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226 relations: Abundance of elements in Earth's crust, Acid, Aglycone, Alexander Graham Bell, Alexander Marcet, Allotropy, Aluminium, Amine, Amino acid, Amorphous solid, Ancient Greek, Anhydrous, Anode, Antioxidant, Arsenic, ASM International (society), Astragalus, Atomic number, Bacteria, Benzeneselenol, Bioaccumulation, Bioavailability, Bismuth, Brass, Brazil nut, Bromide, Cadmium selenide, Carbon, Carbon disulfide, Chemical element, Chloride, Cirrhosis, Cofactor (biochemistry), Compounding, Copper, Copper indium gallium selenide, Copper indium gallium selenide solar cells, Copper oxide, Cyanide, Dalton Transactions, Dandruff, Deiodinase, Diabetes mellitus, Dietary Reference Intake, Diphenyl diselenide, Disulfide, Disulfur dichloride, Double bond rule, Electrolytic cell, Electronics, ..., Electrowinning, Enzyme, Falun Mine, Fireworks, Flat panel detector, Fluorescence, Fluorine, Follicular cell, Food and Drug Administration, Forage, Gastrointestinal tract, Genetic code, Glass, Glucosidases, Glutathione, Glutathione peroxidase, Glycoside, Greek language, Gripsholm Castle, Gypsum, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, HIV/AIDS, Horseradish, Human, Hydrogen peroxide, Hydrogen selenide, Hydrogen sulfide, Immediately dangerous to life or health, Infant formula, Inorganic compound, Iodide, Iodine, Iodothyronine deiodinase, Iodotyrosine deiodinase, Isotope, Isozyme, Jane Gibson, Jöns Jacob Berzelius, Johan Gottlieb Gahn, Jurassic, Kashin–Beck disease, Lead, Lead chamber process, Lead selenide, Light meter, Light-emitting diode, Lithium–sulfur battery, Locoweed, Lung, Magnesium, Mammal, Mercury selenide, Meta-analysis, Methylselenocysteine, Microgram, Micronutrient, Microorganism, Mineral (nutrient), Moiety (chemistry), Monoclinic crystal system, Moon, Myopathy, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, New Zealand, Nickel, Nitric acid, Nonmetal, Nutritional muscular dystrophy, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Oonopsis, Ore, Organic peroxide, Organoselenium chemistry, Organosulfur compounds, Oxidation state, Oxide, Parenteral nutrition, Periodic table, Periodic Videos, Permissible exposure limit, Photoconductivity, Photocopier, Photodetector, Photographic print toning, Photophone, Photovoltaics, Phylogenetics, Pigment, Polo, Polyhedron (journal), Polymer, Polyphenol, Popular Science, Potassium selenate, Pulmonary edema, Quantum dot, Radiation therapy, Randomized controlled trial, Recommended exposure limit, Rectifier, Redox, Refining (metallurgy), Ribonucleotide reductase, Ruminant, Safe Drinking Water Act, Salt (chemistry), Sampling (medicine), SECIS element, Selenate, Selene, Selenic acid, Selenide, Selenite (ion), Selenite (mineral), Selenium dioxide, Selenium disulfide, Selenium hexafluoride, Selenium monochloride, Selenium oxydichloride, Selenium pollution, Selenium rectifier, Selenium tetrachloride, Selenium trioxide, Selenium yeast, Selenium-79, Selenocysteine, Selenol, Selenomethionine, Selenous acid, Selenoxide elimination, Selenoyl fluoride, Semiconductor, Shale, Silicon, Silver selenite, Single-wavelength anomalous dispersion, Sloughing, Sodium carbonate, Sodium selenite, Solar cell, Solvent extraction and electrowinning, Stanleya (plant), Sulfide, Sulfoxide, Sulfur, Sulfur dioxide, Sulfur hexafluoride, Sulfur trioxide, Sulfuric acid, Sulfuryl chloride, Surge protector, Tellurium, Tetrasulfur tetranitride, Thioether, Thiol, Thioredoxin, Thioredoxin reductase, Thyroid hormones, Tocopherol, Trifolium repens, Tuberculosis, Uranium, Vanadium, Varistor, Vertebrate, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Vulcanization, Werner von Siemens, Willoughby Smith, X-ray, X-ray crystallography, Xeroradiography, Xylorhiza, Zinc, Zinc selenide. Expand index (176 more) »
Abundance of elements in Earth's crust
The abundance of elements in Earth's crust is shown in tabulated form with the estimated crustal abundance for each chemical element shown as either percentage or parts per million (ppm) by mass (10,000 ppm.
