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Serotonin

Index Serotonin

Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter. [1]

Table of Contents

  1. 330 relations: Adenylyl cyclase, Adrenaline, Adrenergic nerve fibre, Aggression, Agonist, Agonistic behaviour, Aldehyde, Aldehyde dehydrogenase, American Physiological Society, Amine, Amine oxide, Amino acid, Aminorex, Ammonia, Amnesiac gene, Anadenanthera, Anadenanthera peregrina, Annual Reviews (publisher), Ant colony, Antidepressant, Antiemetic, Antimicrobial, Antipsychotic, Anxiogenic, Anxiolytic, Appetite, Arabidopsis thaliana, Arda Green, Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, Aspergillus niger, Atherosclerosis, Banana, Basal forebrain, Berlin, Beta cell, Betty Twarog, Bilateria, BioMed Central, Biosynthesis, Blood plasma, Blood sugar level, Blood–brain barrier, Bolinus brandaris, Brachypodium distachyon, Brainstem, Cabergoline, Caenorhabditis elegans, Cancer, Cardiac fibrosis, Caridoid escape reaction, ... Expand index (280 more) »

  2. Biogenic amines
  3. Happy hormones
  4. Hydroxyarenes

Adenylyl cyclase

Adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1, also commonly known as adenyl cyclase and adenylyl cyclase, abbreviated AC) is an enzyme with systematic name ATP diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing; 3′,5′-cyclic-AMP-forming).

See Serotonin and Adenylyl cyclase

Adrenaline

Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone and medication which is involved in regulating visceral functions (e.g., respiration). Serotonin and Adrenaline are neurotransmitters.

See Serotonin and Adrenaline

Adrenergic nerve fibre

An adrenergic nerve fibre is a neuron for which the neurotransmitter is either adrenaline (epinephrine), noradrenaline or dopamine.

See Serotonin and Adrenergic nerve fibre

Aggression

Aggression is a behavior aimed at opposing or attacking something or someone.

See Serotonin and Aggression

Agonist

An agonist is a chemical that activates a receptor to produce a biological response.

See Serotonin and Agonist

Agonistic behaviour

Agonistic behaviour is any social behaviour related to fighting.

See Serotonin and Agonistic behaviour

Aldehyde

In organic chemistry, an aldehyde is an organic compound containing a functional group with the structure.

See Serotonin and Aldehyde

Aldehyde dehydrogenase

Aldehyde dehydrogenases are a group of enzymes that catalyse the oxidation of aldehydes.

See Serotonin and Aldehyde dehydrogenase

American Physiological Society

The American Physiological Society is a non-profit professional society for physiologists.

See Serotonin and American Physiological Society

Amine

In chemistry, amines are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.

See Serotonin and Amine

Amine oxide

In chemistry, an amine oxide, also known as an amine N-oxide or simply N-oxide, is a chemical compound that has the chemical formula.

See Serotonin and Amine oxide

Amino acid

Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups.

See Serotonin and Amino acid

Aminorex

Aminorex (Menocil, Apiquel, aminoxaphen, aminoxafen, McN-742) is a weight loss (anorectic) stimulant drug.

See Serotonin and Aminorex

Ammonia

Ammonia is an inorganic chemical compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula.

See Serotonin and Ammonia

Amnesiac gene

The amnesiac (amn) gene in ''Drosophila'' is a mutant suppressor of the ''dunce gene''.

See Serotonin and Amnesiac gene

Anadenanthera

Anadenanthera is a genus of South American trees in the Legume family, Fabaceae.

See Serotonin and Anadenanthera

Anadenanthera peregrina

Anadenanthera peregrina, also known as yopo, jopo, cohoba, parica or calcium tree, is a perennial tree of the genus Anadenanthera native to the Caribbean and South America.

See Serotonin and Anadenanthera peregrina

Annual Reviews (publisher)

Annual Reviews is an independent, non-profit academic publishing company based in San Mateo, California.

See Serotonin and Annual Reviews (publisher)

Ant colony

An ant colony is a population of ants, typically from a single species, capable of maintaining their complete lifecycle.

See Serotonin and Ant colony

Antidepressant

Antidepressants are a class of medications used to treat major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, chronic pain, and addiction.

See Serotonin and Antidepressant

Antiemetic

An antiemetic is a drug that is effective against vomiting and nausea.

See Serotonin and Antiemetic

Antimicrobial

An antimicrobial is an agent that kills microorganisms (microbicide) or stops their growth (bacteriostatic agent).

See Serotonin and Antimicrobial

Antipsychotic

Antipsychotics, previously known as neuroleptics and major tranquilizers, are a class of psychotropic medication primarily used to manage psychosis (including delusions, hallucinations, paranoia or disordered thought), principally in schizophrenia but also in a range of other psychotic disorders.

See Serotonin and Antipsychotic

Anxiogenic

An anxiogenic or panicogenic substance is one that causes anxiety.

See Serotonin and Anxiogenic

Anxiolytic

An anxiolytic (also antipanic or anti-anxiety agent) is a medication or other intervention that reduces anxiety.

See Serotonin and Anxiolytic

Appetite

Appetite is the desire to eat food items, usually due to hunger.

See Serotonin and Appetite

Arabidopsis thaliana

Arabidopsis thaliana, the thale cress, mouse-ear cress or arabidopsis, is a small plant from the mustard family (Brassicaceae), native to Eurasia and Africa.

See Serotonin and Arabidopsis thaliana

Arda Green

Arda Alden Green (May 7, 1899 – January 22, 1958) was an American biochemist who co-discovered the neurotransmitter serotonin and discovered the reaction responsible for firefly bioluminescence.

See Serotonin and Arda Green

Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase

Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC or AAAD), also known as DOPA decarboxylase (DDC), tryptophan decarboxylase, and 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase, is a lyase enzyme, located in region 7p12.2-p12.1.

See Serotonin and Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase

Aspergillus niger

Aspergillus niger is a mold classified within the Nigri section of the Aspergillus genus.

See Serotonin and Aspergillus niger

Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is a pattern of the disease arteriosclerosis, characterized by development of abnormalities called lesions in walls of arteries.

See Serotonin and Atherosclerosis

Banana

A banana is an elongated, edible fruit – botanically a berry – produced by several kinds of large herbaceous flowering plants in the genus Musa.

See Serotonin and Banana

Basal forebrain

Part of the human brain, the basal forebrain structures are located in the forebrain to the front of and below the striatum.

See Serotonin and Basal forebrain

Berlin

Berlin is the capital and largest city of Germany, both by area and by population.

See Serotonin and Berlin

Beta cell

Beta cells (β-cells) are specialized endocrine cells located within the pancreatic islets of Langerhans responsible for the production and release of insulin and amylin.

See Serotonin and Beta cell

Betty Twarog

Betty Mack Twarog (August 28, 1927 – February 6, 2013) was an American biochemist who was the first to find serotonin in mammalian brain.

See Serotonin and Betty Twarog

Bilateria

Bilateria is a large clade or infrakingdom of animals called bilaterians, characterized by bilateral symmetry (i.e. having a left and a right side that are mirror images of each other) during embryonic development.

See Serotonin and Bilateria

BioMed Central

BioMed Central (BMC) is a United Kingdom-based, for-profit scientific open access publisher that produces over 250 scientific journals.

See Serotonin and BioMed Central

Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis, i.e., chemical synthesis occuring in biological contexts, is a term most often referring to multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed processes where chemical substances absorbed as nutrients (or previously converted through biosynthesis) serve as enzyme substrates, with conversion by the living organism either into simpler or more complex products.

