudi Arabia, World Bank, World Bank high-income economy, World Health Assembly, World Health Organization, World Heritage Site, World Trade Organization, World War I, WWE in Saudi Arabia, Xenophobia, Xinjiang internment camps, Yale University Press, Yemen, Yemenite Jews, Yom Kippur War, YouGov, Youth in Saudi Arabia, .sa, 16th parallel north, 1948 Arab–Israeli War, 1973 oil crisis, 1979 Qatif Uprising, 1984 AFC Asian Cup final, 1988 AFC Asian Cup final, 1992 King Fahd Cup, 1992 King Fahd Cup final, 1994 FIFA World Cup, 1996 AFC Asian Cup final, 1998 United States embassy bombings, 1999 ABC Championship, 2005 Saudi Arabian municipal elections, 2011 Saudi Arabian municipal elections, 2011–2012 Saudi Arabian protests, 2015 Saudi Arabian municipal elections, 2016 Saudi Arabia mass execution, 2017 United States–Saudi Arabia arms deal, 2017–2019 Saudi Arabian purge, 2019 Saudi Arabia mass execution, 2022 Saudi Arabia mass execution, 33rd parallel north, 34th meridian east, 56th meridian east, 5G.