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Acid
An acid is a molecule or ion capable of donating a hydron (proton or hydrogen ion H+), or, alternatively, capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair (a Lewis acid).
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Aglycone
An aglycone (aglycon or genin) is the compound remaining after the glycosyl group on a glycoside is replaced by a hydrogen atom.
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Alexander Graham Bell
Alexander Graham Bell (March 3, 1847 – August 2, 1922) was a Scottish-born scientist, inventor, engineer, and innovator who is credited with inventing and patenting the first practical telephone.
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Alexander Marcet
Alexander John Gaspard Marcet FRS (1770 – 1822), was a Swiss-born physician.
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Allotropy
Allotropy or allotropism is the property of some chemical elements to exist in two or more different forms, in the same physical state, known as allotropes of these elements.
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Aluminium
Aluminium or aluminum is a chemical element with symbol Al and atomic number 13.
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Amine
In organic chemistry, amines are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.
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Amino acid
Amino acids are organic compounds containing amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid.
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Amorphous solid
In condensed matter physics and materials science, an amorphous (from the Greek a, without, morphé, shape, form) or non-crystalline solid is a solid that lacks the long-range order that is characteristic of a crystal.
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Ancient Greek
The Ancient Greek language includes the forms of Greek used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around the 9th century BC to the 6th century AD.
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Anhydrous
A substance is anhydrous if it contains no water.
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Anode
An anode is an electrode through which the conventional current enters into a polarized electrical device.
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Antioxidant
Antioxidants are molecules that inhibit the oxidation of other molecules.
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Arsenic
Arsenic is a chemical element with symbol As and atomic number 33.
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ASM International (society)
ASM International, formerly known as the American Society for Metals, is a professional organization for materials scientists and engineers.
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Astragalus
Astragalus is a large genus of about 3,000 species of herbs and small shrubs, belonging to the legume family Fabaceae and the subfamily Faboideae.
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Atomic number
The atomic number or proton number (symbol Z) of a chemical element is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom.
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Bacteria
Bacteria (common noun bacteria, singular bacterium) is a type of biological cell.
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Benzeneselenol
Benzeneselenol, also known as selenophenol, is the organoselenium compound with the formula C6H5SeH, often abbreviated PhSeH.
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Bioaccumulation
Bioaccumulation is the accumulation of substances, such as pesticides, or other chemicals in an organism.
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Bioavailability
In pharmacology, bioavailability (BA or F) is a subcategory of absorption and is the fraction of an administered dose of unchanged drug that reaches the systemic circulation, one of the principal pharmacokinetic properties of drugs.
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Bismuth
Bismuth is a chemical element with symbol Bi and atomic number 83.
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Brass
Brass is a metallic alloy that is made of copper and zinc.
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Brazil nut
The Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa) is a South American tree in the family Lecythidaceae, and also the name of the tree's commercially harvested edible seeds.
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Bromide
A bromide is a chemical compound containing a bromide ion or ligand.
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Cadmium selenide
Cadmium selenide is an inorganic compound with the formula CdSe.
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Carbon
Carbon (from carbo "coal") is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6.
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Carbon disulfide
Carbon disulfide is a colorless volatile liquid with the formula CS2.
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Chemical element
A chemical element is a species of atoms having the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei (that is, the same atomic number, or Z).
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Chloride
The chloride ion is the anion (negatively charged ion) Cl−.
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Cirrhosis
Cirrhosis is a condition in which the liver does not function properly due to long-term damage.
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Cofactor (biochemistry)
A cofactor is a non-protein chemical compound or metallic ion that is required for an enzyme's activity.
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Compounding
Pharmaceutical compounding (done in compounding pharmacies) is the creation of a particular pharmaceutical product to fit the unique need of a patient.
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Copper
Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from cuprum) and atomic number 29.
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Copper indium gallium selenide
Copper indium gallium (di)selenide (CIGS) is a I-III-VI2 semiconductor material composed of copper, indium, gallium, and selenium.
