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Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Index Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha), or Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, was an Ernestine duchy ruled by a branch of the House of Wettin, consisting of territories in the present-day states of Bavaria and Thuringia in Germany. [1]

123 relations: Albert, Prince Consort, Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, American Civil War, Andreas, Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Angria, Austria-Hungary, Bad Rodach, Bavaria, Belgium, Berlin, Bloomington, Indiana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Bundesrat of Germany, Callenberg Castle, Cambridge, Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Charlottenburg, Chile, Coburg, Commonwealth realm, Confederate States of America, Congress of Vienna, Constitutional monarchy, County of Mark, County of Ravensberg, Crown prince, Cuba, Ecuador, Edward VII, Ehrenburg Palace, Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Ernestine duchies, Ernst II, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, Ernst Raven, Exequatur, Föritz, Frankfurt Constitution, Frankfurt Parliament, Frederick Augustus I of Saxony, Frederick Martin (editor), Free State of Coburg, Freiherr, Friedenstein Palace, Friedrich Josias, Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Georg Jellinek, German Army (German Empire), German Empire, ..., German Revolution of 1918–19, Gotha, Graf, Grein, Austria, Hambach Festival, Heir apparent, Hildburghausen, House law, House of Henneberg, House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, House of Wettin, Hubertus, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Johann Homann, Johann Leopold, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Kassel, Königsberg, Bavaria, Landestheater Coburg, Landgrave, Landtag, Macmillan Publishers, Margrave, Meiningen, Meissen, Mexico, Nahe (river), North German Confederation, Palais Coburg, Personal union, Peru, Portugal, Prince Arthur of Connaught, Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, Prince Hubertus of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1909–1943), Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany, Principality of Lichtenberg, Prussia, Queen Victoria, Ravenstein, Netherlands, Real union, Reichstag (German Empire), Reinhardsbrunn, Residenz, Saxe-Altenburg, Saxe-Coburg, Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg, Saxe-Hildburghausen, Saxe-Meiningen, Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Schloss Rosenau, Coburg, Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Sonnefeld, Switzerland, The London Gazette, The Statesman's Yearbook, Themar, Thuringia, Thuringian states, Tonna, Germany, Tsar, Turkey, United Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, United Kingdom, University of Jena, University of Würzburg, Veste Coburg, Westphalia, World War I, XI Corps (German Empire), Zollverein, 1918 in Germany, 22nd Division (German Empire). Expand index (73 more) »

Albert, Prince Consort

Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Francis Albert Augustus Charles Emmanuel; 26 August 1819 – 14 December 1861) was the husband and consort of Queen Victoria.

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Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Alfred (Alfred Ernest Albert; 6 August 184430 July 1900) reigned as Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from 1893 to 1900.

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Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Alfred, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Alfred Alexander William Ernest Albert; 15 October 1874 – 6 February 1899), was the only son and heir apparent of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

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American Civil War

The American Civil War (also known by other names) was a war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865.

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Andreas, Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Andreas, Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Saxony (given names: Andreas Michael Friedrich Hans Armin Siegfried Hubertus; born 21 March 1943) has been the head of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha since 1998.

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Angria

Angria or Angaria (Engern) is a historical region in the present-day German states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia.

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Austria-Hungary

Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy in English-language sources, was a constitutional union of the Austrian Empire (the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council, or Cisleithania) and the Kingdom of Hungary (Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen or Transleithania) that existed from 1867 to 1918, when it collapsed as a result of defeat in World War I. The union was a result of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and came into existence on 30 March 1867.

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Bad Rodach

Bad Rodach is a town in the district of Coburg, in Upper Franconia, a north Bavarian Regierungsbezirk, Germany.

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Bavaria

Bavaria (Bavarian and Bayern), officially the Free State of Bavaria (Freistaat Bayern), is a landlocked federal state of Germany, occupying its southeastern corner.

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Belgium

Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Western Europe bordered by France, the Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg.

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Berlin

Berlin is the capital and the largest city of Germany, as well as one of its 16 constituent states.

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Bloomington, Indiana

Bloomington is a city in and the county seat of Monroe County in the southern region of the U.S. state of Indiana.

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Brazil

Brazil (Brasil), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (República Federativa do Brasil), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America.

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Bulgaria

Bulgaria (България, tr.), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Република България, tr.), is a country in southeastern Europe.