See Serotonin and Biosynthesis

Blood plasma

Blood plasma is a light amber-colored liquid component of blood in which blood cells are absent, but which contains proteins and other constituents of whole blood in suspension.

See Serotonin and Blood plasma

Blood sugar level

The blood sugar level, blood sugar concentration, blood glucose level, or glycemia is the measure of glucose concentrated in the blood.

See Serotonin and Blood sugar level

Blood–brain barrier

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective semipermeable border of endothelial cells that regulates the transfer of solutes and chemicals between the circulatory system and the central nervous system, thus protecting the brain from harmful or unwanted substances in the blood.

See Serotonin and Blood–brain barrier

Bolinus brandaris

Bolinus brandaris (originally called Murex brandaris by Linnaeus and also Haustellum brandaris), and commonly known as the purple dye murex or the spiny dye-murex, is a species of medium-sized predatory sea snail, an edible marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or the rock snails.

See Serotonin and Bolinus brandaris

Brachypodium distachyon

Brachypodium distachyon, commonly called purple false brome or stiff brome, is a grass species native to southern Europe, northern Africa and southwestern Asia east to India.

See Serotonin and Brachypodium distachyon

Brainstem

The brainstem (or brain stem) is the stalk-like part of the brain that connects the forebrain (the cerebrum and diencephalon) with the spinal cord.

See Serotonin and Brainstem

Cabergoline

Cabergoline, sold under the brand name Dostinex among others, is a dopaminergic medication used in the treatment of high prolactin levels, prolactinomas, Parkinson's disease, and for other indications.

See Serotonin and Cabergoline

Caenorhabditis elegans

Caenorhabditis elegans is a free-living transparent nematode about 1 mm in length that lives in temperate soil environments.

See Serotonin and Caenorhabditis elegans

Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.

See Serotonin and Cancer

Cardiac fibrosis

Cardiac fibrosis commonly refers to the excess deposition of extracellular matrix in the cardiac muscle, but the term may also refer to an abnormal thickening of the heart valves due to inappropriate proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts.

See Serotonin and Cardiac fibrosis

Caridoid escape reaction

The caridoid escape reaction, also known as lobstering or tail-flipping, is an innate escape mechanism in marine and freshwater crustaceans such as lobsters, krill, shrimp and crayfish.

See Serotonin and Caridoid escape reaction

Cell membrane

The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, and historically referred to as the plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of a cell from the outside environment (the extracellular space).

See Serotonin and Cell membrane

Cell Press

Cell Press is an all-science publisher of over 50 scientific journals across the life, physical, earth, and health sciences, both independently and in partnership with scientific societies.

See Serotonin and Cell Press

Central nervous system

The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting primarily of the brain and spinal cord.

See Serotonin and Central nervous system

Cereal

A cereal is a grass cultivated for its edible grain.

See Serotonin and Cereal

Cerebellum

The cerebellum (cerebella or cerebellums; Latin for "little brain") is a major feature of the hindbrain of all vertebrates.

See Serotonin and Cerebellum

Cerebrospinal fluid

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless body fluid found within the tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord of all vertebrates.

See Serotonin and Cerebrospinal fluid

Chemical synapse

Chemical synapses are biological junctions through which neurons' signals can be sent to each other and to non-neuronal cells such as those in muscles or glands.

See Serotonin and Chemical synapse

Chemoreceptor trigger zone

The chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) is an area of the medulla oblongata that receives inputs from blood-borne drugs or hormones, and communicates with other structures in the vomiting center to initiate vomiting.

See Serotonin and Chemoreceptor trigger zone

Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy (often abbreviated chemo, sometimes CTX and CTx) is the type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents or alkylating agents) in a standard regimen.

See Serotonin and Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a common side-effect of many cancer treatments.

See Serotonin and Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting

Chlorphentermine

Chlorphentermine (trade names Apsedon, Desopimon, Lucofen) is a serotonergic appetite suppressant of the amphetamine family.

See Serotonin and Chlorphentermine

Chordate

A chordate is a deuterostomic animal belonging to the phylum Chordata. All chordates possess, at some point during their larval or adult stages, five distinctive physical characteristics (synapomorphies) that distinguish them from other taxa.

See Serotonin and Chordate

Chronobiology

Chronobiology is a field of biology that examines timing processes, including periodic (cyclic) phenomena in living organisms, such as their adaptation to solar- and lunar-related rhythms.

See Serotonin and Chronobiology

Circadian rhythm

A circadian rhythm, or circadian cycle, is a natural oscillation that repeats roughly every 24 hours.

See Serotonin and Circadian rhythm

Cleveland Clinic

Cleveland Clinic is an American nonprofit academic medical center based in Cleveland, Ohio.

See Serotonin and Cleveland Clinic

Cocaine

Cocaine (from, from, ultimately from Quechua: kúka) is a tropane alkaloid that acts as a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant.

See Serotonin and Cocaine

Cognition

Cognition is the "mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses".

See Serotonin and Cognition

Cognitive disorder

Cognitive disorders (CDs), also known as neurocognitive disorders (NCDs), are a category of mental health disorders that primarily affect cognitive abilities including learning, memory, perception, and problem-solving.

See Serotonin and Cognitive disorder

Cognitive skill

Cognitive skills, also called cognitive functions, cognitive abilities or cognitive capacities, are skills of the mind, as opposed to other types of skills such as motor skills.

See Serotonin and Cognitive skill

Cold medicine

Cold medicines are a group of medications taken individually or in combination as a treatment for the symptoms of the common cold and similar conditions of the upper respiratory tract.

See Serotonin and Cold medicine

Common octopus

The common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) is a mollusk belonging to the class Cephalopoda.

See Serotonin and Common octopus

Cooking banana

Cooking bananas are a group of starchy banana cultivars in the genus Musa whose fruits are generally used in cooking.

See Serotonin and Cooking banana

Coumaric acid

Coumaric acid is a phenolic derivative of cinnamic acid having a hydroxy group as substituent at one of the aromatic positions.

See Serotonin and Coumaric acid

Courtship

Courtship is the period wherein some couples get to know each other prior to a possible marriage or committed romantic, de facto relationship.

See Serotonin and Courtship

Crayfish

Crayfish are freshwater crustaceans belonging to the infraorder Astacidea, which also contains lobsters.

See Serotonin and Crayfish

Cuticle

A cuticle, or cuticula, is any of a variety of tough but flexible, non-mineral outer coverings of an organism, or parts of an organism, that provide protection.

See Serotonin and Cuticle

Cytochrome P450

Cytochromes P450 (P450s or CYPs) are a superfamily of enzymes containing heme as a cofactor that mostly, but not exclusively, function as monooxygenases.

See Serotonin and Cytochrome P450

Dauer larva

Dauer (German "", English "the enduring", "the duration" in the meaning of "a length of time") describes an alternative developmental stage of nematode worms, particularly rhabditids including Caenorhabditis elegans, whereby the larva goes into a type of stasis and can survive harsh conditions.

See Serotonin and Dauer larva

Debye

The debye (symbol: D) is a CGS unit (a non-SI metric unit) of electric dipole momentTwo equal and opposite charges separated by some distance constitute an electric dipole.

See Serotonin and Debye

Decarboxylation

Decarboxylation is a chemical reaction that removes a carboxyl group and releases carbon dioxide (CO2).

See Serotonin and Decarboxylation

Deconica coprophila

Deconica coprophila, commonly known as the dung-loving psilocybe, meadow muffin mushroom, or dung demon, is a species of mushroom in the family Strophariaceae.