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Copper indium gallium selenide solar cells
A copper indium gallium selenide solar cell (or CIGS cell, sometimes CI(G)S or CIS cell) is a thin-film solar cell used to convert sunlight into electric power.
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Copper oxide
Copper oxide is a compound from the two elements copper and oxygen.
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Cyanide
A cyanide is a chemical compound that contains the group C≡N.
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Dalton Transactions
Dalton Transactions is a peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing original (primary) research and review articles on all aspects of the chemistry of inorganic, bioinorganic, and organometallic compounds.
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Dandruff
Dandruff is a skin condition that mainly affects the scalp.
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Deiodinase
Deiodinase (or iodide peroxidase or "Monodeiodinase") is a peroxidase enzyme that is involved in the activation or deactivation of thyroid hormones.
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Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.
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Dietary Reference Intake
The Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) is a system of nutrition recommendations from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the National Academies (United States).
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Diphenyl diselenide
Diphenyl diselenide is the chemical compound with the formula (C6H5)2Se2, abbreviated Ph2Se2 This orange-coloured solid is the oxidized derivative of benzeneselenol.
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Disulfide
In chemistry, a disulfide refers to a functional group with the structure R−S−S−R′.
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Disulfur dichloride
Disulfur dichloride is the chemical compound of sulfur and chlorine with the formula S2Cl2.
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Double bond rule
The double bond rule states that chemical elements with a principal quantum number greater than 2 for their valence electrons (period 3 elements and lower) should not form multiple bonds (e.g. double bonds and triple bonds) with themselves or with other elements.
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Electrolytic cell
An electrolytic cell is an electrochemical cell that drives a non-spontaneous redox reaction through the application of electrical energy.
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Electronics
Electronics is the discipline dealing with the development and application of devices and systems involving the flow of electrons in a vacuum, in gaseous media, and in semiconductors.
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Electrowinning
Electrowinning, also called electroextraction, is the electrodeposition of metals from their ores that have been put in solution via a process commonly referred to as leaching.
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Enzyme
Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts.
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Falun Mine
Falun Mine (Swedish: Falu Gruva) was a mine in Falun, Sweden, that operated for a millennium from the 10th century to 1992.
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Fireworks
Fireworks are a class of low explosive pyrotechnic devices used for aesthetic and entertainment purposes.
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Flat panel detector
Flat panel detectors are a class of solid-state x-ray digital radiography devices similar in principle to the image sensors used in digital photography and video.
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Fluorescence
Fluorescence is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation.
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Fluorine
Fluorine is a chemical element with symbol F and atomic number 9.
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Follicular cell
Follicular cells (also called thyroid epithelial cells or thyrocytes) are cells in the thyroid gland that are responsible for the production and secretion of thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3).
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Food and Drug Administration
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or USFDA) is a federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, one of the United States federal executive departments.
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Forage
Forage is a plant material (mainly plant leaves and stems) eaten by grazing livestock.
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Gastrointestinal tract
The gastrointestinal tract (digestive tract, digestional tract, GI tract, GIT, gut, or alimentary canal) is an organ system within humans and other animals which takes in food, digests it to extract and absorb energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste as feces.
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Genetic code
The genetic code is the set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) into proteins.
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Glass
Glass is a non-crystalline amorphous solid that is often transparent and has widespread practical, technological, and decorative usage in, for example, window panes, tableware, and optoelectronics.
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Glucosidases
Glucosidases are glycoside hydrolase enzymes categorized under the EC number 3.2.1.
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Glutathione
Glutathione (GSH) is an important antioxidant in plants, animals, fungi, and some bacteria and archaea.
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Glutathione peroxidase
Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) is the general name of an enzyme family with peroxidase activity whose main biological role is to protect the organism from oxidative damage.
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Glycoside
In chemistry, a glycoside is a molecule in which a sugar is bound to another functional group via a glycosidic bond.
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Greek language
Greek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, elliniká, "Greek", ελληνική γλώσσα, ellinikí glóssa, "Greek language") is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
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Gripsholm Castle
Gripsholm Castle (Gripsholms slott) is a castle in Mariefred, Södermanland, Sweden.
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Gypsum
Gypsum is a soft sulfate mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate, with the chemical formula CaSO4·2H2O.
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Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Hashimoto's thyroiditis, also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and Hashimoto's disease, is an autoimmune disease in which the thyroid gland is gradually destroyed.