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Bundesrat of Germany

The German Bundesrat (literally "Federal Council") is a legislative body that represents the sixteen Länder (federated states) of Germany at the national level.

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Callenberg Castle

Callenberg Castle (Schloss Callenberg) is a castle on a wooded hill in Beiersdorf, an Ortsteil of Coburg, six kilometres from the town centre.

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Cambridge

Cambridge is a university city and the county town of Cambridgeshire, England, on the River Cam approximately north of London.

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Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Charles Edward (baptised Leopold Charles Edward George Albert, Leopold Carl Eduard Georg Albert; 19 July 1884 – 6 March 1954) was the last reigning duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from 30 July 1900 until 1918.

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Charlottenburg

Charlottenburg is an affluent locality of Berlin within the borough of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf.

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Chile

Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a South American country occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west.

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Coburg

Coburg is a town located on the Itz river in the Upper Franconia region of Bavaria, Germany.

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Commonwealth realm

A Commonwealth realm is a sovereign state that is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations and shares the same person, currently Queen Elizabeth II, as its head of state and reigning constitutional monarch, but retains a Crown legally distinct from the other realms.

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Confederate States of America

The Confederate States of America (CSA or C.S.), commonly referred to as the Confederacy, was an unrecognized country in North America that existed from 1861 to 1865.

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Congress of Vienna

The Congress of Vienna (Wiener Kongress) also called Vienna Congress, was a meeting of ambassadors of European states chaired by Austrian statesman Klemens von Metternich, and held in Vienna from November 1814 to June 1815, though the delegates had arrived and were already negotiating by late September 1814.

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Constitutional monarchy

A constitutional monarchy is a form of monarchy in which the sovereign exercises authority in accordance with a written or unwritten constitution.

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County of Mark

The County of Mark (Grafschaft Mark, Comté de La Marck colloquially known as Die Mark) was a county and state of the Holy Roman Empire in the Lower Rhenish–Westphalian Circle.

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County of Ravensberg

The County of Ravensberg (Grafschaft Ravensberg) was a historical county of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Crown prince

A crown prince is the male heir apparent to the throne in a royal or imperial monarchy.

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Cuba

Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, is a country comprising the island of Cuba as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos.

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Ecuador

Ecuador (Ikwadur), officially the Republic of Ecuador (República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Ikwadur Ripuwlika), is a representative democratic republic in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west.

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Edward VII

Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910.

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Ehrenburg Palace

Ehrenburg Palace (German: Schloss Ehrenburg) is a palace in Coburg, Franconia, Germany.

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Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Ernest I (Ernst Anton Karl Ludwig Herzog; 2 January 1784 – 29 January 1844) was the last sovereign duke of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld (as Ernest III) and, from 1826, the first sovereign duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (as Ernest I).

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Ernest II, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Ernest II (German: Ernst August Karl Johann Leopold Alexander Eduard; 21 June 1818 – 22 August 1893) was the sovereign duke of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, reigning from 1844 to his death.

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Ernestine duchies

The Ernestine duchies, also known as the Saxon duchies (although the Albertine appanage duchies of Weissenfels, Merseburg and Zeitz were also "Saxon duchies" and adjacent to several Ernestine ones), were a changing number of small states that were largely located in the present-day German state of Thuringia and governed by dukes of the Ernestine line of the House of Wettin.

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Ernst II, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg

Ernst Wilhelm Friedrich Carl Maximilian, 7th Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (13 September 1863 – 11 December 1950), was a German aristocrat and Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg.

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Ernst Raven

Ernst or Ernest Raven (1804–1881) was an immigrant from Germany who became a prominent resident of Texas; he served as consul for the German Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha in the Republic of Texas and the state for many years.

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Exequatur

An exequatur is a legal document issued by a sovereign authority that permits the exercise or enforcement of a right within the jurisdiction of the authority.

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Föritz

Föritz is a municipality in the Sonneberg district of Thuringia, Germany.

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Frankfurt Constitution

The Frankfurt Constitution (Frankfurter Reichsverfassung, FRV) or Constitution of St.

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Frankfurt Parliament

The Frankfurt Parliament (Frankfurter Nationalversammlung, literally Frankfurt National Assembly) was the first freely elected parliament for all of Germany, elected on 1 May 1848 (see German federal election, 1848).