See Serotonin and Deconica coprophila

Dendrite

A dendrite (from Greek δένδρον déndron, "tree") or dendron is a branched protoplasmic extension of a nerve cell that propagates the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, or soma, of the neuron from which the dendrites project.

See Serotonin and Dendrite

Dextromethorphan

Dextromethorphan (DXM), sold under the trade name Robitussin among others, is a cough suppressant used in many cough and cold medicines.

See Serotonin and Dextromethorphan

Diarrhea

Diarrhea (American English), also spelled diarrhoea or diarrhœa (British English), is the condition of having at least three loose, liquid, or watery bowel movements in a day.

See Serotonin and Diarrhea

Dietary supplement

A dietary supplement is a manufactured product intended to supplement a person's diet by taking a pill, capsule, tablet, powder, or liquid.

See Serotonin and Dietary supplement

Discoglossus pictus

Discoglossus pictus, the Mediterranean painted frog or simply painted frog, is a species of frog in the family Alytidae (formerly Discoglossidae).

See Serotonin and Discoglossus pictus

Dominance hierarchy

In the zoological field of ethology, a dominance hierarchy (formerly and colloquially called a pecking order) is a type of social hierarchy that arises when members of animal social groups interact, creating a ranking system.

See Serotonin and Dominance hierarchy

Dopamine

Dopamine (DA, a contraction of 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) is a neuromodulatory molecule that plays several important roles in cells. Serotonin and Dopamine are Happy hormones, neurotransmitters, Peripherally selective drugs and TAAR1 agonists.

See Serotonin and Dopamine

Drosophila

Drosophila is a genus of fly, belonging to the family Drosophilidae, whose members are often called "small fruit flies" or pomace flies, vinegar flies, or wine flies, a reference to the characteristic of many species to linger around overripe or rotting fruit.

See Serotonin and Drosophila

Drosophila melanogaster

Drosophila melanogaster is a species of fly (an insect of the order Diptera) in the family Drosophilidae.

See Serotonin and Drosophila melanogaster

Drug

A drug is any chemical substance other than a nutrient or an essential dietary ingredient, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect.

See Serotonin and Drug

Drug overdose

A drug overdose (overdose or OD) is the ingestion or application of a drug or other substance in quantities much greater than are recommended.

See Serotonin and Drug overdose

Edible mushroom

Edible mushrooms are the fleshy fruit bodies of several species of macrofungi (fungi that bear fruiting structures large enough to be seen with the naked eye).

See Serotonin and Edible mushroom

Electrochemistry

Electrochemistry is the branch of physical chemistry concerned with the relationship between electrical potential difference and identifiable chemical change.

See Serotonin and Electrochemistry

Electrode

An electrode is an electrical conductor used to make contact with a nonmetallic part of a circuit (e.g. a semiconductor, an electrolyte, a vacuum or air).

See Serotonin and Electrode

Empathogen

Empathogens or entactogens are a class of psychoactive drugs that induce the production of experiences of emotional communion, oneness, relatedness, emotional openness—that is, empathy or sympathy—as particularly observed and reported for experiences with 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA).

See Serotonin and Empathogen

Endogeny (biology)

Endogenous substances and processes are those that originate from within a living system such as an organism, tissue, or cell.

See Serotonin and Endogeny (biology)

Endothelium

The endothelium (endothelia) is a single layer of squamous endothelial cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels.

See Serotonin and Endothelium

Entamoeba histolytica

Entamoeba histolytica is an anaerobic parasitic amoebozoan, part of the genus Entamoeba.

See Serotonin and Entamoeba histolytica

Enterochromaffin cell

Enterochromaffin (EC) cells (also known as Kulchitsky cells) are a type of enteroendocrine cell, and neuroendocrine cell.

See Serotonin and Enterochromaffin cell

Enzyme

Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions.

See Serotonin and Enzyme

Epithelium

Epithelium or epithelial tissue is a thin, continuous, protective layer of compactly packed cells with little extracellular matrix.

See Serotonin and Epithelium

Ergotamine

Ergotamine, sold under the brand name Ergomar among others, is an ergopeptine and part of the ergot family of alkaloids; it is structurally and biochemically closely related to ergoline.

See Serotonin and Ergotamine

Exocytosis

Exocytosis is a form of active transport and bulk transport in which a cell transports molecules (e.g., neurotransmitters and proteins) out of the cell (exo- + cytosis).

See Serotonin and Exocytosis

Falck-Hillarp method of fluorescence

The Falck-Hillarp method of fluorescence (the F-H method) is a technique that makes it possible to demonstrate and study, with unique precision and susceptibility, certain monoamines, among those the three catecholamines dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline, as well as serotonin and related substances.

See Serotonin and Falck-Hillarp method of fluorescence

Fenfluramine

Fenfluramine, sold under the brand name Fintepla, is a serotonergic medication used for the treatment of seizures associated with Dravet syndrome and Lennox–Gastaut syndrome.

See Serotonin and Fenfluramine

Ferulic acid

Ferulic acid is a hydroxycinnamic acid derivative and a phenolic compound.

See Serotonin and Ferulic acid

Fight-or-flight response

The fight-or-flight or the fight-flight-freeze-or-fawn (also called hyperarousal or the acute stress response) is a physiological reaction that occurs in response to a perceived harmful event, attack, or threat to survival.

See Serotonin and Fight-or-flight response

Fluoxetine

Fluoxetine, sold under the brand name Prozac, among others, is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class.

See Serotonin and Fluoxetine

Fly

Flies are insects of the order Diptera, the name being derived from the Greek δι- di- "two", and πτερόν pteron "wing".

See Serotonin and Fly

Food and Drug Administration

The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA or US FDA) is a federal agency of the Department of Health and Human Services.

See Serotonin and Food and Drug Administration

Frontal lobe

The frontal lobe is the largest of the four major lobes of the brain in mammals, and is located at the front of each cerebral hemisphere (in front of the parietal lobe and the temporal lobe).

See Serotonin and Frontal lobe

Fruit

In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants that is formed from the ovary after flowering (see Fruit anatomy).

See Serotonin and Fruit

Fungus

A fungus (fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.

See Serotonin and Fungus

Fusarium crown rot of wheat

Crown rot of wheat is caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium pseudograminearum.

See Serotonin and Fusarium crown rot of wheat

G protein-coupled receptor

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptors, and G protein-linked receptors (GPLR), form a large group of evolutionarily related proteins that are cell surface receptors that detect molecules outside the cell and activate cellular responses.

See Serotonin and G protein-coupled receptor

Gastrointestinal physiology

Gastrointestinal physiology is the branch of human physiology that addresses the physical function of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.

See Serotonin and Gastrointestinal physiology

Gastrointestinal tract

The gastrointestinal tract (GI tract, digestive tract, alimentary canal) is the tract or passageway of the digestive system that leads from the mouth to the anus. The GI tract contains all the major organs of the digestive system, in humans and other animals, including the esophagus, stomach, and intestines.

See Serotonin and Gastrointestinal tract

Generalized anxiety disorder

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a mental and behavioral disorder, specifically an anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, uncontrollable and often irrational worry about events or activities.

See Serotonin and Generalized anxiety disorder

Gestation

Gestation is the period of development during the carrying of an embryo, and later fetus, inside viviparous animals (the embryo develops within the parent).

See Serotonin and Gestation

Gi alpha subunit

Gi protein alpha subunit is a family of heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits.

See Serotonin and Gi alpha subunit

Gibberella zeae

Gibberella zeae, also known by the name of its anamorph Fusarium graminearum, is a fungal plant pathogen which causes fusarium head blight (FHB), a devastating disease on wheat and barley.