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HIV/AIDS
Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
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Horseradish
Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana, syn. Cochlearia armoracia) is a perennial plant of the family Brassicaceae (which also includes mustard, wasabi, broccoli, and cabbage).
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Human
Humans (taxonomically Homo sapiens) are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina.
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Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound with the formula.
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Hydrogen selenide
Hydrogen selenide is an inorganic compound with the formula H2Se.
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Hydrogen sulfide
Hydrogen sulfide is the chemical compound with the chemical formula H2S.
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Immediately dangerous to life or health
The term immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) is defined by the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) as exposure to airborne contaminants that is "likely to cause death or immediate or delayed permanent adverse health effects or prevent escape from such an environment." Examples include smoke or other poisonous gases at sufficiently high concentrations.
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Infant formula
Infant formula, or baby formula, is a manufactured food designed and marketed for feeding to babies and infants under 12 months of age, usually prepared for bottle-feeding or cup-feeding from powder (mixed with water) or liquid (with or without additional water).
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Inorganic compound
An inorganic compound is typically a chemical compound that lacks C-H bonds, that is, a compound that is not an organic compound, but the distinction is not defined or even of particular interest.
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Iodide
An iodide ion is the ion I−.
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Iodine
Iodine is a chemical element with symbol I and atomic number 53.
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Iodothyronine deiodinase
Iodothyronine deiodinases (and) are a subfamily of deiodinase enzymes important in the activation and deactivation of thyroid hormones.
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Iodotyrosine deiodinase
Iodotyrosine deiodinase, also known as iodotyrosine dehalogenase 1, is a type of deiodinase enzyme that scavenges iodide by removing it from iodinated tyrosine residues in the thyroid gland.
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Isotope
Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number.
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Isozyme
Isozymes (also known as isoenzymes or more generally as multiple forms of enzymes) are enzymes that differ in amino acid sequence but catalyze the same chemical reaction.
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Jane Gibson
Audrey Jane Gibson (née Pinsent; October 5, 1924 – June 10, 2008) was a British-American microbiologist and biochemist who worked in the field of photosynthetic bacteria.
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Jöns Jacob Berzelius
Baron Jöns Jacob Berzelius (20 August 1779 – 7 August 1848), named by himself and contemporary society as Jacob Berzelius, was a Swedish chemist.
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Johan Gottlieb Gahn
Johan Gottlieb Gahn (19 August 1745 – 8 December 1818) was a Swedish chemist and metallurgist who discovered manganese in 1774.
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Jurassic
The Jurassic (from Jura Mountains) was a geologic period and system that spanned 56 million years from the end of the Triassic Period million years ago (Mya) to the beginning of the Cretaceous Period Mya.
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Kashin–Beck disease
Kashin–Beck disease (KBD) is a chronic, endemic type of osteochondropathy (disease of the bone) that is mainly distributed from northeastern to southwestern China, including 15 provinces.
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Lead
Lead is a chemical element with symbol Pb (from the Latin plumbum) and atomic number 82.
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Lead chamber process
The lead chamber process was an industrial method used to produce sulfuric acid in large quantities.
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Lead selenide
Lead selenide (PbSe), or lead(II) selenide, a selenide of lead, is a semiconductor material.
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Light meter
A light meter is a device used to measure the amount of light.
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Light-emitting diode
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source.
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Lithium–sulfur battery
The lithium–sulfur battery (Li–S battery) is a type of rechargeable battery, notable for its high specific energy.
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Locoweed
Locoweed (also crazyweed and loco) is a common name in North America for any plant that produces swainsonine, a phytotoxin harmful to livestock.
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Lung
The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system in humans and many other animals including a few fish and some snails.
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Magnesium
Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12.
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Mammal
Mammals are the vertebrates within the class Mammalia (from Latin mamma "breast"), a clade of endothermic amniotes distinguished from reptiles (including birds) by the possession of a neocortex (a region of the brain), hair, three middle ear bones, and mammary glands.
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Mercury selenide
Mercury selenide (HgSe) is a chemical compound of mercury and selenium.
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Meta-analysis
A meta-analysis is a statistical analysis that combines the results of multiple scientific studies.