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Frederick Augustus I of Saxony

Frederick Augustus I (full name: Frederick Augustus Joseph Maria Anthony John Nepomuk Aloysius Xavier; Friedrich August Josef Maria Anton Johann Nepomuk Alois Xavier; Fryderyk August Józef Maria Antoni Jan Nepomucen Alojzy Ksawery Wettyn; 23 December 1750 – 5 May 1827) was a member of the House of Wettin who reigned as Elector of Saxony from 1763 to 1806 (as Frederick Augustus III) and as King of Saxony from 1806 to 1827.

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Frederick Martin (editor)

Frederick Martin (1830–1883) was a British writer of Swiss-German background, known as the editor of The Statesman's Year Book.

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Free State of Coburg

The Free State of Coburg (German: Freistaat Coburg) emerged from the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha at the end of the First World War.

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Freiherr

Freiherr (male, abbreviated as Frhr.), Freifrau (his wife, abbreviated as Frfr., literally "free lord" or "free lady") and Freiin (his unmarried daughters and maiden aunts) are designations used as titles of nobility in the German-speaking areas of the Holy Roman Empire, and in its various successor states, including Austria, Prussia, Bavaria, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, etc.

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Friedenstein Palace

Friedenstein Palace (Schloss Friedenstein) is an early Baroque palace built in the mid-17th century by Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha at Gotha, Thuringia, Germany.

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Friedrich Josias, Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Friedrich Josias, Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Friedrich Josias Carl Eduard Ernst Kyrill Harald; 29 November 1918 – 23 January 1998) was the head of the Ducal Family of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and titular Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from 1954 until his death.

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Georg Jellinek

Georg Jellinek (16 June 1851 – 12 January 1911) was a German public lawyer, considered of Austrian origin.

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German Army (German Empire)

The Imperial German Army (Deutsches Heer) was the name given to the combined land and air forces of the German Empire (excluding the Marine-Fliegerabteilung maritime aviation formations of the Imperial German Navy).

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German Empire

The German Empire (Deutsches Kaiserreich, officially Deutsches Reich),Herbert Tuttle wrote in September 1881 that the term "Reich" does not literally connote an empire as has been commonly assumed by English-speaking people.

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German Revolution of 1918–19

The German Revolution or November Revolution (Novemberrevolution) was a civil conflict in the German Empire at the end of the First World War that resulted in the replacement of the German federal constitutional monarchy with a democratic parliamentary republic that later became known as the Weimar Republic.

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Gotha

Gotha is the fifth-largest city in Thuringia, Germany, located west of Erfurt and east of Eisenach with a population of 44,000.

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Graf

Graf (male) or Gräfin (female) is a historical title of the German nobility, usually translated as "count".

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Grein, Austria

Grein is a municipality in the district Perg in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.

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Hambach Festival

The Hambacher Festival was a German national democratic festival celebrated from 27 May to 30 May 1832 at Hambach Castle near Neustadt an der Haardt in present-day Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Heir apparent

An heir apparent is a person who is first in a line of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting by the birth of another person.

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Hildburghausen

Hildburghausen is a town in Thuringia in central Germany, capital of the district Hildburghausen.

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House law

House law or House laws (Hausgesetze) are rules that govern a royal family or dynasty in matters of eligibility for succession to a throne, membership in a dynasty, exercise of a regency, or entitlement to dynastic rank, titles and styles.

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House of Henneberg

Henneberg was a medieval German comital family (Grafen) which from the 11th century onwards held large territories in the Duchy of Franconia.

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House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

The House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (German: Haus Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha) is a German dynasty that ruled the duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, which was one of the Ernestine duchies.

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House of Wettin

The House of Wettin is a dynasty of German counts, dukes, prince-electors and kings that once ruled territories in the present-day German states of Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia.

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Hubertus, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Hubertus Michael, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Saxony (born 16 September 1975) is the heir-apparent of the head of the family which ruled the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha until 1918.

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Johann Homann

Johann Baptist Homann (20 March 1664 – 1 July 1724) was a German geographer and cartographer, who also made maps of the Americas.

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Johann Leopold, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Johann Leopold, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Johann Leopold William Albert Ferdinand Victor; 2 August 1906 – 4 May 1972) was the eldest son of Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, and Princess Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg.

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Kassel

Kassel (spelled Cassel until 1928) is a city located at the Fulda River in northern Hesse, Germany.