See Serotonin and Gibberella zeae

Glossary of biology

This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.

See Serotonin and Glossary of biology

Gq alpha subunit

Gq protein alpha subunit is a family of heterotrimeric G protein alpha subunits.

See Serotonin and Gq alpha subunit

Granisetron

Granisetron is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist used as an antiemetic to treat nausea and vomiting following chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

See Serotonin and Granisetron

Growth factor

A growth factor is a naturally occurring substance capable of stimulating cell proliferation, wound healing, and occasionally cellular differentiation.

See Serotonin and Growth factor

Gs alpha subunit

The Gs alpha subunit (Gαs, Gsα) is a subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein Gs that stimulates the cAMP-dependent pathway by activating adenylyl cyclase.

See Serotonin and Gs alpha subunit

GTPase

GTPases are a large family of hydrolase enzymes that bind to the nucleotide guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and hydrolyze it to guanosine diphosphate (GDP).

See Serotonin and GTPase

Hallucinogen

Hallucinogens are a large and diverse class of psychoactive drugs that can produce altered states of consciousness characterized by major alterations in thought, mood, and perception as well as other changes.

See Serotonin and Hallucinogen

Heidelberg

Heidelberg (Heidlberg) is a city in the German state of Baden-Württemberg, situated on the river Neckar in south-west Germany.

See Serotonin and Heidelberg

Hematophagy

Hematophagy (sometimes spelled haematophagy or hematophagia) is the practice by certain animals of feeding on blood (from the Greek words αἷμα haima "blood" and φαγεῖν phagein "to eat").

See Serotonin and Hematophagy

Hemostasis

In biology, hemostasis or haemostasis is a process to prevent and stop bleeding, meaning to keep blood within a damaged blood vessel (the opposite of hemostasis is hemorrhage).

See Serotonin and Hemostasis

Hepatic portal system

In human anatomy, the hepatic portal system or portal venous system is the system of veins comprising the portal vein and its tributaries.

See Serotonin and Hepatic portal system

Hexaplex trunculus

Hexaplex trunculus (previously known as Murex trunculus, Phyllonotus trunculus, or the banded dye-murex) is a medium-sized sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex shells or rock snails.

See Serotonin and Hexaplex trunculus

Hickory

Hickory is a common name for trees composing the genus Carya, which includes around 18 species.

See Serotonin and Hickory

Hindbrain

The hindbrain, rhombencephalon (shaped like a rhombus) or lower brain is a developmental categorization of portions of the central nervous system in vertebrates.

See Serotonin and Hindbrain

HIOC

HIOC is a small-molecule agent which acts as a selective TrkB receptor agonist (active at at least 100 nM; prominent activation at 500 nM).

See Serotonin and HIOC

Hippocampus

The hippocampus (hippocampi; via Latin from Greek ἱππόκαμπος, 'seahorse') is a major component of the brain of humans and other vertebrates.

See Serotonin and Hippocampus

Hornet

Hornets (insects in the genus Vespa) are the largest of the eusocial wasps, and are similar in appearance to yellowjackets, their close relatives.

See Serotonin and Hornet

Human body

The human body is the entire structure of a human being.

See Serotonin and Human body

Human sexual activity

Human sexual activity, human sexual practice or human sexual behaviour is the manner in which humans experience and express their sexuality.

See Serotonin and Human sexual activity

Hydroxy group

In chemistry, a hydroxy or hydroxyl group is a functional group with the chemical formula and composed of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom.

See Serotonin and Hydroxy group

Hydroxylation

In chemistry, hydroxylation can refer to.

See Serotonin and Hydroxylation

Hypertension

Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated.

See Serotonin and Hypertension

Hypertensive emergency

A hypertensive emergency is very high blood pressure with potentially life-threatening symptoms and signs of acute damage to one or more organ systems (especially brain, eyes, heart, aorta, or kidneys).

See Serotonin and Hypertensive emergency

Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction

Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV), also known as the Euler-Liljestrand mechanism, is a physiological phenomenon in which small pulmonary arteries constrict in the presence of alveolar hypoxia (low oxygen levels).

See Serotonin and Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction

IC50

Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) is a measure of the potency of a substance in inhibiting a specific biological or biochemical function.

See Serotonin and IC50

Indium tin oxide

Indium tin oxide (ITO) is a ternary composition of indium, tin and oxygen in varying proportions.

See Serotonin and Indium tin oxide

Indolamines

Indolamines are a family of neurotransmitters that share a common molecular structure (namely, indolamine). Serotonin and indolamines are neurotransmitters.

See Serotonin and Indolamines

Indole

Indole is an organic compound with the formula.

See Serotonin and Indole

Inferior colliculus

The inferior colliculus (IC) (Latin for lower hill) is the principal midbrain nucleus of the auditory pathway and receives input from several peripheral brainstem nuclei in the auditory pathway, as well as inputs from the auditory cortex.

See Serotonin and Inferior colliculus

Informa

Informa plc is a British publishing, business intelligence, and exhibitions group based in London, England.

See Serotonin and Informa

Insulin

Insulin (from Latin insula, 'island') is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets encoded in humans by the insulin (INS) gene.

See Serotonin and Insulin

Insulin-like growth factor

The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are proteins with high sequence similarity to insulin.

See Serotonin and Insulin-like growth factor

Invertebrate

Invertebrates is an umbrella term describing animals that neither develop nor retain a vertebral column (commonly known as a spine or backbone), which evolved from the notochord.

See Serotonin and Invertebrate

Ion channel

Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that allow ions to pass through the channel pore.

See Serotonin and Ion channel

Irvine Page

Irvine Heinly Page (January 7, 1901 – June 10, 1991) was an American physiologist who played an important part in the field of hypertension for almost 60 years while working at the Cleveland Clinic as the first Chair of Research.

See Serotonin and Irvine Page

Kiwifruit

Kiwifruit (often shortened to kiwi outside New Zealand and Australia) or Chinese gooseberry, is the edible berry of several species of woody vines in the genus Actinidia.

See Serotonin and Kiwifruit

Knockout mouse

A knockout mouse, or knock-out mouse, is a genetically modified mouse (Mus musculus) in which researchers have inactivated, or "knocked out", an existing gene by replacing it or disrupting it with an artificial piece of DNA.

See Serotonin and Knockout mouse

Learning

Learning is the process of acquiring new understanding, knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, attitudes, and preferences.

See Serotonin and Learning

Ligand

In coordination chemistry, a ligand is an ion or molecule with a functional group that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex.

See Serotonin and Ligand

Ligand (biochemistry)

In biochemistry and pharmacology, a ligand is a substance that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose.

See Serotonin and Ligand (biochemistry)

Lipocalin

The lipocalins are a family of proteins which transport small hydrophobic molecules such as steroids, bilins, retinoids, and lipids, and most lipocalins are also able to bind to complexed iron (via siderophores or flavonoids) as well as heme.

See Serotonin and Lipocalin

Lisuride

Lisuride, sold under the brand name Dopergin among others, is a monoaminergic medication of the ergoline class which is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, migraine, and high prolactin levels.

See Serotonin and Lisuride

Liver

The liver is a major metabolic organ exclusively found in vertebrate animals, which performs many essential biological functions such as detoxification of the organism, and the synthesis of proteins and various other biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth.

See Serotonin and Liver

Lobster

Lobsters are malacostracans of the family Nephropidae (synonym Homaridae).

See Serotonin and Lobster

Locus coeruleus

The locus coeruleus (LC), also spelled locus caeruleus or locus ceruleus, is a nucleus in the pons of the brainstem involved with physiological responses to stress and panic.