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Methylselenocysteine
Methylselenocysteine, also known as Se-methylselenocysteine, is an analog of ''S''-methylcysteine in which the sulfur atom is replaced with a selenium atom.
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Microgram
In the metric system, a microgram or microgramme (μg; the recommended symbol in the United States when communicating medical information is mcg) is a unit of mass equal to one millionth of a gram.
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Micronutrient
Micronutrients are essential elements required by organisms in small quantities throughout life to orchestrate a range of physiological functions to maintain health.
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Microorganism
A microorganism, or microbe, is a microscopic organism, which may exist in its single-celled form or in a colony of cells. The possible existence of unseen microbial life was suspected from ancient times, such as in Jain scriptures from 6th century BC India and the 1st century BC book On Agriculture by Marcus Terentius Varro. Microbiology, the scientific study of microorganisms, began with their observation under the microscope in the 1670s by Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. In the 1850s, Louis Pasteur found that microorganisms caused food spoilage, debunking the theory of spontaneous generation. In the 1880s Robert Koch discovered that microorganisms caused the diseases tuberculosis, cholera and anthrax. Microorganisms include all unicellular organisms and so are extremely diverse. Of the three domains of life identified by Carl Woese, all of the Archaea and Bacteria are microorganisms. These were previously grouped together in the two domain system as Prokaryotes, the other being the eukaryotes. The third domain Eukaryota includes all multicellular organisms and many unicellular protists and protozoans. Some protists are related to animals and some to green plants. Many of the multicellular organisms are microscopic, namely micro-animals, some fungi and some algae, but these are not discussed here. They live in almost every habitat from the poles to the equator, deserts, geysers, rocks and the deep sea. Some are adapted to extremes such as very hot or very cold conditions, others to high pressure and a few such as Deinococcus radiodurans to high radiation environments. Microorganisms also make up the microbiota found in and on all multicellular organisms. A December 2017 report stated that 3.45 billion year old Australian rocks once contained microorganisms, the earliest direct evidence of life on Earth. Microbes are important in human culture and health in many ways, serving to ferment foods, treat sewage, produce fuel, enzymes and other bioactive compounds. They are essential tools in biology as model organisms and have been put to use in biological warfare and bioterrorism. They are a vital component of fertile soils. In the human body microorganisms make up the human microbiota including the essential gut flora. They are the pathogens responsible for many infectious diseases and as such are the target of hygiene measures.
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Mineral (nutrient)
In the context of nutrition, a mineral is a chemical element required as an essential nutrient by organisms to perform functions necessary for life.
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Moiety (chemistry)
In organic chemistry, a moiety is a part of a molecule.
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Monoclinic crystal system
In crystallography, the monoclinic crystal system is one of the 7 crystal systems.
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Moon
The Moon is an astronomical body that orbits planet Earth and is Earth's only permanent natural satellite.
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Myopathy
Myopathy is a disease of the muscle in which the muscle fibers do not function properly.
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National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is the United States federal agency responsible for conducting research and making recommendations for the prevention of work-related injury and illness.
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New Zealand
New Zealand (Aotearoa) is a sovereign island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.
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Nickel
Nickel is a chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28.
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Nitric acid
Nitric acid (HNO3), also known as aqua fortis (Latin for "strong water") and spirit of niter, is a highly corrosive mineral acid.
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Nonmetal
Apart from hydrogen, nonmetals are located in the p-block. Helium, as an s-block element, would normally be placed next to hydrogen and above beryllium. However, since it is a noble gas, it is instead placed above neon (in the p-block). In chemistry, a nonmetal (or non-metal) is a chemical element that mostly lacks metallic attributes.
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Nutritional muscular dystrophy
Nutritional Muscular Dystrophy (Nutritional Myopathy or White Muscle Disease) is a disease caused by a deficiency of selenium and vitamin E in dietary intake.
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Occupational Safety and Health Administration
The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is an agency of the United States Department of Labor.
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Oonopsis
Oonopsis, false goldenweed, is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family.
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Ore
An ore is an occurrence of rock or sediment that contains sufficient minerals with economically important elements, typically metals, that can be economically extracted from the deposit.
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Organic peroxide
Organic peroxides are organic compounds containing the peroxide functional group (ROOR′).
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Organoselenium chemistry
Organoselenium compounds are chemical compounds containing carbon-to-selenium chemical bonds.