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Königsberg, Bavaria

Königsberg in Bayern is a town in the Haßberge district, in Lower Franconia, Bavaria, Germany.

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Landestheater Coburg

Landestheater Coburg (Coburg State Theatre) is a medium-sized three-division (opera / operetta, drama, ballet) theatre in Coburg, Bavaria, Germany.

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Landgrave

Landgrave (landgraaf, Landgraf; lantgreve, landgrave; comes magnus, comes patriae, comes provinciae, comes terrae, comes principalis, lantgravius) was a noble title used in the Holy Roman Empire, and later on in its former territories.

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Landtag

A Landtag (State Diet) is a representative assembly (parliament) in German-speaking countries with legislative authority and competence over a federated state (Land).

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Macmillan Publishers

Macmillan Publishers Ltd (occasionally known as the Macmillan Group) is an international publishing company owned by Holtzbrinck Publishing Group.

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Margrave

Margrave was originally the medieval title for the military commander assigned to maintain the defense of one of the border provinces of the Holy Roman Empire or of a kingdom.

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Meiningen

Meiningen is a town in the southern part of the state of Thuringia, Germany.

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Meissen

Meissen (in German orthography: Meißen) is a town of approximately 30,000 about northwest of Dresden on both banks of the Elbe river in the Free State of Saxony, in eastern Germany.

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Mexico

Mexico (México; Mēxihco), officially called the United Mexican States (Estados Unidos Mexicanos) is a federal republic in the southern portion of North America.

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Nahe (river)

The Nahe is a river in Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland, Germany, a left tributary to the Rhine.

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North German Confederation

The North German Confederation (Norddeutscher Bund) was the German federal state which existed from July 1867 to December 1870.

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Palais Coburg

Palais Coburg, also known as Palais Saxe-Coburg, is a palace in Vienna, Austria.

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Personal union

A personal union is the combination of two or more states that have the same monarch while their boundaries, laws, and interests remain distinct.

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Peru

Peru (Perú; Piruw Republika; Piruw Suyu), officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America.

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Portugal

Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa),In recognized minority languages of Portugal: Portugal is the oldest state in the Iberian Peninsula and one of the oldest in Europe, its territory having been continuously settled, invaded and fought over since prehistoric times.

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Prince Arthur of Connaught

Prince Arthur of Connaught (Arthur Frederick Patrick Albert; 13 January 1883 – 12 September 1938) was a British military officer and a grandson of Queen Victoria.

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Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn

Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, (Arthur William Patrick Albert; 1 May 185016 January 1942) was a member of the British Royal Family who served as the Governor General of Canada, the tenth since Canadian Confederation.

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Prince Hubertus of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1909–1943)

Prince Hubertus of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (24 August 1909 – 26 November 1943) was a member of the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, the second eldest son of Charles Edward, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and his wife, Princess Victoria Adelaide of Schleswig-Holstein.

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Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany

Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany, (Leopold George Duncan Albert; 7 April 185328 March 1884) was the eighth child and youngest son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.

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Principality of Lichtenberg

The Principality of Lichtenberg (Fürstentum Lichtenberg) on the Nahe River was an exclave of the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld from 1816 to 1826 and the Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha from 1826 to 1834, when it was sold to the Kingdom of Prussia.

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Prussia

Prussia (Preußen) was a historically prominent German state that originated in 1525 with a duchy centred on the region of Prussia.

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Queen Victoria

Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death.

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Ravenstein, Netherlands

Ravenstein (population: 8,466) is a city and a former municipality in the south of the Netherlands, in the province of North Brabant.

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Real union

Real union is a union of two or more states, which share some state institutions as in contrast to personal unions; however they are not as unified as states in a political union.

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Reichstag (German Empire)

The Reichstag (Diet of the Realm or Imperial Diet) was the Parliament of Germany from 1871 to 1918.

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Reinhardsbrunn

Reinhardsbrunn in Friedrichroda near Gotha, in the German state of Thuringia, is the site of a formerly prominent Bendictine abbey, the house monastery of the Ludovingian Landgraves of Thuringia abbey extant between 1085 and 1525.

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Residenz

Residenz is a formal but otherwise obsolete German word for "place of living".

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Saxe-Altenburg

Saxe-Altenburg (Sachsen-Altenburg) was one of the Saxon duchies held by the Ernestine branch of the House of Wettin in present-day Thuringia.