See Serotonin and Locus coeruleus

LSD

Lysergic acid diethylamide, commonly known as LSD (from German Lysergsäure-diethylamid), and known colloquially as acid or lucy, is a potent psychedelic drug.

See Serotonin and LSD

Lumen (anatomy)

In biology, a lumen (lumina) is the inside space of a tubular structure, such as an artery or intestine.

See Serotonin and Lumen (anatomy)

Lung

The lungs are the central organs of the respiratory system in humans and some other animals, including tetrapods, some snails and a small number of fish.

See Serotonin and Lung

Macaque

The macaques constitute a genus (Macaca) of gregarious Old World monkeys of the subfamily Cercopithecinae.

See Serotonin and Macaque

Major depressive disorder

Major depressive disorder (MDD), also known as clinical depression, is a mental disorder characterized by at least two weeks of pervasive low mood, low self-esteem, and loss of interest or pleasure in normally enjoyable activities.

See Serotonin and Major depressive disorder

Maurice M. Rapport

Maurice Rapport (1919–2011) was a biochemist who is best known for his work with the neurotransmitter serotonin.

See Serotonin and Maurice M. Rapport

MDMA

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), commonly known as ecstasy (tablet form), and molly or mandy (crystal form), is a potent empathogen–entactogen with stimulant and minor psychedelic properties. Serotonin and MDMA are TAAR1 agonists.

See Serotonin and MDMA

Medulla oblongata

The medulla oblongata or simply medulla is a long stem-like structure which makes up the lower part of the brainstem.

See Serotonin and Medulla oblongata

Memory

Memory is the faculty of the mind by which data or information is encoded, stored, and retrieved when needed.

See Serotonin and Memory

Merkel cell

Merkel cells, also known as Merkel–Ranvier cells or tactile epithelial cells, are oval-shaped mechanoreceptors essential for light touch sensation and found in the skin of vertebrates.

See Serotonin and Merkel cell

Mescaline

Mescaline or mescalin (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine) is a naturally occurring psychedelic protoalkaloid of the substituted phenethylamine class, known for its hallucinogenic effects comparable to those of LSD and psilocybin.

See Serotonin and Mescaline

Metabolic pathway

In biochemistry, a metabolic pathway is a linked series of chemical reactions occurring within a cell.

See Serotonin and Metabolic pathway

Metabolite

In biochemistry, a metabolite is an intermediate or end product of metabolism.

See Serotonin and Metabolite

Methylation

Methylation, in the chemical sciences, is the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group.

See Serotonin and Methylation

Methysergide

Methysergide, sold under the brand names Deseril and Sansert, is a monoaminergic medication of the ergoline and lysergamide groups which is used in the prophylaxis and treatment of migraine and cluster headaches.

See Serotonin and Methysergide

Metitepine

Metitepine (developmental code names Ro 8-6837 (maleate), VUFB-6276 (mesylate)), also known as methiothepin, is a drug described as a "psychotropic agent" of the tricyclic group which was never marketed.

See Serotonin and Metitepine

Mianserin

Mianserin, sold under the brand name Tolvon among others, is an atypical antidepressant that is used primarily in the treatment of depression in Europe and elsewhere in the world.

See Serotonin and Mianserin

Microorganism

A microorganism, or microbe, is an organism of microscopic size, which may exist in its single-celled form or as a colony of cells. The possible existence of unseen microbial life was suspected from ancient times, such as in Jain scriptures from sixth century BC India. The scientific study of microorganisms began with their observation under the microscope in the 1670s by Anton van Leeuwenhoek.

See Serotonin and Microorganism

Midbrain

The midbrain or mesencephalon is the rostral-most portion of the brainstem connecting the diencephalon and cerebrum with the pons. It consists of the cerebral peduncles, tegmentum, and tectum.

See Serotonin and Midbrain

Migraine

Migraine is a genetically influenced complex neurological disorder characterized by episodes of moderate-to-severe headache, most often unilateral and generally associated with nausea and light and sound sensitivity.

See Serotonin and Migraine

Molar mass

In chemistry, the molar mass (or molecular weight) of a chemical compound is defined as the ratio between the mass and the amount of substance (measured in moles) of any sample of the compound.

See Serotonin and Molar mass

Monoamine neurotransmitter

Monoamine neurotransmitters are neurotransmitters and neuromodulators that contain one amino group connected to an aromatic ring by a two-carbon chain (such as -CH2-CH2-). Examples are dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin. Serotonin and Monoamine neurotransmitter are neurotransmitters and TAAR1 agonists.

See Serotonin and Monoamine neurotransmitter

Monoamine oxidase

Monoamine oxidases (MAO) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of monoamines, employing oxygen to clip off their amine group.

See Serotonin and Monoamine oxidase

Monoamine oxidase A

Monoamine oxidase A, also known as MAO-A, is an enzyme (E.C. 1.4.3.4) that in humans is encoded by the MAOA gene.

See Serotonin and Monoamine oxidase A

Monoamine oxidase inhibitor

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are a class of drugs that inhibit the activity of one or both monoamine oxidase enzymes: monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B).

See Serotonin and Monoamine oxidase inhibitor

Monoamine transporter

Monoamine transporters (MATs) are proteins that function as integral plasma-membrane transporters to regulate concentrations of extracellular monoamine neurotransmitters.

See Serotonin and Monoamine transporter

Mood (psychology)

In psychology, a mood is an affective state.

See Serotonin and Mood (psychology)

Morphology of Diptera

Dipteran morphology differs in some significant ways from the broader morphology of insects.

See Serotonin and Morphology of Diptera

Motivational salience

Motivational salience is a cognitive process and a form of attention that motivates or propels an individual's behavior towards or away from a particular object, perceived event or outcome.

See Serotonin and Motivational salience

Mouse

A mouse (mice) is a small rodent.

See Serotonin and Mouse

Muscle tone

In physiology, medicine, and anatomy, muscle tone (residual muscle tension or tonus) is the continuous and passive partial contraction of the muscles, or the muscle's resistance to passive stretch during resting state.

See Serotonin and Muscle tone

Mushroom bodies

The mushroom bodies or corpora pedunculata are a pair of structures in the brain of arthropods, including insects and crustaceans, and some annelids (notably the ragworm Platynereis dumerilii).

See Serotonin and Mushroom bodies

Myenteric plexus

The myenteric plexus (or Auerbach's plexus) provides motor innervation to both layers of the muscular layer of the gut, having both parasympathetic and sympathetic input (although present ganglion cell bodies belong to parasympathetic innervation, fibers from sympathetic innervation also reach the plexus), whereas the submucous plexus provides secretomotor innervation to the mucosa nearest the lumen of the gut.

See Serotonin and Myenteric plexus

Mytilus (bivalve)

Mytilus is a cosmopolitan genus of medium to large-sized edible, mainly saltwater mussels, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Mytilidae.

See Serotonin and Mytilus (bivalve)

Nausea

Nausea is a diffuse sensation of unease and discomfort, sometimes perceived as an urge to vomit.

See Serotonin and Nausea

Neoplasm

A neoplasm is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of tissue.

See Serotonin and Neoplasm

Nervous system

In biology, the nervous system is the highly complex part of an animal that coordinates its actions and sensory information by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body.

See Serotonin and Nervous system

Neuroendocrine cell

Neuroendocrine cells are cells that receive neuronal input (through neurotransmitters released by nerve cells or neurosecretory cells) and, as a consequence of this input, release messenger molecules (hormones) into the blood.