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Organosulfur compounds
Organosulfur compounds are organic compounds that contain sulfur.
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Oxidation state
The oxidation state, sometimes referred to as oxidation number, describes degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of an atom in a chemical compound.
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Oxide
An oxide is a chemical compound that contains at least one oxygen atom and one other element in its chemical formula.
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Parenteral nutrition
Total parenteral nutrition (PN) is the feeding of a person intravenously, bypassing the usual process of eating and digestion.
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Periodic table
The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements, ordered by their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties, whose structure shows periodic trends.
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Periodic Videos
The Periodic Table of Videos (usually shortened to Periodic Videos) is a series of videos about chemical elements and the periodic table.
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Permissible exposure limit
The permissible exposure limit (PEL or OSHA PEL) is a legal limit in the United States for exposure of an employee to a chemical substance or physical agent such as loud noise.
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Photoconductivity
Photoconductivity is an optical and electrical phenomenon in which a material becomes more electrically conductive due to the absorption of electromagnetic radiation such as visible light, ultraviolet light, infrared light, or gamma radiation.
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Photocopier
A photocopier (also known as a copier or copy machine) is a machine that makes paper copies of documents and other visual images quickly and cheaply.
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Photodetector
Photosensors or photodetectors are sensors of light or other electromagnetic energy.
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Photographic print toning
In photography, toning is a method of changing the color of black-and-white photographs.
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Photophone
The photophone is a telecommunications device that allows transmission of speech on a beam of light.
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Photovoltaics
Photovoltaics (PV) is a term which covers the conversion of light into electricity using semiconducting materials that exhibit the photovoltaic effect, a phenomenon studied in physics, photochemistry, and electrochemistry.
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Phylogenetics
In biology, phylogenetics (Greek: φυλή, φῦλον – phylé, phylon.
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Pigment
A pigment is a material that changes the color of reflected or transmitted light as the result of wavelength-selective absorption.
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Polo
Polo is a team sport played on horseback.
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Polyhedron (journal)
Polyhedron is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the field of inorganic chemistry.
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Polymer
A polymer (Greek poly-, "many" + -mer, "part") is a large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits.
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Polyphenol
Polyphenols (also known as polyhydroxyphenols) are a structural class of mainly natural, but also synthetic or semisynthetic, organic chemicals characterized by the presence of large multiples of phenol structural units.
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Popular Science
Popular Science (also known as PopSci) is an American quarterly magazine carrying popular science content, which refers to articles for the general reader on science and technology subjects.
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Potassium selenate
Potassium selenate,, is an odorless, white solid that forms as the potassium salt of selenic acid.
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Pulmonary edema
Pulmonary edema is fluid accumulation in the tissue and air spaces of the lungs.
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Quantum dot
Quantum dots (QD) are very small semiconductor particles, only several nanometres in size, so small that their optical and electronic properties differ from those of larger particles.
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Radiation therapy
Radiation therapy or radiotherapy, often abbreviated RT, RTx, or XRT, is therapy using ionizing radiation, generally as part of cancer treatment to control or kill malignant cells and normally delivered by a linear accelerator.
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Randomized controlled trial
A randomized controlled trial (or randomized control trial; RCT) is a type of scientific (often medical) experiment which aims to reduce bias when testing a new treatment.
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Recommended exposure limit
A recommended exposure limit (REL) is an occupational exposure limit that has been recommended by the United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) for adoption as a permissible exposure limit.
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Rectifier
A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current (AC), which periodically reverses direction, to direct current (DC), which flows in only one direction.
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Redox
Redox (short for reduction–oxidation reaction) (pronunciation: or) is a chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of atoms are changed.
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Refining (metallurgy)
In metallurgy, refining consists of purifying an impure metal.
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Ribonucleotide reductase
Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR), also known as ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase (rNDP), is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of deoxyribonucleotides from ribonucleotides.
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Ruminant
Ruminants are mammals that are able to acquire nutrients from plant-based food by fermenting it in a specialized stomach prior to digestion, principally through microbial actions.
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Safe Drinking Water Act
The Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) is the principal federal law in the United States intended to ensure safe drinking water for the public.
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Salt (chemistry)
In chemistry, a salt is an ionic compound that can be formed by the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base.