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Saxe-Coburg

Saxe-Coburg (Sachsen-Coburg) was a duchy held by the Ernestine branch of the Wettin dynasty in today's Bavaria, Germany.

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Saxe-Coburg and Gotha

Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha), or Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, was an Ernestine duchy ruled by a branch of the House of Wettin, consisting of territories in the present-day states of Bavaria and Thuringia in Germany.

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Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld

Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld was one of the Saxon Duchies held by the Ernestine line of the Wettin Dynasty.

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Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg

Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg was a duchy ruled by the Ernestine branch of the House of Wettin in today's Thuringia, Germany.

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Saxe-Hildburghausen

Saxe-Hildburghausen was an Ernestine duchy in the southern side of the present State of Thuringia in Germany.

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Saxe-Meiningen

Saxe-Meiningen was one of the Saxon duchies held by the Ernestine line of the Wettin dynasty, located in the southwest of the present-day German state of Thuringia.

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Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach

Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach) was created as a duchy in 1809 by the merger of the Ernestine duchies of Saxe-Weimar and Saxe-Eisenach, which had been in personal union since 1741.

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Schloss Rosenau, Coburg

Schloss Rosenau, called in English The Rosenau or Rosenau Palace, is a former castle, converted into a ducal country house, between the towns of Coburg and Rödental, formerly in Saxe-Coburg, now lying in Bavaria, Germany.

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Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha

Simeon II of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Симеон Борисов Сакскобургготски, (transliteration: Simeon Borisov Sakskoburggotski) or Цар Симеон II (Tsar Simeon II); Wettin; Simeone di Sassonia-Coburgo-Gotha; born 16 June 1937) is the last reigning Bulgarian monarch and later served as Prime Minister of Bulgaria from 2001 to 2005.

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Sonnefeld

Sonnefeld is a municipality in the district of Coburg in Bavaria in Germany.

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Switzerland

Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a sovereign state in Europe.

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The London Gazette

The London Gazette is one of the official journals of record of the British government, and the most important among such official journals in the United Kingdom, in which certain statutory notices are required to be published.

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The Statesman's Yearbook

The Statesman's Yearbook is a one-volume reference book providing information on the countries of the world.

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Themar

Themar is a town in the district of Hildburghausen, in Thuringia, Germany.

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Thuringia

The Free State of Thuringia (Freistaat Thüringen) is a federal state in central Germany.

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Thuringian states

The Thuringian states (Thüringische Staaten) refers to the following German federal states within the German Reich.

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Tonna, Germany

Tonna is a municipality in the district of Gotha, in Thuringia, Germany.

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Tsar

Tsar (Old Bulgarian / Old Church Slavonic: ц︢рь or цар, цaрь), also spelled csar, or czar, is a title used to designate East and South Slavic monarchs or supreme rulers of Eastern Europe.

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Turkey

Turkey (Türkiye), officially the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.

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United Duchies of Jülich-Cleves-Berg

Jülich-Cleves-Berg was the name of two former territories across the modern German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the modern Dutch province of Gelderland.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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University of Jena

Friedrich Schiller University Jena (FSU; Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, shortened form Uni Jena) is a public research university located in Jena, Thuringia, Germany.

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University of Würzburg

The Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg (also referred to as the University of Würzburg, in German Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg) is a public research university in Würzburg, Germany.

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Veste Coburg

The Veste Coburg, or Coburg Fortress, is one of Germany's largest castles.

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Westphalia

Westphalia (Westfalen) is a region in northwestern Germany and one of the three historic parts of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

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World War I

World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.

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XI Corps (German Empire)

The XI Army Corps / XI AK (XI.) was a corps level command of the Prussian and German Armies before and during World War I. XI Corps was one of three formed in the aftermath of the Austro-Prussian War (the others being IX Corps and X Corps).

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Zollverein

The Zollverein or German Customs Union was a coalition of German states formed to manage tariffs and economic policies within their territories.

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1918 in Germany

Events in the year 1918 in Germany.

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22nd Division (German Empire)

The 22nd Division (22. Division) was a unit of the Prussian/German Army.

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Redirects here:

Duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duchy of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Dukes of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Dukes of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha, Saxe Coburg Gotha, Saxe Coburg and Gotha, Saxe-Coburg & Gotha, Saxe-Coburg Gotha, Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Saxony-Coburg-Gotha.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saxe-Coburg_and_Gotha

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