See Serotonin and Neuroendocrine cell

Neuron

A neuron, neurone, or nerve cell is an excitable cell that fires electric signals called action potentials across a neural network in the nervous system.

See Serotonin and Neuron

Neuropeptide

Neuropeptides are chemical messengers made up of small chains of amino acids that are synthesized and released by neurons.

See Serotonin and Neuropeptide

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity, also known as neural plasticity or brain plasticity, is the ability of neural networks in the brain to change through growth and reorganization.

See Serotonin and Neuroplasticity

Neurotransmitter

A neurotransmitter is a signaling molecule secreted by a neuron to affect another cell across a synapse. Serotonin and neurotransmitter are neurotransmitters.

See Serotonin and Neurotransmitter

Nitric oxide synthase

Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) are a family of enzymes catalyzing the production of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine.

See Serotonin and Nitric oxide synthase

Norepinephrine

Norepinephrine (NE), also called noradrenaline (NA) or noradrenalin, is an organic chemical in the catecholamine family that functions in the brain and body as a hormone, neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. Serotonin and Norepinephrine are neurotransmitters, Peripherally selective drugs and TAAR1 agonists.

See Serotonin and Norepinephrine

Octopamine

Octopamine (molecular formula C8H11NO2; also known as OA, and also norsynephrine, para-octopamine and others) is an organic chemical closely related to norepinephrine, and synthesized biologically by a homologous pathway. Serotonin and Octopamine are neurotransmitters and TAAR1 agonists.

See Serotonin and Octopamine

Ondansetron

Ondansetron, sold under the brand name Zofran among others, is a medication used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy, migraines or surgery. Serotonin and Ondansetron are Peripherally selective drugs.

See Serotonin and Ondansetron

Osteoblast

Osteoblasts (from the Greek combining forms for "bone", ὀστέο-, osteo- and βλαστάνω, blastanō "germinate") are cells with a single nucleus that synthesize bone.

See Serotonin and Osteoblast

Osteocyte

An osteocyte, an oblate shaped type of bone cell with dendritic processes, is the most commonly found cell in mature bone.

See Serotonin and Osteocyte

Osteopenia

Osteopenia, known as "low bone mass" or "low bone density", is a condition in which bone mineral density is low.

See Serotonin and Osteopenia

Ostrea

Ostrea is a genus of edible oysters, marine bivalve mollusks in the family Ostreidae, the oysters.

See Serotonin and Ostrea

Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

See Serotonin and Oxford University Press

Pain

Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli.

See Serotonin and Pain

Panaeolus

Panaeolus is a genus of small, black-spored, saprotrophic agarics.

See Serotonin and Panaeolus

Pancreas

The pancreas is an organ of the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates.

See Serotonin and Pancreas

Paramuricea clavata

Paramuricea clavata, the violescent sea-whip, is a species of colonial soft coral in the family Plexauridae.

See Serotonin and Paramuricea clavata

Pergolide

Pergolide, sold under the brand name Permax and Prascend (veterinary) among others, is an ergoline-based dopamine receptor agonist used in some countries for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

See Serotonin and Pergolide

Peripheral nervous system

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is one of two components that make up the nervous system of bilateral animals, with the other part being the central nervous system (CNS).

See Serotonin and Peripheral nervous system

Phaeosphaeria nodorum

Phaeosphaeria nodorum (syn. Stagonospora nodorum, synonym and correct taxonomic name: Parastagonospora nodorum) is a major fungal pathogen of wheat (Triticum aestivum), causing the disease Septoria nodorum blotch.

See Serotonin and Phaeosphaeria nodorum

Pheidole dentata

Pheidole dentata is a species of ant in the subfamily Myrmicinae.

See Serotonin and Pheidole dentata

Phospholipase C

Phospholipase C (PLC) is a class of membrane-associated enzymes that cleave phospholipids just before the phosphate group (see figure).

See Serotonin and Phospholipase C

PIEZO1

PIEZO1 is a mechanosensitive ion channel protein that in humans is encoded by the gene PIEZO1.

See Serotonin and PIEZO1

Pineapple

The pineapple (Ananas comosus) is a tropical plant with an edible fruit; it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae.

See Serotonin and Pineapple

Plant

Plants are the eukaryotes that form the kingdom Plantae; they are predominantly photosynthetic.

See Serotonin and Plant

Plasma membrane monoamine transporter

The plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT) is a low-affinity monoamine transporter protein which in humans is encoded by the SLC29A4 gene.

See Serotonin and Plasma membrane monoamine transporter

Platelet

Platelets or thrombocytes are a blood component whose function (along with the coagulation factors) is to react to bleeding from blood vessel injury by clumping, thereby initiating a blood clot.

See Serotonin and Platelet

Plum

A plum is a fruit of some species in ''Prunus'' subg. ''Prunus''. Dried plums are often called prunes, though in the United States they may be labeled as 'dried plums', especially during the 21st century.

See Serotonin and Plum

Pons

The pons (pontes; from Latin pons, "bridge", from Proto-Indo-European *pónteh₁s, “path, road”, from *pent-, “path”. Cognate with Sanskrit पन्था, pánthā-) is part of the brainstem that in humans and other mammals, lies inferior to the midbrain, superior to the medulla oblongata and anterior to the cerebellum.

See Serotonin and Pons

Postoperative nausea and vomiting

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is the phenomenon of nausea, vomiting, or retching experienced by a patient in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) or within 24 hours following a surgical procedure.

See Serotonin and Postoperative nausea and vomiting

Prefrontal cortex

In mammalian brain anatomy, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) covers the front part of the frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex.

See Serotonin and Prefrontal cortex

Pretectal area

In neuroanatomy, the pretectal area, or pretectum, is a midbrain structure composed of seven nuclei and comprises part of the subcortical visual system.

See Serotonin and Pretectal area

Protein Data Bank

The Protein Data Bank (PDB) is a database for the three-dimensional structural data of large biological molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids, which is overseen by the Worldwide Protein Data Bank (wwPDB).

See Serotonin and Protein Data Bank

Protein isoform

A protein isoform, or "protein variant", is a member of a set of highly similar proteins that originate from a single gene or gene family and are the result of genetic differences.

See Serotonin and Protein isoform

Psilocin

Psilocin (also known as 4-HO-DMT, 4-hydroxy DMT, psilocine, psilocyn, or psilotsin) is a substituted tryptamine alkaloid and a serotonergic psychedelic substance. Serotonin and psilocin are Hydroxyarenes and tryptamine alkaloids.

See Serotonin and Psilocin

Psilocybin

Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychedelic prodrug compound produced by more than 200 species of fungi. Serotonin and Psilocybin are tryptamine alkaloids.

See Serotonin and Psilocybin

Psilocybin mushroom

Psilocybin mushrooms, commonly known as magic mushrooms or shrooms, are a polyphyletic informal group of fungi that contain psilocybin, which turns into psilocin upon ingestion.

See Serotonin and Psilocybin mushroom

Psychedelic drug

Psychedelics are a subclass of hallucinogenic drugs whose primary effect is to trigger non-ordinary mental states (known as psychedelic experiences or "trips") and a perceived "expansion of consciousness".

See Serotonin and Psychedelic drug

Pyridoxal phosphate

Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, P5P), the active form of vitamin B6, is a coenzyme in a variety of enzymatic reactions.

See Serotonin and Pyridoxal phosphate

Quorum sensing

In biology, quorum sensing or quorum signaling (QS) is the process of cell-to-cell communication that allows bacteria to detect and respond to cell population density by gene regulation, typically as a means of acclimating to environmental disadvantages.