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Sampling (medicine)
In medicine, sampling is gathering of matter from the body to aid in the process of a medical diagnosis and/or evaluation of an indication for treatment, further medical tests or other procedures.
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SECIS element
In biology, the SECIS element (SECIS: selenocysteine insertion sequence) is an RNA element around 60 nucleotides in length that adopts a stem-loop structure.
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Selenate
The selenate ion is.
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Selene
In Greek mythology, Selene ("Moon") is the goddess of the moon.
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Selenic acid
Selenic acid is the inorganic compound with the formula.
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Selenide
A selenide is a chemical compound containing a selenium anion with oxidation number of −2 (Se2&minus), much as sulfur does in a sulfide.
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Selenite (ion)
The selenite anion is a selenium oxoanion with the chemical formula.
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Selenite (mineral)
Selenite, satin spar, desert rose, and gypsum flower are four varieties of the mineral gypsum; all four varieties show obvious crystalline structure.
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Selenium dioxide
Selenium dioxide is the chemical compound with the formula SeO2.
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Selenium disulfide
Selenium disulfide is a medication used to treat pityriasis versicolor, seborrhoeic dermatitis, and dandruff.
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Selenium hexafluoride
Selenium hexafluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula SeF6.
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Selenium monochloride
Selenium monochloride is an inorganic compound with the formula Se2Cl2.
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Selenium oxydichloride
Selenium oxydichloride is the inorganic compound with the formula SeOCl2.
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Selenium pollution
In high concentrations, selenium acts as an environmental contaminant.
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Selenium rectifier
A selenium rectifier is a type of metal rectifier, invented in 1933.
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Selenium tetrachloride
Selenium tetrachloride is the inorganic compound composed with the formula SeCl4.
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Selenium trioxide
Selenium trioxide is the inorganic compound with the formula SeO3.
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Selenium yeast
Selenium yeast, produced by fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae in a selenium-rich media, is a recognized source of organic food-form selenium.
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Selenium-79
Selenium-79 is a radioisotope of selenium present in spent nuclear fuel and the wastes resulting from reprocessing this fuel.
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Selenocysteine
Selenocysteine (symbol Sec or U, in older publications also as Se-Cys) is the 21st proteinogenic amino acid.
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Selenol
Selenols are organic compounds that contain the functional group with the connectivity C–Se–H.
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Selenomethionine
Selenomethionine is a naturally occurring amino acid.
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Selenous acid
Selenous acid (or selenious acid) is the chemical compound with the formula H2SeO3.
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Selenoxide elimination
Selenoxide elimination (also called α-selenation) is a method for the chemical synthesis of alkenes from selenoxides.
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Selenoyl fluoride
Selenoyl fluoride, selenoyl difluoride, selenium oxyfluoride, or selenium dioxydifluoride is a chemical compound with the formula SeO2F2.
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Semiconductor
A semiconductor material has an electrical conductivity value falling between that of a conductor – such as copper, gold etc.
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Shale
Shale is a fine-grained, clastic sedimentary rock composed of mud that is a mix of flakes of clay minerals and tiny fragments (silt-sized particles) of other minerals, especially quartz and calcite.
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Silicon
Silicon is a chemical element with symbol Si and atomic number 14.
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Silver selenite
Silver selenite is an inorganic compound of formula Ag2SeO3.
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Single-wavelength anomalous dispersion
Single-wavelength anomalous diffraction (SAD) is a technique used in X-ray crystallography that facilitates the determination of the structure of proteins or other biological macromolecules by allowing the solution of the phase problem.
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Sloughing
Sloughing (pronounced "sluffing") in biology refers to the act of shedding or casting off dead tissue, such as cells of the endometrium, shed during menstruation, or the shedding of skin in amphibians.
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Sodium carbonate
Sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, (also known as washing soda, soda ash and soda crystals, and in the monohydrate form as crystal carbonate) is the water-soluble sodium salt of carbonic acid.
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Sodium selenite
Sodium selenite is the inorganic compound with the formula Na2SeO3.
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Solar cell
A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect, which is a physical and chemical phenomenon.
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Solvent extraction and electrowinning
Solvent extraction and electrowinning (SX/EW) is a two-stage hydrometallurgical process that first extracts and upgrades copper ions from low-grade leach solutions into a solvent containing a chemical that selectively reacts with and binds the copper in the solvent.