See Serotonin and Quorum sensing

Radiation therapy

Radiation therapy or radiotherapy (RT, RTx, or XRT) is a treatment using ionizing radiation, generally provided as part of cancer therapy to either kill or control the growth of malignant cells.

See Serotonin and Radiation therapy

Ralstonia solanacearum

Ralstonia solanacearum is an aerobic non-spore-forming, Gram-negative, plant pathogenic bacterium.

See Serotonin and Ralstonia solanacearum

Raphe nuclei

The raphe nuclei (ῥαφή, "seam") are a moderate-size cluster of nuclei found in the brain stem.

See Serotonin and Raphe nuclei

Receptor (biochemistry)

In biochemistry and pharmacology, receptors are chemical structures, composed of protein, that receive and transduce signals that may be integrated into biological systems.

See Serotonin and Receptor (biochemistry)

Redox

Redox (reduction–oxidation or oxidation–reduction) is a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of the reactants change.

See Serotonin and Redox

Reticular formation

The reticular formation is a set of interconnected nuclei that are located in the brainstem, hypothalamus, and other regions.

See Serotonin and Reticular formation

Retroperitoneal fibrosis

Retroperitoneal fibrosis or Ormond's disease is a disease featuring the proliferation of fibrous tissue in the retroperitoneum, the compartment of the body containing the kidneys, aorta, renal tract, and various other structures.

See Serotonin and Retroperitoneal fibrosis

Reuptake

Reuptake is the reabsorption of a neurotransmitter by a neurotransmitter transporter located along the plasma membrane of an axon terminal (i.e., the pre-synaptic neuron at a synapse) or glial cell after it has performed its function of transmitting a neural impulse. Serotonin and Reuptake are neurotransmitters.

See Serotonin and Reuptake

Reward system

The reward system (the mesocorticolimbic circuit) is a group of neural structures responsible for incentive salience (i.e., "wanting"; desire or craving for a reward and motivation), associative learning (primarily positive reinforcement and classical conditioning), and positively-valenced emotions, particularly ones involving pleasure as a core component (e.g., joy, euphoria and ecstasy).

See Serotonin and Reward system

Rhodnius prolixus

Rhodnius prolixus is the principal triatomine vector of the Chagas parasite due to both its sylvatic and domestic populations in northern South America as well as to its exclusively domestic populations in Central America.

See Serotonin and Rhodnius prolixus

Scientific American

Scientific American, informally abbreviated SciAm or sometimes SA, is an American popular science magazine.

See Serotonin and Scientific American

Scorpion

Scorpions are predatory arachnids of the order Scorpiones.

See Serotonin and Scorpion

Second messenger system

Second messengers are intracellular signaling molecules released by the cell in response to exposure to extracellular signaling molecules—the first messengers.

See Serotonin and Second messenger system

Seed

In botany, a seed is a plant embryo and food reserve enclosed in a protective outer covering called a seed coat (testa).

See Serotonin and Seed

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a class of drugs that are typically used as antidepressants in the treatment of major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, and other psychological conditions.

See Serotonin and Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

Sense of smell

The sense of smell, or olfaction, is the special sense through which smells (or odors) are perceived.

See Serotonin and Sense of smell

Sepia (cephalopod)

Sepia is a genus of cuttlefish in the family Sepiidae encompassing some of the best known and most common species.

See Serotonin and Sepia (cephalopod)

Serotonin receptor antagonist

A serotonin antagonist, or serotonin receptor antagonist, is a drug used to inhibit the action of serotonin and serotonergic drugs at serotonin (5-HT) receptors.

See Serotonin and Serotonin receptor antagonist

Serotonin syndrome

Serotonin syndrome (SS) is a group of symptoms that may occur with the use of certain serotonergic medications or drugs.

See Serotonin and Serotonin syndrome

Serotonin transporter

The serotonin transporter (SERT or 5-HTT) also known as the sodium-dependent serotonin transporter and solute carrier family 6 member 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC6A4 gene.

See Serotonin and Serotonin transporter

Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor

Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are a class of antidepressant medications used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety disorders, social phobia, chronic neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS), and menopausal symptoms.

See Serotonin and Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor

Sertraline

Sertraline, sold under the brand name Zoloft among others, is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class.

See Serotonin and Sertraline

Sleep

Sleep is a state of reduced mental and physical activity in which consciousness is altered and certain sensory activity is inhibited.

See Serotonin and Sleep

Smooth muscle

Smooth (soft) muscle is one of the three major types of vertebrate muscle tissue, the other being skeletal and cardiac muscle.

See Serotonin and Smooth muscle

Social anxiety disorder

Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, is an anxiety disorder characterized by sentiments of fear and anxiety in social situations, causing considerable distress and impairing ability to function in at least some aspects of daily life.

See Serotonin and Social anxiety disorder

Somatosensory system

The somatosensory system is a subset of the sensory nervous system responsible for the perception of touch.

See Serotonin and Somatosensory system

Spinal cord

The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular structure made up of nervous tissue that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column (backbone) of vertebrate animals.

See Serotonin and Spinal cord

Springer Science+Business Media

Springer Science+Business Media, commonly known as Springer, is a German multinational publishing company of books, e-books and peer-reviewed journals in science, humanities, technical and medical (STM) publishing.

See Serotonin and Springer Science+Business Media

Substantia nigra

The substantia nigra (SN) is a basal ganglia structure located in the midbrain that plays an important role in reward and movement.

See Serotonin and Substantia nigra

Swarm behaviour

Swarm behaviour, or swarming, is a collective behaviour exhibited by entities, particularly animals, of similar size which aggregate together, perhaps milling about the same spot or perhaps moving en masse or migrating in some direction.

See Serotonin and Swarm behaviour

Synapse

In the nervous system, a synapse is a structure that permits a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron or to the target effector cell.

See Serotonin and Synapse

Taste bud

Taste buds are clusters of taste receptor cells, which are also known as gustatory cells.

See Serotonin and Taste bud

Teleost

Teleostei (Greek teleios "complete" + osteon "bone"), members of which are known as teleosts, is, by far, the largest infraclass in the class Actinopterygii, the ray-finned fishes, and contains 96% of all extant species of fish.

See Serotonin and Teleost

TGF beta signaling pathway

The transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) signaling pathway is involved in many cellular processes in both the adult organism and the developing embryo including cell growth, cell differentiation, cell migration, apoptosis, cellular homeostasis and other cellular functions.

See Serotonin and TGF beta signaling pathway

The New England Journal of Medicine

The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) is a weekly medical journal published by the Massachusetts Medical Society.

See Serotonin and The New England Journal of Medicine

Thermoregulation

Thermoregulation is the ability of an organism to keep its body temperature within certain boundaries, even when the surrounding temperature is very different.

See Serotonin and Thermoregulation

Thrombus

A thrombus (thrombi), colloquially called a blood clot, is the final product of the blood coagulation step in hemostasis.

See Serotonin and Thrombus

Tissue (biology)

In biology, tissue is an assembly of similar cells and their extracellular matrix from the same embryonic origin that together carry out a specific function.

See Serotonin and Tissue (biology)

Tomato

The tomato is the edible berry of the plant Solanum lycopersicum, commonly known as the tomato plant.

See Serotonin and Tomato

TPH1

Tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1) is an isoenzyme of tryptophan hydroxylase which in humans is encoded by the TPH1 gene.

See Serotonin and TPH1

TPH2

Tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) is an isozyme of tryptophan hydroxylase found in vertebrates.

See Serotonin and TPH2

Tricyclic antidepressant

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are a class of medications that are used primarily as antidepressants.

See Serotonin and Tricyclic antidepressant

Tropisetron

Tropisetron is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist used mainly as an antiemetic to treat nausea and vomiting following chemotherapy, although it has been used experimentally as an analgesic in cases of fibromyalgia.

See Serotonin and Tropisetron

Tryptamine

Tryptamine is an indolamine metabolite of the essential amino acid, tryptophan. Serotonin and Tryptamine are Biogenic amines and TAAR1 agonists.

See Serotonin and Tryptamine

Tryptophan

Tryptophan (symbol Trp or W) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Serotonin and Tryptophan are tryptamine alkaloids.

See Serotonin and Tryptophan

Tryptophan hydroxylase

Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) is an enzyme involved in the synthesis of the monoamine neurotransmitter serotonin.

See Serotonin and Tryptophan hydroxylase

Tyramine

Tyramine (also spelled tyramin), also known under several other names, is a naturally occurring trace amine derived from the amino acid tyrosine. Serotonin and tyramine are Peripherally selective drugs and TAAR1 agonists.

See Serotonin and Tyramine

University of Bristol

The University of Bristol is a red brick Russell Group research university in Bristol, England.

See Serotonin and University of Bristol

Urine

Urine is a liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and in many other animals.

See Serotonin and Urine

Urtica dioica

Urtica dioica, often known as common nettle, burn nettle, stinging nettle (although not all plants of this species sting) or nettle leaf, or just a nettle or stinger, is a herbaceous perennial flowering plant in the family Urticaceae.

See Serotonin and Urtica dioica

Valvular heart disease

Valvular heart disease is any cardiovascular disease process involving one or more of the four valves of the heart (the aortic and mitral valves on the left side of heart and the pulmonic and tricuspid valves on the right side of heart).

See Serotonin and Valvular heart disease

Vasoconstriction

Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of the blood vessels resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessels, in particular the large arteries and small arterioles.

See Serotonin and Vasoconstriction

Vegetable

Vegetables are parts of plants that are consumed by humans or other animals as food.

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Ventral tegmental area

The ventral tegmental area (VTA) (tegmentum is Latin for covering), also known as the ventral tegmental area of Tsai, or simply ventral tegmentum, is a group of neurons located close to the midline on the floor of the midbrain.

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Ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus

The ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMN, VMH or ventromedial hypothalamus) is a nucleus of the hypothalamus.

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Vertebrate

Vertebrates are deuterostomal animals with bony or cartilaginous axial endoskeleton — known as the vertebral column, spine or backbone — around and along the spinal cord, including all fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.

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Vittorio Erspamer

Vittorio Erspamer (30 July 1909 – 25 October 1999) was an Italian pharmacologist and chemist, known for the identification, synthesis and pharmacological studies of more than sixty new chemical compounds, most notably serotonin and octopamine.

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Vomiting

Vomiting (also known as emesis and throwing up) is the involuntary, forceful expulsion of the contents of one's stomach through the mouth and sometimes the nose.

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Vomitoxin

Vomitoxin, also known as deoxynivalenol (DON), is a type B trichothecene, an epoxy-sesquiterpenoid.

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Von Economo neuron

Von Economo neurons, also called spindle neurons, are a specific class of mammalian cortical neurons characterized by a large spindle-shaped soma (or body) gradually tapering into a single apical axon (the ramification that transmits signals) in one direction, with only a single dendrite (the ramification that receives signals) facing opposite.

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Walnut

A walnut is the edible seed of any tree of the genus Juglans (family Juglandaceae), particularly the Persian or English walnut, Juglans regia.

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Wasp

A wasp is any insect of the narrow-waisted suborder Apocrita of the order Hymenoptera which is neither a bee nor an ant; this excludes the broad-waisted sawflies (Symphyta), which look somewhat like wasps, but are in a separate suborder.

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Wheat

Wheat is a grass widely cultivated for its seed, a cereal grain that is a staple food around the world.

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Wiley-Blackwell

Wiley-Blackwell is an international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons.

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Zebrafish

The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a freshwater fish belonging to the minnow family (Cyprinidae) of the order Cypriniformes.

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5-HT receptor

5-HT receptors, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors, or serotonin receptors, are a group of G protein-coupled receptor and ligand-gated ion channels found in the central and peripheral nervous systems.

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5-HT1 receptor

The 5-HT1 receptors are a subfamily of the 5-HT serotonin receptors that bind to the endogenous neurotransmitter serotonin (also known as 5-hydroxytryptamine, or 5-HT).

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5-HT1A receptor

The serotonin 1A receptor (or 5-HT1A receptor) is a subtype of serotonin receptors, or 5-HT receptors, that binds serotonin, also known as 5-HT, a neurotransmitter.

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5-HT1B receptor

5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B also known as the 5-HT1B receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HTR1B gene.

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5-HT1D receptor

5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1D, also known as HTR1D, is a 5-HT receptor, but also denotes the human gene encoding it.

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5-HT1E receptor

5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) 1E receptor (5-HT1E) is a highly expressed human G-protein coupled receptor that belongs to the 5-HT1 receptor family (Gi-coupled serotonin receptor).

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5-HT1F receptor

5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1F, also known as HTR1F is a 5-HT1 receptor protein and also denotes the human gene encoding it.

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5-HT2 receptor

The 5-HT2 receptors are a subfamily of 5-HT receptors that bind the endogenous neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT).

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5-HT2A receptor

The 5-HT2A receptor is a subtype of the 5-HT2 receptor that belongs to the serotonin receptor family and is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR).

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5-HT2B receptor

5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B (5-HT2B) also known as serotonin receptor 2B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HTR2B gene.

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5-HT2C receptor

The 5-HT2C receptor is a subtype of the 5-HT2 receptor that binds the endogenous neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT).

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5-HT3 antagonist

The 5-HT3 antagonists, informally known as "setrons", are a class of drugs that act as receptor antagonists at the 5-HT3 receptor, a subtype of serotonin receptor found in terminals of the vagus nerve and in certain areas of the brain.

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5-HT3 receptor

The 5-HT3 receptor belongs to the Cys-loop superfamily of ligand-gated ion channels (LGICs) and therefore differs structurally and functionally from all other 5-HT receptors (5-hydroxytryptamine, or serotonin receptors) which are G protein-coupled receptors.

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5-HT4 receptor

5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HTR4 gene.

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5-HT5A receptor

5-Hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 5A, also known as HTR5A, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HTR5A gene.

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5-HT6 receptor

The 5HT6 receptor is a subtype of 5HT receptor that binds the endogenous neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5HT).

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5-HT7 receptor

The 5-HT7 receptor is a member of the GPCR superfamily of cell surface receptors and is activated by the neurotransmitter serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT).

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5-HTTLPR

5-HTTLPR (serotonin-transporter-linked promoter region) is a degenerate repeat (redundancy in the genetic code) polymorphic region in SLC6A4, the gene that codes for the serotonin transporter.

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5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid

5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) is the main metabolite of serotonin. Serotonin and 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid are Hydroxyarenes.

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5-Hydroxytryptophan

5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), also known as oxitriptan, is a naturally occurring amino acid and chemical precursor as well as a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitter serotonin. Serotonin and 5-Hydroxytryptophan are Hydroxyarenes.

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See also

Biogenic amines

Happy hormones

Hydroxyarenes

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serotonin

Also known as 5 hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT, 5-HydroxyTryptamine, 5HT, Biosynthesis of serotonin, Enteramine, Hydroxyindolacetic acid, Phytoserotonin, Seratonin, Seretonin, Seritonin, Serotonin agents, Serotonin and aging, Serotonin in plants, Serotonin synthesis, Sertonin.

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