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Stanleya (plant)
Stanleya is a genus of six species of plants in the mustard family known commonly as prince's plumes.
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Sulfide
Sulfide (systematically named sulfanediide, and sulfide(2−)) (British English sulphide) is an inorganic anion of sulfur with the chemical formula S2− or a compound containing one or more S2− ions.
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Sulfoxide
A sulfoxide is a chemical compound containing a sulfinyl (SO) functional group attached to two carbon atoms.
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Sulfur
Sulfur or sulphur is a chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16.
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Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide (also sulphur dioxide in British English) is the chemical compound with the formula.
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Sulfur hexafluoride
Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) is an inorganic, colorless, odorless, non-flammable, extremely potent greenhouse gas, and an excellent electrical insulator.
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Sulfur trioxide
Sulfur trioxide (alternative spelling sulphur trioxide) is the chemical compound with the formula SO3.
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Sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid (alternative spelling sulphuric acid) is a mineral acid with molecular formula H2SO4.
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Sulfuryl chloride
Sulfuryl chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula SO2Cl2.
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Surge protector
A surge protector (or surge suppressor or surge diverter) is an appliance or device designed to protect electrical devices from voltage spikes.
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Tellurium
Tellurium is a chemical element with symbol Te and atomic number 52.
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Tetrasulfur tetranitride
Tetrasulfur tetranitride is an inorganic compound with the formula S4N4.
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Thioether
A thioether is a functional group in organosulfur chemistry with the connectivity C–S–C as shown on right.
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Thiol
Thiol is an organosulfur compound that contains a carbon-bonded sulfhydryl (R–SH) group (where R represents an alkyl or other organic substituent).
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Thioredoxin
Thioredoxin is a class of small redox proteins known to be present in all organisms.
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Thioredoxin reductase
Thioredoxin reductases (TR, TrxR) are the only known enzymes to reduce thioredoxin (Trx).
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Thyroid hormones
Thyroid hormones are two hormones produced and released by the thyroid gland, namely triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).
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Tocopherol
Tocopherols (TCP) are a class of organic chemical compounds (more precisely, various methylated phenols), many of which have vitamin E activity.
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Trifolium repens
Trifolium repens, the white clover (also known as Dutch clover, Ladino clover, or Ladino), is a herbaceous perennial plant in the bean family Fabaceae (previously referred to as Leguminosae).
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Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).
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Uranium
Uranium is a chemical element with symbol U and atomic number 92.
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Vanadium
Vanadium is a chemical element with symbol V and atomic number 23.
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Varistor
A varistor is an electronic component with an electrical resistance that varies with the applied voltage.
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Vertebrate
Vertebrates comprise all species of animals within the subphylum Vertebrata (chordates with backbones).
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Vitamin C
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and L-ascorbic acid, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.
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Vitamin E
Vitamin E is a group of eight compounds that include four tocopherols and four tocotrienols.
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Vulcanization
Vulcanization or vulcanisation is a chemical process for converting natural rubber or related polymers into more durable materials by heating them with sulfur or other equivalent curatives or accelerators.
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Werner von Siemens
Ernst Werner Siemens (von Siemens from 1888;; 13 December 1816 – 6 December 1892) was a German inventor and industrialist.
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Willoughby Smith
Willoughby Smith (6 April 1828, Great Yarmouth, Norfolk – 17 July 1891, Eastbourne, Sussex) was an English electrical engineer who discovered the photoconductivity of the element selenium.
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X-ray
X-rays make up X-radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation.
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X-ray crystallography
X-ray crystallography is a technique used for determining the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal, in which the crystalline atoms cause a beam of incident X-rays to diffract into many specific directions.
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Xeroradiography
Xeroradiography is a type of X-ray imaging in which a picture of the body is recorded on paper rather than on film.
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Xylorhiza
Xylorhiza is a genus of flowering plants in the sunflower family, are known as woodyasters.
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Zinc
Zinc is a chemical element with symbol Zn and atomic number 30.
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Zinc selenide
Zinc selenide (ZnSe) is a light-yellow, solid compound comprising zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se).
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Element 34, Optical properties of selenium, Se (element), Seleniferous, Selenious, Selenium Physical Properties, Selenium compounds, Selenium poisoning, Seleniun, Selenosis, Selenous.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium
